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Pdf Files/WHA58-REC1/ English/Resolutions.Pdf More Restrictive Than Necessary to Achieve the Desired Level 2 A Peer-Reviewed Journal Tracking and Analyzing Disease Trends pages 1051–1184 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF D. Peter Drotman EDITORIAL STAFF EDITORIAL BOARD Founding Editor Dennis Alexander, Addlestone Surrey, United Kingdom Joseph E. McDade, Rome, Georgia, USA Michael Apicella, Iowa City, Iowa, USA Managing Senior Editor Paul Arguin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Barry J. Beaty, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Polyxeni Potter, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Martin J. Blaser, New York, New York, USA Associate Editors David Brandling-Bennet, Washington, D.C., USA Charles Ben Beard, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Donald S. Burke, Baltimore, Maryland, USA David Bell, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Arturo Casadevall, New York, New York, USA Jay C. Butler, Anchorage, Alaska, USA Kenneth C. Castro, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Charles H. Calisher, Ft. 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Persing, Seattle, Washington, USA Susanne Justice Richard Platt, Boston, Massachusetts, USA www.cdc.gov/eid Mario Raviglione, Geneva, Switzerland Leslie Real, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Emerging Infectious Diseases David Relman, Palo Alto, California, USA Emerging Infectious Diseases is published monthly by the Nancy Rosenstein, Atlanta, Georgia, USA National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Connie Schmaljohn, Frederick, Maryland, USA Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop D61, Tom Schwan, Hamilton, Montana, USA Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. Telephone 404-639-1960, Ira Schwartz, Valhalla, New York, USA fax 404-639-1954, email [email protected]. Tom Shinnick, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Bonnie Smoak, Bethesda, Maryland, USA The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Centers for Disease Rosemary Soave, New York, New York, USA Control and Prevention or the institutions with which the authors P. 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Wilson, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA the requirements of ANSI/NISO 239.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper) Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 12, No. 7, July 2006 July 2006 On the Cover Migratory Birds as Reservoirs Alfons Mucha (1860–1939). Zodiac (1896). of Lyme Borreliosis . .1087 Color lithograph (46 cm × 35 cm) P. Comstedt et al. Copyright 2006 Mucha Trust/ Birds host vector ticks and diverse Borrelia species ADAGP, Paris/ARS, New York, USA and vary in effectiveness as reservoirs. Photo, The Bridgeman Art Library, New York , USA Triatoma infestans Reinfestation, Argentina . .1096 About the Cover p. 1182 M.C. Cecere et al. Treating all communities within 1,500 m of a target community may reduce reinfestation risk. Rickettsia sibirica Isolation, Portugal . .1103 R. de Sousa et al. First R. sibirica–related strain is detected. Perspectives Orientia tsutsugamushi in Eschars . .1109 Infectious Determinants Y.-X. Liu et al. of Chronic Diseases . .1051 Eschars can be used for genetic characterization S.M. O’Connor et al. during convalescent phase. Infectious agents, often through complex systems, likely determine more chronic diseases than is Human Tularemia, currently appreciated. United States, 1964–2004 . .1113 J. E. Staples et al. Surveillance under International p. 1111 Distinct subpopulations of Francisella tularensis Health Regulations . .1058 differ in their clinical manifestations, geographic M.G. Baker and D.P. Fidler distribution, and likely modes of transmission. IHR 2005 establishes a global surveillance system for public health emergencies of international concern. Dispatches 1119 Smallpox during Pregnancy and Research Maternal Outcomes Neisseria meningitidis and H. Nishiura Risk for Death, Iceland . .1066 1122 Japanese Spotted Fever, M. Gottfreðsson et al. South Korea Age and infection with unique sequence type were p. 1122 M.-H. Chung et al. associated with risk for death. 1125 Transmission of New Bovine Prion Tickborne Arbovirus to Mice Surveillance, Kenya . .1074 T.G.M. Baron et al. R. Sang et al. 1129 Follow-up of Human West Nile Numerous tickborne viruses, including Dhori virus Virus Infections, Colorado and foot-and-mouth disease virus, were isolated. J.L. Patnaik et al. Rodent-associated 1132 Triple Reassortant H3N2 Bartonella Illness . .1081 Influenza A Viruses J. Iralu et al. C.W. Olsen et al. Patients showed seroconversion to rodent- 1136 Tickborne Encephalitis Virus, associated Bartonella antigens, but not to Norway and Denmark Bartonella pathogenic for humans. T. Skarpaas et al. Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 12, No. 7, July 2006 1139 Detection of Infectious Poxvirus Particles A. Nitsche et al. July 2006 1142 European Bat Lyssavirus Type 2 1167 H5N1 Influenza Virus, Domestic N. Johnson et al. Birds, Western Siberia 1145 Replicon Typing of Plasmids A. Carattoli et al. 1169 Leishmaniasis among Gold Miners, French Guiana 1149 Azithromycin Failure in Mycoplasma genitalium Urethritis 1170 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Drug C.S. Bradshaw et al. Resistance, Ghana 1153 Leptospirosis in Squirrels 1172 Avian Influenza Risk Imported to Japan Communication, Thailand T. Masuzawa et al. 1174 Panton-Valentine Leukocidin 1156 Tuberculosis in Marijuana Users, Genes in Staphylococcus aureus Seattle 1175 Small Anellovirus in Hepatitis C J.E. Oeltmann et al. Patients and Healthy Controls p. 1127 1177 Lyme Borreliosis and Borrelia Commentary spielmanii 1160 60 Years of Progress—CDC and 1178 Feral Cats and Risk for Nipah Infectious Diseases Virus Transmission T. Popovic and D.E. Snider, Jr. Books & Media Letters p. 1161 1180 Gastroenteritis at a University in 1162 Influenzalike Illness among Texas: An Epidemiologic Case Homeless Persons Study 1163 Human West Nile Virus Infection, 1180 Antimicrobial Resistance in Catalonia, Spain Bacteria of Animal Origin 1164 Shigellosis and Cryptosporidiosis, Baltimore, Maryland News & Notes 1165 Human Hantavirus Infection, Brazilian Amazon About the Cover 1182 Fine Art and Good Health for the Masses Full text free online at www.cdc.gov/eid The print journal is available at no charge to public health professionals YES, I would like to receive Emerging Infectious Diseases. Please print your name and business address in the box and return by fax to 404-639-1954 or mail to EID Editor CDC/NCID/MS D61 1600 Clifton Road, NE Atlanta, GA 30333 Moving? Please give us your new address (in the box) and print the number of your old mailing label here_________________________________________ Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 12, No. 7, July 2006 Emerging Infectious Determinants of Chronic Diseases Siobhán M. O’Connor,* Christopher E. Taylor,† and James M. Hughes‡ Evidence now confirms that noncommunicable chron- nicity, socioeconomic status, or culture. Expectations are ic diseases can stem from infectious agents. Furthermore, that additional etiologic relationships will emerge over the at least 13 of 39 recently described infectious agents coming decades, influenced by ever-evolving populations, induce chronic syndromes. Identifying the relationships can ecology, and economies as well as by advances in science affect health
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