Cubesat Communication Systems
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Orbital Lifetime Predictions
Orbital LIFETIME PREDICTIONS An ASSESSMENT OF model-based BALLISTIC COEFfiCIENT ESTIMATIONS AND ADJUSTMENT FOR TEMPORAL DRAG co- EFfiCIENT VARIATIONS M.R. HaneVEER MSc Thesis Aerospace Engineering Orbital lifetime predictions An assessment of model-based ballistic coecient estimations and adjustment for temporal drag coecient variations by M.R. Haneveer to obtain the degree of Master of Science at the Delft University of Technology, to be defended publicly on Thursday June 1, 2017 at 14:00 PM. Student number: 4077334 Project duration: September 1, 2016 – June 1, 2017 Thesis committee: Dr. ir. E. N. Doornbos, TU Delft, supervisor Dr. ir. E. J. O. Schrama, TU Delft ir. K. J. Cowan MBA TU Delft An electronic version of this thesis is available at http://repository.tudelft.nl/. Summary Objects in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) experience low levels of drag due to the interaction with the outer layers of Earth’s atmosphere. The atmospheric drag reduces the velocity of the object, resulting in a gradual decrease in altitude. With each decayed kilometer the object enters denser portions of the atmosphere accelerating the orbit decay until eventually the object cannot sustain a stable orbit anymore and either crashes onto Earth’s surface or burns up in its atmosphere. The capability of predicting the time an object stays in orbit, whether that object is space junk or a satellite, allows for an estimate of its orbital lifetime - an estimate satellite op- erators work with to schedule science missions and commercial services, as well as use to prove compliance with international agreements stating no passively controlled object is to orbit in LEO longer than 25 years. -
Cubesat Data Analysis Revision
371-XXXXX Revision - CubeSat Data Analysis Revision - November 2015 Prepared by: GSFC/Code 371 National Aeronautics and Goddard Space Flight Center Space Administration Greenbelt, Maryland 20771 371-XXXXX Revision - Signature Page Prepared by: ___________________ _____ Mark Kaminskiy Date Reliability Engineer ARES Corporation Accepted by: _______________________ _____ Nasir Kashem Date Reliability Lead NASA/GSFC Code 371 1 371-XXXXX Revision - DOCUMENT CHANGE RECORD REV DATE DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE LEVEL APPROVED - Baseline Release 2 371-XXXXX Revision - Table of Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 Statement of Work 5 3 Database 5 4 Distributions by Satellite Classes, Users, Mass, and Volume 7 4.1 Distribution by satellite classes 7 4.2 Distribution by satellite users 8 4.3 CubeSat Distribution by mass 8 4.4 CubeSat Distribution by volume 8 5 Annual Number of CubeSats Launched 9 6 Reliability Data Analysis 10 6.1 Introducing “Time to Event” variable 10 6.2 Probability of a Successful Launch 10 6.3 Estimation of Probability of Mission Success after Successful Launch. Kaplan-Meier Nonparametric Estimate and Weibull Distribution. 10 6.3.1 Kaplan-Meier Estimate 10 6.3.2 Weibull Distribution Estimation 11 6.4 Estimation of Probability of mission success after successful launch as a function of time and satellite mass using Weibull Regression 13 6.4.1 Weibull Regression 13 6.4.2 Data used for estimation of the model parameters 13 6.4.3 Comparison of the Kaplan-Meier estimates of the Reliability function and the estimates based on the Weibull regression 16 7 Conclusion 17 8 Acknowledgement 18 9 References 18 10 Appendix 19 Table of Figures Figure 4-1 CubeSats distribution by mass .................................................................................................... -
Small Satellite Launchers
SMALL SATELLITE LAUNCHERS NewSpace Index 2020/04/20 Current status and time from development start to the first successful or planned orbital launch NEWSPACE.IM Northrop Grumman Pegasus 1990 Scorpius Space Launch Demi-Sprite ? Makeyev OKB Shtil 1998 Interorbital Systems NEPTUNE N1 ? SpaceX Falcon 1e 2008 Interstellar Technologies Zero 2021 MT Aerospace MTA, WARR, Daneo ? Rocket Lab Electron 2017 Nammo North Star 2020 CTA VLM 2020 Acrux Montenegro ? Frontier Astronautics ? ? Earth to Sky ? 2021 Zero 2 Infinity Bloostar ? CASIC / ExPace Kuaizhou-1A (Fei Tian 1) 2017 SpaceLS Prometheus-1 ? MISHAAL Aerospace M-OV ? CONAE Tronador II 2020 TLON Space Aventura I ? Rocketcrafters Intrepid-1 2020 ARCA Space Haas 2CA ? Aerojet Rocketdyne SPARK / Super Strypi 2015 Generation Orbit GoLauncher 2 ? PLD Space Miura 5 (Arion 2) 2021 Swiss Space Systems SOAR 2018 Heliaq ALV-2 ? Gilmour Space Eris-S 2021 Roketsan UFS 2023 Independence-X DNLV 2021 Beyond Earth ? ? Bagaveev Corporation Bagaveev ? Open Space Orbital Neutrino I ? LIA Aerospace Procyon 2026 JAXA SS-520-4 2017 Swedish Space Corporation Rainbow 2021 SpinLaunch ? 2022 Pipeline2Space ? ? Perigee Blue Whale 2020 Link Space New Line 1 2021 Lin Industrial Taymyr-1A ? Leaf Space Primo ? Firefly 2020 Exos Aerospace Jaguar ? Cubecab Cab-3A 2022 Celestia Aerospace Space Arrow CM ? bluShift Aerospace Red Dwarf 2022 Black Arrow Black Arrow 2 ? Tranquility Aerospace Devon Two ? Masterra Space MINSAT-2000 2021 LEO Launcher & Logistics ? ? ISRO SSLV (PSLV Light) 2020 Wagner Industries Konshu ? VSAT ? ? VALT -
In This Issue
Vol. 38 No.12, September 2013 Editor: Jos Heyman FBIS In this issue: Satellite Update 4 Cancelled projects: Conestoga 5 News Ardusat 3 Arirang-5 7 Dnepr 1 7 Dream Chaser 7 Eutelsat and Satmex 2 Fermi 7 Gsat-14 7 HTV-4 3 iBall 3 Kepler 4 Orion 7 PicoDragon 3 Proton M 2 RCM 2 Russian EVAs 2 SARah 4 SGDC-1 4 SPRINT A 4 TechEdSat-3 3 WGS-6 4 HTV-4 Unpressurised Logistics Carrier with STP-H4 TIROS SPACE INFORMATION Eutelsat and Satmex 86 Barnevelder Bend, Southern River WA 6110, Australia Tel + 61 8 9398 1322 Eutelsat has acquired Mexico’s Satmex, a major communicaions satellite operator in the Latin (e-mail: [email protected]) American region. o o The Tiros Space Information (TSI) - News Bulletin is published to promote the scientific exploration and Satmex has currently three satellites in orbit at 113 W (Satmex-6), 114.9 W (Satmex-5) and commercial application of space through the dissemination of current news and historical facts. 116.8 oW (Satmex-8) and it can be expected that, once the acquisition has been completed, In doing so, Tiros Space Information continues the traditions of the Western Australian Branch of the these satellites will be renamed as part of the Eutelsat family. In addition Satmex has the Astronautical Society of Australia (1973-1975) and the Astronautical Society of Western Australia (ASWA) Satmex-7 and -9 satellites on order from Boeing. It is not clear whether these satellites will (1975-2006). remain on order. The News Bulletin can be received worldwide by e-mail subscription only. -
Starttabelle 2013 2013-01A 2013-01B 2013-01C 2013-02A 2013-02B 2013-03A 2013-04A NOA-01 2013-05A 2013-05B 2013-05C 2013-05D 2013-05E 2013-05F 2013-06A 2013-06B
Raumfahrer.net Starttabelle 2013 Bahnnähe Bahnferne Inklination LandLandLand bzw.bzw.bzw. WiederWieder---- COSPAR Satellit StartStartStart (GMT) Trägerrakete Startort Umläuft Bemerkungen Bemannt (km)(km)(km) (km)(km)(km) (Grad) Organisation eintritt 2013-01A Kosmos 2482 15.01.2013 Rokot Plesezk 1.484 1.523 82,504 Erde Russland - Militärischer Datenrelais- Nein (Strela-3M 4) 16.25 satellit 2013-01B Kosmos 2483 15.01.2013 Rokot Plesezk 1.485 1.510 82,505 Erde Russland - Militärischer Datenrelais- Nein (Strela-3M 5) 16.25 satellit 2013-01C Kosmos 2484 15.01.2013 Rokot Plesezk 1.484 1.523 82,504 Erde Russland - Militärischer Datenrelais- Nein (Strela-3M 6) 16.25 satellit 2013-02A IGS-Radar 4 27.01.2013 H2-A Tanegashima 480 500 97 Erde Japan - Radar-Aufklärungssatellit Nein 4.40 2013-02B IGS-Optik 5V 27.01.2013 H2-A Tanegashima 480 500 97 Erde Japan - Optischer Aufklärungs- Nein 4.40 satellit 2013-03A STSat 2C 30.01.2013 Naro 1 Naro-Raumfahrt- 304 1.509 80,275 Erde Südkorea - Forschungs- und Technolo- Nein 7.00 zentrum giesatellit; ca. 100 kg 2013-04A TDRS K 31.01.2013 Atlas 5 Cape Canaveral 35.744 35.845 6,998 Erde USA - Bahnverfolgungs- und Nein 1.48 Datenrelaissatellit; 3.454 kg NOA-01 Intelsat 27 01.02.2013 Zenit 3 Sea-Launch-Plattform - - - - USA - Fehlfunktion der ersten Nein 7.56 Stufe und Absturz 2013-05A Globalstar M78 06.02.3013 Sojus 2 Baikonur 1.420 1.421 52,004 Erde USA - Sprach- und Datenkommu- Nein 16.04 nikationssatellit; 700 kg 2013-05B Globalstar M93 06.02.3013 Sojus 2 Baikonur 1.420 1.421 51,980 Erde USA - Sprach- und Datenkommu- -
Cubesat Communication Systems 2003-2013: a Historical Look
CubeSat Communication Systems 2003-2013: A Historical Look Bryan Klofas SRI International [email protected] Nanosatellite Ground Station Workshop San Luis Obispo, California 23 April 2013 Two Survey Papers • “A Survey of CubeSat Communication Systems” – Paper presented at the CubeSat Developers’ Workshop 2008 – By Bryan Klofas, Jason Anderson, and Kyle Leveque – Covers the CubeSats from start of program to 2008 • “A Survey of CubeSat Communication Systems: 2009-2012” – Paper presented at the CubeSat Developers’ Workshop 2013 – By Bryan Klofas and Kyle Leveque – Covers the CubeSats from 2009 to ELaNa-6/NROL-36 launch in 2012 Slide 2 Summary of CubeSat Launches 2003 to 2013 • Eurockot (30 June 2003) • Dnepr Launch 2 (17 Apr 2007) – AAU1 CubeSat – CSTB1 – DTUsat-1 – AeroCube-2 – CanX-1 – CP4 – Cute-1 – Libertad-1 – QuakeSat-1 – CAPE1 – XI-IV – CP3 • SSETI Express (27 Oct 2005) – MAST – XI-V • NLS-4/PSLV-C9 (28 Apr 2008) – NCube-2 – Delfi-C3 – UWE-1 – SEEDS-2 • M-V-8 (22 Feb 2006) – CanX-2 – Cute-1.7+APD – AAUSAT-II • Minotaur 1 (11 Dec 2006) – Compass-1 – GeneSat-1 Slide 3 Summary of CubeSat Launches 2003 to 2013 • Minotaur-1 (19 May 2009) • NLS-6/PSLV-C15 (12 July 2010) – AeroCube-3 – Tisat-1 – CP6 – StudSat – HawkSat-1 • STP-S26 (19 Nov 2010) – PharmaSat – RAX-1 • ISILaunch 01 (23 Sep 2009) – O/OREOS – BEESAT-1 – NanoSail-D2 – UWE-2 • Falcon 9-002 (8 Dec 2010) – ITUpSAT-1 – Perseus (4) – SwissCube – QbX (2) • H-IIA F17 (20 May 2010) – SMDC-ONE – Hayato – Mayflower – Waseda-SAT2 – PSLV-C18 (12 Oct 2011) – Negai-Star – Jugnu Slide 4 Summary -
Development of Magnetometer-Based Orbit And
DEVELOPMENT OF MAGNETOMETER-BASED ORBIT AND ATTITUDE DETERMINATION FOR NANOSATELLITES THOMAS WRIGHT A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE GRADUATE PROGRAM IN EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE YORK UNIVERSITY, TORONTO, ONTARIO AUGUST, 2014 © THOMAS WRIGHT, 2014 Abstract Attitude and orbit determination are critical parts of nanosatellite mission operations. The ability to perform attitude and orbit determination autonomously could lead to a wider array of mission possibilities for nanosatellites. This research examines the feasibility of using low-cost magnetometer measurements as a method of autonomous, simultaneous orbit and attitude determination for the novel application of redundancy on nanosatellites. Individual Extended Kalman Filters (EKFs) are developed for both attitude determination and orbit determination. Simulations are run to compare the developed systems with previous work on attitude and orbit determination. The EKFs are combined to provide both attitude and orbit determination simultaneously. Simulations are run and show that this approach for autonomous attitude and orbit determination on nanosatellites provides 8.5 and 12.5 km of attitude and orbit knowledge, respectively. The results of the simulations are then validated using Hardware-In-The-Loop (HITL) testing. Additionally, a Helmholtz cage is evaluated for future use in the HITL test setup. ii Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge my supervisors Professor Sunil Bisnath and Professor Regina Lee for their guidance and support. I will carry the skills they helped me to develop through the rest of my career. I would also like to thank the grad students in both the GNSS and YuSEND Labs for their assistance and encouragement throughout my studies. -
The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017
Federal Aviation Administration The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 January 2017 Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 i Contents About the FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation The Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation (FAA AST) licenses and regulates U.S. commercial space launch and reentry activity, as well as the operation of non-federal launch and reentry sites, as authorized by Executive Order 12465 and Title 51 United States Code, Subtitle V, Chapter 509 (formerly the Commercial Space Launch Act). FAA AST’s mission is to ensure public health and safety and the safety of property while protecting the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States during commercial launch and reentry operations. In addition, FAA AST is directed to encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries. Additional information concerning commercial space transportation can be found on FAA AST’s website: http://www.faa.gov/go/ast Cover art: Phil Smith, The Tauri Group (2017) Publication produced for FAA AST by The Tauri Group under contract. NOTICE Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this document does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the Federal Aviation Administration. ii Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 GENERAL CONTENTS Executive Summary 1 Introduction 5 Launch Vehicles 9 Launch and Reentry Sites 21 Payloads 35 2016 Launch Events 39 2017 Annual Commercial Space Transportation Forecast 45 Space Transportation Law and Policy 83 Appendices 89 Orbital Launch Vehicle Fact Sheets 100 iii Contents DETAILED CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . -
Future Technologies
MANEKSHAW PAPER No. 47, 2014 Future Technologies Puneet Bhalla D W LAN ARFA OR RE F S E T R U T D N IE E S C CLAWS VI CT N OR ISIO Y THROUGH V KNOWLEDGE WORLD Centre for Land Warfare Studies KW Publishers Pvt Ltd New Delhi New Delhi Editorial Team Editor-in-Chief : Maj Gen Dhruv C Katoch SM, VSM (Retd) Managing Editor : Ms Avantika Lal D W LAN ARFA OR RE F S E T R U T D N IE E S C CLAWS VI CT N OR ISIO Y THROUGH V Centre for Land Warfare Studies RPSO Complex, Parade Road, Delhi Cantt, New Delhi 110010 Phone: +91.11.25691308 Fax: +91.11.25692347 email: [email protected] website: www.claws.in The Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, is an autonomous think tank dealing with national security and conceptual aspects of land warfare, including conventional and sub-conventional conflicts and terrorism. CLAWS conducts research that is futuristic in outlook and policy-oriented in approach. © 2014, Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi Disclaimer: The contents of this paper are based on the analysis of materials accessed from open sources and are the personal views of the author. The contents, therefore, may not be quoted or cited as representing the views or policy of the Government of India, or Integrated Headquarters of MoD (Army), or the Centre for Land Warfare Studies. KNOWLEDGE WORLD www.kwpub.com Published in India by Kalpana Shukla KW Publishers Pvt Ltd 4676/21, First Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002 Phone: +91 11 23263498 / 43528107 email: [email protected] l www.kwpub.com Contents 1. -
IAC-17-#### Page 1 of 6 IAC-17-### Crowdfunding for Space Missions
68th International Astronautical Congress (IAC), Adelaide, Australia, 25-29 September 2017. Copyright ©2017 by the International Astronautical Federation (IAF). All rights reserved. IAC-17-### Crowdfunding For Space Missions Graham Johnsona a Inmarsat Global Ltd. [email protected] Abstract Crowdfunding (via websites such as kickstarter.com) has become an increasingly popular method for funding projects and start-up companies for a wide range of terrestrial products and services. A small, but not insignificant number of space projects have also used this method of fundraising, and there is potentially much greater scope for this type of funding. This paper presents an analysis of crowd-funding campaigns that have been used to fund space- related projects, and in particular, spaceflight missions. It assesses the relative success of these campaigns and proposes some insights as to what makes a successful space crowdfunding campaign. Keywords: Crowdfunding, Space, Mission Acronyms/Abbreviations have attempted to use crowdfunding as either their CAT Cubesat Ambipolar Thruster principle source of funding, or as a stepping stone to ISS International Space Station further progress their project. Kickstarter appears to be LEO Low Earth Orbit the most popular platform for space mission funding, although there have also been a small number of space projects on IndieGoGo, Rockethub and Gofundme. 1. Introduction In this paper a summary of space mission ‘Crowdfunding’ is a process by which the creator of crowdfunding campaigns is presented, an assessment is a product or service can appeal directly to the public for made of the typical level of funding which individuals cash funding. It is important to note that the contribute, and the potential for scale-up to future space contributors, or ‘funders’, are not actually investing in projects is discussed. -
2013 October
TTSIQ #5 page 1 OCTOBER 2013 Reducing space transportation costs considerably is vital to achievement of mankind’s goals & dreams in space NEWS SECTION pp. 3-70 p. 3 Earth Orbit and Mission to Planet Earth p. 17 Cislunar Space and the Moon p. 26 Mars and the Asteroids p. 45 Other Planets and their moons p. 62 Starbound ARTICLES & ESSAYS pp. 72-95 p. 72 Covering Up Lunar Habitats with Moondust? - Some Precedents Here on Earth - Peter Kokh p. 74 How can we Stimulate Greater Use of the International Space Station? - Peter Kokh p. 75 AS THE WORLD EXPANDS The Epic of Human Expansion Continues - Peter Kokh p. 77 Grytviken, South Georgia Island - Lessons for Moonbase Advocates - Peter Kokh K p. 78 The “Flankscopes” Project: Seeing Around the Edges of the Moon - Peter Kokh p. 81 Integrating Cycling Orbits to Enhance Cislunar Infrastructure - Al Anzaldua p. 83 The Responsibilities of Dual Citizenship for Our economy, Our planet, and the Evolution of a Space Faring Civilization - David Dunlop p. 87 Dueling Space Roadmaps - David Dunlop p. 91 A Campaign for the International Lunar Geophysical Year: Some Beginning Considerations - David Dunlop STUDENTS & TEACHERS pp. 97-100 p. 97 Lithuanian Students Hope for free Launch of 2 Amateur Radio CubeSats p. 98 NASA Selects 7 University Projects For 2014 X-Hab Innovation Challenge Penn State University “Lions” take on the Google Lunar X-Prize Challenge p. 99 Do you experience “Manhattan Henge” in your home town? Advanced Robot with more sophisticated motion capabilities unveiled The Ongoing CubeSat Revolution: what it means for Student Space Science p. -
In This Issue
Vol. 39 No.3, December 2013 Editor: Jos Heyman FBIS In this issue: Satellite Update 3 Cancelled Projects: SLOMAR 4 News Artemis 2 Baikonour 3 Chang'e-3 6 Cygnus-2 3 Dnepr 1 9 Dreamchaser 6 DX-1 11 EDRS-C 2 FUEGO 6 GSat-15 3 GSat-16 3 Hylas 2 Made in Russia 7 Minotaur 1 7 O3b 6 OASIS 4 Phoenix 7 Planck 3 SkySat-1 and -2 2 Tiangong-4 11 Vega 7 VEX 3 OASIS Node-1 (courtesy Space Times) TIROS SPACE INFORMATION SkySat-1 and -2 86 Barnevelder Bend, Southern River WA 6110, Australia Tel + 61 8 9398 1322 (e-mail: [email protected]) The Tiros Space Information (TSI) - News Bulletin is published to promote the scientific exploration and commercial application of space through the dissemination of current news and historical facts. In doing so, Tiros Space Information continues the traditions of the Western Australian Branch of the Astronautical Society of Australia (1973-1975) and the Astronautical Society of Western Australia (ASWA) (1975-2006). The News Bulletin can be received worldwide by e-mail subscription only. Subscriptions can be requested by sending an e-mail address to [email protected]. Tiros Space Information reserves the right to refuse any subscription request without the need to provide a reason. All opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Editor or Tiros Space Information. All material contained in this publication may be reproduced provided due acknowledgment is made. Calling card... In a recent article that I drafted for the on-line Sat Magazine, I predicted that by the end of this calendar year a total of 192 satellites were to have been launched, the highest ever for a single year since spaceflight began in 1957.