Shier, Butler, and Lewis: Hole’s Human and Physiology, 13th ed. Chapter 5: Tissues

Chapter 5: Tissues

I. Introduction A. Introduction (Outcome 5.1.1) 1. Cells are organized into ______. (Outcome 5.1.2) 2. Intercellular junctions connect______. (Outcome 5.1.2) 3. Three types of intercellular junctions are ______

______.

(Outcome 5.1.2) 4. Tight junctions are located in cells that ______. (Outcome 5.1.2) 5. Tight junctions function to ______. (Outcome 5.1.2) 6. Desmosomes are located in cells of ______. (Outcome 5.1.2) 7. Desmosomes function to ______. (Outcome 5.1.2) 8. Gap junctions are located in cells of the ______. (Outcome 5.1.2) 9. Gap junctions function to ______(Outcome 5.1.3) 10. The four major types of tissues of the human body are ______. II. Epithelial Tissues A. General Characteristics (Outcome 5.2.4) 1. Epithelium covers ______, forms ______, and lines ______. (Outcome 5.2.4) 2. Epithelial tissue always has a free ______. (Outcome 5.2.4) 3. The underside of epithelial tissue is anchored by ______to . (Outcome 5.2.4) 4. Epithelial tissue lacks ______. (Outcome 5.2.4) 5. Because epithelial tissue cells ______, its injuries heal rapidly. (Outcome 5.2.4) 6. Epithelial cells are ______packed. (Outcome 5.2.4) 7. In many places, ______attach epithelial cells together.

5-1 (Outcome 5.2.4) 8. Epithelial cell functions include ______. (Outcome 5.2.4) 9. Epithelial tissues are classified according to ______. (Outcome 5.2.4) 10. Squamous cells are ______, cuboidal cells are ______, and columnar cells are ______. (Outcome 5.2.4) 11. Epithelial tissues with single layers of cells are ______and those with two or more cell layers are ______. B. Simple Squamous Epithelium (Outcome 5.2.5) 1. Simple squamous epithelium consists of ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 2. Substances pass ______through simple squamous epithelium. (Outcome 5.2.5) 3. Examples of places you find simple squamous epithelium are ______. C. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium (Outcome 5.2.5) 1. Simple cuboidal epithelium consists of ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 2. Simple cuboidal epithelium is located ______. D. Simple Columnar Epithelium (Outcome 5.2.5) 1. Simple columnar epithelium is composed of ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 2. The cells of simple columnar epithelium can be ______or ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 3. Cilia extend from ______and move ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 4. Cilia aid in ______(Outcome 5.2.5) 5. Nonciliated simple columnar epithelium lines the ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 6. Simple columnar epithelium can secrete ______and absorb ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 7. Microvilli are ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 8. Microvilli function to ______.

5-2 (Outcome 5.2.5) 9. Goblet cells are ______and secrete ______. E. Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium (Outcome 5.2.5) 1. The cells of pseudostratified columnar epithelium appear ______, but they are not. (Outcome 5.2.5) 2. Pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells have ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 3. ______scattered throughout secrete mucus. (Outcome 5.2.5) 4. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is located ______. F. Stratified Squamous Epithelium (Outcome 5.2.5) 1. Stratified Squamous epithelium is named for ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 2. Cells nearest the free surface of stratified squamous epithelium are ______, while cells in the deeper layers are ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 3. Stratified squamous epithelium that accumulates keratin is located ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 4. Keratin is ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 5. Keratinization produces ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 6. Stratified squamous epithelium that does not accumulate keratin is located ______. G. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium (Outcome 5.2.5) 1. Stratified cuboidal epithelium consists of ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 2. Stratified cuboidal epithelium is located ______. H. Stratified Columnar Epithelium (Outcome 5.2.5) 1. Stratified columnar epithelium consists of ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 2. Stratified columnar epithelium is located ______.

5-3 I. Transitional Epithelium (Outcome 5.2.5) 1. Transitional epithelium is specialized to ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 2. Transitional epithelium forms the lining of ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 3. When the wall of the bladder contracts, the transitional epithelium consists of ______. (Outcome 5.2.5) 4. When the wall of the bladder is distended, the transitional epithelium ______. J. Glandular Epithelium (Outcome 5.2.6) 1. Glandular epithelium is composed of cells that are specialized ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 2. Exocrine glands secrete their products into ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 3. Endocrine glands secrete their products into ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 4. An example of a unicellular exocrine gland is ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 5. Multicellular exocrine glands are divided into ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 6. A simple gland communicates with the surface by means of a duct that does ______before it reaches the glandular cells or secretory portion, and a compound gland has a duct that ______before reaching the secretory portion. (Outcome 5.2.6) 7. Tubular glands are ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 8. Alveolar glands are ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 9. Merocrine glands release ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 10. Apocrine glands release ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 11. Holocrine glands release ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 12. The secretion of a serous cell is ______. (Outcome 5.2.6) 13. The secretion of a mucus cell is ______. III. Connective Tissues A. General Characteristics

5-4 (Outcome 5.3.7) 1. Connective tissues function to ______. (Outcome 5.3.7) 2. Matrix of connective tissue is ______. (Outcome 5.3.7) 3. Matrix consists of ______. (Outcome 5.3.7) 4. Connective tissues have varying degrees of ______. B. Major Cell Types (Outcome 5.3.8) 1. Examples of fixed cells are ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 2. An example of a wandering cell is ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 3. ______is the most common kind of fixed cell in connective tissues. (Outcome 5.3.8) 4. produce ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 5. originate as ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 6. Macrophages are specialized for ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 7. Mast cells are usually located near ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 8. Heparin functions to ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 9. Histamine functions to ______. C. Connective Tissue Fibers (Outcome 5.3.8) 1. The three types of fibers produced by fibroblasts are ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 2. Collagenous fibers are ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 3. Collagenous fibers have ______strength. (Outcome 5.3.8) 4. Collagenous fibers are important components of ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 5. Dense connective tissue contains abundant ______. (Outcome 5.7) 6. has sparse ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 7. Elastic fibers are composed of ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 8. Elastic fibers are common in body parts that ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 9. Examples of places you find elastic fibers are ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 10. Reticular fibers are very thin ______. (Outcome 5.3.8) 11. They are ______and form ______

5-5 ______. D. Categories of Connective Tissues (Outcome 5.3.9) 1. The two categories of connective tissues are ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 2. Connective tissue proper includes ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 3. Specialized connective tissue includes ______. E. Loose Connective Tissue (Outcome 5.3.9) 1. Loose connective tissue is located ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 2. Most cells of loose connective tissue are ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 3. Loose connective tissue functions to ______. F. (Outcome 5.3.9) 1. are ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 2. Adipose tissue is located ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 3. Adipose tissue functions to ______. G. Reticular Connective Tissue (Outcome 5.3.9) 1. Reticular connective tissue is composed of ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 2. Reticular connective tissue supports ______. H. Dense Connective Tissue (Outcome 5.3.9) 1. Dense connective tissue consists of ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 2. Subclasses of dense connective tissue are ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 3. Regular dense connective tissue binds ______.

5-6 (Outcome 5.3.9) 4. Irregular dense connective tissue is located ______. I. Elastic Connective Tissue (Outcome 5.3.9) 1. Elastic connective tissue consists of ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 2. Elastic connective tissue is located ______. J. (Outcome 5.3.9) 1. Cartilage is a ______connective tissue. (Outcome 5.3.9) 2. Cartilage provides ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 3. Cartilage’s is composed of ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 4. Cartilage cells are called ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 5. Lacunae are ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 6. Perichondrium is ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 7. Cartilage lacks ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 8. Three types of cartilage are ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 9. The most common type of cartilage is ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 10. Hyaline cartilage has ______in its extracellular matrix. (Outcome 5.3.9) 11. Hyaline cartilage is located ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 12. Elastic cartilage has ______in its extracellular matrix. (Outcome 5.3.9) 13. Elastic cartilage is located ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 14. Fibrocartilage has ______in its matrix. (Outcome 5.3.9) 15. Fibrocartilage is located ______. K. (Outcome 5.3.9) 1. Bone is the most ______connective tissue. (Outcome 5.3.9) 2. The hardness of bone is due to ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 3. Bone functions to ______

5-7 ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 4. Bone matrix is deposited by bone cells called ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 5. ______are thin layers of bone formed by osteoblast. (Outcome 5.3.9) 6. Osteocytes form lamella around capillaries located within tiny longitudinal tubes called ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 7. Osteoblasts are located in ______where they mature into______and are rather evenly spaced within the lamellae. (Outcome 5.3.9) 8. An osteon is ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 9. A central canal of an osteon contains ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 10. Canaliculi are ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 11. ______extend through canaliculi. (Outcome 5.3.9) 12. ______attach osteocyte cellular processes together so that materials can ______. L. Blood (Outcome 5.3.9) 1. Blood is composed of ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 2. Plasma is ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 3. Cell types of blood are ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 4. Red blood cells function to ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 5. White blood cells function to ______. (Outcome 5.3.9) 6. Platelets function to ______. IV. Types of Membranes (Outcome 5.3.10) A. Epithelial membranes are composed of ______. (Outcome 5.3.10) B. Three types of epithelial membranes are ______. (Outcome 5.3.10) C. Serous membranes line ______and secrete ______fluid. (Outcome 5.3.10) D. Mucous membranes line ______and secrete ______. (Outcome 5.3.10) E. The cutaneous membrane is more commonly called ______. (Outcome 5.3.10) F. Some membranes are composed entirely of connected tissue. These include ______lining joints.

5-8 V. Muscle Tissues A. General Characteristics (Outcome 5.5.11) 1. Cells in muscle tissues are sometimes called ______due to their ______. (Outcome 5..5.11) 2. Muscle tissues are ______, meaning they can shorten and thicken. (Outcome 5.5.11) 3. The three types of muscle tissue are ______. B. Skeletal Muscle Tissue (Outcome 5.5.11) 1. Skeletal muscle tissue forms ______. (Outcome 5.5.11) 2. Skeletal muscle tissue is under conscious control and is therefore called ______. (Outcome 5.5.11) 3. Striations of skeletal muscle tissue are ______. (Outcome 5.5.11) 4. Skeletal muscle tissue functions to ______. C. Smooth Muscle Tissue (Outcome 5.5.11) 1. Smooth muscle tissue is called smooth because ______. (Outcome 5..5.11) 2. Smooth muscle tissue is located ______. (Outcome 5.5.11) 3. Smooth muscle is involuntary because ______. D. Cardiac Muscle Tissue (Outcome 5.5.11) 1. Cardiac muscle tissue is located ______. (Outcome 5.5.11) 2. An intercalated disc is ______. (Outcome 5.5.11) 3. Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is ______but unlike skeletal muscle it is ______. (Outcome 5.5.11) 4. Like smooth muscle, cardiac muscle is ______. VI. Nervous Tissues (Outcome 5.6.12) A. Nervous tissues are found ______. (Outcome 5.6.12) B. The basic cells of nervous tissue are ______.

5-9 (Outcome 5.6.12) C. In addition to neurons, nervous tissue also includes ______.

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