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MAHABHARATAM BHEESHMA PARVAM 

Chilukuru Venkateswarlu MAHABHARATAM BHEESHMA PARVAM

© Chilukuru Venkateswarlu

Year : 2014

Copies can be had from : SRI RAMAKRISHNA TAPOVANAM Chennai – 600 032, Mobile : 9884708559 Website : sriramakrishnatapovanam.org E-mail ID : [email protected]

Typesetting by : R. Anuradha Raghuram, Hyderabad. (9441186831)

2 Dedication

Sri Nori Sreenadha Venkata Somayazulu & Smt. Subbalakshmi

Dedicated to my Sree Nori Sreenadha venkata Somayazulu and Smt. Subbalakshmi. Sree Somayazulu was born on 10-12-1922 at Thotlavalluru. He was the second son of late Sri Nori Suryanarayana and Seetamma. He learnt from his grandfather late Sri Nori Ramavadhani. Some how he did not showed much interest in academic education. In those days, education, economic background were not considered as an important parameter for a marriage. Arshayam and Paursheom are considered to be supreme. So he was married at a very early age with late Smt. Subbalakshmi at her eighth year. After marriage, he was inclined to equip himself with some professional qualifications. In those days the country was in the heat of independence movement under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. In

3 his movement Gandhiji strongly felt that there must be a common bondage to make the country united. He choose the propagation of Hindi as a common language in the country. Sri Somayazulu was one of the millions of youth influenced by Gandhiji’s call and immediately jumped into the movement. He started adult education in his house for adults in his village. With the same spirit he started learning Hindi and from scholars like Sri Ramananda Sarma, Sri Jatavallabhula Purushottam and pursued with great devotion. In the process he acquired several degrees in Hindi such as Vidwan, SahityaRatna from Allahabad University; B.A and Telugu Vidwan B.Ed degrees from Andhra University, Waltair. To spread the message of Gandhiji further he started “Netaji Hindi Vidyalaya” in Machilipatnam. ( District A.P) Subsequently, He joined ZillaParishad (Krishna District), served as a Hindi, Telugu Pandit and retired as A Head Master. He helped his younger Sri Ramakrishaiah, Narayanamoorthy in building up their careers. During early sixties to help. His youngest brother Chilukuru Venkateswarlu, a career he wrote the biographies of ancient Telugu poets and fixed his career as a publisher. (Subsequently, Venkateswarlu became a successful industrialist and as a writer in Telugu and English, settled at Chennai) He wrote many books on Vedanta such as , Bhagavatgeeta, Brahmasutras, Patanjali yoga sutras etc. He died on 02- 02-1997 in his own house which was fondly named as ‘Upanishad Kuteeram’ at Tadigadapa, Vijayawada. Srimathi Subbalakshmi his wife was born in Gollakoderu near Kaikaluru Krishna district. They had six daughters and a son. I feel I am privileged to dedicate Sri Mahabharatam to my brother and sister-in-law.

- Chilukuru Venkateswarlu

4 BETWEEN YOU AND ME

Ramayana, , Bhagavatams are the reflection of Indian heritage and culture. With the grace of my guru Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa I have already written Ramayanam and Bhagavatam. Now by writing Mahabharatam, I feel I am privileged and fortunate. Even late Sri C. Rajagopalachari expressed his happiness that he enjoyed more Anandam after writing and Mahabharata than occupying the seat of Governor General.

Mahabharatam provides us all the knowledge to pursue the principal objects of a human life viz dharma, ardha, kaama and moksha. It contains the essence of Vedas, Sastras, Upanishads and and it is said “What is in Mahabharata is everywhere, what is not in Mahabharata is not available anywhere”. Pandits applauded Mahabharatam as “Panchama Vedam” (Fifth Vedam).

Vyasa Maharishi has written this great epic in three years for the benefit of the mankind. Kavitrayam (Nannaya, Tikkana and Errapreggada) was written in Telugu in about three centuries. It is very astonishing to note that though three different poets have written, spread over in three centuries, the reader will have a feeling that the entire epic was written by one single poet during his lifetime. All this is because of the blessings of Maharishi and the good fortune of Telugu Literature.

5 Mahabharatam is not only the oldest scripture in the world (over 5000 years) but also bigger than “Illiad” and “Oddessy” (The ancient Greek epics). It is bigger not only in volume, but by its character delineation and it’s range of emotions.

Mahabharatam tells us the righteous character of and the wicked nature of and his associates. The conflict of these two characters lead to the great battle of .

Bhagavat Geeta is like the soul of Mahabharata. Pandavas are it’s body. The Purushardhas, Ithihasas, Upakhyanas and Dharmas are it’s energy. Vyasa Maharishi has churned the ocean of human life and took out nectar in the form of Mahabharatam for the benefit of the mankind. In short Mahabharatam is the spiritual torch for the human life. It not only teaches all dharmas from Vedas and Puranas, but also gives their subtle nature and leads the people to right path at times of need.

Kavitrayam are like Trimoortis. Aadikavi Nannaya is . Kavibrahma Tiikana was . Prabandha Parameswara ‘Errapreggada’ was Parameswara. Though they lived in different ages, they aptly had the titles as Trimoortis and became popular as Kavitrayam.

I take this opportunity and pay my respects to my parents Sri Nori Suryanarayana and Seetamma and to my adopted mother Sri Chilukuru Syamalamba. I prostrate at the lotus feet of my guru Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa. I pray my gurudev to spread the message of Indian culture and heritage through these epics to one and all in the world.

- Chilukuru Venkateswarlu

6 SRIMADANDHRA MAHABHARATHAM BHEESHMA PARVAM Chapter – 1 Veda Vyasa arrives: Both the armies of Kaurava and Pandavas built tents around Kurukshetra. At that time, king Dhrutarashtra was distressed about saving the pride of his sons. At the time was also by his side. Unexpectedly, Vyasa maharishi appeared and said to Dhrutarashtra: Vyasa maharishi: “My son! If you want to witness the war between Kauravas and Pandavas, I shall bless you with divine sight, so that you can watch them from your bed .” Dhrutarashtra: “Maharishi! When two brothers are fighting to kill each other, I can’t happily witness those scenes. I don’t mind to hear what is happening there. So please give such a power to Sanjaya. I will hear from him.” Vyasa maharishi: “My son! I am giving super natural power to Sanjaya. He can go anywhere in the battle field. No weapon will touch him. He can read others minds and know what they are thinking. He can also see the forms of gods watching the battle. You don’t have to worry about this war. It is pre-determine by the god. By this war, the burden on the earth will be reduced and disappeared.” Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! Right from the times immemorial, people give even their life for the sake of land. Can you tell me the reason for it? Kauravas and Pandavas are

Bheeshma parvam 7 fighting only for a piece of land. Why they are fastened with greed?” Sanjaya: King! Pandavas are not greedy. Their mind will be always fix on dharma. Your son Duryodhana is greedy. He dances to the tunes of Sakuni and others. They are all pretending friendship with your son. In olden days also, king Bhageeratha, king , king Raghu, and many others fought battles for land. This tradition is not started with your sons alone. Whichever side god favours, that side will win the battle. Dhrutarashtra: Tell me what is happening in Kurukshetra now? Sanjaya went to Kurukshetra and returned with divine power. He fell at the feet of Dhrutarashtra and wept bitterly. Sanjaya: King! Bheeshma had collapsed in the battlefield. It is nothing but the act of fate. He once fought and defeated great Parasurama. Such a great Pitamaha fell in the hands of Sikhandi. Duryodhana deceived Pandavas in a game of dice and slept peacefully only on the strength of Bheeshma. Now Bheeshma fell down in the battlefield and Duryodhana became sleepless. Bheeshma was capable of killing even ten thousand kings; such a Bheeshma fell on the ground with the arrows of Sikhandi. Dhrutarashtra grieves for the death of Bheeshma: Dhrutarashtra: Sanjaya! Nobody can surpass and out class Bheeshma, who is nothing but an ocean of valour. How Sikhandi crossed such a fearful ocean? Oh ! You took a vow that “I shall take another birth to kill you”. Now you did it. What a surprise? He was the protector of Kaurava family. He led a most principled life. Even after killing such a virtuous grand old man, Pandavas want still to rule this country? even

8 Mahabharatam god also colludes with Pandavas, what else can be said? Adharma is overruling dharma. In spite of losing Bheeshma how is that Kauravas are continuing to fight for kingdom? Is it not a sin? Of all said and done, a Kshatriya is the most cruel person among all varnas . To take birth as a Kshatriya is also a sin. The Kaurava army has become a widow after losing Bheeshma. How Can I grieve for Kauravas? I am afraid they may even loose their lives. “Sanjaya! Where are , Krupa leaving Bheeshma a prey for Sikhandi? What such a big army was doing when Bheeshma was attacked? Why none of them stood in support of him? Leaving him alone, were they looking fun and frolic at his fall? Perhaps they must be over confident that none could fell Bheeshma. Pandavas must have consolidated all their strength and instigated Sikhandi against Bheeshma? At that moment did my sons run away into forests, out of fear for life? After the fall of Bheeshma, what else remained for them? We lost everything. Once Bheeshma dead, others also as good as dead. “Sanjaya! After the fall of Bheeshma, what the kings are saying in our side? What those friends, who encouraged the game of dice, are saying now? Are they running hither and thither? Who is leading them, after Bheeshma? Now what will happen to them? “Sanjaya! Now you tell me how Bheeshma fought these ten days? What strategies that Pandavas planned to fell him? How he finally fell down? Since I am able to survive even after the fall of Bheeshma, my ears can take any amount of bad news. You tell me the details without any fear.’’ Sanjaya: “King! You yourself are confessing that this evil had happened because of you. Know it well that your sins are

Bheeshma parvam 9 paying you with the same coin. It is certain that those who do harm to other will perish. Now we are witnessing in this world itself. I will tell you what happened in those ten days on both sides. You listen. Vyasa maharishi had given me this awareness only to narrate you verbatim. First I will prostrate at the feet of maharishi and tell.’’ Sanjaya tells the details of battle at Kurukshetra: “Dhrutarashtra! After you slept in the night I went to Kauravas camp in Kurukshetra. Duryodhana received me affectionately and offered me a seat.’’ Duryodhana: “Dussasana! Know it well and let all our people also remember. Bheeshma is our protector. If we protect him, he will protect all of us. He knows only to kill everyone in the enemy’s camp. On the day he was appointed as the chief of army, he told every one of us that he would not fight against Sikhandi. He promised that he would kill all others. So we must be cautious about the movements of Sikhandi. Sometimes even a fox can kill a lion. The enemy may provoke Sikhandi on him and others may kill. So all the valorous radhikas should protect him. In this manner they planned the next day’s war strategy and tightened security ring around Bheeshma. Next morning all the kings took their positions. Looking at them, Bheeshma said: Bheeshma: “Warriors! I welcome you all. Battlefield is the gate way to heaven. This is a time old accepted dharma for kshatriyas. No Kshatriya would like to die with sickness. The only ambition of a kshatriya is to enter the battle field. Duryodhana! You ensure that as long as I am in the battlefield either or his men should not enter the battle.

10 Mahabharatam [Duryodhana and other kings expressed their solidarity]. Duryodhana and his brothers surrounded Bheeshma and asked him to form a vyuha. Bheeshma arranged a Manava vyuha. In that disposition Bheeshma and Drona stood at its entrance. On its right Krupacharya, on left Krutavarma, Selya, on their back , Somadatta, Bhurisrava stood. In the centre Duryodhana and brothers stood. War preparations on Pandavas side: Krishna, , Bheema, , , , Upa-Pandavas and others followed Dharmaraja. Arjuna blew his conch Devadattam. , and other commanders followed Drushtajyumna. At that huge gathering Dharmaraja said Dharmaraja: “Let us join this big battle. If we win, we enjoy all comforts, Other wise we all reach heaven. This is our traditional dharma Kshatriya. So let us fight for a big victory.’’ Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! How Did Dharmaraja reacted by looking at Kaurava’s army. How did Dharmaraja had so much of courage to fight our army? Sanjaya: “What you said is correct. Dharmaraja was bewildered by looking at our army and expressed his dismay. Then Arjuna said to him, “Brother! Long ago Narada maharishi said, in the presence of Bheeshma, Drona, Vyasa and others that those who do harm to dharma will never win a battle however large army they may have. So you don’t have to worry about the size of enemy’s army. Bheema had huge club with him. No body knows how many thousands of elephants he may kill. I too have a tall Gandeevam coupled with divine astras. We have

Bheeshma parvam 11 Drushtajyumna, Sikhandi, Drupada, Virata and many great warriors. Why so many words, if you get angry, even devatas can’t fight with you. So leave your fear. After all Krishna in our protector. Thus Dharmaraja was satisfied and asked, “Arjuna! Bheeshma arranged his army in a Manav vyuha which was appreciated even by devatas. You should plan a superior vyuha than that”. Then Arjuna called Drushtajyumna and ordered to form Achala vyuham. “In that Vyuham, Abhimanyu and Upa-Pandavas stood in the fore front. Bheema stood by the side of Drushtajyumna. Virata stood on north, Drupada stood on south. Large armies stood supporting them. Dharmaraja was stood in the middle. “Arjuna was in front of Sikhandi , facing Bheeshma. . A section of yadava army joined Pandavas side and the rest on Kauravas side, due to their internal quarrels.” Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! You have seen both the sides. Which side army is over enthusiastic? Sanjaya: “It looked army is more powerful, because NaraNarayanas are present in that side. Krishna and Arjuna took this battle lightly, whereas your son maintained his bravery, determination and boldness. In the meanwhile blood rained on Kaurava’s side. Looking at the bad omen Bheeshma, Drona and others said, “Ultimately Pandavas are winning this battle. Kauravas disregarded the bad omens and ordered the army to go ahead to fight. King! Both sides came to an understanding on the code of conduct as follows. 1. In course of a fight, if the warriors are engaged in a conversation, no weapons are to be used on them.

12 Mahabharatam 2. Whoever fell down while fighting, are not be killed. 3. Those whose weapons are dropped on ground, are not to be attacked. 4. Whoever flees from the battlefield, should not be chased and killed. Dharmaraja went to Bheeshma by walking: Dharmaraja removed his shield and left his bow and arrows in the chariot. He went by walking silently towards enimies side. Arjuna and his brothers didn’t know what he had in mind. However, they also removed shield, bow and arrows, followed him silently. The soldiers in Kauravas camp looked at them with surprise. Some whispered why Dharmaraja became so nervous in spite valorous brothers and other kings? Some said that he must be going with some plan in mind. Krishna said to Arjuna, “He is going to seek blessings from Bheeshma, Drona and others before he starts the battle. This is an ancient trend. Dharmaraja went to Bheeshma and prostrated at his feet and said: Dharmaraja: “Pitamaha! You are pure, pious and senior most of our family. It is unfortunate that we are forced to fight with you. I came to seek your permission and blessings.” Bheeshma: “Dharmaraja! It is good that you have come. Otherwise I would have mistaken you as an arrogant. Now I am blessing you that you are going to win the battle. You ask me any boon expect asking me to fight in your side.” Dharmaraja: Pitamaha! You fight for Duryodhana only, but you bless my wellbeing.” Bheeshma: “Dharmaraja! You come out openly what are you seeking from me.”

Bheeshma parvam 13 Dharmaraja: “Pitamaha! You tell me the way, how to we win you?” Bheeshma: “Dharmaraja! As long as I hold a weapon in my hand, even devatas can’t win me. I will not fight and threw away my weapons who melts my heart with devotin. My heart will not raze with anger and Vengenece on such people. At that time any one can defeat me. Now you don’t talk anything more on this. It is also not the opportune time to tell you the way how to defeat me. You meet me on some other occasion. Now you go away with this.” Dharmaraja went to Drona and prostrated at his feet and requested for his blessings. Drona said, “Dharmaraja, when Bhagwan SriKrishna happens to be your minister, where is the need for others’ blessings? Whereever dharma prevails Krishna will be there”. Dharmaraja requested “How can we win you”. Drona said “As long as a weapon is in my hands, nobody can defeat me. The moment I lay down my weapons, any one can kill me. When I hear a shocking and unbearable news of grief, through a person on whom I have implicit faith, I lay down my weapons immediately. At that time anybody can kill me”. From there, he went to Krupacharya and requested for his blessings. Krupacharya also told him that nobody can kill him. However he sincerely blessed that Dharmaraja is to win. From there he met king Selya and requested to remember the promise made to him, if he happens to be the charioteer for Karna. Selya said “I remember my promise made to and I shall keep up my word. You go peacefully”. At that time Krishna happened to see Karna and said: Krishna: “Karna! I came to know that you are keeping away from the battle because of your differences with

14 Mahabharatam Bheeshma. So you will not touch a weapon until the fall of Bheeshma. In the meanwhile why don’t you fight on behalf of Pandavas? This will be a fitting reply for Bheeshma also.” Karna: “Krishna! It is true that I have some differences with Bheeshma. But Duryodhana’s interest is more than my life. So how can I leave Duryodhana and join enemy’s side?” Krishna appreciated his loyalty for his master and reached Pandavas camp. Dharmaraja stood on the border and shouted loudly, looking Kauravas side “If any one changes his mind in the last minute, he may join us. We treat him as my own brother. This is my promise”. On hearing the offer Yuyutsa joined the Pandavas camp. [Yuyutsa was the son of Dhrutarashtra by a Vyasa wife] Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! Our army and Pandavas army reached Kurukshetra. Tell me what they are doing”. Sanjaya: “King! The time was fixed for the starting of war. Both the armies were positioned opposite to each other. Arjuna asked Krishna to keep his chariot before Kaurava army. There Arjuna saw his brothers, cousins, nephews and close relatives. His heart broke. He jumped from his chariot and fell at the feet of Krishna and said, “Krishna! I am seeing there, my grand fathers, fathers, brothers, sons and close relatives. Am I to kill all my people just to gain some land? Am I to eat the food mixed with blood? I prefer to beg and eat than killing my own people. I cannot fight this battle. (Note: Dear reader! Krishna pacifies Arjuna and teaches him why he has to fight this battle. The teachings of Krishna are popularly known by different names such as 1. A discussion between Krishna and Arjuna 2. Supreme knowledge 3. Yoga sastra and also as Bhagavad-Gita.

Bheeshma parvam 15 We are bringing out the great epic as ‘Bhagavad-Gita saram’ as a separate book. -Author) Bheeshma’s first day battle: Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! Both Kauravas and Pandavas assembled at Kurukshetra for a big fight, you tell me how the battle went on.” Sanjaya: “Bheema led Pandavas army and made a simhanadam inviting the enemy for a fight. Matching Bheema’s simhanadham, Dussasana, Durmukha, and others attacked Bheema with herds of elephants and horses and it immensely pleased Duryodhana. “Pandava princes fought with Kaurava princes with enthusiasm. Both Duryodhana and Dharmaraja incited their army and made them to fight bitterly with each other. Bheeshma and Arjuna fought with each other. fought with Krutavarma and wounded each other. Abhimanyu attacked . Each of them killed other’s charioteer. “Bheema who had dexterity in club, took bow and arrows and surprised both sides. Nakula fought with Dussasana. Sahadeva fought with Durmukhi. Dharmaraja fought with Selya and broke his bow. Drushtajyumna attacked Drona. Sahadeva fought with Bhurisrava and wounded him. Drushtaketu fought with Bahlika, (Bahlika is the brother of king Santena, the father of Bheeshma) Sikhandi fought with Aswadhama, Bhagadatta with Virata. Vikarna fought with Yudhama. Duryodhana protected Bheeshma: Sanjaya: “Your son sent Durmukha, Krupa, Krutavarma, Selya, Vivimsati to protect Bheeshma from all sides like

16 Mahabharatam Panchagnis. Bheeshma released arrows in all directions and killed a large number of army. Wherever Bheeshma fought, that area was filled with dead bodies. Many warriors could not face Bheeshma. At that time Abhimanyu attacked Bheeshma and reduced his killing rate. He broke Bheeshma’s bow and flag post. In the meanwhile Selya, Krutavarma, Durmukha and others came in support of Bheeshma. To control Abhimanyu, they instigated elephants and horses on him. Bheema came in support of Abhimanyu and wounded Krutavarma and Krupacharya. Satyaki and Drushtajyumna came in support of Bheema and killed elephants, horses and soldiers. Sanjaya: “After the sunset, both sides stopped fighting and went back to their barracks. Duryodhana and his brothers praised Bheeshma in several ways.

CHAPTER-2

Dharmaraja and others went to Krishna: Dhrutarashtra: “ It seems that the Pandavas lost heavily on the first day itself. What they did on that night?” Sanjaya: “Kauravas have established their superiority on the first day. Dharmaraja was greatly upset and went to Krishna with his brothers to consult him.” Dharmaraja: “Krishna! I know that Bheeshma is good a warrior but we never fought with him directly. Even devatas can’t defeat him. Only Bheema and Abhimanyu gave some resistance. All others were wounded severely. “I do not want to kill the kings who came to support us. Sooner or later Bheeshma kills every one of us. So I feel like calling off the war. All these years we were acting as per your advice and had all auspiciousness. So I came to you to seek your advice.”

Bheeshma parvam 17 Krishna: “Dharmaraja! Why are you timid and pessimistic? I too agree that Bheeshma is a great warrior. But you are not able to know how strong you are. Apart from your brothers Satyaki is a great hero. He alone can destroy all Kaurava army. Virata, Drupada and others are determined to make you an emperor on earth. Why do you pore water in their enthusiasm? At this stage if you call off and go to forest, people will laugh at you. Sikhandi is born to kill Bheeshma. Drushtajyumna was born to kill Drona; Why Drona alone? He can kill all Kaurava heroes. On hearing the words of Krishna, Dharmaraja became optimistic over the victory and encouraged Drushtajyumna. Dharmaraja: “Drushtajyumna! As I am aware of your valour. I made you our commander-in-chief. You join hands with my brothers and eliminate all the enemies and do justice for confidence imposed on you.” Drushtajyumna: “Dharmaraja! I don’t like self- boasting. I am born only to kill Drona. You yourself can judge from my performance from the way I fought with Bheeshma, Drona and others. Dharmaraja: Drushtajyumna! I am pleased with Your words. Krishna and other kings also had great faith in your leadership. Devaguru Bruhaspathi has advised to design a Krauncha Vyuha to win enemies. So you also form a Krauncha Vyuha. In that vyuha, Arjuna stood at its nose, Kuntibhoja and Saibja stood as two eyes. Drupada stood as its cap king Dasera, king Soorasena, Kirata king stood at its neck, Bheema and Drushtajyumna its two wings. Abhimanyu, Satyaki, Upa-Pandavas and others became feathers in it’s wings. Dharmaraja and others stood on neck.

18 Mahabharatam Bheeshma’s battle on the second day : Sanjaya: “Dhrutarashtra! Duryodhana saw the Krauncha Vyuha of Pandavas and encouraged his kings to attack enemy’s vyuha. “Dussasana, Vikarna, Vindu, Aruvindu, Susarma, Trigarta kings and their army on one side, Drona, king of kuntala, Daasarha, king Viderna and their army on the other side attacked the wings of Krauncha Vyuha of Pandavas. Both armies fought with enthusiasm. Bheeshma, covered corners of Pandavas side. Arjuna was annoyed at Bheeshma’s onslaught and said to Krishna. Arjuna: “Krishna! Look at Bheeshma’s enraged fight with our army. He thought there is no one to resist him. You see how I restrict his speed.’’ Krishna: “Arjuna! I am happy to hear your courageous words and determination to fight with Bheeshma. You should not go back from your word. Having gone there, you should not develop a cold feet by saying lame excuses like “How can I fight with my grandfather?” Drona, Selya, Duryodhana and others should astonish looking the fire in your arrows. This is the opportune time to show your strength of astras to your Pitamaha.’ ’ While the army of Sooradesa obstructed, Arjuna chased them and reached Bheeshma. At that time Drona released twenty arrows, Krupacharya five hundred, Vikarna three, Selya nine, Duryodhana sixty four arrows. Arjuna broke and fell them on ground. In spite of many inpediments Arjuna fought with Bheeshma and hurt him with twenty five arrows. He casted sixty on Drona, three arrows each on Krupacharya and Vikarna. Satyaki, Drushtajyumna, Abhimanyu and Upapa Pandavas came in support of Arjuna.

Bheeshma parvam 19 Sanjaya: “King! Duryodhana met Bheeshma and said angrily, “Pitamaha! While Arjuna was killing our heroes and army in front of you, why are you looking indifferently? I totally depended on you and keept Karna away from the battle. Is it fair on your part?” “Bheeshma was very much pained with the words of your son and put more fire in his arrows. Many Pandava army and heroes fell on ground. Arjuna also reacted ferociously on Bheeshma and killed many Kaurava heroes in front of his eyes. At that time, Vikarna from the left and Aswadhama on his right, guarded Bheeshma. From Pandavas side, all brothers of Arjuna came in support of him. In that combat many elephants and horses, were killed. Chariots, flag posts and bows were broken. Bheeshma released sharp arrows on Krishna and wounded him. Arjuna became angry and wounded the charioteer of Bheeshma. Many stopped fighting and looked at the fight of Bheeshma and Arjuna. They felt that even Indra can’t decide who is superior. The battle between Drushtajyumna and Drona: “Drona released several arrows on the charioteer of Drushtajyumna and wounded him. Drushtajyumna attacked with the sharp arrows on Drona and he broke them all into pieces. Kaurava army was happy and raised simhanadhams. They both exchanged Sakthi weapons on each other. Drona made Sakthi into pieces thrown on him. He broke several bows of Drushtajyumna. Then both fought with sword. Drushtajyumna became weak, Bheema came and continued fight with Drona. Looking at that, Duryodhana induced army on Bheema. Bheema, killed King Ketumanata with his club. Later he killed many elephants and horses. King of Kalinga and Srutayu could not fight with Bheema and ran away.

20 Mahabharatam Bheema kills Bhanumanta: “While Bheema was fighting Srutayu, his brother Bhanumanta attacked Bheema with a herd of elephants. Bheema, climbed the elephant by catching its trunks and killed Bhanumanta with a club and broke the head of his elephant. He lifted the dead elephant, spun in the air and threw it on the herd of elephants. They ran hither and thither killing Kalinga army. Bheema raged on Srutavarma and sent out sharp arrows. Srutavarma fainted and fell down. Bheema killed his guards Satyaki and Sahadeva made simhanadham. Bheeshma heard their simhanadham, and attacked Bheema. At the time Satyaki and Sikhandi went in support of Bheema and put a check on Bheeshma. Bheeshma wounded Bheema with a Sakthi weapon. Bheema was enraged and killed the charioteer of Bheeshma. The horses lost control and took Bheeshma away. In the mean while Selya, Krupa and Aswadhama attacked Drushtajyumna. He killed the horses of Aswadhama. Aswadhama boarded the chariot of Selya and fought. At the same time Abhimanyu went in support of Drushtajyumna. attacked with fifty arrows and wounded Abhimanyu. He took a strong bow and hit hard on Lakshmana. Duryodhana could not digest his son’s defeat in the hands of Abhimanyu and induced Bheeshma and Drona on Abhimanyu. Then Arjuna came in support of Abhimanyu and killed Kaurava army in a big way. Looking at the fury, Drona said to Bheeshma, “ Arjuna is lucky in having a charioteer, Krishna. Arjuna looked like Rudra in his fury”. Bheeshma’s third day’s battle: Next morning Bheeshma formed Garuda vyuha. In that vyuha, Bheeshma stood at the nose, Drona and Krutavarma

Bheeshma parvam 21 stood at both the eyes. Krupa, Aswadhama stood at its head. Trigartas, Bhurisrava, Bhagadatta, Bhoopathy and others stood at the neck point. Duryodhana and his brothers stood at its back. Others stood at other points. Arjuna saw the Kauravas formation of Garuda and asked Drushtajyumna to form a crescent Vyuha, Bheema, Pandya and Magha army on its left side, Virata, Drupada, Drushtaketu, King of Kasi and Karoora armies on the right side, Dharmaraja, Sikhandi, Drushtajyumna stood at the centre with the force of elephants. On the other side, Satyaki, Upa-Pandavas, Abhimanyu, and the king of Kekaya stood. Arjuna stood on the left side. Both sides gave signal to start the battle. Arjuna attacked Kaurava army and killed many heroes, their charioteers. This confusion prevailed for some time. After that the ground was full of dead bodies, broken limbs and flow of flash and blood. Bheema fought with Duryodhana: Duryodhana attacked on Bheema. He smiled at him and rained arrows on Duryodhana till he fainted. His charioteer took him away from Bheema. Then Bheema attacked Kaurava army. They could not flight with him and ran away. After some time Duryodhana recovered and abused his charioteer for taking him away from Bheema. He came back and saw that Kaurava army was fleeing with fear. Duryodhana went to Bheeshma and said, “Pitamaha! Out of love for Pandavas, you are not fighting with vigour. All the more, you are keeping silent when our army is running away with fear. Should you not bring all our enemies together? You ordered Karna not to fight till you are here. I had high hopes on you. Had you told me, I would not have depended on you. All became a dream for me”.

22 Mahabharatam Bheeshma: (with a smile) “Duryodhana! I told you in the beginning itself that even devatas cannot win Arjuna. How can this old man defeat him? However I shall do my best. You watch how I kill Pandavas army?”. Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! How did Bheeshma react to Duryodhana’s fury? Was there any impact.?” Sanjaya: “Dhrutarashtra! At that time it was midday. Bheeshma also released his arrows as hot as that of mid day’s sun. He fought with bitterly. Looking at Bheeshma’s fury, Kaurava army also got enraged. Bheeshma appeared in all corners and killed countless soldiers. The battlefield was filled with dead bodies, blood and flesh. Dharmaraja became nervous. Arjuna was tired. Looking at him, Krishna said “Arjuna! You told me on several occasions that you can defeat Bheeshma, Drona, Krupa and many others. Now that time has ripened. You should not lower yourself before them. Consolidate all your energy and make your dreams true”. Arjuna enrages on Bheeshma: By encouraging Arjuna, Krishna kept the chariot before Bheeshma. Bheeshma wounded Krishna, horses and Arjuna with sharp arrows. Arjuna retaliated by breaking the bow of Bheeshma. Before he took another bow, Arjuna wounded Bheeshma’s charioteer and horses. Arjuna broke the bow of Bheeshma one after the other. Inspite losing bows Bheeshma managed to wound Arjuna and Krishna. Krishna felt in himself, “Though this Bheeshma became old, his vigour remains intact. Arjuna fainted with wounds. I am also severely wounded. If I allow him to go in this way, Duryodhana’s dreams might come true. Now I take over the battle into my hands, by killing Bheeshma and crown Dharmaraja as the emperor on earth”.

Bheeshma parvam 23 “Arjuna was seriously wounded by Bheeshma. In the meanwhile Krutavarma, Krupacharya, Aswadhama, Bhurisrava and Jayadradha surrounded him with their chariots. Satyaki saw that Arjuna was surrounded by many Kaurava warriors and he went with the herds of elephants on them and tried to consolidate Pandava army. He kept his chariot between Bheeshma and Arjuna. Krishna said, “Satyaki! I don’t want to prolong this war. Now itself I will kill Bheeshma, Drona and others and conclude the war.” Krishna attacks Bheeshma with Chakrayudha: Krishna became furious. His face became red. He remembered chakrayudha. Immediately it came and got fixed in his finger. Krishna jumped from the chariot and ran towards Bheeshma. Bheeshma also got down from his chariot with folded hands and said, “Krishna! Parandhama! I am surrendering to you. You do whatever way you want. I consider that I am blessed”. In the mean while Arjuna jumped from the chariot, ran to Krishna, caught hold of him and prayed . Arjuna: Krishna! Leave your anger. You are the protector of Pandavas. You took a vow that you will not fight. If you don’t honour your vow, what will happen to Dharmaraja’s vitality and heroism? Don’t break your promise. You have sent Satyaki on Kauravas. You order me also to fight Kauravas. I have the strength of many astras; I am not invoking them because to protect innocent. I have the strength to face Bheeshma. You don’t overshadow my bravery and courage.” “Krishna was pleased with his devotion and the vow. He withdrew his anger. Krishna blew his conch Panchajanya. Immediately Arjuna blew his conch Devadattam. On hearing

24 Mahabharatam the sound of the conches, Krishna and Arjuna, both the armies made simhanadhams. Bheeshma, Bhurisrava, Selya, Duryodhana attacked Arjuna from all directions and used club, Sakthi and many other weapons. Confusion prevailed by attacking Arjuna from all sides, Arjuna released Indrastra. With the power of that , many soldiers, elephants, horses were killed. Chariots were broken. “Arjuna released powerful arrows on Bheeshma. Sanjaya : Dhrutarashtra! While they both were fighting, your sons surrounded Arjuna with enthusiasm. By that time, it was evening. So they stopped fighting and went to the barracks. Bheeshma, Drona and other elders noticed that Arjuna’s divine astra was responsible for the great disaster in Kaurava’s army. Krishna and others praised Arjuna’s valour in many ways. Bheeshma’s fourth day’s fight: Sanjaya: Dhrutarashtra! Next morning Bheeshma discussed the strategy with Duryodhana and other commanders. On the Pandava camp also, Arjuna got briefing from Dharmaraja, his brothers, Krishna and his commanders. Army, horses, elephants took position to attack each other. “Dhrutarashtra! Bheeshma wanted to concentrate on Arjuna. Hence he arranged Duryodhana, Drona, Vivimsati, Krupa, Somadatta, and Selya like a wall around him. So that none can reach Arjuna to support him, so that he could fight with Arjuna directly. A ferocious fight went on between Bheeshma and Arjuna. Both sent several divine astras on each other. No one was giving way to other. Army on both sides stopped fighting and watched the battle of Bheeshma-Arjuna. At that time, Abhimanyu broke the corridor and wounded all the seven warriors in a bid to reach Arjuna.

Bheeshma parvam 25 “King! Abhimanyu proved that nobody could match him in releasing arrows with the speed of mind and attacked many great warriors at a time. Arjuna saw that seven seasoned warriors surrounded Abhimanyu. Immediately he made a simhanadham and jumped by the side of Abhimanyu. Arjuna created an illusion with the power of an astra. That made an impression to all the seven warriors that Arjuna was fighting directly with them. Looking at that confusion Duryodhana ordered Krutavarma, Kekayas and thirty five thousand radhikas to kill Arjuna and Abhimanyu. Drushtajyumna went in support of Arjuna and wounded Krupa with three arrows, Selya with ten arrows, Krutavarma with one arrow. He killed Selya’s son Seshu, his charioteer and horses. Seshu’s death left Kaurava army in distress. Selya also was disturbed at the loss of his son. Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! Man power must bow its head before divine power. Though our army is bigger in the beginning, now it has been reduced considerably. Whereas Pandavas army is maintaining its strength. It is clear that Dharmaraja is the winner and my sons are losers.” Sanjaya: “King! What you said is correct. Many of our soldiers and kings are dead. I will tell you how the battle went on. While Selya was fighting with Drushtajyumna, Abhimanyu went in support of him. Duryodhana ordered Durmukha, Dusseha, Vikarna and others to attack Drushtajyumna. On another front, Nakula and Sahadeva fought with their own uncle Selya. He appreciated the skill and power of his nephews in their fight. “Bheema went and stood in front of Duryodhana and offered direct fight. Abhimanyu, Drushtajyumna also joined Bheema. On another front, Satyaki fought with Bheeshma and wounded each other. In the meanwhile another Yadava king Bhurisrava attacked Satyaki. Duryodhana and his brothers surrounded Satyaki in support of Bhurisrava.

26 Mahabharatam “Dhrutarashtra! Though all his brothers ran away, Duryodhana stood like a rock and wounded Bheema with sharp arrows. Bheema was severely wounded and fainted. Drushtajyumna and Abhimanyu ran in support of Bheema and wounded Duryodhana. Bheema recovered and fought Selya with sharp arrows. In the meanwhile, fourteen of your sons attacked Bheema. Bheema killed all of them. Bhagadatta attacked Bheema with herds of elephants. Ghatotkacha’s mystic fight: Enraged Kaurava army made simhanadhams in a big way. Ghatotkacha discussed the situation with Bheema, took his permission and did mystic war. He created huge elephant with four trunks and sat on it. Kaurava army had an illusion that Indra himself came on Iravata. He made his soldiers also sit on huge elephants. While Ghatotkacha was about to attack, Bhagadatta and Duryodhana obstructed him. They fought from the top of elephants. In that battle, Bhagadatta lost control on his elephant and it took him to far away place. While Ghatotkacha was about to attack Duryodhana, Bheeshma noticed it and said: Bheeshma: “Drona! This rakshasa is Bheema’s son Ghatotkacha. He is an expert in doing mystic war. He made Bhagadatta’s elephant run away. All our enemies are afraid of him. Now he is attacking Duryodhana. Unless we defuse his mystics, he may do harm to our king. Let us save our king” Bheeshma, Drona and other warriors went and stood in between Duryodhana and Ghatotkacha. They fought ferociously. Ghatotkacha’s strength was increasing. He made a big simhanadham. Bheeshma said, “Drona! The sun is setting Prakshasa’s strength will increase from now. So you declare to stop battle for the day’’

Bheeshma parvam 27 “Accordingly Drona made signals for stopping the war for that day. Both the armies stopped fighting and went back to barracks. Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! Though Bheeshma, Drona and others are undaunted warriors, how is that Pandavas are fighting them in a casual manner? Tell me why and how? Sanjaya: “King! Perhaps justice is on Pandavas side. This is truth. Whether you agree or not, your sons are unrighteous. predicted the victory of Pandavas long ago. You gave a deaf ear to him. You are to suffer for your sinful acts. “What you wanted to know has already asked by your son at the end of the fourth day’s battle you listen what, Bheeshma said to him, “Duryodhana! I told you this on several times. But you did not care to hear me. Krishna is on their side. Krishna means All Pervading Paramatma. Whoever knows this fact will never land in troubles”. As usual, Duryodhana did not relished his words and went away. Bheeshma’s fifth day’s fight: “Next morning Bheeshma planned Makara vyuham. Whereas Pandavas chose a Garuda vyuham. “Bheema entered the Makara vyuham and straight away attacked. Bheeshma with sharp arrows. Bheeshma became furious and rained powerful arrows on Bheema. At that time, Arjuna joined Bheema and attacked Bheeshma. Duryodhana : “Dronacharya! If you both stood up and show your vigour, even devatas cannot fight with you. Just to favour Pandavas, you both are not fighting seriously”. Drona: “King! I have not come across anyone who can defeat Arjuna. Since we have eaten your food all these years and since you are in troubles, we came to fight on your ride. We are prepared even to give up our lives. But I never told

28 Mahabharatam you that I can defeat Arjuna. His power is unlimited, whereas our power is limited”. Drona’s enraged war with Pandavas: “Satyaki attacked Drona, who released powerful arrows and wounded him. Still he withstood and gave a tough fight. In the meanwhile Bheeshma came in support of Drona. Abhimanyu and Upa-Pandavas joined in support of Satyaki. At that time Sikhandi twanged his bow and had driven away Kaurava army and attacked Bheeshma. Looking at Sikhandi, Bheeshma was impatient and went to another area. “Bheema and Bheeshma had a direct fight. Arjuna came in support of Bheema and fought with Bheeshma. At that time, Duryodhana came to fight with Bheema and instigated Kalinga elephants on him. Bheema killed several elephants with his cudgel. While elephants were enraged on Bheema. At that time all kaurava princes attacked Bheema. While Syndhava, and Dussasana also attacked Bheema, Dharmaraja sent Chedi, Kasa, and Karoosa armies in support of Bheema. The fight went on for a long time. Satyaki wounded Bheeshma seriously. Enraged Bheeshma killed Satyaki’s charioteer. Satyaki fell on ground. Dharmaraja shouted at Virata to go and shield Satyaki. Virata rushed to Bheeshma and supported Satyaki. Pandavas praised the bravery of Virata. While Arjuna was rushing to support of Virata, Aswadhama obstructed him and wounded Arjuna and Krishna. Abhimanyu fought with Lakshmana: “Lakshmana attacked Abhimanyu. Both fought for a long time. Lakshmana throw a Sakthi on Abhimanyu, he stopped it and injured Lakshmana. At that time Drona came to save and took him on his chariot.

Bheeshma parvam 29 Bhurisrava was fighting with Satyaki. Satyaki could not endure his fierce attack and went back. Satyaki’s son came and challenged Bhurisrava for a direct fight. In reply, Bhurisrava accepted his challenge and killed him. At the death of his son, Satyaki was enraged and killed Bhurisrava’s charioteer and horses. In return, Bhurisrava also killed Satyaki’s charioteer and horses. In this way, they both had to stand on ground and fight. Bheema rescued Satyaki, while Krupa picked up Bhurisrava. In the meanwhile the battle was stopped for the day and all of them went back to their barracks. Bheeshma’s sixth day battle: Next morning Pandavas planned Maraka vyuham. In return Bheeshma chose to fight with Krauncha vyuham. To make a beginning of the day’s fight, Bheema attacked Drona. Drona wounded Bheema severely. Bheema withstood the pain and killed the charioteer of Drona. Thereby Drona had to drive his chariot himself and fought. At that time Bheeshma went in support of Drona and driven away Kekaya army. However Bheema damaged by killing many of them. Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! All the kings on our side are valorous and still they are either defeated or killed. It is very surprising to me. If appears to me that, my son has purchased harm to himself. When he is distained to suffer, who can prevent it? . Of all said and done, my son is a sinful person. Sanjaya: “King! Now you are blaming Duryodhana. Are you not responsible for this big war? The seeds of your fall were sworn on the day of playing gambling itself. Now you stop repenting. You listen further happening. “Dhrutarashtra! While Bheema went on an expedition, he found many of your sons. Your sons also felt happy since they found Bheema alone. They all took a big army, surrounded

30 Mahabharatam Bheema and decided to kill him. At that time, Bheema asked his charioteer to wait and jumped from the chariot with his club. He spun it in the air; started breaking the heads of elephants, horses and killed our army indiscriminately. The ground was filled with dead bodies, blood and flesh. “Drushtajyumna came to know that Bheema was fighting alone; he stopped fighting with Drona and ran in support of Bheema and told, “Bheema! I came to support you. You kill whoever comes in your way. I will also kill as many”. Dussasana looked at them and said to his brothers and army, “This Drushtajyumna came to support Bheema. You kill both of them, before they receive more support”. In that melee the Kaurava army overpowered them. Drushtajyumna released ‘Pramohana’ astra. With the power of that astra all Kaurava army fainted and fell on the ground. Drona went and saw the princes and Kaurava army fainted. Immediately he released a ‘Pragna’ astra and made them recover from fainting. Dharmaraja sent Upa-Pandavas, Abhimanyu and five princes of Kekaya to support Bheema and Drushtajyumna. Drona attacked Drushtajyumna, killed his charioteer and broke the chariot. Drushtajyumna also killed the charioteer of Drona and broke his bow. In this manner, those thirteen warriors drove away Kaurava army and made a simhanadham. The fight between Drona and Drushtajyumna: “Drushtajyumna took another chariot and continued fight with Drona. Bheema also took another chariot and fought with Duryodhana. Upa-Pandavas, and Abhimanyu continued their fight with the brothers of Duryodhana. Bheema felt happy to have an opportunity to fight Duryodhana alone. He has decided to kill him then and there for insulting . “While Bheema was making mincemeat of Kaurava armies,

Bheeshma parvam 31 Duryodhana came and sent out sharp arrows on Bheema, and killed the horses and charioteer of Duryodhana. He filled the body of Duryodhana with sharp arrows. While he was profusely bleeding, Krupacharya came and took him in his chariot. However Bheema chased him for a long distance shouting, “Duryodhana! Don’t run away. I shall kill you. Did you not tried to fasten Krishna when he came to your sabha? Stop and fight, if you are courageous”. In the meanwhile it became evening and fighting stopped on both the sides. Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! Bheema beat my son till he fainted; he was insulted by reminding him all the wrongs he did for them. In spite of all these, why Duryodhana again came to the battlefield? I am not able to control my grief for all the insults he swallowed. What Duryodhana did after that?”

CHAPTER-3 Sanjaya: Dhrutarashtra! That night Duryodhana went to Bheeshma and said, “Pitamaha! In spite of your vyuhas, and hard work, Pandavas are gaining ground. You have seen how Bheema insulted me. I fully depended on you for a victory. My hopes are becoming day dreams. Even devatas can’t rout you. Then where are we going wrong? What is the reason for Pandavas success?” Bheeshma: (with a smile) “Had I ever shown leniency on any one of our ermines? Are you not a witness to it? Then why are you blaming me? However great hero one may be, he could not stand before me and fight. I also said many times that nobody can vanquish Pandavas. However I am fighting tooth and nail for securing victory for you since I ate your food. In future also, I shall work in the same way.Get rid of distress.”

32 Mahabharatam Bheeshma’s seventh day’s fight: Duryodhana was cooled down by Bheeshma’s words. Bheeshma planned crescent vyuha on the seventh day. Whereas Pandavas countered it with vyuha, Arjuna said to Krishna, “Look how I am going to disorder Bheeshma’s vyuha”. By saying so, Arjuna dashed into Kauravas army and made them all pell- mell. He rained arrows all around. All Kaurava army went behind Bheeshma for protection. Duryodhana admonished all those, by saying “While Bheeshma alone is struggling to face Arjuna, why are you not helping him?” “Drona and Virata fought with each other and wounded their charioteers and killed horses. Drona himself was wounded with two sharp arrows from Virata. When Drona released powerful astras, Virata took the chariot of his son and ran away. “Aswadhama fought ferociously with Sikhandi. He killed Sikhandi’s charioteer and horses. Sikhandi jumped from the chariot and fought with sword for some time and then went to some other field. The battle between Drushtajyumna and Duryodhana: “Drushtajyumna rained arrows on Duryodhana and broke his bow. Before he took another bow, he killed Duryodhana’s charioteer and broke the chariot also. Sakuni came and took Duryodhana in his chariot. Krutavarma attacked Bheema,who rained several arrows on his body and wounded him. Bheema broke his chariot and made him to leave on somebody’s chariot. Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! All the kings are heroes in our side, but they are being killed or get killed. Why it is happening? How there was no human loss on Pandavas side? Tell me what is the mystery behind it?”

Bheeshma parvam 33 Sanjaya: “King! There is no one to blame. Both the sides are fighting ferociously. Yudhamanyu fought with Anuvinda. Bhagadatta attacked with elephants on Yudhamanyu. At that time, Ghatotkacha obstructed the elephant herds. Then a fierce fight took place between Ghatotkacha and Bhagadatta. Krutavarma attacked Bheema in a pompous manner. Bheema wounded him severely and broke his chariot into pieces. Nakula and Sahadeva fought their uncle Selya. He not only enjoyed the way in which they are fighting but also appreciated their skill. In that severe attack Selya fell in the chariot and fainted. His charioteer took him away. Dharmaraja fought with Sruteyu. Chekitanu fought with Krupacharya. Krupa broke the chariot of Chekitanu. He stood on ground, fought with Krupa and severely wounded him. Drushtajyumna delivered ninety arrows on Bhurisrava,who killed the charioteer and horses of Chekitanu. Abhimanyu fought with Dussasana, Chitrasena and Vikarna. Abhimanyu destroyed all the three chariots and wounded Dussasana severely and made them to faint. Bheeshma and some other kings came and took him away. Arjuna: Krishna! Bheeshma and many kings are going towards Abhimanyu. So you put the chariot before Bheeshma. Arjuna fought with Bheeshma and supported Abhimanyu. Arjuna fought a fierce battle with Bheeshma in front of Duryodhana and Syndhava. Bheema, Nakula and Sahadeva came in support of Arjuna. At that time Bheeshma fought with Pandavas army. Suddenly Sikhandi came and attacked Bheeshma. Looking at Sikhandi, Bheeshma turned his face and went to another field. Selya released an Agneyastra on Sikhandi and he deactivated it with a Varunastra. When Dharmaraja attacked Bheeshma, he broke the chariot and bow of Dharmaraja. At that time Bheema came and fought with on

34 Mahabharatam Bheeshma. Jayadraradha and Duryodhana went in support of Bheeshma. Bheema killed the horses and broke the chariot of Jayadradha. In this manner, the battle went on till the evening and the fighting stopped for the day. Bheeshma’s eight day fight: “Next morning both the sides reached battlefield with enhanced enthusiasm. Bheeshma planned Koorma vyuha whereas Drushtajyumna planned Srunekataka vyuha. Sanjaya : “Dhrutarashtra maharaja! Your son Sunabha attacked Bheema. Bheema killed him with one arrow. Looking at the horror, seven of his brothers went and dashed against Bheema. He killed all the seven at ease and had a hearty laugh. Oh king! It seems Bheema is fulfilling his vows made in Kurusabha. What Vidura said is coming true.” “Duryodhana went to Bheeshma and said, “Pitamaha! Bheema killed my seven brothers in front of you. In spite of that, you are behaving uncaringly. You did not even try to protect them. Are you wishing that all my brothers are to die in this manner?” Bheeshma was hurt with of Duryodhana’s words and said, “Duryodhana! Your brothers went directly to fight with Bheema, only to die. No one can save them. Now we can’t feel sorry for them”. Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya!Even devatas can’t defeat Bheeshma and Drona. Though they are fighting on our side, so many of my sons are dying. I warned Gaandhari long back these calamities would happen. Nobody cared to listen to me. Now all those things are becoming true. Now you tell me how Bheeshma and Drona had reacted for the death of my sons.” Sanjaya: “Dhrutarashtra! Bheeshma was hurt with Duryodhana’s words and jumped on Bheema with fury.

Bheeshma parvam 35 Dharmaraja was afraid and sent. Drushtajyumna to support Bheema. Duryodhana also dispatched several radhikas to protect Bheeshma from Sikhandi. However Arjuna kept Sikhandi on his chariot and fought with these radhikas. In that severe battle, innumerable warriors and animals were killed. Iravanta killed all the six brothers of Sakuni. Duryodhana engaged Alambasa against Iravanta. They both fought many mystic wars. Alambasa created many herds of horses, incited on Iravanta and jumped into the sky. From there, he rained stones and swords. However bravely Iravanta fought, ultimately he was killed in the hands of Alambasa and made Duryodhana happy. “With the death of his brother, Ghatotkacha enraged and killed a large number of Kaurava combatants and animals. At that time, Duryodhana incited two more demons, Vijudjihma, Bahveasi, on Ghatotkacha. They filled Ghatotkacha’s body with arrows and wounded him. There was a fierce battle between Duryodhana and Ghatotkacha. Ghatotkacha threw a Sakthi weapon on Duryodhana and made a simhanadham. On hearing Ghatotkacha’s simhanadham, Bheeshma alerted a few kings to go and protect Duryodhana. “At the command of Bheeshma, Drona and others bounced on Ghatotkacha and wounded him. He suffered unbearable pain and jumped into the sky. Bheema went and fought with Drona. Then Duryodhana released sharp arrows on Bheema. Bheema could not withstand the pain and fell down. UpaPandavas and Abhimanyu went in support of Bheema and fought with Duryodhana. After some time Bheema recovered and released powerful arrows on Drona,who fainted for a while, recovered and

36 Mahabharatam continued to fight with Bheema. However, Drona felt tired and became restless. So Aswadhama went in support of his father, Drona. The mystics of Ghatotkacha: Ghatotkacha created mystic bodies of Drona, Duryodhana and Aswadhama and put before Kaurava armies. When kaurava army saw the bodies and believed that Duryodhana was dead and thought that the war is closed and Pandavas won the battle. They all started moving to their barracks, Bheeshma understood that it was nothing but an illusion created by Ghatotkacha. He tried to convince the army and to bring them back to the battle but he could not succeed. He called Bhagadatta, praised his valour and told him, “These are all the mystics of Ghatotkacha. You only can control him. So you kill him and bring back confidence from their illusion”. Bhagadatta went and fought with Pandava army with an enhanced enthusiasm. Sanjaya : “Maharaja! Ghatotkacha, rode a big elephant, opposed Bhagadatta. Abhimanyu, Upa-Pandavas were behind Ghatotkacha. A fierce battle took place. “While Arjuna was fighting Kaurava army, Bheema went and said in his ears that Iravanta was dead and took him to Iravanta’s body. On seeing his body, Arjuna wept bitterly. When Krishna smiled at him; Arjuna felt shy and said, “Krishna! You told me the secret about life and death. I am leaving my delusion. Let us go and fight”. By saying so, they both sat in the chariot and fought with Bhagadatta. Satyaki fought with Krutavarma. Bheema fought with Drona. The fight went on in a big way. When the evening time came, they stopped fighting and went to their tents. “Duryodhana entered his residence and sent a messenger to bring Dussasana, Karna and Sakuni. Bheeshma parvam 37 Duryodhana: “Karna! I doubt if Bheeshma, Drona, Aswadhama and Krupacharya are fighting with a partisan attitude towards Pandavas. They are not even killing the army of Pandavas. Our army is reduced day by day. We will have to do something to avert this situation.” Karna: “Your doubt has some basis. I have no faith in Bheeshma. You ask Bheeshma to withdraw and stop fighting. I shall get into the battlefield and kill all Pandavas. My way of war should put a control on Pandavas’s aggression.” Duryodhana: “Dussasana! Have you listened Karna’s words? Let us go and tell Bheeshma to retire and withdraw from the fighting.” Accordingly,Duryodhana went to Bheeshma’s residence, prostrated at his feet and said: Duryodhana: “Pitamaha! I depended more on your valour, while developing enemity with Pandavas. After the commencement of war, we have an apprehension that you are showing a partisan attitude towards Pandavas. You are deliberately leaving them without killing. This is my observation on many occasions. You are not inclined even to hurt them. So you better retire and stop fighting. Even devatas can’t win you. But you have not even made a wound on Arjuna, for the past eight days. Past is past. I am requesting you to allow Karna to join the fighting. “Bheeshma became spell-bound with the words of Duryodhana. His words pierced into his heart like spears and said, Bheeshma: Duryodhana! At the time of burning of Khandava vana, Indra came with all his army and attacked

38 Mahabharatam Arjuna. He fought Indra and his divine army and won. He performed a severe tapasya and pleased Siva and got Pasupatastra. He also secured many divine astras. You, your brothers and Karna had a death blow at the hands of and became their prisoners. Arjuna only released you from captivity. In your recent expedition on Gograhnam, Arjuna alone fought with us and took back the cows. At that time, all your heroes were with you. What did they did for you? I am fighting with such a heroism for the past eight days. Today I am pained to hear your harsh words. You have committed several atrocities on Pandavas and developed enemity with them. From today, you yourself lead the war and win. I will appreciate your virility. “Duryodhana! Listen carefully. I can’t kill Arjuna. I will not fight Sikhandi. I assured you I will exhibit all my strength in killing others. I shall decimate Drupada, Virata, Yadava and other armies. You and your friends take the responsibility to kill Pandavas. You came at this late night and wounded me. Will it secure a victory for you? Tomorrow you come and watch my valour.’’ “Duryodhana was happy with Bheeshma’s words and went back to his residence.” Bheeshma’s ninth day’s fight: Duryodhana: Dussasana! Our Pitamaha has assured me last night that he would kill the army of Drupada, Virata and Yadava. Eight days were passed away. Now we have to go all out. Pitamaha told even before we started the war that he would not fight with Sikhandi. Today he confirmed it again. So you be vigilant and watch Sinner sikhndi with thousand eyes. He should not be seen anywhere near Pitamaha. Whereever you find, you chase him like a mad dog. Not only that, you keep twenty two thousand radhikas around Pitamaha.

Bheeshma parvam 39 “Next morning Bheeshma planned a Sarvatobhandra vyuha. Pandavas also planned to thrash the security belt around Bheeshma. Arjuna ordered Drushtajyumna to put Sikhandi in front of Bheeshma. They stood around him. Satyaki and Virata stood on his right side. Abhimanyu, Drupada, Kekaya, Nakula and Sahadeva were on his left side. Behind him, Dharmaraja staood. Behind Dharmaraja were Chekitanu and bhoja. By the side of Sikhandi, Bheema on one side and Arjuna on the other side were arrayed. Alambasa fights with Abhimanyu: Duryodhana: “Alambasa! This Abhimanyu has become another Arjuna. You should kill him as early as possible.” Alambasa took his rakshasa soldiers chased Pandavas army. Fear driven Pandava army ran here and there. Upa- Pandavas attacked Alambasa. After some time Abhimanyu joined Upa-Pandavas. Abhimanyu was a great archerer, whereas Alambasa was good in mystic wars. Alambasa created darkness all over the sky. Abhimanyu cleared the sky with Suryastra. The arrows of Abhimanyu pierced his sensitive organs. So Alambasa could not bear the pain and ran away. Abhimanyu created a panic among Kaurava armies. To control him Bheeshma himself came to fight. Arjuna stood by the side of Abhimanyu and supported him. Krupa and Drona came running to cover Bheeshma. While Aswadhama was also rushing towards Bheeshma, Satyaki obstructed him. They fought for a long time. Aswadhama fainted and fell down. After some time he recovered and severely wounded Satyaki. Fight between Arjuna and Drona: In another front, Drona and Arjuna fought ferociously.

40 Mahabharatam Duryodhana induced the king of Agarta, and his sons to support Drona. Arjuna released vayuvastra and created a wind with great velocity by which those armies were washed away with the wind. Duryodhana, Krupa, Selya and Bahlika went to attack Arjuna. He released another new divine astra and wounded them severely. Sakuni and Dussasana stood in support of Bheeshma: “Duryodhana deputed Dussasana to support Bheeshma with a big army. Nakula and Sahadeva obstructed Dussasana. Duryodhana ordered ten thousand horsemen to attack Nakula and Sahadeva to disturb Pandava army. Then Dharmaraja also sent ten thousand horseman in support of Nakula. In this manner a big melee had been created. “Bheeshma, Selya, Drona killed Pandava armies. Bheema and Arjuna went in support of their army. In that big fight, Bheeshma hit Dharmaraja, Bheema, Nakula and Sahadeva with sharp arrows. At that time, huge number of Pandava army encircled Bheeshma and Drona but Drona restricted Bheema, Satyaki and their army. Then Bheeshma became enraged and killed many warriors of Pandava army. Krishna: Arjuna! Look at Bheeshma! What a valour! What an energy! He is driving away all Pandava armies by himself. Should you not restrict his speed? If you keep silent, all kings will laugh at you. Did you not told Sanjaya at upaplavyam that you would defeat Bheeshma? Why are you dejected and sitting lifeless? Battlefield is the right place for fulfilling your vows.’’ Arjuna: “Krishna! All are my relatives in the opposite camp. We are killing them one by one. Shortly Kuru family itself will perish. After killing everyone, what do I do with such a kingdom? What comforts I enjoy after killing all my

Bheeshma parvam 41 people? That is why, my mind is not permitting me to kill any more. Even today I swear that I can defeat Bheeshma. Keep the chariot before Bheeshma. I will prove what I vowed.’’ Krishna drove the chariot before Bheeshma. Arjuna fought with enhanced vigour. Bheeshma was enraged and released powerful arrows on Arjuna, Krishna and on horses. Arjuna and Krishna were bleeding profusely. They could not bear the pain. Yet,Arjuna broke the bow of Bheeshma,who took another bow and wounded Arjuna and Krishna again and again. Bheeshma gradually increased the power of arrows. Krishna observed the sufferings of Arjuna and at the same time the passion of Bheeshma. Krishna became furious. He jumped on to the ground. Krishna went to kill Bheeshma: Looking at the fury of Krishna the earth quaked. The Diggajas holding the earth shivered. Devatas were alarmed. Krishna jumped upon Bheeshma. Sanjaya : “Dhrutarashtra maharaja! By looking at Krishna’s fury and outburst, all our soldiers lost their strength and courage. All their faces became pale and said, “Bheeshma is dead”. Bheeshma : “Virtuous Krishna! Come soon. I am privileged to die in your hands and bless me with eternal glory in this world and superior lokas in the other world”. While Bheeshma started praising Krishna in several ways, Arjuna jumped from the chariot, ran to Krishna, caught hold of him and requested, Arjuna : “Krishna! don’t forget your vow. Don’t kill Bheeshma. You keep up your word and come back. People will blame you. After a long battle, I took some rest. Is it my crime? Please come back and sit on chariot. Virtuous person

42 Mahabharatam like you will not tarnish the self respect of those who are under your protection!” On hearing Arjuna’s appeal, Krishna became calm and went back and sat on his chariot. Bheeshma made a simhanadham and resumed the raining of arrows on Arjuna and Krishna. Though Krishna and Arjuna were tired, Bheeshma did not slow down his onslaught. In the meanwhile darkness prevailed after sunset. Hence both sides stopped fighting and went back to their barracks. Sanjaya : “Dhrutarashtra maharaja! All your sons were happy with the performance of Bheeshma and praised him. After the ninth day battle, Dharmaraja became restless. He went to Krishna and said, Dharmaraja: “Krishna! Today’s performance of Bheeshma has watered on all my hopes. Before the war, I was confident that we could win Bheeshma. I confess, I did not judged him. When all my relatives die in the battle, why I need this kingdom? What I will do with this land, without my people? I don’t want this kingdom. Because I played gambling, myself and brothers underwent many difficulties. Now I can’t sacrifice my brothers to Bheeshma’s fury. If we are alive, we can see each other. We will go again to forests and do tapasya. If you are kind, tell me some way to get out of this problem. Krishna: “Dharmaraja! You made a vow that you will win the battle. That will never go untrue. You are underestimating the valour of your brothers. Nobody can defeat them. So distress will not entrance your glory. All the more, I am acting as your minister. I shall secure your kingdom and restore the past glory. You leave confusion. Had Arjuna would have not stopped me, I would

Bheeshma parvam 43 have killed Bheeshma. Even now, advise him not to stop me. I will kill all Kauravas army, why Bheeshma alone?” “I am a friend and relative of Arjuna. He is also my disciple. I will do everything for his wellbeing. Our friendship is inseparable. To fulfill the vow he made when Sanjaya came to upaplavyam and my reply to Ulooka, I would have killed all Kauravas today. We both are committed to our vows.’’ Dharmaraja: Krishna! You said that you will help me without touching a weapon. How can I make you an untruthful person For mysake? Had you used weapon, you would have remained an untruthful person. “Krishna! Between me and Bheeshma, there is an understanding. He said he would fight on behalf of Kauravas, but he always wish for my wellbeing. He said, “You only will win the battle and become the king”. When I asked him” how to win”, he said” you come some other time”. Today we are prepared even to kill such an affectionate grandfather. Look, how cruel is Kshatriya dharma ?” Krishna understood from Dharmaraja’s words that he was inclined to see Bheeshma. He said to Dharmaraja: Krishna: “You want to meet Bheeshma? That is a good idea. Now itself you meet and surrender to him. He will makes you as an emperor for the entire land. You ask him the way “ How to win him”. His father gave him a boon of “death at his will” (Ichamaranam) So he will tell you the secret of his death. You go and prostrate at his feet. Stand by his side with obidence and devotion.” Dharmaraja went to Bheeshma with his brothers and Krishna. Bheeshma was pleased and enquired each of them by name and their wellbeing. At the end he asked them all, “You tell me what do you want from me?”

44 Mahabharatam Dharmaraja: “Pitamaha! By what way we can get back our kingdom without losing much of our army? Tell me the way.” Bheeshma: “Dharmaraja! As long as I fight, you are bound to lose your army. Unless you kill me, you won’t get back your kingdom.” Dharmaraja: “Pitamaha! Nobody can get rid of you in a battle. We came here to seek your kindness. You yourself tell us the way how we can remove you.” Bheeshma: “What you said is true. As long as I hold a bow, even devatas can’t defeat me. So I will tell you the way how to kill me. Since all of you came and requested my help, how could I disappoint you? Dharmaraja, any one can kill me when I don’t hold a weapon. I will tell you when I throw away the weapons. I made a vow. i.e., I do not fight 1. With a person who doesn’t wear a shield 2. Those, who don’t hold a weapon 3. Those, who lower their flag 4. Those, who don’t have brothers 5. Those, who don’t have children 6. I don’t fight those who are a female at the time of birth and develop masculinity subsequently. “So I will tell a clue. Sikhandi, the son of Drupada, belongs to the sixth category. So Arjuna is to keep him in front of me and at the time when I put down the bow, anybody can kill me. After me, it is not difficult for you to rout Duryodhana and others. In this way, you could win the battle. Now you all can go.” “Dharmaraja and others took leave from Bheeshma and went to their barracks. Arjuna was unhappy to kill Bheeshma in a deceitful way and said to Krishna. Arjuna: “Krishna! My conscious is not permitting to kill Bheeshma in a deceitful way. In my childhood, he used to play

Bheeshma parvam 45 with me. He used to tell the virtuous qualities of my father Panduraju. He is an elderly statesman, apart from being a virtuous person. I prefer to lose the battle, rather than killing him.’ Krishna: “Arjuna! You are to kill Bheeshma directly or indirectly. In short You are born to kill Bheeshma.’ ’ “Long ago Bruhaspati advised Indra that a king is to kill his enemy even in a deceitful way to rule his country. Now Bheeshma is fighting with you. So he is your enemy. You entered the battle field to kill the enemy. You made a vow in the presence of many kings, that you will defeat Bheeshma. You know it well that killing an enemy is the duty of a king and not a cruel act. If you now go back from your vow, people will laugh at you.” Arjuna: “Krishna! Brahma has created Sikhandi to kill Bheeshma. How it will become untrue?. I shall keep Sikhandi in front of me. On seeing Sikhandi, Bheeshma will stop fighting. Then Sikhandi will kill Bheeshma and I shall protect Sikhandi from others. Thus Bheeshma will be killed by Sikhandi.’ ’ Krishna: (with hearty laugh) “Arjuna! Except you no one else can kill Bheeshma. It is a divine dictate. You can not alter it. You get ready for the battle. There you will understand everything.” Bheeshma’s tenth day fight: “Next morning Sikhandi stood in front of Pandava army. On both sides of Bheema and Arjuna stood. On their back Abhimanyu and UpaPandavas stood. Dharmaraja, Drushtajyumna were guarding in front row, keeping Nakula, Sahadeva on both the sides. Virata, Drupada, Kekaya stood at appropriate positions.

46 Mahabharatam “On Kauravas side, Bheeshma stood in front. Drona and Aswadhama stood on his sides. Duryodhana, Krupa and Krutavarma stood in front. Both the armies stout heartily clashed with each other. Bheeshma killed thousands of combatants like mrutyu. Kaurava armies were raising simhanadhams. Sikhandi saw Bheeshma and released three arrows on him. On seeing Sikhandi, Bheeshma turned his face and said: Bheeshma: Sikhandi! You were born as a daughter to king Drupada. Afterwards you became a son. I don’t release arrows on a woman like you. Even though, you release arrows on me I give my back but will not fight. This is my vow. I only pity for your birth. With out fury, how can I fight? Sikhandi: Bheeshma! You are equal to your guru Parasurama. Your glory is spread all over the world. Why are you going back from me? What does it matter for you whether I am a man or a woman? Don’t look at my form. Don’t try to escape from me. Today I will kill you. “By saying so, Sikhandi issued fourteen sharp arrows. Arjuna wondered how Sikhandi could speak so many words and thought that Bheeshma’s life has come to an end. Arjuna encourages Sikhandi on Bheeshma: Arjuna: Sikhandi! Why are you wasting time?. You came to fight with that great hero you fight. We stand by your side. By that time Arjuna was preparing, Bheeshma went to fight the Panchala army. At that time, Arjuna also led Pandava army and fought. Kaurava army could not fight with Arjuna and ran away. Looking at the poor performance of Kaurava army, Duryodhana went to Bheeshma and said: Duryodhana: “Pitamaha! In front of your eyes, our army is running away with fear. You are looking at them

Bheeshma parvam 47 indifferently. May I know how this distress happened to our army?” Bheeshma: “Duryodhana! I gave a word to you that I kill ten thousand warriors even before the war started, I killed more than ten thousand and thus I fulfilled my vow. Having eaten your food all these years, I repaid my debt. I am losing my strength day by day. Looking at today’s fighting, I am desperate to kill Pandavas or even Pandavas might kill me. Pandavas have the power and blessings of devatas, whereas I am only an ordinary human. If I have an opportunity to kill them, I will not hesitate to do that.’’ A ferocious war took place between Kaurava and Pandava armies. At that time Arjuna said to Sikhandi: Arjuna: “Sikhandi! Are you afraid of Bheeshma? Today we have to kill him at any cost. Be brave and send out sharp arrows on him, until he threw away weapons. I stand by your side. I also put arrows whenever he picks up the bow. So you give a tough fight.’’ Drushtajyumna understood Arjuna’s mind, and engaged all Pandava warriors and ordered them to encircle Bheeshma and made simhanadhams. On hearing simhanadhams from Drushtajyumna, Dharmaraja, Nakula, Sahadeva, Abhimanyu and Upa-Pandavas rushed to Bheeshma in a hurry. “Arjuna and Sikhandi put their chariot before Bheeshma. But Dussasana, Aswadhama, Bhurisrava, Krutavarma and Krupacharya obstructed them. Dussasana shot hundred arrows on Arjuna and Krishna. Arjuna broke them and hit a powerful arrow on Dussasana. He fell down and fainted. “Then razed an individual fight between Satyaki and Alambasa; Abhimanyu and Bhagadatta; Virata and

48 Mahabharatam Aswadhama; Nakula and Vikarna; Ghatotkacha and Durmuka; Bheema and Bhurisrava; Chekitesa and Chitrasena; Dharmaraja and Drona; the battle went on for a long time. Drona and Aswadhama protects Bheeshma: “Drona obstructed Arjuna and made a fierce battle for a long time. Dharmaraja came and fought with Drona and released Arjuna. Drona fought with Dharmaraja for some time and called his son Aswadhama and said, “My son! I am not able to hold the bow firmly. I am not remembering . The arrows are not reaching the targets. Looking at Arjuna’s form, I am afraid he might kill Bheeshma today. I am also observing bad omens on our side. All these bad omens are indicating to me that an elderly statesman might leave his body. I am also seeing fury in the face of Dharmaraja, Nakula, Sahadeva and others. I am not in a position to fight them. Sikhandi is rushing towards Bheeshma. So you go and stand on the left side of Bheeshma and protect him.” ‘‘By the time Aswadhama went to protect Bheeshma, Arjuna and Sikhandi were fighting with Bheeshma. Arjuna was seriously trying to kill Bheeshma. To make Arjuna’s hands free, Bheema drove away all Kaurava armies far away. Bheema was fighting with Bhagadatta, Krupa, Selya, Syndhava, Chitrasena, Vinda, Anuvinda and others. Looking at it, Duryodhana sent ten more kings on Bheema and Arjuna. They killed those ten kings also. Abhimanyu and several other Pandava warriors joined in support of Arjuna. Bheeshma became furious by looking at Pandavas valour and rained sharp arrows and killed hundreds of Pandava soldiers. “At that time, Bheeshma was vexed with killings and said to himself, “I am fighting for the last ten days. I killed thousands

Bheeshma parvam 49 of people. I feel it is high time for me to leave this body”. He drove his chariot towards Dharmaraja and whispered to him, “Dharmaraja! Ever since my childhood, I killed several kings and countless army. I am fed up with this cruel life. If you want to do me a favour, come with Sikhandi and kill me. Don’t delay. Do this favour to me”. By saying so, he went towards Panchala army for fighting. “At that time, Dharmaraja said to Drushtajyumna “Have you not heard the words of Bheeshma? You come with all our heros and attack Bheeshma. Tell Arjuna to concentrate on Bheeshma with Sikhandi till he fell down. Drushtajyumna took the hint from Dharmaraja and asked the king of Mastya and Kekeya to fight Bheeshma. When they were hesitant, he told them that “Bheema, Arjuna also will join you” and made them to fight against Bheeshma. Duryodhana saw the mass attack on Bheeshma and sent all his brothers to defend. Duryodhana induced herds of elephants on Pandava army. Bheema killed many of them and the rest ran way. Arjuna attacked Bheeshma. Which looked like fighting two lions. Then Bhagadatta came on a big elephant to fight with Arjuna. Arjuna killed the elephant with sharp arrows. Bhagadatta jumped from the elephant and attacked Dharmaraja. In that confusion nobody knew who was fighting with whom. Arjuna took Sikhandi on his chariot and asked him to release sharp arrows Bheeshma. While Sikhandi was attacking Bheeshma, Arjuna dispersed all Kaurava army away from Bheeshma. There was a big commotion previled at that time. Sanjaya : “Dhrutarashtra maharaja! All Kaurava armies were driven away from Bheeshma and Sikhandi intensified his attack on Bheeshma till he dropped his low. Blood was

50 Mahabharatam dreined out from Bheeshma’s chest like a stream. However Bheeshma did not expressed any angigh; on the contrary, he smiled and continued his fight with Arjuna. It is a providence that none from Kauravas were able to go anywhere near Sikhandi. Even at that time, Dussasana was able to fight with Arjuna and not with Sikhandi. Looking at that grave situation, Duryodhana ordered Kalinga, Malava, Bahlika and Videsha kings to go in support of Bheeshma. Arjuna, driven them away with divine astras and destroyed their armies. This gave Sikhandi enough time to strike Bheeshma again and again. At that time Dussasana, Krupa, Selya, Vivimsati and Vikerna stood in front of Bheeshma. Arjuna released divine astras on them and broke their chariots. Duryodhana became furious on Arjuna and attacked him with his brothers. At that time Bheeshma was about to release Brahmastra, Sikhandi went in front of him. Immediately he threw away the bow and arrow. Bheeshma kills Sataneeka: Sataneeka, brother of Virata, attacked Bheeshma and wounded him. Bheeshma became angry and removed Sataneeka’s head with a spear. At the death of Sataneeka, all the army of Virata ran away from the field. Krishna : “Arjuna! Bheeshma killed Sataneeka, with that all Virata’s armies ran away. Now the field is clear to attack Bheeshma. Rush with Sikhandi and kill Bheeshma. Don’t waste time”. Taking Krishna’s advice, Arjuna rushed with Sikhandi and attacked Bheeshma. Sikhandi covered Bheeshma with powerful arrows. Selya and others rushed to support Bheeshma. Bheema, Satyaki, Abhimanyu obstructed Selya and others, this leaving grand free for Sikhandi. Sikhandi broke the bow of Bheeshma and hit sharp arrows on his chest. By the time Bheeshma took another bow, he broke

Bheeshma parvam 51 that also. While getting wounds from Sikhandi, Bheeshma threw Sakthi weapon on Arjuna. Arjuna destroyed that Sakthi weapon and broke his chariot. Bheeshma thought in himself, “Krishna is protecting Pandavas. If Krishna was not there, I could have destroyed all their army. I told them the stratagem of winning me. I am fed up of killing people. Sataneeka is the last of them. Arjuna came with Krishna with a hope of killing me. Let him do his job”. Sanjaya : Dhrutarashtra! While he was thinking, a voice was heard from the sky, “You have taken the right decision. Come soon and join us”. This voice was heard by Bheeshma and Vyasa maharishi only. With the blessings of maharishi, I (Sanjaya) also heard. Bheeshma decided not to do any more fighting. However he kept the bow in hand fixed with an arrow. At that time Arjuna hit with hard arrows in all parts of his body. But the arrows released by Bheeshma did not reach its targets. Bheeshma: “Dussasana! The arrows of Arjuna are hitting my body like thunderbolts. Sikhandi can’t have this much powerful astras. These astras hit all my sensitive organs. They are pulling out my life as if Yamadootas pulls out life. With the speed and sharpness of the arrows, all my body is burning. I am sure Arjuna only can release such powerful astras. He kept Sikhandi in front of him only as a doll. While talking with Dussasana, Bheeshma throw a Sakthi weapon on Arjuna. Arjuna escaped from it, pulled out the sword and shield from Bheeshma’s hand and made a simhanadham. He exited all his warriors “attack Bheeshma. Don’t get frightened. I am with you”. With his words, Pandavas army attacked Bheeshma with arrows, and he fell down. Arjuna had driven away Kaurava army away from Bheeshma’s chariot.

52 Mahabharatam Bheeshma was laid down on a bed of arrows: Bheeshma an unopposed great hero was felled. Countless number of arrows were planted in his body. His body looked splendorous with divinity. The arrows from his body were not removed as he does not want to touch the ground. At that time a voice was heard, “Virtuous! Why are you leaving the body while the sun is moving from north to south (Dakshinayanam)?” Bheeshma heard their voice and said, “! I am aware that it is Dakshinayanem. That is why I am holding this body on arrows till the sun starts moving from south to north (Uttarayanam). My father has given me two boons. 1. Nobody can kill me. 2. I will die only when I wanted it. So my death is at my will”. His mother also sent some maharishis in the form of swans to inform him, that it was Dakshinayanam. Drona fell down and fainted on hearings Bheeshma’s. He recovered after some time and went to Bheeshma. By that time darkness spread all over. Sanjaya: “Maharaja! In Pandavas camp, they celebrated the occasion, whereas in the camp of Kauravas, they were all drowned in an ocean of grief. Dhrutarashtra: “Sanjaya! I have a feeling that I my heart is in made of stone. That is why I am still alive, even after hearing this sad news. He was so affectionate towards me.Is there any more shocking news, than this? ‘’ Sanjaya: Dhrutarashtra! All Kauravas and Pandavas, relatives and other kings went to see Bheeshma and stood around him. At that time, both sides stood without enemity. Each one did service in their own way.” “Bheeshma asked for a pillow under his head for free breathing. Duryodhana ordered to bring a pillow. Bheeshma smiled and called Arjuna. He asked him to adjust the arrows under Bheeshma parvam 53 his head to form a pillow. Arjuna rearranged the bed and a pillow with arrows on his body. Bheeshma was happy and complimented Arjuna. Bheeshma said “I will keep the body alive till sun travels into Uttarayanem. In the meanwhile he wanted water to drink. “My children! Now I am lying on a bed of arrows. I can’t sit and drink as before. So bring out a water spring from under ground, which is to fall in to my mouth”. Kauravas felt embraced as they could not do it. Then he called Arjuna and said, “You are capable of that. Get me water spring to reach my mouth”. Then Arjuna went round Bheeshma with folded hands, prayed mother Ganga and released arrows into the ground. After a while, sweet water sprang up and fell in Bheeshma’s mouth. Bheeshma drank the water, and was satisfied and said: Bheeshma: Arjuna! Narada told me that you and Krishna are NaraNarayana Rishis. So, nothing is impossible for both of you. I told Duryodhana not to have enemity with you. Krishna is none other than the manifestation of Lord Vishnu, Duryodhana! Even now, you leave your passion and co exist with Dharmaraja. You give back Pandavas share. Duryodhana and others did not reply to Bheeshma and went away. Krishna: “Dharmaraja! Even devatas can’t defeat Bheeshma. Arjuna did it with the strength of divine astras.’ ’ Dharmaraja: “Krishna! We are all your devotees. We are able to defeat Bheeshma, only with you grace. Without you we cannot achieve anything. Karna expresses his obidence to Bheeshma: After Pandavas left, Karna came and prostrated at the feet of Bheeshma and said:

54 Mahabharatam Karna: “Virtuous Pitamaha! You please leave anger on me. Kindly excuse me for all my faults. Shower your kindness and affection on me. Please bless me” Bheeshma: “Karna! I never had anger on you. At times I spoke some harsh words, because you were creating rift between Kuru-Pandava families. They might have wounded you. You are born with divine grace. Don’t think that You are an ordinary human. You are a worldly wise person. Now I will tell you a secret. You are the son of Kunti, not . Vyasa maharishi told me about your birth secret. Since you are also a son of Panduraju, I have the same affection on you like other Pandavas. I tried my level best to bring Kauravas and Pandavas together. No one can vanquish Pandavas. Krishna, a manifest of Vishnu, is protecting them. So you give up enemity with Pandavas. If you can reconcile even now you will be worshipped by all. Karna: “Pitamaha! I have already heard about my birth secret through elders. How is it possible for me to develop friendship with Pandavas at this stage? I am aware Pandavas are valorous than me. All the more, Krishna is in their side. I am also aware that I can’t defeat them. Duryodhana honoured me and gave a respectable place among kings . Considering all these aspects, how can I leave Duryodhana and join Pandavas side? It is not an appreciable quality for valorous person. Not only that I spoke filthy words and insulted them, out of jealousy I developed enemity with Pandavas. Now it developed into a big war. So war alone enhances the glory of Pandavas. Now I request you to permit me to participate in war. I am indebted to Duryodhana in a big way. This is the only way for me to repay his debt. I shall show my vigour and play a prominent role in this war. Bless me to win Krishna and Arjuna.

Bheeshma parvam 55 Bheeshma: “Karna! You are a man of highest dignity and character. Your loyalty is unparalleled and beyond comparison. What you said is true. Duryodhana is depending on you. So you do your best and keep him happy. I am permitting you to fight the battle. Conclusion : This Parvam is allotted entirely to Bheeshma. All the activities of both the Kauravas and Pandavas are designed as per the movements of Bheeshma. Of the eighteen days of war, Bheeshma dominates first ten days. He is shown as an excellent fighter, apart from being a affectionate grandfather caught between two extremes. He shows equal affection to Pandavas and Kauravas. Yet he becomes a tragic figure, as he is unable to control Duryodhana and Dirudharashtra. While Vidura is very critical with the activities of Kauravas, Where as Bheeshma soft pedals. He is not firm with Kauravas. He was like an old lion without teeth. He lived for Kuru family, sacrificed his youthful life to help his nephews and spent his old age in distress caused by the exile of Pandavas for twelve years. He invites his own death and by not defending himself from the onslaught of Sikhandi. It is one of his principles of fight in war that he won’t fight with male turned females (Like Sikandi). Each one of his actions is pure. Only one notable shortcoming in him is his inability to control Duryodhana.Otherwise his character was perfecty drawn by Vyasa Maharishi. We also see how Krishna lost his mental balance and tried to kill Bheeshma. But Arjuna prevented him, as he had made a vow that he wouldn’t fight. Karna’s character gets a boost, when he refused to join Pandavas. Karna knew that Arjuna couldn’t be beaten, but did not lost his ambition to kill Arjuna. Dharmaraja is shown as

56 Mahabharatam regretting for the heavy loss of human power and wanted to go to the forest again, rather than massacring his kith and kin. Krishna persuades him to continue the war. While Bheeshma dominates in Kaurava’s activities, where as Krishna directs Pandava’s activities. Arjuna and Duryodhana actively involved in the war Others play minor roles. In this Parvam also, characterisation is immaculate. Not only the major characters, but also the minor characters also got their individual identity. No character is alike to the other character. Excellent characterisation is the secret of its success of this epic.

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Bheeshma parvam 57 Glossary Manava vyuham Formation of army in human form Achala vyuham. Formation of army in a fixed manner Krauncha Vyuha Formation of army in a form of heron Makara vyuham Formation of army in a form of crocodile Pramohana’ astra Infatuated astra Pragna’ astra An astra that develops discernment Ardha chandrakara vyuha Crescent shaped formation of army Vajra vyuha A kind of military array Agneyastra An astra of which is the regent Vayuvastra An astra of which is the regent Koorma vyuha Formation of army in the form of a tortoise Srunekataka vyuha A kind of military array Sarvatobhandra vyuha A kind of military array Radhika One who fights from a chariot Diggajas Any one of the eight elephants said to guard the eight regions yamadhoota A servant of Lord

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58 Mahabharatam