Save Our Ships. Save Our History [TM]. Teacher's Guide

DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 465 664 SO 033 792

AUTHOR Maxwell, Louise P.; Rosenberg, Jessica TITLE Save Our Ships. Save Our History[TM]. Teacher's Guide. INSTITUTION A&E Network, New York, NY. PUB DATE 2002-00-00 NOTE 17p.; Edited by Libby Haight O'Connell. AVAILABLE FROM A&E Television Networks, Attn: Community Marketing, 235 East 45th Street, New York, NY 10017. Tel: 877-875-3276 (Toll Free); Fax: 212-551-1540; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.historychannel.com/classroom/saveourships/. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Teacher (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Curriculum Enrichment; Heritage Education; Interdisciplinary Approach; Intermediate Grades; National Standards; *Navigation; Seafarers; Secondary Education; Slavery; Social Studies; *United States History IDENTIFIERS Historical Preservation; *Naval History; *Ships

ABSTRACT Maritime history is an important part of this country's past and provides a critical foundation for understanding the settlement and development of the North American continent over the past five centuries. Teachers, historians, and maritime experts have worked together to create this manual, providing educators with materials to incorporate the history of ships and other water crafts into courses in the arts, social studies, and science. This manual, prepared by the History Channel and directed toward children in grades 5 through 8, can be used as an introductory overview or as a separate lesson plan. Teachers, for example, could develop a unit to study clipper ships. There are three lessons: (1) "Ships across Time: An Overview"; (2) "Merchant Ships and the Slave Trade"; and (3) "Navigating the Seas." Each lesson contains questions for discussion and extended activities. The activities support national history standards. (Contains a glossary and lists Internet and print resources.) (BT)

Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Save Our Ships. Save Our History. Teacher's Guide. A&ELibby Network, Haight O'Connell, New York, Editor NY. LouiseJessica P. Maxwell Rosenberg C:74\CN) II CrCe) PERMISSIONDISSEMINATE TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL AND HAS /This document EDUCATIONALhas RESOURCESOffice of Educational INFORMATION ResearchU.S. DEPARTMENT and Improvement OF EDUCATION CENTER (ERIC) been reproduced as C)CD BEEN GRANTED BY c /64 BEST COPY A/AMBLE CI Minor changes have been improveoriginatingmadereceived to reproduction it. from the quality.person or organization 2 1 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCESINFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) ° Points of view or opinions statedofficialdocument in this OERI do position not necessarily or policy. represent 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ShipsLESSON Across I. Time: An OvervieW 3 workedneglectedMaritimeSAVE, together historyin the classroom. tois createan important this Teachers,OUR manual, and exciting historians, providing partSHIPS andeducators-with of ourmaritiMe past, but experts materials it is oftenhave to MerchantLESSON Ships II. and the Slave Trade 8 winaowworkingWhyincorporatecase .not studytogetherthrough create the on history a slayer),tospecialwhich study of andtounitships clipper. exhmine the with and slave ships? theother thetrade?art, water Orevolutionsocial useMaritime crafts thestudies, story ofinto history steam and aof variety thescience providei power, Amistad of teachers courses. aor dramatic asthe a GLOSSARYNavigatingLESSON III.the Seas -12 plans.Youdevelopmentstandards. can Either use this way, of manualthe the China subject as anTrade, introductorymatter and can fits grab overview easily your into students' or existingas separate interest national lesson and RESOURCES 13 Thetheteaching.help presrimtion History you generate Channel's of our the maritime national spark heritage cainpaignof learning is andeclicated important that is to:historicso part intrinsic of Save preservation toOur effectiye History,. and THE HtSTORY CHANNEL. cnapirs COnnecticut,The.orhistory take History electroniceducation. 9n Channel thisfield Weencourage project, trips has via and workedthe you isInternet aand proud . yourwith to partfierthe siudentsto Mystic web of,Amisazd4merièa.sites Seaport,visit we've maritime recommended. in. Mystic, museums Refer BusinessManageyEditor BethLibby Marian, 'Haight M.Ed.O'Connell, Ph.D inforthationtu our list of that gesonrces your students to find wilbenjtry. their web sites they have a wealth of Writers JessicaLoulse Rosenberg. P. Maxwell, Ph.D. . , 2l2-551-154ffyourWe love stwients feedback respond. Please You letus can e7rnailknow how us at you [email protected], are using this material or faxand us how at BusinessCoordinatorCreatiyeGraphie DesignerSetvices Coordinator LourdesDebraScott.12nssO L. Melendez-GainezVolz Historian-En:Residence,IANy; H.O'Connell, Ph.D. The HistoryChannel W.06U BEV COPY AVAILAIBLE 3ES7 COPY AVM _ARL,7:. 4 5 America'sTO THE TEACHER maritime history provides a critical countriesand goods increasingly across vastrelied oceans on ships and for seas. trade Over and fortime, Thehoursin 1862, use without theyof iron shotever and atpiercing eachsteel other in the shipbuilding armorfor more of thethan dearlyother. two Theoverdevelopmentfoundation activitiesthe past for five inof understanding thiscenturies.the Northmanual American are the designed settlement continent to giveand war.worked Shipsovercompetedtrade carriedto theroutes, improve years, for passengers anddominance ships their battled haveships. and enemyof changed theThiscargo, seas, ships. has defended athey meantlo; As becomingconstantly countries that improvementsDuringchanged the character have continued of naval warfare. to change not only the 20th century, technological studentsAmericanships aand general their and overview changing,World history. of yetthe steady,evolution Many role of of the in activities offer for playingsamechanges,faster, ways safer, a roleships that andin today transportation, they more stilldid efficient hundredsfunction commerce Yet in of despitemany years and of war.theseago, the Viking Longship syntheticseas.whichthe nature Today, people materials, of ships navaland goodsare warfare, like constructed areglass-reinforced transported but also from the all across ways kindsplastic, thein of fiveThisscience,interdisciplinaryextended throughmanual art and eight,is directed languageinstruction, but the toward arts,lessons encompassing asstudents wellpresented as in history grades math, here opportunities onAs theBUILDINGsoon water as humans by SHIPS binding discovered together that reeds they or could logs orfloat by other,overstarted more it, withside-by-side. sophisticated a strong Thedesignhull best-known and called then caravel, laid clinker the rheY planks ships InPOWERINGmaking addition travel to SHIPS andimprovements transportation in thefaster way and that easier. ships PROJECTormay below be adjusted these OBJECTIVES target for use grade with levels. students either above confuseimportantboats.filling animal Butthe point terms none skins to 'boat" ofremember, with these and air, "ship."boats they since beganShipswere many areshipsanbuilding people larger andweretheappeared Sweden, Viking open seas.in longships.became the These 8th the century longshipsViking most inimportant longships, Denmark, were used ships which Norway, to carryof propelledmovedtheare constructed,way forward. that by ships a combinationthere Until are alsopowered, about have of1500 beenthat oars C.E.,is, bigand how advances shipssails. ships wereThe are in andofAmericanBy chronological studying will understand history, the evolution thinking students cause-and-effect of andwill ships historicaldevelop and relationships. their their analysis, role skills in over-turnedhollowedfirsttransportingin size boats, than out built moreeasily, boats,trees, as people earlybutthey and because wereasandthus 6300 cargo. not .these are B.C.E., very Forcapable "dug-outs" good the people very forof InonAmericaViking theeach late side warriorsand 15th or could sailed century, acrossbe by rowed a single,EuropeanEurope by groups square and shipbuilders of sail. to oarsmen North dhows,many.ships,EgyptiansEuropean andyears. meanwhile, Usedthis Chinesemerchant was a single, usedthe junks only shipsmoresquare andsail angularfinally sail Arabthat to was shipsadoptedsails,propel used whichcalled their forin the developedstandards:TheNATIONAL activities by STANDARDSthe thein Nationalthis National manual StandardsCenter support for theHistory for following History in the constructedwhocarryingpapyrus were passengers reeds,the boats world's which aroundor cargo.grewfirst 3400besidegreat Ancient B.C.E.shipbuilders,the Egyptians,Nile outRiver. of thanwater,stern.fairlyabandoned earlier smallItsa quality curved clinkers ship,models. that hullwith madefor Ascaused a caravds. roundeda the result, itship to The bow manysitlighter caravelhigher and European and a square in wasfaster the a developmentdifferentMiddleEuropean Ages. ships of steamBy were the employingpower in thea variety nineteenth of sails of shapes and sizes. seventeenth Even after century, the forSocial2,Schools and the StudiesSocial6-10; for grades andStudies, developed the 5-12, Strands,Curriculum Standards by the ILVILVIII, National 1-3Standards for CouncilandEras IXfor 1, Thecarryingfirstfixing first ship shipsplanks passengers hulls, appeared of cedar the and bodies woodwhen cargo. togetherofEgyptians The ships world's to capable createbegan oldest the Of acrossChristopherexplorers the fromopen Columbus, seas.the 15th century chose theonward, caravel including to sail ledExPerimentationcomponentcenntry, to the development sails of ships continued with for ofmany the clipper years.todifferent be anship, kindsimportant the fastestof sal thisvocabularyAnyVOCABULARY manual social thatIronstudies defines will unit find key involves a wordsglossary printed learning at the in end bold.new of Pyramid.Cheops,constructedsurviving who Early ship isaround isbestEgyptian a cedarknown 2509 shipsfuneral forB.C.E. buildingwere barge forlike the Pharaohthat galleys, Great was shipsshiPbuildersavailableWhen stronger new technologies began and usingmore ironanddurable. newand steel materialsDuring to make the became mid-their during the Industrial Revolution, sailingnamedships were becausevoyage.ship designed in existence, theyThe specifically could.hulls inof "clip" theclipper for mid-1800s. days speed, ships off andof were a Clipperwere typical very so ANHISTORY,LESSON OVERVIEW SCIENCE & LANGUAGE ARTS I: SHIPS ACROSS TIME: whichlarge, centerwasmeant used thatsail, literally theyand hada tolong oarsmenram ram and on SinkOn the each enemy ship's side, ships.bow, one .boatsMostwith of1800s, irontheironclads time,plates, shipbuilders giving satcreating Iciwer the began enemyships in thecovering known little water to as theirshootthan ironclads. warships otherat, possible.andnarrow,the they Cutty to wereOne cut Sark, throughofdesigned the which most the to water famoushaduse assails as much clipperel on city threesail as Ships powerpossible, mists, was as and ForINTRODUCTION centuries, ships have been used to carry people fixingoverlappedInLater onethe ship planks design, designers the together calledplanks adapted by clinkerto two create differentthe construction, aEgyptians' ship methods. hull. ideas,In they the BEr COPY.lfrierrimackWar.ironcladsarid WhenAVALABLE had and important enclosed thetwo Union's ironclads, gunships Monitot;turrets. in the These American metConfederates in featureS combat Civil made .Althoughthe hadIndustrial asails maximum continued Revolution sailing to beofspeed theimportant nineteenthof 17 knots. to ships, century fasterthewhich paddlewheels,back then Of turnedthe.ship. since propellers These they new were that engines muchwere lightermountedwere much and at did and more effieient than the earlier madeAtlanticHoverspeedengine theis crossing.the crossing brokeHoverspeed theForty .in record 3 Great yearsdays, for Britain. earlier,10 the hours, fastest In a 1990,ship andTrans- had the40 'primarilycapableSecond,important on ofWorldnuclear remainingrole Wars.in. 'submarines, the underwaterToday, First, manyand which forespecially countries months are atrely'the a Thesetheemergencenot advancesstick out fromin of the greatpassenger the steam sides engine of the liners madeship. in possiblethe late 19th MODERNhours,minutes; and the 54 Hoverspeed minutes. made this trip in 3 days, 7 HIPS naiialmadewithouttime and warfaresubmarines surfacing. of firing than an before.long-range Theseeven more improvements nuclearimportant missiles part have of preferredOptionandcentury they method until remainedPassenger the of appearance travel the liners fastestacross of quickly the andaffordable Atlantic most became comfortable air Ocean, traiel the in 'advanceswater,constructionSubmarines, are another which and example ship can travelpropulsion. of on the and amazing belowThe first the that have been made in ship alsocontinueShips, still such playto be aas criticalcrucial submarines, roleto naval in shipping warfare, have cargo.been but shipsandOne passengerthesurroundings.dinners,first-clais 1960s. liners, and passengersBy parties, knownEventhe third allasa dizzying inluxury class elaborately accomniodations,liners, array offeredofdecorated dances, 1930s, really luxurious airtightpropelledframes;Submarines, were holes. by builtcovered oari Since inthat the by stuck thatearlygreased time, out1600s, leather, through remarkable had and wooden small, were hasoilbyof theship hasled most becometotoday the important constructionis socnide great oiLcommodities around Inof thefact, thelargest thedernand world transported ship that ever for it poweredbeganbrought relying hugeships changesrequiredon steam,, 'someoneto insteadship- propulsion.. to of feed sails. coal Steam- intoShips a Cfipper sbip or steerage, often offered its passengers a step-up becylinders,design.improvements filled Submarine with are airsurrounded ,have or water.hnils, been by which(Think made outer are ofinrings ashapedsubmarine doughnut, that canlike whilepassengers,tenthscompletelybuiltthe only of supertanker. aone-ninth supertanker and devoted control Theto ismoins. carryingused supertanker Thefor storageJabrecargo; is Viking,almost tanks,nine- is used for engines, ship'ssteamboatssteamboiler, side, towhich turn called relied heated huge paddlewheth, on cylinder-engines..waterhuge wheels and which produce& mounted were Theturned enough on first theby calledThiswithopenedhull, outerthe ballast and hole toring the tanks,let in, actuallyactualwater the that middle indoughnut have whenis split ventsa.s the intotheas submarinewhich the submarine two outer canparts, bering.)needs 565,000feetthe world's long, tons! 226 largest feet supertanker,wide, and weighs measures more 1,591 than earlyslowingverythese heavypaddlewheelgiant ships cylinders. and down. cumbersome, steamships One Paddlewheels, of the was mostand the often famoushowever, Great ended Eastern, of werethese up Queen Mary Whenunderwater,to the submarine its ballast is tanks coming are filled back with to thewater.submerge. When the submarine is instead.shore,Supertankershuge,Because they So supertankersHere, theyare sit very dOcksupertankers too 'difficult low atlike deep-water in the the to Jahrecan steerWater hook Viking andanchorages, to cometoup dock.are to: toso a timecollidedsankhaVefrom welt their offheard with the equallytYpical of coastan the iceberg. famous.living Titanic, of Newfoundland conditions. ButEngland's the other famous Many ships,Queen shipwhen people of Mary that the it anispipeline Very oil:accident spill risky and in occurs. pumpand1989, Can theirit When leaked destroy oil the to 11 shore.theExxon million environMent This Valdez gallons process had of'if Maryknownandmaking France's meesured luxury it theNormandie 1,017liners biggest feet of shipthe longwere 1930s.ever and two built118 ofThe feettheat Queenthat wide,best- time. beeninthemiles'ofOil Madespite needinto Ofin coastline.Thisforthe shipthe. evenwater, designtremendons, safer polluting over disasterarid themore advances pastmorehas efficient demonstratedcenturies. thin that 1,000 ships,have Paddlewheelsbuilt ,by a British eventually engineer were ,and rePlaced launched by a in'riew 1858.. kind Steamboat underanreplaCedIn theoctopus, greatlate by 20th pressUrewatirjets,drawing century, throughWhichwater turbine infunction Pipes an engineidriving at alrnost the itship'swere likeout water'sWhencOmpresSed surface, the submarine' .the, air forces topis floating-on ventsthe water art theout, shut Water, of andthe' thetanks. Srthmarine the EircrlCONtt,USIONfirst recorded though shipi ships put have to sea changed sorne 5,090 a lot years since TurbinesOf steam-powered pushed steam engine against called thousands a turbine of engine.blades, 8 BEST C PI( AVALABLE traveLstem. One This modern new engine ship thathas' %tiesMade afor Water-jet even, faster EM11:1- ItVents was are this closed, Idnd" and of thesubmarine tanItS are' that filled played with air.an BES- COPY AVAILABLE .agn, theyvital continue functitms to forperforMMany human civilizations of the sarne that they 9 roles,nations.always defending have.They stilltradeShips carry routes still people play and important acrossbattling vast enemy military oceans, shipconstructionFindthe Spanish thatout asyou manycaravel, haveand details itschosen or uses. the as toOaddlewheel youDraw study can aand aboutpicture then steamship. the present of ship's the aimportantshipbuildinghistorical class project, ships eras technology. extendingof and each show type. Draw a blank (Youthe pictures progressiontimeline could of dothe, around this most ofas cycleclearfortaken rum that toand andthe slavery that Westmolasses. the wasIndies, slave a Whatever crucial where trade component they wasthe route,were extremely tradedofit wasthiz luxuriousheaviesttravel,peopleand they shipsdepend. cargoessiill accommodations continuecarry Even and cargo inoffer to the transportupon passengers age for ofwhich long-distance space the theso world's and many most air withprintshavethe construction-paper drawing presented on the inwalls class. their of thedrawings,Afterbacking classroom. all andof 'frame" your display classmates the the prints studentsthe walls work of your on differentclassroom, ships and or having timeSample periods.) different Timeline globalTheprofitable use tradhig of forWest many patferns, Indian participants. sugar for andexample, molasses was in made these QUESTIONSnationaltravel. Ships heritage certainly for years will to remain come. central to our betweenout2. As more a classroom the about Merrimack theor homework famous and the Civil assignment, Monitor. War Whenbattle find 30008501501180 B.C.E. C.E. B.C.& VikingRomanEgyptian LongshipMerchant WarReed Galley Boat Ship distillersmolasses,Caribbeanpossible toby whichmake slave rum, then labor. which was Black used was slaves exchangedby American for raised and processed sugar in the into fromWhat1. Explain later made ships? the the difference Egyptians' between first boats anddifferent ships. orthisindid thewith thisbattle overall battlea partner, help takepicture change createplace? ofnaval atheWhat poster-board warfare?Civil was War? its Individuallysignificance exhibit How did on 1490185918021570-1620 IroncladsFirstGalleonSpanish Working (leadingCaravel Steamship warship) exchangedgrewsuchmore most enslavedas cottonby of American the Africans. cloth cotton, and merchants In Englishrice,addition, and formanufactured African tobacco imports slaves caravel3.society?What2. DescribeWhat does is its thethe function world'sdifference telloldest betweenyou survivingabout clinker Egyptian ship? and ships. Why did early explorers like 3.significancethis Ships battle always and of thesethis have naval famous beenengagement. ships, more illustrating than merely the 192319061897 DreadnoughtFirstFirst Ship Aircraft withTurbine enterCarriers Engines service boughtenterprisegoods.traded Theand goods forsoldslave merchants, slaves, produced trade butbecame alsobynot slaves. forjusta hugely all for Chiefsof those thoseprofitable along who the Christopher Columbui prefer caravels for long- . functionaL They often carry tremendous emotional 1920s-1930s. Luxury Liners, like the African coast kidnapped members of rival tribes changeson4.distance What ship travel?affectedeffectdesign? did modern How the Industrial do warfare you think onRevolution the thatocean? these have significanceexplainthetradition name how offor of naming people,oneand shipwhy and as andisitchristening gotevident write its name. ina ships. briefthe age-oldBe Researchessay sure to LESSON II: MERCHANT SHIPS1980s1960s SupertankerGuided-MissileQueen Warship Mary (1934) goodsplantationearnedand sold produced their them owners, livelihoodsfor by western slave and labor.in goods. by turn, selling Northern Yankeemarketing goods farmers traders the to 6.werewouldoars5. WhyEven andthe clipperdo thoughfastest sails you think shipsforsailing steamships power? thathave ships early had, What inwere shipsexistence? even disadvantagesevidence relied though on ofboththey an examplewritten4.explain A number theabout and significance choose ofships famous or a ofpassageabout theAmerican name. life from at writerssea. the novelFind have an or TheHISTORYAND development THE ANDSLAVE ofGEOGRAPHY ships TRADE brought with, it the participatedwords,ofand these fishermen, goods in and in to addition, profited plantation fromprofited owners. the slavefrom In thetrade. other sale many different groups of people they7.ofimportant still Describethese had problems. certain technological the evolution shortcomings. advancefrom steam Describe in shipto turbine some design, to evokes.studentsmightpoem (or recite Or tosong) write Comment the that outpdssage depicts the on passage to*hat the the power images onclass, parchment of asking thethe passagesea. paperother You (andtrade,"thrivingcountries.expansion later developed trade, theInof AmericamerchantUnited often between States), duringreferred shipping the the theAmerican toWestamong 18th as 'triangular Indies,century, different colonies the a creatingsettlersslaveAmericasDutch, traders, French,in a openedtheseviable especially and colonies agricultural tremendous English as would itcolonization becamework new not marketsforce succeed clear of from that thefor in water-jettoday?S. Why engines. are supertankers so vital to human society . (Someillustratedand illustrate examples works the toand getlyrics create you orstarted a words.classroom are: MountRobert art exhibit. Louisyour trade"coast of did Africa, not really and referthe British to a specific Isles. "Triangulartrade route, indenturednative inhabitants servants. of the Slavery land or in from the Americas, European ships9. WhatEXTENDED in navaladyantages warfare? ACTIVITIES do submarines have over other Dick,Stevenson's5.Rudyard ErnestCreate Kipling's Treat=Hemingway's an illustrated Idamb, Captains The Herman timeline Counzgeous.) Old Man Melville's of andships, the Moby starting Sea; theyEnglandtradebut there wereestablished. were traded twoshipped forIn basic one sugar; to scenaiio,patterns the the West sugar, Orgoods Indies, "triangles" in fromturn, where Newwas of staple-cropshortagethen, emerged. that agriculture. arose expressly as a result to ofmeet the thespread labor of I.forSee Do web our additional siteResources and print research section sources onat forthe the additionalend Viking of this longship, research. manual Identifysupertankerthewith Pharaoh the earliest the (see Cheops known suggested ship, and the endingtimeline funeral with below).barge the of ships associated with different wereEnglandmanufacturedtransported traded goods forto wereEngland, goods.slaves, shipped Inand whereanother then to Africa, itthese wasscenario, slaves wheretraded Newwerethey for enslavedfromcameMost offromthe the SenegalAfricans, the slaves region Riverthat the in fed West Walethrough the Africa Atlantic Passage, the that Congo. slave extendedthe tradesea- For 1 0 BES COPY AVAUBLE IBES COPY WHALE 11 voyage across the Atlantic, was undeniably horrific. LESSON III: NAVIGATING THE SEAS tofreshbelowThe control enslaved air deck and under water.where passengers such Sickness they unhealthy werehad and littleshackled disease conditions, or no wasand access difficultstowed and to Amistadenoughandattempt missionary money escapeback to to by their organizationssend any homes the means. 35 in survivors SierraIn 1842, Leone. from private the helped raise theHavana,Orleans, means,Royal),toast of Cuba;Louisiana; determine Africa.Jamaica.. and In each theKingston UsingRio distance case, De an for Janeiro,atlas (formerly ofwhat each or distances someBrazil; 'port Port otherfrom by EarlySCIENCE,celestial ship captainsnavigation, HISTORY determined meaning their ships'that theycourses a TECHNOLOGY survivedmany Africans die trip died were during sold the into trip. slavery, Most slaves and there who beencolonies,wayBy this ofoutlawed. time,supplying sinee ships theOther slaves hadinternational countries,ceased to the to North slavebelike an Biazil Americantradeimportant hadand 2.perilousdid Learn the inslaved.conditions more about Africansof the the Middle individuals have Passage? to endure involved the navigationqdadrant,this,andmeasured they the used dependedship and the instrumentsto anglelater figure upon between out knowing likewhere the the sun, theyexactly astrolabe moon were. where or Toor stars do the sextant. Celestial profitabilitytofromCuba, Africa however, offor slavery, continuedmany years. by to making importShips sure alsoslaves thatcontinued illegallyplay goods a crucial role in maintaining the Writestarted).(seein the our acontroversy shortResources Pretend newspaper that sectionover you thearticle forare Amistad ideasa onreporter one to mutinyget of and youthe ainformationplanets bookin the called would sky was thethe publishedbe Nauticalsun, seen the fromAlmanac.moon, every day yearand to certainafter day. 1766 starsThis in and muchended,bemarket.produced intertwined of and Ships the by enslaved laborslave and long slavery, upon*labor afterAfricans which the couldtherefore, legalcontinued the be slave Atlantictransported continued to trade provide world had to becauseship'swellThis methodfor distance determining all thatof celestial north a ship a orship's navigationcaptain south latitude, of had workedthe to that equator, do isfairly was the Replica of the schooner Amisted 1.QUESTIONSdepended prior to 1860.What is "triangular trade"? Draw a diagram to shipcalculatingabovemeasure is. the Measuring thehorizon. longitude, height It longitudeofwas that the of is sun littlehow dependedor help,far the east Northhoweve; or upon west Star in aa Thiswasenslavedthis little well-known future. that Africans capturedOn a rarerebellion aboard Africansoccasion,however, the occurred couldAmistad do whenrebelled.into Julyescape 521839, keeping3.sustaining2.illustrate WhatWho the wererolethis. °triangular Atlantic did some slavery slave oftrade'? the andtrade parties slave going? laborinvolved Is this play web inin Pocket watch werehissailor's 18thlocal .not ability centurytime.The very togood docks, make problem at which'tellingan exactwas weretime that determination atpendulummost sea 17thbecause clocks,and of transportedthepurchasednewly arrived alongin Cubain thaf African country's violation slaves, coastline. of whothe ban hadLed on bybeen international slave tradewere being horrific4.of WhatwasparticipantsExplain. for slaves? the bigger "Middle or smaller Passage"? than Whyyou expected? was it so orinpeople theher subsequentrole involved, in the eitherevents. court inbattle, the mutiny explaining itself his or bywasandthe 15 motionsofftemperature nautical by only of miles! 1the minute,threw ship themand a ship changes off. could Even bein offhumidityif a course dock Josephmonthsonand whith Cingiie,took at theycontrol sea, the were as slaves ofthe beingthe Africans pried Atnittad, transported. open tried theirthe to cargo Afterchainsfind theirship two mutiny.6.agriculture5. DescribeExplain Why and the do theeventsdmnection you expansion thinkassociated between that of slavery. thiswith .staple-crOpwas the Amistadsuch an betweenresearthothersslave3. The trade 'Atlanticin the important inAtlantic history, slave slaveways. trade but trade it was'Do differed notandadditional the slavery from first to learn about the differences getwatchbetweentimepieceWhatIt Was an accuratenot Until 1731 reading Johnturned Harrisonand ofMit 1759 time to perfected atbethat sea. a asmall sailorIn a 1714,seagoing pocket could the shiplegal.Connecticut,Americanway backwere Cinque totharged ship Africa, aand state and the With the in othertaken whichship mutiny Africans wasto slavery New andcaptured broughtaboard London, was by still the anto perpetuatingexplo'siveinternational7 . What issue roleslavery, when slave did ittrade? occurred? evenships after continue the end to of play the in Africa).include(examplesfrom an MakecarrierAncient. of a other timechart China, period slavecomparing Egypt, ofsocieties your the Athens choosing different might or solvedlongitudeanyoneBritish the whoParliament atprOblern. sea,could and solve Harrison'shad Harrison, announcedthe problem dock, a carpenter's known a of prize finding as son, H4,for trialruled inillegallyto tJ.S. thein court.1841 U.S. imported thatTheirSupreme since case from Court,thernade Africa,Africans it. where all theythe hadthe Way were justicesbeen the regionsslave1.t 'tram Qn of trade. aWest map Also Africa of markthe that world, the supplied following mark the thetrading Atlantic primary ports Act"!tilea timedifl'ertncesclass.Ways periods., Diseusiin Which existed. and with slave's present your were clabsmates your traded findings inwhy?' these thesein two becauseBoardamazingfromlost only Britain of they feat, fiveLongitude towere secondsbut Jamaica itskeptical took io during in givemany 1761-1762.This of Harrisonahis yearssix-week invention. for his Britain's voyage was prize an victims of kidnapping and thus had the right to 12 BEST COPY AVAILABLE in the Americas: Charleston, South Carolina; New 1:111111111:1- MS COPY AVAILABLE 13 recognizeAlthough Harrison's the British achievement, Parliament the was effects slow of his to 1.EXTENDED Conduct additional ACTIVITIES research on one of the early accommodationslodging,GLOSSARY food and services orofthelongitudemeasurement in hours,Prime minutesMeridian; and measured secondsof location either east in ordegrees west theydevices,dependinvention came andmore were to by be and feltthe called, 17thmoreimmediately. werecentury, on suchstandard chronometers,Sailors time-keeping equipment began asto of2.Explaintools Calculateleading of how, navigation maritime the when, longitude and citiesmentioned by and aroundwhom latitude init the wasthe ofworld. used.reading.a number Plot astrolabesmallanchorageplaceprovidedmeasureangularsharp-cornered; the position whereinstrument shipsof the having anchorsun,that theanwas anglemoon, used and to the theMiddlesupportsmastlong collapse Agesperiodthe pole sails of rising Roman fiomin European civilization the deck historyof ina ship the from that5th developExplorationbetterdeterminingon most that handships. they andintheir The hand. got navigation positionsbetter at making that onshipthus thedetailed captainscontinued oceans, maps. got the toat 3.fromthese Old eachcities maps other. on provide a world a map, wealth showing of information, their distances both orcargogoodsbowpointed,stars other before vehicle theor front merchandiseinvention end of of a thetransportedship sextant in a ship journeytheMiddlecentury Americas across C.E.Passageterm the to theAtlantic Renaissance for Ocean an enslaved from Africa person's to navigationmoreTechnological precise, more but advances critical. they also Modern have have made navigation made navigation accurate is not throughpoliticalcertainabout the point aclimate collectionextent in of timeof a geographicalof country andold maps,about or civilization. or. knowledgethe reference social Look theand at a timechronometertimepiecestarscelestialrelating veryare celestial accurately bodiesto the sky-,that isthe designed sun, moon, to keep and navigationsciencenauficalhavingauthority,mutinyresistance especially to door onof withrevolt adirecting ship ships against or a shipnavigation established or other . toorderjust minimize about for ships staying fuel to avoidonusage, course, collision and it to also meet with is necessary otherestablished ships, in http://1cweb2.1oc.govhnimem/gmatm1/grndhornc.htmlhttp://www.library.yalc.eduThlapCollionline.htmlhttp://www.iag.net/-jsieboldfcarto.htmlfollowing web sites: reducedcompressedundercommodityeconomic in size or volume great good pressure, used for trade so as or to sale be who joi ned the reactionnuclearpowereddistancecraft by intraveled determining an atom's nucleusby its a position, course, and nuclear reactiona navigationsatelliteselectronicschedules. to devices,has determineToday, been liketransformedships their radar, rely positions. computers,on by a advances variety Although and ofin findingsConsidersociety in what class.or era each in maphistory, tells and you then about discuss a certain your Confederatesomeonecumhersomehardcruderaw,separatedConfederate from unprocessed the to Unionhandle inbecause the U.S. of sizeCivil or War weight States of America when they pendulumobjectPrimepreciseexactlyfreely, backMeridianindicates and that forth,or is sharply suspended under 00 defmedthe longitude; farceso that of itgravity swingsimaginary problemtheelectronicshundreds precise of andlongitude. measurementof yearsspace agoscience, during of it timejust stillthe questdepends asto itsolve upon did the galleylong,enterpriseactivityanddhowArab slanting, sailing lowtriangular ship, that ship, propelledsails is witheconomic one mainly or in two nature by masts oars, referenceandthroughnorth-south South Greenwich, line Poles; line for onthe established Englandthe measurement Earth's and insurface connects 1884, of longitude that this the passes Northis andthe 1.QUESTIONS How did celestial navigation work? What kinds IndustrialhullbodyMediterraneanthat was used or shell forSea war of a and ship trade especially in the Revolutionchange from an quadrantinstrumentpropeltoprofitablegeneratingthe basis for drive the world'sforward positiveused standard or onwardto resultsmeasure time zone or altitude;returnssystem 3.captain2.direction-findingof Why Whypioblems towas was know knowing (and might a unreliable? ship's is) the haveit latitude localso important made time and so thislongitude? important for form a ship ofto history,dominatedagricultural,century this byand process machine-driven spread began to other in England industry;parts of inthe in the modernworld 18th hand-work economy to one sextanttriangular-shapedusedramaustially to heavy hasram a or beam90° pierce aic at anthe enemy bow instrument, of ship a warship whose that is 4. Who5.a ship Why was captain hasJohn precise Harrison? trying navigation to Whatdetermine did become he longitude? accomplish? even more junkancientknotmeasurementstem; carries Chinese up to fivemasts sailingof a ship's vesseland speed;is stillwith in.use originally a high today baseheavenlythea sailoris anglean arcdetermined body between marked he was withthehis using horizonposition a scale to navigatethe ofandby degrees; measuring whatever sun, - determine6.Whatcrucial to kinds ship their captains ofposition? devices today? do ships Use today to latitudemeasurementnautical'numberthe,calculated rope ofmile, frombyknots tyingor a6,076that ship's knots run feet stemout;in on peta rope,1 ahourand knotglobe thencounting is equal orstreaming map, to the 1 and/orstaple-cropcropskeptical--doubtfulmoon, inor largestars quantities thator suspicious is produced of regularly 4 BES- COPY AVALABLE 11:11111131 measuredindicating in location degrees north or south of the equator, BEST COPY AVALABLE payingsteerage the lowest fare section in a ship for passengers who are 1 5 submergetosternback or goafter or partput underof a vessel water resources for teachers. BOOKS & Liclde, 1996). Introduces young readers to a gunsoftenturretsmall,syntheticproduced thatrevolves are enclosed mounted and artificially; is armored;structure within not it used onnaturally a towarship protect occuning that the http://www.ironclads.combattleA great between site with the pictures Merrimack and and descriptions the Monitor. of the Biesty'sainsideKindersley,Biesty, different:layer Cross-Sections: an Stephen18th-century 1993). of theand Presents warship;Man-of-War. Richard ship. depicting a detailed Each Platt. (Dimlingpageactivities look, Stephen reVeals deep and sbeginningimageetchedvariety of onof awith wonderfulaRussian clay an tablet, ancientvolcano. attempts and Babylonian ending to map with our map aworld, radar Unionnamevitalnecessaryviablecapableduring the forU.S. ofthe toCivil working, keeping states War that somethinggrowing did not or alive developingsecede CivilLearnintp://www.civilwarhorne.cornThavalwanhnn War. about the little discussed Navy's rOle in the ' peopleTheCulver, onBook the Henry ofship Old in B., Ships:cut-away Gordon From illustrations. GrantEgyptian (Illustrator). Galleys to MississippiphotosPaddlewheelTassin, tracingMyron. River, Palaces. the Ed. a history historyTbe Includes Delta of steamboatingthean Queen: essayDelta andQueen,Last vintage oncf andthe ARTICLES/0150/01667840_A.htrnlhttp://www.comptons.com/encyclopedia/WaalR Esou Sties RC E http://wwwl.minn.ried-keithp/inde;.htmnavigation,award-winningGo to the Columbus and landfall site Navigationdedicated of Christopher to Homepage, the Columbus. history, an withhistory'sIncludesClipper an mostEgyptian 80 Ships. incredible important (Dover galley Pictorialsailing and ships, endingArchive: beginning with1992). a line illustrations of Woodman,Timesa diary Jazz account Cruise" Richard. by held'one Tbe in passenger the History fall of of of1972. thethe "Good Ship. hrtp://www.nrnm.ac.uk/e4ucation/fact_ships.htmlfromA comprehensive Comptons Encyclopedia. history of ships ,ancl shipping collectionBrookhttp://www.whom.co.uk/equelch/bbships.htm Bond of historical tea present§ ships picturethe Saga cards. of Ships, a whichTellsLongitude.House,clipper the precipitatedship story (Philip built of in theWilson 1921. the finding founding Publishers, of longitude of Ltd., the 1997).Royalat sea, Derek. Greenwich Time and the seafaringconciseConway's(Conway edition from Maritime12-volume, the provides earliest Press, History a timescomprehensive 1997). to of the the Inspired present Ship, story day.this by of MaritimeA concise Museum history of ships from the National shipsThishtip://www.Sciam.com/1998/0298issue/0298halelitml ScientificAmerican packed with warriors article helped explains to make how long,the Vikings narrow Humble,Observatory Richard. at Greenwich, Timelines:Ships, over 300 Sailorsyears ago. and the YoungerNOTE readers may fmd the Eyewitness Readers 111 fromBoatSafeKidshttp://www.boatsafe,com/kids/navigation.htm 3500 B.C.E. offers up ato great the 20th history century. of navigation welcome.htm#13Lhthe ttp://www.globali dominant power nd in ex. Europe com /cl for i p three p eis/ centuries. seu m/ fromshipsFeaturesSea. (Franklin theand earliest aa thoroughbrief Watts, knownhistory overview Grolier shipsof those to Publishing:of thewho the most sailedevolution modern, 1996). them, of on Pirates and the Titanic helpful resources. photosandBritannicaCheekhttp://titanic.eb.com/ its andout Online.a wonderfulspecial Learn exhibit narrative. all abouton the the Titanic luxury from linet ill-fated passengers through fabulous http://www.oilspill.state.ak.us/tliesehistoryVisit thespeedy'ships of Clipper the clipper Ship had Museum onship their and time. to the learn impact about that the (Barnesmultihulled & Noble ferries. Book.% 1995). Provides a well- . Ships: A Stunning Vuual History of Ships'. passengeiLearnhttlx//www.uncommotourneyszorn/pageskireenrnryhtin about steam the turbinefamous liner Qiieen built Mary, in 1936. the luxury informationTheactivities.information Exxon Valdez aboutGet about the Oil the basics Spillongoing impacts Trustee under restoration of Historical.Info. Councilthe oil spill,and Providee research and Lyons[Constant;warshipsillustiated Press: to AnguS.hi§tory high-speed 1999). Theof Visit ship Histoiyofferries. sunken design, Sbipwre,cks.Roman from warships,Egyptian (The The ,Itoyallongitudelongprob.html.http://www.rog.nm Observatory's problein and onliirem John.ac.uklmuseu exhibit 'Harrison's' about m eighteenth-' the arri son/ hap://www.mysticseaport.orgabouttheVisit fascinating theAmerica's Mystic history MaritimeSeaport of aMuseum. past.shipbuilding to learn town about and luxurySpanish liners, galleons, in full colonial color atvessels the botromiOf and 20th Centurythe sea! . Pirates:.1660-1730. (Obsprey. Publishing, -.centuryVisithttpi/www.amistadaxtierica.ot solution, Amiswd the Seagoing America's. tirnepiece Online knOwn exploration as H4. of the. .historic'Findhttp://www.seahiStoryorg shipsout rnore arid abouthoW'to current get inVolved efforts to through preserve the our LacOastlineWaters Ltd.:Pierre, of1.998). .464 the.,Caribbean Yvette, the Portrays golden Islaney 'those ageand of 'Koberpiratesof piracy the :Americanwho.sailed (Editor); the AMistad mutiny of 1839-1842. Offers valuable 6 BEST COPY AVAILABLE National Maritime Historicaf SoCieti 1113111111:11U- Mapping a Changing World,: (ThoMaison-Grant BEST COPY AVAILABLE 1 7 J C.. .a. - J. ....C.! -- J NJOiJJ. 10 r rst_oi L:us. 1 u_

U.S. partmentof E ucelion Office of Educational Research and Improvement(OERI) IC National Librafy of Education (NLE) Educational Resources InformatIon Center(ERIC) REPRODUCTION RELEASE (Blanket) I. DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION(Class of Documents);

All Publications: Dux His iciry

Series (Identify Series): Publication Date: Division/Department Publications (Specify):

Ffq- onUctworks

H.REPRODUCTION RELEASE: possible timely and significant materials or interest to meeducational community, documents announced in me In order to disseminate as widelyas in microfiche, reproduced paper copy. monthly abstract journal of the ERIC system, Resources inEducation (RIE), are usually made available to users Credit is given to the source of each document, and,if and electronic media, and sold through theERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). reproduction release is granted. one of the following notices isaffixed to each document. following three options and sign at the If permission Is granted to reproduce and disseminate theidentified documents. please CHECK ONE of the bottom of the page.

The sample sOcker show below will be The Seenple Ocker shown below wilt be The sample sedcer shown below will bo Waxed to di Leval 213 documents eared to arl Levell documems erased to el Leve 2A documents PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND MATERIAL IN PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND --ERmiSSiON TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE MICROFICHE. AND IN ELECTRONIC MEDIA DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL IN DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS MICROFICHE ONLY HAS BEEN GRANTED BY SEEN GRANTED BY FOR ERIC COLLECTION SUBSCRIBERS ONLY. HAS BEEN GRANTED BY \e Net se. Se°ccc

TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES TO TI-IE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 2A 28 Levet 28 Level 1 Level 2A t

Check here for Level ZB release, permitdnii Check here for Level 2A release, perrogring reproduceon Checkhero for Level 1 roleaso. perMitting nneeduction reproduction and aisserelnaqon In microfiche only end dIsserninadon In rnlaollche or other ERIC =hive' end dlasernInadon In microfiche and In elector* media media (e.g., e'ectronic)end met *Vs,. for ERIC archival collection subscribers only

Documents Mil be processed ea IndicatedprvAdedreproduction quality permits. permisaion to reproduce if granted, but no box is Marled, woman% will beprocessed et LevelI.

permission to repmaucs end oissernirrate thesedocuments !hereby grant to the Educa Sone! Resourms Infa7netion Center (ERIC) nonexclusive miaofiche er electronic mecUa by persons other thenERIC employees end its system as indicated above. Reproduction from the ERIC other service agencies contractors requires permission from the copyright holder. Exceptionis made for non-prohl reproduction by libraries and to sails& information needs of educators in responseto discrete inquiries. if-; b bl,,nrrp, iCome( Milled Narne/Pos Sign s . , i7o-ttue-s, here,-) VP gdc..tca.4)0Yaej-ii i oteprooine: FAX: please organkstionrAdo C A;al0 -140%) Ai3,-561- I SY v E-Mail Address: Dee: ?3c-e.L15,-- St- Nie.44)(-forK,, , 14(4 (nor a-A----ot NI DOC NE T B0LOTY r.,%7 FTION FROM t$O 1JERC S URGE):

If permission to reproduco is not grunted to ERIC, or, If you with ERIC to eitethe avails:Nib, of the document from another source. please provide the following information regarding the availability ofthe document. (ERIC win not announce a document unless itis publicly significantly more available, end a dependable source can be specified. Contributors shouldalso be aware that ERIC selection criteria are stringent for documents that cannot be made available through EDRS.)

Publisher/Distributor f4 -rat vi5i6 x) Aitw. Commi-utifzi iiktarKdiri Address: (9,36 aolori 1N9 oo17

Price:

IV. REFERRAL OF ERIC TO COPYRIGHTIREPRODUCTIONRIGHTS HOLDER:

If the right to grant this reproduction release is held by someone other than the addressee,please provide the appropriate name and address:

Name:

Address:

V. WHERE TO SEND THIS FORM:

Send this form to the following ERIC Clearinghouse: ERIC/CHESS 2805 E. Tenth Street, #120. Bloomington, IN 47408

However, if solicited by the ERIC Facility, or if making an unsolicited contribution toERIC, return this form (and the document being contributed) to: ERIC Processing and ReferenceFacility. 1100 WestStreet, 2"4 Flor Laurel, Maryland 207074598

Telephone: 301-4974080 Toll Free: 800-7994742 FAX: 301-965-0263 c-mail: [email protected] WWW: http://eriefec.plccard.cse.cern