IEC INTERNATIONAL

GLOBAL RAILWAY BUSINESS

OVERVIEW OF MAJOR RAIL EVENTS

IV QUARTER 2020 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

BUSINESS HEALTH Q4 showed a relatively low level of activity, as previously Q3. Digital and technological have been blooming, 01 however they mainly refer to levels of companies or countries and no to large-scale cooperative and integration solutions.

INVESTMENTS AND FINANCING increase in total value of announced projects thanks to large programmes in EU countries 02 € 37 bn in Q4 (€ 9 bn in Q3, € 18 bn in Q2, € 281 in Q1).

COVID-19 IMPACT Q4 was similar to Q3 in term of pandemic-related initiatives and support measures. In EU area the initiatives are mainly linked to 2021 Year of Railway. No drastic review of national or international strategies has benn 03 proposed by key market players, apart from changes in specific passenger services.

Q4 = 4 QUARTER 2020 2 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 CONTENTS

SCOPE OF OVERVIEW

GEOGRAPHY OF GLOBAL RAILWAY BUSINESS IN Q4 2020

RAIL INVESTMENTS AND FINANCING

BUSINESS STRATEGIES, M&A

INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVES AND PARTNERSHIPS

RAIL PERSONS

RAILWAY SECTORS

3 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 SCOPE OF OVERVIEW

Investments Strategies Major international and national investments. International and national initiatives. Financing from development banks Corporate strategies of railway companies. supranational organizations. Private Business development via M&A or new investments of rail companies. subsidiaries. Technologies Passenger New technologies and digital solutions for High speed, long-haul and suburban railway railways. Cooperation with non-rail passenger transportation. Services, routes technological companies. Innovations. and contracts. Station management. Construction Urban Construction, modernization and upgrade of Development of urban transportation: rail, rail infrastructure classified by cycles of , tram. project. Rolling stock Freight Rolling stock production and procurement. Railway freight transportation development. Passenger, freight and urban transportation News from logistics hubs. needs.

SOURCES: 1. RAIL SECTOR MEDIA. 2. OFFICIAL INTERNET SITES OF RAILWAY COMPANIES AND ORGANIZATIONS. FOR Q3 MORE THAN 190 KEY EVENTS ARE CONSIDERED. THIS IS YET A NON-EXHAUSTIVE LIST. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND DETAILED ANALYSIS YOU MAY CONTACT IEC TEAM. 4 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 GEOGRAPHY OF GLOBAL RAILWAY BUSINESS 2020 Q4. TYPES OF BUSINESS PROJECTS. EU, , , UK EASTERN EUROPE**

EASTERN ASIA

SOUTHERN ASIA NORTHERN AMERICA NORTHERN AFRICA WESTERN ASIA

SOUTHEASTERN ASIA

SOUTHERN EUROPE CENTRAL AMERICA WESTERN AFRICA SOUTH AMERICA

AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND SOUTHERN AFRICA

INVESTMENTS NEW URBAN FREIGHT AND FINANCING TECHNOLOGIES TRANSPORT TRANSPORT CANCELLATION OF PROJECTS DUE TO COVID-19 **including , all countries considered as by UN Geoscheme, except for EU BUSINESS CONSTRUCTION, PASSENGER ROLLING / TEMPORARY SERVICES FOR first symbol represents dominant types of activities, others in random order DEVELOPMENT UPGRADE TRANSPORT STOCK COVID-19 PANDEMIC 5 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 GEOGRAPHY OF GLOBAL RAILWAY BUSINESS 2020 Q4. TOTAL NUMBER OF BUSINESS PROJECTS.

124

33 EU COUNTRIES, WESTERN EUROPE, NORTHERN EUROPE 17 NORTHERN AMERICA

12 EASTERN EUROPE

10 EASTERN ASIA

6 SOUTHERN ASIA 5 AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND SOUTHERN AFRICA 20

OTHER

NUMBER OF PROJECTS INCLUDES INITIATIVES, NEW STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS AND INVESTMENT DECISIONS. 6 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 RAIL INVESTMENTS AND FINANCING

INVESTMENT MIX (BY NUMBER OF PROJECTS) ORGANIZATIONS EU: national network modernization projects in , , . EU countries Metro development in (EU Cohesion Fund and JICA). metro train fleet 8 2 procurement under EBRD loan. 1 : a € 400m green loan agreement of Development banks Supranational funding* 1 Northern America national passenger operator with the Nordic 2 Investment Bank to finance the acquisition of 5 electric trains in 2020-25 5 National investments USA: $ 498.7 m funding for seven transit Southern Asia infrastructure projects in Arizona, California, *Mainly EU. Also considered development banks providing Indiana, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina and financing following supranational decisions 12 Utah. $ 638 m grant for the construction of Phoenix South Central LRT. Central Asia TYPES OF CONFIRMED FUNDING India: $ 241m New Development Bank’s loan for Mumbai Metro Line 6, $500 m ADB’s loan for Bangalore metro. Southern Europe 8 Grants Uzbekistan: approval of ADB’s $ 121m loan to complete the modernization of the rail network in the Ferghana Valley Western Asia 7 Loans Bosnia and Herzegovina: EIB’s € 75 m financing for Sarajevo tram project. Calculated by the number of announced projects in Q4 2020 7 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 RAIL INVESTMENTS AND FINANCING MAJOR PROVIDERS OF INVESTMENTS AND FINANCING IN Q4 2020 (BY VOLUMES OF FINANCING) DEVELOPMENT BANKS LOCAL INTESTATE LOANS TOTAL VALUE OF ANNOUNCED PROJECTS* AND SUPRANATIONAL (EU) vs. € 9 bn in Q3 vs. € 18 bn € 37 bn in Q2 92% 0% 8% vs. € 281 bn in Q1

*non-exhaustive, as officially announced in Q4 2020; Includes investments of financing institutions and planned KEY FACTS national investments, represents total costs of funded projects. Significant increase in number of announced national investments in comparison to Q3 and Q2, mainly thanks to national network upgrade projects in EU countries.

As well as in Q3 no new important interstate loans were announced, though previously agreed projects are on-going and no cancellations were made public.

Loans of development institutions in Q4, as well as in Q3, referred mainly to urban development projects (metro, LRT, urban rail). 8 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 RAIL INVESTMENTS AND FINANCING. NATIONAL PROGRAMMES

EU, NON-EU COUNTRIES NORTHERN AMERICA OF WESTERN AND NORTHERN EUROPE

Austria: Infrastructure spending package for 2021-26 had been agreed by the Council USA: Funding provided through a grant agreement from the Federal Transit of Ministers. The entire rail network should be electrified by 2035. Administration (FTA) for the construction of Phoenix South Central LRT Cost: € 17.5bn for 6 years. implemented by Valley Metro. Cost: $ 638 m. Portugal: The government has confirmed its intention to press ahead with rail investment as part of a wider national stimulus programme. Delivery of 16 rail projects, financed from both Seven transit infrastructure projects in Arizona, California, Indiana, Minnesota, the national budget and EU sources, is expected. Almost half of investments is dedicated to Missouri, North Carolina and Utah, including the Transbay Corridor Core building a new line between Porto and Lisboa. Capacity, the Minneapolis Southwest LRT, the Kansas City tram main street Cost: € 10.5 bn for 10 years. extension received grant funding. Cost: $ 498.7 m. Spain: A 36% increase in investment for the national rail network has been put forward in the draft budget proposals for 2021. Specific funding is designated for suburban enhancements Funding to complete the final design work for six infrastructure improvements Cercanías 24, improvement of punctuality, Viajeros y Mercancías 30 scheme for logistics hubs. along Canadian Pacific’s Soo Line route approved. Level crossing Cost: € 5.6 bn for 2021. improvements on the section of Amtrak’s Michigan Line received financial support. Country maps are schematic and are not intended to represent exact borders. Cost: $ 47,4 m 9 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020

BUSINESS STRATEGIES, M&A : Hamburger Hafen & Logistik has established Ukrainian Intermodal Co to offer USA: Short line and regional freight railway group Patriot Rail is to container transport by rail from the port of : two companies have been acquire the privately-owned Salt Lake, Garfield & Western Railway in Odessa to inland destinations. established by the government and local Utah. authorities to plan two major rail projects. Jaguar Transport Holdings has acquired five short line railways and a construction and maintenance company from The Western Group. RUSSIA: Cognitive Pilot intends to expand into Western Europe. CSX Corp has signed a definitive agreement to acquire Pan Am Railways. Operators Norfolk Southern, Genesee & Wyoming and Watco have : Trenitalia acquired sole control of Netinera joined wagon manufacturer TrinityRail and leasing company GATX Deutschland though the €118m purchase of the 49% Corp in a joint venture intended to accelerate the adoption of GPS stake held by Luxembourg-based infrastucture investor location tracking and other telematics across the North American Cube Transport. freight wagon fleet. Railpool has launched an Italian business.

Activity in partneships in Q4 was slightly higher than in EGYPT: Bombardier Transportation will SERBIA: Participation of in Belgrade establish an Engineering Academy in metro project discussed with Serbian Minister Q3. Cairo. of Transport. Still no public revision of corporate strategies were announced by the end of 2020.

PARTNERSHIPS 1. EU: The national rail operators of , Austria, and Switzerland have agreed to cooperate on the expansion of international night train services. 2. GERMANY: an agreement to cooperate in the joint development of ‘holistic’ hydrogen systems to facilitate the replacement of diesel trains with hydrogen fuelled vehicles has been signed by Mobility and Siemens Energy M&A, strategic partnerships, 3. SLOVENIA, : strategic partnership between its freight division SŽ-Tovorni Promet and Praha-based European agreements energy, infrastructure and logistics group EP Holding approved. strategic development, new 4. RUSSIAN FEDERATION: Russian Railways and Delo Group have signed an agreement to work with shipping lines, ports, local markets governments and other railway administrations to increase the number of containers transported by rail. 10 COVID-19 impact Modal shift to rail INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVES AND PROPOSALS Green initiative Ditial initiatives, programmes and projects Rail passenger and urban transport initiatives

1) USA: Federal Railroad Administration published a Final Rule establishing metrics and minimum standards to measure the performance and service quality of inter-city passenger trains. 2) ALLRAIL: association of independent passenger train operators Varous transport initiatives and programmes and retailers has called on EU member states to ensure that market-dominant incumbent operators share their data with third 1) EU: A regulation permitting member states to waive party journey planning and ticket selling platforms. or defer track access charges in order to support the rail sector Rail freight transport intiatives through the coronavirus pandemic has been formally adopted by the EU Council and European Parliament 1) EU: formal declaration in Berlin by EU Transpot Ministers to 2) EU: The Skill Training Alliance For the Future European Rail system ‘support international rail freight and further strengthen the Rail (STAFFER) partnership of 32 organizations from across the transport, Freight Corridors’. policy and education sectors has been launched to address the rail 2) CER, UITP: CER and UITP have joined other logistics and industry’s current and emerging skills and training needs manufacturing industry associations in making a joint call for the 3) DG MOVE, ERA, OTIF: A three-way agreement for administrative creation of an EU-wide framework for the governance of cooperation to promote technical interoperability, in particular for the business-to-business data which would provide a level playing transport of dangerous goods, has been signed. field ‘for all partners in the digital economy’. 4) USA: The Railway Supply Institute has released its RSI-100 Product 3) FRANCE: Rail freight will receive the support it needs to become Quality Certification Standard (production of tank car parts). ‘more competitive, more productive and more reliable. 4) OTIF: The 2021 edition of the Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail is now available.

IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 11 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 RAIL PERSONS

UK DEB HARDY was appointed as Chief Financial Officer of DB Cargo UK. KATHRYN DARBANDI to become Managing Director of Caledonian Sleeper.

USA STEPHEN GARDNER has been appointed President of Amtrak. CRAIG RICHARDSON was appointed as Executive Vice-President, Chief Legal Officer & Corporate Secretary of Union Pacific.

SOUTH AFRICA LEONARD RAMATLAKANE BADISA MATSHEGO to become a Chaiman of a newly appointed permanent management board for national operator Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa.

12 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 RAIL SECTORS. RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION AND UPGRADE USINESS LEVEL B CHINA: High-speed line linking Beijing with the Xiong’an New Area in Hebei Similarly to Q3, Q4 activities in rail infrastructure province completed. SWITZERLAND: Four-tracking of the construction and upgrade were very moderate The 162 km Hefei – Anqing Rhein Valley main line north of Basel Passenger-Dedicated Line opened for comparing to other years and previous quarters, to boost freight capacity approved. revenue service. though large-scale investments were announced SPAIN: A 110.8 km section Madrid to Taiwan: Electrification of Taiwan for the upcoming decade in EU and USA. Galicia high-speed line between Railways Administration’s 1 067 mm Zamora, Puebla de Sanabria and gauge main line network was Pedralba de la Pradería inaugurated. completed.

THAILAND: First of 14 contracts for Rehabillitation of Trans-Namib main line is an work on the planned 1 435 mm NIGERIA: The 1 435 mm gauge gauge rail link linking Bangkok important project for Southern Africa. The work is north-south railway built by and the northeastern province of being by a loan from the African Development Bank Chinese CCECC formally Nakhon Ratchasima signed. (44%) and from the Namibian government. The opened for commercial operation. contract to refurbish the 108 km section of line NAMIBIA: Rehabilitation of Trans- between Walvis Bay and Arandis awarded to China Namib’s main line from Walvis Bay to Gezhouba Group Corp. The next section from Arandis Swakopmund as part of a government-backed project to develop AUSTRALIA: An A$650m contract for the next phase of to Kranzberg will be refurbished by a JV of Qingjian a transport and logistics hub serving the Inland Rail corridor has been signed by Australian GroupCo (China) and Unik Construction Engineering southern Africa has begun with Rail Track Corp and the Trans4m Rail joint venture. (registered in Botswana). participation of Chinese companies. The MELconnx Consortium has been awarded the contract to design and build the 21 km Morley – Around 70% of the national rail network is to be Ellenbrook line to serve the northeast suburbs of Perth. rehabilitated as part of the programme. The government is to provide A$44.7m for Australian Rail Track Corp to renew 35 km of the Narrabri to Turrawan line/

Not all projects are shown. You may contact IEC Team for full list of projects and other details. 13 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 RAIL SECTORS. PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION

CZECH REPUBLIC, : BUSINESS LEVEL , GERMANY: Snälltåget has opened RegioJet has obtained all the ticket sales for the Stockholm – Berlin approvals needed to launch night train service. its planned overnight service JAPAN: JR East is to raise between Praha, Kraków and the line speed limits on key Przemysl. sections of the Tohoku Shinkansen in order to make its train services more USA: Luxury train operator Rocky Mountaineer competitive with airlines. has announced plans to launch a two-day ‘Rockies to the Red Rocks’ rail journey between Denver in Colorado and Moab in Utah.

NETHERLANDS: Amsterdam PAKISTAN: Karachi Circular Railway passenger to rejoin the network of services resumed. European overnight trains for the first time since Despite the pandemic-related drop of passenger 2016 with Amsterdam – services and relevant activities, Q4 saw a number Wien services by ÖBB. of announcements for future new overnight services in EU, probably in a preparation to 2021 European Year of Railway. Open-access railway undertakings enter the market of overnight transportation in Europe which was previously dominated by ÖBB’s NightJet services. Further strategic steps to compete with air transportation (as largely observed in EU countries in Q3) are now observed in other parts of the world. Not all projects are shown. You may contact IEC Team for full list of projects and other details. 14 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 RAIL SECTORS. URBAN TRANSPORTATION

BUSINESS LEVEL SWEDEN: Systra was selected to draft a programme document for the first POLAND: Metro Warszawskie, EBRD and CANADA: Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec, Uppsala tram line in Sweden. the ING bank signed a € 87.2 m loan through its subsidiary CDPQ Infra, the Government of agreement which will finance the Warsaw Québec and the Montréal City Council have announced metro train fleet procurement. the plans to construct the East Montreal REM (Réseau express métropolitain) project. CHINA: Knorr-Bremse and ROMANIA: Romania’s Ministry Infrastructure Ontario and Metrolinx issued two Requests CRRC signed a contract for of Transport and Metrorex, the Bucharest for Proposals (RFPs) for procurement packages for the the delivery of braking and metro operator, have signed the Ontario Line project. entrance systems to equip financing agreement for the city’s airport the trains for Beijing’s new metro connection. USA: Los Angeles County Metropolitan metro Line 17, as well as Transportation Authority (Metro) approved the 30- HVAC systems for the city’s year transport strategy, which is an updated 2020 : EBRD has published the Project PAKISTAN: Lahore first metro line Line 19. Long Range Transport Plan, with a needed Summary Documents (PSD) for the inaugurated, fleet delivered by investment of $ 400 bn. construction of Buca metro line. CRRC Zhuzhou. The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) has proposed a USD 1.64 billion operating budget for 2021 that IRAQ: The Iraqi Ministry of Transport and an Alstom-led consortium together with highlights the need for new federal funding to SINGAPORE: Land Transport Authority support public transport across the United States. Hyundai Engineering & Construction awarded Penta-Ocean Construction the signed a Letter of Intent to define a first two civil contracts for the Malaysia- framework for the Baghdad elevated A new market for urban transportation development in Singapore rapid rail link with a total value train (BET) project. of $ 699.56 m. Q4 was Iraq, showing now high activity in various INDIA: Bengaluru Metro Rail Corporation domains of rail transportation enhancement. AUSTRALIA: ADCO Constructions has been (BMRCL) awarded and selected as preferred bidder to design and build Siemens Limited India a contract to Lakelands station as part of Perth’s Metronet Q4 showed a high-as-usual activity in urban implement GoA 4 automatic train suburban rail expansion programme. transportation developments, with traditionally operation for phase 2 of the Bangalore AW Edwards won a $ 264.3 m contract for the represented markets of South and Southeastern Asia, metro expansion project. construction of Sydney Metro Crows Nest Eastern Asia (China), Northern America and Southern station EU countries (Romania). Not all projects are shown. You may contact IEC Team for full list of projects and other details. 15 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 RAIL SECTORS. FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION SWITZERLAND: BLS Cargo has begun FINALND: Estonian national freight BUSINESS LEVEL operator Operail ran its first running freight trains for Italian SPAIN: Transfesa Logistics and Euro commercial open access train in company Ambrogio Intermodal from Pool System are to collaborate to Finland. Switzerland to using the CANADA: Canadian Pacific has same locomotives throughout. announced a ‘strategic, multi-year’ expand the Valencia - Rotterdam BELGIUM: Lineas is expanding its agreement to move freight through CoolRail refrigerated produce Green Xpress network with a thrice- the ports of Vancouver and Montréal services to new destinations weekly service between Antwerpen, for AP Moller-Maersk from March throughout Europe countries, Recklinghausen, Langweid-Foret and 2021. Germany and Poland. Wolfurt in Austria.

AUSTRIA: Cargo-Partner has FRANCE: Governmental support organised a block train to carry 46 to rail freight announced. containers from Linz in Austria to Qingdao in China for cellulose fibre manufacturer Lenzing.

AFGANISTAN: A trial freight train URUGUAY: Finnish paper group UPM has delivered more than 400 tonnes of cement from Iran to Rosnak in Herat Gradual revival of freight services continued in Q4 in awarded a consortium of Christophersen Group, Cointer Concesiones and Deutsche province. the Western and South Asia with new links I.R. Iran – Bahn International Operations a 22-year contract to move up to 3 million tonnes/year of Afghanistan. UKRAINE: Test service of freight train wood pulp, chemicals and fuel between its Chongqing - Slawkow via Ukraine future pulp mill at Paso de los Toros and the For East – West – East Eurasian services activation organized. port of Montevideo. of transportation via the Ukraine in Q4 may be of high importance for further re-allocation of freight NAMIBIA: National railway TransNamib flows in the short- to mid-term, especially for is aiming to double the volume of freight which it moves. China – Central and Southern Europe connections. Not all projects are shown. You may contact IEC Team for full list of projects and other details. 16 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 RAIL SECTORS. ROLLING STOCK PRODUCTION GERMANY: BVG awarded Bombardier SWEDEN: Green Cargo and Romanian Transportation a contract for the delivery of AND PROCUREMENT manufacturer Softronic have signed a long up to 117 new Flexity vehicles. BUSINESS LEVEL term framework agreement for the supply of further Transmontana six-axle electric Go-Ahead Deutschland has selected the locomotives. TMH International to maintain two fleets of electric multiple-units that it will operate in CHINA: China Railway has LITHUANIA: LTG Link has announced the southern Bayern and Baden-Württemberg. awarded the Bombardier Sifang electric train procurement which covers the (Qingdao) Transportation JV a supply of 30 new trains with a part of them 1.6 bn yuan contract to supply being equipped with batteries. 14 eight-car CR300AF trainsets.

MAYAMAR: Myanma Railways has awarded a MOROCCO: Casa Transports awarded Alstom partnership of Mitsubishi Corp and CAF two PANAMA: Hitachi Rail and Mitsubishi Corp a € 130 m contract for the supply of 66 contracts for the supply of a total of 246 signed a $ 883 m contract for the supply of Citadis trams X05. diesel-electric multiple-unit cars. rolling stock and equipment for the new metro line. INDIA: Chittaranjan Locomotive Works has rolled out the first pair of WAP-5 electric locomotives designed for top-and-tail operation on Tejas Express privately-operated Rolling stock production and procurement KENYA: Five diesel multiple-units procured by passenger services. Kenya Railways Corp and produced by CAF market stayed stable in Q4, major share of were formally launched into service. investments referring to urban rolling stock procurement. SOFIA: Metrovagonmash, part of Q4 was positive for producers originating from , and Metropolitan EAD France (Alstom and Bombardier), Spain (CAF), signed a contract to upgrade trains. Japan (Hitachi Rail, Mitsubishi Corp) and the Russian Federation (United Wagon Co, Transmashholding). Not all projects are shown. You may contact IEC Team for full list of projects and other details. 17 IEC International | Global railway business overview | Q4 2020 RAIL SECTORS. NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND DIGITALIZATION RUSSIA: Russian Railways has added an Import Transportation function to its freight BUSINESS LEVEL transport trading platform, allowing registered users including non-residents to remotely order, pay for, and track imported cargo across Russia. CANADA: Canadian Pacific has joined TradeLens, a blockchain-based platform for secure and transparent transfer of POLAND: The Port of Gdynia’s Baltic container shipping documents which was Container Terminal has joined the EU- developed by IBM and AP Moller-Maersk. backed COMODALCE initiative to JAPAN: JR East, Hitachi and Toyota SPAIN: Tendering is to begin soon for the Canadian Pacific has announced plans to upgrade intermodal operations, and will development of national train operator RENFE Motor Corp are to collaborate to test develop what it says will be North Amercia’s participate in a pilot for electronic Operadora’s planned ‘RENFE-as-a-Service’ the use of batteries and hydrogen fuel first hydrogen-powered main line exchange of wagon and freight handling digital platform for planning and purchasing cell hybrid traction systems adapted locomotive. activity data. multimodal door-to-door journeys. from technology used in the road sector.

EU: UIC has awarded railway Hit Rail a contract to supply an Open Sales & GERMANY: Deutsche Bahn and Siemens Distribution Model platform to replace its Mobility are to trial a fuel cell powered AUSTRALIA: Transport for New South existing PRIFIS international tariff regional trainset in revenue service Wales has worked with Amazon Web distribution tool. between Tübingen, Horb and Pforzheim in Services, digital services company Autonomous train operations, 5G-based Work has officially started on an EU-backed 2024, along with a green hydrogen fuelling Tigerspike and transport software communications, new types of traction for freight project to develop a demonstrator version plant. developer AppJourney to add physical of the Future Railways Mobile and passenger trains, digital interlockings and Ci4Rail has been founded in Nürnberg to distancing and passenger occupancy Communication System, as a successor to provide intelligent cloud services and edge notifications for Sydney Trains and development of digital twins, data interchange current GSM-R technology. technology for the transport sector. metro services to the Opal Travel app. and integration, digital services to passengers were among technological priorities in Q4 COVID-19-related continuing previous trends. Not all projects are shown. You may contact IEC Team for full list of projects and other details. 18 IEC INTERNATIONAL

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