Carnival 2010, vol. 12 | ISSN 1457-1226 Carnival Journal of the International Students of History Association on line version Editor-in-Chief: Sven Mörsdorf, Marburg Editorial Board: Katharina Rein, Berlin Robert J. Hanna, Marburg Rasmus Terörde, Marburg Publisher: International Students of History Association Printing: Color Image bvba - www.colorimage.be Heverlee, Belgium ISSN 1457-1226 Circulation: 200 hard copies, online edition Carnival is a publication of the International Students of History Association (ISHA), an international, academic, non-profit, independent organisation of students and graduates interested in history and related sciences. ISHA offers and co-ordinates various means of co-operation among students from different countries and backgrounds that are interested in historical science and related academic disciplines. For further information, please visit www.isha-international.org or contact the International Board at
[email protected] International Board 2009-10: International Board 2010-11 Frerik Kampman, president Sarah Stroobants, president Elsa Mäki-Reinikka, secretary Sven Mörsdorf, vice-president Marko Smokvina, treasurer Timo Vuorikivi, secretary Bodil Lindberg, treasurer Disclaimer: Facts and opinions published in the papers express solely the opinions of the respective authors. Authors are responsible for their citing of sources and the accuracy of their refer- ences and bibliographies. ISHA cannot be held responsible for any lacks or possible viola- tions of third parties’ rights. Leibniz Graduate School for Cultures of Knowledge in Central European Transnational Contexts The Herder Institute in Marburg, the Graduate Centre for the Study of Culture (GCSC) and the Gießen Centre for Eastern Europe is offering scholarships, financed each for a period of three years: 3 graduate scholarships (starting 1 st January 2011) The graduate programme’s main topic focuses on the value of cultures of knowledge in an Eastern European context.