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ESCCAR International Congress on Rickettsiae and Other Intracellular Bacteria Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Carole Kebbi-Beghdadi, Gilbert Greub

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ESCCAR International Congress on Rickettsiae and Other Intracellular Bacteria Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Carole Kebbi-Beghdadi, Gilbert Greub ESCCAR international congress on Rickettsiae and other intracellular bacteria Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Carole Kebbi-Beghdadi, Gilbert Greub To cite this version: Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Carole Kebbi-Beghdadi, Gilbert Greub. ESCCAR international congress on Rickettsiae and other intracellular bacteria. Microbes and Infection, Elsevier, 2018, 20 (7-8, SI), pp.392-400. 10.1016/j.micinf.2018.08.001. hal-01935339 HAL Id: hal-01935339 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01935339 Submitted on 11 Apr 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Microbes and Infection 20 (2018) 392e400 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Microbes and Infection journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/micinf Meeting report ESCCAR international congress on Rickettsiae and other intracellular bacteria * Pierre-Edouard Fournier a, Carole Kebbi-Beghdadi b, Gilbert Greub b, a URMITE, UniversitedelaMediterranee, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Mediterranee-Infection, Marseille, France b Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland article info Article history: broaden our knowledge and that technology-based research that Received 10 July 2018 allows to fish for new pathogens is also very important, despite Accepted 10 August 2018 being until recently not recognized by most funding agencies. Available online 10 October 2018 Nevertheless, as exemplified by Rickettsia felis culture in frog cell lines, to recover a new species in culture may rely on hypothesis, i.e. that an arthropod-associated bacteria likely grows at a lower temperature (28 C) than mammals associated-rickettsia. R. felis is also a nice example of genes exchange, this bacterium exhibiting a very high level of mosaicism, explaining its larger genome as The ESCCAR international congress on Rickettsia and other compared to other rickettsial species. Finally, he showed that in intracellular bacteria is a meeting jointly organized by the Amer- research we have to expect the unexpected. As an example, R. felis is ican Society of Rickettsiology and the European Society of Chla- likely also transmitted by mosquito (and not only by cat fleas) and mydia, Coxiella, Aanaplasma and Rickettsia (ESCCAR). Noteworthy, may cause in Africa a common skin eruption (called “yaaf”) asso- the first rickettsial meeting was organized in Smolenice (Slovakia) ciated with fever and headaches [1]. already 50 years ago by N. Kordova in 1967 whereas the first ESC- CAR meeting was organized in Marseille (France) in 2008 by Phil- 1.1. SESSION 1 and 6 ter: Rickettsia epidemiology ippe Brouqui. The 2nd ESCCAR meeting was then held in Heraklion (Greece) The last ESCCAR meeting took place in Lausanne In session 1, Maureen Laroche (France) described the use of (Switzerland) two years ago, from 13th to 16th June 2015. PE Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time Of Flight mass Fournier and G Greub were the president and vice-president of spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for arthropod identification. Spe- ESCCAR during last two years and have been the major organizers cific peptide extraction protocols were developed and a spectrum of the present Marseille meeting. database implemented for arthropods. The arthropod legs are The Marseille meeting held during the first week of June, was a usually used for MALDI-TOF MS identification to preserve the rest great success, with 254 participants from 33 different countries, of the insect body for culture of bacterial symbionts and DNA originating from all 5 continents. There was a total of 107 oral extraction. To date, MALDI-TOF MS is used to efficiently identify presentations including 13 invited talk on Chlamydia or chlamydia- hard ticks, cat fleas and mosquitoes. In addition, MALDI-TOF MS related bacteria, 11 invited talk on Rickettsia, 22 invited talks on spectra from Rickettsia-infected insects were added to the database, other intracellular bacteria and 61 oral presentation selected from making this method an efficient, rapid and inexpensive method for abstracts. In addition, 102 posters were presented during three human-biting athropods. specific interactive poster sessions. Then, Christopher D. Paddock (USA) made a nice overview of the currentknowledge on rickettsioses in theUSA, starting with thebelief, 1. Scientific lectures at the turn of the third millennium, that only one of these infections, Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), was endemic in the country. The ESCCAR-ASR meeting started by Didier Raoult's keynote on However, in the past 15 years, another two rickettsioses were detec- rickettsial major discoveries in the past 3 decades. He nicely ted, including those caused by R. parkeri and Rickettsia philipii in the showed that hypothesis-based research is not the only way to southeastern, southwestern and western states. In addition, the epidemiology of RMSF changed, the disease being responsible for outbreaks in impoverished populations of southwestern states were it * Corresponding author. Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Bug- non 48, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Fax: þ(00) 41 21 314 40 60. is transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus instead of Dermacentor E-mail address: [email protected] (G. Greub). ticks in other areas. Dr Paddock highlighted the need to keep https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2018.08.001 1286-4579/© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of Institut Pasteur. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). P.-E. Fournier et al. / Microbes and Infection 20 (2018) 392e400 393 surveying tick-borne rickettsioses whose epidemiology might change following respiratory tract infection. Indeed, several hints supports rapidly according to climate and/or demographic changes. the role of this bacterial species as an agent of lower respiratory tract Four short presentations were also part of session 1. Silke infections, at least in immunocompromised subjects. Wolfel (Germany) reported the presence of Rickettsia monacensis in Since ticks were recently shown to be infected by different Ixodes ricinus ticks from northern Denmark. Using multi locus chlamydia related-bacteria [8], Ludovic Pilloux (Switzerland) sequence typing, she detected the bacterium in 4.9% of 367 tested investigated whether tick cell lines may be used to grow these strict tick pools and found no difference between German and Danish intracellular bacteria. He demonstrated the ability of Estrella and strains. Michelle Allerdice (USA) delivered a talk on the prevalence Waddlia to grow in tick cell lines. The subsequent talk, given by of R. parkeri in Amblyomma maculatum ticks in southern Arizona. By Delaney Burnard (Australia) was about an interesting documen- studying 182 ticks collected at three locations in national parks, she tation of Rhabdochlamydiaceae in both ticks and exposed marsu- detected the bacterium using 23S rRNA and ompA PCRs in 41 ticks. pials. This report confirms the occurrence of Rhabdochlamydiaceae Depending on locations, the prevalence of the bacterium ranged in ticks, previously documented in Switzerland and Algeria [9] and from 21 to 40%, thus representing a risk for people visiting national might provide a first hint on tick to mammal transmission of this parks. Then, Dalyte Mordosaite-Busaitiene (Lithuania) reported family-level lineage, if MLST or genomics demonstrate that clones the results of a study on rodents in the Curonian Spit, a region of from ticks are similar to the strains from mammals. Finally, this Lithuania located by the Baltic Sea. On the 238 captured rodents, a session was concluded by a very nice talk from Manon Vouga total of 1226 ectoparasites were collected. 16.3%, 7.9% and 43.5% of (Switzerland) on the antibiotic susceptibility of Simkania nege- ticks, mites and fleas were positive for rickettsiae, respectively. R. vensis, a chlamydia-related bacterium of unknown pathogenicity. helvetica was detected in ticks, mites and fleas, R. felis in mites and fleas and R. monacensis in fleas. Other uncharacterized species were 1.3. Parallel SESSION 2 bis: pathophysiology of Anaplasmataceae also detected in mites. Finally, Ilaria Pascucci (Italy) detailed the results of a study aiming at evaluating the diversity of Rickettsia Jere McBride (USA) first described how ehrlichiae subvert species in ticks in the Abruzzo and Molise regions of central Italy. A innate host defenses to escape destruction. For this, they possess total of 603 ticks were collected and tested in 178 pools. Using 23S tandem repeat effectors (TRPs), major immune-reactive proteins rRNA, gltA and ompA PCR, they found 93/178 pools (52%) to be that interact with a diverse array of host cell targets, notably the positive. Eight Rickettsia species were identified, mainly R. slovaca Notch signaling pathway that is activated by TRP120. TRPs stimu- and R. aeschlimannii, but also R. conorii, R. felis, R. helvetica, R. late phagocytosis in macrophages as well as cytoskeletal reorga- massiliae, R. monacensis and R. raoultii. nization/cell
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