40Th Anniveisafv of Vistory of Anti-Japanese War Il8 ^!^Iin<I Lue
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No. 32 August 12, 1985 A CHINESE WEEKLY OF NEWS AND VIEWS 40th Anniveisafv of Vistory of Anti-Japanese War il8 ^!^iin<i lUe PBBylaBfi SPOTLIQHT 0 'it •> An artisan passes his skills Tin incense burners. onto a young worker. Tin Handicraft Articles in Yunnan Province Gejiu tin handicraft has a history of more than 300 years. Through dissolution, modelling, scraping and assemble, the artisans create patterns with distinctive national features on pieces of tin. Besides the art for appreciation, Gejiu also produces many handicraft goods for daily use. The products sell well at home and abroad. Croftswoman polishes fin articles. Tin crane. Various kinds of tin wine vessels. ^^^^^^^^^ BEIJING REVIEW HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK Vol. 28, No. 32 August 12, 1985 Looking Back to World War 11 In China As part of a series commemorating the 40th anniversary of CONTENTS the worldwide victory against fascism, a Beijing Review article epitomizes the 8-year long history of China's anti-Japanese war (1937-45), highlighting the role the Communist-Kuomintang co• NOTES FROM THE EDITORS 4 operation played in the war (p. 13). Fostering Lofty Communist Ideals LEnERS 5 Army Aims to Cut Ranks by 1 Miliion EVENTS & TRENDS 6-9 The Chinese People's Liberation Army celebrated its 58th 'Star Wars' Must Be Avoided — Deng birthday August 1 on the operating table — by reducing 1 Army Aims to Cut Ranks by 1 million troops. This reduction is being carried out to remedy Million the problem Deng Xiaoping noted in 1975 when he said, "The China, Japan Sign Nuclear Agreement army should have an operation to cut its swelling" (p. 6). Financial Picture Satisfactory Officials Sacked for Car Import Racket Upiioiding Communist Vaiues and Discipline INTERNATIONAL 10-12 Since last March, an education programme has been going India: Gandhi's New Diplomatic on to remedy unhealthy tendencies, indifference to communist Moves Uganda: Obote Government values and a low sense of discipline. While implementing the Overthrown principle of "to each according to his work," the country's Helsinki: CSCE. Ten Years in leaders encourage people to have lofty ideals and a devotion to Retrospect Poland: Economic Reforms Look the nation (p. 4). Hopeful Officials Sacked for Car Smuggling 40 Years After: Reassessing the « War in China 13 Several high-ranking officials in southern Guangdong War Against Japan (pictorial) 17-20 Province's Hainan Island were dismissed because of their So Much Love for so Many 23 involvement in* car smuggling. In the meantime, provincial SPECIAL REPORT: Party secretary Lin Ruo said, Hainan's open policy will remain China's Administrative Regions: intact (p. 8). Guizhou: A Multi-Nationoi Prov• ince Waiting to Be Topped 24 Guizitou — A Province To Be Tapped FROM THE CHINESE PRESS 30 SPORTS 31 Remote and mountainous Guizhou Province has long been CULTURE & SCIENCE 32-33 one of China's most backward areas. But moves are now being BOOKS made to tap its natural resources and develop its potential as a 34 tourist attraction. Among Guizhou's strongest attributes are its COVER: A scene of a karst cave in awesome scenery and colourful ethnic minority villages, ac• the suburban Guiyang, Guizhou Prov• ince cording to an on-the-spot report by Beijing Review cor• Photo by Mi Qiu respondent (p. 24). Tiiblislied every Monday Distribution and subscriptions handled by SubscHptton prices (1 yMir)t BEIJING REVIEW China Intomcrtienal Book Trading Australia A.$14.00 USA US$18.00 2(4 Baiwanzhuang Road, Beijing Corporation (GUOJI SHUDIAN), New Zeolond NZ. $18.00 UK £8.00 fhe People's Republic of China P.O. Box 399, Beijing, China Conoda Can. $15.00 NOTES FROM THE EpiTOftS Fostering Lofty Communist (deals to spread unchecked for some cern, for this is intolerable under by AN ZHIGUO time? Because the people involved socialism. Political Editor were obsessed with personal gains or their small-group interests and China's aim is to vigorously In March China stepped up its abandoned their lofty communist boost its planned commodity econ• efforts to instill communist ideals ideals, the socialist cause and the omy based on public owner• and discipline into Party members, principle of serving the people. ship, while also ensuring the government functionaries and the growth of private businesses, general public. The education Discipline guarantees the realiza• Chinese-foreign joint ventures and programme, designed to remedy tion of communist ideals. If peo• wholly-owned foreign companies unhealthy tendencies, indifference ple become indifferent to these in China. In the meantime, all to communist values and a low ideals, discipline can become lax, citizens and Party members are sense of discipline, is of far-reach• inviting all sorts of temptations. urged to maintain their ideological ing significance. To curb unhealthy tendencies, integrity and consciously resist the serious offenders should be brought negative influences of the com• China today is striving for social• to legal account. But it is more im• modity economy. ist modernization. Its open policy portant to step up education among We are correcting the former and ongoing economic reforms are the populace. all aimed at realizing socialism, the egalitarian practice of "everybody first stage of communism. eating from the same big pot" and implementing the principle of "to But the country cannot build so• each according to his work." This cialism in a vacuum. The ideas of The current education Marxist principle, which is poles the former exploiting classes will programme of fostering apart from the concept "money is still exert their influence for a long communist ideals is everything," calls for correctly time to come. Also, the long-term designed to remedy balancing the interests of the state, policy of invigorating the domestic the collective and the individual. economy and opening to the out• unhealthy tendencies, It also requires that we differen• side world has undeniably increas• indifference to co/nmunist tiate between the interests of the ed the chances of bourgeois deca• values and a low sense of partial and the whole, between im• dence making inroads into people's discipline. mediate and long-term interests. minds. In short, we should continue to implement the principle of "to The unhealthy tendencies that each according to his work" and surfaced late last year manifest China's planned commodity oppose the thinking of "doing themsevles in many fields. Some economy is based on public owner• everything for money." government employees, for exam• ship of the means of production, ple, have engaged in commercial and is thus essentially different While doing so, we also want to activities. Some trafficked in from a capitalist commodity econ• imbue our people with communist commodities that are in short omy. In capitalism, the principle values and an utter devotion to the supply, took or gave bribes, raised of commodity exchange seeps into nation. All citizens are encouraged prices indiscriminately, sold fake every aspect of society. The new to contribute as much as possible goods or illegally obtained foreign unhealthy tendencies show that the to the country's modernization currencies. Unsavoury tabloids and principle of commodity exchange drive without haggling over their pornographic videotapes were com• has also found ways into some personal gains and losses. Certain• mon in some places. Party and government organiza• ly this does not mean returning to tions; money worship is so much the old w^ys of "everyone eating Why were these things allowed in vogue that it has caused con• from the same big pot." 4 Beijing Review, No. 32 LETTERS PLA's Reduction Is Good ' would like to know what opinions News j Chinese scientists have on the question of the nature of material, 1 am very glad to hear that the not only in microcosmic, but Chinese government has begun to I also in macrocosmic respect. cut the size of the People's Lib• Kjell Pedensson Most Party members are laden eration Army. Such action helps Sweden with Communist ideals and are against a possible world war. strictly self-disciplined. But some 1 Comments and Suggestions have found the temptations of I am also pleased with the material wealth hard to resist. covers of Beijing Review, which I have been reading Beijing The Party Central Committee has are vivid and true to life. The \ for seven years. The said that education in ideals and cc^our pictures have a strong ap• articles in "Notes From the discipline should be high on the peal to the readers. I enjoy the Editors" column are interesting agenda of its current consolida• political reports because your I because they are not only simple tion drive. articles are different from local : and short but also factual. The reports that describe things in a j "Events & Trends" column also The young are the future of the gloomy tone. is edited very well. Articles on state, and efforts are also being I find it difficult to understand your government and political made to foster high ideals and a the economic reports, for the : life and social phenomena are sense of discipline among them. articles are very specific and en• fascinating. It is necessary to im- This is important to keeping the tirely new for me. Originally I I prove the "International" column. country on the right track; on no was interested in your efforts on ] Westerners, who receive reports account should the young become the field of ecology, but you give i from capitalist news media, find captives of bourgeois ideology. little coverage of it. I have as• ; Chinese views and stands on I political events interesting. Gen• This education drive has already sumed that you don't take this field seriously. erally speaking, shorter stories begun yielding results.