De L'architecture, Funeraire En Imerina
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Les Savoirs Du Territoire En Imerina (Hautes Terres Centrales De Madagascar)
Le territoire, lien ou frontière ? Paris, 2-4 octobre 1995 Les savoirs du territoire en Imerina (Hautes terres centrales de Madagascar) Chantal BLANC-PAMARD CEA/CNRS Sur les Hautes Terres centrales de Madagascar, les Merina sont des gens de territoire. Imerina est un toponyme, Merina un parler et un ethnonyme. Selon les traditions historiques merina les plus répandues, le nom de Merina1 ne serait en usage que depuis le règne de Ralambo, à la fin du XVIème siècle. C'est à ce dernier que l'on attribue la définition de l'Imerina : "J'appelle ceci l'Imerina sous le jour (I Merina ambaniandro). Et je l'appelle l'Imerina parce que j'occupe tous les sommets; il n'y a rien qui ne soit à moi dans tout ce qui est sous la lumière du jour"2. Le toponyme ambaniandro caractérise la conception par rapport à l'axe vertical. Ce pays "sous la lumière que seul le soleil domine" est également caractérisé par le regard qu'on lui porte, à la fois ceux qui sont vus sur les hauteurs mais aussi ceux qui dominent les régions plus basses environnantes. Le rôle joué par le regard est très important pour le contrôle du territoire comme en témoignent les nombreux sites fortifiés qui coiffent les sommets des collines (Mille, 1970). Un roi merina disait lors de sa conquête : "A moi toutes ces hauteurs (manerinerina)"3. On notera également l'importance du terme maso qui signifie œil. Le soleil est masoandro l'œil du jour; la source est masondrano œil de l'eau4. -
Ambohimanga (Madagascar) Millennium BC)
the construction of rova or fortified royal enclosures (analogous to hillforts in western Europe during the 1st Ambohimanga (Madagascar) millennium BC). On the summits, woodland was kept for practical and spiritual reasons but the forest on No 950 lower ground was cleared to provide the economic base for such places to exist. Agricultural terraces were also constructed on the lower hill-slopes. In effect, the cultural landscape was in place by the 16th century. The only major change since then has been the removal of upland forest on the neighbouring heights to Ambohimanga during the French colonial period. Ambohimanga itself originated in at least the 15th Identification century and by the 18th century, particularly under Nomination The Royal Hill of Ambohimanga Andriantsimitoviaminandriana (1740–45), had developed into a capital with defences and seven gates. Location Municipality of Ambohimanga Outer defences and seven more gates were added, Rova, Province of Antananarivo probably before 1794 when the royal palace was moved Avaradrano to Antananarivo, leaving Ambohimanga as the royal burial place and religious capital. The existing defensive State Party Republic of Madagascar wall was built by Queen Ranavalona I (1828–61), with new gateways to north and south-west (c 1830). The Date 7 July 2000 palace Fandriampahalemana and the glass pavilion Tranofitaratra were added in 1871. In March 1897 the mortal remains of royalty were transferred to Antananarivo by the French colonial authorities in a failed attempt to erase the holiness of the site and the nationalistic legitimacy attached to it. The royal tombs were demolished and military buildings Justification by State Party erected in their stead for the garrison on the site. -
Rainilaiarivony. Un Homme D'état Malgache
R AINILAIARIV ON Y UN HOMME D'ÉTAT MALGACHE RAINILAIARIVONY PAR G. S. CHAPUS Docteur .-leur. Membre titulaire de VAcadémie malgache Membre correspondant de VAcadémie du sciences coloniales ET G. MONDAIN Ancien élève de l'Ecole normale supérieure Vice-Président de VAcadémie malgache Président honoraire de la Mission protestante française à Madagascar EDITIONS DILOUTREMER 100, RUE RICHELIEU PARIS La monarchie hova au cours et à la fin du XIXe siècle a présenté de très singuliers contrastes qui ne la font ressembler à nul autre gou- vernement d'outremer existant alors. A la même époque, en effet, en Afrique ou en Asie, les souverains ou roitelets ou potentats locaux, s'ils avaient conservé des mœurs et des méthodes de gouvernement assez primitifs et s'ils s'embarrassaient assez peu de constitutionnalité, gardaient par contre dans l'étiquette de leurs cours et dans leurs coutumes personnelles ces mêmes mœurs et modes de vie propres à leurs races et à leurs traditions. A Tananarive, au contraire, sur la colline d'Andohala, les rois et surtout les dernières reines de l' lmerina, tout en gouvernant selon les normes d'un absolutisme ancestral que ne tempérait, comme en Europe, aucune concession donnée aux libertés et aspirations de leurs sujets, montraient cependant un souci toujours plus poussé d'adopter l'apparence des cours occidentales quant à l'aspect extérieur, aux céré- monies, aux costumes, à l'apparat. Aussi quoi d'étonnant si les écrivains contemporains qui se pro- posent de narrer aujourd'hui l'histoire des ultimes représentants de la dynastie hova soient attirés tantôt par l'un, tantôt par l'autre des deux caractères spécifiques et contraires de cette dynastie, selon qu'eux- mêmes se sentent plus ou moins politiquement « engagés » dans les actuelles discussions sur les peuples d'outremer. -
Land Rights Among Subsistence Farmers: an Examination of Madagascar’S Land Reform and Prevailing Systems of Land Tenure in Betafo Taylor Crowl SIT Study Abroad
SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Fall 2014 Land Rights Among Subsistence Farmers: An Examination of Madagascar’s Land Reform and Prevailing Systems of Land Tenure in Betafo Taylor Crowl SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Part of the Growth and Development Commons, Inequality and Stratification Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, Politics and Social Change Commons, Rural Sociology Commons, and the Urban Studies and Planning Commons Recommended Citation Crowl, Taylor, "Land Rights Among Subsistence Farmers: An Examination of Madagascar’s Land Reform and Prevailing Systems of Land Tenure in Betafo" (2014). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 1896. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/1896 This Unpublished Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ! Land Rights Among Subsistence Farmers: An Examination of Madagascar’s Land Reform and Prevailing Systems of Land Tenure in Betafo ! ! ! ! Taylor Crowl Academic Advisor: Reine Razafimahefa Academic Director: Roland Pritchett Fall 2014 ! Abstract In Madagascar, legal systems of land tenure have been inaccessible for the vast majority of the rural population. This has stranded millions of subsistence farmers in a sense of insecurity, as they lack legal rights for the property that they have farmed for generations. Madagascar’s land reform, launched in 2005, attempted to change these exclusionary tenure practices. -
Magyar Afrika Társaság African-Hungarian Union
MAGYAR AFRIKA TÁRSASÁG AFRICAN-HUNGARIAN UNION AHU MAGYAR AFRIKA-TUDÁS TÁR AHU HUNGARIAN AFRICA-KNOWLEDGE DATABASE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LUGOSI, Győző Rizsföldjeim határa a tenger / The Limit of My Rice Fields is the Sea Eredeti közlés /Original publication: 2007, Budapest, L’Harmattan Kiadó, 199 old. Elektronikus újraközlés/Electronic republication: AHU MAGYAR AFRIKA-TUDÁS TÁR – 000.002.515 Dátum/Date: 2017. november / november 21. filename: LUGOSIgyozo_2007_Madagaszkar Az elektronikus újraközlést előkészítette /The electronic republication prepared by: B. WALLNER, Erika és/and BIERNACZKY, Szilárd Hivatkozás erre a dokumentumra/Cite this document LUGOSI, Győző: Rizsföldjeim határa a tenger / The Limit of My Rice Fields is the Sea, AHU MATT, 1–203. old., No. 000.002.515, http://afrikatudastar.hu Eredeti forrás megtalálható/The original source is available: Közkönyvtárakban / In public libraries Kulcsszavak/Key words magyar Afrika-kutatás, a 16–19. századi Madagaszkár népeinek régi története, a hagyományos malgas állam működésének feltárása, a törzsi társadalomban kialakult földtulajdonviszonyok elemzése African studies in Hungary, the ancient history of the peoples of Madagascar in the 16–19th. century, exploration of the operation of the traditional Malagasy state, analysis of the land ownership relations formed in the tribal society -------------------------------------- 2 Lugosi Győ z ő AZ ELSŐ MAGYAR, SZABAD FELHASZNÁLÁSÚ, ELEKTRONIKUS, ÁGAZATI SZAKMAI KÖNYV-, TANULMÁNY-, -
Il Est Minuit : La Reine Ranavalo III Pleure Dans Son Palais Rova
Il est minuit : la reine Ranavalo III pleure dans son palais Rova Extrait du 7 Lames la Mer http://7lameslamer.net/article230.html Les flamboyants de l'exil (1ère partie) Il est minuit : la reine Ranavalo III pleure dans son palais Rova - Lames de fond - Zistoir dedan / Zistoir déor - Date de mise en ligne : vendredi 26 février 2016 Description : Il y a 119 ans, dans la nuit du 27 au 28 février 1897, à minuit, l'administrateur des colonies, mandaté par le général Galliéni, se présente au palais Rova de la reine Ranavalo III à Antananarivo. La reine pleure... A une heure et demie du matin, il lui donne le bras jusqu'au perron et l'aide à monter dans la chaise à porteur. La reine, sa famille, sa suite, les porteurs et l'escorte forment alors un convoi de plus de sept cents personnes. C'est le début d'un long voyage vers l'exil. Copyright © 7 Lames la Mer - Tous droits réservés Copyright © 7 Lames la Mer Page 1/9 Il est minuit : la reine Ranavalo III pleure dans son palais Rova Il y a 119 ans, dans la nuit du 27 au 28 février 1897, à minuit, l'administrateur des colonies, mandaté par le général Galliéni, se présente au palais Rova de la reine Ranavalo III à Antananarivo. La reine pleure... A une heure et demie du matin, il lui donne le bras jusqu'au perron et l'aide à monter dans la chaise à porteur. La reine, sa famille, sa suite, les porteurs et l'escorte forment alors un convoi de plus de sept cents personnes. -
Assessing Geo-Hydrological Hazards with Remote Sensing Data in Antananarivo (Madagascar) Historical Center
EGU2020-19773 https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-19773 EGU General Assembly 2020 © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Assessing geo-hydrological hazards with Remote sensing data in Antananarivo (Madagascar) historical center Andrea Ciampalini1, William Frodella2, Daniele Spizzichino3, Claudio Margottini2, and Nicola Casagli2 1University of Pisa, Earth Sciences Department, Italy ([email protected]) 2University of Firenze, Earth Sciences Department, Italy ([email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) 3ISPRA, Geological Survey of Italy, Italy ([email protected]) Landslides represent a major threat in Madagascar, especially in the central and eastern regions during the rainy season (from November thru May), when heavy rains from tropical storms and cyclones saturate the soil making mountains and hillsides more susceptible to slope instability phenomena. The capital Antananarivo has been particularly affected by geo-hydrological risks in the last years, with special regards to the March 2015 event, when cyclones triggered diffuse flooding and landslides causing damages, casualties and over 20000 evacuees. Antananarivo area is characterized by the most important historical and cultural heritages in Madagascar, such as the ancient fortifications and palaces at Ambohimanga (located just 20 km north of the town area), protected as an UNESCO World Heritage site since 2001, and the Rova of Antananarivo royal palace complex. Antananarivo was called Analamanga (the "blue forest"), until 1610, when the merina King Andrianjaka built his palace on the highest hill of the city, and built the first Rova (meaning “fort” in Malagasy) to post a garrison of 1000 man. -
Antananarivo Annual
THE ANTANANARIVO ANNUAL AND MADAGASCAR lVIAGAZINE. A RECORD OF /NFOFIMATION ON THE TOPOGi,APHY AND NATURAL PRODUCTIONS OF MADAGASCAR, AND THE CUSTOMS, TRADITIONS, LANGU.4GE, AND RELIGIOUS BELIEFS OF ITS PEOPLE. EDITED BY THE REV. J. SIBREE, F.R.G.S., AND REV. R, BARON, F.G.S., F.L.S., Missiena,.ies of the L.l'vl.S. ,fl.o. XXIV.-C!rbri£,tmas, J900. (PART IV. OF VOL. VI.) ANTANANARIVO: PRINTED AT THE L.M.S. PRESS. J)\nfo:nanariuo : PRINTED AT THE PRESS OF THE LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY BY MALAG.ASY PRINTERS. \ iii. CONTENTS. PAGE .1.-SOME BETSILEO IDEAS. BY REV. ]. H. HAILE...... (1)385• 2.-0BSERVATIONS ON THE SAKALAVA. Translated from a paper by LIEUTENANT-COLONEL BREVETE PRUD'HOMME, DE L'INFANTERIE DE MARINE .....•....••. 3 -OHABOLANA, OR WIT AND WISDOM OF THE HOVA OF MADAGASCAR. PART VI. BY REV.]. A. HOULDER. -U7 4.-THE EARLY HISTORY OF IMERINA BASED UPON A NATIVE ACCOUNT. BY MR. L. LORD...... 45J 5.-BETSILEO BURIAL CUSTOMS. Translated from a Native MS. by MRS. Moss..... • • • • • • . .. 475 "6.-THE MARRIAGE CEREMONY AMONG THE HOVA. Translated by REV. W. E. Cousrnsfrom a Native Account. 477 7.-BETSILEO, PAST AND PRESENT, A TWENTY YE ..\R'S REVIEW. BY REV. H. T. JOHNSON ..... 8.-A BRIEF NATIVE ACCOUNT OF RADAMA II. Translated from a Native MSS. by DR. C. F. A. Moss. 9.-THE FANDROANA, OR NEW YEAR'S FESTIVAL OF THE MALAGASY. BY REV. ] . SIBREE. ED. 10.-THE MADAGASCAR EXHIBITS AT THE •EXPOSITIO:--.i UNIVERSELLE' OF PARIS IN 1900. Translated by Rr,;v ]. SIBREE, ED........ -
Kings for UCP.Png
In anthropology as much as in popular imagination, kings are fgures of fascination and intrigue, heroes or tyrants in ways presidents and prime ministers can never be. Tis collection of essays by two of the world’s most distinguished anthropologists—David Graeber and Marshall Sahlins—explores what kingship actually is, historically and anthropo- logically. As they show, kings are symbols for more than just sovereignty: indeed, the study of kingship ofers a unique window into fundamental dilemmas concerning the very nature of power, meaning, and the human condition. Refecting on issues such as temporality, alterity, and utopia—not to mention the divine, the strange, the numinous, and the bestial—Graeber and Sahlins explore the role of kings as they have existed around the world, from the BaKongo to the Aztec to the Shilluk and beyond. Richly delivered with the wit and sharp analysis characteristic of Graeber and Sahlins, this book opens up new avenues for the anthropological study of this fascinating and ubiquitous political fgure. * * * If you deem that anthropology is neither a form of pompous navel- gazing, nor an exercise in making preposterous generalizations out of sketchy personal experiences, this book is for you. With impecca- ble scholarship, conceptual imagination, and wit, David Graeber and Marshall Sahlins think anew, and within a broad comparative scope, an ancient and illustrious question: why and how can a single man come to rule over the many as the embodiment or the delegate of a god? Such a question, they show, can only be answered by shifting towards an analysis where human, non-human, and meta-human persons are treated on the same ontological level as parts of a hierarchical cosmic polity. -
Un Patrimoine Mondial De L'humanite (Cas D
UNIVERSITE D’ANTANANARIVO ECOLE NORMALE SUPERIEURE DEPARTEMENT : FORMATION INITIALE LITTERAIRE C.E.R. Histoire-Géographie MEMOIRE DE FIN D’ETUDES POUR L’OBTENTION DU CERTIFICAT D’APTITUDE PEDAGOGIQUE DE L’ECOLE NORMALE (CAPEN) UN PATRIMOINE MONDIAL DE L’HUMANITE (CAS D’AMBOHIMANGA ROVA) Présenté par : RAMANITRAHARIZAKA Hobimanana Tsiriniainanjanahary Mémoire dirigé par : Mme RAHONINTSOA Elyane Maître de Conférences Année 2015 UNIVERSITE D’ANTANANARIVO ECOLE NORMALE SUPERIEURE DEPARTEMENT : FORMATION INITIALE LITTERAIRE C.E.R. Histoire-Géographie MEMOIRE DE FIN D’ETUDES POUR L’OBTENTION DU CERTIFICAT D’APTITUDE PEDAGOGIQUE DE L’ECOLE NORMALE (CAPEN) UN PATRIMOINE MONDIAL DE L’HUMANITE (CAS D’AMBOHIMANGA ROVA) RAMANITRAHARIZAKA Hobimanana Tsiriniainanjanahary Président : M. RAZAKAVOLOLONA Ando, Maître de Conférences Juge : M. RAZANAKOLONA Daniel, Assistant d’enseignement Rapporteur : Mme RAHONINTSOA Elyane, Maître de Conférences Date de soutenance : 16 Avril 2015 Année 2015 REMERCIEMENTS Remercions Dieu de ces cinq années de formation au sein du centre d’étude et de recherche en histoire géographie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure. Après avoir passé les examens théoriques et le stage pratique, notre cursus de formation s’achève par la rédaction d’un mémoire de fin d’étude. A la sortie de l’ENS, nous obtiendrons le diplôme CAPEN pour devenir professeur certifié. Au moment où nous achevons la rédaction de ce mémoire, nous reconnaissons que plusieurs personnes, de près ou de loin, nous ont soutenu d'une manière ou d'une autre tout au long de notre cursus à l’Ecole Normale Supérieure et nous tenons à leur manifester notre profonde gratitude. D’abord, à Monsieur RAZAKAVOLOLONA Ando, maître de conférences au centre d’étude et de recherche en histoire géographie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieur, qui malgré vos multiples occupations, vous nous faites l’honneur de présider ce mémoire, Veuillez trouver ici l’expression de notre profonde reconnaissance. -
The Culture History of Madagascar
Journal of World Prehistory, Vol. 7, No. 4, 1993 The Culture History of Madagascar Robert E. Dewar 1'3 and Henry T. Wright 2 Madagascar's culture is a unique fusion of elements drawn from the western, northern, and eastern shores of the Indian Ocean, and its past has fascinated man)' scholars, yet systematic archaeological research is relatively recent on the island. The oldest traces of visitors are from the first century AD. Coastal settlements, with clear evidence of ties to the western Indian Ocean trading network, were established in several places over the next millennium. Important environmental changes of both plant and animal communities are documented over this period, including the extinctions of almost all large animal species. Urban life in Madagascar began with the establishment of the entrepOt of Mahi- laka on the northwest coast of the island in the twelfth century. At about the same time, communities with ties to the trade network were established around the island's coasts. From the fourteenth to the sixteenth century, social hier- archies developed in several regions of the island. During the succeeding two centuries, Madagascar saw the development of state polities. KEY WORDS: Madagascar; prehistory; East Africa; Indian Ocean. INTRODUCTION Madagascar has long fascinated archaeologists. However, surprisingly little archaeological research has been undertaken until recently. Its culture history offers an important comparative case for many important issues--the role and process of migrations in prehistory, the origins of states, over exploitation and "overkill" by foragers, and human agricultural impact on environments, among ~Department of Anthropology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269. -
An Anthropological Approach to the Sacred Space of Ambohimanga Practices at a Tourist Attraction in Madagascar
An anthropological approach to the sacred space of Ambohimanga Practices at a tourist attraction in Madagascar Year: 2014 Place of Fieldwork: Republic of Madagascar Name: Mareyuki Ebata Key Words: sacred space, shrine, spirit worship, possession, border-crossing, West Indian Ocean, religious practices Research background Ambohimanga (royal hill of Ambohimanga) is comprised of a royal palace and tombs of the Merina Kingdom (16th century–1897) surrounded by different types of sacred places and villages (Scott, 2003). It is located in the northern part of Antananarivo. In 2001, it was selected as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. Ambohimanga is the most legendary sacred place among the twelve sacred hills of Imerina, the residential area of the Merina people. There are many places for spirit worship (shrines of spirit worship), named "doany"(1). Although doanys were initiated by the Merina people, doany worship has become widely adopted among people from the islands of the West Indian Ocean, stretching beyond ethnic barriers and national borders through a kind of spirit possession ritual named "tromba." Royal palace and tombs in Ambohimanga Scene of tromba in Ambohimanga Research purpose and aim Ambohimanga has attracted numerous tourists and pilgrims from home and abroad. To elucidate the multilayered relationship among the ethnicity, nationality, and religion in Madagascar, we consider that it is of the essence to clarify the religious practice at Ambohimanga. In our study, we focus on Ambohimanga, which is a leading sacred place for doany worship. Doany worship is an ongoing religious practice evolving beyond the conventional framework of the Malagasy "traditional religion" (Blanchy, 2001).