Pedro Linares–Alebrijes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Fever Dreams: Alebrijes Pedro Linares (1906-1992) Pedro Linares was an artisan from México City, who specialized in making piñatas , carnival masks and "Judas" figures from cartonería (a kind of papier-mâché ). He sold his work in the street markets. In 1936, when he was 30 years old, Pedro Linares fell ill with a high fever, which caused him to hallucinate. He thought he died. In his fever dreams, he was in a forest with rocks and clouds, many of which turned into wild, unnaturally colored creatures, frequently featuring wings, horns, tails, fierce teeth and bulging eyes. He heard a crowd of voices repeating the nonsense word "alebrije." After he recovered, he began to re-create the creatures he'd seen, using papier-mâché. Eventually, a Cuernavaca gallery owner discovered his work. This brought him to the attention of Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo , who began commissioning more alebrijes, elevating folk art to fine art. The tradition grew after British filmmaker Judith Bronowski's 1975 documentary on Linares . Later, sculptors from Oaxaca saw his work and started carving Alebrijes out of copal wood and painting them with intricate patterns. Today, the Linares family continues to make Alebrijes in Mexico City, and there is a parade of Alebrijes every year in Mexico City. Alebrijes have entered into popular culture including the Disney Movie Coco (2017). Assignment suggestions • Create your own alebrije: take a personal fear and make it real and fanciful • Explore the concepts of Scary/Funny or Ugly/Beautiful • Create an artwork inspired by alebrijes or early Mexican art • Explore biomorphic forms and patterns in alebrijes Use any media you like 2D or 3D. Sources • Documentary on Pedro Linares • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUpOWFBVadI • Documentary on Linares Family Tradition • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmTSY-VozkA • Oaxacan Alebrijes: • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GtJgbrsI30M • En Calavera: The Papier-mache Art of the Linares Family By Susan M. Masuka.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Intro Alebrije.Pdf
Arte Popular from Mexico: Candles, Lacquer, Alebrijes © Alvaro de la Paz Franco / Wikimedia Commons/ CC BY-SA 4.0 What is arte popular? Arte Popular is a Spanish term that translates to Popular Art in English. Another word for Arte Popular is artesanias. These can be arts like paintings and pottery, but they also include food, dance, and clothes. These arts are unique to Mexico and the communities that live in it. After the Mexican Revolution of the 1910s, focus was turned to Native Amerindian and farming communities. These communities were creating works of art but they had been ignored. But, after the revolution, Mexico needed something that could unite the people of Mexico. They decided to use the traditional arts of its people. Arte popular/artesanias became the heart of Mexico. You can go to Mexico now and visit artists’ workshops and © Thelmadatter / Edgar Adalberto Franco Martinez Ayotoxco De Guerrero, Puebla at see how they create their beautiful art. the Encuentro de las Colecciones de Arte Popular Valoración y Retos at the Franz Mayer Museum in Mexico City / Wikimedia Commons/ CC BY-SA 4.0 Arte popular/artesanias are traditions of many years within their communities. It is this community aspect that has provided Mexico with an art that focuses on the everyday people. It is why the word ‘popular’ is used to label these kinds of arts. The amazing objects they create, whether it is ceramic bowls or painted chests, are all unique and specific to the communities This is why there is so much variety in Mexico, because it is a large country.
[Show full text]
Movements of Diverse Inquiries As Critical Teaching Practices Among Charros, Tlacuaches and Mapaches Stephen T
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Open Access Dissertations 9-2012 Movements of Diverse Inquiries as Critical Teaching Practices Among Charros, Tlacuaches and Mapaches Stephen T. Sadlier University of Massachusetts Amherst, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Sadlier, Stephen T., "Movements of Diverse Inquiries as Critical Teaching Practices Among Charros, Tlacuaches and Mapaches" (2012). Open Access Dissertations. 664. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/664 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MOVEMENTS OF DIVERSE INQUIRIES AS CRITICAL TEACHING PRACTICES AMONG CHARROS, TLACUACHES AND MAPACHES A Dissertation Presented by STEPHEN T. SADLIER Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF EDUCATION September 2012 School of Education Language, Literacy, and Culture © Copyright by Stephen T. Sadlier 2012 All Rights Reserved MOVEMENTS OF DIVERSE INQUIRIES AS CRITICAL TEACHING PRACTICES AMONG CHARROS,1 TLACUACHES2 AND MAPACHES3 A Dissertation Presented By STEPHEN T. SADLIER Approved as to style and content
[Show full text]
Cabot's Museum Oaxaca Craft Sept 8 2017
Tia Stephanie Tours Craft Traditions of Oaxaca Cabot’s Pueblo Museum September 8-15, 2017 (7 Nights) Join us on an extraordinary journey with Cabot's Pueblo Museum to explore the culture, arts and crafts of Oaxaca. Based in Oaxaca City, we’ll visit communities of the Central Valleys, where we'll meet the wonderful artisans featured here at the museum! In San Bartolo Coyotepec, known for its black pottery, we'll join Magdalena Pedro Martinez to see how the soil from the region is masterfully transformed into beautiful pots and sculptures. In San Martin Tilcajete and San Antonio Arrazola, known for whimsical carved wood animals and "alebrijes," we'll join Julia Fuentes, Eleazar Morales and Mario Castellanos. In Teotitlan del Valle, the legendary "tapestry" weaving town, we'll visit the family of recognized artisan, Porfirio Gutierrez, recently awarded by the Smithsonian Institution for his work with his ancient family and Zapotec community in the revival and use of natural dyes in their weavings. We'll meet Yesenia Salgado Tellez too, who will help us understand the historic craft of filigree jewelry. We'll also visit workshops of some extraordinary emerging artisans, explore vibrant markets, experience fabulous regional cuisine and enjoy special museum and gallery tours. Join us on this very special opportunity to travel with Cabot's Pueblo Museum to explore Oaxaca's famous craft traditions and meet the artisans of Oaxaca! Day One: Friday, September 8, Arrive Oaxaca City (D) Transfer to our charming and centrally located hotel. Tonight we enjoy a festive welcome dinner to explore the culinary world of the seven moles at Los Pacos! www.tiastephanietours.com (734) 769-7839 Page 1 Day Two: Saturday, September 9, Oaxaca City Tour: (B, L) • Explore Oaxaca City, UNESCO World Heritage Site, and our home base.
[Show full text]
Directorio Empresas "Punto Limpio" Vigentes Aguascalientes
DIRECTORIO EMPRESAS "PUNTO LIMPIO" VIGENTES AGUASCALIENTES No. NOMBRE COMERCIAL ESTADO MUNICIPIO CORREO SITIO WEB OBED.PEREZ@POSADAS 1 HOTEL FIESTA AMERICANA AGUASCALIE NTES AGUASCALIENTES AGUASCALIENTES .COM 2 FRAGUA TOURS AGUASCALIENTES AGUASCALIENTES [email protected] M WWW.ALTETUR.CO M.MX EXPOVIAJESRESERVAS3 3 EXPOPLAZA VIAJES AGUASCALIENTES AGUASCALIENTES @HOTMAIL.COM CARNITAS_LOSGUEROS 4 CARNITAS LOS GÜEROS AGUASCALIENTES SAN FRANCISCO DE LOS ROMO @LIVE.COM MARISELAVIAJESTREVI 5 VIAJES TREVI AGUASCALIENTES AGUASCALIENTES @HOTMAIL.COM 6 VIAJES ALTETUR AGUASCALIENTES AGUASCALIENTES [email protected] M WWW.ALTETUR.CO M.MX 7 BIOSPHERA TOURS, VIAJES Y EXCURSIONE S AGUASCALIENTES AGUASCALIENTES BIOSPHERATOURS@HO TMAIL.COM BIOSPHERATOURS.C OM.MX 8 HARU HOTEL & VILLAS AGUASCALIENTES AGUASCALIENTES [email protected] OM WWW.HOTELHARU. COM 9 RESTAURANT E LAS DELICIAS DE MARIA AGUASCALIENTES AGUASCALIENTES ANDY_STHEPANI@HOT MAIL.COM 10 MR. PIZZA AGUASCALIENTES AGUASCALIENTES [email protected] OM 11 MESON DEL TACO AMERICAS AGUASCALIENTES AGUASCALIENTES ALICIAPASCUSLJ@YAHO O.COM.MX CAMPECHE No. Nombre Comercial Estado Municipio Correo Sitio Web 1 CENTRO ESTETICO Y SPA DB CAMPECHE CAMPECHE DAYSIBALLARDO@OUTL OOK.COM 2 CAFE LA PUERTA 59 CAMPECHE CAMPECHE [email protected] M 3 RESTAURANT E CALAKMUL CAMPECHE CAMPECHE RESTAURANTE_CALAKM [email protected] 4 OPERADORA TURISTICA COLONIAL&D MC CAMPECHE CAMPECHE VENTAS- [email protected] 5 HOTEL BRENDA MARIA CAMPECHE CALKINÍ [email protected] om 6 RESTAURANT E MAYA KA´AN CAMPECHE CALKINÍ MAYAKA- [email protected] 7 RESTAURANT E LA PALAPA CAMPECHE CALKINÍ LA.PALAPA.CALKINI@H OTMAIL.COM 8 HOTEL DEL PASEO CAMPECHE CAMPECHE CONTACTO@HOTELDEL PASEO.COM WWW.HOTELDELPA SEO.COM 9 AGENCIA IXCHEL TRAVEL & TOURS CAMPECHE CAMPECHE AGENCIA@IXCHELTRAV EL.COM.MX WWW.IXCHELTRAVE L.COM.MX 10 KANKABI\'OK TOURS CAMPECHE CAMPECHE [email protected] WWW.KANKABIOK.
[Show full text]
So What Are These Alebrijes? 10Th Annual Mariachi Fest Comes to Town
Priceless VOL. 6 ED. 16 • SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 • NO BAD NEWS www.ggnorth.com has garnered several awards th for his hard news reporting, 10 Annual Mariachi and is a champion of many So What Are These Latino issues. This year’s Mariachi Fest Fest Comes To Town is much different than years Alebrijes? Enjoy a great show and feel good about it past. Normally a five or six These colorful monsters are originally from day celebration of workshops, since all proceeds go to the Rosarito Boys fetes, Hall of Fame induction, Oaxaca and are now world-famous and Girls Club international contest, and student showcase, this year’s BY ALEJANDRA BORBOLLA BY REN DRAKE HILL salute is boiled down to one explosive evening. On Saturday, October 5th, ality Jose S. Ronstadt. Yes, he The reason for cancellation Ed note: We received a lot of of fantastical creatures. The first the Mariachi Fest will return is the supremely talented son of the pre-gala components positive feedback on our cover alebrijes, along with the use to the Rosarito Beach Hotel of singer Linda Ronstadt. He’s were unclear, but a number photo of last issue. This issue of the term, originated from a gardens. As in the previous “witty” and “enthusiastic,” and of factors may be involved: we bring you the story behind Mexican artisan named Pedro nine years, 100% of all net has an extensive background insufficient resources, not these fabulous monsters called Linares. In the 1930s, Linares proceeds will benefit Rosarito’s in television; he was recently enough volunteers, stars un- Alebrijes.
[Show full text]
Ruta Mágica De Las Artesanías Invita a Conocer Parte De Los Trabajos Manuales De Este Inmenso Estado
En Oaxaca, la alfarería es un trabajo de gran tradición. La especial magia que emana el estado de Oaxaca atrae la atención de viajeros de México y de todo el mundo. Entre otras muchas razones, esto se debe a que es un lugar tradicional, misterioso y fuertemente marcado por los pueblos indígenas que lo habitan. Pero también abierto a experimentar con nuevas tendencias estéticas y culturales. Así, su vibrante artesanía, sus artistas plásticos de vanguardia, sus coloridas fiestas y su espectacular gastronomía hacen de Oaxaca un lugar sumamente atractivo. En el centro del estado se encuentra la Ciudad de Oaxaca, una fascinante y hospitalaria capital en cuyo entorno se ubican diver- sas poblaciones, cada una con una personalidad y una tradición artesanal propia, acompañadas de sus respectivas costumbres, fiestas y platillos. La Ruta Mágica de las Artesanías invita a conocer parte de los trabajos manuales de este inmenso estado. Pues el tan especial lugar que ocupa Oaxaca en México y el mundo se debe en gran medida a las incontables y magníficas manos de los artesanos que con gran sensibilidad y creatividad plasman minuciosamente sus sueños, ilusiones, aspiraciones y necesidades espirituales en piezas de barro, madera, metal, piedra, hiloseda o algodón. Ruta Mágica de las Artesanías: arte y magia multicolor El recorrido que se propone es una invitación a: Encontrarse con el arte y la creatividad plasmados en los finos to- ques que, con amor y dedicación, le dan a cada una de sus piezas los habitantes de las seis comunidades que integran la Ruta Mágica de las Artesanías. Atestiguar los procesos artesanales de los grandes maestros oaxaqueños, quienes conservan y transmiten técnicas aprendidas de generación en generación.
[Show full text]
Artisan Cooperatives in Oaxaca, Mexico a Thesis
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Crafting Culture: Artisan Cooperatives in Oaxaca, Mexico A Thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in Latin American Studies (Cultural Studies) by Meghan E. Edwards Committee in charge: Professor Milos Kokotovic, Chair Professor Roberto Alvarez Professor Christine Hunefeldt 2009 Copyright Meghan E. Edwards, 2009 All rights reserved. The thesis of Meghan E. Edwards is approved and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2009 iii Table of Contents Signature Page…………………………………………………………………. iii Table of Contents………………………………………………………………. iv List of Figures………………………………………………………………….. v List of Acronyms………………………………………………………………. vi Abstract……………………………………………………………………….... vii Introduction…………………………………………………………………….. 1 1 To Market, To Market: The Trajectories of Oaxacan Artesanías……………. 10 2 Setting the Scene: The Historical and Economic Context…………………… 30 3 The Oaxacan Experience…………………………………………………….. 57 4 What (and How) Do Artesanías “Mean”?…………………………………… 88 Reference List………………………………………………………………….. 106 iv List of Figures Figure 2.1: Central Valleys of Oaxaca………………………………………. 35 Figure 3.1: Oaxaca City Center……………………………………………… 58 v List of Acronyms AMO (Apoyo a la Mujer
[Show full text]
Women in Mexican Folk Art
IBERIAN AND LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES Women in Mexican Folk Art WMFA.indd 1 26/11/2010 12:18:55 Series Editors Professor David George (Swansea University) Professor Paul Garner (University of Leeds) Editorial Board David Frier (University of Leeds) Laura Shaw (University of Liverpool) Gareth Walters (Swansea University) Rob Stone (Swansea University) David Gies (University of Virginia) Catherine Davies (University of Nottingham) Richard Cleminson (University of Leeds) WMFA.indd 2 26/11/2010 12:18:55 IBERIAN AND LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES Women in Mexican Folk Art Of Promises, Betrayals, Monsters and Celebrities ELI BARTRA UNIVERSITY OF WALES PRESS CARDIFF 2011 WMFA.indd 3 26/11/2010 12:18:55 © Eli Bartra, 2011 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Applications for the copyright owner’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the University of Wales Press, 10 Columbus Walk, Brigantine Place, Cardiff, CF10 4UP. www.uwp.co.uk British Library CIP A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978–0–7083–2347–2 (hardback) 978–0–7083–2364–9 (paperback) e-ISBN 978–0–7083–2348–9 The right of Eli Bartra to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with sections 77, 78 and 79 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
[Show full text]
THREE-PART ART: Post-Tour Activity
THREE-PART ART: Post-tour Activity PROJECT TITLE: Crazy Collaborative Creatures CANNON ART GALLERY EXHIBIT & THEME: Frida Kahlo’s Garden AGE RANGE: Grades 1-5 ART PROJECT INTRODUCTION: Drawing inspiration from the live art instruction and the 20th Century Mexican art tradition of alebrijes, students will reimagine their spirit animals and create classroom collaborative drawings of their own hybrid creatures. Using colored pencils, students will create a new creature, inspired by alebrijes, which will then be cut into strips for groups to mix and match their creatures, creating new and unique collaborative creations. Inspiration Artist: Pedro Linares López Frida Kahlo admired many Mexican artists, among them, Pedro Linares López, a Mexican artist whose playful animal sculptures known as alebrijes are beloved worldwide as unique products of Mexico’s folk-art tradition. Pedro Linares López was born in Mexico City, Mexico in 1906. His father worked as a papier-mâché sculptor, or cartonero, and he trained Linares to follow in his footsteps. By the time Linares was 12 years old, he had become a skilled craftsman of papier-mâché items like piñatas and the traditional skeletal figures called calaveras which are featured in the annual Day of the Dead celebration. In 1945, as Linares tells the story, he became very sick and drifted into a fever dream. There he encountered fantastical creatures who shouted in unison a nonsensical phrase “Alebrijes!” Upon his recovery, he set out to represent these mythical beings in sculpture. The sculptures initially met little success, until over time, Linares refined his alebrijes into the well-known colorfully patterned combinations of reptiles, insects, birds, and mammals.
[Show full text]
Tabla De Distintivos Vigentes Del Programa Punto Limpio
TABLA DE DISTINTIVOS VIGENTES DEL PROGRAMA PUNTO LIMPIO Tipo Nombre Nombre Nombre No. C.P. Asentamient Tipo Vialidad 1 Estado Municipio Localidad Tel.1 Correo Sitio Web Comercial Asentamiento Vialidad 1 o FUERA DE SAN JOSE DE COAHUILA DE FUERADESERIE@YAHOO 1 25010 COLONIA CALLE EL MEZQUITO SALTILLO SALTILLO 8442316399 SERIE LOS CERRITOS ZARAGOZA .COM.MX TAMALES LATINOAMERIC COAHUILA DE [email protected] 2 25270 COLONIA CALLE MEXICO SALTILLO SALTILLO 8442517464 MIXTAMAL ANA ZARAGOZA M LA SIBERIA RAFAEL COAHUILA DE LASIBERIADELSUR@YAH 3 25034 COLONIA MAGISTERIO CALLE SALTILLO SALTILLO 8444810808 DEL SUR CEPEDA ZARAGOZA OO.COM.MX COAHUILA DE [email protected] 4 VILLA PIZZA 25280 COLONIA REPUBLICA CALLE CHIAPAS SALTILLO SALTILLO 8441815007 ZARAGOZA M POSTRES COAHUILA DE LOSPOSTRES_ELOISA@H 5 ELOISA 25204 RESIDENCIAL LOS PINOS CALLE ZAPATEROS SALTILLO SALTILLO 8444851331 ZARAGOZA OTMAIL.COM CARRANZA POSTRES ELOISA COAHUILA DE ELOISAPOSTRES@YAHO 6 25204 RESIDENCIAL LOS PINOS CALLE ZAPATEROS SALTILLO SALTILLO 8444851331 MOCTEZUM ZARAGOZA O.COM A CASINO IGNACIO COAHUILA DE RAMOS CASINORAMOSARIZPE@ 7 RAMOS 25900 COLONIA CENTRO CALLE RAMOS ARIZPE 8444883109 ALLENDE ZARAGOZA ARIZPE HOTMAIL.COM ARIZPE PIZZA CASINO MELCHOR COAHUILA DE RAMOS PIZZA_CASINO@HOTMA 8 25900 COLONIA CENTRO CALLE RAMOS ARIZPE 8444883109 RAMOS OCAMPO ZARAGOZA ARIZPE IL.COM ARIZPE CORPORATIV JARDIN COAHUILA DE COCINANDOATUSALUD 9 25277 COLONIA CALLE SAUCE SALTILLO SALTILLO 8444309560 O ANGEL ORIENTE ZARAGOZA @HOTMAIL.COM LATINOAMERIC COAHUILA DE HORISONTESALTILLO@H 10 HORIZONTE
[Show full text]
February-2017.Pdf
Volume 24 Number 6 February 2017 104.9 Millions Hits FREE “Mazatlan’s Most Trusted Independent Magazine & Visitors’ Guide” Recommended by The Chicago Tribune MOBILE FRIENDLY ONSOR SP S:: since 1992. NEW HOURS 2 February 2017Total or partial reproduction of any of the No Out of Country Checks Tel. (669)Monday 913.0117 to Friday: / 913.44119 am to 5 pm n US 011MAZATLAN’S 52 (669)913.4411 PACIFIC / 913.0117 PEARL contents herein is strictly prohibited. All Saturdays: Sometimes, call first. rights reserved under International and AD DEADLINE STAFF Pan American copyright conventions. It should be paid before the 15th of Publisher: Michael J. Veselik Opinions expressed in articles in this paper the month and the information sent at EMAIL ADDRESS & WEBSITE GENERAL INFORMATION least the 20th of the month preceding [email protected] [email protected] are not necessarily those of the Publisher. www.pacificpearl.com The deadline for ads, classifieds, articles, and The Publisher is not responsible for the publication. Manager: Sylvia Mora letters to the editor is on or before the 15th of contents of advertisements in this paper. [email protected] http://mazatlanlife.com Carnaval 2017 Calendar All amounts are in pesos each month for the edition ahead in order to VISIT US CONTRIBUTING WRITERS be considered in the paper. Av. Camarón Sábalo #2601 L-11, Sábalo Mazatlan Jack, Christine Yerbic, Design: Raquel De Figueroa ADVERTISING Country (below Los Zarapes Rest.) MazatlanLife, The Love Doctors, C. [email protected] Thursday February 23rd to Tuesday February 28, 2017 We have the right to reject or edit all We offer display and classified ads, charged per month, prices plus I.V.A.
[Show full text]
2° De Secundaria Unidad 6
2° DE SECUNDARIA UNIDAD 6. CULTURA DE VANGUARDIA CON BASE ANCESTRAL SEMANA 28/ DEL 22 AL 26 DE MARZO 1 2do Grado Grupo Nombre del estudiante LUNES 22 ¡BUENOS DÍAS! 215 ANIVERSARIO DEL NATALICIO DE DON BENITO JUÁREZ GARCÍA (1806-1872) Benito Pablo Juárez García nación en San Pablo Guelatao, Oaxaca, el 21 de marzo de 1806 y murió en la Ciudad de México el 18 de julio de 1872. Fue abogado y político mexicano, de origen indígena zapoteca. Se destacó por haber sido presidente de México desde el 8 de diciembre de 1857 al 18 de julio de 1872. Es conocido como el Benemérito de las Américas y es célebre por su frase: “Entre los individuos, como entre las naciones, el respeto al derecho ajeno es la paz”. En el año de 1847 fue nombrado gobernador del estado de Oaxaca, cargo en el que volvió a ser elegido un año después para un período de cuatro años. Como gobernador, Juárez duplicó las escuelas. En 1854 promulgó el Plan de Ayutla, en el que se pedía la creación de una asamblea constituyente en el marco de una Constitución federal. Al tomar el poder el general Antonio López de Santa Anna en 1853, fue encarcelado y desterrado a La Habana, Cuba. Luego fue deportado a Nueva Orleans (Luisiana, Estados Unidos) donde envolvía tabaco para subsistir. Volvió en 1855 a su país y participó en la revolución liberal que venció a Santa Anna. La guerra de Reforma. Sus disposiciones legislativas, que inspiraron la Constitución de 1857, de corte liberal, motivaron la reacción de los conservadores, quienes se pronunciaron al año siguiente en el Plan de Tacubaya.
[Show full text]