Hierarchical Classification of Warriors (Human Resources) in Mahabharat War
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The Mahabharata
^«/4 •m ^1 m^m^ The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924071123131 ) THE MAHABHARATA OF KlUSHNA-DWAIPAYANA VTASA TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH PROSE. Published and distributed, chiefly gratis, BY PROTSP CHANDRA EOY. BHISHMA PARVA. CALCUTTA i BHiRATA PRESS. No, 1, Raja Gooroo Dass' Stbeet, Beadon Square, 1887. ( The righi of trmsMm is resem^. NOTICE. Having completed the Udyoga Parva I enter the Bhishma. The preparations being completed, the battle must begin. But how dan- gerous is the prospect ahead ? How many of those that were counted on the eve of the terrible conflict lived to see the overthrow of the great Knru captain ? To a KsJtatriya warrior, however, the fiercest in- cidents of battle, instead of being appalling, served only as tests of bravery that opened Heaven's gates to him. It was this belief that supported the most insignificant of combatants fighting on foot when they rushed against Bhishma, presenting their breasts to the celestial weapons shot by him, like insects rushing on a blazing fire. I am not a Kshatriya. The prespect of battle, therefore, cannot be unappalling or welcome to me. On the other hand, I frankly own that it is appall- ing. If I receive support, that support may encourage me. I am no Garuda that I would spurn the strength of number* when battling against difficulties. I am no Arjuna conscious of superhuman energy and aided by Kecava himself so that I may eHcounter any odds. -
Väkivallan Muodot Ja Sen Kuvaamisen Keinot Arundhati Royn Teoksessa the God of Small Things Ja Bernardine Evariston Runoromaanissa the Emperor’S Babe
TAMPEREEN YLIOPISTO Raisa Aho Miten kertoa kivusta? Väkivallan muodot ja sen kuvaamisen keinot Arundhati Royn teoksessa The God of Small Things ja Bernardine Evariston runoromaanissa The Emperor’s Babe Yleisen kirjallisuustieteen pro gradu -tutkielma Tampere 2011 Tampereen yliopisto, Kieli-, käännös- ja kirjallisuustieteiden yksikkö AHO, Raisa: Miten kertoa kivusta? Väkivallan muodot ja sen kuvaamisen keinot Arundhati Royn romaanissa The God of Small Things ja Bernardine Evariston runoteoksessa The Emperor’s Babe Pro Gradu -tutkielma, 128 s. Yleinen kirjallisuustiede Huhtikuu 2011 Yleisen kirjallisuustieteen pro gradu -tutkielmassani tarkastelen erilaisia väkivallan ilmenemismuotoja ja niiden kuvaamisen keinoja kahdessa kaunokirjallisessa teoksessa, eli Arundhati Royn romaanissa The God of Small Things (1997) ja Bernardine Evariston runoromaanissa The Emperor’s Babe (2001). Päädyin tarkastelemaan juuri näitä kahta teosta rinnakkain sekä sisällöllisistä, temaattisista, kirjallisuushistoriallisista että kerronnallisista syistä. Ne molemmat kuuluvat niin sanotun postkoloniaalisen kirjallisuuden traditioon, mutta eri tavoilla. Molemmissa käsitellään väkivaltaa ja sen traumatisoivaa luonnetta, mutta kertojaratkaisujen erot tuovat väkivallan kuvauksiin erilaisia painotuksia. Tutkimukseni lähtee liikkeelle sekä ruumiillisen kivun että traumaattisen kokemuksen kieltä pakenevasta luonteesta. Molempia ilmiöitä on tarkasteltu siitä lähtökohdasta, että ne ovat symboloimattomia, ja niiden sanoiksi pukeminen on vaikeaa, ellei peräti mahdotonta. Kivun -
Introduction to BI-Tagavad-Gita
TEAcI-tER'S GuidE TO INTROduCTioN TO BI-tAGAVAd-GiTA (DAModAR CLASS) INTROduCTioN TO BHAqAVAd-qiTA Compiled by: Tapasvini devi dasi Hare Krishna Sunday School Program is sponsored by: ISKCON Foundation Contents Chapter Page Introduction 1 1. History ofthe Kuru Dynasty 3 2. Birth ofthe Pandavas 10 3. The Pandavas Move to Hastinapura 16 4. Indraprastha 22 5. Life in Exile 29 6. Preparing for Battle 34 7. Quiz 41 Crossword Puzzle Answer Key 45 Worksheets 46 9ntroduction "Introduction to Bhagavad Gita" is a session that deals with the history ofthe Pandavas. It is not meant to be a study ofthe Mahabharat. That could be studied for an entire year or more. This booklet is limited to the important events which led up to the battle ofKurlLkshetra. We speak often in our classes ofKrishna and the Bhagavad Gita and the Battle ofKurukshetra. But for the new student, or student llnfamiliar with the history ofthe Pandavas, these topics don't have much significance ifthey fail to understand the reasons behind the Bhagavad Gita being spoken (on a battlefield, yet!). This session will provide the background needed for children to go on to explore the teachulgs ofBhagavad Gita. You may have a classroonl filled with childrel1 who know these events well. Or you may have a class who has never heard ofthe Pandavas. You will likely have some ofeach. The way you teach your class should be determined from what the children already know. Students familiar with Mahabharat can absorb many more details and adventures. Young children and children new to the subject should learn the basics well. -
Microsoft Powerpoint
1 Ādi (225) 2 Sabhā (72) सय उवाच 3 Āranyaka (299) SjSanjaya said, 4 Virāta (67) sañjaya uvāca 5 Udyoga (197) 6 Bhīshma Parva (117) 7 Drona - 173 chapters 8 Karna (69) 9 Shālya (64) 10 Sauptika (18) 11 Strī (27) Yudhisthira's 12 Shānti (353) Falsehood 13 Anushāsana (154) Drona Parva 14 Ashvamedhika (96) Chapter 164 15 Āshramavāsika (47) 16 Mausala (9) 17 Mahāprasthānika (3) Swami Tadatmananda 18 Svargārohana (5) Arsha Bodha Center ताकु तीसताा ीभगवानवाचु SiSeeing thfihtdthe frightened PdPandavas, The Blessed Lord said, trastān kuntī-sutāndṛṣṭvā śrī-bhagavānuvāca ाणसायकपीडताने ् | pidbierced by D'Drona's arrows, droṇa-sāyaka-pīḍitān मितमाेयसे यु the wise SfSri Krishna, engaged in their welfare, matimāñ śreyase yuktaḥ के शवाऽजे नमवीतु ् || said to Arjuna ... keśavo 'rjunam abravīt (164.66) नषै यु ेन सामे अथा हत े नषै By fig hting on the ba ttle fie ld, Drona If As hva tthama were kille d, Drona naiṣa yuddhena saṅgrāme aśvatthāmni hate naiṣa जते श कथन | ययु ेदित मितमम | cannotbt be d ef ea ted db by any means, would not fi ght . Thi s i s my opi ni on. jetuṁśakyaḥ kathañcana yudhyed iti matir mama अप वहणाृ यु े त हत सय ुगे कद् even by Indra himself, Anyone who could kill Ashvatthama in battle api vṛtra-haṇā yuddhe taṁ hataṁ saṁyuge kaścid रथयूथपयूथप || अ ै शसत मानव || the leader of leaders of armies. would be praised by people. ratha-yūthapa-yūthapaḥ (164.67) asmai śaṁsatu mānavaḥ (164.69) सय उवाच एताराचयाजने ् SjSanjaya said, O King, this a dv ice was no t liked sañjaya uvāca etan nārocayad rājan कु तीपाु े धनय | by AjArjuna, Kti'Kunti's son. -
Narrative, Public Cultures and Visuality in Indian Comic Strips and Graphic Novels in English, Hindi, Bangla and Malayalam from 1947 to the Present
UGC MRP - COMICS BOOKS & GRAPHIC NOVELS Narrative, Public Cultures and Visuality in Indian Comic Strips and Graphic Novels in English, Hindi, Bangla and Malayalam from 1947 to the Present UGC MAJOR RESEARCH PROJECT F.NO. 5-131/2014 (HRP) DT.15.08.2015 Principal Investigator: Aneeta Rajendran, Gargi College, University of Delhi UGC MRP INDIAN COMIC BOOKS AND GRAPHIC NOVELS Acknowledgements This work was made possible due to funding from the UGC in the form of a Major Research Project grant. The Principal Investigator would like to acknowledge the contribution of the Project Fellow, Ms. Shreya Sangai, in drafting this report as well as for her hard work on the Project through its tenure. Opportunities for academic discussion made available by colleagues through formal and informal means have been invaluable both within the college, and in the larger space of the University as well as in the form of conferences, symposia and seminars that have invited, heard and published parts of this work. Warmest gratitude is due to the Principal, and to colleagues in both the teaching and non-teaching staff at Gargi College, for their support throughout the tenure of the project: without their continued help, this work could not have materialized. Finally, much gratitude to Mithuraaj for his sustained support, and to all friends and family members who stepped in to help in so many ways. 1 UGC MRP INDIAN COMIC BOOKS AND GRAPHIC NOVELS Project Report Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 1. Scope and Objectives 3 2. Summary of Findings 3 2. Outcomes and Objectives Attained 4 3. -
Guide to 275 SIVA STHALAMS Glorified by Thevaram Hymns (Pathigams) of Nayanmars
Guide to 275 SIVA STHALAMS Glorified by Thevaram Hymns (Pathigams) of Nayanmars -****- by Tamarapu Sampath Kumaran About the Author: Mr T Sampath Kumaran is a freelance writer. He regularly contributes articles on Management, Business, Ancient Temples and Temple Architecture to many leading Dailies and Magazines. His articles for the young is very popular in “The Young World section” of THE HINDU. He was associated in the production of two Documentary films on Nava Tirupathi Temples, and Tirukkurungudi Temple in Tamilnadu. His book on “The Path of Ramanuja”, and “The Guide to 108 Divya Desams” in book form on the CD, has been well received in the religious circle. Preface: Tirth Yatras or pilgrimages have been an integral part of Hinduism. Pilgrimages are considered quite important by the ritualistic followers of Sanathana dharma. There are a few centers of sacredness, which are held at high esteem by the ardent devotees who dream to travel and worship God in these holy places. All these holy sites have some mythological significance attached to them. When people go to a temple, they say they go for Darsan – of the image of the presiding deity. The pinnacle act of Hindu worship is to stand in the presence of the deity and to look upon the image so as to see and be seen by the deity and to gain the blessings. There are thousands of Siva sthalams- pilgrimage sites - renowned for their divine images. And it is for the Darsan of these divine images as well the pilgrimage places themselves - which are believed to be the natural places where Gods have dwelled - the pilgrimage is made. -
The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa SALYA
The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa SALYA PARVA translated by Kesari Mohan Ganguli In parentheses Publications Sanskrit Series Cambridge, Ontario 2002 Salya Parva Section I Om! Having bowed down unto Narayana and Nara, the most exalted of male beings, and the goddess Saraswati, must the word Jaya be uttered. Janamejaya said, “After Karna had thus been slain in battle by Savyasachin, what did the small (unslaughtered) remnant of the Kauravas do, O regenerate one? Beholding the army of the Pandavas swelling with might and energy, what behaviour did the Kuru prince Suyodhana adopt towards the Pandavas, thinking it suitable to the hour? I desire to hear all this. Tell me, O foremost of regenerate ones, I am never satiated with listening to the grand feats of my ancestors.” Vaisampayana said, “After the fall of Karna, O king, Dhritarashtra’s son Suyodhana was plunged deep into an ocean of grief and saw despair on every side. Indulging in incessant lamentations, saying, ‘Alas, oh Karna! Alas, oh Karna!’ he proceeded with great difficulty to his camp, accompanied by the unslaughtered remnant of the kings on his side. Thinking of the slaughter of the Suta’s son, he could not obtain peace of mind, though comforted by those kings with excellent reasons inculcated by the scriptures. Regarding destiny and necessity to be all- powerful, the Kuru king firmly resolved on battle. Having duly made Salya the generalissimo of his forces, that bull among kings, O monarch, proceeded for battle, accompanied by that unslaughtered remnant of his forces. Then, O chief of Bharata’s race, a terrible battle took place between the troops of the Kurus and those of the Pandavas, resembling that between the gods and the Asuras. -
Microsoft Powerpoint
1 Ādi (225) 2 Sabhā (72) Ashvatthama's सय उवाच 3 Āranyaka (299) SjSanjaya said, 4 Virāta (67) Massacre Plan sañjaya uvāca 5 Udyoga Parva (197) 6 Bhīshma (117) Sauptika Parva 7 Drona (173) Chapters 1-5 8 Karna (69) 9 Shālya (64) 10 Sauptika - 18 chapters 11 Strī (27) 12 Shānti (353) 13 Anushāsana (154) 14 Ashvamedhika (96) 15 Āshramavāsika (47) 16 Mausala (9) 17 Mahāprasthānika (3) Swami Tadatmananda 18 Svargārohana (5) Arsha Bodha Center तािमुख े घारे े तता े िनावश ााै OthttiblihtOn that terrible night, Then, overcome by sl eep, tasmin rātri-mukhe ghore tato nidrāvaśaṁ prāptau दखशाु कसमवताे | कृ पभाजाे ै महारथा ै | immerse diidifd in pain and grief, the genera ls KiKripa and KitKritavarma duḥkha-śoka-samanvitāḥ kṛpa-bhojau mahārathau कृ तवमा कृ पा े ाणरै ् सखाचतावदे खाहाु ै Kritavarma, Kripa, and Ashvatthama who deserved happiness, not grief, kṛtavarmā kṛpo drauṇir sukhocitāvaduḥkhārhau उपापववशे समम् || िनषणा ै धरणीतले || sat down together. laid down to sleep on the ground. upopaviviśuḥ samam (1.28) niṣaṇṇau dharaṇī-tale (1.31) ाधामषे वश ााे सेष ु तषे ु काके षु ObOvercome by anger and diti impatience, While many crows were sl eep ing krodhāmarṣa-vaśaṁ prāpto supteṣuteṣukākeṣu ाणपे तु भारत | वधेष ु समतत | the son of Drona, O Dhr itarasht ra, soundly a ll around , droṇa-putras tu bhārata visrabdheṣu samantataḥ न लेभ े स त िना वै साऽपयसहसायातमे ् could not fall asleep, he suddenly saw the arrival na lebhe sa tu nidrāṁ vai so 'paśyat sahasāyāntam दमानाऽितमये ुना || उलूक घारदशे नम ् || burning with great anger. -
Relevance of Sri Krishna to Karyakartas
Balagokulam 5HOHYDQFHRI6UL.ULVKQDWR.DU\DNDUWDV Sri Krishna spells out the purpose his incarnation in Geeta as “to establish Dharma”(Dharma sansthaapanaarthaaya ). In our Sangh Prarthana recited in every Shakha, we say that we are organizing to protect Dharma (kritvaa asmad dharma rakshanam). In a way, we are only instruments in fulfilling the mission of Sri Krishna. Krishna’s life can be a beacon of light for us walking in this path. Rama and Krishna – most worshipped avatars Many are the incarnations of God. But Sri Rama and Sri Krishna are the most worshipped because their lives present the situations that we encounter in our own lives. They embodied the ideals in life by following which we all can enrich our own lives. Sri Rama’s image brings in our mind a sense of awe and respect. His personality is tall and magnanimous. Whereas, Sri Krishna’s personality has two sides. He is at once very extra-ordinary, superhuman and at once he is that adorable child from next-door, enchanting and playful. Every mother can see Krishna in her own child. Friend of all Krishna showed his divine and super-human powers again and again and yet ensured that there is no distance between him and others. Yashoda was awed to see the entire universe in his mouth. The very next moment, he was the same mischievous child, playing hide-and-seek with her. His friends were frightened and overwhelmed to see their friend subduing the fearsome snake (Kalinga). It took only a few minutes before they all went to steal the butter and play in the forest. -
Mahabharata Tatparnirnaya
Mahabharatha Tatparya Nirnaya Chapter XIX The episodes of Lakshagriha, Bhimasena's marriage with Hidimba, Killing Bakasura, Draupadi svayamwara, Pandavas settling down in Indraprastha are described in this chapter. The details of these episodes are well-known. Therefore the special points of religious and moral conduct highlights in Tatparya Nirnaya and its commentaries will be briefly stated here. Kanika's wrong advice to Duryodhana This chapter starts with instructions of Kanika an expert in the evil policies of politics to Duryodhana. This Kanika was also known as Kalinga. Probably he hailed from Kalinga region. He was a person if Bharadvaja gotra and an adviser to Shatrujna the king of Sauvira. He told Duryodhana that when the close relatives like brothers, parents, teachers, and friends are our enemies, we should talk sweet outwardly and plan for destroying them. Heretics, robbers, theives and poor persons should be employed to kill them by poison. Outwardly we should pretend to be religiously.Rituals, sacrifices etc should be performed. Taking people into confidence by these means we should hit our enemy when the time is ripe. In this way Kanika secretly advised Duryodhana to plan against Pandavas. Duryodhana approached his father Dhritarashtra and appealed to him to send out Pandavas to some other place. Initially Dhritarashtra said Pandavas are also my sons, they are well behaved, brave, they will add to the wealth and the reputation of our kingdom, and therefore, it is not proper to send them out. However, Duryodhana insisted that they should be sent out. He said he has mastered one hundred and thirty powerful hymns that will protect him from the enemies. -
South-Indian Images of Gods and Goddesses
ASIA II MB- • ! 00/ CORNELL UNIVERSITY* LIBRARY Date Due >Sf{JviVre > -&h—2 RftPP )9 -Af v^r- tjy J A j£ **'lr *7 i !! in ^_ fc-£r Pg&diJBii'* Cornell University Library NB 1001.K92 South-indian images of gods and goddesse 3 1924 022 943 447 AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF MADRAS GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. IN INDIA. A. G. Barraud & Co. (Late A. J. Combridge & Co.)> Madras. R. Cambrav & Co., Calcutta. E. M. Gopalakrishna Kone, Pudumantapam, Madura. Higginbothams (Ltd.), Mount Road, Madras. V. Kalyanarama Iyer & Co., Esplanade, Madras. G. C. Loganatham Brothers, Madras. S. Murthv & Co., Madras. G. A. Natesan & Co., Madras. The Superintendent, Nazair Kanun Hind Press, Allahabad. P. R. Rama Iyer & Co., Madras. D. B. Taraporevala Sons & Co., Bombay. Thacker & Co. (Ltd.), Bombay. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta. S. Vas & Co., Madras. S.P.C.K. Press, Madras. IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. B. H. Blackwell, 50 and 51, Broad Street, Oxford. Constable & Co., 10, Orange Street, Leicester Square, London, W.C. Deighton, Bell & Co. (Ltd.), Cambridge. \ T. Fisher Unwin (Ltd.), j, Adelphi Terrace, London, W.C. Grindlay & Co., 54, Parliament Street, London, S.W. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. (Ltd.), 68—74, iCarter Lane, London, E.C. and 25, Museum Street, London, W.C. Henry S. King & Co., 65, Cornhill, London, E.C. X P. S. King & Son, 2 and 4, Great Smith Street, Westminster, London, S.W.- Luzac & Co., 46, Great Russell Street, London, W.C. B. Quaritch, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, London, W. W. Thacker & Co.^f*Cre<d Lane, London, E.O? *' Oliver and Boyd, Tweeddale Court, Edinburgh. -
Srimad Bhagavad Gita, the Science of God, the Scripture of Yoga and the Divine Dialogue Between Sri Krishna and Arjuna
All Glory to Sri Guru and Gauranga SRIMAD BHAGAVAD- GITA Edited By the beloved disciple of Jagad-guru Om Visnupada Astottara-sata-sri Srimad Bhakti Siddhanta Saraswati Goswami Prabhupada Om Visnupada Paramahamsa Parivrajakacarya-varya Astottara-sata-sri- Srimad Bhakti Vaibhav Puri Goswami Maharaj Published by Bhakti Vigyan Nityananda Book Trust Sri Krishna Chaitanya Mission (Regd.) Sri Bhakti Vinod Ashram Berhampur - 6 (Gm) Orissa, India First Edition: 3rd July 2000, Sri Gundica WWW PDF Edition: (2007) To be had at: 1. Sri Bhakti Vinod Ashram Ananda Nagar, H.K. Road, Berhampur (Gm.) Pin - 760 006, Phone - 208400 2. Sri Chaitanya Chandra Ashram, Itota, Near Gundicha Mandir Puri-752 002, Phone-24455 3. Sri Radha Vrindaban Chandra Mandir 208, Sevakunja, P.O.-Vrindavan, Dist.-Mathura(U.P.) Pin-281121, Phone-443603 4. Sri Gaura - Saraswata Ashram Isodyan, P.O.-Mayapur, Dt.-Nadia(W.B.) Pin-741 313, Phone-79444 5. New Nilacala Dham S.S. 125 Kw. 19,600 GRUXI LILLIUS, QUARTUCCI CAGLIARI, ITALY TEL: 0337 815553 2 CONTENTS INVOCATION.........................................................................................................4 PREFACE..............................................................................................................5 CHAPTER ONE......................................................................................................7 CHAPTER TWO...................................................................................................16 CHAPTER THREE ...............................................................................................30