7760 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 APPOINTMENTS, BY TRANSFER, IN THE REGULAR Willis R. Shelton, Monahans. elude therein a statement by Oscar John­ ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES LaVerne G. Files, Monroe City. son, president of the National Cotton TO ADJUTANT GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT Atheniar R. Wade, San Augustine. Council of America, on price fixing, sub­ Lt. Col. Charles Ennis, Infantry, with rank mitted to the Banking and Currency from May 4, 1941. Committee on August 6, 1941. TO ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT HOUSE OF-REPRESENTATIVES · The SPEAKER. Is there objection to First Lt. Henry Chaffee Thayer, Infantry the request of the gentleman from Mis­ (temporary captain, Army of the United THURSDAY, OCTOBER 9,1941 sissippi? States), with rank from June 12, 1938. There was no objection. TO FIELD ARTILLERY The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Mr. WHITTINGTON. Mr. Speaker, I Second Lt. Robert Pennell, Infantry (tem­ The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Mont­ porary first lieutenant, Army of the United gomery, D. D., offered the following also ask unanimous consent to extend States), with rank from June 12, 1939, effec­ prayer: my own remarks in the RECORD and to tive October 26, 1941. include a statement by Mr. 0. F. Bledsoe, TO INFANTRY Thanks be to the eternal God, our president of the Staple Cotton Coopera­ Second Lt. James Deimel Green, Cavalry Father, for the Christ, our Saviour, for tive Association, entitled ''The New (temporary first lieutenant, Army of the He is transcendent and imparts hope and Farm Program and Human-Labor United States), with rank from June 12, 1939. security to all praying souls. We praise Hours." PROMOTIONS IN THE REGULAR ARMY OF THE Thee that Thou dost enable us to ascend The SPEAKER. Is there objection to UNITED STATES the spiritual heights of wisdom and enjoy the request of the gentleman from Mis­ TO BE COLONELS WITH RANK FROM OCTOBER 1, the peace that passeth knowledge, leading siE'sippi? 1941 the human spirit behind the vision of There was no objection. Lt. Col. Raymond Eugene McQuillin, Cav­ things. Being alive unto God, while Mr. BURGIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask alry (temporary colonel, Army of the United walking the changeful ways of time, in unanimous consent to extend my own States), subject to examination required by thought, purpose, and work, we are led remarks in the RECORD and to include law. to keep our tryst in the morning glow, in therewith a statement of the Secretary Lt. Col. Edward Hiltner Bertram, Infantry the glare of the noon hour, and find rest of State, Hon. Cordell Hull. (temporary colonel, Army of the United ·and peace in the cool of the evening. States), subject to examination required by_ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to · law. Blessed Lord, as the standard of true the request of the gentleman from North Lt. Col. Hayes Adlai Kroner, Infantry (tem­ greatness is the measure of inspiration Carolina? porary colonel, Army of the· United States), imparted, we pray that fair, brotherly There was no objection. subject to examination required by law. consideration may be the window of the Mr. CARTWRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, house in which we labor, holding with APPOINTMENTS IN THE NAVY day before yesterday I asked and re­ stout hearts our country's life. In the ceived permission to have inserted in the The following-named captains to be rear name of our Redeemer. Amen. admirals in the Navy, for temporary service, RECORD a speech by the Honorable to rank from the date stated opposite their The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ Thomas H. MacDonald, Commissioner names: terday was read and approved. of Public Roads. The speech is entitled William S. Farber, October 1, 1941. "The Indispensable Quality of Highways Robert C. Giffen, October 1, 1941. EXTENSION OF REMARKS to National Defense." Today the speech Jonas H. Ingram, October 1, 1941. Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask was returned to me with the statement :Patrick N. L. Bellinger, October 2, 1941. unanimous consent to extend my own re­ that it is three-quarters of a page over Richmond K. Turner, October 3, 1941. marks in the RECORD and include Abel T. Bidwell, October 4, 1941. to the amount allowed. I ask special per­ William R. Munroe, Oetober 6, 1941. therein two brief editorials. mission that it be printed in the RECORD Julius A. Furer, October 7, 1941. the request of the gentleman from Mis­ because of its importance. Bryson Bruce, October 8, 1941. souri? The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Charles W. Fisher, Jr., October 9, 1941. There was no objection. the request of the gentleman from Okla­ Francis w. Rockwell, October 10, 1941. PERMISSION _TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE homa? There was no objection. Mr. LELAND M. FORD. Mr. Speaker, CONFffiMATIONS Mr. GEHRMANN. Mr. Speaker, I ask I ask unanimous consent to address the unanimous consent to extend my own Executive nominations confirmed by House for 1 minute and to revise and remarks in the RECORD and to include the Senate October 9, 1941: extend my remarks. therein some remarks made by a mem­ DIPLOMATIC AND FOREIGN SERVICE The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ber of the Canadian Parliament. Arthur Bliss Lane to be Envoy Extraordi­ the request of the gentleman from Cali­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to nary and Minister Ple-1ipotentiary of the fornia? the request of the gentleman from Wis­ United States of America to Costa Rica. There was no objection. [Mr. LELAND M. FORD addressed the consin? UNITED STATES PUBLIC' HEALTr ~ SERVICE House. His remarks appear in the There was no objection. TO BE SENIOR SURGEONS Appendix of the RECORD.1 Mr. LECOMPTE. Mr. Speaker, I ask Lieuen M. Rogers unanimous consent to extend my own Milton V. ..--eldee EXTENSION OF REMARKS remarks in the RECORD and to include Le Grand B. Byington Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. therein resolutions passed by the Iowa TO BE SURGEONS Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ unit of Fight for Freedom. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Harold D. Lyman tend my own remarks in the RECORD and FTederick W. Kratz to include therewith a brief editorial. the request of the gentleman from Iowa? John D. Lane, Jr. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to There was no objection. the request of the gentleman from Cali­ Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Speaker, I ask TO BE PASSED ASSISTANT SURGEONS fornia? unanimous consent to extend my own Waldron M. Sennott There was no objection. remarks in the RECORD in two respects Kenneth M. Joye John B. Holt Mr. PLUMLEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask and in one to include a short address by unanimous consent to extend my own re­ Strickland Gillilan, and in the other an TO BE SENIOR DENTAL SURGEONS marks in the RECORD and to include address by Dr. John A. O'Brien, of the Stanmore P! Marshall therein an article from a recent issue of University of Notre Dame. William 0. Boss the New York Herald Tribune. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to PoSTMASTERS The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Indi­ MINNESOTA the request of the gentleman from Ver­ ana? mont? There was no objection. Eino Kopponen, Mountain Iron. There was no objection. Mr. PIERCE. Mr. Speaker, I ask TEXAS Mr. WHITTINGTON. Mr. Speaker, I unanimous consent to extend my remarks Jay H. Riley, Canton. ask unanimous consent to extend my in the RECORD and incl'!lde an article by Mabel E. Jones, Hedley. own remarks in the RECORD and to-in- Mr. I. F. Stone. I included one the other 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7761 day, and this is another part of the same ute and revise and extend my remarks the Boston Globe of September 7, titled subject. in the RECORD. "The President's Mother." The SPEAKER. Is there objection? The SPEAKER. Is there objection? The SPEAKER. Is there objection? There was no objection. There was no objection. There w~s no objection. Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, I ask . Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, yester­ SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS FOR • unanimous consent to extend my remarks day the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. NATIONAL DEFENSE, 1942-LEND-LEASE in the RECORD and include a brief article SMITH] told US how the Q. P. M. had appearing in the Christian Science Moni­ denied a contract to the Currier Lumber Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Speak­ tor of recent date. Co., which denial will cost the Govern­ er, I move that the House resolve itself The SPEAKER. Is there objection? ment $431,000, because the A. F. of L. into the Committee of the Whole House There was no objection. threatened r general strike, if the Currier on the state of the Union for the further consideration of the bill shall dawn speedily-"when the war Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I drums beat no longer," then you and I or THE CURRIER LUMBER CO. ask unanimous consent tc. extend my re­ our successors will be here to try to un­ Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask marks in the RECORD by including therein tangle and unravel the tangled threads unanimous consent to proceed for 1 min- a very beautiful poem that appeared in of fiscal confusion which we have had. CONGRESSIONAL RECO.RD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 But at the present time I do not propose the United States certain categories of American countries. The rest of them to be diverted by any sort of a plea from implements, including food products. represent a small amount, but I will in­ the steadfast purpose of the people of Much has been said in a critical way sert their names in the REcORD. America to see to it that Adolf Hitler about our failure to deliver more of the The procedure under lease-lend is that is defeated and that our way of life is pre­ $.7,000,000,000 worth of material since the the proper officers, say, of the United served for future generations. passage on March 27, 1941, about 6 Kingdom, Great Britain, will make ·a I subscribe heartily to the foreign months ago, of the first lease-lend appro­ requisition upon the Office of Defense Aid • policy of the administration. I believe priation. You cannot, unfortunately, go Reports, which is the agency set up in that when time shall have elapsed and down to Sears, Roebuck & Co. or Mont­ our Government to handle the lease-lend we are able to take an objective view of gomery Ward and buy airplanes and program, a requisition for so many planes what has happened, historians will say tanks; not only that, but you cannot send of a certain type, so many tanks, so many that the President, the Secretary of a mail order to get them. In this par­ guns, or any war material they may wish State, and their advisers have done a ticular instance they had to build fac­ to have. That requisition goes to the splendid job; a job that will reflect credit, tories to get them. We had to create particular agency involved. If it is some­ honor, and dignity upon this great coun­ the facilities, we had to secure the raw thing for the Navy, it goes to the Navy try, which stands for peace and which materials to put into those factories. Department; if it is for the Army, it stands for freedom. I believe that every In many instances the personnel, the goes to the War Department; if it has act which the President has done has had manpower, had to be trained to go into relation to shipping, it goes to the Mari­ for its purpose, and I believe has had for "" those factories. time Commission. It is looked over by its effect, keeping America out of actual What Mr. Knudsen terms so aptly as the officials in the appropriate depart­ involvement in war, and if possible to the tooling-up period, getting ready to ment, a memorandum is attached to it as keep war out of America. start the assembly lines going, is about to the cost, a survey is made as to the There have been delays. There have over, and we are now reaching the point production facilities, when the finished been disappointments. There have been where during the next 6 months you are product might be had, the raw materials failures. Of course there have been. going to see the effort under this lease­ involved. It goes all down the line with But what do we have today? We have lend appropriation bring gladness and the cost attached. It finally comes back today a nation that is theoretically at joy to the hearts not only of America to the General Staff. The General Staff peace, because we have declared war on but of the hard-pressed democracies looks it over with reference to whether no one and no one has declared war on which so badly need these things. Only or not those particular articles can be us; yet a nation that is geared up in its $190,000,000 of the $7,000,000,000 worth sent to the foreign countries without industrial effort almost to a war basis. of articles we are told were sent to Great impinging upon our own defense needs. Thousands and thousands of factories Britain and to China between the period If it is cleared through all those agen­ humming with 3 and 4 shifts a day, of March 27, the date of the passage of cies, the allocation is then made by the turning out implements of defense. the act, and a few weeks ago. This is President under present procedure by Airplane production of 1,500 per month. true, but do not forget this fact if you Mr. Stettinius, whom the President has Tanks rolling off the assembly lines; please, that that $190,000,000 worth of very wisely selected to act for him in guns; munitions; ships, 2 or 3 every week, tanks, planes, material, and foodstuffs that regard. After the election is made, and by March, 1 every day, rolling down does not represent the total assistance if it is an item for the Army, the orde'r the ways, needed bottoms with which to that America and American industry was then goes to the War Department and the transport needed weapons of defense for giving to the democracies, for Great item is purchased or contracted for by the forces who are trying to stop Adolf Britain had placed with American in­ the War Department, just as items are Hitler. An army in training, A two­ dustry, $3,000,000,000 worth of orders contracted for for our own Army. Please ocean navy now under way. I say that in long before lease-lend, months and remember that during all this procedure spite of these disappointments and these months before. Why, not even today our only commitment to the United failures we have accomplished a great have we delivered a single airplane to Kingdom is that "We have accepted this deal, and much for which we can be Great Britain which was provided for in requisition; we will process this through, proud. lease-lend. You cannot build . an air­ and if a year from now one of these air­ plane that quickly. But during that pe­ planes is ready and we can spare it from Somebody asked Mr. Knudsen the riod of March 27 up to the present time American defense, we will turn it over to other day if he was satisfied with what Great Britain has been getting airplanes, you, retaining title to it in America." we had done. Mr. Knudsen said: fleets of planes. Why? Because Great But we have the right under lease-lend I am of that temperament that I am never Britain had placed orders with American up to the very minute that plane is . put fiatisfied; I always want to do a little better industry not only for planes, but for upon the ship and sent abroad to recall than I have done. tanks, munitions, shot and shell, ma­ the allocation and turn the product back I could stand here for hours being chine and antitank guns, and other de­ to American defense if it :is needed for critical of some of the things we could fense materials. So it is not fair to say American defense. In every instance our have done and should have done, but I that our total assistance to the democ­ own needs are amply protected. shall not. I can stand here as a Con­ racies during this period was only $190,- Before our committee there appeared gressman and as an American and say 000,000, which was the amount actually representatives of the Office of Produc­ that I am proud of the things we have drawn out of the Treasury from lease­ tion Management, the Army, the Navy, done and of our accomplishments; and I lend funds. From today on the flow of the State Department, Mr. Stettinius, prefer in my public utterances,. unless goods will be in increasing volume. Not and his staff, ready to give us any infor­ I have some constructive suggestions, to only will it be shipped from the shores mation that they could bearing upon this talk about the accomplishments rather of America, but we have made a further important subject. Nothing was held than stand at the wailing wall over some decision in this country: That we do not back. We were not told in any instance of our failures. propose to obligate our Treasury and our that the committee could not have infor­ This bill today further implements the_ citizenry with the cost of paying for these mation. We were told that there were lend-lease policy, the policy established things to see them sent to the bottom of certain facts that could not be made a by the passage of H. R. 1776 on March 11, the sea. If we start a tank or a plane matter of record and obviously that i~ 1941. Sixteen days later Congress had to help the democracies we are going to true. I do not think I will have to argue appropriated $7,000,000,000 to implement see to it if we can-and I think we can­ to any Member of this House how inad­ the policy enunciated in lend-lease, the that that plane and that tank actually visable it would be to spread upon the policy in that act passed by the Congress gets on the battle line to help stop. Adolf record a full chart in the most minute after wide-open debate in and out of the Hitler if it is possible to do so. detail of what we were doing to try to Halls of Congress, in the pulpit, in the The procedure under lease-lend is as aid the democracies, the number of ar­ press, on the public forum. The policy follow-s: Any one of the 12 governments ticles, the time of delivery, date of ship­ laid down in that act was that we pro­ which so far have participated in the ment, and all of that. Those things were pose to make available for the govern­ lease-lend program-principally, of not spread upon the printed record. ment of any country whose defense the course, we understand them to be Great They were given freely to members of President deems vital to the defense of Britain, China, and some of the South the committee and any bit of that infor- 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7763 mation that a Member of this House security of America because I have to the exercise of his powers under the Lend­ wants, I · am sure any member of the trust someone, and I do not know where Lease Act and under the scope of the author­ ity vested in him in the allocation of the ap­ committee will try to enlighten him upon . I would go and :find men to replace any propriation now recommended, should find the subject but obviously and for stra­ of those men. Every one of them has that assistance to Russia should be made in tegic and military purposes it is inad­ told us that in their judgment the pas­ the interest of shortening the war and visable to spread all those minute details sage of this legislation is necessary, that thereby rendering our defense more secure, on the record. it is necessary to do everything in our the committee feels that such action would If you have not read it,· I suggest that power to place the implements of de-­ be no breach of the use of the funds even you read the report filed on Septembet" fense in the hands of the democracies though they had been premised upon a use that are now struggling to try to stop for other nations. Nothing would be more 15 of operations under the Lease-Lend discouraging to the morale of the Russian Act. In it is almost anything that you Hitler and his ruthless hordes. Government and the Russian people in their can ask for. My own personal opinion Not only have they told us that that is heroic and surprising resistance to Axis con­ is that we have spread too much in that necessary, but they have told us that quest than to hear that the President of the document, that a lot of it should have they believe that kind of a job can be United States was precluded from rendering been kept out of it. I think we have gone done. aid to them should he find it possible and into too much detail as to our operations The question has been asked, Will any expedient to do so with these funds. Once under this in assisting the democracies, of these goods go to Russia? I do not again the committee quotes from -the testi­ see why we should haggle about that. mony of General Marshall, Chief of Staff, but there it is, and I think if any Member whose good judgment and sound advice have of the House will sit down and read this So far as I am concerned, I wish we had been of the greatest value to the committee document that has been filed as the ex­ today $6,000,000,000 worth of planes, in connection with the discharge of its duties planation of the operations · under the tanks, guns, ammunition, food, and other in relation to national defense: Lease-Lend Act up to date he will feel implements of defense to place in the "The CHAIRMAN. General Marshall, what ts that a full and a complete disclosure has hands of the Russians, because if that the military aspect of the lend-lease pro­ been made to the Congress of what is could be done, Mr. Chairman, you and I gram presented in this estimate; that is, to would not have to spend another sleeP­ what extent will it serve the purposes and being done to help our allies and to help objectives from the military point of view? the democracies in this situation. less night about the security of our own country. Adolf Hitler would be taken "General MARSHALL. Wherever we can fur­ In a business of this kind you have to nish materiel without detriment to our own trust somebody. Adolf Hitler has said care of. I hope very much, I hope very military requirements, against the possible many times-he stated in Mein Kampf earnestly, that a sizable amount and collapse of the powers fighting the Axis coun­ and he said many other times-that he an effective portion of the lease-lend ma­ tries, it is definitely to our advantage to do could always defeat the democracies be­ terial will find its way to the Russian so. For example, with reference to the pres­ cause while democracies were arguing armies. ent tremendous battle going on in Russia, Let us be realistic. I have no more love the estimates now before you make no spe­ and haggling about what they were going cific provision for aid to Russia; and while to do he would go and do it. There is a for communism than you have. Just as you, I abhor the persecution of the Chris­ we have not a great deal we could provide lot in that, but we still prefer to do the at this time, and what little we do have would thing in the way that democracies oper-. tian church, I repudiate the social and take a long time to ship, all must realize that moral conditions that we understand to ate and even with that we have ~ o trust whatever we do to keep the Russian Army in someone. It is impossible for every Mem­ exist in Russia. I abhor the ruthless and the field aggressively resisting the Germans is ber of Congress to do this job. You have bloody purges of Russia, I have no brief to our great advantage. It would "increase to pick people you can trust to do the for that sort of thing; but if the Rus­ the chances of a successful end to the war; sians !ike it, they have as much right to it would hasten the early conclusion. Our job for you and if the vicissitudes of war assistance will not only contribute directly should bring a hostile nation to our shores that government as ·we have to ours. I do object to them sending Harry Bridges to the safety of the Western Hemisphere but tomorrow we would have to rely upon our will shorten the period of tremendous ex­ NavY to defend America. We would not or anybody else over here to try to plant penditures for defense. If the present con­ do so in vain because, passing over Cab­ their doctrines in America; therefore, I filet drags on through a period of years, you inet positions which sometimes we are think we ought to send Harry Bridges will certainly have a constantly mounting bill pleased to feel are more or less colored back to them. But that is entirely be­ of expenses." The Lend-Lease Act also provides that de­ by political situations, and getting down · side the point. I do not like a rattlesnake; and I am fense articles provided to any nation ·shall to the men behind the guns in the NavY not be transferred to any other nation with­ Department, we have Admiral Stark, not going to get close to one if I can help it. I do not like the noise that he out the consent of the President. The com­ Chief of Naval Operations. There is not mittee Is advised that up to the date of the a man in this House who has dealt across makes, and he is full of poison, but if I hearing no such permission had been given the table with Admiral Stark, Chief of could get hold of one of them and had to any nation to make transfers to Russia. Naval Operations, who does not know that a fair opportunity, I would like to slip it If the President finds that any nation to up the pants leg of Adolf Hitler. On which such defense articles ha,•e been trans­ his great heart is interested in only one ferred can furnish such articles to aid Russia thing and that is the security of America the subject of possible aid to Russia, let me here quote from pages 6 and 7 of the in resisting the Axis, he has authority under and the efficiency of the American Navy. report on this bill: the law to grant such permission . . Turning aside to the Army, we have George Marshall, Chief of Staff,· able, The Budget estimate of $5,985,000,000 has A short time ago a very distinguished been in process of formation for some time American gave me this. He said he had sincere, earnest, industrious, interested in and consists in _part of requirements for Great only one thing, keeping war away from found an old Rumanian proverb which, Britain which were considered in conjunction translated, meant this: this country and keeping this country out with the estimate for the first lend-lease ap­ of war. But he is a realist. He does not propriation and could not be met with the It is permitted to walk with the devil tlll believe in taking chances. He does not $7,000,000,000 provided at that time. The the bridge is crossed. believe in failing to act now and being sum in the bill was programed on the basis The man who can plant a bomb or fire sorry afterwards. of aid to Britain, China, and the South and a charge that is going to slow up or stop Over at the Maritime Commission we Central American republics. The Lend-Lease Adolf Hitler before he gets to America, Act places n9 restriction upon the President have Chairman Land. I could go on as to the nations he may find it necessary to that man I am going to pass a bomb or a down the line. When you come to this aid in our defense. His is the responsibility gun to if I can do it; and I believe that is lease-lend operation, I do not believe for making that determination, and that is the will of the American people. We will the President could have made a wiser as it should be. The ruthlessness of the meet the communism if the time ever choice than to take Ed Stettinius and aggressors in this war and the conscienceless comes when we have to meet it. put him in active business charge of tactics they have resorted to will not permit Bear this in mind, some of you, my good this thing. Ed Stettinius has told our of the delay incident to legislative sanction friends, who are so much concerned about before aid can be extended to any particular committee solemnly and sincerely that nation. Since the passage of the Lend-Lease America getting into war, that Russia, he proposes to scrutinize every one of Act and the first appropriation to implement up to today, is the only power that has these allocations carefully before they it the Axis has attacked Russia. The com­ been able to check or stop or sJ-r"t' up the are made. mittee has been advised that the accompany­ hordes of Hitler. I think you can trust those men. I can ing appropriation was not programed to When these estimates came to us, Mr. trust them. I can trust them with the inc!ude aid to Russia. If the President, in Stettinius and his aides told us very 7764 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 frankly that these articles which are em­ may be entirely changed as the need Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I yield. bodied and itemized in this little blue­ changes. Mr. VORYS of Ohio. And how much book which I hold in my hand, and which Let me read you just one paragraph' of the past $7,000,000,000 is for facilities? was given to the committee in confidence, which General Marshall gave us right Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. About were the items submitted by the United on that point, showing the necessity of the same amount. Kingdom and China and some of the giving under this program the greatest Mr. SHEPPARD. $750,000,000. South American countries. There was latitude in allc.wing them to place their Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. $750,- nothing in this submitted or requested orders for materials. This is what Gen­ 000,000, I am told. by Russia. But it may well happen that eral Marshall said: Mr. VORYS of Ohio. Has there been before these articles are manufactured There are thousands of miscellaneous any arrangement made about security or and delivered to the United Kingdom the component items which are needed by the compensation for our lease-lend that can. situation may so drastically change that countries to be aided, such, for instance, as be reported, other than that they are it may be manifestly to the interest of special type containers to permit loading talking about it? American security to send the articles to of equipment and ammunition in special vehicles; materials for the manufacture of Mr. WOODRUM -of Virginia. No; some nation other than the United King­ explosives; radio parts; parts for moderniza­ there has not, for this nason: A group· dom. tion of existing equipment; ammunition composed of both majority and minority [Here the gavel fell.] components, such as primers and fuzes; and Members were told, at a White House , Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ standard hardware. The Defense Aid Sup­ conference, that under specific instruc­ man, I yield 15 additional minutes to. the ply Committee of the War Department has tion of the President the State Depart­ gentleman from Virginia. been clearing requests for miscellaneous ment was earnestly at work rounding out Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. That items of equipment at the rate of about· $90,000,000 a month. an agreement which would protect Amer-· brings me to this point, Mr. Chairman, ica as far as possible to protect us under­ and in this I want to engage the atten­ In addition, he told us-and I believe lease-lend. - Of course, the gentleman· tion of my distinguished. and v~ry d~at: this is off the record, but there is no rea­ will kno-w how difficult it would be to' friend the gentleman from New York [Mr. son why I should not repeat it to you~ draw a ·definite, ·specific contract when· TABERL In -this bill there is something that some of that $1,000,000,000 will be we yet do not' know what the extent is like a billion dollars which is not spe­ used to replace facilities suddenly de­ going to be or what the categories are cifically earmarked and itemized. It ap­ stroyed. You must remember that the going to be. All that can be worked out pears in different categories, sometimes United Kingdom is under constant bom­ are generalities; but we are assured, and as spot purchases, sometimes as unidenti­ bardment. Today they have a certain I was impressed by the assurance, and I fied needs, or something of that sort. facility· manufacturing tanks or planes, believe others were, that the interest of It is impossible to frame a bill of this but tonight that facility may be put out America in that regard will be protected kind with the same nicety and particu­ of commission. Perhaps tomorrow it will as far as it is possible, remembering, of larity that we would frame the ordinary be necessary to construct- facilities hast­ course, if we are realistic, we are not bill for the War Department. Let me ily in America to meet that need. going to get fully repaid for . these ma­ dwell for just a moment on that, because So it goes or. ad infinitum, category -terials. I do not think anybody would I can very well understand how a Mem­ after category, merely to show that you want to be gullible enough to think we ber of Congress would hesitate and say, cannot lay down a hard and fast rule are going to get $7,000,GOO,OOO back for "Why give him a blank check for that? saying, "You need $5.75, therefore we will the $7,000,000,000 we put out. Why do they not tell you what they want cut a quarter off the $6 you asked for.'' Mr. VORYS of Ohio. The reason I ask and let us appropriate for that?" We cannot do that in this situation. We is that many of 'us are wondering why There is a very good reason for must liave people we can trust, and when something has not been done. If we are that. When the War Department they come in frankly and openly and going into an open-end transaction comes before the Committee on Appro­ bring to us periodically, as they are re­ whereby we continually turn over things, priations for it~; appropriation for the quired to do under the law, an itemiz€d it would seem to many of us there is no next fiscal year they have laid out statement of what they have done with reason why there could not be a blanket their program. They know how many the funds we have given them, then, it mortgage, if you please, put on every­ tank~ they want to purchase, and they seems to me, it is manifestly in the in­ thing that is available of the countries know how many planes of a particular terest of this program to give them that that we are aiding, with the hope that variety and how many antiaircraft guns latitude and let them go ahead and fur- the accounts could be straightened out they want, how many cantonments they nish these matuials. · later on. If it is postponed, we may be want to erect, and where they want to I do not want to consume any more diplomatically embarrassed by the fact make enlargements and expansions. time, and unless someone has a question we do not have present title to these pos­ They are able to lay out their program he wants to ask me I shall yield the fioor. sessions that we might have at this time. ·and itemize it. They know how much Mr. VORYS of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I can additional personnel, enlisted and civil­ will the gentleman yield? see the gentleman's point and I think ian, they need. They can lay it all out Mr. WOODRUM of. Virginia. I yield that is being amply safeguarded by the and spread it all out before the com­ to the gentleman from Ohio. State Department. We were assured mittee, and the members of the War De­ Mr. VORYS of Ohio. How much of that it is and that very substantial prog­ partment subcommittee, experienced this appropriation is for factories and for ress is being made. and seasoned in the needs of the war tooling up, and how much for the con­ Mr. O'HARA. Mr. Chairman, will the Department, can often match their pleted project? Can the gentleman give gentleman yield? judgment against the judgment of the us a statement on that? Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I yield general as to how much of that he needs Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. As Ire­ to the gentleman. and how much of it could be put off; call it, there is practically nothing in Mr. O'HARA. What group or what and then we can appropriate for the these appropriations directly for facili­ member of the administration deter­ specific items. ties, unless--- mines where there is a conflict, or if We can say, "There is no use to appro­ Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, will the there is a conflict, between what is priate for 500 planes here; you cannot get gentleman yield? needed in the way of military equipment delivery of them. We will give you 250 Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I yield. for lease-lend and what is needed for the of them, and you can get 250 more in the - Mr. TABER. Three hundred and sev­ defense of our own country? regular bill." Or we can say, "There is enty-five million dollars i;' directly avail­ Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. A board no use of making this addition to that able for that. composed of representatives of the Army, camp up there; you can do so and so." Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Yes; and Navy, Marine Corps, and the State De­ But what do you have here? This war an indeterminate amount of these bil­ partment, under the supervision of the picture changes overnight. Day by day lions might be used for replacement of Lease-Lend Administrator pass upon it changes. Requisitions are coming lost facilities. that. today from the United Kingdom, which, Mr. VORYS of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, Mr. O'HARA. It would be true, would before they can be processed and filled, will the gentleman yield? it not, that the ultimate determination 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7765 of that is up to the President in the event sizing too strongly the commercial aspects basis, that we are lending them this of some conflict? of her foreign trade at this time? money and we will get it all back or even Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I think Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I think a great proportion of it back. the President would have the right, of Britain is trying to hold the shattered Mr. O'NEAL. Mr. Chairman, will the course, to make the final decision, but threads of her foreign trade if she can gentleman yield? in no instance has he made any decision do so, in certain quarters. A lot of those Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Yes. contrary to the recommendations of this goods came here before the emergency, I Mr. O'NEAL. I rise to call the atten- · Board, and I cannot conceive that he have no doubt, but there is no question tion of the Committee to the fact that would do it. · of the fact that she is doing everything all of these questions were asked of Mr. Mr. PITTENGER. Mr. Chairman, will she can do to help herself. Dean Acheson, of the State Department, the gentleman yield? Mr. HINSHAW. The gentleman has and his testimony is to be found begin­ Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I yield. made some investigation? ning on page 360 of the hearings. There Mr. PITTENGER. There is no ques­ Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Yes; and is a very frank statement of Mr. Acheson tion but that under the terms of this I am thoroughly convinced of that. on· that point, where he discusses the lease-lend legislation the administration Mr. ROBERTSON of Virginia. Mr. quid pro quo, and I think all of the ques­ in making materials to go across the wa­ Chairman, will the gentleman yield? tions that are asked as to the question ter couJd have boats constructed and Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Yes. of reimbursement will be rather fully shipyards erected in this country. Mr. ROBERTSON of Virginia. I un­ answered in the hearings on page 360. Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. We have derstand that defense contracts aggre­ Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, will the such a program going on now; we are gating $24,000,0CO,OOO have been let, but gentleman yield? getting three a week and we will be get­ that the Treasury Department estimates Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Yes. ting one a day after the 1st of March. the ~xpenditure in this fiscal year of only Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, so that Mr. PITTENGER. · Is that done out of $18,000,00~,000, thus indicating, of course, there may be a clearer understanding of the lease-lend appropriations? that if we could lift the level o$ produc­ just what our production situation might Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. No; not tion to $2,000,000,000 a month instead of be, I think it well to call attention to the out of lease-lend appropriations, al­ a billion and a half dollars a month we fact that this year, down to about the though there are some funds under lease­ should try to do so. 1st of October, the expenditures on ac­ lend for ship construction. The program count of lend-lease and military expendi­ I was speaking of was the program of Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Exactly. Mr. ROBERTSON of Virginia. This tures were three and a half billion dol­ the Maritime Commission. lars; that the expenditures for the month Mr. PITTENGER. And in that case week the Labor Department advised me that in the first 8 months of 1941, be­ of October were $1,315,000,000, indicating_ they come here and ask for direct ap­ an increase month by month during the propriations. cause of strikes, we lost more than 17,- 000,000 man-days of labor-not hours­ fiscal year of $100,000,000 a month, and Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Yes. much greater than that during the last Mr. PITTENGER. But under the days; and I am wondering if tbere was any testimony before the gentleman's month; and that on that date the ex­ lease-lend appropriations they could sup­ penditures for the year for military pur- · plement that program with respect to committee as to whether or not ·these p~ses and lend-lease will be well upward shipbuilding. strikes had hindered, delayed, and ob­ structed the all-out defense program. of $20,000,000,000, indicating that the Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Yes. program in the last half of this fiscal Mr. PITTENGER. There is nothing Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Work stoppages of course have delayed every year, after the 1st of January, will be in this legislation to prevent that. much heavier than the expenditures have Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. No; and branch of the defens~ program, and as far as I am p~rsonally concerned I do been in the past. , the title to the ships would be in the Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I thank United States. not think we should permit work stop­ Mr. PITTENGER. And they could be page on any defense program. I think the gentleman. leased under this legislation. there ought to be a tribunal whereby Mr. LELAND M. FORD. Mr. Chair­ Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Yes. differences could be settled, and if there man, will the gentleman yield? Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, will the are differences they ought to be settled Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Xes. gentleman yield? and settled promptly; but nothing shuuld Mr. LELAND M. FORD. With refer­ Mr. WOODRUM • of Virginia. I yield be permitted to stand in the way of this ence to the statement made by the gen­ to the gentleman from New York. all-out industrial effort, because the war tleman from Virginia [Mr. RoBERTSON] Mr. TABER. Is not the meat of this is going to be won or lost on industry. respecting the 17,000,000 man-days that situation that unless such needed as­ That will be the determining factor. have been lost by strikes, does the gentle­ sistance is given as promptly as possible The CHAIRMAN. The time of the man not think that someone should be to Great Britain and the rest of the crowd gentleman frorp Virginia has again ex­ fairer, and that business should not be that is fighting Hitler we will have to do pired. blamed in every instance, and the C. I. 0. the job all alone? Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ group should be given a fair deal, and Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I do not man, I yield the gentleman 5 minutes nothing more than a fair deal, and not think there is tr.e slightest doubt in the more. an all-out surrender to their demands? world about that, I will say to the gentle­ Mr. MICHENER. Mr. Chairman, will Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I do not man. the gentleman yield? want to get into an argument about the Mr. '.CABER. The only thing that can Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Yes. C. I. 0. or the A. F. of L. I think on be involved from the standpoint of the Mr. MICHENER. Reverting to the re­ these defense contracts that there should interests of America is to what extent payment of this $6,000,000,000 or any be no stoppages, or if anybody gets into funds are needed to meet the situation. part of it to our Government, I think an argument, we ought to have a tribunal Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. That is the gentleman from Virginia is recog­ that would stop that argument. If the correct, ·and I quite agree with the gen­ nized here by his colleagues as being a gentleman and I get into an argument, tleman's statement. realist and in the second place he is they do not permit us to go down in the Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Chairman, will recognized because of his supreme cour­ middle of Pennsylvania Avenue and take the gentleman yieJd? age. Being the realist that he is, and a couple of machine guns and settle it. Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I yield having the courage that he has, is the We have to go to the court and settle it to the gentleman from California. gentleman optimist enough to believe and get our redress. I see no reason why Mr. HINSHAW. Down on Fourteenth that we will get any appreciable part of any difficulty should arise between man­ Street between F and G Streets there is a this lend-lease money cack? agement and labor that could not be set­ store window advertising British goods Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Oh, I tled equitably and justly in the courts, with many signr saying "Britain delivers think we will get some part of it; yes. without stopping these vital defense the goods." These are commercial goods. I think we will get considerable part of industries. Is the gentleman persuaded that Britain it in raw materials and in manufactured . Mr. LELANC M. FORD. And without is doing as much as she possibly can to­ articles, but I am not optir.l...istic enough waiving the constitutional rights of ward her own defense and not empha- to thing that we can put it on a money 'business? 7766 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. Exactly there is specific evidence to justify the Mr. Chairman, I should say that is en­ so. conclusion that the feeling of apathy is tirely to their credit because it shows Mr. BARRY. Mr. Chairman, will the more pronounced in Pennsylvania. In­ that they place the welfare of their own gentleman yield? deed, we read in the local press, under country first and foremost. They are Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I yield. a Philadelphia headline, that the First neither pro-Swedish, pro-Norwegian, nor Mr. BARRY. Using the gentleman's Lady, Mrs. Roosevelt, in speaking at pro-Danish. They are 100 percent very able discussion, he described a situ­ Philadelphia on Tuesday evening of this Americans who refuse to dilute their ation where a navy might possibly invade week stated that it would probably take Americanism. this hemisphere and our Navy would have a bomb or two to shake the people of I have heard no one in Minnesota, re­ to offset that attack. I call the gentle- . that city out of their apathy. Cer­ gardless of their ancestry, ever begrudge man's attention to an article written re­ tainly Mrs. Roosevelt has not, to my or condemn the help that this country is cently by Colonel Phillips, of our General knowledge, ever intimated that the peo­ giving to Britain. I have talked with Staff, wherein he stated that the modern ple of Minnesota needed bombing. scores of Americans of German descent bomber has made the Western Hemi­ As for Americans of Scandinavian an­ who have condemned Hitlerism as vigor­ sphere impregnable to invasion. He used cestry, they need no defense at my hands, ously as anyone possibly can. Aid to the in support -of his argument Winston nor at those of any other Member of this Allies; yes, but we will not send our sons Churchill's explanation of the defeat of body. Let me say that while they are a to help them; that is definite, and let Norway, where troops were landed, and peace-loving people who abhor war they the gentleman from Pennsylvania make then because of the destructiveness of have never been known to back away no mistake about it. · We in the North­ bombers they could not bring in any from any war for the preservation of our west favor defense for our country that reinforcements. He went into detail to country and its form of government that will make us impregnable and secure, but describe how a fleet going there would be was unavoidable. we oppose our country assuming the re­ bombed so badly that by the time it The Scandinavian countries of Europe sponsibility of policing the globe, and reached port and tried to land it would have ofttimes been referred to as the removing poverty from all the rest of the still be subject to bombs. Now, I believe cradle of· democracy and freedom. The world. I would suggest, at this point, that to be true. Then the importance of Scandinavians have never been serfs and to Mr. Roosevelt that he first abolish a two-ocean navy is considerably less- they know neither extreme wealth nor poverty ·at home. ened, is it not? · extreme poverty. Those who came to We will have none of that. Mr. WOODRUM of Virginia. I do not these shores have contributed their full Now, Mr. Chairman, I shall turn my think anything has happened which share toward the development of the remarks to the bill under consideration. lessens the necessity for a strong two­ great country we all love and whose in­ Let me call to your attention the mes­ ocean Navy. That is my judgment about tegrity we would die to preserve. sage of the President, dated September it. The gentleman from Pennsylvania may 15, wherein he reported on operations of The CHAIRMAN. The time of the not be aware that the early Scandinavian the Lend-Lease Act, as contained in gentleman from Virginia has again ex­ immigrants in the Northwest vpluntarily document 112, page 9. At the bottom of pired. organized a brigade that fought for the that page you will observe a table which Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield preservation of the Union back in the shows that of the $7,000,000,000 that 10 minutes to the gentleman from Minne­ sixties, and it is a historical fact that so Congress has appropriated as aid to Brit­ sota [Mr. KNUTSON]. many of the soldiers were so unfamiliar ain and her Allies, only $388,192,115 has Mr. KNUTSON. Mr. Chairman-­ with the English language that it was been expended, which is about 5% per­ Mr. ALLEN of Tilinois. Mr. Chairman, necessary to give the orders in Scandina­ cent. According to the President's re­ will the gentleman yield? vian. They were willing to fight for the port $2,555,587,895 have been obligated. Mr. KNUTSON. Briefly. preservation of the Union· and to do away This means that over $3,000,000,000 yet Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. A few years with slavery. remain available. That a large number of Americans of Notwithstanding that stupendous un­ back, when the national debt was less expended sum being available we are now than $30,000,000,000, there were many in­ Scandinavian ancestry do not approve of a policy that is rapidly drawing us into a asked ·to pass a second lend-lease appro­ dividuals who would take the floor on priation of $6,000,000,000, making a grand some $1,000,000 item and say that the war 3,000 miles away is to their credit. Treasury was about to go bankrupt. They They are a realistic people who refuse to total of $13,000,000,0QO for the Allies, or would say "If we continue to spend a few believe that there is danger of Hitler about $9,000,000,000 to be expended. In swimming 3,000 miles where he cannot the first lend-lease appropriation bill, as hundred thousand dollars, we will have I recall, we gave the P:t:esident $200,000,- repudiation, bankruptcy, and ruination." swim 20 miles. They would like to see Hitler and Stalin fight it out until they 000 to spend as he saw fit without any Now, these individuals, the ones who strings being attached by Congress. This stressed that philosophy the most, dur­ destroy each other. They do not believe in the ideologies of communism, nazi­ appropriation bill would give him an ad­ ing the debates yesterday and today have ditional $1,000,000,000 to handle as he not mentioned the question of economy ism, and fascism, which they consider to be intereen done? In a speech be­ pression. It will be remembered that 2,590 on January 1, 1941, it appears that fore the Chamber of Commerce of the the authorized strength of naval aircraft the 1941 plane-procurement program· is United States on April 30, 1941, Col. is now 15,000 and that the 1940 program .25 percent behind the schedule of 2, 712 John Jouett, president of the Aeronauti­ called for the procurement of about 7,000 planes for the first 8 months of the year. cal Chamber of Commerce of America, planes over a period of 2 years so as to In January 1941, Admiral Towers stated that in the first 20 months of the bring the total strength to around 10,000 stated that the delays were due to the war nearly 3,500 American-built mili­ planes. In July 1941 funds were appro­ following reasons: Shortage of tools, tary planes were exported to the British. priated for only 2,236 more planes. Yet shortage of tool-making personnel, de­ He evidently meant the whole British on May 22, 1941, according to the New lays in expansion of plants, 1ncreased en­ Empire, since Great Britain alone had by York Times, Secretary Knox "expressed gineering time on all modern aircraft no means received that many planes cor..fidence that the Navy would attain development, delays in furnishing raw from us by April. its 15,000-plane goal by July 1, 1943." materials, and failure of subcontractors Some time ago the President an­ What are the facts about the Navy's to meet obligations. In July, he stated nounced that we would divide our air­ procurement of airplanes? First, the that he no longer entertained the hope pJane production with the British 50-50. over-all strength. On January 1, 1940, that deliveries would pick up so that the It does not appear that that rule has the Navy had on hand 2,145 planes; on total year's delivery would approximate been applied to total production. On May 1, 1940, the number had grown to the total deliveries scheduled. one hand, it appears that the British only 2,300; and by July 1, 1940, it had Furthermore, on February 14, 1941, have been getting more than half of the slipped to 2,172, due mainly to transfers Admiral Towers appeared before the De­ combat plane production; it has been es­ to the British. On January 1, 1941, the ficiency Subcommittee of the House timated as high as 90 percent at times. Navy had 2,590 planes on hand, showing Committee on Appr6pirations in the On the other hand, the British have a net gain during the year 1940 of only h~aring~ on the fourth supplemental na­ probably not been getting half of the 445 planes. On May 1, 1941, naval-plane tional-defense appropr.iation bill, 1941, training planes produced.· So far the LXXXVII--491 7776 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 British have received little aid in the of modern light tanks on hand to 67, rifles, 24,494 machine guns, 62,988 anti­ form of aircraft under the Lend Lease but it still list€d only 18 modern medium aircraft machine guns, 200,500 revolvers, Act, for only $6,016,145 of aircraft anJ tanks. and millions of rounds ·of ammunition. aeronautical material was exported to In the past year the production of light But there was a crying need for up-to- them as of August 31, 1941. Further­ tanks has increased considerably. In . date o:rdnance of nearly every category. more, only $8,876,730 of aircraft and aer­ testifying before the House Committee on The munitions program of June 30, onautical material procured under the Military Affairs early in April 1941 both 1940, called for critical items of equip­ Lease Lend Appropriation Act and ap­ William S. Knudsen and John D. B ~ ggers ment, With some exceptions, for a force propriations made prior to March 11, of the 0. P. M. stated that light tanks of about 2,000,000 men, and the essential 1941, had been transferred as of August were then being produced at the rate of items of equipment for the theu protec­ 31, 194l. 100 a month. Later reports indicate that tive mobilization force of 1,200,000 men·. The failure of the administration's about 725 light tanks \Yere produced in Then the protective mobilization force airplane production program to meet the the year ending in May 1941. And the was increased to 1,418,000 and provision anticipated schedule;:; has kept the Brit­ 0. P.M. reported on August 23, 1941, that was made in October 1940 for the essen.:. ish from getting as many planes as they the one thousandth light tank had re­ tial items for the -expanded force. Iri expected and when they wanted them. cently been delivered. But the Army ap­ the appropriation made in June and Au­ But it also appears that the British have parently received only about one-half of gust of 1941 provision is made for all received preference in the delivery of the light tanks produced, for it is reliably critical items for the projected augment­ combat planes, so that our Army and reported that 500 have gone to the British, ed force of 3,000,000, with special reserves Navy Air Services are considerably short nearly all in Africa· and the Near East. beyond that, and essential items for the on up-to-date combat ships. It may well The monthly production of the light ta.nks expanded protective mobtlization force of be a good policy to give the British the is rumored to be now about 300 a month. 1,727,000 mtn. bomb~rs now, but the facts remain. It wm probably be another year before The munitions-procurement program True enough our production of military the Army gets even its original quota put into effect in the summer and fall of planes has trebled in the past year. But of about 3.500 light tanks. 1940 called for approximately the follow­ that is far less than was anticipated and In the summer and fall of 1940 con­ ing chief items of equipment: what the administration told us we would tracts were ~et to five or six companies for the production of- the M,-3 medium have. Scheduled de· tanks. Considerable time was necessary !tern Num· The tank ranks next to the airplane l::er livery date of as the most potent of the implements of to ~onstruct Jlants and tool up. But in final item _ modern mechanized warfare. -Taking a speech at the American Legion conven­ heed from the demonstrations of the Ger­ tion in Boston on September 23, 1940, Mortars, 81 mm ______3, 300 Fall of 1941. Rifles, M-1, Garand, semi~ 202, 559 Iuly 1941. mans, the Army has belatedly embarked William S. Kt:udsen said: automatic. Mortars, 60 mm ______10,000 Middle of 1942. upon an extensive program of mecha­ Eventually~ay, next spring or early next 37-mm. antitank glliL______summer--we will have medium tanks and a 4,600 Fall of 1942. nization and motorizat!.on. It has now £0-mm. antiaircraft______700 Do. organized 4 armored divisions and may few heavy ones. - 37-mm. antiaircraft ______:1,000 Middle of 1943. 3·inch antiaircraft______52 March 1£41. eventually have 8. In addition, 10 G. But by May 1941 only a few hand­ 37-mm. aircrn!t cannon. ______1,000 Spring of 19-13. 37-mm. tank cannon ______H. Q. tank battalions are planned. The made model M-3 medium tanks had 75-mm. tank gun ______0,000 Middle of 1942. original tank procurement program ap­ 2,500 Do. beer. turned out. The latest report is Pack howitzers, 75 ~mm ••••••• 1,000 Middle o! 1943. parently called for about 6,000 tanks. that 2 or 3 a day are being produced, 105-mm. howitzers ______2, 700 Fall of 1942. Light tanks to the number of 3,500 were l Ji5-mm. gun5. __------·------400 Mid rile of 1942. and September or October production 8-inch howitzPrs. ------50 Spring of 1942. to be acquired by early 1942 and 2,500 29 Middle nl1941. may reach 100. The optimists state that 8·inchMotor gunsvehicles __ · ·------______medium tankS were to be procured by by the end of the year monthly produc­ 230, GOO Late 19H. mid-1943. In his speech before the Na­ tion -of tanks may reach 500, half light tional Association of Manufacturers on and half medium. General Wessen, Of course, many additions and changes December 13, 1940, William S. Knudsen Chief of Ordnance of the Army, told the have been made since, but the table gives stated that including British orders then Senate Appropriations committee on placed the production of 9,200 tanks was a good idea of what the original program July 31, 1941, that the Army expected to was. called for under the defense program. have "well over a thousand of those At a press conference on November 1, medium tanks before the 1st of Janu­ What has been done? Unfortunately 1940, President Roosevelt stated that ary." This hardly seems probable in view the Army refuses to givt. out much in­ 4,900 light, medium, and heavy tanks of the way things are going now. How­ formation abuut the progress of thL ord­ were on order. He reJY.)rted that the ever, the newer model ,medium tank, the nance program, so it is hard to get a clear British had expected to buy 4,000 tanks T-6. will not get into production until picture of the situation. In May 1941 but their orders had been reduced to May 1942. the 0. E. M. published a pamphlet en­ 1,500. In July 1941 the Army asked for The heavy tanks which Knudsen said titled "Defense-One Year," which de­ funds for 1,500 more light tanks and we v;ould have this summer are still in scribed the ordnance program as follows:· 4,600 more medium tanks. Since Con­ the experimental stage and no orders Ordnance: Because they are ea'!iest to pro­ gress granted only half of the request have been placed. So, 2 years after the duce, machine guns, rifles, and ammunition· for the special ordnance equipment ab: ve war begaz . in Europe and more than a· are being turned out in vastly increased vol­ the demands of the proposed 3,000.000- year . after the start of the emergency umes. Powder output has risen 1,000 percent, man Army, it might be assumed that the small-arms ammunition 1,2u0 percent in less defense program, our tank-production than a year. Twice as many Garand rilles Army will order only about one-half of record is pitiful. The Army is being held are coming out monthly as in July 1940. The the 6.100 additional tanks originally re­ up in the organization and training of its out put of .30-caliber machine guns has quested. armored divisions and has to use light trebled, .50-caliber machine guns quadrupled. Despite this ambitious program tbe tanks for medium tanks itt maneuvers. Gains of 40 and 35 percent, respectively, have facts show that tank production is be­ At the start of the defense program been made in the manufacture of field and hind schedule and that the Army does last year the Army was very weak in antiaircraft artillery. not have the tanks to equip its newly modern up-to-da.te ordnance. The list That statement is not of much value, developed armored divisions. On May of equ ~ pment on hand on May 1, 1940, for it tells little or nothing about actu·al 1, 1940, the Army reported that it had showed a great dearth of antiaircraft production. In general, it seems that the only 10 modern light and 18 modern guns, effective field artillery, and nearly production of practically all types of mu­ medium tanks on hand. It did have, how­ every type of modern ordnance. We had nitions is unsatisfactory. Small-arms ever, perhaps 350 to 400 additional World large quantities of World War rifles, production is fairly good, but the heavy War tanks not suitable for combat but machine guns, revolvers, old French 75's, arms and ammunition situation i::; seri­ which could be used for training pur­ and small ammunition. These were of ous. The production of important anti­ poses. In September 1940 some 229 of some value, as is shown by the fact that aircraft, tank and antitank guns, and the World War tanks were sold to Can­ many were sold or turned over to the other artillery pieces is slow and unsatis­ ada for training purposes. By August 1, British. Prominent in that list as of factory. There is an urgePt need for all 1940, the Army had increased the number January 1, 1941, were 970,000 Enfield sorts of guns, particularly antiaircraft 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7777 guns, but quantity production is still far other administration officials have been which cannot be settled for some time to away. Many of the new guns being pro­ stressing the Navy's strength and boast­ come. duci d are unsatisfactory in some respects ing of its performance in patrolling the The Navy states that it had 353 combat and new ones are being planned and Atlantic. The enormous two-ocean Navy ships building on September 1, 1941. tested. Ordnance production is handi­ expansion program is under way. The Technically this is true since the Navy capped also by the fact that it rates be­ Navy proudly declares that "every v~s­ considers a ship building as soon as the low aircraft and shipping on the priori­ sel authorized by law has been contracted contract is awarded. But it may be sev­ ties list. for" and that it has 353 combat ships eral weeks or months after the contract. In the past year the Army has refused building. The public is also inform~d is awarded before the keel is laid. The to give out much information on the that the scheduled time for building all Eleven-Percent Expansion Act of June number of guns on hand and· being pro­ classes of combat ships has been short­ 14 1940, was substantially geared to the. duced. A list of guns and items on hand ened considerably. estimated normal productive capacity of August 1, 1910, was published and it But without disparaging the Navy's American shipyards in the 2 years 1940-:- showed very few increases over May 1, strength it should be pointed out that 42. .To add the Seventy-Percent Expan-· 19 ·~{). The following bits of information there are serious faults in the Navy to­ sion Act of July 19, 1940, to already_ about the progress of the ordnance pro­ day and that the expansion program is· crowded ways meant that few of the grl?.m have been gleaned from various not proceeding as smoothly as it could newly authorized ships could actually be. sources: and should be. In the first place, it 1~ now started until new ways were provided. As First. The Army's antiaircraft defense admitted that the Navy is not ready and a result not a single keel of a ship au­ until recently has depenC.ed upon about will not be ready for some time to give thorized by either the Eleven-Percent or' 500 of the old 3-inch-type guns, which its combatant ships the type of antiair­ the Seventy-Percent" Expansion Act was: are good up to 15,000 to 18,000 feet, but (miff protection which modern w~rfar~ laid in 1940. Even today several of the which have been largely outn..oded by has dictated as desirable. Secondly, i~ ships authorized by the Eleven-Percen~ the advent of high-altitude bombers. . inust be r~membereg that for a co_nsid~r;· . Act have not had their keels laid. And; The Army has adopted the moderrr-90- able period the two-ocean Navy as con­ apparently, only the keels of 8 destroyers: mm.. gun. as basic for antiaircraft de­ templated in law must·remain a s~ategic- . authorized by the Seventy-Percent Act ·fense. The original program called for dream rather than. a reality. Thirdiy, had been laid before April 1, 1941. It 700 of these, but it is reported that 1,200 there are serious bottlenecks in the ex­ will not·be until late 1942 at the earliest are now orr order. But only a few have pansion program, such as m.achine tools that even a destroyer authoriz~d by the yet been delivered, and the War Depart­ and armor plate, which are holding . up Two-Ocean Navy Act will be delivered to' ment conilrms President Roosevelt's ship construction and keeping the build­ the fleet. statement that an average of only 61 will ing time schedules from being reduced be produced in each of the next 1 months. On August 10, 1941, the Navy stated as much as they should. And, finally, to the press that the construction of the It will :Je several months before we will the airplane procurement program, as have sufficient of these guns to protect ships for the two-ocean fleet had been already noted, is 25 percent behind speeded up so much, that barring labor. r the city of New York alone, which, it is schedule. said, would require 300. Large nurn bers trouble or actual war, the two-ocean fleet are needed in the Canal Zone. More­ It is now generally admitted, even by will be completed in 1944, 2 to 3 years over, the British contend that the 90- the Secretary of the Navy, that the Navy ahead of the originally scheduled ·date mm. gun will fall at least 6,000 feet short has underestimated the effectiveness of of 1946-47. It was admitted, however, of the necessary range for fighting aircraft against ships and has failed to that some of the 17 battleships author-. modern bombers. The Army is now provide enough protection for antiair­ ized and perhaps some other large units turning toward the larger and more craft crews on the decks of its vessels as will not be completed at the earlier date. powerful 4.7-inch antiaircraft -gun, but well as adequate antiaircraft guns. The To say that the two-ocean Navy will Navy is trying to correct this mistake but be ready in 1944, when several battle­ at latest reports such gun had not even ships and "other large units" will not been ordered, and it wm be over a year it takes time to produce the guns. The new ships are being reasonably well taken be constructed then, is certainly mis­ before we can hope to get any. leading. What are the facts which the Second. The Army plans call for the care of but there is the problem of strengthening the antiaircraft defenses people should know? Although 17 bat­ replacement of the famous French 75- tleships are technically building we shall mm. gun with a new 105-mm. howitzer. of the older ships. Recently the Navy was given $300,000,000 to improve the get only the North Carolina and the None was on hand either in May or Au­ Washington in 1941, 1 or 2 in 1942, 2 or gust of 1940 and the first model was antiaircraft defenses of 58 vessels, includ­ ing 15 battleships, 6 aircraft carriers, 18 3 in 1944, 2 or 3 in 1945, and 4 in 1946 turned out in May of 1941. Only a few or early 1947. How can we have the have been delivered, and it will be in heavy cruisers, and 19 light cruisers. This program will take 5 years to com­ two-ocean fieet in 1944 with 6 or 7 bat­ 1942 that we will get quantity production, tleships still building? Under revised 200 a month. plete. The program will require some 452 5-inch guns and many 1.1-inch guns. construction schedules deliveries in the Third. In J.ntitank guns production is The whole program will ·have to wait on 3 calendar years 1941, 1942, and 1943 centering on the 37-mm. type, which the the guns, and the 5-inch guns only will probably total151 destroyers, 19 light Army now admits to be ineffective against started coming in April 1941. cruisers, and 15 submarines. This heavily armored tanks. In July 1941 only schedule may and should be improved 72 were produced and in August 160. The Navy also received $75,888,820 in upon somewhat, but the fact remains The schedule calls for 260 in September the Fifth Supplemental National Defense that the two-ocean Navy is still a stra­ and 320 in Octcber. The Army has now Appropriation Act, 1941, to arm mer­ tegic dream which can hardly be realized adopted 3-inch and 4.5-inch antitank chant vessels taken over by the Navy. in 1944. A great deal of publicity was guns, but General Wesson stated to the Such a program will require 1,445 guns given to the commissioning, in April and Senate Appropriations Committee on and 1,344 mounts above those on hand or May of 1941, of the two battleships August 1, 1941, that it would be October on order. Admiral Blandy testified on North Carolina and Washington. But it or November before the contracts are March 11, 1941, that it will take 29 must be remembered that commission. placed. In the meantime we are spend­ months to complete the job. It will be ing does not make a ship ready for ac­ ing $4,600 apiece for the 37-mm. anti­ 15 months before the guns start coming tion. The ships must have their trial tank guns, which may be practically in quantity and then it will take another runs and gunnery practice, which the useless. 14 months to get them. North Carolina recently went through. Fourth. On May 16, 1941, the first 20- Furthermore, the Navy has recently Both battleships were still classed as mm. automatic aircraft cannon ever pro­ informed Congress that "some antiair­ building on September 1, 1941. The con­ duced in the United States was delivered craft equipment and ammunition is be­ tracts were let on August 1, 1937; more to the Army. hind schedule, due primarily to lack of than 4 years has elapsed and they still As compared to the Army, the Navy is machine tools." The lack of adequate are not ready. It is fair to assume that far better prepared, and could undoubt­ antiaircraft defense is a serious factor the Navy never expected that the ships edly give a good account of itself in case which must be taken into account in a would be completed and in actual service of need. Secretary of the Navy Knox and patrol program. It is a pressing problem before late this fall or in the early winter. 7778 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 The NaVY intimates that practically not be until 1942 that the Charleston 000 in the. Defense Aid Supplemental every ship is ahead of schedule and that plant will be producing large quantities Appropriation Act of March 25, 1941. the construction time on the new men­ of armor plate. The NavY has entered Now that practically a half year has of-war has been cut by an average of into contracts for the expansion of pri­ elapsed since the $7,000,000,000. was made 12% percent for each vessel. Battle­ vate armor plate production facilities, available for lend-lease operation, we ships are now expected in 48 months as and it is expected that by sometime in may weu · ask what has been done with compared to 54 or 56 months before. 1942 the annual productive capacity will the money. How much aid has been Contracts now placed call for the com­ be more than quadrupled-from 20,000 given to the British and other nations? pletion of our newest cruisers within 32 tons to 84,000 tons. We are now produc­ On June 11, 1941, President Roosevelt to 33 months as compared with 40 iiig 4,700 tons per month, or at the rate reported to Congress, as required by law, months ::S years ago. Submarine tuild­ of 56,400 tons a year. that only $75,202,426 worth of defense ing time is now 23 to 33 months as com­ The Navy admits that the shortage of articles had been transferred to other pared to 29 to 36 months 3 years ago. · armor plate is holding up the construc­ countries under the Lease Lend Act as And the Navy expects to build de­ tion program, particularly of battleships of May 31, 1941. Of this amount only stroyers in 18 months while it used to be and cruisers. Secretary of the Navy Knox $10,729,684 came from funds provided about 24 to 30 months. wrote Senator BYRD on October 2, 1940: by the $7,000,000,000 appropriation of Significant as these gains are it should The armor capacity will not be sufficient to March 25, 1941, while $64,472,742 came be noted that the original building sched­ meet the requirements of the building pro­ from appropriations made prior to March ules were set some time ago on the gram on the dates desired. 11, 1941. On September 15, 1941, at least basis of a one-shift, 40-hour week for Rear Admiral Blandy, Chief of the Bu­ 4 days late-the President reported to labor and the old rate of armor-plate reau of Ordnance, testified before the Congress that as of August 31, 1941, only production. Now three shifts of 6 House Committee on Naval Affairs on $246,394,372 of defense articles had been days-48 hours a week-are being used July 11, 1941, that the shortage will hold transferred to other nations. Of this so that the gain in time constitutes only up the construction of battleships for amount $148,584,649 came from the a small portion of the increased labor probably 2 more ·years. The admiral $7,000,000,000 fund and $97,809,723 from being applied. Take, for instance, the stated: appropriations made prior to March 11, construction of a battleship. It used to 1941. An additional $78.169,378 in aid . take about 54 to 56 months to build and The delay amounts on some battleships to as much as a year. Present indications was provided in the form of completed now the schedule calls for 48 months, are that the Iowa (23 percent complete) may defense services and partial transfers on about a 15-percent reduction in the con­ be delayed 8 or 10 months for lack of armor. defense projects. Actual exports totaled struction time. Yet by working three only $190,447,670 as of August 31, 1941. shifts there is a potential increase of The admiral also admitted that there These :figures indicate clearly that ac­ labor by 200 percent. Actually thi.:; is not was some shortage in the production of tual aid to the British under the Lease the case, for the second and third shifts rolled plates, under 3 inches, which are Lend Act in the :first half year has been are smaller than the :first. Furthermore, used for light vessels. But the Navy is comparatively little. Furthermore, the the rate of production of armor plate trying to adjust armor manufacture so as figures show that more than a half of the is being increased so that construction not to delay the construction of destroY­ value of defense articles transferred, schedules should be reduced still more. ers and other light vessels. But battle­ $128,465,806, is accounted for by food and In view of these circumstances the an­ ships are. definitely being held up, an.d other nonmunition articles. Only $8,- nounced reduction in building time is the situation will not improve for prob­ 876,730 worth of aircraft and aeronauti­ not as impressive as would appear on the ably 2 more years. cal material was transferred and only surface. In view of these factors it is difficult to $6,016,145 exported. And the total The construction program is being put much credence in the administra­ amount for all types of munitions and held up by the shortage of machine tools tion's boasting of efficiency in the naval military and naval services is, indeed, and armor plate. On July 11, 1941, Cap­ construction program . .The speed-up is small. tain Allen, Budget officer of the Navy, but a part of what it should be. And the "Although $6,281,237,421 of the $7,000,- submitted the following statement to the administration is either deceiving itself 000,000 fund has been allocated, $3,555,- House Appropriations Subcommittee or trying to deceive the American people 587,895 obligated, and $388,912,115 ex­ holding hearings on the first supplemen­ by promises of a two-ocean Navy in 1944. pended, the important fact is that only tal national defense appropriation bill In view of the administration's policy $324,563,750 of articles and services have for 1942: of patrolling the Atlantic and trying to been transferred and only $190,447,670 Machine tools: This program is progress­ keep Axis warships out of "our waters," iu defense articles exported as of August ing slowly. During the first 5 months of it is imperative that great emphasis be 31. 1941. The President may talk of the this year, only 40 percent of those due were placed upon destroyers. The Navy is flow of defense goods abroad becoming delivered. This is at present one of the speeding up the construction of destroy­ a torrent, but it is now no more than a vital controlling factors of production. ers and light cruisers at the expense of trickle. Despite its declarations of the Since the lack of such tools holds up heavy cruisers and battleships. It is urgency of the need, the administration construction all along the line, it can building 40 extra destroyers under the has ·failed to provide · the sinews of war readily be seen that this constitutes a 11 percent and 70 percent expansion acts for Britain under the Lease Lend Act very important bottleneck in the naval by using some 70,000 tons left over after just as it has failed to provide the badlY expansion program. If this bottleneck is the contracts were let for other types needed defense articles for our own not broken and machine tools delivered of ships. But although it is reported armed forces. to the Navy, we cannot get a two-ocean that a destroyer was recently completed I want to direct your attention as the Navy in the time estimated. in 10 months, it still takes, on the aver­ full summary is given to the pathetio The production of armor plate also age, about 18 months to build them. Our record of production in the Navy aircraft constitutes a very serious bottleneck in total strength of destroyers, new and :field. Oh, there have been excuses given the naval construction program. When old, is 168; 196 are building and the and reasons have been advanced, but the the two-ocean NavY was authorized heavy completed two-ocean Navy will carry fact of the matter is we do not have the armor production was barely sufficient for 364. The Navy states that we will be planes. If the records of the past are to the completion of two capital ships a building at the rate of 100 a year by be a standard or criterion for the future, year, although the productive capacity the end of 1943. But only 12 have been it looks as though a lot of our pilots will had been doubled between 1938 and 1940. commissioned so far this year and the have to use something other than air­ The Government's own armor plant at schedule calls for about 45 in 1942 and a planes to do their flying. South Charleston, W. Va., had been idle total of 151 by the end of 1943. I refer in passing to the Navy situation since the World War period. It was not With the passage of the Lend Lease I repeat an expression of confidence such until late October 1939 that a contract Act on March 11, 1941, the policy of giv­ as was voiced by the distinguished gen­ was entered into to put the plant in or­ ing material assistance to Britain was tleman from Virginia with reference to der. It was not until June 1940 that made a definite part of our national­ Admiral Stark. I believe just as he does preparations for the production of armor defense program. To carry out the about Admiral Stark, but I am just a bit plate were actually begun. And it will policy Congress appropriated $7,000,000,- concerned as to what the latitude and 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .7779 the power of the Chief of Naval Opera­ startling but not surprising. How could relations with the business ,leaders, whom tions may be. I am wondering whether it be. otherwise when we consider some the President has drafted, have been per­ the administrative part of that establish­ of the fundamental philosophies of the mitted to grow like malignant sores. The ment is hitting on all fours in the same administration? . Today the administra­ geniu,s of the productive leadership of splendid way that the operations are tion is reaping the harvest of its own sow­ the Nation has been forced to accommo­ functioning. The lag has not been due ing. And the Nation must suffer from the date itself to the capricious demands of to men like Admiral Stark. It has not ingathering. The bone a!td sinew, the impractical theorists. Some of the re­ been due to the bureau chiefs. They can strength and sturdiness of a people, are formers have threatened to break off dip­ only go as far as the administrative poli­ weakened and worn away by profligacy lomatic relations with the clear-thinking, cies will permit. I do not believe that just as the wealth of a nation is wasted common-sense, practical business exec­ Admiral Robinson, for instance; in charge by the adoption of the extravagant style utives. Men whose records of adminis­ of construction and repair of ships in of a spendthrift. What the prodigal trative _incompetency have shocked every the Navy, is to be held accountable for frittered away in dollars was only a part fair-minded citizen have been entrust­ the action taken at Kearny. That of the heritage he dissipated in riotous ed with even larger responsibilities than comes from higher up. But let us look living. His confidence, his self-reliance, those with which they previously es­ for a minute at what this program of his independence-the characteristics tablished their shameful -failures. A the Navy is to be. I throw out this ques­ which gave him a claim to an inheritance well-manned and a well-paid publicity tion to those of you who have good mem­ were bankrupted by the process which staff maintained-at the expense of the ories. no· you remember what the Presi­ emptied his purse. Industry is not the taxpayers has carefully concealed the dent's attitude was when the proposal child of indolence. Thrift is not the off­ frictions, the contentions, the jumble, and was made for a two-ocean Navy? Look spring of indulgence. Competency· does the disorder which has resulted in wasted up the record. After all, probably it not come from coddling. And courage time, effort; and money. The inaugura­ would be better for you to convince your­ is not rooted in the contentment of an tion of a plan carries with 1t the respon­ selves than to permit me to try to per­ unearned comfort. -Men become strong sibility for its adequate and efficient exe­ suade you. Go back of the record and as they discipline themselves by hardship cution. The more serious the plan the see what the attitude was when the pro­ and toil. For almost a decade the Gov­ greater the responsibility. No better posal was first made that we might es­ ernment has condoned indolence, taken stimulant could be provided for the tablish a two-ocean Navy. pride in its indulgences, boasted of its morale of our people than the assurance · That two-ocean Navy prQgram is a co­ coddling, and given every encouragement which springs from competent and com­ lossal program. I realize that. It will to claims for unearned comforts. mon-sense adm-inistration. not be built, it will not be completed, · The pathetic record now before us To those who are concerned about the it will not be floating on the words and compels a reference t(} the antagonism to maintenance of the morale of our peo­ provocative utterances of the Secretary private enterprise and the sabotage of ple, so much concerned as to whether of the Navy. It will get to floating by our industrial machine which highlighted some cold, hard fact will disturb that the brain and brawn of the great indus­ the administration's policies .prior to the morale, let me say that concealment con­ trial machine of America. It will pro­ inauguration of the. rearmament pro­ tributes nothing to confidence. vide se.curity for our people when the gram. Those forces which have recently Obviously, our defense program is leadership of the Nation challenges that been called upon to respond in the emer­ closely related to our foreign policies. brain or brawn to do its utmost to get gency had for a long time been discred­ They are a part of each other. They are that Navy afloat. All the words and ited, abused, and maligned. _ Of course, bound up together. To attempt to sep­ phrases of the Secretary of the Navy will it is absurd to think that these policies arate the one from the other is impos­ not turn one gun or lay one keel. would not have their after effect. Has sible. A part of our foreign policy has The Secretary of the Navy has made not the Government suggested a distrust been imposed upon us by the President. some estimates. He has made some of businessmen and a di~regard for busi­ In part it has had congressional approval. promises, but it is now generally admit­ ness methods? Fields of discontent and In part it has been evolved without the ted, even by the Secretary of the Navy, dissatisfaction between management and action or the concurrence of the Con­ that the Navy has miscalculated the ef­ men were made fertile for the seeds gress. If the latter course is persisted fectiveness of aircraft against ships and which have yielde-d their harvest of agi­ in, either by direction or indirection, the has failed to provide enough protection tations, disagreements, and prolonged impotency of the legislative arm of the for antiaircraft crews on the decks of work stoppages. Is it surprising that the Government will become a painful fact its vessels, as well as adequate aircraft objectives which were established more rather than a dangerous threat. Our guns. The Navy is trying to correct this than a year ago have not been attained? . duty is to be on guard against this mistake,· but it takes time to produce the The surprising thing is that we have ac­ eventuality. - This · is especially true as guns. complished as much as we have. But, we realize the significance of the record despite the optimistic estimates, the cun­ of the objectives and the accomplish­ Right in point, let me say I in no sense ning evasions, the accumulated excuses, ments of the defense program. To dis­ want to intrude upon the prerogatives we do not have the planes, the tanks, and miss this record unconcernedly or to dis­ of the Foreign Affairs Committee, but the guns now which were planned for regard it complacently would invite dan­ the occ'asion simply prompts passing ref­ and which the administration promised ger. Certainly it should be a deterrent erence. This matter of a change in the we would have. And the American peo­ to those who impetuously and, as I see Neutrality Act is going to require guns if it, imprudently urge steps of a more this new proposal is to be carried out. ple have the right to ask why? But, in addition to the evident effects drastic nature. Weapons, not words, [Here the gavel fell.] of the policies of the past, there are pres­ make for security. Mr. DITTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield ent-day factors which must be taken into To close our eyes to present-day perils rr.yself 10 additional minutes. account. We have been told the program would be suicidal. Our every effort And those are guns in addition to the which has been undertaken requires our should be directed to the production of present needs of the Navy. total effort. As yet there has been noth­ a defense adequate for our every need in I have tried to give you the facts in ing done to establish a coordinated or­ any emergency. This was my position the case. It is the evidence on which ganization with proper authority to chal­ long before the fateful days of 1939. I you can pass judgment. That evidence lenge such an effort. Things have been have consistently maintained that posi­ is unimpeachable. going on at sixes and sevens. Hit or miss tion. I believe it to be one of common It proves that the administration's per­ has been the order of the day. First sense .. But common sense also dictates formance is sadly out of step with its things have not been put first. We have following a course which does not ignore promises. It is a pathetic record-all the a cyclone of contending interests and of pertinent facts and figures, which is more pathetic as we contemplate not competitive ambitions. The tumult of cold-bloodedly realistic rather than fan­ only the lost effort but the lost time, and the confusion has been deafening. In­ tastically idealistic, which permits a as we realize the potential driving force stead of a pulling together there has been study of the chart and compass of ex­ which could have been developed had it a pulling in opposite directions. Jeal­ perience, and which sets as its destina­ been properly set in motion and compe­ ousies and antipathies on the part of tion a port that can be reached. tently directed. It is a record which is selfish and ambitious appointees in their [Here the gavel fell.] 7780 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9· Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield States of America. It might lead to that limit in our production to meet these and such time as he may desire to the gen­ unity, without which we are lost. It our other defense needs. tleman from Vermont [Mr. PLUMLEY]. might save us as a Nation. Some people I desire right here and now to direct Mr. PLUMLEY. Mr. Chairman, for definitely and positively believe this iS your attention to a portion of the report me to take part in this discussion at this the way out. which is entitled to your consideration as time reminds me of a somewhat similar We are at war. Why not declare it, well as that of ev:ery citizen. situation in which I found myself in a they say? E:fcept for the fact that I The estimates upon which the $5,985,000,- political campaign in Vermont some hate to recognize that war-crazy, brutal 000 is predicated have been prepared by the years ago when our colleague the gen­ beast, Hitler, as an antagonist entitled agencies of the Government entrusted with tleman from New York, JoHN TABER, the to such recognition as is ordinarily ac­ that duty by the President, have been passed ranking Republican member of the Ap­ corded in warfare to an honorable enemy, upon by the Office of Production Management propriations Committee, had delivered a I might favor it. as to manufactured articles, and have been very scholarly, forceful, and effective ad­ Reserving the right to change my reviewed by the Division of Defense Aid Re­ dress, to be followed by our distinguished mind, I am inclined to think I might be ports and the Bureau of the Budget and by the President. They were prepared after con­ colleague -the gentleman from Missouri, outspokenly for such action by Congress. sultation with the representatives of the na­ DEWEY SHORT, WhO had them all "down I would listen to wiser counsel. It pres­ tions proposed to be aided. The committee at the altar" and who wound up by say­ ently seems to me, however, that such has been given as complete a list of necessary ing, "Let us then follow Jefferson, Lin­ a move possibly would clarify and solid­ defense articles as it is possible to furnish in coln, and Theodore Roosevelt," and so ify the situation. Without such action, connection with an operation of this magni­ forth. Then the chairman of the meet­ I am afraid we are bound to blunder tude and character. It should be remem­ ing said, "We will now hear from our along, some for and some against, ununi­ bered that defense aid is the furnishing of material aid to nations that are engaged in Congressman, Mr. PLUMLEY." I said, "I fied, playing politics, and fanning the fire fighting a crucial war. No one has the vision am in favor of following Jefferson and of retribution. or imagination to foresee to a nicet y what Lincoln and Theodore Roosevelt, but if Of course, every man has a right to the specific requirements will be. The thea­ anybody wants to follow DEWEY SHORT his own opinion as to what he should say ters of action shift and as they change the they may take my place." and do. That does not mean, however, specific requirements are altered. One of So I feel now that if any of you would that he can forever cram down my the outstanding characteristics of this war like to follow the distinguished gentle­ throat, without a protest, his obvious is the element of surprise. The territorial extent is vast and the moves are not pub­ man from Pennsylvania [Mr. DITTER] intent to hamstring national defense be­ lished in advance. It is not possible to bring who has just preceded me, who has just cause of his selfish disinclination to face to the House the same kind of a statement made a record-making-breaking speech facts or because of his deep-seated an­ as to the minute purposes of the appropria­ that is entitled to, and that deserves, and tagonism to any foreign policy promul­ .tions for lend-lease as it is in connection should have, the consideration of every gated by this adminiStration. with our regular governmental appropria­ voter, you may take my place. Hear me when I tell you that we will tions. It would be misleading to do so be­ Smoke screen it as you will or may fight with our dollars now, or our men cause those who are charged with the ad­ If ministration of these funds would be denied and hide behind your alibis as you see fit later. we do not fight with our dollars the flexibility in administration which is so to do or not, yet this is. an appro­ now-and until we are bled white if highly essential if the purposes for which priation for national defense. Are you necessary-then the time will surely the funds are granted are to be achieved opposed to it? Are you for it? Or have come when those so obtuse as not now within the time limits of prompt action and you an alibi to offer? The American to appreciate their own danger will rue to meet the constantly recurring emergencies people have a right to know where you the day they preferred to save a dollar that arise from day to day due to changes in stand. Hitler knows. . rather than a life. That is what it the direction and character of the combat. breaks down to in the last analysis. It The committee has gone over the require­ Incidentally, for your information if ments in as great detail as it is possible for not your comfort, I recall that in Pick­ does not make sense. them to be presented. Most of the data wick Papers a certain Dickens character, The amounts covered by this bill di­ supplied are of a highly confidential nature hard pressed, was heard to say, "Oh, rectly traceable to national defense total and they must be. kept so. The public dis­ Sammy, Sammy, vy warnt there a $6,152,383,495, a staggering sum; but in cussion of them will not contribute to the alleby?" my judgment America is worth it. success of the nations we are aiding in our The committee report covers the items own defense, and the divulgence of them We hear a lot abOut the cost of war. may contribute unwittingly to the plans of What should startle you complacent but does not magnify the fact that of the those whom we are seeking to defeat. complainers into a realizing sense of the tremendous sum a subtotal of $5,985,000,- present is, What will a Hitler peace cost? 000 is for the purpose of enabling the The!l, again, let me call your attention What about the price of liberty? Are President to furnish aid to those coun­ to the following statement, also incorpo­ you for it? What are you willing to tries whose defense he may deem vital to rated in the committee report: pay? We must agree with Cervantes our own defense, pursuant to the provi­ The sum of $5,985,000,000 in this bill, plus that, "It is past all controversy that what sions of an act to promote the defense of the $7,000,000,000 heretofore appropriated for costs dearest is and ought most to be the United States, approved March 11, lend-lease, makes a total of $12,985,000,000. valued." 1941. The resources of the United States, · This is a large amount and to many, it may These debates involving national de­ and that means your pocket, are defi­ seem it should be sufficient. The committee nitely committed to that end. There wishes to be frank with the House and the fense are no radio forums held for the country. The hearings disclosed that so long delectation of the public, or for the ex­ shall be no turning back. as the present con:flict goes on it will be nec­ ploitation of one's pet idiosyncracies. As is well said in the committee re­ essary to provide additional funds. The There has been too much idle talk. port: amount allowed in this bill is estimated to We are down to brass tacks. We are In any consideration of the magnitude of be obligated by March of 1942, at which time voting the people's money for their de­ the con:fiict raging in the world, one signifi­ it is now contemplated that additional funds fense. They know it. The time for cant fact stands out. The forces of produc­ will be requested. The program is one of everything else has long gone by, though tion will determine the outcome. Munitions continuous planning, continuous production, too many do not sense it or realize the superiority must be achieved to insure the and continuous delivery to implement fight­ defeat of the Axis. Production in the coun­ ing forces with everything at our command fact that we are at war, willy-nilly, The tries opposed to the Axis has not reached the in the form of defense articles. The fiow people are not so dumb as some folks point at this time to achieve this. Germany must be steady, increasing, and effective. · In think. has for several years been devoting the effort this connection the committee desires to Yet, do you know, I sometimes· think of approximately one worker out of every two quote from the very pertinent testimony of it may take a declaration of war to waken to her war effort and is now aided by the the Chief of Staff of the Army, General the American people to a realization of subjugated labor of many m1Ilions in the Marshall: the peril that stalks them day and night. nations she has overrun. The battle of pro­ "The War Department has foreseen the duction must intensify and increase until necessity for additional appropriations for That applies to us, their representatives, the torrent of war supplies pouring from this defense-aid purposes from the time the orig­ particularly, for, after all, the people are country and the aided nations completely inal requirements for defense aid were pre­ substantially of one mind. overwhelms the productive efforts of the Axis. sented to the Department. The allocations A declaration of war would put all Our first line of defense lies in the lend-lease made to the War Department from the and each of us for or against the United operations. We must move forward to the amounts appropriated under the Defense Aid 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7781 Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1941, were Barre ·Times of Monday, October 6, as the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. inad'equate to meet the demands upon the follows: DITTER] has told you the story. Department by those countries approved for aid under the act. The amounts proposed in Declaring that "we should untie our hands We will take care of the New Deal ex­ these estimates are still inadequate to meet so we can fight to defend ourselves," Con­ travagance and mismanagement and those requirements of the countries request­ gressman CHARLES A, PLUMLEY clearly made communism, and corruption after this ing aid, which have been recommended after known his stand on repeal of the Neutrality war is over, el"'-Mexico __ ------531,818 53,181,800 Fogarty Martin, Iowa Vreeland­ New York ______13, 471l, 142 1, 347, 914, 200 Folger Mason Ward North Carolina ______3, 571, 623 357, 162, 300 EXH_IBIT III Ford, Merritt Wene North Dakota ______641, 935 e4, 193,500 LelandM. Mitchell West OhioOklahoma ______------_ 6, 907,612 690, 761, 200 Cost of $13,000,000,000 lease-lend program Ford, Nichols Wheat 2, 336,434 233, 643, 400 to each county of the Ninth Congressional Thomas F. O'Day White Oregon ______------1,089, 684 108, 968, 400 District of Mtchigan on per capita cost basis Geyer, Calif. O'Leary Winter PRhodeennsylvania_------Island ______9,{)()0, 180 990, 018, 000 Gifford Patman Youngdahl 713, 346 71,334,600 Patrick South Carolina ______1,899,804 189, 980, 400 Gilchrist South Dakota ______Popula­ Granger Pearson 642,961 64,296,100 County tion, 1940 Cost Tennessee ______----______2, ll15, 841 Zlll, 584,100 Patton Pfeifer, census Grant, Ind. Jo ~ eph L. TUtahexas.------______6, 414, 824 641, 482, 400 550,310 55,031,000 Harrington Rabaut 359,231 35,923,100 NewaygoMuskegon ______••• ------_ 94,501 $9,450,100 Accordingly the Committee rose; and Washington ______2,677, 773 276,777,300 Oceana ______19,286 1, 928,600 ~f:~~~======1, 736, 191 173, 619, 100 14,812 1,481, 200 the Speaker pro tempore [Mr. McCoR­ 1, 901,974 190, 197,400 Wexford_ •• ------17,976 1, 797,600 MACK] having assumed the chair, Mr. ~?::0~~~~!~======:::::: 3,137, 587 313, 758, 700 Lake ____ ------4, 798 479,800 Missaukee •••••••••••••----- 8,034 803,400 BLAND, Chairman of the Committee of 194.1 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7785 the Whole House on the state of the Un­ do the legislative part by' making the Mr. KNUTSON. Mr. Chairman, will ion, reported that that Committee having money legally available and assessing the the gentleman yield? had under consideration the bill (H. R. taxes to meet this great emergency need. Mr· O'CONNOR. I yield. 5788) making supplemental appropria­ What is the task we have set for our­ Mr. KNUTSON. It is four times the tions for the national defense for the fis­ selves? We are the arsenal of freedom. total value, may I say to the gentleman. cal years ending June 30, 1942, and June We have determined to use our productive That amount is $15,000,000,000 and this 30, 1943, and for other purposes, and capacity to stop Hitlerism. It was our as­ is $66,000,000,000. finding itself without a quorum, he had surance from the beginning that there is Mr. COFFEE of Nebraska. I want to directed the roll to be called, when 315 ·sufficient manpower in the Old World .correct the gentleman. The total value J Members answered to their names, a eager to fight aggression and safeguard ol all farm lands and buildings in the quorum, and he submitted herewith the their own freedom, if weapons were made United States, according to the last cen­ names of the absentees to be spread upon available for all. If American labor and sus, is $33,000,000,000. the Journal. capital falls down completely in the task Mr. KNUTSON, I thought the gentle­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. The ·that America has assigned for herself, our ·man was talking about-the value of the · Committee will resume its session. labor may not remain free very long and farms. It is four times the value of all Accordingly the House resolved itself our capital will not exist much longer to the farms. into the Committee of the Whole House pay any taxes or yield any profits, and we Mr. O'CONNOR. I regret to be com­ on the state of the Union, with Mr. shall have failed in our task no matter pelled to say that the bill up for con­ BLAND in the chair. how many men may be called on to com­ sideration is not entirely an honest -Mr. CANNON·of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ ·plete it after our initial failure. It is yet · :one, 'in· that lease-lend _material for ~ man, I yield to the gentleman from Ari­ time for American labor and manage- -foreign countries is coupled· in the same - zona [Mr. MuRDOCK] such time as he may ·ment, without the use of our soldiers to . measure with funds for the defense of · desire. carry through to Victory. If we fail in our own country. I doubt if there would · Mr. MURDOCK. Mr. Chairman, in · ·production,we.may fail in the alternative -be a vote cast against items carried in spite of the distressing fact that so little · . of battle. · If we are ultimately forced to · ·this bill ·for our own defense. -I have · of the war materials which we have_pro­ ·battle with armies for our very existence, ·consistently supported and will continue · duced for our allies have reached them the present slow factors of production - ·to support all measures that are de- - from the :first lease-lend bill, yet I favor will be to blame. It is with this in the signed to build up our national defense. the appropriations to the present measure 'back of my mind that I am willing to When the lease-lend bill was under ­ to make war upon aggression and to help :vote for this supplemental appropriation. consideration it was said that there was · our allies. It is more than a distressing That is the thought in my mind but the no harm in passing it as Congress would fact, however, that so small a part of what emotion which :fills my soul is-for God's still hold the purse strings. Yes, theo­ we have already voted for defense against sake, for our country's sake, for our cwn retically this is true, but, of course, only aggression in the $7,000,000,000 lease-lend · sake, American businessmen, American in theory. A message to the Congress bill-probably less than two hundred mil­ laboring men, American officials, ·wake for $6,000,000,000 or any other sum of lion has been sent where we want it· to up, produce the goods and furnish the Americans' hard-earned money put into go-it is more than a distressing fact­ implements of our national security. material that will be sent to foreign it may be a tragic fact, if it should result · Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ countries, or the money itself, is about all in failure to give sufficient aid to our man, I yield 15 minutes to the gentle­ that is required for the Congress to act. · hard-pressed friends in the very critical man from Montana [Mr. O'CONNOR]. Of course hearings were held in an at­ time when aid is most needed. Mr. O'CONNOR. Mr. Chairman, I tempt to justify such a move. Now let us Why has only about 3 percent of what want to assure you that I did not make assume that we want to help Britain in we intended to produce and send them ac­ the. point of no quorum. every way we can short of war, which I tually been sent to them? I have heard First, I want to read some figures that am willing to do, yet I do not want to many explanations. Of course, I know are included in a bulletin dated October give her one thing that she is not in that thi~ . great industrial country has been 1941, issued by the National City Bank need of. No representatives. of those organi~ed on a peacetime basis and I of New York: governments that we are helping or no know that it is a very difficult thing in The authorized defense program has now person from those countries appeared such a vast country as ours to convert reached a total of $56,536,000,000, according before this committee to show need. it into wartime economy. I am willing to the latest figures compiled by the omce Consequently all of the evidence as to to make some allowances for that, but are of Emergency Management and published in need that is in the record is hearsay we to be charitable enough with those the otnchil weekly bulletin Defense, issue of evidence. It would not be admitted in in charge of this program of producing September 23. Nearly six billions more will be added if the request for the second lend­ any court of justice. The only evidence war supplies to excuse this long delay? lease appropriation is approved as expected. comes fronL some of our roving repre­ Of course, I know there are other factors These figures do not include $3,674,000,000 sentatives trying to find some place entering into and causing the delay other of foreign orders for military supplies and where we can spend money and the de­ than the inherent difficulties of shifting materials. Adding this, the total amount to partmental heads here in Washington from peacetime output to warthne out­ be expended in this country, chiefiy from . giving their views, and so forth. I, for put, for I see great evidence of human June 1940 on, and to be supplied by Ameri­ one, am not going to vote away my can producers, has reached practically people's property and money on such evi­ selfishness on the part of some productive $66,000,000,000. factors a.nd a lack of that cooperation This total is so stupendous as to be vir­ dence. for which we have so earnestly prayed. tually incomprehensible. It is almost twice I also want to call your attention to Strikes i.n defense industry have been the total expenditures by the. United States this. The British Empire has an entire continually pointed out as one of the main in the last war. It is equivalent to three population of 400,000,000 and only 1 per­ factors in retarding production. Reluc­ times the value of the country's railroad cent of them is under the colors today. tance of capital or management to start systems, which required half a century to She has matchless resources strung all build. The great bulk of it is for arms, al­ on the program until assured of profits though it includes Army pay and subsistence, over the world. and amortization of capital outlay is un­ lend-lease foods, etc. Mr. FADDIS. Mr. Chairman, will the doubtedly another factor in retarding gentleman yield there? production. Without thinking· of un­ Mr. COFFEE of Nebraska. Mr. Chair­ Mr. O'CONNOR. I am sorry, I have patriotic motives, I can imagine that man, will the gentleman yield right not the time. business as usual, with a hope of more there? Out of Africa alone $700,000,000 a year than usual profits, has caused some of Mr. O'CONNOR. I yield. is taken in gold, by England, a large this delay. However, there is no use of Mr. COFFEE of Nebraska. I might part of which is sold to this country at crying over spilled milk, if we are to also add it is also twice the value of all a profit. I do not believe there is a play the part as a Nation we have set the farm lands and buildings in the scintilla of evidence in this record that for ourselves, for we must attempt to United States. would be admitted in any court of make up lost time. I want Congress to Mr. O'CONNOR. I am so informed. justice in any place in the world that 7786 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 shows Britain in need of money. It is voluntarily vote to assume such a tre­ her· allies at 3,200,000 tons and of Britain at hearsay. No representative of those mendous load? 2,500,000 tons-a total of 5,700,000 tons ·a year. Assume that Hitler could get the full bene­ countries has ever appeared before the Mr. O'CONNOR. Oh, everybody wants fit of this, -an assumption which disregards committee here and submitted a state­ to do things so it will get ·into the news­ damage already done to shipyards by bombs ment backed up by facts and figures papers, but when it gets down to the and ignores the inefficiency of sullen, con­ showing that she is in need. I am talk­ cold facts, there would not be a vote quered labor. Still we could meet the chal­ ing of need now. We have some needy in Montana for it. lenge, for we shall turn out 1,100,000 tons people in this country who had better be Mr. KNUTSON. And of course every of merchant ships alone this year, next year thought of at some time in the game. 3,000,000, and more than 5,000,000 tons in Member who votes for this bill will have· 1943. And simultaneously we are pushing Of course this bill will pass. We are that put up to him in the campaign either forward a naval building program just about thinking not with our heads, we are by a Democratic or Republican opponent. equal to the combined programs of all of thinking with our hearts. My judgment Mr. O'CONNOR. I cannot yield fur­ the rest of the world, including the British is that those who favor this measure are ther. This measure is designated as an Empire. the real defeatists. They do not believe appropriation bill to implement the lease­ Furthermore, we can expand shipbuilding that we can whil} the Nazi economy in lend bill. I doubt if there is a Congress­ incomparably more than can Europe. There the after-war struggle. They have no man who has ever seen a contract stating most of the sites for ways from which b!g faith in the America·n capitalistic system ships can be launched into deep water have the terms and conditions under which long been utilized, while we have scores of or in ingenuity of the American people. the materials and money are being loaned sites yet undeveloped. Shipbuilding is lim­ They do not believe that we can meet and leased. At least I have never seEm ited by steel and armor production. One Nazi competition in world markets. They a public record of such a contract. The American steel company will this year pro­ have no faith in themselves but are like distinguished gentleman from Wisconsin duce more steel than all of Germany; our ostriches burying their heads in the sand [Mr. KEEFE] raised that question yester­ expanded capacity soon will outmatch all of some dreamer's social philosophy. My day. In addition, incorporated in the bill the rest of the world. Our armor produc­ friends, the great Cleveland once said, "It tion, steadily increasing, is believed already is a trick play to gain votes by attaching to exceed that of England plus that of is the duty of the people to support the a national-defense provision of which we Germany. government, not the duty of the govern­ are all in favor. Such legislation is not ment to support the people." And I am unlike a bill that is ip the making, as I The good will live. The bad will die. wondering if after all we are not chasing understand, concerning the St. Lawrence But once you jar our economy out of fools' gold. I quote from the President's seaway proposal, which seemingly was gear, which this will do-Henry Ford speech delivered at Chautauqua, N. Y., found to be unpalatable. It now has already has let out 20,000 men-once you on August 14, 1936, and this at a time some pork in it for everybody. They put us out of gear and put idle men and when the shadows of war in Europe were have fixed it so that it may go through by women on the streets and hungry people commencing to appear; in fact, they were distributing pork in nearly every State in in their homes, you will sow the seed for lengthening out. The Presfdent had that something to spring up here. There is the Union. an old saying which is still true, "Any in mind when he uttered these words. I Mr. NORRELL. Mr. Chairman, if the quote: port in time of a storm." We had better gentleman will permit, that is not the stop, look, and listen· as we proceed wlth Nevertheless, if war should break out again Flood Control Committee. The gentle­ In another continent, let us not blink the this mess. man is referring to the Rivers and Har­ Another thing: They say we have to fact that we would find in this country thou­ bors Committee. sands of Americans who, seeking fool's gold, save Britain. Lord Halifax is quoted the would attempt to break down or evade our Mr. O'CONNOR. The gentleman is other day as saying the survival of the neutrality. correct. We are carrying out a foreign British Empire is assured. · It is now a policy· which is contrary to the Ameri­ question of licking the enemy. To whip That is the policy that I have been fol­ can traditions. We already have a divi­ the enemy or enemies an invasion of con­ lowing. I followed the President when he sion of our Regular Army in a foreign tinental Europe will be necessary. That uttered those words. And those words co~ntry, namely, Iceland, and I under­ will take manpower, huge manpower. still ring true. Fundamental principles stand that it is officered with British They are going to ask us for manpower have not · changed within that short officers. That is something new. I am when that invasion is attempted, and if length of time. Hitler was known to the not criticizing this move. It is water we are not careful we are going to give President at that time. Every nation on under the bridge. I think, however, it is it to them. the face of the earth has its intelligence well to consider this matter in canvassing Now, let us think through on that, bureau. We have an intelligence bureau the subject just to see where we are. I "licking the enemy." It is not a ques­ in Germany and Germany has ·an intel­ · cannot by any possible argument per­ tion of going out and whipping some­ ligence bureau here, as has England, and suade myself to think that we are in body to make them say "enough.'' That we have one in England. We are not danger of invasion by Hitler, and by is not the question. When you under­ fools. I am just wondering when the that I mean physical invasion. Of take this job you are going to have to Congress will stop this spree of making course, ideas and philosophy may invade save Soviet Russia. Russia looks like she appropriations for other countries under us, and you cannot stop ideas and Phi­ is in a bad way now. We would have to such circumstances. losophy with bullets. bring freedom to China. We would have Mr. KNUTSON. Mr. Chairman, will It is said that our continuance as a to crush imperialistic Japan. We would the gentleman yield? · free country depends on the British have to reconstitute Poland, Czechoslo­ Mr. O'CONNOR. Just let me complete Navy. If that is true, we made a great vakia, Greece, Belgium, Holland, France, this sentence. Mr. Chairman, when the mistake when we got out of the British Norway, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Rumania, full impact is felt by the American people Empire, which, of course, I deny. If we Hungary, Albania, Ethiopia, and count­ of what the Congress is doing here in are required to rely on the British Navy less other nations, besides co.nquering Washington, they will put a stop to this, for assistance and because of that fact Germany. How in the name of God is if they have to make some changes here. that we must bail her out of her trouble this going to be done? Mr. KNUTSON. Mr. Chairman, will every 25 years wit~ money and men, [Here the gavel fell.J the gentleman yield? then if we were in the British Empire we Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ Mr. O'CONNOR. Well, inasmuch as would have something to say about the man, I yield the gentleman 5 additional the gentleman was kind enough to with­ preliminary decisions that cause these minutes.· draw his point of order I yield. wars. We had better think through on Mr. O'CONNOR. How many years, Mr. KNUTSON. Yes; but there was this and make up our minds which we how many lives, how much money is this some benighted New Dealer who renewed want to be, a free nation or part of the going to take? Let us take the chief the point of order of no quorum and I British Empire. belligerent in the Senate. Senator PEP­ could not help that. The preceding lend­ I quote from Hanson Baldwin: PER says from 5 to 10 years. I guess he lease bill and this one will saddle upon We need not .fear being outbuilt in a naval knows what he is talking about. the people of Montana $559,500,000. race, even should Hitler be able to turn all It is said "The die is cast"; that we are Does my good friend believe if that pro­ Europe and England to the task. One au­ in the war and that we cannot stop or posal were submitted to the people of thority has estimated the shipbuilding ca- turn back or change our minds I be­ Montana they would go to the polls and . pacity of Germany, her conquered lands, and lieve that is what our distinguishEd 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .7787 friend said yesterday; except ·he did not may hit us right in the face. Suppose make such a promise. Who is there who say we were in the war. This I deny. Russia goes down or makes peace with could trust him? As I said before, he We are going hog-wild in a venture that Germany. The stuff we are sending Rus­ will make any promise now that is neces­ God only knows where and when and sia now may come over here in hostile sary to save his skin. I am not impressed how it will end. hands. Let us be realistic about this with death-bed restitutions. A leopard It is even suggested that we join forces thing, let us be a little cautious, a Jittle does not change his spots overnight. with Great Britain and police the world careful about arming somebody who What are the economy considerations for a hundred years. Knox said that out might be our enemy. of carrying on with these huge billion­ at Indianapolis. Is that our mission in [Here the gavel fell.] dollar appropriations for Europe? A war this world? Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ economy in its very nature curtails civil­ Mr. JACKSON. Mr. Chairman, will the man, I yield 2 additional minutes to the ian activities with closed factories for our gentleman yield? gentleman from Montana. little man who is not engaged in military Mr. O'CONNOR. I am sorry. I only Mr. O'CONNOR. Another thing about production. Social unrest will follow the have a few minutes. I must pass on. that, you ·cannot tell much about this Joe change. Priorities will make bootleggers I am amazed at the adoration that is Stalin. He might double-cross us over­ out of now honest men because many of shown by one of our administration lead­ night, he might make peace with Hitler. them will get needed materials in some ers for "His Majesty's Government." I Remember, human monsters are all yel­ way. Of course, they will have to pay the imagine, if we dig deep enough, we will low. He will do anything to save his price. You will see the small people will find this gentleman belongs to this Union hide. I do not have much faith in him eventually be affected by the policy we With Britain Club that has been organ­ since he double-crossed the President on are pursuing in Europe. Remember war ized. I think a man from Montana is at his letter. The President wrote him a production is artificial and not creative the head of it. very nice letter. It got to the public for the wants of man. It is only tem­ Mr. KNUTSON. To what man is the somehow. Joe let that out. I am glad porary. We will pay the cost of this. Our gentleman referring? the President did not call him "My Dear standard of living will be lowered to the Mr. O'CONNOR. I will say it is not Joe." competitive life of Europe unless we avoid Senator WHEELER, however. My col­ May we not pause for a moment in our the waste of such measures. Every man, leagues, on page 53 of the hearings, we hurry to spend this money and think a woman, and child including every Mem­ find this: Mr. Young, in a prepared state­ bit of this country? There are poor over ber of Congress would give up their lives ment, not answering spontaneously or in­ there all right, but we have them here and every dollar they had in defense of stantly under fire of examination, used in our own midst. I am thinking right our country, but the American people will these words, but he used them in a pre­ now of the Indians we have robbed; not support a declaration of war. We are pared statement: Indians living in tents, living in squalor, unprepared for war. I quote from an ·on September 10, 1941, His Majesty's Gov­ living in poverty. I cannot help but erticle in the Reader's Digest of August ernment- think of the old people of this country entitled "What Would We Fight With?" who are living in poverty, some of them Among other thing;S it is stated in the Mr. KNUTSON. Whose government? living on as little as $7, $8, or $9 a month, article as follows: Mr. O'CONNOR. The United King­ the people Who helped make this country. Where does all this leave our Army? The dom. He is talking about "His Majesty's Let us pause once in a while in our mad new Army possesses sufficient rifles and ma­ Government." hurry to look after our own people. Let chine guns, but an inadequate supply of all Mr. KNUTSON. I thought this was a us not be in a hurry to get into this war. other weapons, from antitank guns to air­ war to preserve democracy. It is going to be a long one and I have planes and tanks, and it will remain inade­ Mr. O'CONNOR. That is the way a never seen any evidence that it is a pri­ quately supplied for many months to come. British subject would speak. We call it vate war. I think anybody can get into I commend the reading of this articl'e the "British Empire," but a British sub­ it if he pays, and I think he can get in to all of the Members of the House. ject calls it "His Majesty's Government." on his own terms. · I am not going to vote one dollar to es­ Mr. LAMBERTSON. Mr. Chairman, Mr. COFFEE of Nebraska. We bought tablish the four freedoms thousands of will the gentleman yield right there? our ticket. miles away among people whose wants I Mr. O'CONNOR. In just a minute. Mr. O'CONNOR. I know we bought do not know until such time as those four But just think of the close ess, the in­ our ticket, and we can get in any time. freedoms are established in this country. timacy, the adoration, the subserviency What a great job the diplomats of Eng­ Charity with me begins at home. I am suggested in that statement. Think of it. land have done in the sale of all of this not hopeful of accomplishing this, as we You may say this is a small matter, but to us. They are, indeed, to be admired have been endeavoring to do this very these small things grow into big things. and congratulated, but what about us who thing for 150 years and have not suc­ This may be a small thing. It may be are going to have to pay through the nose ceeded. just a minor matter, but it shows which for this sentimental plunge which we are Let us consider that we are at the cross­ way the wind is blowing. You know, after taking. No, Washington was not wrong. roads of this country, whether we are all, there is an old saying that "coming He was right when he together with his going on as a free and independent Na­ events cast their shadows." Here is a followers made the sacrifices they did tion and stand on our own feet or man close to the administration, testifY­ to bring this country into a free Nation. whether we are going back and undo ing for the support of this bill, speaking Let us keep it free. what was done to bring this Nation into the same as if he were a British subject. What about this aiding Russia? Hitler existence. Let us look at history. In Mr. LAMBERTSON. Wi11 the gentle­ and Stalin are conceded to be the two 1776 there were two factions. One was man yield right there? ' supreme human monsters of the world. the appeasement group, better known Mr. O'CONNOR. Yes. I want to say Each has sacrificed more innocent blood as Tories. They believed that the col­ that I have never heard a Member of this than any person has done in the history onies should remain under the British House refer to the British Empire except of the world heretofore. A victory by Crown; that we were not strong enough as a foreign country, "the British Em- either over the other would make no . to stand alone in a hostile world. They pire." · difference excepting it would place the pointed to the fact that English troops Mr. LAMBERTSON. On page 52 of the victor in a position where he might try were all around us and that other greedy hearings in his formal statement, Mr. to impose his views on the world. I think European powers-France, Spain, and Young, who is administrative assistant to it is the secret hope entertained by all Portugal-all had footholds in this hemi­ Mr. Stettinius, spoke of the British Gov­ that these forces that are at grips now sphere. The other group, headed by ernment as "His Majesty's Government, will continue until each finally wipes the George Washington, the Father of our the United Kingdom." That is the way other out and removes each as a menace Country, well, you might call them iso­ he refers to England himself in his own to the world. The helping of either to lationists; they believed we should break formal statement. - final victory as between them would be a with the Old World; that we should live Mr. O'CONNOR. We ought to pause mistake. Why, they now say that Stalin our own lives and not involve ourselves and not be in a hurry to send this $6,- will guarantee religious freedom if you in European troubles and that we should 000,000,000 to Europe. Suppose Russia will give him a billion dollars or mate­ not submit to dictation and interference goes down. The aid we are giving Russia rials of equal value. Of course, he would and meddling from across the Atlantic; ,7788 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 that we would and could be a demo­ by every other American President except come off the people of that district, and cratic republic in a world of monarchs President Wilson and President Franklin I. wonder how many people in my home and autocracies. This was the group D. Roosevelt. We got away from this county of Knox would vote to give this which won the fight in the First Con­ policy in 1916, 1917, and 1918 and became enormous sum to help finance wars in gress, and we boldly proclaimed our in­ involved in the costly, bloody World War. Europe, Asia, and Africa, if they knew tention to govern ourselves. Washing­ That will be the logical result of our med­ that their pro rata part was $2,400,000. ton, Franklin, Adams, and Jefferson dling in the present quarrels and wars of The Democratic leaders in charge of carried the day, the die was cast, and Europe, Asia, and Africa. this bill frankly admitted that the freedom was born. If we are going to Recently, Congress passed and the chances are that we will not get any part be called upon every quarter of a century President approved a new tax bill. It of this money back. Neither Great Brit­ to defend the British Empire upon the is the biggest tax bill ever passed by this ain nor any other country has made any theory that her existence is necessary for country or any other nation in peacetime pledge that they would pay any part of our continuance as a free country, by or wartime in the world's history. Sec­ it back. We were also told that another furnishing money, credits, materials, and retary of the Treasury Morgenthau says lend-lease give-away bill would be urged our sons in war, then it simply adds up that it will take about $14,000.000,000 before the Congress about next March. to this-that Washington was wrong; in taxes annually from the American No one knows how many billions that bill that instead of fighting to be able to people, and the administration has an­ will call for, and no one knows how many form these United States of America as a nounced there will be another tax bill of these lend-lease give-away bills will free country we should have remained a some time this fall, and a real tax bill be forced through the Congress, or how part of the British Empire. To under­ next winter. many tens of billions may be demanded write Britain's wars every quarter of a Last March Congress passed and the to finance our meddling in the wars of century, without the right to participate President approved the first lease-lend­ Europe, Asia, and Africa. I am against in the preliminary decisions that cause give-away bill for $7,000,000,000. The bill section 1 of the bill under consideration these wars, is disastrous and will lead to before us carries an additional $6,000,- for what I consider several good and suffi­ our ultimate destruction. My friends, I 000,000. If we add the administrative cient reasons. In the first place, it is think Washington was right, and I prefer costs, we will give away-practically all unnecessary. Six months have passed to see America a free country. to Great Britain-these $14,000,000,000. since the first lend-lease give-away bill Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield 10 Yes; we will give away this enormous sum was passed. Only about half of that sum minutes to the gentleman·from Kentucky of money. It represents more than $100 of $7,000,000,000 has been let to·contract, [Mr. ROBSION]. for every man, woman, and child living and of the actual finished products and Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. Mr. under the American flag, and about $500 materials only $388,000,000 worth have Chairman, we have before us a very im­ for every American family. Practically been delivered. In other words, less than portant bill. It is the second lend-lease all taxes collected by the Federal Govern­ 6 percent of the $7,000,000,000 have been give-away bill. Last March Congress, at ment, either direct or concealed, are paid translated into the finished equipment, the behest of the President, voted $7,000,- by the consumers. Under this last tax materials, or products. Now, when will 000,000 for Great Britain. Bluntly stated, bill nothing escapes. Concealed taxes they use up the other 94 percent? Quite section 1 of this bill provides for approxi­ and much of what we consume in the a lot of it cannot possibly be used before mately $6,000,000,000 more. way of shelter, clothing, food, transporta­ the latter part of 1942 and July 1, 1943. I yield to· no man or woman in my loy­ tion, heat, and light must also pay a di­ Why soak the American taxpayers now alty and patriotic devotion to our coun­ rect tax. Taxes must be paid on the for another $6,000,000,000? This money try. No man or woman on the floor of swaddling clothes of the newborn babe, could not possibly be used before the end this House could be more anxious to see on the burial of the aged. The needy of 1943; because American plant facili­ oUr country thoroughly prepared and de­ widow, orphan, and blind must pay. ties have billions of dollars' worth of or­ fended than I. Each one of us should be Everything that is consumed must bear ders for national-defense equipment and willing to vote every dollar necessary for a part of these taxes, either concealed or materials on hand. Great Britain does the defense and protection of the United both concealed and direct. not need this $6,000,000,000 now, and States. The people of the State of Kentucky could not possibly get action on it for the We should have a two-ocean Navy, the on a basis of $100 in taxes per person next year or 18 months. This bill is best mechanized and equipped Army in on the average will pay $284,000,000. The being railro~ded through now, so as to the world, the biggest and best air force people of the Ninth Congressional District have our country tied up to pay it before in the world, and we should be so thor­ ofKentucky will pay$41,000,000. The peo­ the American people find out just what oughly prepared on 1and, in the air, on ple of my own home county of Knox, with is being done to them and their country. the seas, and under the sea that we could an assessed valuation of about $5,000,000, We are not only neglecting our own successfully defend the United States would pay $2,400,000, and the people of defense equipment and materials and and her possessions, and so much of the each county of my congressional district sending them to Great Britain, but we Western Hemisphere as is necessary for would pay on an average of $100 per are paying high transportation rates to our own protection and defense, against person, either of concealed or both con­ British ships for transporting these free any nation or combination of nations of cealed and direct taxes, and we propose war equipment, munitions, materials, the earth. For this program I have voted by this bill, and the one passed last and food. I am informed that this Na­ for every dollar the President has asked, March, and the cost of administering the tion is already obligated and has paid and each and every Republican in this amount set out in these two bills, to take out $375,000,000 as shipping charges, House has done likewise. $14,000,000,000 from the American people mostly for British ships, for carrying The Republican Party stands 100 per­ and give these enormous sums of money munitions of war from this country to cent for the defense of this country. to foreign nations. In fact, this great Great Britain. These include a lot of There is complete unity on that point. sum of money represents, together with shipping charges on equipment, muni­ The division comes when the adminis­ the State, county, and city taxes, 25 per­ tions, and materials that do not come tration undertakes to have this Nation. cent of the entire income of the Ameri­ under the lend-lease bill. This bill pro­ meddle and intervene in the wars of can people. In other words, 25 cents vides a lot of money to send farm tractors Europe, Asia, and Africa. I have and out of every dollar earned. The British, to England. They claim there are shall continue to oppose this part of the 22 cents of each dollar of income. These 4,000,000 acres of land in England that President's program, as the President enormous taxes are responsible in a large have never been plowed up. This is did in the last election. I have and shall measure for the increased cost of living. made up largely of the big English continue to follow our historic foreign I wonder how many people in the State estates. I cannot understand just why policy denouncing meddling in the wars of Kentucky would vote for this lease­ the American taxpayers should furnish and quarrels of the nations of Europe, lend-give-away bill if they knew that to the Englisn tractors with which to Asia, and Africa. This is the policy that Kentuckians would have to ptit up $284,­ plow up and cultivate their lands when was laid down by President Washington, ooo.ooo of the sum, and I wonder how we do not do this for our own American adhered to by Adams, Jefferson, and many people in my congressional district citizens. This bill also authorizes the Madison, and crystallized as our foreign would vote for this give-away bill if they purchase of a great quantity of farm policy by Monroe, and has been followed knew that $41,000,000 of taxes would products to send to Great Britain. How 1941 co-NGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7789 many millions of people in the United fore the congress proposing a declara­ world, while Germany and Italy have States now are also in need of food, tion of war. This resolution .should be second-rate navies, and would have to clothing, and shelter? We are sending thoroughly discussed by the Congress, the come 4,000 miles to attack us. Japan, milk and expensive canned chicken to representatives of the American people, our potential enemy in the Pacific, is the British. How many of our children as provided by the Constitution. Let th~ twice that distance from our western and older people are without milk or Members of the House and Senate vote it shores, and its navy is not nearly as pow­ chicken? up or vote it down. If the Congress, erful as ours, and its war vessels have Mr. COFFEE of Nebraska. Mr. Chair­ after hearing all the facts, should vote a not been built for long cruises like ours. man, will the gentleman yield? declaration of war, it would at once unite Statements like those from the President Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. I cannot practically all of the American people in of the United States would encourage yield; I am sorry. the prosecution of the war. The efforts attacks from abroad more than anything I voted against the first lend-lease­ of the President to :flout the Constitution that I have heard or seen yet. give-away bill, and I am going to vote and to carry on undeclared wars creates When Congress passes this bill, we against this bill for the further reason, discord and divides the American people. will have voted for war purposes, twice as stated in my speech against the first The liberty and the freedom of the as much money as the entire cost of the bill, it gives to the President unlimited American people canna~ be preserved un­ other World War. Congress will have powers, with almost unlimited money less Congress faithfully adheres to the voted, in 18 months, approximately the and credits to carry on undeclared wars Constitution. If this country has ·been same amount of money that was appro­ for or against any nation in the world. wronged in such a manner as would jus­ priated and spent by this Nation from Congress should insist upon its constitu­ tify our going to war and fighting a war, March 4, 1789, up to and including the tional power to pass upon the question the President ought to say so. I do not signing of the Armistice on November 11, of peace and war. It should not sur­ think that up to this time the facts 1918, covering all of our wars, and a pe­ render this power to the President. Un­ justify our going into the ghastly, bloody riod of more than 129 years, and yet our til our American Revolution, emperors, second World War in Europe, Asia, and President says that we Gould not defend kings, queens, and princes made war at Africa, and, as the record stands today, either of our chief sea ports-New York such times as they chose, and then their I would speak and vote against it. City or San Francisco. subjects were forced to fight these wars, Section 1 of the measure before us con­ As between Hitler and Stalin, I have however unjust or uncalled for they tinues the power of the President, imple­ a· conflict of emotions. Hitler is a might be. The American colonist had mented with $6,000,000,000 more of pagan-a cruel a·nd ambitious dictator suffered under that kind of rule. After money, to carry on these unauthorized and killer. On the other hand, Stalin the Revolutionary patriots had won their and undeclared wars. It violates the is a Communist, an atheist, and has torn war and had met in convention at Phila­ spirit and the letter of the Constitution. down practically all of the churches, syn­ delphia to write a Constitution to protect It takes away from the Congress this agogues, killed practically all the priests and secure the freedom they had won, extraordinary power. There is no neces­ and ministers, and is one of the bloodiest and in order to prevent some Chief Exec­ sity for appropriating this sum at this and most cruel rulers the world has ever utive from involving them in a war time, when our own national defense is seen. I have expressed the hope that without the consent of the people, they being stripped and neglected, and I, Hitler and Stalin were evenly eriough provided in article I, section 8, of the therefore, shall vote against section 1 of matched and would fight long enough so Constitution, among the other powers this bill. that there would not be a greasy spot left granted to Congress and used these Our own defenses have been neglected. of either one of them. I think such an words: It has not been due to any fault on the end for them and the cruel men that To declare war • • • to provide and part of Congress. Congress has appro­ have been aiding and abetting them maintain a Navy • • • to raise and priated and given contractual authority would be a blessing to mankind. Like support an Army. for our own national-defense program the many others, I prefer to see the Russians They were determined that no Presi­ sum of fifty billions and when this bill is win because I want to see Britain win. dent of this Nation should have the passed Congress will have voted thirteen We should not place too much faith in power or the right to declare war. They billions for Great Britain, Russia, and Stalin. I have no faith in either Hitler were determined to keep this extraor­ China. .It amounts altogether to more or Stalin. My mind goes back to the dinary power in the hands of the people than $62,000,000,000. The war between first World War. Russia was an ally by expressly providing that the duly China and Japan, and, as the President of the United States, Great Britain, elected representatives of the people, the has said, a threat to us, has been going France, and other countries fighting Congress, and that alone should have on for more than 4 years. The war in Germany and the other Central Powers. the power to declare war, to raise and Europe has been going on for more than We loaned $800,000,000 to Russia. support armies, and to provide and main­ 2 years, and what are the conditions of Stalin was a part of that communistic tain a navy. our defense? While the warring nations crowd, led by Lenin, Trotsky, and others, When the lend-lease bill was passed and of Europe have equipped and trained di­ that overthrew the Russian Government, the $7,000,000,000 given to the President visions by the hundreds, from the re­ ruthlessly and cruelly murdered Czar with the extraordinary powers granted ports I have received, we do not have as Nicholas, his wife, his children, and tens him, he proceeded and has been for more many as four trained and equipped di­ of thousands of other leading people of than a year carrying on undeclared wars visions, but I shall let the President de­ Russia, and made a separate peace with with various countries. Let us not be de­ scribe our unprepared and undefended Germany. This action destroyed one of ceived. We are at war now and have condition. In his message to Congress our valuable allies, and it is said on reli­ been for many months. The President today urging the arming of our merchant able authority literally millions of Rus­ has furnis:i.1ed the threats and denuncia­ ships and that they be permitted to go sians have been put to death or starved tions. He has been given money, guns, into the war zones, the President took oc­ to death under this cruel regime of com­ ships, tanks, and planes to carry on war, casion to describe how unprepared we are munism. Neither Presidents Wilson, and he and the war lords of other coun­ and used this language: "We know that Harding, Coolidge, nor Hoover would tries have met from time to time. He, we could not defend ourselves in Long recognize it; however, when President as the Commander in Chief of our Army Island Sound, or in San Francisco Bay." Roosevelt came into office in 1933, one and Navy, with the heads of our Army He means of course that we could not de­ of his first acts was to recognize the and Navy, have met with Mr. Churchill, fend the two· principal seaports in this Russian Government. We put them in the head of the Army and Navy of Great country, New York City on the Atlantic good standing; we threw open our gates Britain, and many of the leaders of the and San Francisco on the Pacific. to them, with the understanding that Army and Navy of Great Britain, and No person has made such a severe In­ they would not engage in their commu­ together they have been planning a dictment of this administration's failure nistic propaganda in our country. They shooting war. to provide for the defense of our coun­ disregarded their promise and proceeded If this Nation ought to make war on try. Fifty billion dollars for our own to fill up our country with Communists. any country or countries, the President defense program, and New York City They bored into our churches, schools, should submit all the facts to the Con­ nearly 4,000 miles from Germany, and farm and labor organizE".tions, secretly gress, and a resolution should come be- we have the finest and best Na\7lln the plotting the overthrow of our country. 7790 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 Their evil work was manifested in many These two lend-lease bills may be only a our financial · resources and our war sections of the country against our Gov­ drop in the bucket. Before we get equipment and supplies throughout the ernment until Russia was attacked by through this war, if we get into it, and earth. Germany. police the world after the war, unless I would not be surprised to see Stalin In my honest opinion, . there would tb.ere is a big change, it will require mil­ quit and again become the enemY of have been no second World War but for lions of American soldiers and at least a Great Britain and the United States be­ Joseph Stalin and his associates. Eng­ hundred billion dollars to take actual fore this war is over and to see the Rus­ land and France made unusual efforts to possession of Germany, as urged by the sians :fighting on the side of Hitler. have Russia line up with them against President and Churchill, and to restore No nation has been in as big a war and Hitler. They thought Stalin would do the conquered countries and China. It is has done as little :fighting as Great Brit­ this, but the world was amazed one day too much of a job for the American peo­ ain. What help did she give France? when it was announced that Stalin had ple. We have no right to call upon them She urged France to enter the war in entered into a treaty with Hitl~r. Hitler to assume any such undertaking. I wish order to induce Hitler to draw his forces had hesitated to attack Poland, and, as to repeat again that this country has no from the west coast. Britain gave it subsequent events have proved, he would business being in any war except in a war out that Germany would be attacked not have attacked Poland with an un­ of defense of the \United States, its pos­ through the Balkans. Hitler prepared friendly Russia on his eastern flank. No sessions, and defense of so much of the for the attack, but he made the attack more dastardly deal was ever entered Western Hemisphere as is necessary for and overran Yugoslavia and Greece. into than this treaty between Stalin and our own defense. About May 1940 the ·Great Britain put merely a handful of Hitler. Stalin gave Hitler the green light President created a great lot of fear in men in the fight. Britain did fight, how­ to attack Poland. Stalin agreed to pro­ this country that Hitler would be over ever, when her own territory was tect the eastern front for Hitler, but here in a short time. That statement was threatened in Africa and she secured Stalin had to be paid. He forced Hitler made for political purposes. No one now perhaps a million square miles of other to agree to give Russia about half of contends seriously that Hitler or Musso­ territory. Russia is really :fighting Poland and to give Stalin a free hand to lini and Japan could land an army in the Great Britain's battle. It has been going attack little Finland and overthrow the United States. To bring 1,000,000 men it. on since June 22, but what has England free Governments of Latvia, Estonia, would require 20,000,000 tons of good done for Russia except to urge us to help and Lithuania. Hitler plundered, raped, ships. All three of those countries put her? Why has she not sent a thousand and murdered one part of Poland while together do not have 20,000,000 tons of planes and bombers? Great Britain has Stalin took possession of the other part. seaworthy ships for that purpose. But it never given either blood or money for Stalin proceeded to attack little Finland, is insisted that we must fight in the any other country. She never fights murdered a lot of her people, and took a Dutch East Indies, Singapore, the Red except to save her own skin. A very part of her territory. He overthrew, put Sea, in Russia, and in Scotland and Ice­ intelligent Democrat in my home town to the sword, and placed under his heel land, which are from 2,500 to 10,000 miles recently asked me the question: The with his mighty Russian Army the people or more from the United States. We name of what Englishman is recorded of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. have no business in any war except in a in history as having died in battle in Let us not overlook the fact that these war of self-defense and we can defend defense of the United States? I said four small democracies were created our country, if we will spend our money I do not recall any Englishman having partly through the blood and treasure of and resources in building up our NavY, given his life in defense of the United the soldiers and people of the United air force, and Army, instead of giving States. He remarked that history does States. These four countries are now away our ships, guns, planes, and other not record any English citizen who ever fighting Russia to regain their liberties equipment to foreign countries. gave his life in defense ·of the United and their rights. Let us not overlook the I am reminded of a story that I heard States. I admire the English. They are fact that whatever money and materials in my section of Kentucky. A man had for their country first, last, and an the we vote for Russia they will be used received a letter from a man residing in time. An Englishman does not have to against these four little democracies. San Francisco or some other distant point place China, the United States, or Rus­ When this war started France was :fight­ threatening this Kentuckian, and stated sia before Great Britain in order to be ing Germany, and we set ou~ to help that he would visit Kentucky perhaps a good Englishman, and a lot of us in­ France. Today France is with Germany, some time and do violence to the Ken­ sist that in order to be a good American and the heads of her Government are tuckian. The Kentuckian began to get citizen we do not have to place China, saying to us that they will tend to their his pistols and traveling equipment to­ Russia, or Great Britain before our own own affairs and do not want our help ·or gether, and his wife says, "Bill, what are country, and I am one of those who re­ advice. In the other war Italy, Rumania, you doing?" Bill told his wife about fuse to sacrifice the lives of millions of and Japan were on our side. We helped these threats, and he said he was going to our American boys or place great taxes to restore a lot of territory belonging to make the trip to a distant city and fight and financial burdens upon our people Rumania. Russia took that territory away it out with the man. He wanted to keep unless they are necessary for our own from Rumania. Rumania is now :fighting any fighting away from his home. His defense. Russia to get her territory back. She, wife says, "Bill, you blamed fool, that man Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield with Italy and Japan, are lined up with may never come, and you would have a 3 minutes to the gentleman from New Germany. George Washington and our lots better chance killing him, protected York [Mr. FISH]. other early Presidents and statesmen by your own house. than you would to Mr. FISH. Mr. Chairman, the state.:. knew how fluid and changeful were the travel that distance and fight him con­ ment of President Roosevelt claiming governments of Europe, Asia, and Africa. cealed in his barricade." Bill did not go that religious liberty existed in Soviet They knew the hates, jealousies, and bit­ to San Francisco and the man did not Russia under article 124 of the Commu­ terness of the peoples of those nations. come to the hills of Kentucky. There nist Constitution is utterly misleading, They said it would be a wise thing for us was no war and nobody hurt. I have contrary to well-known facts and repug­ to stay out of the quarrels and wars of never believed that Hitler would win this nant to millions of Protestants and Cath­ the people over there and to forbid those war, and I do not believe it today. I have olics in America and throughout the people from meddling in the affairs of never believed that Hitler would do the world who have faith in God and religion. the people of the United States and the foolish thing of undertaking an expedi­ The Communist persecution of all reli­ Western Hemisphere. If we had followed tion to the United States or·to the West­ gion, the killing of priests, the destruction their advice, we would not have been in ern Hemisphere, but I do know also that of churches or turning them into athe­ the first World War, and we w·ould avoid we could defeat him more easily for him istic museums or dance halls has been this war. We cannot settle their quarrels to bring his army and other war equip­ written into a record of blood and tears and differences. · ment 4,000 miles and attack us behind for the past 24 years, nor can all Mr. Mr. Knox, our Secretary of the Navy, our fortifications and other defenses than Roosevelt's piety or wit lure it back to now comes along with some others sec­ for us to travel 4,000 miles and attQ.ck cancel any of these acts. onding the motion, and proposes that the Hitler and his force behind their fortifi­ Ever since the Communists came into United States and Great Britain police cations and other defenses. Let us arm power in 1917 one of -their main objec­ the world for the next hundred years. this Nation to the teeth and not dissipate tives has been to destroy every vestige of 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7791 religious life. The school children of Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Does the tion with the first lease-lend bill it was Russia have been taught to hate God and gentleman insist upon his point of order? definitely established that it was the in­ to disobey and hold their parents in con­ Mr. KNUTSON. Mr. Chairman, I tent of Congress to include Poland as a tempt if they have the temerity to main­ withdraw the point of order, if we can · beneficiary of this legislation. tain any religious faith. Millions of have some more Members here. I know of the magnanimous attitude of Christian mar.tyrs slaughtered by our The CHAIRMAN. The point of ordel' most Members which coincides with this pal and comrade BlooCly Joe Stalin is withdrawn. action -and the attitude of the Congress. would turn in their graves if they knew Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ Heretofore there has been a very definite that the President of the United States man, I yield 10 minutes to the gentleman and well-nigh insurmountable obstacle had publicly given a religious bill of from Michigan [Mr. DINGELLJ. in the attainment of any such grant in health to Soviet Russia. Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Chairman, my aid to the Polish Army. Now, however, President Roosevelt could just as well vote in behalf of the second supplemental with the advent of the Russo-Nazi war have given his sanctimonious endorse­ national defense appropriation bill, the Polish armies which have been held ment of article 125, guaranteeing free­ known as the lend-lease, is not predicated captive in Russian camps are available dom of speech, of the press, and of as­ upon any altruism or because of any love for immediate and effective service, but sembly in Soviet Russia, which are non­ for Stalin, for everybody knows that with they need planes, tanks, field guns, and existent there except on paper. me murderous Joe rates about as highly rifles, together with the necessary bombs Lend-lease aid to the Communists, if as his erstwhile partner in crime, the arch and munitions. Russia, it seems to me, it is based on freedom of religion or that murderer, Schicklgruber alias Hitler. is not in a position to properly equip Soviet Russia is a democracy, is a fraud The membership of this House remem­ them, and since there is a disposition on and a contemptible sham. President bers that nearly 2 years ago, so far as pos­ the part of some Ame:o.·icans to object to Roosevelt's attempt to delude the Ameri­ sible by an expression, I consigned the outright aid to Stalin under the Lease can people into believing that freedom carcasses of these soulless, depraved. bi­ Lend Act I believe that there could be of religion exists under the Soviet con­ ped monsters to hell's fire. With me it no objection from any sincere American stitution as it does under our own Consti­ is a practical cold-blooded matter of element to any plan of supp;ying the tution, is untrue, a reflection on the self-defense. I am supporting the bill trained Polish armies with offensive American people and unworthy of the because I consider it a military necessity weapons of every kind under the Lease President. and the surest way I know, in fact the Lend Acts. Practically every churchman, Catholic only way I know, of defeating Hitlerism These men to whom I refer are well and Protestant, has denounced it in and all that it stands for and thus to keep trained. They are eager and determined scathing terms. If lend-lease funds are America out of the war and our man­ and they will fight like madmen if they to be made available to godless Soviet power free from involvement and away are given arms and munitions in sub­ Russia, it must be exclusively on military from the bloody carnage of Europe. stantial quantities with a guaranty of an grounds-that Stalin is fighting Hitler I am willing to pave the way for Schickl­ uninterrupted flow until victory is at­ and the Communist Army the Nazi Army. gruber's destruction with American dol­ tained. It is preposterous to attempt to make lars far into the future, in advance of. It would be a test of the sincerity of out a case that Russia is a democracy and anticipated necessity, because I want to the opposition in this country. Such that freerlom of religion exists there, as save American lives and make sure that opposition could emanate from but one even the interventionist New York Times this German philosophy, this madness, is source and from but one element, and said in a recent editorial- to be destroyed for an absolute certainty. that is the pro-Nazi, anti-British coali­ is I If Stalin's Russia is a democracy, then so It because consider the support of tion which constitutes a very small pro­ Is Hitler's Germany. Stalin and the Russian armies as a justi­ portion of our people. The great mass fiable expedient that I am willing to ex­ of our people will approve any plan In conclusion, I want to quote Roose­ tend aid to Russia. Communism and the which has for its purpose the earliest velt versus Roosevelt; The following is philosophy of Stalin, together with its possible mobilization and arming of the an extract from President Roosevelt's godlessness, plunder, and murder is as Polish soldiers recently liberated from speech proclaming a full emergency, on vicious and depraved, though not as ag­ Russian prison camps and providing May 27, 1941- gressive and dangerous as the same vile them with an uninterrupted flow of mili­ Even our right of worship would be beliefs and practices of Nazi Germany. tary supplies under the act. threatened. The Nazi world does not re<.:og­ The stench of nazi-isrn is as foul and If it is argued that it is impracticable, nize any god except Hitler for the Nazis are reprehensible as the communistic philoso­ or impossible, or undesirable for what­ as ruthless as the Communists in the denial phy. It is more infectious; in fact, it is­ of God. ever cause or reason to supply the Rus­ because of the so-called German efficien­ sian armies because of any obstacle or Under Secretary of State Sumner cy-positively contagious; and the men­ objection, I want to appeal to you at any Welles, on June 23, last, wrote- ace of nazi-ism to the free institutions, rate to lend your assistance toward the This right (of human beings to worship to the democracy, and to the religious attainment of this very same objective God as their consciences dictate) has been practices of our American people is a and effectiveness by providing arms for · denied to their people by both the Nazi and direct and most dangerous threat. the available Poles. the Soviet Governments. To the people of I am willing to spend dollars to aid The various estimates of available the United States this and other principles Britain and her valiant ally, Poland; to trained Polish manpower are generally of communistic dictatorship are as intol­ aid Czechoslovakia, Norway, the Low within the figures of between one-quarter erable, and as alien to their own beliefs, as Countries, and, when the time comes, are the principles and doctrines of Nazi dic­ and one-half million men. This is a tatorship. valiant Greece and Turkey; and, please formidable army. If they will fight as God, the day may come when we may the Polish R. A. F. flyers in England are I am in entire accord with the historic send substantial aid to betrayed and bat­ fighting, and I have no doubt of it, you ·encyclical on communism issued by Pope tered France. Yes; I would be willing to ·may rely upon it that such equipment as Pius XI, which reads as follows: send lend-lease aid to Italy and to any we might send will be put to proper use Communism is intrinsically wrong, and no other country that will oppose nazi-ism, and will hurry the day of retribution for one who would save Christian civilization to any people who are now fighting or the murderous Nazi bandits. may collaborate with it in any undertaking may in the future come to grips in de­ I feel that there is no disagreement whatsoever. Those who permit themselves fense of their liberties and 'God-given amongst us and that you will give this to be deceived into lending their aid toward rights. suggestion your most earnest considera­ the triumph of communism in their own country will first fall as victims to their Doubtlessly, it has occurred to many of tion and that you will agree with me that error. you, and more than once, that the valiant substantial, not token aid, given to the ·and liberty-loving Poles should receive Polish Army in Russia and in Canada Mr. KNUTSON. Mr. Chairman, I every encouragement and substantial as­ will be an indirect aid to Russia while make the point of order that a quorum sistance in their fight for freedom and at the same time it will aid in the re­ is. not present. I observe there are only democracy and in the reestablishment establishment of a powerful nucleus of 16 Democrats here, 1 of whom is asleep. of an independent Poland. the Polish Army which will be essential The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will In the discussions during the presenta­ to a reconstituted and a permanent ~unt. . tion of the conference report in connec- Poland. LXXXVII-492 7792 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 enthusiastically support, in effect it is and is well worth reading-national de­ . minutes to the gentleman from Minne­ not a national-defe:oBe measure but a fense does not call for the appropriations· sota [Mr. MAAS]. measure to give, at the' expense of the carried by this bill. It was pointed out Mr. MAAS. Mr. Chairman, I call at­ American taxpayer, to other nations and by this writer that the last war, when we tention to the unfortunate comment to the people of other nations the very sent an A. E. F. of more than 2,000,000 made here reflecting upon the people of things which we need for the preserva­ men to fight in Europe, cost us around Minnesota, particularly the Scandinavian tion of our own Nation, our own Govern­ $22,000,000,000. population. Minnesota is largely made ment, and to also give to the Chief Execu­ The present program of the Roosevelt up of people of Scandinavian and Ger­ tive additional dictatorial power. administration calls for an expenditure man descent. Their loyalty cannot be To justify their action in voting for of $65,000,000,000, or approximately three questioned. They have contributed out this bill, several Members have said that, times the whole cost of the last World of proportion to their population to every inasmuch as Congress adopted the Presi­ War. war in which we have fought and to all dent's policy of lease-lend as a measure Mr. Manly's analysis of the figures present defense efforts. · of national defense, they are therefore shows that $20,323,000,000 would be avail­ Mr. Chairman, I should like to read a committed to that policy and required to able, out of the $65,000,000,000, for ord­ telegram from the Governor of Minne­ follow the President wherever he may nance and fighting equipment. He fur­ sota, which I have received as chairman lead us. ther found that $20,000,000,000, to provide of the Minnesota delegation: I deny the soundness of that proposi­ for an army of 10,000,000 men-and for I have sent the following wire to Congress­ tion. It is quite true that the country what purpose do we need an army of · man FADDIS regarding the exchange with Con­ reelected Mr. Roosevelt, but we all know 10,000,000-would still leave nearly $45,- gressman KNUTSON yesterday, which has been that he obtained that election by the 000,000,000 untouched. headlined in our Minnesota papers as "Min­ making of certain promises, which he The making of appropriations of bil­ nesota under fire" and "Solon calls Minne­ has since repudiated. lions of dollars, without any considera­ sotans pro-German-Hurls charge at Scandi­ It might, therefore, be said at the out­ tion of the manner in which the money is navians": "I deeply regretted your attack on set that we are not obligated to follow to be raised or the ability of our people the people of Minnesota of Scandinavian de­ scent. Our citizens of an nationality back­ him when he leaves the placarded; desig­ to pay, indicates a lack of good sense. · grounds yield to no one in their loyalty to the nated highway and travels off down a The average American should not for­ Stars end Stripes and their willingness to side road, which so many of us believe get that he is now paying a tax which is sacrifice to preserve freedom. Ther3 are sin­ leads to a destination which none of us $3 more per capita than that paid by cere differences of views upon what is best to want to reach. the people of Great Britain. The Ameri­ do, but they have responded splendidly to But, aside from that, it does not follow can workingman should not forget -that every request of the President anC. the Na­ that, because Congress adopted one lend­ one result of this lend-lease policy is al­ tional Government. Thousands of our lads are in the armed forces of the Nation-on lease bill, we must forever follow the ready creating unemployment; that hun­ land, at sea, and in the air. Our defense suggestions of the President as to the dreds of thousands of men are being contracts are ahead of schedule and there has appropriations of other sums for a like thrown out of work. The American busi­ not been a single serious stoppage of defense purpose. Knowing, as we all do, the nessman, the American factory operator, work. The vital supply of iron ore has moved spending characteristics of this adminis­ and the men who work in those factories to the furnaces in your State, without inter­ tration, no man in his right mind would should not forget that Secretary Mor­ ruptions, in tremendous volume. I have per­ venture to predict the sum total of the genthau said on the 24th of September, sonally taken a strong and early position in last, that· "business as usual is out the support of the foreign policy of the President appropriations which the President may and have urged the unity of th- States of recommend in his campaign to give our window." the Union. We recognize that your contro­ national resources to Great Britain and This bill, if I heard correctly the state­ versy with individual C~mgressmen may her allies. ments of members of the Appropriations become heated. But please, sir, do not con­ We all know that there must sometime Committee, carries a billion dollars which tribute disunity by casting intolerant asper­ be an end to the demand for successive is to be given to the President to spend sions on the patriotic people of our beloved appropriations, each calling for billions as he may see fit. State or the descendants of a courageous, liverty-loving nation." of dollars. There must be an end be­ In my judgment, and I make this state­ HAROLD E . STASSEN, cause there is a limit to the amount of ment without questioning the sincerity Governor. money which can be raised by taxation of any Member, when Congress, charged and by borrowing. with appropriating the taxpayer's Mr. TABER. I yield 10 minutes to the Nor, because a law waa passed, are we money; charged with the duty of seeing gentleman from Michigan [Mr. HoFF­ under any obligation to always adhere to that it is honestly and efficiently ex­ MAN]. the policy there enunciated. It is quite pended, gives to any man, even though he DEFEND AND PRESERVE OUR NATION true that, as long as the law is upon the be the President, $1,000,000,000 to spend Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Chairman, this books, all should give it unquestioning without check or supervision, it shirks lend-lease bill, calling for the authoriza­ obedience-obedience both as to the letter its duty; it betrays the trust which the tion of an expenditure of $5,985,000,000, and to the spirit. But it does not follow people have imposed in it. is similar in one aspect to other legisla­ that we who believe that the adoption of Moreover, recent acts show that this tion which has been proposed and put that policy was wrong, was injurious to _administration's first objective is not through by the administration. Almost our Nation, must cease our efforts to national defense. Nor is it even aid to invariably, every bill which comes before change that policy. As well might it have Britain and her allies. Those of you - us is so drafted as to carry two objectives. been said that, the Nation having adopted who listened to what I had to say a few Ordinarily, one is a proposal which prac­ prohibition as a national policy, those who days ago from the well of the House as tically all of us agree should be adopted. objected to its adoption should have to the action of the 0. P.M. in connection It is for the accomplishment of a worthy ceased to oppose it; should not have . with the bid of the Currier Lumber Co. objective. The other purpose is to give worked for repeal. for the construction of 300 homes for the Chief Executive more power, more I, for one, opposed the original lend­ defense workers in Wayne, Mich., an money; to subordinate in some particular lease bill and the grant of power and action which added $1 ,440 to the cost the legislative to the executive branch of money to the President, because I did not to the workingman of every home; those the Government. Thus we have been believe, apd I do not now believe, that it of you who yesterday heard the distin­ forced time and again, in order to obtain was a defense measure. In my judg­ guished gentleman from Virginia [Mr. _needed legislation or a needed appropri­ ment, it was a bill, the passage of which HowARD SMITH] speak on the same sub­ ation, to swallow. although it gagged us, weakened our national defense. ject, know that this administration is a measure tending to destroy our con­ I shall vote against this bill because I playing politics·; purchasing the support, stitutional form of goverment. believe that it likewise is not a defense in this instance of the A. F. of L., with This lend-lease bill is no different in measure. money voted for national defense. that respect from the other measures As was so clearly pointed out a few In days gone by, we learned from a which we have been called upon to adopt. days ago by Chesly Manly-the editorial Senate committee that money voted for Labeled as a defense measure, which, if comment on his article will be found on the relief of the unfortunate, the cold it was only that, all could conscientiously, page A4541 of the RECORD of October 7 and the hungry, had been used by this 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7793

administration to purchase political sup­ The 0. P. M. will be nothing but a As evidence of the conditions which port. Punch and Judy show, manipulated one existed there, let me read to you the Now we learn that the administration day by the A. F. of L., the next day by statements of the distinguished majority is continuing to use public funds for the the C. I. 0. Already there is rumor of leader, the gentleman from Massachu­ furtherance of its political ambitions. retaliation through general strike by the setts [Mr. McCoRMACK], made on the There is no question about it. . c. I.O. floor of this House on November 1, 1939, The gentleman from Virginia lMr. Instead of following the straight and and found on pages 1169 and 1170 of the SMITH] yesterday called upon every narrow way, instead of doing the right CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: Member of this House; he called espe­ thing, unswervingly, without fear or Communism is the arch enemy of religion cially upon the members of the Appropri­ favor, this administration has sought first and every ideal for which decent mankind ations Committee, and by inference he to please one group, then the other, and stands. Soviet Russia, in its constitution, challenged the administration, to show that course, if followed, will inevitably states definitely that it is the enemy of re­ ligion-communism that would try to stop the inaccuracy of his statements. I lead to confusion, continuous labor dis­ you and me from exercising our religious con­ look forward with interest to the accept­ putes, a succession of strikes, first by one science; communism that went into Poland ance of that challenge. union, then by the other, as the Govern­ only a few weeks ago and took over 13,000,000 The truth is that the 0. P.M. and the ment, like a drunken man, goes swagger­ of liberty-loving and religion-loving people­ National Defense Mediation Board are ing down the street, first on one side, Catholics, Protestants, and Jews. Today no more interested in using the present situ­ then on the other. churches exist in that part of Poland. ation; in taking advantage of our na­ It is time that Congress insisted that Let me repeat that statement: tional danger, to further the interests of the administration think first of Amer­ Today no churches exist in that part of certain labor organizers and union lead­ ica, of the preservation of our institu­ Poland. ers than they are either in national de­ tions, of the protection of the rights Within the past few weeks there came from fense, aid to Britain, or the protection of guaranteed to the individual citizen by Moscow itself the admission that Catholic the American citizen .. our Constitution. priests were murdered, with the lying state­ The Government agency headed by Mr. There is another phase of this subject ment that they were resisting the Communist Carmody, which has supervision over the which .to me shows the hypocrisy of the army. They were murdered in Christian Po­ letting of these contracts, has conspired, administration. land for the same reason that they have been murdered for 20 years in Soviet Ru~sia­ . as was shown yesterday by the genlle­ For months the President, instead of priests, ministers, rabbis-because they were man from Virginia [Mr. SMITH] with the treating our people as women and men of messengers of God and doing the work of officials of the A. F. of L., to create a courage, of determination, of ability, has God on earth. monopoly of national-defense construc­ treated us as children so lacking in The world knows that Nazi Germany tion work, which, in this one instance, mentality that we cannot be trusted with stands for the same objective that com­ will cost the Government $431,000. This the facts. munistic Russia stands for. Nazi German'f is governmental agency in this particular attempting to dominate all religion, and the An illustration of that was given yes­ domination of religion means its suppression instance has entered into a conspiracy terday here on the floor of the House and destruction. Nazi Germany and Com­ with the A. F. of L. to violate that pro­ when, after it had been stated that any munist Russia have clasped hands. They are vision of the N. L. R. A. which provides Member of Congress had available to him both in this conflict. They are both anti­ that employees shall have the right to but could not give to his constituents the God forces. They are both trying to destroy bargain collectively through representa­ facts on which were based the figures of religion. tives of their own choosing. this bill, it was disclosed by Members of Then, from page 1170 of the perma­ In this particular case the conspiracy the House that, notwithstanding the pre­ nent RECORD of the Seventy-six~h Con­ is with the A. F. of L. It is said-and vious statement, they, on demand yester­ gress, second session, I read: it has not yet been denied-that the rea­ day, were refused access to a part of the Do you suppose religious Poland is going to son for the yielding of the Gov€rnment hearings had before the Appropriations be reconstituted by a Nazi victory or by a was a threat by the A. F. of L. to call a Committee. Communist victory? Oh, no. general strike. If that be true, and if it When not only the taxpayer but the be equally true that our national exist­ Let me repeat this statement by the taxpay€r's representative is denied access distinguished gentleman from Massachu­ ence is at stake, depends upon the suc­ to the testimony put in by departmental cess of the defense program, what excuse setts [Mr. McCoRMACK], the majority officials in support of their application leader: can there possibly be for the A. F. of L. for taxpayers' money, it is time for us to to refuse to cooperate-to refuse to per­ insist, not only that we but the taxpayers Do you suppose religious Poland is going mit other men to aid in national defense? to be reconstituted by a Nazi victory or by a themselves be told the truth, be given the Communist victory? Equally true is it that if, in this in­ facts which justify the appropriation of stance, an agency of the Government will their money. Any other course is but the The gentleman answered his own ques­ conspire with the officers of the A. F. of L., method of a dictator and a tyrant. tion, and the answer was, "Oh, no." I tomorrow it will be called upon by the Again and r.gain-and I will not take continue to read: C. I. 0. to enter into a like conspiracy the time to cite the incidents, for they are I hear few expressing any words of sym­ against t~e A. F. of L. already familiar to most of us-the Pres­ pathy for those fine people of Poland, who Mr. Nelson, of the 0. P. M., and Mr. ident has sought by deception to push are, like you and me, human beings, pos­ Carmody are following a ruinous policy. us along the road toward war. sessed of a religious conscience-Catholic, If today they are coerced by the A. F. Protestant, and Jew-who have seen religion Just a few days ago he made a state­ destroyed, temporarily at least, by commu­ of L.'s threat of a general strike, tomor­ ment to the press in which, in substance, nistic Russia. Today in that part of Poland row they can be coerced by the threat of he told us that the people of Russia en­ dominated and controlled by communistic a general strike by the C. I. 0. No one joyed religious freedom, the right to Russia they cannot go to their churches. is so foolish as to think that the C. I. 0., worship the God of their choice. They are denied the free exercise of their especially that branch of it which has the That statement was immediately char­ religion, and today priests, ministers, and militant, forceful, and determined John L. acterized by prominent churchmen­ rabbis alike are and will be murdered. I do Lewis at its head, is going to let its mem­ Protestants and Catholics alike-as be­ not care for England, but I have nothing but bers be taken from it, jobs to its members ing obviously untrue, deceptive, mislead­ contempt for Hitlerism and Stalinism. be withheld, by the threat of a general ing. Moreover, the average American Yet today, October 9, we are asked to strike from the A. F. of L. without retalia­ knew that it was untrue. vote a billion or several billions of dol­ tion, without threat of a general strike It is true that the constitution of lars to aid Stalinism and communism, by the C. I. 0. Russia provides for religious freedom, but and right here in America we have If the A. F. of L., by threat, can suc­ that constitution also provides for the schools opening in the city of Chicago to cessfully secure jobs for its members, so making of rules and regulations, and we teach communism. Here in America .we likewise can the C. I. 0. in the automobile know that religious freedom has been, have political campaigns carried on for industry, in the coal mines, in the steel and is peing, denied to the people of the purpose of electing Communists to mills, by strike secure for its members Russia. Certainly, the President is not public office. Let me read you this politi­ employment which it seeks. unaware of conditions in Russia. cal campaign document put out in behalf 7794 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 of a Communist candidate in the city of ters, who tell us that there is no God, that can charge him with not being pretty Detroit not so long ago. It was put out religion is a fraud, were entertained and well acquainted with the facts that sur­ in behalf of a man who was twice con­ upheld by the wife of the Chief Executive. round us in legislation. victed, who served time because of his Congress. appropriated $100,000 or Day before yesterday, on the floor of defiance of draft legislation in the first more to aid the DIES committee in expos­ this House he gave a demonstration of World War, who was convicted of dis­ ing the Communists, and the Communists unfairness that surprised many of his tributing subversive literature, and who broke bread in the President's household. friends. He read the speech of Josef was later restored to his rights of citizen­ Would it be impertinent to inquire Terboven, German Commissioner in Nor­ ship by a pardon from President Roose­ whether before they ate thanks were re­ way, and drew conclusions from that velt, and who is now an active political turned to the God whose existence they speech that many thousands of Nor­ leader in the city of Detroit and the State denied? wegian women and children would starve of Michigan. That campaign document I listened this morning with a great to death unless they embraced the new reads as follows: deal of interest to what the gentleman order of the Nazis. He emphasized the Comrades, workers, friends; to all enemies from Virginia [Mr. WooDRUM] had to fact that this starvation, if it did occur, of oppression; to all fighters for the social say. He knows and we all know' that would be entirely the fault and responsi­ revolution: this money we appropriate by this bill bility of the Nazis. In my judgment The hour of the working class has struck will get us further into this war. There these conclusions were drawn just ahead at last. At last we are being given the chance is no question about that. Our men are of the proposed neutrality legislation to of electing to the Common Council of the already in Iceland. But let me read inflame the people of the United States city of Detroit a member of the Communist Party, a man who knows our needs, and who you what the gentleman from Virginia to such a degree that the existing Neu­ will lead us in obtaining the good things of said on June 28: trality Act would be wiped of! the books. life for ourselves. A man who knows what it The man who stands before the American I ani not a supporter of the Nazi is to suffer from the damnable government people and advocates a declaration of war, regime in Norway or elsewhere-far from which oppresses the working class. A man either does not know anything about what it, but if the Norwegians starve in Nor­ who has served time in one of the dungeons he is talking or e~ he is utterly stupid, or way, let us make sure to put the blame of capitalism for refusing to fight in the last both. where it belongs. Former President war. The man we refer to is Maurice Sugar, Hoover has offered his services to supply who ts nationally known as a fighter for the And yet while there is now no declara­ Communist Party. tion of war and no proposition to declare citizens of occupied countries with food. Negroes: This man will fight for your right war because the administration is afraid He has the ability and the organization to marry white women. This man will fight of that issue, by our acts we furnish the ready to do this humane work, but who for your right to live in any white neighbor­ money which permits the President to says "No''? It is not the Nazis-it is no hood in which you choose. Follow him and go in and carry on an undeclared war. less a person than Winston Churchill, he will show you how to kill the white capi­ I continue the quotation. And get this: Prime Minister of Great Britain. He talists who are grindJng the Negro race back will not permit a food ship to enter the into a condition worse by far than slavery. The idea of this country going off now harbors of any occupied country, and his Foreign born: Do riot vote for the mislead­ and trying to settle the conflicting emotions ers of the Democratic and Republican Parties, and ideologies of Europe to me is ridiculous, reasons are that some of the food might vote for Comrade Sugar, who is the friend of even if we were prepared to do so, and we are find its way to the German Army. Mr. the foreign born, and he will aid in making not. Hoover states that during the First World the revolution against the exploiters of the War, very little of his food was diverted foreign born. . Yet that same gentleman, Mr. WooD­ from its original purpose, and Mr. Comrade Sugar has come out definitely RUM, appears before you today and advo­ Hoover's greatest service to mankind was cates the appropriation of some $6,000,- against the church which has kept the peo­ his provision of food for the starving Bel~ ple in darkness and ignorance for 1,900 years. 000,000. For what purpose? To go of! gians. Mr. Hoover also assures us that His slogan is: Close the churches and make to Europe and settle the conflicting emo­ these buildings into shelters for homeless if permitted to ship food, millions of tions and ideologies of that continent. civilians can be saved from starvation men and women. Down with religion, which Think of it. A quick change since last is the opium, which the ruling class feeds and illness. you to keep you satisfied with the miserable June; is it not? Feeling obligated to keep the promises We have the power to correct this sit­ existence which you lead. There is no God. uation without making inflammatory To all friends of suffering humanity, to all which I made to my people prior to the whose hearts bleed at the sight of starving last November election to secure my seat speeches. We can say to Great Britain: babies in the midst of plenty, to all those in this body; believing as I do that this is "Withdraw your objections to American brave fighters for a better world, to all who not a national-defense measure; that food entering occupied territories of hate the smug priests of the Catholic Church, much of the money will be wasted; that Europe." You may ask, Mr. Chairman, and the slimy, hypocritical ministers of the some of it will be used in violation of what gives us this great power to tell Protestant churches. There are a few ex­ law for political purposes, I feel no hesi­ England to get down of! her high seat ceptions to the above, such as our good com­ and act the role of a human being. I rade, the Rev. J. H. Bollens. To all those who tancy whatever in casting my vote are oppressed by this damnable government against this bill. will tell you why we have this power. we address this message. Vote for our -candi­ When the administration will bring in, This House has it--no other body in the date, the candidate of the only party whicl) or permit a vote on, an appropriation for world has it. We have it through the fights for the workers, the Communist Party. needed national defense or a measure power of appropriation. Our candidate is Maurice Sugar, the inter­ necessary for national defense, I will go Under our Lend Lease Act, it is en­ national labor defense attorney and member lightening to know just how appropria­ of the Communist Party. as far in support of that legislation as Remember the election is November 5. The any Member of this House, and that tions are made. Who advises the com­ only candidate the Communist Party is run­ regardless of the burden which may be mittee on what funds shall be needed? ning this election is Maurice Sugar. For imposed upon the taxpayer. But neither Anyone would think that the Bureau of further information about the Communist now or at any other time will I vote to the Budget, the leaders of the Army, Party, call or write to 5969 Fourteenth Street, impoverish our people to provide and give Navy, Maritime Commission, and the telephone Tyler 4-9660. away materiel necessary for our national President of the United States would be Comradely yours, defense or for funds to further the polit­ the proper persons to make these ·de­ DISTRICT ORGANIZER, ical ambition of any man or group of mands and show the reasons for them. District No. 7, Communist Party. men. But that is not the case. A large body And do not forget that it was the Pres­ Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield to of men appear before Army and Navy ident's wife, the First Lady of the land, the gentleman from North Dakota [Mr. boards-not even citizens of the United who lent her support to the Communists BURDICK] 10 minutes. States-and, strange as it may seem, summoned to appear before the DIES WILL INTEREST CHARGES DESTROY THE NATION? these men get about all they ask for. committee as witnesses. It was the First These men are the British representa­ Lady of the land who entertained the Mr. BURDICK. Mr. Chairman, the tives in the United States who are now Communists at the White House and at majority leader of this House is · one of using the major portion of the taxpayers' her home in Hyde Park. Comrades of the able men of the Congress. No one money. They set forth what they shall those who murdered priests and minis- questions his forensic ability, and no one need and we do a lot of talking and 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7795 squirming, but in the end England gets Raising three and one-half billion to A bill for the further defense of this our money. They are back for more apply on the war debt means nothing, country can be written overnight and now-about six billion more-and I pre­ because we obtain this credit by the issue brought in here for discussion, and such sume we will follow the same course as of interest-bearing bonds. We do not a bill would pass, but today we have be­ before. England will tell us what she have the common sense to issue currency fore us no such bill. Even the propo­ wants and we will do a lot more talking, drawing no interest, but we seem ever­ nents of this bill admit that all of the but finally give her what she wants. lastingly bound to continue the practice money will be given to the allies of Eng­ Suppose now the House should sud­ of issuing bonds instead, and it is com­ land, and mostly to England. denly rise and show more stiffening mon knowledge that they have no greater I am not Willing to swallow two hand­ thab a laundered flour sack. Suppose standing as security than the currency fuls of salt to get a pinch of sugar. we should say: "England, we will not ap­ itself. We perform the idiotic perform­ Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield to propriate another cent to you, and re­ ance of issuing the bonds, selling them, the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. DAYl member it is a gift and nothing else-· getting nothing but a book-entry credit, 15 minutes. unless you permit our ships to carry and then cap the climax by accepting the Mr. DAY. Mr. Chairman, we have food to starving Norway and starving same bonds as security for the issue and reached the point in this debate where France, and all the rest of Europe." delivery of our own currency. We could the atmosphere is beginning to clear. T That would end this bulldog tenacity. of have issued the currency in the first want to compliment the chairman of the the British to withhold food from starv­ place, and if we had we would now save committee [Mr. CANNON of Missouri I ing civilians in Europe. Mr. Speaker, $2,000,000,000 in annual interest on the and the gentleman from Virginia [Mr there is our power and if we want to talk public debt-it will soon be much more WooDRUM) that they did not yield to any about the starving people in Europe, let us than two billion. subterfuge, but they have stated here take one more step and clear the way for Our experience in bond issues demon­ plainly and frankly that every dollar c.f our surplus foods to reach the people of strates that for every bond issue we pay· this apprcpriation, even to the total of the earth who are starving for the want twice, once in interest and once in prin­ $6,000,000,000, in the sole discretion of of it. cipal. This will undoubtedly hold good the President of the United States can be Will this Congress have the courage to with the present war debt, though I am given to the Soviet Union, if he so desires. make this demand, or shall we cringe be­ Willing to predict that the bonds will h~ve It was therefore idle to quibble over what fore the power of Great Britain and let to be refunded and in that case, the in­ was the testimony of Mr. Stettinius or that nation continue to spend our gift terest will approximate twice the amount whether anybody said some for Russia or money as they please and starve inno­ borrowed. But, assuming that we can some part for Russia. The testimony be­ cent people under the pretext that feed­ pay these bonds at maturity, we will have fore the committee amounts to nothing. ing them will injure Great Britain? to take from the people, not only The Lend-Lease Act, the substantive We never have an opportunity to vote $59,000,000,000, but twice that, or $118,- law, for which this is but an appropria­ our convictions on important legislation. 000,000,000. Remember that this calcu­ tion, is the guiding law before us here It seems that every important bill has at lation is based on the appropriations so today. It is our function, then, only to least two separate and distinct proposi­ far, including the present bill. That is implement it. We cannot alter or amenc'l tions, and we are compelled to take all or not half the story. We will appropriate it. none. The objectionable feature is evi­ sixty billion more and perhaps another I want to say to you as a constitutional dently injected into the bill for fear that sixty billion before this war is over if we lawyer-one who has been familiar with standing alone it could not be passed. intend to finance every nation on earth. the history of this country for many So it is with the present bill. No You will thus see that it will not be many years, because I came here as a boy with American would want to vote "No" on a months before the three and one-half President Mckinley when I was 14 years bill raising funds for our own defense, billion raised in the last tax bill will be old, and I have been in and out of Wash­ but in order to vote "Yes" we must ap­ "insufficient to pay the interest on the ington over that long period-! want to prove another feature of the bill which I public debt. What will be the end if we say to you, and I say this with all feel­ cannot support. In this bill we are mak­ keep up this process? The least we can ing, please do not in this Chamber haul ing an::>ther gift to England of $6,000,000,- do now, and I do not believe even that down the flag of the Constitution. The 000 under the guise that we are voting will avoid a chaotic condition in this President of the United States did not funds for the defense of this Nation. country, is to stop issuing bonds and issue even wait for another appl'opriation be­ I do not subscribe to the proposition the currency direct, drawing no interest. fore he, himself, violated the principle that before we can defend America we This interest load in America is more and the letter of the Lend-Lease Act, for must first defend England. The time will dangerous to our liberties than all the the very moment that he sought to ex­ surely come in the history of our country, guns of the Nazis. If we keep on with ercise his powers as Commander in Chief, as it has come before, when we shall have these appropriations and tax the people under the Constitution, he had no need to defend it. When that time comes I in direct, and far greater indirect taxes, of the Congress. So as we stand here want to assure -you that we alone will do until food cannot be bought, we will have today for every dollar we appropriate it the defending. a greater war in America than Europe can be taken directly into the war zone. Those of us who vote "No" on this bill ever had. You are thinking of the Atlantic. I am because we do not want to give away an­ Besides that, this bill is a forerunner not. I am thinking of the Pacific, be­ other $6,000,000,000 will be criticized in of sending our men to Europe. At first cause what will happen when the meas­ the British-paid press and charged with England wanted our good-will. She re­ ure comes here to arm merchant ships? voting against our own defense, but let ceived it. Then she wanted billions un­ There are no war zones in the Russian come what will, I will oppose this gift. der the lease-lend bill. She received it. war. There is no war recognized by the To date we have already appropriated But now she not only wants a gift of President between Germany and Russia. $53,000,000,000 for defense purposes, and six billion, but with the next turn of the So those armed merchant vessels carry­ here comes another bill for $6,000,000,000. wind she will want our men. It seems ing these various lenp-lease materials If this bill passes, we shall have then evident from statements made by· Brit­ will proceed directly into the war zone, appropriated $59 ,000 ,000,000 since July ish generals and desk generals and War and you will be confronted with the fact 1940. Another $60,000,000,000 will be and Navy Secretaries here, that if the "we did not realize that." He has said asked for without a shadov. of a doubt if Nazis are defeated, it will be on German so. He has asked for it. He has asked we continue the philosophy that we can­ soil. If we send our men, where will they not to wait for this Chamber in our de­ not defend ourselves unless we first de­ land? They could be landed· in England, liberations, not for us to exercise th:1t fend Great Britain. What have we done but England now has twice as many men responsibility we owe to our constituents. in order to raise the money to pay this under arms doing nothing, than we have I believe we were all pledged not only to $59,000,000,000? We have passed a tax in all our training establishments. Eng­ not send the son of an American mother bill, about all the people can stand, in the land has been driven off every foot of or an American father to Europe, but-not amount of three and one-half billion­ continental Europe. Does she intend to to send any money. I think we all said­ scarcely a drop in the bucket compared have us lose a million men to gain a foot­ ! know Senator LucAs said it and I know with the debt. hold which she cannot? Senator BROOKS said it, and every one of 7796 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-H-OUSE OCTOBER 9 the Republican candidates for Congress vote a gift of $6,000,000,000 to Joe Stalin cent respect for opposing opinions. in Illinois, of whom we elected 16 in and his infidels and atheists with no Those who vote against this second lease­ 1940-we all pledged that we would not guarantees, with no restraints, is. too lend bill do so because they b8lieye that only send no sons but we would not vote much. I could not go back to Illinois it is for the best interest of the people one dime to carry on a foreign war in and look in the faces of those small busi­ of the United States and for the security Asia, Europe, or Africa. The President nessmen and workingmen, my friends, and defense of our country. Those who made that same pledge. Now, let us not and have them say to me, "STEVE DAY, vote for it undoubtedly do so for the be childish. We are not to be pushed how could you give $6,000,000,000 to same reasons. Those who vote against around. We are men of sense and judg­ Stalin and not think of me?" The taxes this bill are no more pro Hitler than ment, and just as surely as we vote this are high and are getting higher. This those who vote for it. That is not· the $6,000,000,000, unlimited as it is in the committee report states that 15 to 20 issue. The one test and the only ques­ sole discretion of the President, he can percent of our factories are in the war tion involved in this proposal is, what is take that material, place it on that armed work now. It soon will rise to 50 percent, ·best to promote the general welfare of mcrcl=.a.n.t :Ycoocl, a.i=.a cO.ri'y it a.c.i'o~.:. tl'ic ami every aui~ar we pm; mm Jeiia-iease Lilt:: UHiLt:li BLctLt::s. ocean into Vladivostok or the Japanese will raise that percentage of ali-out effort The present bill authorizes the Presi­ Sea, and if this war in Russia continues for war materials. Each time the level dent of the United States to lend aid to to go against Stalin, you will see Japan of that percentage rises you increase the any government of any country whose stiffen again, and you may have your war cost of doing business to the small busi­ defense the President deems vital to the in the Pacific rather than in the Atlantic, nessman, you increase his heartaches defenses of the United States. or in both. We will face a war in two and the heartaches of the workingman. The RECORD shows that : have voted oceans with a Navy that will not be pre­ They sent me here. I am proud of it. for every appropriation bill to provide parP.n. until 1946. I shall remain true to them. And so I for the national defense of our country. I will not waste any of my few mo­ -ask of you not to be hurried and pushed I voted against the lease-lend policy and ments speaking to you on the financial around in so important a matter when the appropriation of $7tOOO,OOO,OOO which transactions. That has been done by such haste is not nec~ssary. It will take was intended to implement it. There is men far more able than myself. I am until June of 1943 before the materials no obligation or responsibility on the not a man of figures. But I hope it will to.be produced under the first lend-lease part of the United States to police the be the sense of this Chamber-millions of bill will actually get into use. The entire world. To be the world's arsenal men and women, mothers who must edu­ scheme of having lend-lease appropria­ of democracy, in my opinion; does not cate their children, anxious minds and tions follow in a series is to have a con­ mean that we must be the Santa Claus hearts all over America-and I have tinuous :flow ·of materials. This bill is .cf the earth. heard from hundreds _of thousands of only one of a series. One bill will follow Under the first lease-lend bill, $200,- them during this last summer when I led the other into more and more billions, 000,000 was given to the President as a the fight to prevent any aid for atheism, more unemployment, higher prices, more blank cheek to use as he saw fit. Under and they have come to me prayerfully inflation, more wreck and disaster to free this bill aproximately $1,000,000,000 is and begged me to come here and raise America. So I say to you we are asked given him as a blank check to dispose of my voice, as I have tried to do. But let to follow a road which has no end, a road as he sees fit. For example, subsection no one fool you that the spurious Phi­ of continuous appropriations. C, section 101, title I, provides for $285,- losophy of Karl Marx can be anything They will say to us in reply that the 000,000 for necessary services and ex­ that is spiritual. President fixes the foreign policy. It is penses-not specified. More than $2,- Let no one fool you that article 124 of true the President does have the right to 000,000,000 of the $6,000,000,000 is pro­ Stalin's constitution is the same as the fix the foreign policy of the country, but vided for materials of war. All of this American Bill of Rights, it cannot be; the thing will finally come back to you. could be sent to Russia under the present but it can raise this danger signal. If Your constituents will say: "You stood bill; a government which has given notice the President of the United States in up there in that Congress and voted the to the world that it proposes to destroy whose hand, in whose heart, and even money; now tell me why I should send or overthrow every capitalistic form of on whose soul rests the responsibility you back again." It will be a hard thing government on earth; that includes the now of guiding our future through the to meet, because these taxes now reach United States. Godless Russia stands dangerous waters of the world, if he is so down into the pocket of the little fellow for the things which we oppose. unmindful that he cannottell the differ­ making $750 a year. This is not much The hearings and report on this bill, ence between that article of Stalin's con­ money, but even that little fellow has consisting of nearly 1,000 pages, were stitution and our own Bill of Rights, I been brought into the direct Federal tax released and given to the Members of the beg of .you men of the South, men of the picture. House of Representatives on the day that North, the East, and the West, my fellow My time is limited, but in conclusion debate began on this :floor, namely, yes­ Representatives, let us be true to our own let me say we are going to offer a motion terday. To read the hearings and report oath and remind and rebuke those who to prevent the use of, this $6,000,000,000 before a vote is taken on this bill is not would depart from it that we stand on for aid to the Soviet Union. I do not be­ possible. that right of religious freedom and we lieve. such a motion is out of place. It is Our Nation is committed to a policy of mean it; we stand for that right of free­ the only way we can register our opposi­ giving outright aid to every country on dom of speech and freedom of the press tion to that policy, and we oppose it be­ earth willing to fight the Axis Powers on and we mean it; we hold to the right of cause such aid will be used only to in­ the ground that it is in the interest of our free assembly, we hold to the right to crease Communist propagandr in Amer­ national defense. The amount that this exercise within our conscience and our ica. I, for one, and I hope others will policy might cost the American people is hearts every ounce and iota of the priv­ join me, would rather leave this Chamber unknown and unlimited and may well ilege and prerogatives which the Con­ than have it said of me I forgot my mean the economic collapse of the United stitution has giv~ us. fellow citizen in Illinois but became a States. Perhaps I have spoken out of turn from mighty close admirer and buddy of old To provide the means for building our time to time since I have been here, but Joe Stalin after I got to Washington. · own defenses or providing for adequate I have fought 20 years to become a Mem­ Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield national defense of our own country ber of this body, to be here as a Con­ such time as he may require to the gen­ would be a very small sum compared with gressman, to have the right to raise my tleman frorp Michigan [Mr. DoNDERO]. the colossal sums already provided to as­ voice where I could say what was in my sist the countries now engaged in a sec­ heart in the freedom of debate, and I INCREASING AMERICA'S BURDENS ond World W-:1r in Europe. It is said that could not sit quiet during this debate. Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, the the purpose and reason for this philos­ I have fought communism and Com­ bill before the House to appropriate $6,- ophy is to keep the war a way from the munists for 25 years all over America. I 000,000,000, in the name of national de­ United States. As much as we abhor and have lectured in almost every State at fense, has generated a sharp difference detest Hitlerism and everything that his my own expense when I hardly knew of opinion. It presents one of the grav­ new order in Europe stands for, yet no where the next meal was coming from. est responsibilities that can come to a nation on earth-not even Germany­ Then to ask me to come down here and Member of Congress. Let there be a de- has threatened the peace or security of 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7797 our country. We have irritated and com­ On the contrary, in the face of a mount­ It has come to the point where anyone mitted deliberate acts of unneutrality ing national debt, impending financial expressing any opposition toward this ad­ which would warrant Germany or Italy disaster, and economic collapse, with in­ ministration and its policies is con­ to declare war against us, yet those na­ evitable inflation, with all the misery that demned. We have a man who was sup­ tions have not threatened an attack or follows in its train, this Government pro­ posed as head of the Republican Party invasion of this hemisphere. H~d the ceeds to spend more and more every day going around over the country-and I . tables been reversed, we would have gone without any thought of economy. refer to Mr. Willkie-saying that any Re­ to war against the Axis Powers long ago. publican who does not support this ad­ The end is not yet. On page 6 of the Believing that the course we are now ministration and its war policY, he will committee report appears this ominous pursuing will lead to consequences I have go out and campaign against him at the and disheartening statement: pointed out, I cannot support this bill. next election. May I say to Mr. Willkie, Every step that has been taken since that Mr. Roosevelt, Mr. Stimson, Mr. Knox, or The amount allowed in this blll is esti­ first fatal step in the special session of mated to be obligated by March of 1942 at anybody else-! do not care who it is nor which time it is now contemplated that ad­ 1939 to repeal the embargo on arms has where he comes from-that he has the ditional funds will be required. led this Nation, in my opinion, toward the right to go into my d:strict and force a brink of war. The latest move has been vote-it is undemocratic and un-Ameri­ The greatest danger menacing the the issuance of an order by the President United States today is not invasion or can. If the people of my district do not to the Navy to "shoot at sight." That want ·me to represent them, then, Gad attack by the Axis Powers but the trend act was an act of undeclared war. of socialism and comqmnism threatening forbid, I do not want to represent them. This bill fulfills a prophecy I made in When the time comes that I have to carry the destruction of our republican form March of this year that with the passage of government. Men and women who ap­ this Nation into war and ru·nation, as I parently Have no sympathy with our form of the colossal sum of $7,000,000,000 for honestly believe will happen if we keep of government and who are notorious for the defense of other countries that it on the way we are headed, then I will their socialistic theories and leanings are would be the beginning of a demand for cease to represent them; I will part com­ appointed to and hold high places in the other huge sums. That prophecy is ful­ pany with those people, because I have administration of national affairs. With­ filled today in this demand Iur $6,000,- a right to my own belief. I have a right in our gates, and not without, lies the 000,000 more, and in March of next year to believe in the things that I think are great danger to our American system of we are already warned that other billions for the best interest of America. That government and way of life. With every . will be demanded. To my mind, the end is what I am trying honestly and fear­ passing day the American people will owe of this course may be the end of this lessly to do. Government and the end of freedom in As we sit here in this Chamber we see more, have less, and enjoy less of the the United States. With it will vanish the picture of Washington and Lafayette, fruits of a free government. our standard of living, our way of life, and we see our :flag. I just want to quote That we should impose upon the and every principle and fundamental the following from George Washington's world our concept of government is pre­ thing cherished by the American Nation. Farewell Address: posterous and runs counter to the very Let me warn my countrymen again that things we have insisted upon for our­ Excessive partiality for one foreign nation the credit of this Nation is not inex­ and excessive dislike for another cause those selves, namely, the right to govern our haustible. We grow weaker and not whom they actuate to see danger only on one own affairs. Such proposals are the very stronger with every passing day, and side and serve to veil and even second the "foreign entanglements" which Wash­ arts of in:tluence on the other. ington warned his countrymen to avoid. when we have been reduced to poverty and the resources of the Nation have been George Washington did not want this We ignored and disregarded it once be­ exhausted the enemies of America and fore in 1917 and placed upon the backs country to take an active part jn the tur­ of the people of this Nation a burden all its subversive interests may step for­ moils of Europe. George Washington which this and succeeding generations ward and administer the coup de grace had the interests of America at heart must toil and sweat to pay. We are again to the Republic of the United States. just the same as those of us v·ho speak meddling in foreign affairs with very I can reiterate today everything that I against the pending legislation questionable justification, and have in 15 said on this :floor in March of this year What is this lease-lend 1.ppropriation months appropriated a large percentage in opposition to the $7,000,000,000 bill. bill and why cio we have it? It is because of the assessed valuation of our country­ Events which have occurred since then we had ne11trality legislation on our stat­ all in the name of national .defense-but have strengthened my convictions that ute books which the President is now by in fact under a policy of sustaining gov­ this Nation is being led to war. this message of this afternoon asking us ernment ab.road engaged a second world Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield to repeal. That is the reason we have war. We may soon learn to our sorrow 15 minutes to the gentleman from Penn­ the lease-lend bill. No one but the Presi­ that a policy which includes policing the sylvania [Mr. RicH]. dent of the United States would have entire world may be the downfall of this .Mr. RICH. Mr. Chairman, I am glad dared suggest any such legisi.ation as the Republic. to note there are about 15 Democrats lease-lend bill. It is crazy, foolish legis­ Under the provisions of the previous present and about 40 Republicans. Not­ lation, enacted to get around the John­ lease-lend bill, amounting to $7,000,000,- withstanding the lateness of the hour, son Act and the Neutrality Act. This 000, passed by Congress on March 27, there are a few of us opposed to this administration has a happy f:lculty in 1941, 7 months ago, only 3 percent of the legislation who wish to express ourselves doing that, beating around the bush as it war materials provided thereun -er has on the floor of this House. We deem were. · been delivered, less than · 6 percent has it our duty to remain here, though it On March 11 this year, when you ap­ been expended, and approximately 50 be to midnight. propriated $7,000,000,000 to carry on his percent has been cbligated, and the bal­ A great question confronts the Ameri­ ideas of lend-lease, we gave him the an~e is on hand, amounting to more than ca.n people, not so much in my judgment power to distribute that money as he $3,000,000,000. the question of appropriating $6,000,- · saw fit. Now he comes in an1 asks for In the face of this record we are now 000,000 as the question whether America an additional $5,985,000,000, wh~ch means · asked to take $6,000,000,000 more of the shall enter the war through the means for every man, woman, and child in taxpayers' money and throw it to the re­ employed by this administration. And America the sum of $99.85. That means morseless and relentl~s god of war-not I want it understood I am against this the people have got to dig down in their for the d=fense of the United States but country entering the European war. It pockets at some time in the future and for building up the military might and is suicide for American form of govern­ pay out that amount just because the establishment of other nations, one hav­ ment and American liberty, and Ameri­ President wants to give it away or lend ing given public notice of its determina­ can independence. I do not question the it, never to havP it returned, in order to tion to destroy this Government. sincerity of any man in Congress when aid countries 3,000 or more miles away One of the prerequisites of national he speaks his mind, nor do I want anyone from the American shores. I am of the defense is a sound financial structure, and to question my sincerity, because I stand same opinion as the gentleman from yet no effort has been made to curtail the 100 percent for America, 100 percent for Kentucky, who spoke a few moments cost of government or to reduce internal American institutions, American free­ ago and referred to the man in Ken­ expenditures for nondefense purposes. dom, and American liberty. tucky who was going to go after the man 7798 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 in California because he wanted to pro­ is leading us, as I feel within my own for this bill because they have furnished tect himself. Let the man from Cali­ conscience, to destruction, and he has only about $300,000,000 worth of mate­ fornia come to him. I say to Hitler or been doing it for 8 or 9 years. He has rials to Great Britain under the Colombia, within easy range of the Panama Canal. I could multiply instance after the American Aviation Magazine hence. upon instance. exposed them. Then, and only then, Mr. Chairman, how generous have the belatedly, did Britain request two planes British been with Americans in this hour The Commander in Chief translated of the six from the Canadian company. of their crisis, in this hour when we have his fears into action. The President au­ A few months ago the President was come to their rescue, in this hour when thorized the incorporation of the Latin impressed by the fact t.hq,t 4-engine they represent that they are on their 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE ·7801 knees and look to us solely for help. I lost because the credit extended by the firms and British firms. I quote from charge now that the British keep us from New York bank has expired. Time magazine. knowing the extent of their production. Think of it, Mr. Chairman, the British The British (Metropolitan-Vickers) under­ An American spark-plug manufacturer Government gives priority ratings to bid General Electric on a $10,500,000 electrifi­ whose name I will not disclose is sending American manufacturers for merchan­ cation program for the Brazilian Central spark-plugs to England. It makes no dise to be shipped to a foreign country. Railway, which carries manganese for the difference whether it is lease-lend or Let us look at this case: A certain in­ United States. Vickers could not fulfill its whether it is out of the program. He dustry in the United States has a branch contract, but it kept General Electric out so was supposed to find out whether the plant in London. The British Purchas­ long that the road will probably get no new plugs were "keeping them flying over ing Commission contacted the officials equipment for the duration. This means the United States must ~hip it coal instead. there." He asked for a report. The of the company in America and ordered British spark-plug manufacturer had 500 units of their product, needed by the Shall we put it this way, Mr. Chair­ organized a parent company to service British Army. A few days later, while man? We were Uncle Shylock in the these American plugs. The American the company was trying to get priority twenties, Uncle Sam in the thirties, and manufacturer failed to get a report from ratings at the Office of Production Man­ Uncle Sucker in the forties. them. So he asked the British to see agement for needed materials, someone Mr. Chairman, I hold in my ·hand an for himself the result of American genius. in the American company discovered advertisement from a British company What was the British answer to our that they had the identical units desired to an American manufacturer. I quote lease-lend hospitality? Here is the by the British Purchasing Commission from it: record: available in their London warehouse. To business houses and fire squad leaders: The British told this American manu­ They so advised the British Commission. Give confidence to your men and reduce their facturer of spark-plugs that they would The British Purchasing Commission said danger by supplying them with our shields. not allow him to see anything in the to the American company: Price each, $5, carriage paid. Cash with official field. They would not allow him We do not want the 500 units that are order. No c. o. d. Constructed on 20-gage to go inside the plant that was servicing in your London warehouse because we would best British sheet steel. • • • As sup­ have to pay cash on the barrelhead for them. plied to leading industrial concerns for their his own spark-plugs. They would not fire squads and to nobility and gentry allow him to see their latest technique of We want them purchased in America so we throughout England. building or servicing spark-plugs. Mr. can get them out of lease-lend funds. Chairman, this man was not a sightseer. Mr. Chairman, let us take the case for Who is the advertiser of this product He is a producer of American national the enamel industry in the United States. containing 20· gage, best British steel, defense-the spark-plug-the heart of Its industry's supplies are principally which is refused to our own industries in "keeping them flying." steel, and the manufacturers of enamel the United States, causing shut-downs Is it not necessary and vital that those products cannot expect to get the same and unemployment of workers here in our industries upon whom we depend to "keep tonnage in 1942 as they had in 1941. own country, putting men in the bread­ them flying" for our own national de­ The industry is told steel is needed for line? The name is Herrs, 217-219 Green­ fense be allowed to see how their product national defense and for the lease-lend wich High Road, London. is holding up in this laboratory of war? program. One manufacturer I know of Now let us dip back into the pages of a The Members of this House should resent is losing his market in a Western Hemi­ free press on the 20th of March 1941. this attitude of the British who come sphere island, and listen to the reason : We cannot read these pages of the 20th knocking at our door asking for gifts of England is giving better service to the and the days that followed without gain­ American genius. iSland customers on enameled ware than ing the impression that $7,000,000,000 Mr. Chairman, another case worthy of those same customers are able to get from worth of guns, ammunition, tanks, and note and representing considerable inter­ the United States. supplies were on their way to England within 48 hours. You cannot read the est in view of the fact that American The enamel industry will be curtailed paper of IV~arch 20 without coming to the small business today is having an ex­ or shut down in America, Mr. Chairman, tremely difficult time to obtain priorities conclusion thr.t the opponents of lease­ so that England can fabricate her steel lend, foreseeing these dangers in the last and necessary material to continue busi­ into cooking utensils and other items of ness is the case of a certain marine engine great deliberative body in the world, were commerce. On top of that, England can obstructing the welfare of our Nation. works located in Ohio. This certain give better service to the customers in company received an order for approxi­ These opponents were not vindicated the Western Hemisphere island. until the President revealed that only mately 20 engines to be used in patrol Let us take British exports to Argen­ boats in Chinese waters. In order to $85,000,000 was spent by our Government tina. Mr. Chairman, there has been an in the first 90 days. construct these engines it was necessary increase of 17 percent of these British to obtain reverse gears from a certain exports to Argentina instead of a 10- That does not mean that we delivered ·company located in Massachusetts. In percent expected seasonal drop. The $85,000,000 worth of material to England order to obtain these reverse gears a pri­ biggest shipments were machinery, for her defense in the first 90 days. ority was demanded, and the engine com­ $1,920,000 for the first 6 months of 1941; A1:. of August 31, 1941, only $388,000,000 pany representative immediately came to tin plate, $1,530,000; 'iron and steel prod­ was spent by our Government out of the Washington to make the necessary con­ ucts, $1,080,000; copper and bronze $7,000,000,000 that this Congress appro­ tact with the 0. P. M. products, mostly wire, $750,000. These priated for lease-lend aid to the democ­ Here he discovered it was necessary for are all competitive United States prod­ racies, and particularly to Britain. him to make contact with the Colonial ucts, and the United States is short of Please remember that the $388,000,000 Supply Liaison of the British Govern­ them. figure is not the amount of stuff that we ment, located here in Washington, who Mr. Chairman, let us take the case for delivered to England under this lease­ would, in turn, make a recommendation shipping. Our Maritime Commission lend appropriation. to the 0. P.M. for the type of priority to has been given huge appropriations for Why has not more than this amount be granted to this company. British ships. Latin-American shipping been spent of the original $7,000,000,000 This was claimed necessary, since the companies in the midst of an alleged appropriated? The answer obviously is British are reported to have jul'isdiction world shortage are unable to get navi­ that the entire productive capacity of our of the patrol boats in Chinese waters. certs unless they insure their cargoes Nation at this very hour according to the This recommendation was made by the with British companies. In April 1941 release of Secretary Morgenthau is British and in due course of time a rating all Argentine insurance companies were $1,300,000,000 per month. was given to the Ohio concern for the advised by London to reinsure only with To date there has been over $50,000,- reverse gears. When this rating was Britain. Whoever refused were put on 000,000 appropriated by Congress for our forwarded to the producer of reverse the British blacklist. This, Mr. Chair­ national defense and for lease-lend. The gears in Massachusetts it was found that man, prevailed in Western Hemisphere productive capacity of American industry the rating of the British was so low that shipping. cannot absorb at this time more than the company cannot get the materials to Mr. Chairman, let us take a typical ex­ $1,300,000,000 per month. The vain produce the engines. The business is ample of competition between American hopes for more than $1,300,000,000 will 7802 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 not be answered by adding to the enor­ I quote Mr. Knudsen in the October 4, purpose of .argument that we are in an mous appropriations heretofore passed 1941, issue of the Saturday Evening Post: undeclared naval war; that we are in the by this Congress. Words and oratory of All right, shut down; you'll have to hustle war now; it cannot be won by dreamy this House will not produce one. more for something to open up with. promises and orations on this floor or by plane or tank for America's defense or fireside chats. It cannot be won by im­ for Britain's war. Your vote against title I places you in pounding materials that the factories We are united for making America the the other school who would do it grad­ cannot fabricate, that throttle and choke strongest Nation in the world. Our votes ually, with as little damage as possible to the small business man of America. The on appropriations for national defense the internal economy. Your vote will be question is, When will the first billion testify to our unanimity. But we cannot on the side of the greatest productive dollars' worth of material-! mean ord­ throw off the cloak of responsibility by genius America has. I quote again from nance, tanks, guns, and planes-be telling the American people that we have the same Post article: delivered? safeguarded our homes and the four free­ I happen to belong to the latter school, as All of the "four freedoms" of the doms by answering "yes" on every ap­ I see no particular object in having idle men President, the seven points of the propriation bill requested by the Presi­ and idle machines in the transition period between civilian curtailment and increased Churchill-Roosevelt conference, are idle dent. We must pull the false whiskers defense production. promises to a troubled world, if America off all of the propaganda that we hear in cannot produce. Remember that the America, emanating from abroad. If You can stagnate the program of our $1,300,000,000 is the top production figure we are disunited today there is certainly own national defense and break down to date. no reason for it. You who favor more completely aid to Britain, by voting all Your vote against title I of this bill and more aid to Britain, and :rou who other appropriation bills that will follow will in no way affect, hurt, harm, or de­ oppose giving Britain another dime, can before July 1942. Our Government can­ stroy our national-defense program, aid look at the hard cold facts that present not spend the money faster than $1,300,- to Britain, aid to any other democracy, themselves today. 000,000 per month. bloody Joe Stalin, or the friends we think Mr. Chairman, our problem is not one We are lured into a false sense of se­ we have, until the material is off the of $5,985,000,000 additional lease-lend curity by appropriating more money. I assembly line. funds. This appropriation will not buy say that the entire defense program will Your vote on this bill will not "keep one dime's worth more for aid to Britain. bog down and lease-lend aid to Britain 'em flying." Your ardor and your en­ You cannot get away from the hard cold will falter because these appropriations, thusiasm for title I of this bill, or your facts. American industrial capacity can the same as the last $50,000,000,000 ap­ opposition to it, will not determine the only consume $1,300,000,000 per month at propriated, has bought only $1,300,000,- battle of Europe, nor will it have any the present time. Therefore, the Treas­ 000 per month, and has only succeeded in effect in any shape or form, because not ury Department cannot possibly start to impounding more and more materials one penny's worth of the money you are spend the funds provided in this bill with priorities, that cannot be fabricated voting in this bill can come from the until July 1, 1942. I think that means until 1942 and 1943. assembly line of American factories no deliveries out of this bill to the friends Tie up the sheet steel if you will by until the latter part of 1942. you want to aid probably until Januar;9 these appropriations. Tie up 10,000,000 Mr. VORYS of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, 1, 1943. additional tons of sheet steel. They can­ will the gentleman yield? Our problem is not more money. Our not make it into ordnance and equipment Mr. JONES. I yield. problem is expanding American indus­ for -America and the democracies of the Mr. VORYS of Ohio. I have been lis­ trial capacity. Fifty-one billion dollars world until 1942. And what have you tening with great interest to your analy­ already appropriated will do that as fast left in America? I will tell you the re­ sis of lease-lend administration. I have as American ingenuity can make dollars sult now, and there is no doubt about it. been informed that the lease-lend Com­ into production lines of raw materials Five million .q:1en will be out of work; the missioners go around the country offer­ and finished products. small businessmen will be ruined; the in­ ing American manufacturers higher Appropriate $100,000,000,000 for aid to ternal economy of the country will be prices for the same product than our own Britain and the wheels of industry in wrecked; nobody will have raw materials armed services are offering. I was told America can accelerate no faster than lying in the warehouses except the Brit­ of an instance where this was done. they are today without such a dreamy­ ish Purchasing Commission and the Does the ·gentleman know whether that eyed, unrealistic program of appropriat­ Army and Navy, while 5,000,000 men and is typical or whether that is exceptional ing money. $6,000,000,000,$25,000,000,000, their families will walk in the bread lines in the case of the Administration of or $100,000,000,000 passed by this House of America. You will break the back­ lease-lend? next Friday and by the Senate in 2 weeks, bone of our people; you will break down Mr. JONES. If you will look in the and signed by the President by Novem­ their morale, and convert the American RECORD tomorrow, you will see one case ber 1, will not put one more pound of ma­ way of life into state socialism and com­ after another of the selfishness of the terial in Britain's hands within this fiscal plete regimentation and control from British Government in dealing with the year. It will cause less material to be Washington. You cannot get away from American Government under this lease­ sent to Britain. these facts, Mr. Chairman. lend program, which I, as ~ lawyer, be­ Here is the hal d, cold logic you cannot We must ask ourselves these questions lieve is substantiated by competent escape. This $6,000,000,000 will impound here and now. What is the purpose of evidence. I believe this brief raises a $6,000,000,000 worth more materials. the lease-lend bill? What is the purpose presumption that the example you state They cannot be fabricated for over a of billions and billions of appropriations could be typical. year. It will destroy the small business­ if they cannot buy anything now; if [Here the gavel fell.] man of the Nation. He cannot produce materials cannot be fabricated into use­ Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield 10 if you impound his materials today that ful defense equipment until 1942 and minutes to the gentlewoman from Illi­ national defense and the democracies 1943? We cannot escape this hard, cold nois [MiSS SUMNERl. cannot fabricate until a year from now. question. Is the purpose of the lease­ Miss SUMNER of Illinois. Mr. Chair­ We decide on Friday which school of lend bill to give aid to Britain? Is it to man, if tomorrow you pass this bill ap­ thought this House will adopt in trans­ make America the arsenal of the democ­ propriating an additional $5,000,000,000 forming this Nation's industrial output racies? Or is it to give America state of lend-lease aid you need not be sur­ from a minimum of production to satisfy socialism? At this very moment nobody prised if within 4 months there will be the wants of everybody to the maximum can tell when the first billion dollars' such a paroxysm in the national eco­ production of armaments. worth of material will be delivered to nomic system caused by inflation that If we pass title I of this bill we will join Britain under the original $7,000,000,000 people all over the country will be crying, the ruthless school. When an American appropriation. Nobody on the commit­ ''Why did you do it?" The only reply businessman comes to Vvashington in a tee, nobody in the Congress, nor the you can make will be a feeble "I didn't panic seeking priorities on materials al­ President himself can tell when the sec­ want to vote aid which would be 'too lit­ ready impounded here is what your vote ond billion dollars' worth is going to be tle and too late,' so I went to the other for the bill will answer: delivered to Britain. Assuming for the extreme and v9ted 'too much too soon.' " 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7803 So far in this debate nobody has hardly . the amount; you must also watch the will cause the spending of infinitely larger mentioned the inflationary consequences _speed of your spending. sum-s of G:>vernment money for defense, of this appropriation. There has been The business of holding down prices · for wages and salaries, for pensions, and some talk of the cost in terms of st>ldiers' of hundreds of thousands of commodi­ so forth. Inflation is like drinking. The lives and taxes to be paid currently and . ties of various kinds and qualities and first drink stimulates and whets the ap­ in the future. Apparently, however, eve_n weights with infinite opportunities on petite. But you have to be careful lest, some of those who, 'like me, launched the part of producers, manufacturers, as you keep on drinking, you will not be their congressional campaigns in 1938 be­ wholesalers, and retailers and bootleggers drunk before you know it. cause they believed that the country was for chiseling on the consumer will not The classic example of inflation is Ger­ maneuvering toward war. dictatorship, be the same problem here as it is in a many after the last war, when money and bankruptcy do not appreciate that relatively small country like England or kept growing cheaper and cheaper, prices the inflation has already begun. Perhaps Germany or Canada. The amounLs we ever rising, rising, rising, until even those like me you explained to the people that are sp::mding here are much larger than who most feared communism demanded national bankruptcy is extreme inflation in the past war, so the price-control a system which put the same yoke around and showed them, as I tried to do, how problem is correspondingly more intri­ their necks as communism. with continually increasing spending cate. I believe that it cannot be effec­ Some of the business leaders who are there comes a time when prices leap up tively accomplished except with a mighty already demanding the strait jacket to so frantically that here, as in Germany, army of policemen and Federal in­ cover every price. ·wage, income, and ac­ people will have to demand dictatorship spectors and hordes of uninformed pzr­ tivity in the Nation believe that, at the because without it they are unable to se­ sons going to Federal jails-a situation end of the'war. we can shift back into a cure the necessities of existence. If you which will be almost intolerable to our peacetime economy by simply going into did, your people may find it difficult to freedom-loving people. production of gocds long denied the peo­ forgive your vote for this appropriation. The matter of estimating the amount ple. But neither they nor anybody can Up until a couple of months ago the of raw materials and allocating them for tell how long this war will endure. Cer­ country as a whole seemed not yet to defense and nondefense uses has already tainly it will be utterly difficult to trans­ have had enough inflation. Prices were confounded the Government agency form a people who have been without stilJ going up only limpingly. A little charged with the job. They have not self-reliance for any long period of time inflation would be wholesome, would help yet thought of any satisfactory formula back into an economy where the indi­ pay private debts long overdue, and wou~d · for solving the problem. I am safe in vidual is required to be self-reliant. raise incomes and wages abnormally low predicting that the expenditure of this To get out of the economic strait for many years. $5,000,000,000 will throw out of produc­ jacket-a whole nation trying to squirm Now, however, those of us who have tion many more industries than the first like Houdini-without a terrible depres­ been siding in the Banking and Currency appropriation of eight billions. sion worse than our last is certain to Committee hearing evidence on the price­ You can hold down the prices of some be the most difficUlt feat this Nation has control program are perceiving that al­ commodities as you did in the last war ever attempted, and it will not g~ve us ready we have reached the point where and take same little pressure off con­ much.confidence to remember that until the rate of rise causes suffering. Prices sumers and make the producers of those the war we never really began to get are going up too rapidly for wages, sal­ commodities pay, through diminished out of the last depression. aries, and pensions to keep abreast of incomes, an increased share of the cost In a few weeks the price-control bill them. Prices of some articles are vault­ of the war. It is apparent, however, will be presented to you. You wHl then ing out of line. While the cost of living from the protests of farmers and wage have to choose one of three alternatives, in general has increased around 10 per­ earners, more aware of their political any one of which will cause you excruci­ cent, prices of some articles and in some strength this time than in the last war, ating anguish: communities have risen as high as 50 that this time they refuse to become the Flrst. A plan forcing one or more percent in a few months. Worse still, the scapegoats. This time they will not let groups of the people to bear an unfair impact of the first tremendous lend-lease you take from their economic rights share of the cost of the war-groups appropriation is only beginning to be felt. while you permit others to go free. They w:fficiently powerful to retaliate politi­ The money has just begun to spin around. are demanding the right which is im­ cally. There are billions under the first appro­ plicit in the Constitution-the right of Second. A plan to put the entire Na­ priation yet to be spent that Congress equality before the law. tion under economic dictatorship. has already said shall be spent. We do Recognizing this, the National Associa­ Third. To vote down any plan and not know where we are. It seems quite tion of Manufacturers yesterday en­ leave the country without price-control certain that the effect of this appropria­ dorsed the proposal that everybody measures and subject to an inflation tion will be like flooding the engine of an should be blanketed under restriction which, they will soon see, is worse than automobile. equally. Inflation, their spokesman told dictatorship. In many communities the effect of the us, is more to be feared than dictator­ The only opportunity you have to avoid spending has already been heartbreak­ ship. making that choice is right here and now. ing. Scarcity of raw materials has al­ In spite of all our experiments with If you do not spend this money now. ready closed down factories all over the pump-priming, no scientist that we know you may still perhaps avoid disastrous United States, turning many thriving of has yet worked out rules concerning inflation. little towns into skeletons of themselves, inflation which would furnish a reliable I do not wish to be understood as say­ forcing multitudes of our people to go guide enabling us to predict with any­ ing that the economy might not absorb on relief. Already, millions of persons thing like certainty the amount of price this sum 5 months from n(JW. I want on fixed pensions or incomes which, rise which would be caused by this appro­ you either to cut down the amount of even in normal times, would be near the priation, nor the time in which the full this bill to the items needed for home subsistence level are suffering real pri­ effect would have been felt, nor even the defense, or send it back to 1;he committee vation due to price rises. Unfortunately, rate at which prices might be expected to to be held there for at least 4 months, the people of our Nation have been led rise. or until we have a chance to observe the to believe that the price-control bill In this serious moment, however, I feel -effect of the previous · dose of inflation proposed by the administration will keep that I, as a. member of the committee and determine whether or not the coun­ down the cost of living. The evidence considering price control, shoUld offer try can safely take another one. I have been hearing on the committee, you my opinion for what it is worth, if I have never feared the imposition of however, does not substantiate that op­ anything. I believe that to appropriate slavery upon our people from without. timistic claim. I tremble to think of the anything like the sum of money con­ I think that any living foreign dictator effects of the big dose of inflation con­ tained in this bill at the present time will would be insane to try to invade us. I tained in the present appropriation. close down many more factories than the do, however, fear the slavery which our There are two big things you have to same sum did 6 months ago. I further people will impose upon themselves when watch when you are causing inflation­ believe that it will send us into an accel­ and if they are led to believe that it is two pressure gauges: You must watch erated price inflation, which, in turn, for the best interest of their country. 7804 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 Roosevelt and his henchmen have voting for the appropriation. I have not The bill before us, as has been pointed shown an insatiable appetite for power changed my views and, with your per­ out, carries a total of $5,985,000,000. and have always refused to give up any mission, I read from that speech which Added to the $7,000,000,000 already ap­ power you granted to them. It is too is found in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of proprfated, this makes a total of almost much to believe that they will relinquish March 18, 1941. I said: $13,000,000,000 for lease-lend purposes. · without a desperate struggle the abso­ This figure added to the $46,000,000,000 lutism which increasing inflation is go­ I voted against the lend-lease-give bill, and which has been made available for na­ ing to put into their hands within the I have no apologies to make for that action. tional-defense purposes, gives a total of next few months. I did what I could legitimately to prevent the $59,000,000,000 appropriated either for Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield enactment of that bill, because I was op­ posed to the power granted to the President lend-lease or national-defense purposes such time as he may desire to the gen­ and because I was convinced that the blllled since the 1st of July 1940, all for expendi­ tleman from Michigan [Mr. MlcHENERl. to war and not to peace. ture in respect of commodities to be Mr. MICHENER. Mr. Chairman, dur­ The lend-lease-give law establishes a new furni.~hed for the most part prior to June ing the last 2 days this bill has been thor­ foreign policy. The bill passed the House 30, 1943. oughly debated. Any Member of Con­ and the Senate by substantial majorities and On September 15 last the President gress who has remained on the floor is now the law of the land. The people, submitted his second report on lend-lease throughout the debate must understand through their chosen Representatives in the activities. In the debate on yesterday fully the arguments on all sides. When Congress, have spoken. The verdict has been the very able and reliable gentleman 435 Members of Congress have had suffi­ rendered. In the language of the gentleman from New York [Mr. TABER) the die has been from Massachusetts [Mr. WIGGLES­ cient time to study proposed' legislation, cast. WORTH]. a member of the Subcommittee and ample opportunity to debate, the Under this 1a·.1 the United States is today on Appropriations reporting this bill, in­ vote should at least be intelligent. Of the official arsenal for the democracies of the cluded a table of allocations, cbligations, course, much of the debate has been ir­ world. The law provides all-out aid for those and expenditures by departments as of relevant to the issue to be decided ii: the democracies. The President is authorized to August 31, 1941. ·These tab~es are most passage of this measure. determine if, when, where, and to what ex­ enlightening and, as pointed out by the In short,-this bill appro11riates $5,985,- tent this aid shall be given. The members of the Committee on Appropriations tell us g~ntleman from Massachusetts, show 000,000. This money goes to the various that the democracies--our allies in this ven- · that out of -the $7,000,000,000 appropri­ departments to be expended as follows: ture-have filed requests with the President ated on March 27, 1941, only 50 percent Proposed appropriation under pending title 2 covering the aid immediately necessary if has been obligated, only 5 percent has of Defense Aid Appropriation Act of 1941- England is not to capitulate. The members , b~n expended, and only 3 percent actu­ by departments of the committee in debate have told us that ally converted into ~oods and exported to VVar Irepartment ______$2,255,575,667 Mr. William Knudsen, Chairman of the Office Great Britain. Incidentally, OVfj half of Navy Department______1, 498, 129, 333 of Production Management, as well as our that 3 percent covers agricultural com­ Maritime Commission______374, 225, 000 own military and naval experts, have justified the J.mounts carried in this bill. We are told ' modities whieh were not produced espe­ Treasury Irepartment______, 562, 070, 000 cially to meet lend-lease requirements. Agriculture Department_____ 1, OGO, 000,000 that in the confidential files of the committee Services and expenses______285, 000, 000 is to be found an itemized list of the defense l ·-Not a very happy record of accomp:ish­ Administrative expenses_____ 10,000,000 articles to be purchased in this country with ment. this $7,000,000,000. Therefore this is not a Under these condition::;, how cari this Total ______5,985,000,000 blank-check bill. Of course, I should like to , $6.000,000,000 appropriation be justified know what that list contains. However, our Proposed appropriation under pending title 2 military experts and our own committee as­ at this time? The testimony before the of Defense Aid Appropriation Act of 1941- sure us that such publicity at this time wo1Ed subcommittee, appearing· in the printed by appropriation categories not be in the best interest of our national de- · hearings, can be summarized as follows: Ordnance and ordnance ·fense. I, therefore·, must trust these authori­ Every-dolla-r of the ·$7,000,000,000 already stores ______$1,190,000, 000 ties. appropriated, plus every dollar of the Aircraft and aeronautical- In voting for this- $7,000,000,COO I am in no , $6,000,000,000 carried in this bill, can and materiaL ______685,000,000 way endorsing the general principles of _the should be obligated by February 28, Tanks and other vehicles ___ _ 385,000,000 lend-lease-give law. I realize, however, that. 1942-5 months hence. We are assured Vessels and other watercraft_ 850,000.000 this is & democracy. The majority must rule, Miscellaneous military and even though it 'tle momentarily Right wm in .that thir will be dor~e. If this is a fact, naval equipment______155,000,000 the end assert itself. and if our program of lend-lease assist­ Facilities and equipment ___ _ 375,000,000 I am confident that a majority of . the con­ ance is .to be continuous and without Agricultural, industrial, and stituents whom I represent are opposed to our • interruption, some additional funds and other commodities ______1,875,000,000 country getting into this World war. How­ -authority for obligation must be given at Testing, reconditioning, etc.,· ever, we are no.t voting on that question to­ c.nce. The pending bill provides these of defense articles ______175,000,000 day. In effect, the lend-lease-give law puts funds and authority. Services and expenses ______.285,000,000 us into the World War economically, morally, Administrative expenses ___ _ The entire $13,000,000,000 · can be ab­ 10,000.000 and officially. It only remains .for Hitler to sorbed by existing facilities, manufac­ Total ______5,985,000,000 decide if and when the shooting is to begin. tured or produced, and delivered, with the Therefore I am convinced that my patriotic exception of 4 or 5 items particularly The Congress has heretofore appropri­ duty requires that I vote for this bill, even t:Qough 'it implements a law 1 opposed. Re­ specified, before June 30, 1943. I want to ated $7,000,000,000 to implement the gardless of what I may think personally about stress that to accomplish this end, 53 lease-lend bill. This appropriation of ap­ the policy involved. the law is clear and the1e percent of all our existing manufacturing proximately $6,000,000,000 is supplemen­ is no choice so far as I am concerned. 'Io facilities will be required. The country tal to the original lend-lease appropria­ refuse to make provision for carrying out the is just beginning to realize the extent tion. There are some items in this bill law is, in effect, to sabotage it. The machin­ to which our economy must be disar­ that are to be used for our own national ery is already set up and functioning. To ranged. All-out aid to the so-called de­ defense exclusive of lend-lease activities, abandon it now would mean disast€r. Agam, I repeat, the die has been cast. We have but mocracies means all-out deprivation and so that technically the entire $6,000,000,- one job, and that is to win. sacrifice at home. 000 does not go for lend-lease purposes. The hearings indicate that the Budget That is, there is in this bill some aid for The only material change I would make request is based on a period of 20 months; lend-lease and some aid for our own de­ in that speech, to make it applicable to that is, the balance of this fiscal year, or fense. the present bill, is to change the amount up to July 1, 1943. We are told that Generally sp.~aking, the fundamental of the appropriation from $7,000,000.000 $5,000,000,000 in actual cash will be neces- · reasons prompting one's vote on the first to $6,000,000,000. sary by June 30, 1942, and another lend-lease appropriation are still good $5,000,000,000 by the end of the calendar and should have great weight in deter­ However, one is not warranted in vot­ year 1942, leaving about $3,000,000,000 mining the course to be pursued in voting ing for additional lend-lease funds un­ out of the $13,000,000,000 for goods to be on the bill presently under considera­ less there is convincing testimony that delivered in the last 6 months of the tion. such additional funds are necessary to period. When that first bill was being discussed our national defense. The committee It will be observed that this lend-lease in the House, .I gave my reasons for hearings contain such proof. policy is an expensive one, yet that issue 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7805 is not before us today. The lend-lease me there can be but one answer to the was my duty as a Member of the Con­ policy is water gone over the dam. question which we must decide by cur gress and as a real American to go along I want to impress upon the House the votes before adjournment tomorrow ·and make it possible to implement that very important fact-already mentioned night. measure, for the good and sufficient rea­ two or three times in the debate-that a President Roosevelt has promised to son that it had ripened into the law of very large percentage of all these mate­ keep us out of foreign wars unless our the land. rials to be manufactured for lend-lease country is attacked. He has promised Consequently, despite my qualms as to purposes is of such charac(er as to be that our boys shall not be sent to fight on the effect on our domestic economy, I useful for ·our own defense purposes in foreign soil. He demanded the lend­ voted for the first appropriation biH of case the necessity for distributing them lease law as one of the instrumentalities $7,000,000,000 and I have no hesitancy in as contemplated by the lend-lease Jaw to be used by him to keep this country saying that I am going to vote for this ceases to exist. · at peace. He demanded the first $7,000,- bill, subject to reservations with regard To summarize, many of these national­ 000,000 lend-lease appropriation to make to eliminating the excessive padding that defense materials being manufactured in it possible for him to fulfill these prom­ exists in some of the items of the bill. our factories for lend-lease purposes are ises to the American people. He now Do not think for a moment that I am also needed for our own national defense tells us that amount is not sufficient to backsliding on my position that our coun­ now; and, if perchance, our country ·do the job and demands the additional try shall not and must not be engulfed should cease sending these implements appropriation carried in this bill. Re­ by the bloody tide of the wars of Europe. of war to those countries designated by member there is nothing in this bill pro­ If we should ever--God forbid-have to the President, they would be available for viding that any of this money shall go vote on a war resolution in this Chamber and welcome in our own national-defense to Russia. The President has the discre­ that would involve again sending Ameri­ program. If the Congress does not want tion. We are assured, even at this late can boys to fight and die on the soil of to carry out the lend-lease policy, then hour, that the lend-lease law is a peace Europe, I would oppose and fight that the law should be repealed. If men like measure and not a war measure, and that resolution with every fiber of my being, Mr. Knudsen and Mr. Stettinius, who are only by means of this additional lend­ but if the American Congress, represent­ charged with carrying out the national­ lease appropriation can we hope to keep ing the majority of the people of the defense program, present proof as to the out of total war. I do not accept the ac­ United States, declared a foreign war and necessity :~or this appropriation, I do not curacy of this assertion. However, inas­ said we must send an expeditionary force feel justified in setting up my uninformed much as our course has been charted hy ever to invade the continent of Europe, opinion against their informed and ex­ the President and a majority of the Con­ I would want to be the :first off the troop pert judgment. I repeat, we are not gress, I shall not be a party to denying transports on the other side. writing policy in this law. We are only the President what he asks in this bHl. Consequently, I believe that our main implementing a policy heretofore estab­ Mr. Chairman, I shall vote for this ap­ attention should be devoted now, not to lished by the Congress. propriation. attacking the recommendations of the Our constituents are not all agreed as Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield 10 experts, who have come before the com­ to the President's foreign policy. Indeed, minutes to the gentleman from New York mittee and said these funds are needed. our Members are far from agreeme.nt in [Mr. WILLIAM T. PHEIFFER.] but rather to closely scrutinizing each many particulars. Generally speaking, item in the bill in an effort to save some the Congress may be divided into three Mr. WILLIAM T. PHEIFFER. Mr. Chairman, ·I have the rather dubious dis­ of the taxpayers' money that might . groups: First, those who follow blindly otherwise be needlessly spent. any foreign policy suggested by the Pres­ tinction of closing the general debate on this most important measure. I must For example, we find in the bill an ident at this time; second, those who are item of $10,000,000 for administrative apparently diametrically opposed to any confess to a sense of guilt for keeping this vast assemblage here for another 10 expenses. Is it not significant or it might foreign policy suggested by the President have been just poor timing, that yester­ at this time; and, third, those opposed to minutes so near the vesper hour and when the dinner pots are boiling, but I do day, when we started debate on this bill, this country entering total war, and op­ the newspapers told of a new glamorous posed to an A. E. F., but who, when a want to make a few observations that would give me a feeling of remissness if I defense agency of information rising policy has been established according to above the alphabetical horizon, which is hw by a majority vote in the Congress, left them unsaid. feel that they are bound to implement First of all, I want .to correct what to be known as 0. F. F.-the Office of that policy. I think I qualify pretty well seems to be a misapprehension or an Facts and Figures. Its duties will be to for the third group. error in nomenclature on the part of the coordinate the coordinators, to press newspapers and other sources of infor­ agent the numerous press agencies we are The very persuasive Member from Illi­ now saddled with, and to interpret the nois [Miss SUMNER], who just preceded mation whereby the people have obtained the impression that we are again debat­ interpreters and explain the explainers. me, points out the danger of inflation if As the New York Herald Tribune so an additional $6,000,000,000 is to be spent · ing a lease-lend bill. This morning's Washington Post, for example, carried a trenchantly remarked in its leading edi­ in this country at this time. My distin­ torial today: guished colleague the gentleman from headline saying, "House opens debate on Michigan [Mr. ENGEL] has spectacular­ second lend-lease." Likewise the Wash­ The capstone will have been set upon the ized the fact that all money appropriated ington Daily News of this morning car­ pyramid and we can all die happy, strangled ried a headline, "Lend-lease wins vote in the very best red tape, when the Office by the Congress must be raised by taxa­ of Utter Confusion and Hysteria, to be known tion, and in the end becomes a lien on the tomorrow." We have even heard this bill as OUCH, is created. earnings and the property of our people. referred to on the floor of the House and Others have expressed the fear that some in the cloakrooms as the lend-lease bill. Mr. Chairman, passing to title 2 of the of this money will be used to assist Rus­ This is far from being exact. The meas­ bill, we find there some items which to sia in her fight against Hitlerism. In­ ure now under consideration is simply me are inexplicable. On page 14 there is dEed, every possible objection to the ap­ another appropriation bill to further im­ an item of $53,500, which is to b::! used propriation has been presented. All of plement our avowed lend-lease policy. If primarily for the installation of electric these arguments have been interesting. it was a lend-lease bill, I would oppose it wiring in the concrete test track at the All of them have been important. How­ as vigorously as I did when the original Public Roads Administration proving ever, all of them have not been germane lend-lease bill was up. I voted against grounds near the District of Columbia. to the issue involved in the passage of that bill and made my maiden speech While the ratio of $53,500 to $5,985,- this bill. None of us want inflation. against it. I have no misgivings and no 000,000 is infinitesimal, yet this item is None of us want additional taxes. None · regrets for having done so, because, in my symptomatic of the fact that, as I stated of us want to help Communist Russia, yet judgment, that type of legislation does on the floor of the House 2 weeks ago, most of us want to keep out of war, and violence to the basic concepts and ideals the administration is giving only lip all of us are agreed on an impregnable of our American form of government. It service to the cause of economy in non­ national defense. If this is true, and t.he does violence to the Constitution itself, defense spending. Also, we must not lore lend-lease policy has already been ac­ but when H. R. 1776 became Public Law sight of the fact that $53,500 is approxi­ cepted, and is being effectuated as a part No. 11 on March 11, 1941, by virtue of the mately one-half of the amount of money of our national defense, then it seems to President's signature, then I felt that it that the average man earns during his

·' 7806 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 9 life time. Consequently, if that item for country. It behooves us to keep our feet World War Veterans' Legislation; Claims; and electric wiring were but $1,000, I would on the ground and our good spirits con­ Irrigation and Reclamation, the same to be­ come effective immediately. still feel it my duty to question the wis­ stantly, Respectfully, dom of spending the money at this time. [Here the gavel fell.l VICTOR WICKERSHAM. It may be desirable later on, but cannot Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ it be deferred? man, I ask that the Clerk read the first The SPEAKER. Without objection, Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Chairman, will paragraph of the bill. the resignation is accepted. the gentleman yield? The Clerk read down to and including There was no objection. Mr. WILLIAM T. PHEIFFER. In a line 6 on page 1. LEAVE OF ABSENCE moment. I have read the report of the Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ By unanimous consent, leave of apsence committee from cover to cover, and I man, I move that the Committee do now was granted as. follows: have failed to find an explanation of that rise. item of $53,500. I hope that some mem­ The motion was agreed to. To Mrs. BYRON (at the request of Mr. ber of the committee will enlighten me Accordingly the Committee rose; and BoLAND), for 10 days, on account of on it, otherwise I shall feel duty bound the Speaker having resumed the chair, illness. to offer an amendment to strike the item Mr. BLAND, Chairman of the Committee To Mr. JAcOBSEN

'· 1941 CONGR ~ESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7807 S. 1579. An act to authorize the President 1941, submitting a report, together with ac­ the homestead projects established in the of the United States to requisition property companying papers, on a preliminary exam­ Virgin Islands from the government of the required for the defense of the United States; ination of Iowa and Cedar Rivers, Iowa, Virgin Islands to the Department of Agri· S.1608. An act for the relief of the Neal authorized by the Flood Control Act approved culture; with amendment (Rept. No. 1243). · Storage Co.; August 28, 1937; to the Committee on Flood Referred to the Committee of the Whole S.1649. An act to authorize the payment of Control. · House on the state of the Union. certain claims of employees of the Bureau 977. A letter from the Secretary of war, Mr. O'CONNOR: Committee on Irrigation of Reclamation arising out of loss of tools transmitting a letter from the Chief of Engi­ and Reclamation. H. R. 5142. A bill to destroyed by fire at Parker Dam, Ariz.; neers, United States Army, dated July 21, authorize the Secretary of the Interior to in­ S. 1655. An act for the relief of Victor M. 1941, submitting a report, together with vestigate the extent of damages suffered by Lenzer, former special disbursing agent, De­ accompanying papers and illustrations, on a landowners and water users on the Owyhee partment of Labor; and preliminary examination of canal from reclamation project, Oregon, due to a break S. 1709. An act conferring jurisdiction upon Ouachita River to Huttig, Ark., authorized in the North Canal of such project; with the United States District Court for the by the River and Harbor Act approved August amendment (Rept. No. 1244). Referred to Western District of North Carolina to hear, 26, 1937; to the Committee on Rivers and the Committee of the Whole House on the determine, and render judgments upon the Harbors. state of the Union. claims against the United States of I. M. 978. A letter from the Secretary of War, Cook, J. J . Allen, Radiator Specia.lty Co., and transmitting a letter from the Chief .of Engi­ the R. & W. Motor Lines, Inc. neers, United States Army, dated July 16, REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS BILLS PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT 1941, submitting a report, together with accompanying papers, on reexamination of Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of Mr. KIRWAN, from t.he Committee on Connecticut River between Hartford, Conn., committees were delivered to the Clerk Enrolled Bills, reported that that com­ and Holyoke, Mass., requested by resolution for printing and reference to the proper mittee did on this day present to the of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House of Representatives, adopted April 17, calendai, as follows: President, for his approval, bills of the 1940; to the Committee on Rivers and Har­ Mr. LESINSKI: Committee on Immigration House of the following titles: bors. and Naturalization. H. R. 2922 . A bill for H. R. 3827. An act for the relief of Mr. and 979. A letter from the Secretary of War, the relief of Albert Edward Whiteside; with Mrs. Clyde Thatcher and their two tninor transmitting a letter from the Chief of Engi­ amendment (Rept. No. 1237) . Referred to children, Marjorie Thatcher and Bobby neers, United States Army, dated July 21, the Committee of the Whole House. Thatcher; and 1941, submitting a report, together with Mr. LESINSKI: Committee on Invalid Pen­ H. R. 5202. An act to amend an act entitled accompanying papers, on reexamination of sions. H. R. 5798. A bill granting pensions "An act to protect the lives and health and Pee Dee River, S. C., requested by resolution and increase of 1- ensions to certain depend­ morals of women · and minor workers in the of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, ents of veterans of the Civil War; without District of Columbia, and to establish a Min­ House of Representatives, adopted March 26, amendment (Rept. No. 1238). Referred to imum Wage Board, and define its powers and 1940; to the Committee on Rivers and Har­ the Committee of the Whole House. duties, and to provide for the fixing of min­ bors. imum wages for such workers, and for other .>UBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS purposes," approved September 19, f918. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC ADJOURNMENT Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS bills and resolutions were introduced and ~ Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Speak­ Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of severally referred as follows: er, I move that the House do now adjourn. committees were delivered to the Clerk By Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN: The motion w~ agreed to; accordingly for printing and reference to the proper H. R. 5799. A bill to repeal the act entitled (at 6 o'clock and 3 minutes p. m.), the calendar, as follows: "An act to authorize the construction of House, pursuant to its order heretofore Mr. RANDOLPH: Committee on the Dis­ bridges across a portion of the Minnesota entered, adjourned until tomorrow, Fri­ trict of Columbia. H. R. 5784. A bill to River in the State of Minnesota," approved day, October 10, 1941, at 11 o'clock a. m. consolidate the police and municipal co.urts March 15, 1904; to the Committee on Inter­ of the District of Columbia, and for other state and Foreign Commerce. purposes; without amendment (Rept. No. By Mr. RANDOLPH: COMMITTEE HEARINGS 1236). Referred to the Committee of the H. R. 5800. A bill authorizing advancements Whole House on the state of the Union. from the l<'ederal Works Administrhtor for COMMITTEE ON THE MERCHANT MARINE AND Mr. BLAND: Committee on the Merchant the provision of certain defense public works FISHERIES Marine and Fisheries. H. R. 5509. A bill to and equipment in the District of Columbia, authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to and for other purposes; to the Committee on The Committee on the Merchant Ma­ requisition or purchase motorboats, yachts, the District of Columbia. rine and Fisheries will hold public hear­ and similar vessels for Coast Guard use; with By Mr. SUTPHIN: ings on Tuesday, October 14, 1941, at 10 amendment (Rept. No. 1239). Referred to H. R. 5801. A bill for a complete survey of o'clock a. m., to consider H. R. 3254, to the Committee of the Whole House on the the physical-education resources existing safeguard anci protect further the lives state of the Union. within the United States now in use as out- of fishermen at sea and to place fishing Mr. CURTIS: Committee on Immigration . door recreative and competitive areas, gym­ and Naturalization. H. R. 5554. A bill to nasia, stadia, swimming pools, parks, etc., and boats under the supervision of the De­ amend the Nationality Act of 1940; to pre­ for other purposes; to the Committee on partment of Commerce, Bureau of Ma­ serve the nationality of a naturalized wife, Education. rine Inspection and Navigation, and for husband, or child under 21 years of age re­ By Mr. IZAC: other purposes. siding abroad with husband or wife a native­ H. R. 5802. A bill to amend certain provi­ CENSUS COMMITTEE born national of the United States; without sions of law relative to the withdrawal of amendment (Rept. No . 1240). Referred to brandy for fortification of wines and produc­ There will be a meeting of the Census the House Calendar. tion of wines, brandy, and fruit spirits so as Committee on Tuesday, October 14, 1941, Mr. MAAS: Committee on Naval Affairs. S. to remove therefrom certain unnecessary re­ at 10 o'clock a. m., for hearings on the 1731. An act to authorize the Secretary of strictions; to the Committee on Ways and Quinquennial Census. the Navy to provide salvage facilities, and Means. ' for other purposes; with amendment (Rept. By Mr. SCHULTE: COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE No. 1241). Referred to the Committee of the H. R. 5803. A bill to amend H. R. 5049 en­ The Committee on Agriculture will hold Whole House on the state of the Union. titled "An act making appropriations for the hearings on Tuesday, October 14, 1941, at Mr. MAY: Committee on Military Affairs. government of the District of Columbia and H. R. 5653. A bill to extend, under certain other activities chargeable in whole or in 10 o'clock a. m., in room 1324, to consider conditions, the time for examination of part against the revenues of such District H. R. 5366, marketing quotas on potatoes. monthly accounts covering· expenditures by for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1942, and disbursing officers of the Army after the date for other purposes"; to the Committee on the of actual receipt by bureaus and offices of District of Columbia. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. the War Department, and before transmit­ By Mr. TOLAN: Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive ting the same to the General Accounting H. R. 5804. A bill to amend an act of June communications were taken from the Office; without amendment (Rept. No. 1242). 26, 1940, to authorize defense training in Speaker's table and referred as follows: Referred to the Committee of the Whole the Civilian Conservation Corps; to the Com­ House on the state of the Union. mittee on Labor. 976. A letter from the Secretary of War, Mr. McGEHEE: Committee on Insular Af­ By Mr. BLOOM: transmitting a letter from the Chief of Engi­ fairs. Senate Joint Resolution 105. Joint H. J. Res. 237. Joint resolution to repeal neers, United States Army, dated July 21, resolution transferring the administration of section 6 of the Neutrality Act of 1939, and ~.TII---493 7808 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 10 for other purposes; to the Committee on being helpful to the .poor, gracious to the ELECTION TO COMMITTEE ON Foreign Affairs. unthankful, with a loving heart to hold AGRICULTURE our faith in men undimmed and our Mr. DOUGHTON. Mr. Speaker, I of­ trust in God unquenched; and Thine PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS fer a privileged resolution lutions with reference to parts, namely: Part I, Government of the Celler Houston Romjue legislation relative to public roads; to the D~strict; Part ll, Civil Procedure; Part Chapman Jacobsen Schaefer, m. Committee on !toads. III, Probate Law and Procedure; Part IV, Clark Jarman Smith, Pa. Criminal Law and Procedure. Cluett Kennedy, Somers, N Y. Connery Michael J. Sparkman Volume 2 will contain Part V, General Courtney Kilburn St'lrnes, Ala. Statutes, arranged by titles in alphabet­ Doug: as Kleberg To: an ical order. Eliot, Mass. Kopplemann VanZandt HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Engle bright McArdle West Complete cross-reference tab!e showing Fish McG::anery Wheat FRIDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1941 the location in this edition of the sections F'annagan Marcantonio Winter of the 1929 edition is set forLh, which Wlll Flannery The House met at 11 o'clock a. m. be found very helpful by those who have The SPEAKER. On this roll call 374 The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera familiarized themselves with the arrange­ Members have answered to their names, Montgomery, D. D., o:ffered the follow­ ment of the 1929 edition; also the cor­ a quorum. ing prayer: respond'ng 1929 section number is set out By unanimous consent, further pro­ Infinitely Holy God, by night and day in parentheses immediately following ceedings, under the call, were dispensed we are guarded by Thy care. Joined by each section number of this edition. A with. new numbering system has been adopted faith in Moses and the Lamb we would SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL NATIONAL-DE­ sE:ek that inrush of life that comes which indicates in one number the title, chapter, and section. FENSE APPROPRIATION BILL, 1942- through the gateway of the spirit of our LEASE-LEND blessed Saviour. Thus humanity would The size uf the pages of each volume forget its forced marches, its smiting has been reduced so that the Code will be Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Speak­ aches, and its unbrotherly hatreds. more convenient to handle and with the er, I move that the House resolve itsElf Heavenly Father, increase the power of new cover it will be a more attractive into the Committee of the Whole House faith in us; drive from all breasts bewild­ book. The index to volume 1 will be on the state of the Union for the further ering suspicion and dizzy imaginations, found at the end of that volume and a consideration of the bill remembering OJ.Ir Elder Brother and cumulative index, with the cross-refer­ making supplemental appropriations for walking in His ways. Look pityingly ence tables and the tables of cases, will national defense for the fiscal years end­ down upon all wearying people and send be found at the end of volume 2. This ing June 30, 1942, and June 30, 1943, and them dreams that shame doubt and fear, edition, for the first time, will be com­ for other purposes. stretching our hand of help to touch the pletely annotated and the annotations The motion was agreed to. hands that pulsed once with human love. given with the amendments and changes Accordingly the- House resolved itself In this harsh and benighted day enable in the laws will be kept up annually by into the Committee of the Wh:Jle House us to foster the ideal type of Christian pocket parts which can be inserted in the on the state of the Union for the further brotherh~cd. Let us live to trust mf:n, pocket inside the back cover of each consideration of the b:ll H. R. 5788, the thus engaging in th2 chivalry of earth, volume. second supplemental national-defense