Published by the Ukrainian National Association inc.. a fraternal non-profit association rainian Weekly

vol. LVIII No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 50 cents Ukraine, Baltic states and Armenia Patriarch Mstyslav enthroned send representatives to Paris summit Historic services held at St Sophia Cathedral JERSEY C1TY, N.J. - Representa– of an urgent meeting, and later would SOUTH BOUND BROOK, N.J. - witness the service from the knaveof the tives of Ukraine, the Baltic states and not let them re-enter the hall. French His Holiness Mstyslav was enthroned church, which was filled with believers. Armenia sent their own representatives Foreign Minister Roland Dumas told as patriarch of Kiev and all Ukraine on Among the dignitaries attending the to the Paris summit of the Conference the Baits they were being expelled Sunday, November 18,in Kiev, reported ceremony were chairman of the Council on Security and Cooperation in "because the Soviet delegation was the metropolitan's chancery of the for Religious Affairs of the Ukrainian Europe meeting in Paris on November totally against their participation in the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the SSR, Mykola Kolesnyk, deputies to the 19-21. conference," reported RFE^RL. U.S.A. based here. Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR, The representatives traveled to the As planned, the solemnities were held Mykhailo Horyn, Serhiy Holovaty, meeting as unofficial delegations and The Ukrainian delegation consisted of in St. Sophia Cathedral, which local Mykola Porovsky and vasyl Cher– observers. three people's deputies: Dmytro Pavly– authorities handed over to the believers voniy, deputy to the Supreme Soviet of However, Baltic representatives, who chko, chairman, Bohdan Horyn, co- of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Ortho– the USSR, Yuri Sorochyk, as well as had arrived in Paris as observers on chairman, and ivan Drach, a member, dox Church for that day. The use of the other notables, whose names have, as of official invitations from the host coun– of the Ukrainian Parliament's Commit– church was also sanctioned by the now, not been received by the Metropo– try, were expelled from the conference tee on Foreign Affairs. Mr. Drach also president of the Supreme Soviet of the litan's Chancery. on November 19, shortly after the is president of the Popular Movement Ukrainian SSR, Leonid Kravchuk, and St. Sophia Square and its side streets, opening session reported Radio Free of Ukraine, or Rukh. Prime Minister vitold Fokin. despite cold weather and rain, were The three-person delegation arrived Europe^ Radio Liberty. The solemnities began with an all- filled with tens of thousands of people. Liberty. in Paris on November 18 with the Among the most moving parts of the intention of representing the interests of night vigil which members of the hie– Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian rarchy of the UAOC celebrated at St. ceremony was the presentation of Ukraine, which declared its state sove– Metropolitan Petro Mohyla's 17th representatives all were issued guest reignty on July 16. The delegation also Andrew's Cathedral on the eve of the passes, but France decided to rescind enthronement. Metropolitan loann of century archpastoral staff (posokh) to pressed the republic's desire to become a Patriarch Mstyslav. The day's program its invitation, in response to pres– full participant in the CSCE process. Lviv and Galicia addressed the sure from the Soviet delegation. congregation after the service, in his ended with a grand banquet at the Hotel French officials asked the Baits to The official Soviet delegation had Kiev, followed by a concert at the Kiev attempted to incorporate the foreign homily, the metropolitan spoke of how leave the conference hall on the pretext the significance of the upcoming event Opera, both held in the newly en- ministers of the Baltic states and U– throned patriarch's honor. kraine in its official representation, must be perceived by Patriarch Msty– slav emotionally, remarking that His Monday, November 19, saw the 1NS1DE: however, the four republics rejected the convening of the first meeting of the offer, considering it a ploy by Moscow Holiness had been consecrated to the Ш News analysis: the developing episcopacy in the church in which they Patriarch Council during which discus– new role of the Conference on to assert its control over sovereign and sion focused on the steps to be taken to independent republics. now stood almost 50 years before. The Security and Cooperation in vigil service preceeding the first patriar– secure the continued growth of the The Ukrainian representatives said Europe — page 3. chal enthronement in the history of the UAOC in Ukraine. Also on the meet– that Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard UAOC was described by Metropolitan ing's agenda was the election of a charge в Greens of Ukraine establish Shevardnadze had refused their request d'affairs for the Kievan Patriarchate contacts with Greens in North loann as "Sviat vechir"—a "Christmas to send a separate Ukrainian delega– Eve" for the Ukrainian people. who would oversee its operations during America — page 4. tion to the CSCE meeting. the periods of the patriarch's absence. Ф Reborn Ukrainian youth "After Russia and Germany, we are On Sunday, November 18, thesolem– Elected to this office was Antony, organization Plast holds its first the biggest entity in all of Europe. We nities culminated with the celebration of archbishop of Rivne and Ostrih. national conference in U– have a separate delegation in the United an archpastoral divine liturgy at St. Planned for Tuesday was a meeting kraine — page 5. Nations. We have a right to our own Sophia Cathedral. Presiding over the between Patriarch Mstyslav and Mr.' t Exclusive interview with representation (in the CSCE)," Mr. service was Patriarch Mstyslav, who Kolesnyk, chairman of the Coun– leaders of student hunger strike, Pavlychko was quoted as saying in the was assisted by all the members of the cil for Religious Affairs of the Ukrai– plus photos of this milestone Washington Post. hierarchy of the UAOC in Ukraine, as nian SSR. On Wednesday, Patriarch event of the year 1990 in U– "Frankly, we understand that this is well as by Archbishop Constantine and Mstyslav was expected to travel to Bishop Antony, who had travelled to kraihe — centerfbld. not going to make us independent Chernihiv, where he was to deliver overnight, but the point is that we must Kiev from the United States. medical supplies, which the Ukrainian assert our aspirations on the world Also concelebating were some 40 Orthodox Church of the U.S.A. do– stage," Mr. Horyn said. "Step by step priests, while over 200 clerics were, nated to benefit the victims of Chor– Ukraine intends to become a genuine because of limited space, forced to nobyl. presence in the world." Mr. Horyn also was cited in the Washington Post as reporting that in a Stepan Khmara is arrested private meeting,Mr. Shevardnadze had KlEv - Militiamen, accompanied continuing a hunger strike begun on told him that neither the USSR nor by unknown persons in civilian clothing, November 14 by members of the other member-states would be prepared entered the building of the Ukrainian National Council in the Parliament's to allow Ukraine to participate in the SSR Supreme Soviet here late at night session hall, when the Comnmunist 34-nation summit. He added that the on November 17 and arrested Stepan Bloc in Parliament voted to strip Mr. United States especially is "reluctant to Khmara, the deputy from Chervono– Khmara of his immunity as a people's embarrass" Soviet President Mikhail hrad, Lviv Oblast, accused of taking deputy. Gorbachev. part in an alleged November 7 assault The vice-chairman of the Ukrainian on a policeman, reported the Respublica Republican Party is accused of Appeal from Ukraine's president news service (UN1AR) and the U– assaulting an officer of the Ministry of krainian Press Agency (UPA). internal Affairs on November 7 after in an appeal to the participants of the Mr. Khmara was apprehended at the man, dressed in civilian clothes, Paris summit, Leonid Kravchuk, chair- 10:15 p.m. in the presence of four other apparently struck a woman. Witnesses man of the Ukrainian SSR Supreme parliamentarians from the democratic told lawyers from the Popular Move– Soviet, had sought support for U– National Council, Levko Horokhivsky, ment of Ukraine, Rukh, that a woman kraine's participation in the CSCE Bohdan Rebryk, ihor Derkach and approached Mr. Khmara that day in a (Continued on page 3) Yolodymyr Kolinets. The deputies were (Continued on page 11) 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 - No. 47

At the CSCE summit in Paris Statement by Ukrainian deputies Newsbriefs Following is the full text of а Nations, party to post-war peace from Ukraine statement to the Paris summit of the treaties in Europe should take its Conference and Security and Coope– rightful and equal place in all-Euro– ration in Europe signed by three pean process. 9 MUN1CH - Should a newly pro- Zakhidnyi Kuryer (Western Courier), people's deputies to the Ukrainian in the name of tbe Popular Move– posed union treaty become implement– in its October 13 issue, reported that a SSR Supreme Soviet, Dmytro Pav– ment, in other words,on behalf of the ed, the USSR would become the USR: note with the words "Revenge for lychko, chairman, and Bohdan opposition in the Parliament of the Union of Sovereign Republics. Lenin. Pamiat," was found at the crime Horyn, deputy chairman, of the Ukraine and on our own behalf, we According to a summary of the draft, site and that the head of criminal Parliament's Foreign Affairs Com– declare;' carried by AFP on November 15, all the investigations, v. Levynets, considers mittee; and ivan Drach, a member of The official delegation of Ukraine powers advocated by President Mikhail the incident a terrorist attack. the aforementioned committee and is not represented at the Paris meet– Gorbachev would be retained by federal M. Pankov, chief of the oblast's president of the Popular Movement ing. An attempt to include in the authorities, but the present Committee internal affairs administration, was of Ukraine (Rukh). The statement delegation of the USSR a represen– for Constitutional Oversight would be quoted in izvestiya (October 13) as was released in Paris on November tative from Ukraine in the person of replaced by a constitutional court. saying that "the militia and the prose– 19. Foreign Affairs Minister Anatoliy The treaty would provide for the right cutor's office have attached great signi– Zlenko was turned down by leader- of secession for the republics as well as ficance to the occurrence."(izvestiya, as We, people's deputies of U– ship of the republic. The USSR , for their expulsion for transgressions quoted by the Foreign Broadcasting kraine — chairman of the Foreign Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the against the treaty's provisions. The information Service, and Zakhidnyi Affairs Committee of the Parliament USSR was informed about the inten– treaty would be initially signed for 50 Kurier). of the Ukraine, deputy chairman of tion of the republic's leadership to years. (RFE;RL Daily Report) Ф KlEv - The Moldavian Popular the National Council (Narodna send to Paris a separate delegation. Front and the Popular Movement of Rada) Dmytro Pavlychko, deputy The talks between Kiev and Moscow ^ ivANO-FRANKivSKE, Ukraine — During the early hours of October Ukraine (Rukh) have set up a joint chairman of the Foreign Affairs regarding this subject were not commission for defending the rights of Committee Bohdan Horyn, amem– successful. As a result, there is no 11, Grunwald Street was rocked by two explosions which affected the building the Ukrainian and Moldavian minori– ber of the committee and president of representative of Ukraine in the ties in their respective republics. The the Popular Movement of Ukraine delegation of the USSR. housing the city council of people's deputies and its executive committee. agreement to set up the commission was (Rukh) ivan Drach - have brought The absence at the meeting of a the result of talks held recently in Kiev. for the participants of the Paris representative from one of the largest Authorities have determined that the blasts, which resulted in some 100 On October 17, TASS quoted Molda– Summit Meeting on Security and European countries testifies to the vian Popular Front vice-President Cooperation in Europe a letter from fact that the European process has not rubles' damage but no injuries, were caused by hand grenades. lurie Rosca as saying the two fronts the chairman of the Supreme Soviet yet acquired a full-blooded histori– have agreed not to allow any territorial of the Ukrainian SSR, Leonid Krav– cally objective character. This injus– disputes to interfere with each repub– chuk. tice cannot be justified by the fact Former political prisoner lic's respective efforts to achieve state That document expresses a wish that formally there is the USSR and independence. that the Ukraine as a European state, Ukraine is not yet completely free elected Georgia's president Among other agreements reached at one of the founders of the United MOSCOW - A veteran nationalist the meetings was the initiation of steps and head of the "Roundtable" coalition to provide native-language education Appeal from Leonid Kravchuk of nationalists and anti-Communists for Moldavians in Ukraine and Ukrai– Following is the text of an appeal According to both Soviet and was elected president of Soviet Georgia, nians in Moldavia as well as the pro- from Leonid Kravchuk, chairman of international codes of law, there are reported Reuters. motion of creating a mechanism for the Ukrainian SS!R Supreme Soviet, no legal obstacles to direct Ukrainian The 51 -year-old Zviad Gamsakhur– consultation among popular fronts and to participants at the CSCE summit participatibri in the European pro- dia, the only candidate to run for the movements in various Soviet republics. in Paris. The appeal was translated cess. Ukraine's Declaration of So– office because of the earlier resignation (RFE;RL) into English by valentyn Moroz Jr. vereignty, adopted by the Ukrainian of the Communist government, won by 9 MUN1CH - The recently imple– of Radio Liberty. Supreme Soviet on July 16,1990, has a 232 to 5 margin. mented system of issuing coupons to laid the foundations for an indepen– He is the first non-Communist presi– Ukrainian consumers for a value of 70 To the honorable participants of dent foreign policy on the part of the dent of Georgia in more than 70 years. percent of their salaries (in addition to the Paris Conference: republic. According to the new president, their full pay in rubles) is creating chaos Ukraine fully agrees with and According to the declaration, as Georgia, a republic with a population of in the republic, reported the Washing- supports the goals and principles of well as Ukrainian SSR and the union 5.5 million, can secede from the Soviet ton Post on November 5. the Helsinki Final Act and other constitutions, Ukraine has the right Union, but only after a transition period The new system, which requires the documents of the Conference on to participate independently in all of five years. shopper to use the coupons in conjunc– Security and Cooperation in Europe. European forums and structures. "The struggle will continue," Mr. tion with rubles for most purchases of Ukraine is a large European state Gamsakhurdia, a former political food, gasoline and other goods, makes and its history and culture are an Realizing that Ukraine's direct prisoner, said, "but we shall re– it virtually impossible for non-residents integral part of European civiliza– participation in the European pro- frain. from declaring the republic's to make any purchases over 20 kopecks. 1 tion. Being one of the founding cess requires agreement from all independence because this will be Radio Kiev-2 reported on November І members of the United Nations and a participants of the Conference on passed only when independence is a 5 that coupon books are being stolen en 1 participant of the post-World War 11 Security and Cooperation in Europe, reality," Reuters quoted him as saying. masse from printshops and workplaces. І process of peaceful stabilization in І ask you to show understanding and The report added that, according to Spokesmen for Rukh, which favors Europe, Ukraine is willing and able, support for the aspirations of the TASS, the crimson, black and white the creation of a Ukrainian currency, : together with other nations, to be many-million-strong Ukrainian national flag of Georgia had been raised have expressed strong reservations responsible for developing peace and people. І wish conference partici– over the government building in Tbilisi, about the move. (RFE;RL Daily Re- ! cooperation in Europe. pants success in their work. the republic's capital. port)

Statement by Ukrainians, Armenians rouNDE 1933 Below is the full text of a state– surrender the fates of these nations ment by representatives of the Ukrai– and make them victims of the de– ulcrainianWeeHy ? nian and Armenian Parliaments velopment of security and coopera– An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National issued on November 20 in Paris, tion. Association inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, NJ. where a summit meeting of the 07302. Conference on Security and Coope– We want to be active participants ration in Europe was being held. in the activity of the CSCE, not for the purposes of confrontation, but, Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, NJ. 07302. ^^^^^^^(1SSN - 0273-9348)^^^^^^ On November 19, President Gor– on the contrary, to maintain stability in Europe and to strengthen our still bachev, speaking at the CSCE meet– Yearly subscription rate: S20; for UNA members - S10. weak democracies. We have not lost ing in Paris, characterized the aspira– Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. tions of nations living on the terri– hope that we will gain understanding tory of the USSR toward renewal of and support in the realization of this sacred right of every nation to self- The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: І their state independence as separa– (201) 434-0237, -0807, -3036 (201) 451-2200 tist and nationalistic, and promised determination, independence and to the European Community that he cooperation. Representatives of the Ukrainian Postmaster, send address j would fight these tendencies. changes to: Editor: Roma Hadzewycz Today, when security in Europe is, Parliament: Dmytro Pavlychko, і to a certain extent, defined by the Bohdan Horyn, ivan Drach. The Ukrainian Weekly Associate Editors: Marta Kolomayets Halstian Ambartsum, head of the P.O. Box 346 Chrystyna Lapychak peaceful culmination of processes Jersey City, NJ. 07303 ; that lead to the attainment of inde– Armenian delegation, and other pendence by nations of the USSR, it representatives of the Parliament of The Ukrainian Weekly, November 25.1990, No. 47, vol. Ш!І І is intolerable and;improvident to Агщедіа,, Copyright 1990 by The Ukrainian Weekly No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 з

Ukraine. Baltic... NEWS ANALYS1S: CSCE developing a new role (Continued from page 1) process. by irene Jarosewich However, both the idea, as well as the tution that can easily adapt to changes "Ukraine fully agrees with and sup- actual proposed changes to the process, and which has provided access to small ports the goals and principles of the Prior to this week's Paris summit of of the "new" CSCE are causing concern groups and individuals into a large Helsinki Final Act and other docu– the Conference on Security and Coope– and debate in the NGO community, in bureaucracy similar to the World Bank, ments of the Conference on Security ration in Europe, three briefings were particular, concern that a healthy Council of Europe, and numerous other and Cooperation in Europe," noted the held in Washington for representatives process will be weakened and that a international institutions and umbrella president of Ukraine. of non-governmental organizations long-time friend not become a foe. organizations. "There are no legal obstacles to direct (NGOs) that pointed to some of the During the fitst briefing on October According to Spencer Oliver, general Ukrainian participation in the Euro– doubts surrounding the celebration of 23, the issues of concern that would counsel of the House Foreign Affairs pean process. Ukraine's Declaration of the end of the cold war and the be– again be raised at subsequent briefings Committee, "another layer of bureau– Sovereignty, adopted by the Ukrainian ginning of a "new world order." On were identified. Speaking at this Con– cracy will give the sense that something October 28, November 6 and November gressional briefing were Jacques An– is being done, when in fact, not much is Supreme Soviet on July 16, 1990, had 13, the Commission on Security and laid the foundations for an independent dreani, France's ambassador to the being accomplished." Cooperation in Europe (the Helsinki United States; Ambassador Sam Wise, Rep. Dante Fascell, chairman of the foreign policy on the part of the re- Commission), the public affairs office of public." director of the Congressional Helsinki Foreign Affairs Committee and a for– the U.S. Department of State and the Commission; Philip Zelikow, director mer member of the Helsinki Commis– in order for Ukraine to become a National Security Council, respectively, of European security affairs, National member of the CSCE, a consensus of all sion, wrote of the problem in a recent invited representatives of NGOs to Security Council; and Raymond Seitz, commentary in the international member-states is required. listen to government officials explain assistant secretary of state for European Herold Tribune: "in the rush to The three people's deputies of the the changing role of CSCE and plans and Canadian affairs. embrace the CSCE as a panacea Ukrainian SSR who had traveled to the for the future. Representing Ukrainian Mr. Seitz also spoke at the State for the problems of the new Europe, French capital fof the CSCE meeting NGOs were Americans for Human Department conference, as did Deputy we must be careful not to crush the supported Mr. Kravchuk's appeals with Rights in Ukraine, the Ukrainian Na– Secretary of State Lawrence Eagle- breath out of an institution that not their own statement issued on Novem– tional Association Washington Office, burger. Both Mr. Seitz and Mr. only has survived the cold war, but ber 19. ^^^^^^ the Ukrainian National information Zelikow, as well as Johns Evans, CSCE contributed greatly to its demise... For full text of statements and ap– Service, the Ukrainian National Wo– coordinator, U.S. Department of State, Functioning by consensus, it has main– peals to the Conference on Security and men's League of America and Ukraine and David Gompert, special assistant to tained a remarkable flexibility...the Cooperation in Europe, see page 2. 2000. the president for national security secret of the organization's success has Since the 1975 signing of the Helsinki affairs, spoke at the NSC briefing. been precisely that there has been no Final Act, the 34-state Conference on, The official presentations at the three bureaucracy to which the real decision- Speaking on behalf of the democratic makers...could delegate their responsi– opposition in Ukraine's Parliament, the Security and Cooperation in Europe briefings were similar and Ambassador which includes the countries of Western Andreani set the tone when he spoke bility or authority. The organization National Council, and the Popular never had a headquarters or a staff or Movement of Ukraine, or Rukh, Europe, Eastern Europe, the Soviet optimistically of the new changes and Union, Canada and the United States, the new role proposed for CSCE. Paris even a mailing address...in a sense, the Messrs. Pavlychko, Horyn and Drach CSCE process has already been institu– stated: "The absence at the meeting of a has promoted human rights, military was an "opportunity for celebration and security (such as the arms agreement a time to examine the new situation." tionalized, developed in a unique and representative from one the largest fluid manner." European countries testifies to the fact signed in Paris last week) and economic CSCE would be used to fortify demo– that the European process has not yet cooperation among its members. The cracies and fledgling free market Another concern is that the West is acquired a full-blooded historically strategy of periodic follow-up meetings systems, give a sense of belonging to celebrating "a victory at half-time." objective character. ...By its Declara– to review compliance, consensus former bloc countries, become instru– When President George Bush speaks of tion of State Sovereignty, ... Ukraine decision-making among its member- mental in resolving national minority a "Europe whole and free," the message laid ... the foundations of its indepen– states, non-binding political agree– conflicts, continue to expand support is that the European part of the Soviet dent external activity." ments, public relations pressure, input for human rights and humanitarian Union is being passed over. For many of issues, and become increasingly in– "Europe cannot end at the borders of from non-governmental organizations those representing constituencies in the and the goals of individual rights, volved in trans-boundary environmen– Soviet Union, the West's support for the USSR. The process of creation of tal issues. independent states from the former democracy, freedom and the free- what is still basically a one-party republics of the last empire in the world market economy became popularly Mr. Seitz later added that CSCE is authoritarian state is incomprehensible. is the most important event in Europe. known as the "Helsinki process." The not meant to replace NATO, but that This support also reduces the possibility To welcome the emerging state forma– success and the vindication of this NATO is too exclusive, and that CSCE that individuals within that system can tions on the territory of the USSR is a process, the end of the cold war, and the provides a better forum for cooperative still find a sympathetic voice outside of moral and political obligation of demo– end of the division between East and challenges, it is important to send the their government. West, are being celebrated today. Soviet Union a message that it need not cratic Europe," they emphasized. Self-determination Their statement also pointed out that use troops to be heard. For Ukrainians the human rights However, only Ambassador Wise Also for those representing consti– there is no representative of Ukraine on agenda of this process provided an the Soviet delegation to the CSCE touched on a key issue for many of those tuencies in the Soviet Union the issue of effective forum for the past 15 years present, that being that it would be self-determination and the process of summit. through which the abuses of the Soviet They reported that an attempt to necessary to ensure the implementation accepting emerging new nations is system could be brought to interna– and maintenance of previous CSCE crucial. There is concern that CSCE will include Ukraine's Foreign Minister tional attention. Many of the activists in Anatoliy Zlenko on that delegation „was commitments in order to sustain the turn into an "old countries network." the forefront of today's progressive success of the process to date. Further- Current CSCE agreements between turned down by the leadership of the changes in Ukraine, such as Mykhailo republic - since Ukraine wanted to more, only when the root causes of member-states honor existing boun– Horyn, Lev Lukianenko, My kola Ru– insecurity are addressed, i.e., the disre– daries, including those of the Soviet send its own delegation — and that talks denko, iryna Kalynets, Hanna Myhai– on this subject between Kiev and Mos– gard for the rights of individuals and Union and through all three briefings, lenko, Oles Shevchenko and vyache– minorities, can one hope for real respondents consistently side-stepped cow were not successful. slav Chornovil were once political pri– The next day, November 20, repre– security. the issue of national self-determination. soners whose release was championed On one hand, the United States sup- sentatives of the Ukrainian and Arme– by the CSCE. NGO concerns nian Parliaments present in Paris — the Throughout the briefings, the partici– ports self-determination, on the other latter headed by Halstian Ambartsum, in Ukraine, the Ukrainian Hel– pants were reassured by government hand it notes, "we must proceed with issued a statement reacting to Soviet sinki Monitoring Group was formed officials that the CSCE would remain caution with regard to the Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev's cha– to monitor Soviet human rights viola– committed to human rights, including Union." racterization of the aspirations of tions, and in the West, Ukrainian the rights of minorities and national When a representative from World nations living on the present territory of community groups and non-govern– self-determination, democracy, includ– Relief Fund asked about U.S. strategy the USSR as "separatist and nationa– mental organizations rallied to under– ing free elections and a multi-party with regard to the Soviet"disunion," listic." score the plight of Ukrainian political system, and the rule of law. These Mr. Seitz testily snapped "Stop the "it is intolerable and improvident to and religious prisoners. Through the' principles would remain at the core of rhetoric and get to your point." At the surrender the fates of these nations and Helsinki process Ukrainians had the any agreements; any process under- NGO hearing, Mr. Seitz stated that make them victims of the development possibility of direct, if informal, access taken by the United States government. "one of our greatest fears is a fractured of security and cooperation," they to an important international forum. After the optimistic presentations, area from Europe to the Urals," imply– noted. With the dramatic changes in Europe, the questions began. An issue brought ing that the Baltics, Ukraine, Armenia, "We want to be active participants in the disintegration of the Warsaw Pact, up at every briefing was the proposed Georgia, and presumably Russia, are the activity of the CSCE not for the the role of CSCE has been given greater change in the structure of the CSCE. not a part of Europe, and are not purposes of confrontation, but, on the visibility, in particular, by Mikhail Gor– Among the new structures to be created nations, rather "fractured areas." contrary, to maintain stability in Eu– bachev who suggested early this past for the CSCE are a permanent Se– Though there are international stan– rope and strengthen our still weak spring that the CSCE become a more cretariat in Prague, a parliamentary dards by which new countries can be democracies," they stressed. prominent forum for cooperation in mechanism as yet undefined, a "Con– recognized, Mr. Seitz several times cited The Ukrainian and Armenian dele– military, economic and humanitarian flict Resolution Center," which could a particular one, the ability for a nation gations concluded their statement with spheres. And it was the Soviet leader replace the successful review meetings, to guarantee its borders. Historically an expression of hope that they will gain who suggested convening a CSCE sum– and an "Office of Free Elections," which there have been exceptions to this the understanding and support of mit. conceivably would duplicate many of standard, and Mr. Seitz's reliance on CSCE member-states for the "realiza– At present, the CSCE is the only the election monitoring functions car– this standard promoted one Estonian tion of the sacred rights of every nation framework that unites most of the states ried out by existing organizations. activist to respond "with that kind of to self-determination, independence of Europe, together with the Soviet There is a fear that CSCE will shift logic, the United States should recog– and cooperation." Union, the United States and Canada. from being an accessible, flexible insti– (Continued on page 15) 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 No. 47

Ukrainian ecological association begins joint projects with North Americans NEWARK, N.J. - Yuriy Mish– integral part of the fundamental human chenko and Anatoly Panov of the rights of all. Zelenyi Svit (Green World) Association During the peace walk, Mr. Dudko in Ukraine are touring Canada and the spoke at length at the daily roundtable United States during the months of discussions to the American partici– October, November and December. pants about the tragic state of Ukraine's This is the first of its kind — a joint ecology, i.e., the Chornobyl explosion, project between the Zelenyi Svit (Green chemical and radiation pollution, al– World) Association of Ukraine, Ameri– tered water levels in waterways of cans for Human Rights in Ukraine . Ukraine, erosion of soil, etc. He also (AHRU) of the United States and made it possible for Ms. Olshaniwsky to ECOLOS, an ecological arm of the speak publicly before the greeting Friends of Rukh Committee in Canada. throngs in five Ukrainian cities both in Messrs. Mishchenko and Panov, as the Ukrainian and English languages. well as Dr. Dmytro Hrodzinsky of Since 1988, several more U.S.-USSR Zelenyi Svit, were invited by the Ukrai– peace walks were conducted on Ukrai– nian World Engineers' Association to nian soil: from the Transcarpathian participate in the Toronto-based confe– region to Kiev in 1989 (with Andrij With the Seabrook, nuclear power plant in the background, (from left) are Anatolv rence "Ecology in Ukraine" in October Kurylko of New Jersey and Evhen Panov, Bozhena Olshaniwsky, Yuriy Mishchenko and Paul Gunther of the Clr after which they toured Canada for two Duvalkp of Canada participating) and Shell Alliance. weeks under the sponsorship of Kharkiv to Kiev in 1990 (with Lubomyr ECOLOS and then came to the United Kurylko of New Jersey and Maria ecological problems of Ukraine. protests against the Seabrook atomic States on the invitation and sponsor- Kowalska of Australia participating). A On July 14, Zelenyi Svit representa– power station in New Hampshire. ship of AHRU. bicycle tour for peace is planned for tives convened in Kiev to adopt by-laws Messrs. Mishchenko and Panov, ECOLOS came into being during the 1991 in Ukraine. of the Ecological Fund of Ukraine with Ms. Olshaniwsky interpreting, children's thallium poisoning sickness These types of international coopera– (ECOFOND) and to elect its seven- spoke about the extensive ecological in Chernivtsi, Ukraine, and has been tive activities served as opportunities member board of directors who are to problems in Ukraine to educators, working on the following ecological for contacts between American and meet four times a year. Mrs. Olshaniw– professors, high school and college issues ever since: printing of several non-American activists as well as with sky, president of AHRU, was asked by students, media and press representa– pamphlets and booklets in Ukrainian the people in Ukraine. the council of Zelenyi Svit to serve as a tives plus a number of organizations and English, press releases, articles and in the fall of 1988, Zelenyi Svit director on its ECOFOND board. She and groups which included Greens, developing contacts with Zelenyi Svit, organized a massive demonstration in agreed to serve. peaceniks, anti-nukes, women's rights, AHRU and other ecological organiza– Kiev with hundreds of thousands of ECOFOND of Ukraine is in the Quakers, the Green Party and other tions. participants during which Dr. Yuriy process of organizing financial, admi– New England activists. They used slides AHRU connected with the Green Shcherbak spoke out against the go– nistrative and legal assistance to insti– of Chornobyl area and the "Mikrofon" movement in Ukraine in the summer of vernment's neglect of people who still tutions or individuals who will do the video to add emphasis to their state– 1988 during the U.S.-USSR Peace lived in the radioactive zones of Chor– planning and implementation of ecolo– ments. Walk from Odessa to Kiev in which nobyl. During this demonstration, the gical projects in Ukraine. Funding for The presentations on the post-Chor– Bozhena Olshaniwsky and Wasyl Ky– plug of the microphone was pulled ECOFOND is expected to come from nobyl radiation fallout in Ukraine chun, AHRU's president and treasurer, which caused a violent reaction of the dues and contributions from founda– stimulated a keen interest among the respectively, participated and learned participants who chanted "micro- tions, associations and other groups in audiences and groups. At the end of about the Greens in Ukraine from phone" and on the basis of which the Ukraine and beyond, in addition, presentations, individuals in the au– Sviatoslav Dudko, then its executive documentary film "Mikrofon" was private business ventures and other dience invariably asked: "What can we secretary. created. commercial or economic activities will do to help?" The answer given by The Greens insist that the right to Since then, many projects and public be undertaken in accordance with its Messrs. Mishchenko and Panov was to clean air, water and environment is the meetings and demonstrations have been by-laws. help the children who still live in the right of every individual and is an organized by Zelenyi Svit dealing with in September, the Green Party was radioactive zones of Ukraine, to sen'' officially formed at a founding meeting them vitamins in order to sustain th in Kiev during which Dr. Shcherbak nutrition. was elected its first president. Since Tentative plans were formulated by External Affairs official speaks Ukraine served as fertile ground for the Mr. Gunther and AHRU to network growth and development of a move– with other Greens in the world for on Canadian-Ukrainian relations ment that had as its goals not only the actions to commemorate the fifth by Oksana Zakydalsky servant and a Ukrainian Canadian, has protection and cleaning up of its nature anniversary of the Chornobyl disaster been chosen to fill the position of the and environment but also political in 1991. TORONTO - Patrick Boyer, mem– consul-general. He is now in Kiev involvement in working for indepen– Upon completion of the New En- ber of Parliament and parliamentary working on the details of the consulate dence of Ukraine, it was only natural of gland tour the two Ukrainians traveled secretary to Joe Clark, Canada's Mi– and it is expected that he will assume his the Green Party to evolve out of the to California at the invitation and nister of External Affairs, spoke on duties at the beginning of next year. Zelenyi Svit movement. sponsorship of the Center for U.S.- Canadian-Ukrainian relations on No– Mr. Gayowsky served as Mr. Boyer's The evident contrast of the relative USSR initiatives. Following their vember 18 on the invitation of the guide to Kiev on his recent visit there. strength of the Greens in Ukraine — California speaking tour they returned Canadian Friends of Rukh. Mr. Boyer said that the highlight of his compared to the relative weakness of to New Jersey and, under sponsorship He described the progress made in the visit was his address at the Rukh the Greens in the United States — was of AHRU, are continuing to appear and establishment of the Canadian Consu– congress, where.he got a standing brought up and discussed on numerous tour the East Coast of the United States. late in Kiev. The Kiev Consulate was ovation — something that a Conserva– occasions during the New England tour For further information on the ecoio– announced by the Canadian prime tive. politician in Canada rarely receives by Messrs. Mishchenko and Panov. gical tour in the U.S., please call or write minister during his visit to Ukraine in today. This tour was sponsored and coordi– to: Bozhena Olshaniwsky, Americans October 1989. nated by Clam Shell Alliance's director for Human Rights in Ukraine (AHRU), it is to be a Consulate-General, with His comment on the political situa– Paul Gunther of Concord, N.H. The 43 Midland Place, Newark, N.J. 07106; full diplomatic staff responsible direct– tion in Ukraine was that things were Alliance came into being as a result of (201) 373-9729, fax (201) 373-4755. ly to Ottawa, and not a branch of the indeed moving very quickly, that he was Canadian Embassy in Moscow. surprised to find that even the Council There had been some problems in of Ministers is pro-independence. He finding suitable premises, but the said that in the current transitional reunification of Germany has freed up phase, Canada's position would be to the East German Consulate and a lease try to build a partnership with the new for this building is now under negotia– order. tion. it is a large, modern building, with He pointed out that next year, the three residential apartments. Two 'centenary of Ukrainian settlement in engineers have been sent from Ottawa Canada, would be an opportune time to to check the building. persuade the Canadian government to During the recent worldwide Ukrai– develop new links with Ukraine direct– nian physicians' Congress in Ukraine, a iy. proposal was made to establish a Already, John Crosbie, minister of resource center which would have international trade, has brought back medical, scientific and professional an invitation from the Ukrainian Coun– journals and publications from the cil of Ministers to Ramon Hnatyshyn, West. Such information has been great– Canada's Governor-General, to come ly controlled up to now. The Canadian to Ukraine next year. government has agreed to have this Next year would be the beginning of a resource center located in the Canadian new century of Ukrainian-Canadian Consulate. relations, Mr. Boyer said, adding that in Concord, N.H., headquarters of the Clam Shell Alliance (from left) are Yuriy Mr. Boyer informed the audience he hoped this would be with a truly Mishchenko, Anatoly Panov, writer and anti-nuke activist Mary Jane Williams that Nestor Gayowsky, a career civil independent Ukraine. and Bozhena Olshaniwsky. ,vKf'io teosbv. 'WA Ь,т^ No. 47 " THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 5 Reborn youth organization holds first national conference in Ukraine by Oksana Zakydalsky program was devoted to reports from working document for later approval. Constitutional Committee, headed by regional Plast groups, discussions of the Another point of discussion, and ihor Hryniv, is to finalize a constitution MORSHYN, Ukraine - The first national constitution and national some disagreement, was whether to based on the working document. The national conference of Plast in Ukraine organizational structure. create a national organizational struc– Camp Committee, headed by Bohdan was held in Morshyn, 70 kilometers There were delegates from: Lviv, ture. Some wanted a national executive Heneha of Lviv, is to coordinate sum– south of Lviv, on October 19-21. Al– Ternopil, Drohobych, Morshyn, ivano– so that the organization could be mer camps among the regions. Two though it had been billed as a founding Frankivske, Stryi, Kiev, Sambir, Lut– registered officially at the national level, Leadership Training Committees — for conference, the delegates decided to ske, Rivne, Donetske and Dniprope– while others expressed reservations, "yunaky" (headed by Oleh Pokalchuk postpone the establishment of a na– trovske. The reports from the regions - saying that this would be a mere shell as of Lutske and for "novaky" (headed by tional structure and approved only a gave a picture of an organization still in the regional organizations were still Lesia Pasichnyk of Lviv) are to orga– working draft constitution. its embryonic stage, not surprising as it weak and attention must be given first nize training sessions and seminars. The Plast, an organization founded in has existed for only a few months. to strengthening the foundations. Economic Committee, under Oles Kry– 1912 in western Ukraine, was declared The most developed organization is The latter view prevailed; most felt skiv of Lviv, is to look after all the illegal by the Polish government in in Lviv, with 30 groups (hurtky) of that they needed to create a sound base material needs of the organization, such 1930. Only in February of this year, 60 young boys and girls. Organizational and only then create a national struc– as printing of literature and obtaining years later, did it again become an structures exist also in Lutske, Kiev and ture, although need for some coordina– campsites. Чїсіаі organization in Ukraine when it ivano-Frankivske, while the other tion of work was acknowledged. The committee chairpersons, toge– s registered with the Lviv City regions have groups of supporters who Thus the conference set up several ther with regional representatives, form council. are interested in setting up the organiza– committees, each to deal with a particu– a national coordinating council, whose A Lviv Oblast Conference was held in tion but lack qualified leaders. ar function of the organization. The (Continued on page 13) May, where an acting national council All the delegates spoke of the enthu– was set up to prepare a national confe– siasm shown by both parents and young rence and draft a constitution. people for Plast, but pointed out some Plast in Ukraine: personal impressions There were 58 delegates to the confe– of the problems: lack of qualified rence, and over 100 guests, including leaders, lack of training manuals, the Plast members from the U.S., Canada, difficulties in obtaining premises for Germany, Poland, Latvia and Estonia. activities. Representing the Plast executive coun– The national constitution was dis– cil were Petro Sodol and Ludmilla cussed next. A draft version was pre– Darmohraj of the United States. sented by the acting national council The town of Morshyn is a resort town but, showing that people had prepared — not only for Ukraine but for the for this conference, an alternative whole Soviet Union, it is unusual to version was presented by Orest Schott of hear Ukrainian spoken on the streets, Lviv. After both versions were read which were filled with people trying to through, it was decided to accept the catch the last warm days of autumn. alternative version as a working docu– Thus, they were curious about this ment for discussion. sudden "Ukrainian invasion," milled The delegates approached this task about the local cinema, the site of the seriously, conscious of the fact that their conference, and asked questions about decisions would have long-term conse– the uniforms, about the badges, about quences. They felt that they could not where delegates and guests were from. give adequate attention to approving a The main part of the conference final version and agreed to keep the Oksana Zakydalsky of Toronto (third from right) with young Plast members in Lviv. Slightly more than a year ago, in was prominently featured. This was July of 1989,1 had taken a group of the first time that post-war Ukraine young Plast members from Toronto had seen a mention of Plast without and Montreal to Lviv on the first the usual "bourgeois military organi– youth exchange between Ukraine zation" label attached to it. and Canada. There had been 14 of interest in Plast was beginning. them, age 14 to 18, but the fact that We made some contacts and dis– they were members of Plast, as were І cussed the possibility of inviting and my co-leader, Taras Gula, did potential organizers to Canada, not figure officially. although 1 was still sceptical and The invitation from the Junior asked "will they let you go?" Academy of Lviv, sent by its director, І was back in Ukraine in October Prof, ihor Yukhnovsky, had been to to attend both the second Rukh "students of Toronto." But unoffi– congress and first national Plast cially, since all my contacts with conference, in the past year 1 had young people were through Plast, made many friends among the or– this is where 1 went to form the ganizers of Plast. Four of them had group. come to Canada for leadership train–' While we were in Ukraine, the Lviv ing; the group from the Junior paper and television program fea– Academy had also been to Canada tured interviews with our group. The and spent a week at a Plast camp. Delegates at the conference included: (beginning with second from left) Mykola (Continued on page 12) SuSshuk of Kiev, Orest Schott and Halyna Potiuk of Lviv. fact that we were members of Plast

Among Plast leaders at the youth organization's first conference were: (from left) volodymyr Skorubsky of Kiev, Bohdan Hasiuk of Lviv, Oleh Pokalchuk of Lutske, W4 Orest Schott of Lviv. б THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 No. 47

Commentary Ukrainian Weekly The case for independent Ukraine Dirty tricks, again by Dr. David Marples minority. The case of Ukrainian People's Deputy Stepan Khmara becomes curiouser it is true that there are wide regional and curiouser. CONCLUSION differences in Ukraine today, and that Last week, we reported that the Chervonohrad dentist, national rights there are two "national" churches: the activist and former political prisoner - who happens to be one of the most Turning to the political situation. Ukrainian Orthodox and Ukrainian outspoken members of the democratic opposition, the National Council, in There are currently 15 registered politi– Greek-Catholic, or Uniate Church. the Ukrainian SSR Supreme Soviet, had been stripped of his immunity as a cal parties in the republic, rendering it a There are also, as noted above, large people's deputy. A strange vote in the Ukrainian Parliament (it now appears genuinely, pluralistic society. Since minority groups of Russians, Poles and that there was no quorum) on November 14 paved the Way for Mr. Khmara's 1972, the Communist Party of Ukraine Jews, and east Ukrainian cities remain arrest and the filing of criminal charges. has run Ukraine oppressively, stifling heavily Russified. But neither religious, This week we reported that on November 17, a group of militamen directed local initiative. Over the past year, nor ethnic differences preclude the by unidentified persons in civilian clothing entered, the Supreme Soviet however, the authority of the party has development of a national state. building where Mr. Khmara and several of his supporters — fellow deputies declined seriously. This is evident from The Popular Movement, or Rukh - — had been on a hunger strike since November 14, and arrested Mr. a brief examination of events in the which now favors separatism and re– Khmara. He was last reported to be in Lukianivka Prison. Ukrainian Parliament since last May, cently held its second All-Ukrainian Also this week, deputies of the National Council attempted to bring the when it began its first session. Congress - has continued to empha– Khmara case up for discussion, but were rebuffed in their attempts by the The elections had resulted in a large size the preservation of minority rights Parliament chairman, Leonid Kravchuk. majority for the Communist Party: a in an independent Ukraine. Similarly, Meanwhile, at a press conference held to discuss the Khmara case, result less of its general popularity than Mr. Pavlychko, chairman of the Ukrai– witnesses appeared to offer their observations^noting that Mr. Khmara was of its firm control over the mechanisms nian Language Society now called not guilty of assault but, on the contrary, called on the public to maintain of the election process: printing presses, Prosvita has consistently maintained calm. Also, several troubling facts about the incident were revealed. copying machines, radio, television and that every national minority in Ukraine Now it appears that the woman who claimed to have been assaulted by Col. newspapers. The Democratic Bloc was has the right to education in its native ihor Hryhoriev of the interior Ministry forces is not who she claims to be; that limited to 88 of the 450 seats. Through language, in short, the democratic she actually actively searched for People's Deputy Khmara to make her its activity, desertions from the Com– forces of Ukraine have manifested a accusations; and that she declined to make her own written statement about munist camp, and the unexpected and notable tolerance for and understand– the incident, preferring instead to simply sign a prepared statement. bitterly opposed departure of party ing of Ukraine's multi-national society. The militia, throughout the whole incident, refused to get involved, leader Yolodymyr ivashko to Mr. Another essential point to consider is obviously letting events unfold. Col. Hryhoriev, on his part, did not reveal his identity, and, according to witnesses, at one point punched Mr. Khmara in the stomach. To many political leaders in the Western world, it is Rukh laywers who have reviewed information regarding the incident and inconceivable that a full-fledged national state interviewed witnesses have concluded that the entire episode was a provocation aimed, first of all, at Mr. Khmara, a leading spokesman for the could emerge without requiring even a formal radical faction of the National Council, as well as the democratic bloc. They point out that the provocation can be considered part of a larger allegiance to Moscow. Such a view not only lacks campaign against democratic forces in the republic. foresight, it is devoid of reality. Already on November 12, when the Supreme Soviet resumed its work after a 10-day recess due to holidays connected with the anniversary of the October Revolution, groups of demonstrators carrying red Soviet flags began to Gorbachev's presidential council, and that Ukrainians of all political persua– gather near the Parliament building — but not, as had been decreed, outside a popular discontent, the Communist sions appear to support independence, one-kilometer zone surrounding the building. This time, press services in majority has dwindled to a bare 239. either within or outside a revised union. Ukraine reported, the militia appeared to have forgotten this limitation on A recent popularity poll conducted On July 16, the vote in an ostensibly public demonstrations. ' by the Center for Political Psychology divided parliament was 355-4 in favor of The demonstrators gathered on the plaza adjoining the Supreme Soviet in Kiev discovered that less than 1 the declaration of state sovereignty. Why building, with banners and placards (many of them in Russian) proclaiming percent of the 2,842 polled approved of should such aspirations be thwarted, or "Democracy - yes; anarchy - no," "He who is with Bandera is against party leader Stanislav Hurenko. (De– declared a precursor of violence and God," "Rukh — council of Ukrainian chameleons," "We support a new union mocratic Bloc deputy volodymyr Ya– anarchy? One could equally well argue treaty," "Bring deputy Khmara to trial." it was learned that the vorivsky, on the other hand, received that 73 years of enforced membership in demonstrators had arrived in some 30 buses from the Odessa, Kherson and almost 41 percent of popular approval). the USSR has brought little reward. Mykolayiv oblasts in southern Ukraine. While Rukh refrained from declaring Historically, the years of Soviet rule The next day, another group of demonstrators appeared near the Supreme itself a political party, its members have led only to unprecedented suffer– Soviet building — this time they were from the Zaporizhzhia oblast. From filtered out among new popular forma– ing. An August conference in Kiev some of the demonstrators it was learned that for participating in a day of tions: the Ukrainian Democratic Party, which discussed the Ukrainian Famine protests in Kiev, they were to be given three days off or extra pay. led by influential former Communists of 1932-1933, and was made up of both Such demonstrations have continued on succeeding days, apparently the such as Dmytro Pavlychko; the Ukrai– Soviet and Western scholars, concluded work of certain interested parties (or a certain party) who have cleverly nian Green Party under Dr. Yuriy that the famine was an act of genocide orchestrated the entire show. Shcherbak; and perhaps most impor– against the Ukrainians as a nation. Evidently, the hardline Communist forces in the USSR have decided it is tant, the openly separatist Ukrainian During the purges of the 1930s, Ukrai– time they put a stop to the work of democrats and patriotic Ukrainians. Republican Party, led by Levko Lukia– nians proportionally suffered more than They've reverted to using old tactics - tried and true — aimed at discrediting nenko. The political atmosphere has any other national group in the Soviet their opponents, setting up provocations and fabricating cases against them. changed so radically that were there a Union. Whether one adheres to the Clearly, the case against Stepan Khmara is proof that" the Communist new parliamentary election tomorrow, theory of genocide is immaterial to the forces are up to their dirty tricks, again. the consensus is that the party's repre– main point: Ukrainians suffered unduly sentation would dwindle to a tiny and unnecessarily during the early years of Soviet rule. Dr. David R. Marples is a research Similarly, reannexation of the terri– associate at the University of Alberta- tories of western Ukraine after the war Turning the pages back... based Canadian institute of Ukrainian was accompanied by deportations, Studies and director of its Program for open warfare in the, villages between the Study of Contemporary Ukraine. Ukrainian insurgents and M vD troops, This paper was originally presented at a and mass collectivization of farms Mykhailo Hrushevsky, one of the most distinguished banquet of the annual meeting of the between 1948 and 1951, which helped to Ukrainian historians, as well as a prominent political leader, Saskatchewan Teachers of Ukrainian deprive the guerrilla rebels of food. civic activist, publicist and writer, was born on September held November 3 in Saskatoon. (Continued on page 14) 29, 1866, in Kholm. While a student at the classical gymnasium in Tiflis in the Caucasus, Hrushevsky began writing belles lettres in Ukrainian, with his first published story appearing in the 1885 in the newspaper Dilo. UNA Fund for the Rebirth of Ukraine As president of the Shevchenko Scientific Society, a post he was elected to in 1987, he reorganized the society, founded a library and museum, actively collected funds, ^^JND^ The Home Office of the Ukrainian National and established a plethora of contacts with scholars and academic institutions. Association reports that, as of November 21, Personally, he collaborated closely with ivan Franko for many years. the fraternal organization's newly established Of the numerous achievements of the energetic historian, such as co-founding Fund for the Rebirth of Ukraine has received Literaturno-Naukovyi visnyk and Ukrainskiy vistnyk, co-organizing the 4,243 checks from its members with donations Ukrainian Publishing Association, andco-founding the Ukrainian Scientific Society, perhaps the most significant is his "istoriya Ukrainy-Rusi" (History of totalling Si07,086.60. The contributions Ukraine-Rus'): a monumental multi-volume work which comprised the most include individual members' donations, as well detailed synthesis of Ukrainian history ever written. as returns of members' dividend checks and The Encyclopedia of Ukraine writes: "Hrushevsky's accomplishments, as the 4 interest payments on promissory notes. scholar who realized the principal task of Ukrainian historiography... as the ^JOW (Continued on page 11) No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 7 Follow-up on Rukh congress: excerpts of principal addresses This week, The Weekly continuescontinues decreased by more than 20 percent 1YAIVAN ZAYETS of all-union domination of ou:r enter- publishing excerpts of principal ad- (mostly at the cost of oblasts in eastern vice-chairman of the Rukh Council of prises, ministries, as well as the CPU. dresses delivered at the Second-All Ukraine). Collegia. That is why 1 do not rule out extreme Ukrainian Congress of the Popular ...in accordance with a statement by Political Aspects of Economic Reform means of influencing the authorities, Movement of Ukraine. The speeches the World Health Organization, in Ukraine. such as strikes and civil unrest. ... were delivered during the first two days "Health is a state of complete physical, Ukraine does not wish to be a servant of the Rukh congress, October 25 and spiritual and social well-being, not ...Ukraine today yearns for indepen– or Moscow, or of anyone else. The basic 26. merely the absence of illness and physi– . dence and prosperity. Whether this directives for stabilization of the eco– cal defects." longtime dream of our nation is realized nomy proposed by Gorbachev are yet LUBOMYR PYR1H And where is our social, our spiritual depends on the route and pace of another attempt at chasing us into a Member of the Rukh Grand Council well-being? Let's not be idealists — it is economic reform in Ukraine. ... The corner, of taking away from us any Medicine in Ukraine and the Nation's difficult to attain "complete ... spiritual time of final decision has arrived: either opportunity to determine our own " Health and social well-being" for all in any state. we strive for our own democratic economic reform. But the state we have reached does not market economy, or for dictatorship, We must unequivocally state that we ...in accordance with official statisti– need to be detailed... Therefore, civil which always follows on the heels of are choosing our own route, we are cal data, during the past 10 years the fre– rights are an inalienable part of the economic chaos. choosing a social market economy, we quency of hypertonia among the popu– concept of "health" in its medical sense. The brave hunger strikes of the are choosing cooperative ventures with lation of Ukraine grew by 5.3 times; students and the resignation of Chair- the world, and we are seeking a place for stenocardia has grown by more than man of the Council of Ministers Masol ourselves in the world economic arena. four times; myocardial attack by nearly SERHIY HOLOVATY are prime examples of the fact that the ...Today Ukraine is artifically closed off two times; and ulcerous illnesses, which Deputy chairman of the Council of nation of Ukraine yearns for radical in the isolated world of the Soviet can be considered the result of social Collegia. economic reform, it yearns to create an empire. Only integration into the world tension, the instability of everyday life "Ukraine on the Path to a Lawful State" economy of the social type that is based economy will allow us to realistically and poor sanitary practices. A growth on principles of free enterprise, an gauge the true state of affairs, the scale by 1.5 times in the number of cases of ...The history of Soviet Ukrainian independent financial-credit and bank of the crisis and our real opportunities bronchial asthma can be explained by statehood is a period of development of system, its own currency, non-inter– regarding routes and means toward environmental pollution and unhealthy an authoritarian regime based on a ference of the state in business life, economic renewal. Without broad living and work conditions. The fre– model proceeding from "dictatorship of introduction of an effective mechanism international cooperation, without the quency of diabetes has grown by 42 the proletariat" to "dictatorship of the for social protection of the public, help of developed countries — credits, percent — the result of an unbalanced CPSU" ^Communist Party of the Soviet openness to the outside world. Let me capital investment, sharing of know- diet and, once again, a stressful life and UnionJ. remind you that this precisely was the ledge and access to modern technology poor hygiene. The distribution of Aspiring to end absolutism (indivi– route recommended by Rukh already at — without taking into account world- oncological illnesses during the past 10 dual, as in the case of party leaders, or its first congress, for which it was wide experiences in the determination years has increased by 15 percent, it is corporate as in the case of the CPSU), unfairly accused by conservative forces, of economic questions, our reform will only fair to note, however, that the the Popular Movement of Ukraine has headed by the CPU (Communist Party not be successful. incidence of rheumatic disease de- declared as its goal the creation in of Ukraine), of separatism and nationa– Therefore, the first priority for our creased during the period. Ukraine of a lawful state. lism. organs of authority is dismantling this in 1986, a deep wound appeared on A lawful state is one that is based on Today it is completely evident that artificially imposed isolation from the the body of Ukraine, caused by the law. The idea of the rule of law in the life world. ... of the people, society and state has old economic transformations are being Chornobyl catastrophe which, in addi– blocked by a stalemate of political ...Our state must act as quickly as tion to mobilization of social and roots: it arose as a reaction to arbitrary rule and high-handedness. ... reform. The nature of organs of autho– possible to create its own representa– spiritual forces demands huge medical rity essentially .has not changed, with tions abroad, especially diplomatic and^ efforts? ,q. We do ,not have a complete , 11."y SinQe the Доyiet state; ^rpse as a ЩЇЩ of dicta^aj^jp, fc^y the worjcipg fhe exception perhaps of several local trade representations, beginning with picture of the medical consequences of ; louncibs. The.statestiil is the property of rieighbaring countries and continually; the Chornobyl catastrophe, since the class, and class dictatorship as a cha– racteristic of that state meant, accord– the CPU, as is the KGB, the judicial expanding; these contacts, fundamental mass of information is System, the means of mass communica– these contacts. stranded in safes - among them, the ing to Lenin: "unlimited authority, ... based on coercion," it is not difficult to tion. ... The existing authority does not in today's situation, when the state safes of the Third Department of the belong to the people, though it is the policies of many countries of the world Ministry of Health of the USSR. reach the conclusion that the Soviet form of Ukrainian statehood has no people who are the sources of authority. are oriented toward Moscow, Rukh Mass treatment for children should future. The future of Ukraine is an But we have no other authority, and should speak out, while utilizing its con- be organized. One has the impression independent democratic republic. this will be the case for the near future. tacts with our patriotic Ukrainian that unhealthy ambitions, including Thus, we are left with the problem of diaspora. political ambitions, have become in– Based on the premise that the founda– tion of a lawful state is the sovereignty how the people can influence this ...Changing the existing economic volved. authority. order is indispensable for Ukraine. That A1DS - perhaps the most dangerous of the nation, one must recognize that a national state can be the only sovereign it would be desirable to adopt, as is why we must develop an economic epidemic in the history of humanity - soon as possible, a law about recall of frontier based on new principles, prin– is threatening us. Developed countries form of public authority in Ukraine. ... The Ukrainian SSR was deprived of deputies and referenda. ... it is also ciples of independence, market rela– respond in an organized manner, fully necessary to prepare a referendum tions, pacts, inter-state agreements. armed in accordance with the latest internal sovereignty as a result of the usurpation of authority in the USSR regarding confidence in the councils. Firstly, we must normalize economic achievements of research and medical ...it is essential to already today relations with our neighbors, especially practice, in Ukraine thus far there are by the CPSU. The USSR, in a juridical sense, is a "half-state" that is not prepare for the introduction of the with Russia, our principal economic 53 carriers, but by the end of the century institution of the presidency, because partner, by signing inter-state agree– is it expected that tens of thousands will capable of becoming a lawful state as a result of the direct dependence of its the presidency today remains perhaps ments and eliminating the center as the be ill. At present we are unable to give the only means of gaining the trust of intermediary. them medical or social assistance. ... structures and functions on the will of the CPSU. the nation, especially once the Supreme ...While presenting this generally Demographic indicators testify to the Soviet confirms a half-way program of negative report on the activity of organs decrease in births (1980 - 14.8, 1989 - ...the transition to true sovereign status of the Ukrainian state, and economic reform. The presidency will of authority, we must single out many 13.4 per 1,000 of the population) - the become a means toward radicalization local councils that express their political lowest in the Soviet Union, and an therefore, to a lawful state, is possible only on condition that the CPSU is of economic reform. ... will for economic reform. This con– increase in mortality (11.4 and 11.6 per We must decisively liquidate all types. (Continued on page 13) 1,000, respectively, for 1980 and removed from state authority in the 1989). ... Ukrainian SSR. All the evils experienced by the The removal of the CPSU from Ukrainian nation during the past 90 authority in Ukraine is the condition years — two world wars, famines, sine qua non of a democratic Ukraine. repressions, ... Chornobyl, chemical That is why this must become one of the pollution of the environment, all this fundamental aims ot Rukh's activity.... could not but have an effect on the genb The removal of the CPSU from pool of the Ukrainian nation. Unfor– authority in Ukraine should be realized tunately, we do not have detailed data through a peaceful parliamentary on these problems. route...... All citizens of Ukraine who today Last year the lowest infant mortality are members of the CPSU should rate for Ukraine was recorded — 14.8 realize that by remaining within the per 1,000 newborns (in comparison, in ranks of an organization that by its very Latvia it is 10.9, in Turkmenia, 54.2). nature and existence denies the state However, this figure is more than two sovereignty of Ukraine — because it is a times higher than that in developed union-wide, centralizing and power- countries. The tempo of population usurping structure — they, these mem– growth is decreasing. Especially ca– bers of the CPSU, knowingly, semi– tastrophic is the situation in villages: if knowingly and unknowingly hamper the in the past 30 years the urban popula– process of making Ukraine sovereign, tion grew by approximately 60 to 70 of gaining for it the status,of a demo– Registration at the table set aside for delegates from Lvano-Frankivske, percent, then the village population cratic, independent state. .r. Zaporizhzhia, Crimea, Myko!ayiv, Odessa and Kherson. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 No. 47

An October revolution: Hunger strike leaders reflect on growing student influena Ten days after the government of the Ukrainian SSR bowed to the demands of the hunger-striking students in Kiev, resolving to uphold their mandates, Yuriy Shevchuk, a Rivne city council' man and Rukh member, who teaches English at the Ukrainian institute of Water Management in that Yolhynian city, interviewed two leading student activists during the second Rukh con– gress held in Kiev, October 25-28. Below, The Weekly offers his inter- views, translated by Mart a Kolomayets, with ihor Kociuruba ofLviv and Taras Korpava of Kiev, respectively, the co- chairman of the student action and the commander of the tent city. As reported earlier, the students pressured the prime minister of U– kraine, vitaliy Masol, to resign. They also demanded a referendum that could force new elections next year, as well as the nationalization of property of the Communist Party. The Ukrainian go– vernment also agreed to abstain from consideration of the new union treaty until the Declaration of State Sove– reignty is implemented and to pass laws on voluntary military service beyond the republics borders. Cautiously optimistic, the two uni– versity students provide some insight on their hunger strike, as. well as some reflections and observations on their The public demonstrates its support for the student hunger strikers. N student movement, which until this time technical institute, the secretary of the powerful organizations — in the This was an agreement between the seemed virtually non-existent and, thus, Lviv Student Brotherhood and a co- western regions, it is the Studentske Studentske Bratstvo of the city of Lviv ineffective on the path to democratic chairman of the hunger strike, who Bratstvo (Student Brotherhood) and in and the Kiev branch of the Ukrainska reform. returned to Kiev for the Rukh conclave. eastern and central lands it is the Studentska Spilka. Ukrainska Studentska Spilka (Ukrai– Ф4"К What regions were represented in this ihor, what was the genesis of such a nian Students' Union). We put together hunger strike? Who sent representa– radical and risky action as the hunger this plan some time ago, and decided to The first student leader interviewed strike? act upon it because we see that all the tives? Often, the stagnant press is was ihor Kociuruba, a fourth-year measures taken by other parties are not compelled to describe Lviv as a center of student of economics at the Lviv Poly– Today, in Ukraine we have two as effective. Thus, we chose a more dissonance, whose citizens want to radical action. undermine the peaceful life of Kiev. in fact, the students were from all Who essentially, was the initiator of regions of Ukraine. Naturally, many this action? Which student center were — no, most were - from Lviv and organized it? Kiev.

Young and old participated in the hunger strike. Among them was noted A huge banner lists the students9 demands. performer Nila Kriukova (holding flowers). No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 9 Ukraine any representatives from nth of Ukraine?

)ui co-chairman was from ynske, Oleh Barkovian, illy is a Russian. So, there ionalistic in this hunger– Ne had Georgians, Arme– ians, Russians involved, sn a representative from ordinate this action with ikh help you, or were you

of fact is that Rukh, in l i,n on the seventh day. r pping sum of 1,500 І xtion. And, Td like at Mr. Horyn's statement ian Press Agency that the re of the hunger striking e tent city from the very ) say the least, dishonest. had in mind moral sup– ;rial help.

;ed it was moral support, have engaged in some - behalf. І am not casting ts of Mr. Horyn, because as the only one in the iet, and in the Narodna ight for us. But, if you're the organization, Rukh, 0 anything for us. Truth- put loudspeakers out on this 1 think happened on of our hunger strike. 1 position of waiting and would happen. This does ly to Rukh, but to all strike committees, ;nt– ' -чі not walked the v ot raise the con- he ^le in the factories, іе workers of the Arsenal irt, would not have gone ; was not to the credit of nmittees, not Rukh, not organization. This was to ie students' organizations d this action, planning :h factories, raising the of the people in Kiev. you describe the percep– tions by the Kievans? Did wring the hunger strike or І from day one?

;r of fact, we held our for seven days before we esponse. We sat on the їЬег Revolution), an– iunger strike, announced 0 the Supreme Soviet and Demonstrators march from the Khreshchatyk down Kirov street in the direction of the Ukrainian SSR Supreme Soviet. tiat we could not wait for pleasant episode 1 witnessed as a co– other organizations, and lumn of school children marched the ded upon more decisive streets of Kiev carrying a sign that read: imple, the picketing of "The Russian Middle School" (what– iters, technical schools. ever number it was), "supports the ts - 'he ones who came demands of the students." 1 es in Kiev — the This was wonderful that this Russian school, that the Russians have come to s 4 other students in of their action. For they understand that our actions are not only ;ing the institutes and for Ukrainians but also for those nsciousness of others, in Russians who live in Ukraine. the students in Kiev were This, 1 think, is a very important goal as you see, this action of our action. Let's take into consideration the students who took part in the hunger students took part in the strike. Did they consciously protest as a strations? young force against a corrupt system, or were they also conscious of the fact that numbered up to 50,000 act, all of the academic (Continued on page 11) ;ity of Kiev, including the Photos in this series by Stanislav iools, the vocational Cherniy, vyacheslav Mayevsky and the middle schools, took Mvkhailo Shuliak. .,...... e. Td like to relate a very A л л t , A public meeting at the hunger strike site. 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 No. 47

THE ART SCENE Paintings by Peter Hrycyk at The Ukrainian Museum NEW YORK - The Ukrainian Mu– held in Kiev. However, since he did not seum will open a new exhibition — "The adhere to the ideologically oriented and Art of Petro Hrytsyk," an artist from restrictive confines of "social realism," Ukraine, on Sunday, November 25, at 2 but opted for individual expression and p.m. On view will be 24 paintings creative freedom, 20 years of profes– spanning the 1970s and 1980s. This will siorral isolation followed. 'be the artist's first solo exhibition in the The early creative period of the artist United States. The exhibit is scheduled (1970-1980) was unified and enlighten– to run through January of 1991. ed, a rarity among artists of the genera– Petro Hrytsyk's paintings reflect 20 tion. His creative style was mature, well years of an uneasy calm, during which thought out and rational. Applying he searched for his self-expression in constructivism combined with symbolism, art. Mr. Hrytsyk, like most creative with elements of surrealism, helped the individuals in Ukraine during the 1970s artist to present on canvas a philosp– and 1980s, was denied recognition in the phical concept of existentialism which officially sanctioned art circles.," emerged under the influence of the Mr. Hrytsyk was born on May 3, writings of Camus and Sartre. 1944, in the village of Zhulychi in The biased policy prevalent in U– Kholmshchyna, Ukraine, and during kraine at that time,which isolated artists hii, childhood the family was resettled who did not adhere to the officially in the Lviv region. He received his sanctioned style, also helped to shape "Boundary," 1976 (board, tempera) by Petro'Hrytsyk. primary art education at the ivan Trush Mr. Hrytsyk's art. accepted into me Artist's Union of the published with the exhibition. School of Applied and Decorative Art Mr. Hrytsyk's works may be divided USSR. His work was shown in several The exhibit is curated by Stefania in Lviv (1961-1963) and later studied at into two categories according to style inter-republic exhibitions as well as Hnatenko, assistant to the director of the Lviv institute of Applied and and manner of drawing: However, they abroad. The Ukrainian Museum. Ms. Hnatenko Decorative Art (1963-1968). His tea– are united by one concept of existen– His paintings were purchased by wrote the text to the accompanying chers were Karlo Zvirynsky and Danylo tialism. One mood permeates his paint– private collectors in France, West bilingual and illustrated catalogue. Dovboshynsky, prominent representa– ings, which overwhelmingly emphasizes Germany, and the United States. The The Ukrainian Museum is located at tives of the Lviv school of painting. the solitary state of a human being, his artist took part in the exhibition "Three 203 Second Ave. (at 12th Street), New immediately after graduating from uniqueness in society. Generations of Ukrainian Painting," York, N.Y. 10003; telephone (212) 228- the institute, Mr. Hrytsyk participated The life of the artist has recently also which was held in 1990 in Odense, 0110. Gallery hours are Wednesday in an exhibition among the republics undergone changes, in 1989 he was Denmark. An extensive catalogue was through Sunday, 1-5 p.m. Chicago gallery opens with group show by 15 artists CH1CAGO - More than 50 paint– and creative genius. ings by 15 artists comprise the first show in 1986 and 1987, Mr. Nahurnyi, of the newly opened Galleria Roxalana deeply affected by the recent nuclear in this Windy City, which is dedicated to tragedy, created his Chornobyl cycle, in Soviet and Eastern European art. which the documentalism of his earlier The art of Ukraine is exemplified by works is joined by surrealism. The its regional schools and folkloric im– irradiated urban landscape of his "City pulses, which at times reflect the sin– in the Zone" screams in silent witness to gular contributions of minority artists. the world. This is particularly evident in Kiev and in his latest works, which .are seen Odessa, where Jewish artists have publicly for the first time, МгГ Nahurnyi always been prominent. makes a heroic attempt to liberate in Poltava, the Armenian artist, Lev himself from his rationalism, and to Markosian, has become the mentor to a succumb to spontaneously intuitive group of younger artists who are distin– reactions to his surroundings. Here, we guishing themselves through the blend– witness Mr. Nahurriyi's choosing new ing of Markosian's dramatic, figurative paths in search of spiritual purity. style with a metaphorism born of lush local colors. Aleksander Borodai is a close friend and collaborator of Mr. Nahurnyi's. Most of the artists in the current His works exemplify an important showing are from Kiev. Their work is branch of Ukrainian postimpressio– painterly, rich in texture, and reflects nism. in them, dreamlike images of both a strong Ukrainian baroque tradi– nature are blended with folk themes tion, as well as the influence of the into epic deliberations 6n space, time, European transavanguardia. Among and color. them are older leaders of the Kiev The remaining Kiev artists are mem– cultural underground, who during the bers of the new renaissance in Ukrai– Brezhnev era were ignored, sometimes nian art of the late 19,80's. They have repressed, and whose works were been described as painters, rather than hidden until recently. object makers, in contrast to the cool One of them is Fedir Tetianych, who conceptualism of Moscow, they have in 1976 founded the creative group he been referred to as a southern heat named Frypula, which espoused the wave. Among them are ihor Raikhlin, "The Window" by Dmytro Nahurhyi (oil on canvas, 1989). ideal of the complete liberation of the . Yurii Levchenko, Kostantyn Kossarev– sky, ihor Biletskyi, Anatoliy Stepa– From Odessa come Tetiana My– central Russian city of Sverdlovsk, human creative spirit, in his "Frypula," hytsko and Yuriy Zakordonets. Lviv, individual showings have been sche– Mr. Tetianych seems to recreate the nenko, Yalentyn Popov, Andriy Bludov, vitaliy Serdiukov, and Olek– the cultural and political center of duled for Messrs. Nahurnyi, Raikhlin whole of human experience, its myriad western Ukraine, sends as Yurii Chary– and Andreyev. overlapping and fused images show a siy Andreyev, a young artist of immense talent who draws his inspirations from shnikov, arguably the finest graphic Of special interest will be a showing degenerate universe, where delicate artist in the Soviet Union. next year of Soviet avant-garde, in– spirits ascend from the purgatory of Mr. tenth century Kiev to create monu– mental scenes of the princely era. cluding the works of Kasimir Malevich, Tetianych's Kiev of 1977. The works of Poltava's victor Уо- vasili Kandinski, and Alexis Grits– Dmytro Nahurnyi is another artist The industrial centers of Dniprope– lodko and ihor УеГуспко are a preview chenko. who suffered greatly as a result of his trovske and Zaporizhzhia are represent– to "The Colors of Poltava," a future The Galleria Roxolana is located at refusal to heed the dictates of socialist ed by Serhiy Zviahintsev, and Gagik group showing of contemporary paint– 301 W. Superior St., in Chicago. The realism. Despairing and outraged, he Kurhynian and Уаіегіу Skrypktf, re– ing from the Poltava region of eastern telephone number is (312) 642-6393. became hard and embittered. He de– spectively. Their delicate stylization and Ukraine, which will feature the work of Mr. Markosian. Gallery hours,are Tuesday through picted life through a literary-philoso– idyllic scenes offer a refuge from the Saturday 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. phical metaphorism which graphically inhospitable, industrially poisoned Also planned are group showings of The current ..sbc^riinsfrom. Novem– demonstrated his technical: virtuosity environments of their cittesr. artists from Odessa; as fyeil ksfrofn the ber 9 through D^lrirj^r 4, ,7 No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 11

Soviet as a whole and the Group of 239. An October... (This is the hardline Communist (Continued from page 9) group.) they are young Ukrainians, represent– ing a young Ukraine? To what extent it is interesting to note Mr. Leonid did they carry a feeling of patriotism? Kravchuk's reactions in the mass media as an indicator. For the first three days indeed, the students, most of them he did not notice us at all, noting "1 were Ukrainian, and they have consi– don't think any one supports these dered themselves Ukrainians for a long students." time already, and thus, they protested as Around the sixth or seventh day, the Ukrainians. But, among the strikers mass media, as well as the people's were other nationalities, who empathize deputies, the Group of 239 inclusive, with Ukraine^ feel that same way the stubbornly pretended that we did ndt Ukrainian students do, for their con– exist, individuals would come to our cerns are the same as the Ukrainian tent city, about 10 deputies a day. They students' concerns. spoke to us privately, but nothing much The Ukrainian sentiment in the came of this. camp, of course, was very strong, very Then on the ninth day, the Group of powerful, and thus it raised the national 239 began grumbling about us, and Mr. feeling among all Ukrainians, especially Kravchuk himself in all of his television the Kievans. This was the first time they appearances, began reporting that he saw such an action, the first time they knows exactly who is behind the stu– witnessed such large numbers of stu– dents' actions and that indeed, he dents marching through their streets. directs these forces. However, even more frequently Were there any unpleasant incidents? groups pointed to Mr. Khmara and Were there any attempts to provoke the another group of deputies who had students? joined us during this period. Striking students wear white headbands. From the ninth through the 15th day they fall somewhere between Yavoriv– most part was passive, and this is not Of course there were incidents. Twice, of our action, we experienced a stormy confrontation; at first an attempt was sky and Khmara - running the gamut what we strive for. explosives were thrown into the tent from those who support us totally to However, we do expect that in the city. One time we caught the explosive made to scare us; this included an appeal from a deputy of the Ukrainian those who blame us for capitulation. next few months we will receive more before it went off; the second time, as we Among some of the students we had active support, support from a greater were ready to roll up our camp, the Supreme Soviet to institute a curfew as well as call up the army to surround us. those who wanted to continue this spectrum of our population. When we militia informed us that a bomb had speak of the nationalities that took part From the 15th day a period of full hunger strike to the ultimate end, to been placed in the camp. in our action, of course there were capitulation began in the Supreme those who were scared, cautious, telling We explored the options open to us. Russians, a Tatar, a Hungarian, some Soviet. At this time our students made it us, "Boys please watch it... the tanks We even thought about the possibility Jews. Their percentage was insignifi– past the barricades of the Supreme may come and crush you." that if we were to evacuate everyone, the cant, however, if you take into account Soviet and set up their tent city. This, as Well, if you listened to Yavorivsky's militia might seize our camp. So we that their population in Ukraine is not well as the tone of Mr. Kravchuk turned speech at Rukh, he spoke in this kind of decided to set up guards along the large, you see there is nothing strange matters around for us. spirit: "Slower, more accurately, don't perimeters of the camp, and if indeed an about this. Of course, this does not mean all the hurry, for Gorbachev may come after explosion were to take place, they were you with tanks." And, if you ask me about the hunger instructed to hit the ground. The rest of deputies supported us. There is a group of 120 idiots, Communists, who do not We, more specifically, 1 and the strikers who were in our camp but did the students in the camp we evacuated a leadership of the Ukrainska Studentska not speak Ukrainian, 1 want to tell you little past the Lenin monument. react to life at all, and they continued to demand the suppression of all our Spilka, are in agreement with Mr. that you have to consider some students We also had drunkards wander into Chornovil, who says that if the party came from the eastern regions. The -ЧШГ camp at night. But the militia, actions. However, party discipline as well as apparat tries to establish a military Communists took their native language which truly was very nice, assisted us state, this will be the last day of its away from them, but in the depths of with our problems. the pressure from Kravchuk and (Sta– nislav) Hurenko (The Communist Party existence. their souls they remain Ukrainian. І You can claim victory, a victory that leader in Ukraine) saw them vote for Ukraine has grown out of this serf– think that, in time, they will be reborn, Rukh was not able to achieve. Thus, the our demands in the end. dom, when our only way out is to lie and their children will not be worse than students accomplished something that down and die in such an action. We will the Ukrainians we see today in the all be ready to fight as one. western regions of Ukraine. the older activists could not. What next? Did all the members of the Narodna Rada, did the deputies of the democra– in my opinion, one of your positive We already know that our demands tic bloc support you similarly? in my opinion, one 01 your positive ^. и^і may not be realized, although the victories, perhaps the first time during ОібРдґІ КПГПдГд... this current revolutionary era, was the (Continued from page 1) resignation of (Prime Minister vitaliy) 1, personally support the most radi– fact that everyone supported you. it did Masol has already taken place. Now, we cal of the deputies in the Narodna Rada, pedestrian underpass on the Khresh– not seem to matter of what nationality chatyk and identified a man who al– are going to organize smaller agitation who took part in our action; in this students were, the phobia Russians legedly hit her for blocking an entrance groups throughout all of eastern U– Narodna Rada we have about 20, at the have of Ukrainians seemed to disappear, kraine, among the various academic most, deputies. and it seemed that it was all for one, to the underpass. centers, and in the spring we plan to The Narodna Rada has all kinds of supporting the students and their de– When the man refused to identify continue our action. We have halted our democratic deputies. For example, take mands. himself, Mr. Khmara turned to nearby current strike because we don't have the the respected Mr. Yavorivsky; he came militiamen to apprehend the suspect but strength to truly dissolve the Supreme running by during the last two days of 1 wouldn't say that everyone support– the police refused, according to testimony given to Rukh lawyers Yuriy Soviet. our action to be photographed by the ed the students and our demands. However, in the spring, we think all mass media, posing as he shook hands Ayvazian and v. Hikazakoh by eye- witnesses. Passers-by then detained the this will happen. with the hunger strikers or spoke at our Then how do you see this? meeting. Until this point he did not man and seized his identification papers come around. І would say that of the people who and disarmed him. The assailant turned milled around our camp, 90 percent out to be Col. ihor Hryhoriev of the The second interview was conducted Essentially, the deputies conducted were supportive and sympathized with MVD. with Tar as Korpava, a fourth-year themselves in a proper manner, if you us, although this does not mean that in connection with the incident, student in the philosophy department of want to see the two extreme poles, i've they supported all of our demands. which was videotaped and later screen– the Pedagogical institute of Kiev State described them — that's Khmara and ed on television, Mr. Khmara is University, the secretary of the U– Yavorivsky, although Yavorivsky is not You mean this to be true in Kiev. But reportedly being held in Kiev's Lukia– krainska Studentska Spilka and the the most liberal in the Narodna Rada. in Rivne, in the. western Ukrainian nivka prison. commander of the student tent city We have the Hryniov group, and so on lands, the situation was more homoge– The Ukrainian Pepublican Party ar d during the Kiev hunger strike. and so forth... neous. Rukh are organizing a variety of actions AH the other deputies, where were in defense of Mr. Khmara, including a How was the hunger strike conduct– they? Neither Hryniov, nor the deputies We're not talking about the western number of public rallies on Octob r ed? who observe the platform of the Com– Ukrainian lands. We've won the case Revolution Square in Kiev. ТІ e munist Party of Ukraine did not come there long ago. The people in Kiev Moscow organization of Rukh sup- One group went on a hunger strike on into our camp. Of those who did come, supported us, but the support for the porters protested on November 19 0 day one and continued to do so until the Mykhail Pichuzhkin, the consul of tl e last day, October 17. This group had Ukrainian SSR in the Soviet capital about 30 students. Others did not have Turning the pages back... against Mr. Khmara's arrest. such staying power, however there were (Continued from page 6) Two leadres of Rukh , first vie - few who held the fast for less than five organizer of Ukrainian national scholarship, and as a civic and political activist and chairman Mykhailo Horyn and vikt r days. And, as a rule, those who did not one of the most prominent figures of the period of the liberation struggle, provoked Burlakov, head of the Secretary , last were ousted from tent city. the Bolsheviks... to characterize him as a 'national historian'... and 4he untamed appealed on November 15 to tl з enemy of Soviet rule.' " Canadian Friends of Rukh in Toron ) How did the Supreme Soviet react Mykhailo Hrushevsky died on November 25, 1924, in Kislovodsk, North to send a Ukrainian Canadian lawyer о to the student strikers, the Supreme Caucasus, leaving to future generations the fruits of his enormous achievements. help in Mr. Khmara's defense. 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 No. 47

Plast in Цкгаіпе... leadership training camp in the been taken over by Ukrainians during dren it is fun,xyet in our hearts we (Continued from page 5) Carpathian Mountains in July and the night of November 1,1918.1 was know we send them there because "it were now active organizers in Lviv. in Kiev during the competition, but is good for them." They were more There had been many others who had Both are considered very dedicated come on various invitations and learned that over 20 groups had diffident and quiet than the girls 1 am and both enjoy great rapport with all taken part. used to in Canada, listened to me exchanges. the young leaders. But 1 was very curious to see what On the eve of the celebrations, on attentively and were not very forth- was happening on their home terri– Back in Lviv 1 went to a meeting October 31, they all met and the coming with their opinions. tory. where the leaders were planning the winners were called out and awarded І found both the leaders and November 1 celebrations. November prizes. The winning group had taken the young people themselves to be At the national conference in 1, the day when the Ukrainian flag five and a half hours to complete the very serious in their approach to Morshyn 1 met again our friends who first flew from the City Hall of Lviv walk — and no one complained that Plast. Compared to our North Ame– had been to Canada in the summer - in 19J8, is an event that has always the route– had been too long. rican young people, whom we find so ihor Hryniv, Orest Schott, Lesiai had a special place on the Plast While in Kiev, 1 took part in a hard to motivate, this was refreshing. Pasichnyk, Halyna Potiuk, ivanka calendar in the West. Many Plast Plast leadership training meeting. Borodchuk, Oleh Pokalchuk - and They listened eagerly, wanted to members had been active in the The group there had been in exis– know how to do things "the right they all took an active part in the Sichovi Striltsi and the Ukrainian conference. tence since the spring. There were way." Galician Army. eight potential leaders at the seminar, ^ The organizers — men and women Two others from Lviv played The Lviv Plast members were to and they used a training manual they in their late 20s and early 30s — are leading roles at the conference - mark the day with a competitive walk had obtained from the West. extremely dedicated. Many have Bohdan Hasiuk and Bohdan He– through Lviv, on Sunday, October The group is slightly older than the young families but sacrifice all their neha. They had organized and run a 28, visiting all the buildings that had Lviv one, mostly with young fami– free time; some spend three or four lies, yet all are willing to devote two evenings a week on Plast business. evenings a week to come to the They feel that they have to do so Weekly Ukrainian perspective on the news seminars as well as organize activi– much as quickly as possible. There is ties with their young people. great pressure on them to take more The second Rukh congress passed kids — but they have decided, wisely, іжжжжхжщщжкжхжжкювкххащ a resolution stating that Rukh will set to take them only if they have trained Ш up Plast groups in eastern and cen– leaders for them. SECOND OFFER!! щ^ми M tral Ukraine. There is a need to Currently the boys outnumber the M organize young people in these re– girls two to one, and they are finding GUARANTEE THE COMPlETlON OF YOUR gions, to take them out of the Pioneer it more difficult to find female M and Komsomol organizations as leaders than male ones. This reflects Ш quickly as possible. As the demo– the general picture in Ukraine, where Ш cratic are not in power yet in those men greatly outnumber women in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF UKRAINE Ш regions, Rukh is seen as the only organizational life (at the Rukh Ш body that can currently help set up congress men outnumbered the wo– І AND SAVE!! І Ш Plast and at least provide the neces– men nine to one) particularly in Prepared and published in able in 1992-1993 Cpublica– sary material assistance. positions of leadership. Canada by the Canadian interest in Plast already exists Fortunately the Plast program tion dates are subject to there, and 1 met some young men institute of Ukrainian treats boys and girls equally, makes change). All three can be 1 from Donetske, Dnipropetrovske similar demands on them, so perhaps Studies, the Canadian purchased for a total price Ш and Luhanske who had met Plast the picture will change. Foundation for Ukrainian of S325. This is a real sav– M members from the West on the Dzvin Leaving Ukraine and reflecting on Studies and Shevchenko ings of Si55 over^ the pro-– walk this summer and were eager to what 1 had experienced, 1 remem– Scientific Society (Sarceiles jected retail prices. "Ensure get more information. bered the words of one of the visitors France), three volumes of that you, or persons getting 1 Back in Lviv 1 met with smaller to Canada this summer: "Ukraine the Encyclopedia are yet to the Encyclopedia as a gift Ш groups — one, a group of nine girls, today needs an organization such as be completed. from you, will receive the Ш age 15, who showed up to join Plast Plast. The methods and models used remaining three volumes. Ш but had no leader yet, and so 1 filled by Plast to prepare young people for in response to continued Ш in. leadership are relevant and necessary requests after the termina– Send your cheque or M They have a romantic view of Plast for Ukraine today." tion of the first prepayment money order for S325 to Ш — perhaps something we have lost offer, the Foundation has CFUS now. (Outside M here as we try to convince our chil– - Oksana Zakydalsky arranged a second time-lim– Canada prices are in US Ш ited special pre-publication dollars). For additional 'Ш price for the three volumes, information, contact the Ш which should become avail- CFUS office at: Ш Канадська у v Canadian Fondation Ш Фундація і Д^рІ Foundation canadienne Ш Українських lr^N?l for Ukrainian des etudes Ш Студій X .f Studies ukrainiennes Ш 500-433 Main Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 1B3 1 Phone: 957-1541 Fax: 947-6834 Ш Ш M TH1S OFFER EXPlRES JANUARY 31,19911! Ш Ш ^жжжжжжжжж:жшжжшж^:жжжжжжі tf: ATTENTlOR STUDENTS ! A PEN PAL OF YOUR OWN 1N UKRA1NE

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Student's signature"^ "Yunaky" in Lviv with their leader, Roman Shypriakevych (foreground). No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 13

Reborn youth... Follow-up... Appeal from... of the USSR. The process of crea– (Continued from page 7) tion of independent states from the (Continued from page 5) (Continued from page 2) function will be to both coordinate cerns, first of all, the Association of former republics of the last empire in Democratic Councils. Defense of the from the Moscow central imperial the world is the most important event activities and make sure that regional power. Nevertheless one should take organizations are set up or strengthened. democratic councils, these islands of in Europe. To welcome emerging our hope and centers of economic into account the fact that by its state formations on the territory it was also decided that another Declaration of State Sovereignty on of the USSR is a moral and political national conference should be held enterprise, today is an extraordinarily important task, it is a political task of July 16, 1990, Ukraine laid the obligation of democratic Europe. within six months, at which time the foundations of its independent exter– Peace in Europe may be guaranteed coordinating council would report and extraordinary importance. ... We must see to it that free economic nal political activity. The processes first of all by achieving national a decision about a national structure whichare taking place in the republic justice in all its regions. Peaceful would be discussed again. zones are created in those places where democratic councils function, if we are ate aimed at achieving complete state transition from totalitarianism to The conference was well organized: to prepare cadres, we must prepare independence of Ukraine. democracy is possible. We support all the delegates and visitors were them there. Rukh is obliged to help the The minds of Europeans should this type of development of events. provided with accommodations and democratic councils in setting up com– reflect the current process of tremen– By granting Ukraine a separate and meals at very reasonable cost. The munications networks among them, in dous dismantling of the totalitarian independent place in all European arrangements were made by Mr. Kry– providing them with information, and Stalinist– Brezhnevite system which political structures, a step forward skiv of Lviv. for this we should create various funds. has brought about liberation of East will actually be made both in the field He also arranged for the publication Finally, we must not forget that for European countries and a resolute of cooperation in the construction of of 5,000 copies of a Plast handbook, decades our people were deprived of struggle for national state indepen– a common European home and in prepared by the Plast executive council feeling like masters. ... Thus we must dence of the Soviet republics, such as consolidation of peace all over the in the U.S., but printed in Lviv. Copies conduct wide-ranging work to explain Ukraine, Byelorussia, Moldavia, world. of the handbook were distributed to all to them the nature of a market eco– Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Georgia, delegates and visitors. nomy, private ownership, the possibili– Armenia, Azerbaidzhan and Russia itself. UNCONVENTIONAL ties for social protection of citizens. PORTRAITS The delegates were all young people, Here, Rukh can conduct broad-based Europe cannot end at the borders by most of whom are already active in educational activity. ... leadership positions. Enthusiasm, dedi– Nona Sochynsky Translated by Roma Hadzewycz, u.s. SAVINGS BONDS ^L cation, patriotism - there are the (212) 686-1275 elements that drive them. A certain HUCULKA dominance by males is evident, as is the icon 8c Souvenir's Distribution case in all organizational life in U– 2860 Buhre Ave. Suite 2R The Ukrainian Museum in New York City kraine. But hopefully, as girls gain Bronx, NY 10461 and confidence, they will start playing more REPRESEWATlvE and WHOLESALER of EMBROlDERED BLOUSES for ADULTS and CH1LDREN Shevchenko Scientific Society of a leadership role. Tel. (212) 931-1579 invite the public to attend two lectures by the As at all conferences, the official art historian from Ukraine discussions were only part of the activi– S1NCE 1928 ties. The shared meals, the campfire, the SENKO FUNERAL HOMES late night discussions, the new friends New York's only Ukrainian family owned ft DR. HRYHORY LONWN — these will also remain as memories of operated funeral homes yet another "first" in Ukraine. ^ Traditional Ukrainian services personally conducted 1. "Early Kievan-Byzantine: the Church of the Tithes FLORIDA - LIVING - ANNUAL ^ Funerals arranged throughout Bklyn, Bronx, (Desyatynna) and Kiev's St. Sophia". OR SEASONAL New York, Queens, Long island, etc. On Friday, November 30 at 6:30 p.m. at ^ Holy Spirit, St. Andrews Cem. 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of Medical Sciences of the USSR. over, it would be to continue unfortu– tured Communist Party of Ukraine The case... Central control over 73 years has nate traditions of a large nation domi– under the late volodymyrShcherbytsky. (Continued from page 6) rendered Ukraine a zone of ecologiqal nating the smaller to deny Ukraine the There is аціріе evidence to indicate Returning to the current period, catastrophe: the anthropogenic load choice of how to conduct its future that Ukrainians were remarkably pa– economically, policies of centralization from industrial pollution in the republic policy, i.e., though one would imagine tient: it was, after all, not an easy task have led to the virtual colonialization of is proportionally the highest in the that Ukraine would develop close for the Parliament to explain why, in one of the richest endowed parts of Soviet Union, industrial expansion has economic ties with Russia, it should the republic that produces half the Europe. That until 1990, Ukrainians been conducted in such an irrational surely also have the right not to esta– country's sugar and half the grain, that controlled only 5 percent of their own manner that residences have been blish such links. sugar and bread should be distributed natural resources is well known. The constructed close to open hearth steel On October 13-14, "a new page" in by means of ration coupons. outflow of goods has never been com– furnaces; chemical,plants litter the Ukraine's relationship with neighboring By this year, however, the knowledge pensated by a comparable inflow, or the vacation zones of Odessa and the Poland was announced on the occasion that glasnost's success had been super– material well-being of Ukrainians: Crimea; while in cities such as Mariupil, of the visit of Polish foreign minister, seded by the overwhelming failure of Ukrainian wages remain well below the one in four schoolage children at any Krzysztok Skubiszewski to Kiev. The perestroika pervaded all sectors of national average; grain from Byelorus– one time are ill from pollution-related visit led to the signing of an agreement Ukrainian society; reinforced by a sia costs significantly more than grain , sicknesses. on the diplomatic, consular and trading miners' strike that reached its peak of from Ukraine. The Soviet energy pro- The average lifespan of Ukrainian representation of Ukraine in Poland. bitterness in the Donets Basin. gram has used Ukraine as an export men — at 64, is seven years less than in Also in October, the chairmen of the Though the national question be– zone to other countries and other parts Canada; and for women, four years less. Byelorussian and Ukrainian Supreme came paramount after the war between of the Union; and this at a time when Ukrainian women have on ayerage Soviets signed a document on pro– Armenia and Azerbaidzhan; and acute Ukraine lacks sufficient fuel to feed its 40,000 miscarriages each year. Ukrai– moting political, economic, scientific after Lithuania's declaration of inde– own foundries. nian coal miners can retire at 50, but life and cultural ties as well as agreement pendence in March 1990, there was little The consequences of the 1986 Chor– expectancy is about 47 years. Condi– between the two governments on trade, evidence that the Soviet leadership had nobyl disaster continue to unfold: 5 tions in Ukrainian coal mines are so economic and technological coopera– elaborated even the most basic nationa– million hectares of Ukrainian agricul– dangerous that according to one autho– tion. lities policy. Rather the regime was tural land and forests have been seve– rity, three to four miners die for every During Hungarian President Arpad responding in dilatory and piecemeal rely contaminated. Yet while Ukraine million tons of coal mined. Ukrainians Goncz's three-day official visit to fashion to one crisis after another, and Byelorussia have both drawn up have thus asked over and over again: Ukraine in September, both sides alternating between threats and conci– programs to deal with the disaster's What is there to gain from continued agreed to establish consular ties as a liation, but making disastrous mistakes. consequences, the Chornobyl plant and membership in the union? first step toward full diplomatic rela– the Prypiat Association dealing with the it seems plausible that a sovereign tions. instead, Mr. Gorbachev was per– extensive clean-up operation — not to Ukraine would enter some kind of Such developments indicate that ceived to be accumulating power to deal mention the secretive and bureaucratic economic agreement with an indepen– Ukraine is anxious to operate as a with future crises. A presidential coun– Center for Radiation Medicine dealing dent Russia. Geography and economic political independent entity. cil had taken the place of the Politburo officially with the most seriously affect– needs would support such an approach. (which ironically began for the first time ed victims — remain under Moscow's Yet this is a far cry from a Ukraine that All the same, the international per– in Soviet history to represent the Soviet jurisdiction, and are controlled, re– is politically linked with or in any way ception of a Ukrainian entity remains nationalities adequately). The union spectively, by the Ministry of Nuclear subservient to a sovereign Russian state an unfulfilled goal. The declaration of agreement cannot be successfully con- Power and industry and the Academy no longer linked to the USSR. More– sovereignty was an occasion for warn– eluded because the union itself now ings by Western analysts rather than lacks a foundation. The Soviet Union as rejoicing for a nation that finally a truly federal system never existed; ln time for Christmas giving... appeared to be in control of its own today it no longer exists in the real sense destiny. The United Nations has not yet of the words. When Mr. Gorbachev SPEC1AL OFFER ON 2 BESTSELUNG T1TLES formally recognized Ukraine. One evoked the policy of "all power to the FROM UKRAINIAN ACADEMIC PRESS wonders as one watches events unfold Soviets" earlier this year, it demon– whether this would not be far easier for strated first of all, that the Soviets to Ukrainians if the international commu– date have never held real power; and SAVE 20O7O nity afforded them the support offered second, that the Soviet regime is despe– to Boris Yeltsin or even a Mikhail Gor– rately seeking some form of unifying ideology to convince the populace that Ukraine: A Bibliographic Guide to English-Language Publications bachev. Ukrainian statesmen of this ca– Bohdan S. Wynar liber, it must be acknowledged, have yet it has a broader foundation than the increasingly debased party, the KGB, A comprehensive guide to works on Ukrainian history, literature, education, economics, to emerge, but then the party's strangle– hdld on society was more pronounced and a rather disjointed and dispirited music, religion, and sociology by a leading scholar in the field. Over 1,000 entries de- military. scribe and evaluate books, dissertations, and important articles published in scholarly than that in other regions of the Soviet journals; each critical commentary, typically about 220 words, compares titles with other Union. Far more scope has been per– in these circumstances, and at a time titles in the field and incorporates reviews from leading journals in Slavic studies. An mitted to ex-party activists such as of the collapse of the official economy, essential reference for both home and library. Messrs. Yavorivsky and Pavlychko an emergent nation like Ukraine might Bohdan S. Wynar is editor of economics for the multi-volume Encyclopedia of Ukraine, than those who have long suffered in be given the opportunity to leave the and recipient of the American Library Association's lsadore Gilbert Mudge Citation for behalf of an independent Ukraine: union; to develop its own economy, distinguished contributions to reference librarianship and publishing. Bohdan and Mykhailo Horyn, vyache– currency, banking system, army, and 1990 420 p. slav Chornovil and Mr. Lukianenko. diplomatic contacts. Thus far, Ukraine Regular price S85.00; W1TH SPEC1AL D1SCOUNT S68.00. One might make the case that it is the has been perceived in terms of a pro– latter group that most merit support Ukrainian Nationalism, 3rd Edition blem for Moscow. John A. Armstrong and international recognition since they Time and again, one has heard the are living testimony to the long and refrain that the Soviet Union could Review of previous edition: bitter strivings for a democratic and "afford" to "lose" the Baltic republics, John Armstrong's excellent study is remarkably comprehensive. The American Slavic and sovereign Ukraine. They have not been East European Review (volume 15, 1956). but that it cannot permit the separation compromised by years of dalliance with of Ukraine. Thus the complex situation The first two editions of this dramatic history of Ukrainian nationalists during World War 11 the Communist system. Moreover, Mr. is examined from the perspective of the were based on interviews with leading nationalists, extensive files of contemporary Chornovil in particular has emerged as center, rather than the region. Western newspapers, and numerous unpublished documents. Since 1963, however, a vast body an accomplished and farsighted politi– states have always dealt with the center. of German archival material has become available, as well as many newly published cian. memoirs, and this, material is woven into the narrative. An epilogue summarizes the As Stalin would have said, "it is no complex trends of Ukrainian nationalism since 1945. initially, the democratic movement accident" that every major Western sought a closer identification with Mr. newspaper sends correspondents to John A. Armstrong is Professor Emeritus of Political Science, University of Wisconsin- Gorbachev's policies of glasnost and Moscow, but rarely i^ ever does one find Madison, and former President of the American Association for the Advancement of perestroika; it was felt in 1985-1987 that Slavic Studies. a permanent Kiev correspondent. (The if the winds of change were to blow events of the past year in Ukraine have ORDER FROM UKRA1NSAN ACADEM1C PRESS through Kiev, they must come from invariably been greeted with surprise or Moscow rather than the rigidly struc– CALL TOLL-FREE 1-800-237-6124 (Open Monday through shock.) To many political leaders in the Friday ) or send your check to Ukrainian Academic Press, SEEK1NG ARCHivAL F1LMS Western world, it is inconceivable that a P.O. Box 3988, Engiewood, Colorado 80155-3988. of life in the Ukraine for documentary full-fledged national state could emerge home movies from the 40's S 50's without requiring even a formal alle– 1990 290 p. any film format– 16mm,8mm or other giance to Moscow. Such a view not only Regular price $35.00; W1TH SPEC1AL D1SCOUNT $28.00 phone Jacki Ochs at 212-505-8048 lacks foresight, it is devoid of reality. Old traditions die hard indeed.

UKRAINIAN ENGINEERS' SOCIETY OF AMERICA For further information please contact: Saturday, January 26, 1991 Mr. Roman Cyhan Philadelphia Branch Cocktails - 6:30 p.m. — Banquet - 7 p.m. 18 Wedgewood Drive, Pottstown, PA. 19464 Ball - 9 p.m. Tel.: (215) 469-6471 Orchestra - TEMPO The Grand Ballroom ENGlNEERS' BALL Debutantes please register with Mr. Marie Cyhan Hotel Atop the Bellevue WITH PRESENTATIONS OF DEBUTANTES 18 Wedgewood Drive, Pottstown, PA. 19464 Brood and Walnut, PH1LADELPH1A, PA. Tel.: (215) 469-6471 January 26, 1991 (No later than Dec. 1, 1990) No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 15

member-states of the goals of Ukraine Ukrainian SSR, sent a letter to Roland order for any new members to be CSCE developing.,. and Ukrainians." Futhermore, he Dumas, foreign minister of France, host accepted into the CSCE structure, a (Continued from page 3) added, "Sometimes the effort seemed country of the CSCE summit, in which consensus of members if required. nize Sadaam Hussein's takeover of futile, nonetheless, the CSCE process, he requested separate representation for According to the November 19 Kuwait, since he is the one that at the and Ukrainians' support of is being Ukraine. According to news reports, Washington Post, Mr. Horyn stated present can most effectively guarantee vindicated." Mr. Udovenko stated that although that "Shevardnadze had told him that Kuwait's borders." Ukrainians in Ukraine have moved to Ukraine had discussed this request with neither Moscow nor the other member- take an active role in the definition of the USSR's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, states were prepared to allow Ukraine Many NGO representatives fear that the CSCE and the "new world order." the ministry has no right to dictate its to participate in the summit and that the NGO's role within "CSCE will be dimi– During the June meeting in Copen– wishes to a sovereign Ukraine. Regard- United States was especially 'reluctant nished. Several stated that they left the hagen, Ukrainian activists Yevhen less, Mr. Zlenko's request was denied. to embarrass' Soviet leader Mikhail recent CSCE ministerial meeting in Proniuk and Oles Shevchenko raised ' ivan Drach, Dmytro Pavlychko and Gorbachev." New York wfth the sense that they've the issue of Ukraine's participation in Bohdan Horyn also put in a request to Mr. Horyn further continued been told "thank you, you've been the CSCE process in meetings with the Soviet Foreign Ministry that they be "Frankly, we understand that this is not wonderful, now good-bye." Thus far, delegations from other member-states, accepted as a separate delegation from going to make us independent over- thfere are no guidelines on how NGOs though a formal request was not made, that of the Soviet Union. Eduard night, but the point is that we must can participate in the "new" more in late June, representatives of the Shevardnadze, Soviet foreign minister, assert our aspirations on a world stage. formal CSCE. John Evans gave as– Democratic Bloc in the Ukrainian refused the request. Nonetheless, Step by step, Ukraine intends to become surances, though no specifics, that the Supreme Soviet appealed to the CSCE Messrs. Drach, Pavlychko and Horyn a genuine presence in the world." role of NGOs will remain integral to the "to strive towards granting the Ukrai– are in Paris, lobbying the other member process. nian SSR official status as an observer states of CSCE to consider accepting UKRAINIAN According to Orest Deychakiwsky, (a step before membership) at all Ukraine as a separate delegation, in TYPEWRITERS deliberations of the Helsinki process." staff member of the tlelsinki Commis– also other languages complete sion in Washington, "Ukrainian NGOs Then on July 24, Ukraine's representa– line of office machines A tive to the United Nations, Gennadiy A Ukrainian woman is looking for equipment. in the West still can play a substantial JACOB SACHS role in the CSCE process by continuing Udovenko stated that Ukraine will want PRIVATE MORTGAGE LOAN to participate in the CSCE process. 251 W. 98th St. and in fact expanding on what they have Any suggestions are welcome. New York. N. Y 10025 been doing all along — informing the More recently, on November 7, Please call: (516) 931 -1966 (Odarka) Tel. (212) 2226683 governments of the U.S. and other Anatoliy Zlenko, foreign minister of the 7 days a week

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1 Escorts: Halia Bartkiw 6 Yurij Stasiuk 22 ZOZULlA ill AUG 6-18 BUDAPEST AUG 7-8 S21; 1 4 КУІТКА MAY 3-14 LENINGRAD MAY 4-7 S2200 13 DAYS LUFTHANSA LVIV AUG 9-14 SGL S3C 12 DAYS LUFTHANSA LVIV MAY 7-11 SGL S250 1TQLH10126 KlEv AUG 14-18 1TOLH10125 KIEV MAY 11-14 Escort: victor Poliarny І Escort: besia Kachmar 23 BANDURA ill AUG15-SEP1 BUDAPEST AUG 16-17 S26- l 5 ZOZULlA І MAY 14-26 BUDAPEST MAY 15-16 S2000 18 DAYS LUFTHANSA LVIV AUG 18-23 SGL S'-– 13 DAYS LUFTHANSA LVIV MAY 17-22 SGL S250 1TOLH10126 TERNOPlL AUG 23-27 1 1TOLH10126 KIEV MAY 22-26 Escort: Stefa Wowkowych KlEv AUG 28-SEP 1 І Escort: Wolodymyr Wolowodiuk 24 PRYBALTYKA AUG 22-SEP 10 BUDAPEST AUG 23-24 S32 І 6 PODOLANKA І MAY21-JUN4 BUDAPEST MAY 22-23 S2000 20 DAYS SWISSAIR LVIV AUG 25-30 SGL S4 J І 15 DAYS SWISSAIR LVIV MAY 24-29 SGL S350 KIEV AUG ЗО-SEP З 1 1TOSR1EWR040 TERNOPIL MAY 29-JUN 2 LENINGRAD SEP 3-6 BUDAPEST JUN 3-4 1 Escort: Nestor Nynka 1TOSR1EWR043 TALLIN SEP 6-8 CRUISE TO FINLAND 7 BANDURA 1 MAY ЗО-JUN 16 BUDAPEST MAY 31-JUN 1 S2500 HELSINKI SEP 8-Ю 18 DAYS LUFTHANSA LVIV JUN 2-7 SGL S400 1TOLH10126 TERNOPIL JUN 7-11 25 Escort:PODOLANK Yara LitoschA ill SEP 10-24 LVIV SEP 11-18 Sieo 1 І Escort: Bohdan Kobzar KIEV JUN 12-16 15 DAYS SWISSAIR TERNOPlL SEP 18-22 SGL ^ j 1TOSR1EWR040 BUDAPEST SEP 23-24 Escort: Osyp Moroz l 8 P1LGR1MAGE JUN20-JUL7 BUDAPEST JUN 21-22 S2700 І то UKRAINE LUFTHANSA LVIV JUN 23-JUL з SGL S350 1 18 DAYS 1TOLH10126 EXCURSlONS: HOSHiv-HRUSHiv– 26 ZOZULlA iv SEP 10-22 LVIV SEP 11-17 3215' J 1 Escort: Nadia Stetkewycz POTCHAYIV-OLESKO-ZARVANYTSIA 13 DAYS LUFTHANSA KIEV SEP 17-22 SGL S250 1 Under the Spiritual guidance of: KIEV JUL 3-7 1TOLH10126 1 v. Rev. Marian Butrynsky Escort: Tamara Denysenko

9 vESELKA JUN24-JUL10 BUDAPEST JUN 25-26 S2850 27 ROMA SEP 24-OCT 10 BUDAPEST SEP 25-26 S2b j І 17 DAYS SWISSAIR LVIV JUN 27-JUL 1 SGL S425 17 DAYS LUFTHANSA LVIV SEP 27-ост 2 SGLS4- І KIEV JUL 1-5 1TOLH10129 KIEV ОСТ 2-6 1 1TOSR1EWR042 LENINGRAD JUL 5-8 Escort: Christine Bonacorsa ROME ОСТ 6-Ю MOSCOW JUL 8-Ю Spiritual guidance: Rev. Mychailo Wiwchar 1 Escort: Kvitka Semanyshyn 1 10. KARPATY JUN 27-JUL 17 BUDAPEST JUN 28-29 83000 2a LVIV EXPRESS HI ОСТ i7-29 BUDAPEST ОСТ 18 TRANSlT S16-, l L 1 21 DAYS SWISSAIR LVIV JUN 30-JUL 5 SGL S475 ІЗ DAYS SWISSAIR LVIV OCT 19-28 SGL S2 J KIEV JUL 5-8 1TOSR1EWR046 BUDAPEST OCT 28-29 TERNOPIL JUL 9-12 Escort: Christina Kowcz BREAKFAST BAS1S ONLY 1 1TOSR1EWR044 UZHOROD JUL 12-14 JUL 15-17 PRAGUE 29 TERNOP1L EXPRESS ОСТ 17-29 BUDAPEST OCT 18 TRANSlT із DAYS SWISSAIR 1 Escort: Lida Choma TERNOPlL OCT 19-28 'SGLS25 " 1 11 ZOZULlA 11 JUL 2-14 BUDAPEST JUL 3-4 S2150 1TOSR1EWR046 BUDAPEST OCT 28-29 1 13 DAYS LUFTHANSA LVIV JUL 5-Ю SGLS300 - Escort: Halia Horbowyj BREAKFAST BAS1S ONLY ч 1 1TOLH10126 KIEV JUL 10-14 І Escort: Andrew Keybida 30 RlZDvO JAN 3-15 1992 BUDAPEST JAN 4 TRANSlT S14C . 13 DAYS KLM AlRLlNES Lviv JAN 5-14 SGL S?5 і 12СНАІКА JUL 5-21 BUDAPEST JUL 6-7 82700 IT BUDAPEST JAN 15 TRANSlT 1 17 DAYS LUFTHANSA LVIV JUL 8-13 SGLS400 Escort: Eugenia Cikalo BREAKFAST BAS1S ONLY 1 1TOLH10126 YALTA JUL 13-16 І Escort: Stefa Chaplynsky KIEV JUL 16-21

і ІЗРОШМСА JUL 928 BUDAPEST JUL 10-11 S3000 FULL DAY KANiv EXCURS10N 1NCUJDED ON ALL КІЕУ TOURS 1 20 ОАЙк LUFTHANSA LVIV JUL 12-16 SGLS450 1 1TOLH10126 YALTA JUL 16-18 KHARKiv JUL 18-20 POLTAVA JUL 20-23 EXCURSIONS; OPISHNIA-RESHETYLIVKA 1 Escort: Miroslau Kolenskyj KlEv JUL 24-28 PRICES AND ITINERARIES ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT PRIOR N0T1C E 1 am interested in the following tour to Ukraine for 1991 .„„^- 1 14 BANQURA 11 JUL 18-AUG 4 BUDAPEST JUL 19-20 S2600 1 18 DAYS LUFTHANSA LVIV JUL 21-26 SGLS400 Please send me your brochure (to be mailed not sooner than Dec. 1990). 1 1TOLH10126 TERNOPIL JUL 26-30 1 Escort: Ulana Bachynsky KIEV JUL 31-AUG 4 Name „.^^„„^–^–^„^-^–^^. 1 15BUKOWNA JUL19-AUG4 BUDAPEST JUL 20-21 S2500 1 17 DAYS LUFTHANSA LVIV JUL 22-27 SGLS350 Address „„.„^----- 1 1TOLH10126 CHERNIVTSI JUL 27-31 (bus.) 1 Escort: Myron Babiuk ., , , ,„ . , KIEV . , . ,...... ,. . . . , , JUL-31-AUG 4 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 25,1990 No. 47

November 26 PREVIEW OF EVENTS December 8 NEWARK, N.J.: Branch 5 of the Organi– wood Road N.E. Featured will be a breaks for salaried professionals. The WASH1NGTON: The Washington zation for the Defense of Lemkivshchyna Ukrainian buffet and baked goods, evening will be held at St. volodymyr's Group cordially invites the community to and the Ukrainian Engineers' Society of ornaments, artwork, new and used Ukrainian Orthodox Church Annex, a Christmas party at the van Ness E. America, New Jersey branch, invite the books, records, plants and other items. 2238 W. Cortex, beginning at 7 p.m. Party Room, 293? van Ness St. NW, community to a lecture by Dr. volo– For further information call the shrine, Admission is free. Contact Peter Bes– beginning at 7 p.m. Featured will be a dymyr Mokry of Krakow, professor at (202) 526-3737. werchij, (312) 252-7183, for more infor– lavish buffet, an open bar, and dancing as the Jagellonian University and parlia– mation. well as Sviaty Mykolai and the chortyk. mentarian in the Polish Sejm. Dr. Mokry December 2 Admission is 515 for members and S20 will speak on "Ukraine and Poland in the for non-members. For more details call December 6 New European Situation" beginning at 7 HOLMDEL, NJ.: St. Wolodymyr the Marusia Drohobycky, (703) 524-8992 p.m. in the hall of St. Jofm the Baptist Great Ukrainian Catholic Church will (evenings). CH1CAGO: The Chicago branch of the Church, 719 Sanford Avfe. The film hold its annual Christmas bazaar at the Ukrainian Catholic University invites the "Concentration Camp in Jaworzno" will Hdlmdel Fire House, Route 520, at 10 CH1CAGO: The President of the Shev– public to a presentation by Dr. volo– be presented following the lecture. a.m. - 3 p.m. Available for purchase will chenko Scientific Society in Lviv, Dr. dymyr Mokry, member of the Polish^ Oleh Romaniv, will speak on "Scholar- be an assortment of hand-made crafts, Sejm and president of the Ukrainian November 30 ceramics, art and books, as well as ship in Ukraine and Diaspora" at an Cultural Foundation of St. volodymyr evening sponsored by the Shevchenko packaged varenyky and holubtsi, baked in Krakow, who will speak on the Ukrai– MAPLEWOOD, NJ.: Americans for goods, and a hot lunch of kapusta and Scientific Society, the Ukrainian Catho– Human Rights in Ukraine (AHRU) nian minority situation in Poland. The . lie University and the Encyclopedia of the kovbasa. Call Christine, (201) 857-0131, event will take place at Ss. volodymyr and presents a public meeting with represen– for more information. Ukrainian Diaspora. The lecture will be tatives from Zelenyi Svit, Yuriy Mish– Olha Cultural Center, at 7 p.m. For more followed by a buffet supper. The evening information call (312) 489-1339. chenko and Anatoliy Panov, at the hall NEWARK, N Л.: The Newark branch of will be held at Ss. volodymyr and Olha of Holy Ascension Ukrainian Orthodox Plast invites the community to its annual Auditorium at 6 p.m. Donation is 515. Church, 650-652 irvington Ave., be– For more information call (312) 489-1339 Christmas bazaar at St. John's Ukrainian December 7 ginning at 7:30 p.m. Call AHRU, (201) Catholic Church, 719 Sanford Ave. (days). 373-9729, for more details. Featured items will be wheat and poppy CHAGR1N FALLS, Ohio: Ohio Boy- . seeds for making kutia, honey, Christmas PARMA HE1GHTS, Ohio: Ohio Boy- December 1 choir will appear in a holiday concert at cards and sweets, as well as children's valley Presbyterian Church, beginning choir will appear in a holiday concert at handicrafts and tree decorations. Call at 7:30 p.m. The program will include St. John Bosco Church, ai 8 p.m. The BUFFALO, N.Y.: Ohio Boychoir will (201)371 -4903 for more details. four vesnianky and "Shchedryk" (all program will include four vesnianky and appear in a special holiday concert at "Shchedryk" (all sung in Ukrainian) as Holy Trinity Lutheran Church, 1080 sung in Ukrainian– as well as selections NEW YORK: Branch 72 of the Ukrai– from Mozart's Masses, Benjamin Brit- well as selection from Mozart's Masses, Main St., at 8:15 p.m. The program will nian National Women's League of Ame– Benjamin Britten's "A Ceremony of include four vesnianky and "Shchedryk" ten's "A Ceremony of Carols" and rica will sponsor a Musicale of Young Christmas favorites from around the Carols" and Christmas favorites from (all sung in Ukrainian) as well as selec– Talent at the Ukrainian institute of around the world. Concerts are free but tions from Mozart's Masses, Benjamin world. Concerts are free, but donations America, 2 E. 79th St., beginning at 4 are welcome and will be used to defray donations are welcome and will be used Britten's "A Ceremony of Carols" and p.m. Refreshments will be served after to defray the costs of the choir's up– Christmas favorites from around the the costs of the choir's upcoming concert the concert, presenting an opportunity tour of Ukraine. cbming concert tour in Ukraine. world. Concerts are free, but donations for the audience to meet with the partici– are welcome and will be used to defray pating artists. December 8-9 the costs of the choir's upcoming concert CH1CAGO: The Ukrainian National tour to Ukraine. Women's League of America, Branch December 2 - January 20 110, will hold a fashion show of furs CH1CAGO: SS. volodymyr and Olha Ukrainian Catholic Parish is sponsoring December 1-2 from Dion Furs Salon. A tax-deductible SASKATOON, Sask.: The Ukrainian 510 donation is requested, with all its 2nd annual Christmas arts and crafts Museum of Canada, 910 Spadina Cres– bazaar at the Ukrainian Cultural Center, WASH1NGTON: The Ukrainian Catho– proceeds to benefit the children victims cent E,, will present "Ukrainian Christ- 2247 W. Chicago Ave., at 9 a.m. - 5 p.m. lic National Shrine of the Holy Family of Chornobyl. A full-length mink coat mas Traditions," an exhibit portraying on both days. Featured will be many will hold its Christmas bazaar and annual donated by Dion Furs will be raffled. For celebrations during the Christmas sea- unique crafts and collectibles, including book sale on Saturday, 10 a.m. - 6 p.m., further information call valia Chryniw– son. The show will illustrate various sky, (708)382-3371. traditional and modern Ukrainian art, and Sunday, 1-5:30 p.m. at 4250 Hare– activities such as the visit of St. Nicholas, ethnic foods, refreshments, door and the Christmas Eve supper, caroling, cash prizes. For further information Malanka (New Year) celebrations and contact Christine Sawyn, (312) 942-0804, the blessing of water on Epiphany; December 7-8 the Rev. Myron Panchuk, (312) 942- included will be artifacts and photo- 0320, or the Cultural Center, (312) 384- graphs from the collection of the mu– SAN D1EGO, Calif.: The House of 6400. seum. Call (306) 244-3800 to obtain more Ukraine, a member of The House of details. Pacific Relations, international Cot– tages, and located in Balboa Park, will PLEASE NOTE: Preview items December 5 participate in the annual Christmas on must be received one week before the Prado celebration. All of the 30- desired date of publication. No CH1CAGO: The Chicago Group is member nations will be selling ethnic information will be taken over the sponsoring a seminar on "Tax and foods, at 5-9 p.m. Christmascarolingand phone. Preview items will be investment Strategies for the Profes– Ukrainian art displays and embroidery sional" by 1 van Shandor, vice presi– will be a highlight of the festivities. All published only once (please indicate dent^taxation at Baxter international. Balboa Park museums will be open, free desired date of publication). All Topics are geared toward job changers, of charge, to the thousands of expected items are published at the discretion two-career couples and singles. Mr. attendees. For further information call of the editorial staff and in ac– Shandor will also outline valuable tax (619) 487-9276. cordance with available space. UABA la MaMa ETC 4 Yarn Arts Group present: The Ukrainian American Bar Association A UGHT FROM THE EAST directed by virlana Tkacz announces a music by Roman Hurko set A lights by Watoku Ueno costumes by Carol Ann Pelletier SPEC1AL MEET1NG OF MEMBERS dramaturg: Wanda Phipps asst director: Jessica Balboni prod stage mgr: Tamara lvanochko to discuss music: Odarka Polanskyj with: Jason Bauer, THE UABA 6 RECENT DEYELOPMENTS1N UKRA1NE Sean Eden, Amy Grappell, Timothy Greer', Petr McCabe', Rebecca Moore oY Shona Tucker' ('courtesy of AEA) Kiev 19207New York 1990 SATURDAY STOUFFER'S TOWER CITY PLAZA HOTEL They dream of a new world DEC. 8,1990 PUBLJtC SQUARE on stage 10M AM to 5:00 PM CLEVELAND, ото Now snowing: La MaMa ETC 74A E 4th St (between 2nd ем 3rd Ave) Nov 23 to Dec 9, 1990 For further information and to register for the tneei „, Thurs-Sun 8:00 A Sun 3:00 phase call M. Smorodsky, UABA President - (201) 939-1999 tickets: 510712; 2127475-7710