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Ruta Mágica De Las Artesanías Invita a Conocer Parte De Los Trabajos Manuales De Este Inmenso Estado

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Ruta Mágica De Las Artesanías Invita a Conocer Parte De Los Trabajos Manuales De Este Inmenso Estado En Oaxaca, la alfarería es un trabajo de gran tradición. La especial magia que emana el estado de Oaxaca atrae la atención de viajeros de México y de todo el mundo. Entre otras muchas razones, esto se debe a que es un lugar tradicional, misterioso y fuertemente marcado por los pueblos indígenas que lo habitan. Pero también abierto a experimentar con nuevas tendencias estéticas y culturales. Así, su vibrante artesanía, sus artistas plásticos de vanguardia, sus coloridas fiestas y su espectacular gastronomía hacen de Oaxaca un lugar sumamente atractivo. En el centro del estado se encuentra la Ciudad de Oaxaca, una fascinante y hospitalaria capital en cuyo entorno se ubican diver- sas poblaciones, cada una con una personalidad y una tradición artesanal propia, acompañadas de sus respectivas costumbres, fiestas y platillos. La Ruta Mágica de las Artesanías invita a conocer parte de los trabajos manuales de este inmenso estado. Pues el tan especial lugar que ocupa Oaxaca en México y el mundo se debe en gran medida a las incontables y magníficas manos de los artesanos que con gran sensibilidad y creatividad plasman minuciosamente sus sueños, ilusiones, aspiraciones y necesidades espirituales en piezas de barro, madera, metal, piedra, hiloseda o algodón. Ruta Mágica de las Artesanías: arte y magia multicolor El recorrido que se propone es una invitación a: Encontrarse con el arte y la creatividad plasmados en los finos to- ques que, con amor y dedicación, le dan a cada una de sus piezas los habitantes de las seis comunidades que integran la Ruta Mágica de las Artesanías. Atestiguar los procesos artesanales de los grandes maestros oaxaqueños, quienes conservan y transmiten técnicas aprendidas de generación en generación. Su destreza y talento han hecho brillar el arte popular de las localidades de los Valles Centrales, y colo- cado el nombre de Oaxaca muy en alto, al llevar la magia de su cultura más allá de sus fronteras. Conocer las comunidades que atraviesa la ruta, en las cuales las distintas artesanías —talla de madera, cerámica de barro verde vidria- do y negro, textiles de hilo-seda y algodón o piezas de cuchillería—, ya sean utilitarias o de ornato, constituyen un motor fundamental en la economía familiar y comunitaria. Disfrutar la deliciosa gastronomía tradicional de la región, visitar los museos y templos, compartir la sencilla vida de las poblaciones y, sobre todo, llenarse los ojos y el alma de la magia multicolor que surge de las maravillosas manos de los artesanos oaxaqueños. Figura tallada en madera de copal, decorada a mano. RUTA MÁGICA DE LAS ARTESANÍAS Salida a la Ixtlán de Juárez Ciudad de México Desde la Ciudad de Oaxaca Santa María Atzompa 7 km 25 min Ciudad San Bartolo Coyotepec 13 km 30 min Santa María de Oaxaca Atzompa San Martín Tilcajete 23 km 40 min Santo Tomás Jalieza 25 km 40 min San Antonino Castillo Velasco 33 km 45 min San Antonio Ocotlán de Morelos 33 km 45 min Arrazola Santa Cruz San Antonio Arrazola 7 km 25 min Xoxocotlán San Bartolo Cuilápam de Guerrero 10 km 30 min Coyotepec Zaachila 18 km 35 min Cuilápam de Guerrero Villa de Zaachila Santo Tomás Jalieza San Martín Tilcajete Ciénega de Zimatlán San Antonino Castillo Velasco Zimatlán de Ocotlán de Álvarez Morelos A Santa María Huatulco A Puerto Escondido RUTA MÁGICA DE LAS ARTESANÍAS Salida a la Ixtlán de Juárez Ciudad de México Desde la Ciudad de Oaxaca Santa María Atzompa 7 km 25 min Ciudad San Bartolo Coyotepec 13 km 30 min Santa María de Oaxaca Atzompa San Martín Tilcajete 23 km 40 min Santo Tomás Jalieza 25 km 40 min San Antonino Castillo Velasco 33 km 45 min San Antonio Ocotlán de Morelos 33 km 45 min Arrazola Santa Cruz San Antonio Arrazola 7 km 25 min Xoxocotlán San Bartolo Cuilápam de Guerrero 10 km 30 min Coyotepec Zaachila 18 km 35 min Cuilápam de Guerrero Villa de Zaachila Santo Tomás Jalieza San Martín Tilcajete Ciénega de Zimatlán San Antonino Castillo Velasco Zimatlán de Ocotlán de Álvarez Morelos A Santa María Huatulco A Puerto Escondido t Santa María Atzompa En esta localidad, ubicada 7 kilómetros al noreste de la Ciudad de Oaxaca, la mayor parte de la población trabaja la cerámica de barro verde vidriado, oficio heredado de generación en generación desde hace varios siglos. El proceso de elaboración de las vistosas piezas comienza con la extracción del barro en las minas de San Lorenzo Cacaotepec, población ubicada a 4 kilómetros de Santa María Atzompa. De vuelta a los patios de sus casas, los artesanos lo colocan sobre un torno que hacen girar con los pies, para después amasar con las manos y formar poco a poco la pieza deseada. Para cortar, raspar, lijar y pulir las piezas, se ayudan con herramien- tas simples como cucharas, cueros, tenazas, piedras y pedazos de morral. Una vez formadas, las figuras se dejan a la intemperie aproxi- madamente una semana, de manera que resistan la primera cocción en el horno. El color verde característico de esta cerámica se logra, sobre el barro ya cocido, mediante la aplicación de greta, un polvo que, mezclado con agua, se impregna en cada pieza, la cual se hornea nuevamente. Y con esta laboriosa técnica del barro verde vidriado, en Santa María Atzompa se elaboran macetas, cazuelas, comales, jarros, ollas y muchos otros artículos utilitarios y de ornato. Dentro de éstos últimos sobresale la cerámica decorada con pastillaje, una técnica que consiste en agregar flores y hojas a las vasijas, que se conoce localmente como “bordar el barro” Las “pastillas” de flores distinguen la alfarería de Atzompa. 8 SANTA MARÍA ATZOA MP 9 Experiencias imperdibles Visitar el gran juego Conocer más de mil de pelota en la zona años de historia arqueológica de expuesta en el Atzompa Museo Comunitario Este asentamiento satélite de la El recinto alberga una colección urbe zapoteca de Monte Albán integrada por 98 piezas pre- fue edificado entre los años 200 hispánicas, divididas en siete y 900 d.C. Posee un conjunto de núcleos temáticos: descripción tres canchas de juego de pelota, del sitio, relación cultural entre una de las cuales cuenta con 45 Monte Albán y Atzompa, los an- metros de longitud, lo cual la tiguos zapotecos y su relación convierte en la más grande de con el medio ambiente, el esti- la zona, incluida la de Monte lo arquitectónico, el patrón de Albán. asentamiento como reflejo de la organización social, cosmovisión y religión zapoteca, las tumbas de la élite y, por último, la cerá- mica prehispánica. Atzompa es una de esas paradas que no dejan de asombrar al viajero. El Museo Comunitario muestra quiénes eran los antiguos zapotecos. 10 Asombrarse con la sencillez de las herramientas y materiales que se utilizan para crear las piezas de barro verde Resulta fascinante visitar los si- tios de trabajo en las propias ca- sas de los artesanos y conocer las herramientas y materiales que utilizan para crear cada pieza de barro verde: cucharas o piedras lisas para pulir, trozos de cuero para dar forma a las asas, tenazas de metal corta- das para raspar o morrales de plástico para colar el polvo de la greta. Los rudimentarios utensi- lios, sobra decir, contrastan con la finura, los detalles y el sonido cristalino de cada obra. SANTA MARÍA ATZOA MP 11 En Atzompa las piezas se cuecen en hornos tradicionales, que se calientan hasta los 900 grados. Canastas de barro decoradas con esmaltes libres de plomo. 12 Otros sitios de interés Mercado de Mercado de artesanías artesanías del La Asunción Señor del Coro Ubicado en el centro de Santa En los veintiún puestos que con- María Atzompa, exhibe y vende forman este mercado se puede una gran variedad de piezas encontrar una extensa colección de artesanía, principalmente de de piezas tan útiles como hermo- barro verde vidriado. El sistema sas: desde grandes ollas hasta de etiquetas, que indica el nom- pequeños y detallados animales bre del artesano y el precio de la de barro. pieza, permite que algunos de ellos realicen las ventas mien- Libertad s/n, Col. Centro. tras otros se dedican a elaborar Abierto todos los días la cerámica. Libertad 303, Col. Centro Abierto todos los días SANTA MARÍA ATZOA MP 13 Al barro vidriado verde, antes de cocerlo, se le aplica una capa de esmalte sin plomo. Directorio Dónde comer Cuenta con ocho comedores que ofrecen diversos platillos de la La variedad comida regional, como memeli- de técnicas de tas, empanadas de mole ama- rillo, quesillo y flor de calabaza, Atzompa testifica tlayudas, tamales, mole negro, rojo, coloradito y verde. la gran creatividad de sus artesanos. Avenida Independencia s/n, Col. Centro Abierto martes, viernes y domingo. El pastillaje de Atzompa en todo su esplendor. 14 SANTA MARÍA ATZOA MP 15 RUTA MÁGICA DE LAS ARTESANÍAS SANTA MARÍA ATZOMPA Nomenclatura Av. Libertad Ulises Mercado de artesanías Museo Iglesia Ocotal Fresnos Juárez La Unión Laurel Oyamel Independencia 5 de Mayo De las culturas Av. Libertad Acceso desde la Ciudad de Oaxaca Salida a la Ixtlán de Juárez Ciudad de México Pochutla Ciudad de Oaxaca Santa María de Juárez Atzompa Miahuatlán Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán San Bartolo Coyotepec Calle del Ejido Unión Cuilápam de Guerrero Villa de Zaachila Santo Tomás Jalieza San Martín Tilcajete Ciénega de Zimatlán 16 RUTA MÁGICA DE LAS ARTESANÍAS SANTA MARÍA ATZOMPA Nomenclatura Av. Libertad Ulises Mercado de artesanías Museo Iglesia Ocotal Fresnos Juárez La Unión Laurel Oyamel Independencia 5 de Mayo De las culturas Av. Libertad Acceso desde la Ciudad de Oaxaca Salida a la Ixtlán de Juárez Ciudad de México Pochutla Ciudad de Oaxaca Santa María de Juárez Atzompa Miahuatlán Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán San Bartolo Coyotepec Calle del Ejido Unión Cuilápam de Guerrero Villa de Zaachila Santo Tomás Jalieza San Martín Tilcajete Ciénega de Zimatlán SANTA MARÍA ATZOA MP 17 18 San Bartolo Coyotepec Localizada a 13 kilómetros al sur de la Ciudad de Oaxaca, esta locali- dad cuyo nombre significa “en el cerro del coyote” es conocida princi- palmente debido a que más de la mitad de su población se dedica a elaborar cerámica de barro negro, única en el mundo e inconfundible por su color y por su brillante acabado.
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