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P.6 SST CLASSWORK WEEK TWO Monday 8Th June, 2020 Plot 48 Muwaire Rd (behind IHK Hospital) P.O.BOX 5337, KAMPALA - UGANDA Tel: 256783111908 Email: [email protected] Website: www.stagnes.co.ug P.6 SST CLASSWORK WEEK TWO Monday 8th June, 2020. MIGRATION PATTERNS IN EAST AFRICA 1. What is migration? -Migration is the movement of people from one place to another looking for better settlement. Why do people move to different places today? Looking for better jobs. Looking for better social services. Looking for better fertile soil for crop growing. Shortage of pasture and water for their animals. Shortage of land due to over population. Internal and external conflicts. Famine due to prolonged drought in some areas. Types of migration today. Rural-urban migration Urban-rural migration Urban-urban migration Rural-rural migration 2. What is Rural - urban migration? Rural- urban migration is the movement of people from villages to towns for better settlement. 3. What is urban - urban migration? Urban - urban migration is the movement of people from one town to another town looking for better settlement. 4. What is Rural - rural migration? Rural - rural migration is the movement of people from one village to another looking for better settlement. Activity 1. What is migration? 2. Give two reasons for the migration of ethnic groups into East Africa. 3. Mention two reasons why people migrate today. 4. State two problems people face while migrating. 5. What is urban – rural migration? Tuesday 9th June, 2020. Causes of Rural- urban migration To get better jobs in towns. To get better social services in towns To enjoy better entertainment in towns To escape cultural practices in villages Dangers Caused by rural- urban migration. It causes unemployment in towns Reduces labour force in villages Causes shortage of accommodation in towns Increases high crime rates in towns Leads to creation of slums in towns Causes over population in towns. Ways in which the government can reduce rural-urban migration. By extending electricity to villages ( Rural electrification) By setting up small scale industries By improving on social service delivery to villages. Causes of Rural-rural migration Shortage of land Shortage of water and pastures for their animals. Famine Internal and external conflicts Outbreak of epidemic diseases Insecurity in some areas. Problems faced by people living in Urban areas High Cost of living. Poor sanitation High crime rates Unemployment Easy spread of diseases Poor housing facilities Reasons why Urban areas are densely populated. They have better jobs They have better education services They have better health services They have better social amenities. Immigration Immigration is the process where a person comes to live permanently in a country that is not his or hers. Emigration Emigration is when a person leaves his own country to live permanently in another country. Emigrants Emigrant is a person who leaves his own country to live permanently in another country. Activity 1. Give two reasons why people move to towns today. 2. State two reasons why Kampala is densely populated. 3. Write two problems faced by people in Kampala city. 4. How can the government encourage people to stay in villages? 5. Which ministry in Uganda is responsible for its immigrants? Wednesday 10th June, 2020. POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ORGANISATION OF ETHNIC GROUPS a) POLITICAL ORGANISATION 1. Before the coming of colonialists the people of East Africa were organised in; Kingdoms (under kings) Empires ( under Emperors) Chiefdoms (under chiefs) Clans (under clan heads/council of elders) KINGDOMS IN EAST AFRICA (Centralised Societies) A kingdom is a centralised society ruled by a king/queen. Examples of kingdoms in East Africa. Uganda Kenya Tanzania Buganda Wanga Karagwe Bunyoro Ankole Tooro Characteristics of kingdoms They have hereditary leaders. They have royal regalia (E.G. royal throne, crown, drum, royal spear, stool) They have centralised administration with one supreme leader called king. Kingdoms have well established cultural institutions. People are divided into classes i.e. the royal class and the commoners. They have special titles given to their kings. Regalia Royal regalia are special objects designed for the king/traditional leaders. Examples of royal regalia - The royal spear. - The royal crown. - The royal shield. - The royal stool - The royal throne. - The royal drum. Advantages of kingdoms They promote peace and unity. Kingdoms promote culture. They promote morals in society. They mobilise people for development. Kingdoms promote unity among people They offer scholarship to students They promote administration kingdoms act as a source of history Kingdoms attract tourists who pay in money They promote peace and security in the society. Disadvantages of kingdoms. Kingdoms promote dictatorship. They promote tribalism/sectarianism. They mainly favour members of the royal family over the commoners. Some pre-colonial societies and titles of their leaders Society Title Of Leader Baganda Kabaka Banyoro Omukama Batooro Omukama Banyankore Omugabe Luhya Nabongo Basoga Kyabazinga Nyamwezi Ntemi Iteso Emorimor Acholi Rwot NB: The people /tribe of Karagwe kingdom are called the Haya/Abahaya. Activity 1. What is a kingdom? 2. What title is given to the traditional leader of Buganda kingdom. 3. Name the only interlacustrine kingdom formed in Kenya. 4. Which group of people formed Wanga kingdom? 5. Why should kingdoms be preserved in East Africa? 6. Why were Bantu tribes able to form kingdoms? Thursday 11th June, 2020. BUGANDA KINGDOM Buganda Kingdom started as a small state under Bunyoro-kitara Empire but later broke away as an independent Kingdom . According to the Buganda, the founder of the Buganda Kingdom was Kintu. According to the Banyoro, they believe that the founder of Buganda kingdom was Kato Kimera a twin brother of Isingoma Mpuga Rukidi. Factors for the growth and expansion of Buganda kingdom. Buganda had enough food due to presence of fertile soils. Buganda has a well organized centralized system of administration. Buganda acquired guns from foreigners which they used to expand the kingdom. Buganda had a strong army and leaders. The coming of the British helped Buganda to acquire more land from Bunyoro. Buganda’s strategic location near L. Victoria provided a natural defence against the enemies. Buganda participated in the Long distance trade which enabled her to gain more wealth. NB: The capital/headquarters of Buganda were at Mengo. Roles of kings in kingdoms They served as supreme judges. They served as commanders in chief of the army. They were responsible for appointing and dismissing senior officials in the kingdom. He was the chief mediator between the dead and the living. They were the chief decision makers. Activity 1. Who was the founder of Buganda kingdom according to Nyoro tradition? 2. State two factors for the rise of Buganda kingdom 3. Where do we find the headquarters of Buganda kindom? 4. What title is given to the traditional leader of Buganda kingdom? 5. State two duties of the Kabaka of Buganda. Friday 12th June, 2020. BUNYORO KINGDOM Bunyoro Kingdom started after the fall of the Chwezi Empire. The Kingdom was formed by the Luo migrants from Sudan. It was founded by Isingoma Rukidi Mpuga under the Luo dynasty. The Kingdom is led by a king called Omukama. When the Luo - Biito dynasty declined in 1852, Omukama Kamurasi, the father of Omukama Kabalega started Bunyoro Kingdom. After his death, his son called Kabalega kabigunine succeeded him as a new king. Omukama kabalega organised Bunyoro Kingdom by building a strong army called Abarusura. Duties of the Abarusura To maintain peace and security in Bunyoro To enforce law and order To raid communities for expansion Factors that led to the growth of Bunyoro Strong leaders like Kabalega Strong and well trained army Trading with other societies Fertile soil which enabled crop growing Ranching the neighbouring States. NB: During the reign of king Omukama Kyebambe Nyamutukura, his son called prince Kaboyo left the palace and started Tooro Kingdom. Reasons why Tooro Kingdom broke away from Bunyoro The Batooro felt that they were very far from the capital of Bunyoro. The Batooro felt that they were not adequately protected by the king. Prince kaboyo was very greedy and impatient for power. Activity 1. Who was the founder of Bunyoro kingdom? 2. What name is given to the special army of Omukama Kabalega? 3. How were the Abarusura important in Bunyoro? 4. State any two factors that led to the rise of Bunyoro kingdom. 5. Give two reasons why Tooro kingdom broke away from Bunyoro .
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