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HANDBOOK ofthe MALAY LANGUAGE CONTAINING Phrases * Grammar and Dictionary WITH SPECIAL ATTENTION TO

Military and Vocational Requirements

EDUARD F. WINCKEL Lecturer, at the University of Southern California

Distributed By DAVID McKAT COMPANY WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA

1944

P. D. AND IONE PERKINS SOUTH PASADENA, CALIFORNIA Copyright 1944 by P. D. AND IONE PERKINS South Pasadena, California

Printout U.S. A. COMMONWEALTH PRESS DEDICATED TO Indonesia, my native land. May this book help in the early liberation from the usurpers. Salam dan Bahagia! EDUARD F. WINCKEL.

FOREWORD

The purpose of this handbook is to supply a guide for the acquisi- tion of a practical knowledge of Malay. The Malay language, as spoken in every-day life by some eighty million people in the Netherlands East Indies, the Malayan Peninsula, and adjacent territories, is essentially simple. It is possible, therefore, to acquire in a few weeks a basic working knowledge of this language which will enable those who intend to go there to get along very adequately, not only with the Indonesians, but with most of the other settled inhabitants of the extensive areas in the Far East. The more advanced student will soon perceive that there exist minor differences in the vernaculars of the various sections of Malay- sia, and he will adapt himself easily to the special words, expressions, and slight variations of pronunciation in the localities which he may visit. Malaysia is a term used to designate the Malay Peninsula and all the islands of the Indian Ocean, including Indonesia. These variations are due to the fact that the indigenous population consists of many diversified tribes, each preserving its own dialect for home use but also interjecting a few words of its private lingo into the Malay, which is the lingua franca that serves them all in common. Thus, in a few cases, different words are found in various localities to express the same idea. An intelligent Indonesian, however, will never fail to understand a word from some other region, even though he would not ever use that word himself or the pronunciation might vary from his own. In order to save the newcomer any perplexity on this point, such special words have been indicated in the DICTIONARY of this book by noting in parentheses the locality where the words are likely to be heard. Abbreviations used for this and other purposes have been listed on page 185. It should be understood, of course, that this handbook deals pri- marily with the conversational language which is in common use throughout the thousands of islands of the Netherlands East Indies, the Malayan Peninsula, parts of Siam, Burma, Indo-China, and the Philippine Islands. Without a knowledge of this language, it is prac- tically impossible to conduct any kind of business or vocation in Indonesia. The influence of foreign traders and successive invaders has strongly colored this Bngtta franca. Words and phrases of Sanscrit, Arabic, Persian, Chinese and later of Portuguese, English, and Dutch origin have, through the ages, been introduced. These terms* altered

vii by the natives to suit the peculiar twist of the Malay tongue, have become an intrinsic part of the colloquial Malay which is taught in this book. High Malay, the purer but far more difficult language of literature, is a mixture of the original Malay of Sumatra, Sanscrit and Arabic, and has been kept fairly free from further foreign infiltrations. That rich and flowery language, however, is used only in highly cultured forms of expression which fall outside the scope of the practical work here presented. Attention must be called to a peculiarity of Malay speech. Certain words are used by the natives only when addressing their superiors, such as their chiefs, or white people never vice versa. In this hand- book, these words which will be heard, but seldom used by the Westerner are designated "polite." There are also some words which the natives use only when speak- ing to a subordinate or close relative. The Occidental might use them occasionally to a coolie, for instance. These are termed "familiar." After learning some of the more common Malay words and phrases which are carefully listed in this book according to their use, the student is advised to turn to the chapter on GRAMMAR and famili- arize himself with the simple rules for word-formation, which he will readily recognize. By enriching his vocabulary from the DICTIONARY and PRAC- TICES IN CONVERSATION, which are typical of the every-day intercourse he will have with the natives, he will soon be able to express himself freely in the melodious tongue of the Malays. In the DICTIONARY, Malay words, especially verbs, are listed in the order of preference in the common conversation of the Nether- lands East Indies, and not according to grammatical exactness. The first word has been selected because it is the ordinary choice of the Indonesian, who most frequently uses root words, omitting the pre- fixes and suffixes which many verbs and nouns require. The Malay words which follow may be used for both speaking and writing, and in cases are many f from a grammatical standpoint, more correct. The material offered in this handbook is the result of many years of direct contact with the several dialects of the native population, and is designed to meet both the verbal and written requirements of ordi- nary business, as well as all other practical purposes. EDUARD F. WINCKEL. Hollywood, California, Tartrtsirv

VH1 CONTENTS

FOREWORD vii, viii

INTRODUCTION 1

Abbreviations 1

Written Language ...... 1 Spelling 1

PRONUNCIATION 5-9

Syllabification 6

Accentuation . . 6

Pronunciation Drills 7-9

NUMERALS 9-12

Cardinals . . 9-11 Ordinals 11 Fractional 11

Idiomatic Numerical Expressions 11-1)3

PHRASES AND WORD LISTS 12-17

Divisions of Time - . 12 Hours of the Day .13-14 Days of the Week 14 Months of the Year...... 14-15 The Year 15 Expressions Relating to Time 16-17

Money * *... 17

Weights and Measures. , , . . .17-18

Words in Constant Use. , , . , 18-80 Useful Words for the Army Useful Words for the Navy Useful Words for the Air Forces .25-87 PRACTICES IX CONVERSATION 29-67 In a Hotel 31-34 Troops Lost in the Jungle 34-36 Hunting 37-39 Specific Jungle Conversation 39-42 Foraging in a Native Village 43-46

Hiring Native Labor. . 46-48 Arrest Native Traitors 48-54 Rehabilitation of Oil Fields 55-67

GRAMMAR 69-81 Prefixes 71-73 Suffixes 73-74 Doubling 74 Compounding and Co-ordination 75 Verbs 75-76 Nouns 76 Adjectives 76 Pronouns 76-80 Adverbs 80 Prepositions 80 Conjunctions 81 Interjections 81 Idiomatic Words 81

DICTIONARY 83-183 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

NTRODUCTION THE WRITTEN LANGUAGE The ancient Malay literature was written in Arabic script, and even now the Arabic characters are used by educated natives in some parts of Malaysia in their correspondence with each other. Generally, how- ever, the Latin letters are used in modern Malay writing and in print, as they are in English. SPELLING In deciding upon a choice of the Dutch or the English way of spelling, the author has taken into consideration the fact that the vast majority of Malay-speaking people have been Dutch subjects for cen- turies, and, therefore, use the Dutch spelling exclusively. They would be confused to see the English spelling in print or in writing. Only about 10% of the Malays live in British territory and use English spelling. Moreover, the sounds and spelling of the Netherlands language is more adaptable to the Malay tongue. The Dutch way of spelling has, accordingly, been followed in this handbook, since it will offer the student a much wider field for prac- tical application. The main difference between the Dutch and English spelling is found in oe, a Malay vowel which is always pronounced as in the English word "shoe." In the English spelling, this sound oe is ex- pressed by the letter "u", which is pronounced in some cases as the "oe" in "shoe," but not always. The other deviations are English Dutch "j" dj "ch" tj *y j These are not important, as the pronunciation in both cases is the same. ABBREVIATIONS Bat. Batavia and vicinity Soer. Soerabaia and vicinity Sum. Sumatra Sing, Singapore and Malayan Peninsula N. E. I. Netherlands East Indies am. familiar pol. polite Eng. English Mai. Malay L/T. literal translation * word must be repeated

PRONUNCIATION, NUMERALS PHRASES and WORD LISTS

PRONUNCIATION

As a general rule, in Malay vowels are pronounced as in Italian, and the consonants as in English. Standardized combinations of

letters, such as oe, dj, ng, nj, and tj, are pronounced as one letter. Vowels The vowels have approximately the following sounds: a _ as in "ah", "part", "Carl" (NEVER as in "hang") e mute, as in "her" (in this handbook ALWAYS marked e) e _ (not marked) as in "let", "get" i as the "ee" in "deep", "steep" o as in "nor", "hot" oe _ as in "shoe" (NEVER as in "hoe") Diphthongs ai the "a" and "i" are pronounced separately, "a" as in "ah", "i" as the "ee" in "deep" au the "a" and "u" are pronounced separately, "a" as in "ah", "11" as the "oo" in "boot"

Consonants The consonants are pronounced as in English, with the following exceptions : ch _ like "k", as in "chorus" (See Note) dj like the English "j" in "jam" (No "z" sound) f as in English, or like "p" (See Note) g always as in "go" h clearly, as in English, if between two identical vowels : paliat, bc/hong, lelier; otherwise, almost inaudibly: ha'ii, soe'dali, _ talioe, pengha'bisan ) Hke y in "you", "yes" k as in "king**, but almost inaudibly at the end of a word ng as in "long", "hang" (No separate "g" sound) nj like "n", pltts "y" as in "you" r more like the Scottish 'V* (rolling) than the Eaglsb w tj like the English "cb , as in "chin", "chum" w like the EngEsfa *V, as in "veil", "vamp" z like the English "j"

" NOTE: The coasoiaaat *W occurs only in vgppi* tiemdft Irons t$ie u Arabian language, Tl^e Airafeic jpronuaciation of $if* w w d* of *!&* osr of tfec Dttfcdi 6 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE it difficult to pronounce the Arabic "ch", they substitute for it a "k". Therefore, in writing as well as in speech, "k" is usually found in place of "ch". A few Malays, however, knowing that the word is correctly spelled with "ch" have learned the Arabic pronunciation: cha'bar, "news", often written and pronounced katxir. The consonant "f" is likewise borrowed from the Arabs who give it the English pronunciation. The Malays usually pronounce it as a "p", although some endeavor to give it the "f" sound: fi'fcir, "think", usually written and pro- nounced pildr. As is the case in most countries, pronunciation differs in the various sections of Malaysia, In Batavia and all West-Java, the "i" resembles the long "ee" in "deep", while in Sourabaya and all East-Java, the vowels "a*', "i", and "o** are shorten In Singapore and the Malay Peninsula, natives have a more explosive manner of speaking than in Java, while the Malays of Sumatra speak more smoothly, with less staccato accent Indonesians of Bali, Lombok, and the Preanger (West Java) are more melodious in their speech than all other tribes. In Batavia, one may hear native women rattle away with so much slang that it is difficult to follow them, but otherwise, little confusion will be encoun- tered in the variations of speech. As a rule, Indonesians are soft-spoken, and they use few words. Furthermore, their innate refinement prevents them from showing even the slightest amazement if they are addressed incorrectly or indistinctly. SYLLABIFICATION Attention must be called to the fact that in the Dutch method of spelling, the division of words into syllables differs in many cases from the English. To avoid any possible confusion, however, the accented syllable of all dissyllabic and polysyllabic Malay words has been marked through- out the entire book. ACCENTUATION

As a rule, in Malay the stress is laid on the next to the last syl- lable of a word: sa'kit, sa'rong, ba'tik, bangsa'wan, laksama'na, hoeloebalang. But if the vowel in the penult is mute, then the stress falls on the last syllable: Kerdja', gembreng', tenggelern', terbang'. (As previously noted, in this handbook mute e is always marked e.) If a prefix or a suffix, or both, are added to a word, these rules are applied to the root word, not to the compounded one: kerdja* pa-kerdja'-an tan'doek ber-tan'doek / tjisnploeag* ka-tjemploeng PRONUNCIATION 7

A concise study of the prefixes and suffixes used in Malay will he found in the chapter on GRAMMAR. Because correct accentuation is so essential for the proper pronun- ciation of the Malay language, throughout this entire book the sylla- ' bles which have to be stressed are marked with the acute accent ( ). PRONUNCIATION DRILLS PRONOUNCE: "a" as in "ah", "art", "Carl" (NEVER as in "hang", or as in "make") a'nak (child) ram'batan (creeper) ba'wa (bring) bela'kang (behind) sa'ja (I) ang'kat (take away) ta'naman (plantation) o'rang (man)

**e" as in "her" kentel' (thickened) menenggelem'ken (transitive) sepet' (tart) (to sink) tenggelem' (intransitive) kembang' (flower) (to sink) mengenal'ken (to make known) terkena' (hit.)

"e" as in "let' be'tet (parakeet) deng'deng (dried meat) * be'tjek (muddy) tjere'wet (nagging) "i" like "ee" as in "deep" milir (downstream) pembi'kinan (product) ti'pis (thin) bidada'ri (nymph) mTmis (shot) mentjin'tai (to love) serim'pi (court dancer)

"o" as in "nor" po'tong (cut) tong'tong (signal) pon'dok (camp house) om'poag (teethless) to'tok (newcomer) dong'kerak (jack) "oe" as In "shoe" (NEVER as in "hoe") oen'toeng (profit) toeng'goe (wait) oe'roes (regulate) doe'pa (incense) oeler (snake) menga'tjoem (agitate) ,

4/ ai" (pronounced separately), V as in "ah", T like tfee "ee" as br "deep" F f n^ilr (go tip) t>&ra mai-ca iBai^i (to tere a balk (good) good On*) (make p^^) 8 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE * ik in "u" in au" (pronounced separately j, "a" as "ah", like the "oo" as "boot"

poe'lau (island) dau'lat (good luck) tau'lan ka'lau (if) (chum) ran'djau (man-trap)

1 ' like "ch" as in "chorus ( XEVER "tj") cha'bar (news) choe'loed (eternity) chawa'tir (worry) mach'loek (creature) u dj" like the English "j" djeroek' (citrus fruit) pan'djang (long) djoe'wal (sell) telan'djang (naked) dji'mat (talisman) mendjoe'djai (sniping) djoema'at (meeting) djamadjoe'dja (doomsday)

"f" like the English "p" na'fas (breathe) fa'tsal (chapter) fe'sta (festivity) hoe'roef (lettertype) fi'kir (thought) moeafa'kat (deliberate) ferdoe'li (mind)

T> '*h clearly, if between two identical vowels paliat (chisel) poe'hoen (tree) bo'hong (He) menaTian (to hold) lelaer (throat)

4i J h" almost in audibly if at beginning or at end of a word, or if between two different letters ha'ri (day) paliit (bitter) hi'doep (alive) dja'he (ginger) soe'dah (already) rah'man (merciful) sebelah' (next to) hoeloeha'ti (pit of the stomach) memin'dahken (to transfer) penghalbisan (end) talioe (know)

1 "j" like "y" in "you (NO "2" or "dj" sound) ja (yes) la'jar (sail) r jahoe di (Jew) Jang (which, that) f Ia joe (wilted) bergo'jang (shaking)

"ng" as in "singing" (NO "g" sound) kembang' (flower) goe'noeng (mountain) pange'ran (prince) ngengap' (choke) ngo'rok (snore) f PRONUNCIATION 9

"nj" like "n", plus "y'' as in "you" penja'kit (disease) nja'moek (mosquito) mi'njak (oil) njo'nja (Mrs.)

"r" more rolling than English "r" ram'boet (hair) koe'rang a'djar (rude, fresh) 3 perang' (war) boe'roe (make haste) berperang' (make war) berboe'roe (hunting)

"tj" like "ch" as in "chin" tjin'ta (love) tjerepela'i (weasel) tjin'tjang (cut in small pieces) tja'tjing (worm)

"w" like English "v" in "veil", "vamp" wa'jang (Malay marionette) mela'wan (resist) wa'kil (agent) soewa'mi (husband) weda'na (district chief) soewa'ra (voice) NUMERALS There are only sixteen words to be learned in order to count in the Malay language: sa'toe (abbreviated to sa- in compounds) .one doe'wa two

ti'ga three am'pat four li'ma five a'nam, a'nem six toe'djoe seven dela'pan eight sembi'lan nine poe'loe ten(s) belas' (bias) teen ra'toes .hundred(s) rTboe thousand(s) lak'sa .ten thousand(s) ketf .hundred thotisand(s)

djoe'ta - . million(s) From these sixteen basic words, all the numerals are formed.

CARDINALS

One .... * sa'toe, sa

Two , ...... > . .--.... 10 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Three ti'ga Four am'pat Five li'ma Six a'nam, a'nem Seven toe'djoe Eight dela'pan Nine .sembi'lan Ten sa-poe'loe Eleven sa-blas' (sa-belas') Twelve doe'wa-blas'

Thirteen ti'ga-blas' Fourteen am'pat-blas' Fifteen lima' bias' Sixteen a'nam-blas' Seventeen toe'djoe-blas' Eighteen dela'pan-blas' Nineteen sembi'lan-blas' Twenty doe'wa-poe'loe Twenty-one doe'wa-poe'loe-sa'toe Twenty-two ^oe'wa-poe'loe-doe'wa Twenty-three doe'wa-poe'loe-ti'ga Twenty-four doe'wa-poe'loe-am'pat Twenty-five doe'wa-poe'loe-li'ma Twenty-six doe'wa-poe'loe-a'nam Twenty-seven doe'wa-poe'loe-toe'djoe Twenty-eight doe'wa-poe'loe-dela'pan Twenty-nine doe'wa-poe'loe-sembi'lan Thirty ti'ga-poe'loe Forty am'pat-poe'loe Fifty li'ma-poe'loe Sixty a'nam-poe'loe Seventy toe'djoe-poe'loe Eighty dela'pan-poe'loe Xinety sembilan-poe'loe One hundred sa-ra'toes One hundred and one .sa-ra'toes-sa'toe One hundred and five sa-ra'toes-li'ma One hundred and twenty-six sa-ra'toes-doe'wa-poe'loe-a'nain

Two hundred . , .doe'wa-ra'toes One thousand sa-riTx>e One thousand and three ...... sa-rfboe-ti'ga

One thousand and forty-seven . . .sa-ri'boe-am'pat-poeloe-toe'djoe NUMERALS 11

Eleven hundred and eleven sa-ri'boe-sa-ra'toes-sa-belas'

Sixteen hundred and eighty-nine. . sa-ri'boe~a'nam-ra'toes-dela'pan- poe'loe sembi'lan Two thousand doe'wa-ri'boe Ten thousand sa-lak'sa, sa-poe'loe-ri'boe One hundred thousand sa-ra'toes-ri'boe, sa-keti' One million sa-djoe'ta, sa-ra'toes-lak'sa One billion sa-ri'boe-djoe'ta NOTE: The cardinal numerals precede the nouns to which they refer. ORDINALS

Ordinals are formed by adding the prefix ka to the cardinals, and placing before them the word Jang. The only exception to this rule is jang perta'ma, "first," which means literally "beginning," First jang perta'ma Second jang kadoe'wa Third jang kati'ga Fourth jang kaam'pat Fifth jang kali'ma etc.

Instead of the prefix ka, the word no'mor, "number," before the cardinal, is commonly used in Java and other parts of the Netherlands

East Indies : First jang no'mor sa'toe Second jang no'mor doe'wa Third .jang no'mor ti'ga, etc. NOTE: Ordinals follow the nouns to which they refer.

FRACTIONALS

Fractional are formed by placing the word per between the

numerator and denominator : sa'toe per dela'pan, "one-eighth" ; ti'ga per am'pat, "three-fourths." The exception to this rule is sateng'ab, "one-half." IDIOMATIC NUMERAL EXPRESSIONS

Two special- features of the use of Malay numerals deserve

mention ;

(1) A peculiar numeral form Is created by prefixing foer t Ifee A cardinals : ki'ta ma'soek foertiga, kalae^war i>&tfoe wa means entered in a par%r af ttero* aa$ came out is a fftrty of 12 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Sometimes, besides the prefix her, the suffix an is added : berti'gaan, meaning "the three of us," or "all three/'

(2) In enumerating, the Malay uses o'rang after the numeral, for human beings: li'ma o'rang dits (djerman), "five Germans"; or

toe'wan, no'na, etc., more polite, for their superiors : li'ma toe'wan dok'tor, "five doctors"; sa'toe no'na doe'koen bera'nak, "one midwife," etc.

e'kor before names of animals : a'nam e'kor koe'da, "six horses."

bi'dji before small objects: li'ma bi'dji perma'ta me'rah, "five rubies."

ba'tang before names of long, cylindrical objects such as trees, spears, logs, etc.: bera'toesan ba'tang ka'joe dja'ti, "hundreds of teakwood logs."

poe'tjoek before the word for letters: pasoe'ratan ba'wa sapoe'loe poe'tjoek soe'rat, "The mailman brought ten letters." po'tong for many different objects not specified. boe'wah for names of globular objects or names of large, bulky,

massive objects, such as rocks, mountains, ships, and airplanes : saboe'wah ka'pal perang' dan doe'wapoe'loe boewah ka'pal oeda'ra di bina'saken. "One warship and twenty airplanes were destroyed."

There are others which are seldom used, such as helai' for light, thin objects, and boe'tir, boe'koe, pang'gal, etc.

In conversation these words are not always necessary, but in correspondence it is essential to use them in the proper place. PHRASES AND WORD LISTS DIVISIONS OF TIME

A moment sa-kedjap' Evening so're, petang' Minute .menit', menoet' Nightly wak'toe ma'lem Day ha'ri Day and Night. siang' ma'lem Week mlng'goe Morning pa'gi 2 Month boelan Early morning. pa'gi Year talioen Dawn di'ni-ha'ri Century .aTjad Noon teng'ah-ha'ri Daytime .... .siang* Sunrise ma'soek mataha'ri Night-time ,..maTem Sunset terbit' mataha'ri PHRASES and WORD LISTS 13 HOURS OF THE DAY

The time of day is expressed by prefixing the word poe'koel

("strike") to the cardinal number of the hour :

Two o'clock , poe'koel doe'wa Exactly two o'clock .poe'koel doe'wa betoel' After two o'clock li'wat poe'koel doe'wa Almost two o'clock am'pir poe'koel doe'wa At what time? poe'koel bra'pa? What time is it? poe'koel bra'pa? Not yet two o'clock belom' poe'koel doe'wa

Differences of minutes, quarters, and half-hours are expressed as follows :

Eng. : One minute past twelve.

Mai. : poe'koel doe'wablas' lebih' sa'toe menoet'

L.T. : "strike" . . "twelve" . . "more" . . "one" . . "minute"

Eng. : One minute before twelve.

Mai. : poe'koel doe'wablas' koe'rang sa'toe menoet'

L.T. : "strike", ."twelve", ."less", ."one", ."minute"

Eng. : A quarter past one. Mai.: poe'kal sa'toe lebih' sapera'pat, or poe'koel satoe limablas'.

L.T. : "strike", ."one", ."more", ."one-quarter", ."strike", ."one" "fifteen"

Eng. : A quarter to one.

Mai. : poe'koel sa'toe koe'rang sapera'pat. L.T.: "strike", ."one", ."less", ."one-quarter"

Eng. : Half-past two. Mai,: poe'koel sateng'ah ti'ga.

Eng. : Half-past twelve. Mai.: poe'koel sateng'ah sa'toe.

Eng. : Twenty minutes to two. MaL: poe'koel doe'wa koe'rang doe'wa-poeloe menoet'.

NOTE: The above follows the Dutch way of computing the time by clockwork. la Singapore and other British territories, the natives usually follow the English way. The above examples would be expressed there as follows (English spelling):

Eng, : One mintite past twelve. MaL: pukul dua-blas lebeh satu minnit. 14 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : One minute before twelve.

Mai. : pukul dua-blas korang satu minnit.

Eng. : A quarter past one.

Mai. : pukul satu lebeh satu suku.

Eng. : A quarter to one.

Mai. : pukul dua-blas lebeh tiga suku.

Eng. : Half past two.

Mai. : pukul dua stengah.

Eng. : Half past twelve.

Mai. : pukul dua-blas stengah.

Eng.: Twenty minutes to two. Mai : pukul satu lebeh arnpat-pulu minnit.

NOTE: It must be understood that the more primitive natives in the interior of the country and on the remote islands on the periphery of the East- Indian Archipelago have no knowledge of the workings of a clock. Their computation of time is done by judging the position of the sun, the moon, and the stars. Rural Malays calculate the time of day by regular happenings. Thus, they may use such expressions as kalau la'lar bergerak' (when the flies begin 1 to move\ meaning "early morning/ and a'jam soe'dah mengan'toek (the chickens want to go to sleep), meaning "late in the afternoon or sunset."

THE DAYS OF THE WEEK Sunday ha'ri ming'goe Thursday ha'ri kemis' Monday ha'ri senen' Friday ...... ha'ri djoema'hat

Tuesday . . .ha'ri sela'sa Saturday ha'ri sap'toe Wednesday ha'ri reboe'

NOTE: These words are derived from the Arabic names, except ha'ri The ming'goe, "Sunday." Arabic expression for "Sunday" is yom il hadd, and accordingly many Malays call the Sunday ha'ri ahad' instead of ha'ri ming'goe.

MONTHS OF THE YEAR

In the Netherlands East Indies the names of the months are taken from the Western names, but are often spelled and pronounced in the Malay way and prefixed by the word boe'lan, which means "month" or "moon." In British territories, however, the English names of the months prevail. PHRASES and WORD LISTS 15

January boe'lan djanoewa'ri July boe'lan djoe'li February ..boe'lan pebroewa'ri August ....boe'lan augoes'tes March boe'lan ma'ret September .boe'lan septem'ber April boe'lan a'pril October boe'lan okto'ber

May boe'lan mei November . .boe'lan nopem'ber June boe'lan djoe'ni December ..boe'lan desern'ber

Among the natives, especially those who are devout Mohamme- dans, the Mohammedan calendar is followed. The Mohammedan months do not correspond in any way to the months of the Christian calendar. They are :

1 . . Muharram 7 . . Rajab 2..Safar - S..Sha'aban

3 . . Rabi'ul-awwal or Mau'loed 9 . . Ramadlan (boe'lan poewa'sa)

4 . . Rabi'ul-akhir 10 . . Shawal

5 . . Jumadu'l-awwal 11.. Dzulkaidah

6 . . Jumadu'l-akhir 12 .. Dzulhijjah NOTE: These Arabian names, except sometimes the ninth, Ramadlan, are never used by Christians. Ramadlan is the month during which Mohammedans must fast every day between sunrise and sunset, and it is therefore usually called boe'lan poewa'sa, "fasting month." It plays a noticeable part in the Malayan's life, as the continued fast generally makes him unfit for work. At the end of the fast he celebrates with leba'ran, his equivalent of the Christian's New Year, and many natives then experience difficulties from overeating and from going into debt for the purchase of the customary new clothes, The day of the month is expressed as follows:

January 1st ... .- tangfgal sa'toe djanoewa'ri

March 10th < tang'gal sapoe'loe ma'ret - NOTE: Natives living in remote parts where contact with occidentals is sporadic, do not, naturally, know anything about the Christian calendar. In Malaya and parts of Sumatra where the Chinese population is prevalent, tfee Chinese custom of naming the months by their numerical order is generally followed. Thus "January" is called boe'lan sa'toe (month one), "February," boelan doe'wa (month two), etc. THE YEAR In ordinary business the Christian era is used. The Mohatnmedatt era is rarely used. It dates from the flight of Mohammed from Mecca 9 (622 A.D.), and is called talioen hedjrah, meaning "year of Bight* Year A.D .talioen ma'sihi

Year A.H ta*hoen hedjrafa Year 1943 AJ) talioen ma'sihi sarPboe semMlan xa'toes poeloe ti'ga 16 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

EXPRESSIONS RELATING TO TIME A long time ago soe'dah la'ma A long time hence ma'si la'ma Always selama'nja, sela'loe A moment ago ba'roesan, sabentar' ta'di Another time lain kali Day after tomorrow loe'sa, be'sok-loe'sa Day before yesterday kema'rin doe'loe Early ma'si ba'njak tem'po 2 Early morning pa'gi betoel' Every day sa'ban ha'ri Every other day let saha'ri Four days ago soe'da am'pat ha'ri How long bra'pa la'ma How long hence? .bra'pa la'ma la'gi? In a moment more sabentar' la'gi Just gone ba'roe pi'gi Just recently ta'di Last Monday ha'ri senen' Jang soe'dah Last month boe'lan jang soe'dah Last night kema'rin ma'lem Last year ta'hoen yang soe'dah, ta'hoen la'loe (Sing.) Late at night soe'dah ma'lem betoel'

Late (it is) soe'dah lat.

Never , . .selama'nja tida, ta pernah' (Sing.) Next month lain boe'lan Next time lain ka'li

New Year , ta'hoen ba'roe New Year (Moham.) leba'ran Not yet belom', ma'si belom' Now seka'rang 2 Now and then ka'dang kala, sering Often seringka'li Right away lan'tas, seka'rang djoe'ga Sometimes 2 2 tem'po , ka'dang Then pa'da ma'sa i'toe The whole day ante'ro Ba'ri, sa-pan'djang ha'ri This so're 7 evening i'ni, petang i'ni (Sing.) Today ha'ri i'ni, i'ni ha'ri Today it is June 26. Ha'ri i'ni tangfgal doe'wapoeloea'nam djoe'nL Tomorrow .be'sok PHRASES and WORD LISTS 17

Tomorrow evening be'sok so're Tomorrow morning be'sok pa'gi Tomorrow night be'sok ma'lem What date is it? Tang'gal bra'pa? When ka'pan, bi'la While sala'gi, semanta'ra Yesterday kema'rin MONEY NETHERLANDS EAST INDIES

A one-half cent sape'ser A cent sa'toe sen; sa'toe doe'wit

Two and one-half cents, . .sa'toe go'bang

Five cents , , . .li'ma sen; sateng'ah pi'tjis Ten cents .sapi'tjis; sa'toe ketip' Twenty-five cents ...... satali; sapra'pat roepi'a Fifty cents sateng'ah roepi'a A guilder sa'toe roepi'a; sa'toe pe'rak Two and one-half guilders. sa'toe ring'git Paper money oewang' kertas' BRITISH TERRITORIES A cent .sa'toe sen; sa'toe doe'wit

Two and one-half cents. . .oewang' ba'roe

Five cents li'ma sen ; li'ma doe'wit

Ten cents . , sapoe'loeh sen; sa koe'pang Twenty cents doe'wa poe'loeh sen; doe'wa koe'paag; A half-dollar sateng'ah ring'git A dollar .sa'toe ring'git A rupee .sa'toe roepi'a Benggala A guilder sa'toe ring'git Dja'wa Paper money ring'git not NOTE: It is not clear to what extent the Japanese occupation has effected changes in the monetary systems of Malaysia. All the above-numerated names are from the pre-war period. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES NETHERLANDS EAST INDIES Although the modern Dutch metric system has in many places superseded the old native system, we still find the latter in common use, especially in the interior of the country. 18 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

A pound (Amsterdam pound) sa'toe poen One and one-quarter pound sa'toe ka'ti One hundred kati (One hundred and twenty-five Amsterdam pound) sa'toe pi'koel Thirty pi'koel (salt) sa'toe ko'yan

Twenty-seven, twenty-eight or thirty pi'koel (rice) . . .sa'toe ko'yan

To weigh gold the natives use the unit ta'hil (0.054 K.G.). One ta'hil two real' One soe'koe two ta'li 7 One real' . . . , four soe'koe One ta'li three oewang

To weigh opium the unit is also the ta'hil, but weighs less (0.0386 K.G.).

One ta'hil . . , One-sixteenth ka'ti ten tji

One tji ten tim'bang, ma'ta

Native measures of length and area are : One mile (Java: 1507 meters)

(Sumatra : 1852 meters) sa'toe pal; sa-batoe

One fathom . sa'toe depa' One meter sa'toe e'lo, me'ter One foot .sa'toe ka'ki One inch sa'toe dim One decametre .sa'toe toem'bak One morgen (600 ares) .sa'toe ba'oe

BRITISH TERRITORIES In addition to the above-mentioned Netherlands East Indies meas- ures, the natives of the Malayan Peninsula use the following units : One-half pint sa'toe pa'u One pint sa'toe chu'pa One quart sa'toe gan'tang

One inch , sa'toe in'chi One yard sa'toe ela One mile sa'toe ba'toe One acre sa'toe eTca 832 grains of gold sa'toe bong'kal mas

WORDS IN CONSTANT USE Advance (of wages) perskot' (Java) ; chengram' (Sing.) Airplane ka'pa! oeda'ra Ask for; like to have min'ta PHRASES and WORD LISTS 19

Automobile mo'bil; o'to; taxi Borrow .pin'djem

Boy (servant) djo'ngos (Java) ; boy (Sing.) Bring ba'wa Buy beli' bi'sa bo'leh Can (X.E.L) ; (Sing.) Call pang'gil Careful a'ti-a'ti .... e'bro Carnage (four wheels) .kare'ta, (Bat.) ; ko'song (Soer.) ; kare'ta se'wa (Sing.) sa'do Carriage (two wheels) (West Java) ; do'kar (East Java) Chauffeur soepir' Cheap moe'ra

China ta'nah Tiong'kok (N.E.L) ; negeri' Tji'na (Sing.)

Chinese .TiongTioa (N.E.I.) ; Tji'na (Sing.) Come here ma'ri si'nl Cook ..k

Expensive . . ,.,,.,.... ma'hal Fetch am'bil Find da'pet Gardener toe'kang kebon' Gasoline ben'sien Get (obtain) da'pet Get going, walk dja'Ian Give ... ka'si Go away pi'gi Go home .poelang

Go to the left , . .dja'Ian ki'ri Go to the right dja'Ian ka'nan Go straight ahead djaTan troes

He ; she ,.,....., di'a

Here si'ni, disi'n! Hither kama'ri

How much ... , bra'pa

Hurry tip ; qtiick...... lekas'; tjepe'tan I ,*..-^.^*v-. -sa'ja^ goe'wa (fam.), afcoe 20 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

7 Japanese Djepang Know ta'hoe Left ki'ri

Little (a) sedi'kit Look out a'was

Maid (servant) ba'boe (N.E.L) ; a'ma (Sing.) Malay Mela'joe May bo'leh Miss No'na Mr Toe'wan. Mrs Njo'nja Money oe'wang, wang, doe'wit

No, not ti'da ; engga' (Bat.) ; ta (Sing.) Pay ba'jar Right ka'nan Sell .djoe'wal

Slowly plan-plan ; pla'han-plalian

Speak . .bitja'ra; o'mong (N.E.I.) tja'kap (Sing, and Sum.) Stop bren'ti That, those i'toe

There si'toe, disi'toe ; sa'na, disa'na There is a'da

There is not ti'da a'da, tia'da This, these ...... i'ni Too much (too high price) .terla'loe ma'hal Towards ka

Understand mengar'ti ; her'ti Wages ga'dji Wait toeng'goe Want, will ma'oe f We ki'ta, ki'ta o rang Where ma'na, dimarna Whither kama'na

Who sia'pa, sa'pa Yes ja; ia; sa'ja (pol.) You kowe', loe (fam.) USEFUL WORDS FOR THE ARMY Advance ma'djoe Airdrome la'pang penerbang'an Airplane ka'pal oeda'ra, pesa'wat terbang' PHRASES and WORD LISTS 21

Ambush a'dang, a'dangan Annihilate membina'saken Anti-tank gun meri'am penang'kis tank Army .ang'katan da'rat Artillery pasoek'an meri'am* Attack menga'boek, melang'gar, menjerang' 7 Aviator .djoe'roe terbang / Bandage (to) .membebat', boeng koes Barbed wire ka'wat doe'ri Barracks tang's! Battle panjerang'an Bayonet sang'koer Bleeding berda'rah Bomb (to) menem'baki pe'lor a'pi; membom'

Bomb (incendiary) pe'lor a'pi ; born pembaTcar

Bullet .- pe'lor Cannon .meri'am Captain .kapi'tan

Cavalry . ba'ris koe'da

Cease fire ! bren'ti menem'bak Commander of Arhiy djen'deral Corporal kop'eral Dangerous .berbeha'ja, kema'tian Defeated soe'dah kala Defensive .perta'hanan Deserter o'rang ming'gat Die (to) ma'ti, rnening'gal Enemy la'wan, moe'soeh Fight (to) bSrkelaTii Fire (to) (to shoot) . . .tem'bak, menem'bak Flag bande'ra Forage (to) ...... beli' ma'kanan solda'doe Fortification .ben'teng Foxhole loTbang semboe'ni^ l^ok' lin'doeng Gain victory menang' General .djen'deral Guerrilla .gerilla, prang ketji!' Guide pengoen'djoek Hospital .roe'mah sa'kit Infantry .solda'doe sna'pan, ba'risan djalau IkaTd Interpreter ,...... djoe^roe baha'sa Kill (to) ...... -...*.... .bTkm ma'ti, boc'nodk 22 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Landing field ta'nah menoe'roeni ka'pal oeda'ra Lieutenant le'tenan Machine gun bedil' mesin' Major ma'jor Make peace berda'mai March (to) berdja'lan Meat da'ging Mechanized forces .... pasoek'an tank Medicine o'bat Mine ran'djau Mopping up mengoe'sir Motorized forces .pasoek'an bermo'tor Nationality negeri'nja

Offensive . . penjerang'an Officer oep'sir Paratroopers pasoek'an penerdjoen' Peace da'mai

Pistol pis'tol Poison gas gas ra'tjoen Prisoner . o'rang tertang'kep Private, soldier solda'doe, serda'doe Repulse mengoen'doerken Rest .berhen'ti, berdiam'

Rifle snap'an, sendja'ta a'pi, bedil' Saber pedang', kle'wang

Safe * santau'sa, sela'met Sentry, guard ka'wal Sergeant .sersan' Shoot (to) tem'bak, menem'bak Shoot down tem'bak dja'to Shotgun bedir Sleep (to) ...... ti'doer Smoke screen a'sap memboe'ni Soldier .serda'doe Spy ma'ta ma'ta Stalk (to), (to sneak) ...... dja'Ian hen'dap-hen'dap Steel helmet to'pi best'

Surrender (to) , menjerah'ken Tank tank, kare'ta perang' Tired tja'pai Tommy gun bedil' ma'sin ketjil' Trench pa^rit, galian PHRASES and WORD LISTS 23

U. S. A . . . Ame'rika Seri'kat War prang' Wounded loe'ka

USEFUL WORDS FOR THE NAVY

Admiral laksama'na Aircraft carrier ka'pal in'doek pesa'wat terbang' Anchor djang'kar, sa'oeh Anchorage pela'boean Battleship ka'pal penoem'boek Beach ping'gir ia'oet, pesi'sir Boat (native) pra'hoe, ko'lek Boat (lighter) tambang'an, sam'pan Boat (small) djoe'koeng

Boat (small European) . ..sko'tji / Boatswain . . ,serang Bow haloewan Captain kapi'tan la'oet Collide bersoen'toeh, kabentoer' Commander-in-chief pangli'ma la'oet Compass .padom'an Corvette korvet'

Crocodile . .boea'ja Cruiser ka'pal pa'jir; ka'pal kroe'is Current ha'roes Damaged karoe'sakan, roe'sak Deep da'lem Depth bomb bom boeat mela'wan ka'pal selam' Destroyer .ka'pal terpe'do Dive .seloe'loep, menjelem' Driven ashore kan'das, mengan'da&kcn Drown (to) .ma'ti tenggaem' East -ti'mor f Estuary .koewala, nw>ewa ra Fish i'kan

Float (to) Jigam'baag Fog ka'boet Island ^poelau Land (to) (to go ashore) . . .naik da'rat Leak ....bo'tjor Lighthotise ,,.*,.. ******.*ro^a'ra a'pi 24 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Load (to) moewat'

Lookout . tin'djau Map gam'bar, peta' Mediterranean la'oetan teng'ah Mine ran'djau la'oet Mine layer ka'pal pena'roeh ran'djau Minesweeper ka'pal penja'poe ran'djau Navy ang'katan ka'pal prang North oeta'ra

Northeast . .ti'mor la'oet Northwest ba'rat la'oet

Oar . . da'joeng

Officer , oep'sir la'oet Periscope tero'pong ka'pal selam' Pitch berang'gok-ang'gok Port-side .sabelah' ki'rinja ka'pal

Raft . ra'kit 7 Ram (to) kabentoer River ka'li, soeng'ai Rock (in ocean) ka'rang Row (to) berda'joeng Rudder kemoe'di Sailing vessel ka'pal la'jar Sailor man'teroes Sea la'oet

Seabattle , prang di la'oet Shallow tje'tek Shark i'kan tjoe'tjoet Shelling menem'bak, tem'bak Shipwreck tjila'ka ka'pal, ka'ram Sink (to) tengelem' Sink (cause to) menga'ramken South sela'tan Southeast tangga'ra Southwest ba'rat da'ja Starboard .... sabelah' ka'nan ka'pal Steering-wheel .poe'teran kemoe'di Stern boe'ritan, bSa'kang Storm ang'in riTx>et Stormy weather moe'sim rilxjet Stranded .tersangTcoet di da'rat Strike (a rock) .raemban'ting (ka'rang) PHRASES and WORD LISTS 25

Submarine ka'pal selem' (menjelem') Swim berenang' Tackle (fish) peka'kas tang'kep i'kan Tide (high) a'jer pa'sang Tide (low) a'jer soe'roet 2 Transport (ship) ka'pal pengang'koet solda'doe Water (fresh) a'jer ta'war Water (sea) ... a'jer laoet, a'jer a'sin Waves oem'bak West .ba'rat Wind ang'in

USEFUL WORDS FOR THE AIR FORCES

Above . di a'tas Airplane ka'pal oeda'ra, pesa'wat terbang' Air raid penjerang'an oeda'ra Anti-aircraft gun raeriam penang'kis ka'pal oeda'ra Below di ba'wa Blacksmith .toe'kang besi' Bomber ka'pal oeda'ra melem'par bom, bom'foer Broken petjah', pa'tah Broken (severed) poe'toes Burn (to) .ba'kar City ko'ta, poe'ra 7 Clear terang Cloudy tedoeh', mendoeng' Coffee plantation .kebon' ko'pi Cold ding'in Come down toe'roen Crack-up (to explode) meletos', meletoep' Damage karoe'sakan, roe'sak Dark gtep' Dirigible (Zeppelin) ka'pal oeda'ra Zeppelin Divebomber .ka'pal oeda'ra seloeloep melem'par bom Dogfighting menga'doe East ti'moer, we'tan Electrician toe'kang lis'trik Electricity lis'trik

Engine , .mo'tor, pesa'wat Fall (to) ..dja'toh Far ...... _,... .djalioe 26 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Flat country padoe'soenan Fog ka'boet Forest - oe'tan

Front end - .kapa'la Fuselage ba'dan Gasoline - ben'sien

- ti'ada Glider . ka'pal terbang' mo'tor, ka'pal mela'jang Go up naik Hello, friend ! Tabeh', so'bat I jfide * boe'ni, semboe'ni High -ting'gi Japanese o'rang djepang' Jungle rim'boe Jump loem'pat, melon'tjat Landing field la'pangan penerbang'an Lightning gele'dek

Low . - rendah' Mechanic toe'kang bi'kin ma'sien Mountain goe'noeng, boe'kit Navigator djoe'roe a'rah Nearby deket' North oeta'ra, lor, ka'ler Oil .mi'njak Parachute pa'joeng penerdjoen' Paratrooper serda'doe tanta'ra pa'joeng Pilot pendjoe'roe, djoe'roe terbang' Propeller ki'tiran Pursuit plane ka'pal terbang' pengoe'siran Radio announcer pembitja'ra ra'dio Rain oe'djan

Repair (to) . membetoerken Rice field (irrigated) sa'wah Rice field (dry) la'dang Rubber plantation kebon' ka'ret

Searchlight , lam'poe melang'it Searchlight (cluster or battery) koem'poelan lam'poe melang'it Shelter ..... tam'pat semboe'ni, perlin'doengan Solder (to) mema'teri, mereka'ti South H'doel, sela'tan Storm (gale) ang'in ri^boet PHRASES and WORD LISTS 27

Sugar cane ,teboe' Sugar factory penggi'lingan teboe', pa'berik goe'Ia Summit poen'tjak Tail boen'toet Tea plantation kebon' teh Thunder .geloe'doeg Transport plane pesa'wat pengang'koet Turn (to) (to wind) poe'ter Village ,kam'pong, de'sa, doe'soen Warm .pa'nas Weather ha'wa

Sla'rnat i Welcome ! da'tang West koe'lon, ba'rat Wind ang'in Wind (from ocean) ...... ang'in la'oet Wind (toward ocean) ang'in da'rat Wing sa'jap

PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION

IN A HOTEL TROOPS LOST IN THE JUNGLE HUNTING SPECIFIC JUNGLE CONVERSATION FORAGING IN A NATIVE VILLAGE HIRING NATIVE LABOR ARREST NATIVE TRAITORS REHABILITATION OF OIL FIELDS

PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION IN A HOTEL (Di Roemah Makan)

Eng. : Have you a room for me ?

Mai. : A'da ka'mar?

L.T. : Have . . room

Eng. : Give me a room for two persons.

Mai. : Min'ta ka'mar boeat doe'wa o'rang.

L.T. : ask . . room . . for . . two . . people

Eng. : Is this room quiet ?

Mai. : A'pa i'ni ka'mar diam'?

L.T. : ? . . this . . room . . quiet

Eng. : Boy, bring baggage here. Mai.: Djong'os, ba'wa ba'rang disi'nl.

L.T. : Boy . . bring. . baggage . . here in Eng. : Here are the keys. Open the suitcases, and put my clothes the closet. di lema'ri. Mai. : I'm koen'tji. Boe'ka kop'per dan ta'ro pakean'

L.T. : This . . key Open . . suitcase . . and . . put . . clothes . . in . . closet

Eng. : Where is the dining room ?

Mai. : Dima'na ka'mar ma'kan?

L.T. : Where, .room, .eat

Eng. : In the front, sir. Mai.: Dimoe'ka toe'wan.

L.T. : In front.. sir Eng.: What time can I eat? MaL: Poe'koel bra'pa bo'leh ma'kan?

L.T. : strike . . how . . much . . can . . eat

Eng. : Breakfast from six to ten. MaL: Ma'kan pa'gi dari poe'koel a'nam sam'pe poe'koel sepoeloe.

...... , . . . , ten L/T. : Eat morning . . from . strike six until strike Eng.: Lunch from twelve to two. doe'wa. Mai. : Ma'kan siang dari poe'fcoe! doe'wablas sam'pe poe'koel

. L.T. : Eat . . noon . . from . . strike . . twelve , . until . . strike . two

Eng. : Dinner from seven to nine. Mai, : Ma'kan malem da'ri poe'koel toe'djoe sam'pe poe'koel

L.T. : Eat, .njgfat. .fam. -strike, .seven. .linttL .strike, .mine 32 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : Tea at five o'clock. li'ma. Mai. : Da'pet teh poe'koel

L.T. : Get . . tea . . strike . . five

Eng. : Where is the bathroom ? Mai: DIma'na ka'mar man'di?

L.T. : Where . . room . . bathe

Eng.: In the rear, sir.

Mai. : Dibla'kang, toe'wan.

L.T. : In the rear.. sir

Eng. : Call me at six o'clock tomorrow morning.

Mai. : Bang'oenin be'sok pa'gi poe'koel a'nam.

L.T. : Awaken . . tomorrow . . morning . . strike . . six

Eng. : Bring me tea, coffee, gin bitter, beer, whiskey soda, lemonade, ice-water.

Mai. : Ba'wah teh, kop'pi, pa'hit, bir, whisky split, a'jer djeroek', a'jer es.

L.T. : Bring . . tea, . . coffee, . . gin bitter, . . beer, . . whiskey soda . . water

lemon . . water ice

Eng.: Is there a barber? MaL: A'pa a'da toe'kang ram'boet? L.T.: What. .is.. hair, .cutter

Eng. : Yes, sir. There is one in the hotel, next to the office. MaL: Sa'ja toe'wan, a'da toe'kang ram'boet di roe'mah ma'kan di seblah' kan'tor

L.T. : Yes . . sir . , is . . specialist . . hair . . in . . house . . eat . . next . . office

Eng. : Yes, sir. There is one next door on the right hand side Mai. : Sa'ja toe'wan, a'da toe'kang ram'boet diloe'war, sa'toe roe'mah seblah' ka'nan.

L.T. : Yes . . sir . . is . . specialist . , hair . . outside . . one . . house . . side . . right

Eng. : Call the laundry man. Mai.: Pang'gil toe'kang mena'toe. (dho'bi, Sing.) L.T. : Call. .man. .laundry

Eng.: Here I have fifteen pieces (tr \vash). Mai.: A'da M'mablas po'tong. L.T.: Are., fifteen, .pieces PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 33

Eng. : Don't starch them too much.

Mai. : Pa'keh kan'dji sedie'kit sa'djah.

L.T. : Use. .starch, .a. .little, .only

Eng. : Bring them back in three days. Mai.: Ba'wa komba'li dida'Iem ti'ga ha'ri.

L.T. : Bring . . back . . inside . . three . . days

Eng.: How much do you charge per piece?

Mai. : Bra'pa har'ga sa'toe pe/tong?

L.T. : How. .much, .price, .one. .piece

Eng. : Ten cents, sir. Mai.: Sepoe'loe sen, toe'wan.

L.T. : Ten cent . . sir

Eng. : All right ! Mai.: Baik! L.T: Good

Eng. : Boy, please polish my shoes.

Mai. : Djong'os, tjo'ba, si'kat sepa'toe.

L.T. : Boy. .please, .brush, .shoes

Eng. : Make shoes white. Mai.: Elian poe'ti sepa'toe. L.T: Make, .white, .shoes

Eng. : Knock at the door. 7 MaL : Ketok pm'toe. L.T: Knock.. door

Eng.: Call a taxi. MaL: Pang'gfl ta'xi.

LT. : Call., taxi

Eng. : Call a carriage. MaL: Pang'gil kre'ta. L.T: Call, .carriage

Eng.: Call a dos a dos

MaL : Pang'gil sa'do. L.T.: Call.. dos a dos

Eng. : Tell him to go away. MaL: Soe'roe pigL L.T.: Order, .go 34 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

TROOPS LOST IN THE JUNGLE 2 (Solda'doe kasa'sar di oe'tan)

Soldier (Solda'doe) : Eng.: Hello, friend! Can you help us?

Mai. : Tabe' sol>at, a'pa bi'sa toeloeng?

L.T. : Hello . . friend . . ? . . can . . help

Eng. : We are very hungry.

Mai. : Ki'ta ba'njak la'par.

L.T. : We . . much . . hungry

Eng.: Do you have water to drink?

Mai. : A'da a'jer mi'noem?

L.T. : Have . . water . . drink

Eng. : I am very tired. MaL: Sa'ja tja'peh betoel'.

L.T. : I . . tired . . very

Eng,: My brother has sprained his ankle. Cannot walk.

MaL : Sa'ja poe'nja soeda'ra pa'tah toe'lang ka'ki, ti'da bi'sa dja'lan. L*T. : my. .brother, .broken, .bone. .foot, .not, .can. .walk

Eng. : He is one mile behind. MaL: Di'a sa'toe pal dibla'kang.

L.T. : He. .one. .mile, .back

Eng. : We left him near the river.

MaL : Diting'gal di ping'gir kali.

L.T. : Been . . left . . at . . side . . river PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 35

Native .(O'rang Selam) :

Eng. : Yes, sir, we will help.

Mai. : Sa'ja toe'an, ki'ta ma'oe toe'loeng.

L.T. : Yes . . sir . . we . . will . . help

Eng.: Did you fall from an airplane with a parachute? Mai. : A'pa melon'tjat da'ri ka'pal terbang pa'keh pa'jong pener- djoen'?

L.T. : ?. .jump down. .from. .ship. .fly. .use. .umbrella, .balloon

Eng. : How long ago ?

Mai. : Soe'da bra'pa la'ma?

L.T. : already , . how . . much . . long

Soldier (Solda'doe) :

Eng.: Yes, we have walked three days. Mai. : Ya, ki'ta soe'dah dja'lan ti'ga ha'ri.

L.T. : Yes . . we . . walk . . three . . days

Eng.: Day before yesterday we shot a dwarf deer.

Mai. : Kema'ren doe'loe ki'ta menem'bak kan'tjiL

L.T. : Yesterday . . before . . we . . shoot . , dwarf deer

Eng. : We roasted it, but now we cannot make fire because matches are wet.

MaL : Dlpang'gangi, ta'pi seka'rang ti'da bi'sa pa'sang a'pi, sebab' gerefan kenah' ba'sa.

L.T. : Roasted, . . but . . now . . not . . can . . make . . fire, . because . . matches, .touch, .wet

Eng. : Also, we did not dare to shoot for fear Japs would hear. MaL: Djoe'ga, ki'ta ti'da bra'nl temT>ak lag'gi. TaTcoet o'raug 7 Djepang deng'ar.

L.T. : Also. .we. .not. .dare, .shoot, .more, .afraid, .man. .

Japan . . hear

Eng. : Is there a village nearby ? MaL: A'da kam'pong Jang deket'?

L.T. : Is . village . . which . . nearby

Native Calls His Companions (Orang Selam Pang'gl! TeiBen'nla) :

Eng.: Leliwa, Datoe, Panglima (native names), come here, quick! MaL: Leliwa, Datoe, Panglima, ma'ri si'ni* lekas'l L.T.: --,---- come.. here, . 36 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : Here are three white people, army officers.

Mai. : A'da ti'ga o'rang blan'da, oep'sir.

L.T. : Are. .three, .men. .Dutch, .officers

Eng. : They are wounded, need help.

Mai. : Di'a da'pet loe'ka. Moes'ti ditoe'loeng.

L.T. : They . . got . . wound . . must . . help

Eng. : Leliwa, cut that liana so that this man can drink the water which it contains, bo'leh Mai. : Leliwa, po'tong i'toe rambat'an soepa'ya toe'wan mi'noern a'jernja. - L.T. : cut. .that, .liana, .so that . . Mr. . . , may

drink . . its water

Eng. : Datoe and Panglima, go to the river. Find brother who cannot walk.

Mai. : Datoe, Panglima, pi'gi di ka'li tja'ri toe'wan poe'nja soeda'ra yang ti'da bi'sa dja'lan. - - L.T. : .to. for. .his. , , go. .river, .look .Mr., .brother who. .not. .can. .walk

Eng. : Make a stretcher and carry him to the hut. Mai.: Bi'kin go'tongan; a'bis go'tong ka goe'boek.

L.T. : Make . . stretcher . . then . . carry . . to . . hut

Eng. : He cannot speak Malay.

Mai. : Di'a ti'da bi'sa bitja'ra (tja'kap) Mela'yoe.

L.T. : He . . not . . can . . talk . . (talk) . . Malay

Eng. : Sir, the village is far away.

Mai. : Toewan, kam'poeng dja'hoe.

L.T. : Mr. . , village . . far

Eng. : But we have a hut nearby* Mai: Ta'pi a'da goe'boek jang deket'.

L.T. : But . . have . . hut , . which . . nearby

Eng. : And there is a camp ten miles downstream. MaL: Dan a'da pon'dok sepoe'loe pal mi'lir.

L.T, : ...... And have camp ten . . miles . . downstream

Eng,: Follow me.

Mai. : Toe'roet sama sa'ja.

L.T. : Follow . .with . .me PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 37 HUNTING (Memboe'roe)

Eng. : Can I shoot an elk? Mai.: A'pa bo'leh menem'bak mendjang'an?

L.T. : ? . . can . , shoot . . elk

Eng. : No, sir, it is no good to shoot a rifle here. Mai.: Djang'an toewan, ti'da ba'ik memboe'njiken sna'pan (bedil') disi'ni.

L.T. : Don't . . Mr. . . not . . good . . shoot . . rifle . . (rifle) . . here

Eng. : J will shoot some pigeons with the blowpipe. Mai.: Sa'ja ma'oe menjoem'pit tekoe'koer (ka'tik).

L.T. : I. .will, .use blowpipe, .wood pigeon. . (green pigeons)

Eng.: Can I borrow that blowpipe? Mai.: A'pa bo'leh pien'djem soem'pitan itoe'?

L.T. : ? . . can . . borrow . . blowpipe . . that

Eng. : All right. It is not easy. Mai.: Baik. Ti'da gam'pang.

L.T. : Good . . not . . easy

Eng. : I can also get a fawn, but I must use poison arrow.

Mai. : Bo'leh djoe'ga da'pet ki'dang, ta'pi moe'sti pa'keh pa'nah ra'tjoen.

L.T. : Can . . also . . get . . deer . . but . . must . . use . . arrow . . poison

Eng. : Don't do that, friend ! MaL: Djang'an, sobat! L.T: Don't.. friend

Eng. : Blowpipes do not make noise. But I can shoot larger animals only when I use poison-arrow. Mai. : Soem'pitan ti'da berboe'nji. Tapi bo'leh pa'sang binatang 7 besar tjoe'ma kalau pa'keh pa'nah ra'tjoen.

L.T. : Blowpipe . . not . . sound . . but . . can . . shoot . . animal . . big. .only. .when. .use. .arrow, .poison

Eng.: I cannot shoot elephant with It.

Mai. : Ti'da bi'sa da'pet ga'djah sa'ma soem'pitan.

L.T. : Not . . can . . get . . elephant . . with . . blowpipe

Eng. : Skin too tough.

MaL : Koe'litnja terlaloe keras'.

L.T. : His . . skin . . too . . tough 38 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : Boar also skin tough.

Mai. : Ba'bi oe'tan djoe'ga koe'lit jang keras'.

L.T. : Boar . . wild . . also . . skin . . which . . tough

Eng. : And they run away too soon. Mai.: Dan di'a la'ri lekas'.

L.T. : And . . he . . run . . quickly

Eng.: Hunting boar is easier with dogs. Mai.: Ka'lau memboe'roe ba'bi oe'tan (tje'leng) lebih' baik pa'keh an'djing.

L.T. : If . . hunt . . boar . . forest . . (pig) . . more . . good . . use . . dogs

: will Eng. Dogs stop boar ; then you can shoot.

Mai. : An'djing nan'ti mena'han ba'bi, ha'bis bo'leh dipa'sang.

L.T. : Dog . . will . . hold . . boar, . . then . . may . . shoot

Eng.: If animal attacks, you must quickly climb tree.

Mai. : Ka'lau bina'tang melang'gar, lekas' naik poe'hoen.

L.T. : If. .animal, .attack, .quick, .go up. .tree

Eng. : It is said that elephants sometimes wait under tree to get hunter. 2 Mai.: O'rang ka'ta gadjah ka'dang toeng'goe diba'wa poe'hoen boeat da'pet pemboe'roe.

L.T. : Men . . say . . elephant . . sometimes . . wait . . under . . tree to. .get. .hunter

Eng. : Most animals drink water at sunset. Mai.: Terlebih' ba'njak bina'tang maoe mi'noem a'jer tempo'nja ma'soek ma'taha'ri.

L.T. : Most . . many . . animal . . will . . drink . . water . . at . . time inside, .sun

Eng.: Therefore, you can get them. near the river at 6 p.m. 2 MaL: Da'ri i'toe bo'leh da'pet dia'nja di ping'gir kali kira poe'koel a'nam.

L.T. : From . . that . . can . . get . . him . . at . . side . . river . . about . . strike

. .six

Eng.: Do not shoot animals for pleasure.

Mai. : Djan'gan menem'baki bina'tang sebab' bersoe'ka-soekaan.

L.T. : Do not. .shoot, .animal, .because, .like-like

Eng.: Kill only for protection or for food. MaL: Memboe'noeh sa'dja boeat' perlin'doengan ata'wa boeat' ma'kanan. L.T.: Kill. .only. .for. .protection, .or. .for. .food PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 39

Eng. : If you shoot birds or small animals, you must use shot, but for boar you must use bullets with soft or grooved head (dum dum). Mai.: Ka'lau menem'bak 2 boe'roeng ata'wa bina'tang ketjil' moe'sti pa'kai mi'mis, ta'pi ba'bi moesti di tem'bak pa'kai pe'lor jang bera'loer oedjoeng'nja.

: If ...... L.T. shoot birds or animal ...... small must use . . shot . . but . .pig. .must, .shoot, .use. .bullet, .which, .grooved, .head

: For Eng. elephant and rhinoceros hunting, you better bring explosive bullets.

Mai.: Oen'toek pemboe'roean ga'dja dan ba'dak lebih baik ba'wa peloe'roe jang meletoep.

: . . . . L.T. For . . and . . . . hunting elephants rhinoceros more . . good bring, .bullet, .which, .explode

Eng.: Animals which are hit by inefficient projectiles receive wounds only. 2 Mai. : di kena' o'leh Bina'tang jang peloe'roe jang koe'rang tjoe'koep da'pet loe'ka sa'dja.

: L.T. Animals . . which . . hit ...... by bullet which less sufficient . . get. .wound, .only

Eng. : They will die in a place where you cannot reach them. Mai.: Dia nan'ti ma'ti di tempat' jang ti'da bi'sa di deket'i.

L.T. : They, .after a awhile, .dead. .in. .place, .which, .not. .can. . reach

SPECIFIC JUNGLE CONVERSATION (Pertja'kapan oe'tan-oe'tanan)

Eng. : There are many animals in this forest elephants, tigers, elk, deer, panther, ant-bear, python, monkey, rhinoceros-bird, bear.

Mai. : A'da ba'njak bina'tang di oe'tan i'ni ga'dja, ma'tjan, mendjang'an, ki'dang, toe'toel, tanggi'ling, oe'ler sa'wa, mo'njet, boe'roeng-eng'gang, bi'roewang.

L.T. : Are . . many . . animals . . in . . forest . . this elephant . . tiger . . elk. .deer, .leopard, .ant-bear, .python, .monkey* .bird- rhinoceros, .bear

Eng. : Near the river there are many bloodsuckers. Mai.: A'da ba'njak pa'tjet deket' ping'gir kali.

L.T. : Are . . many . , bloodsuckers . . near . . edge . .river 40 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

of trees. Eng. : They live under leaves 2 da'ri Mai. : Di'a ting'gal diba'wa da'oen poe'hoen. .of. .trees L.T. : They. .live, .under, .leaves,

Eng. : They can jump. Mai.: Di'a bi'sa melom'pat.

L.T. : They . . can . . j ump

thin. Eng. : They are very Mai: Di'a ti'pis seka'li.

L.T. : They. .thin, .extremely

Eng. : They can go through socks and under clothes.

Mai. : Di'a bi'sa menjoe'soep dida'lem ka'os dan diba'wa pakean'.

L.T. : They . . can . . go through . . inside . . socks . . and . . under . . clothes

Eng. : They like white people better than natives. MaL: Di'a soe'ka o'rang blan'da lebih' banjak dari o'rang selam'.

L.T. : They . . like . . men . . white . . more much . . than . . men . . islam

Eng. : They usually suck blood from ankles.

Mai. : Biasa'nja di'a i'sep da'ra da'ri ma'ta ka'ki.

L.T. : Usually . . they . . suck . . blood . . from . . eye . . foot

Eng. : When finished, they leave an itching wound.

Mai. : Ka'lau ha'bis a'da loe'ka jang ga'tel betoel'.

L.T. : If . . finished . . is . . wound . . which . . itch . . badly

Eng. : If you put sap of bark of taboe tree on socks, they will not come.

Mai. : Ka'lau pa'keh getah' koelit'nja poe'hoen ta'boe di'a ti'da da'teng.

L.T. : If. .use. .juice, .bark. .tree, .taboe. .they. .not. .come

Eng. : Kerosene is also good.

Mai. : Mi'njak ta'nah joe'ga baik.

L.T. : Oil . . earth . . also . . good

Eng. : The kind that lives in water is called lintah. MaL: Ma'tjam jang ting'gal di a'jer nama'nja lin'tah. L.T.: Kind. .that, .lives, .in. .water, .named, .lintah

Eng. : Natives walking in jungle should wear sandals. MaL: O'rang selam' dja'lan di rim'boe moes'ti pa'keh teroem'pah (ka'soet). L.T.: Men. .islam. .walk. .in. .jungle, .must. . use .. sandals PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 41

Eng. : Because there are many thorns. Mai. Sebab' ba'njak doe'ri.

. L.T. Because . . many . thorns .

Eng. In Java there are no elephants. Mai. Di' ta'nah Dja'wa ti'da a'da ga'dja. L.T. In. .land. .Java. .not. .are. .elephants

Eng. But there are rhinoceros and wild bull in Java. Mai. Teta'pi di Ta'nah Dja'wa a'da ba'dak dan ban'teng.

L.T...... But in land Java are rhinoceros and . wild bull

Eng. Those animals do not live on the other islands. 2 Mai. Bina'tang i'toe ti'da a'da di poe'lau lain. L.T. Animals, .those, .not. .are. .on. .islands, .other

Eng. In New Guinea we have cassowaries. Mai. Di Tanah Pa'poea a'da boe'roeng on'ta.

L.T. In . . land . . Papoea . . are . . bird . . cassowaries

Eng. Natives of Sumatra and Borneo gather rattan and rubber in the forests. Mai. O'rang Soema'tra dan o'rang Broenai am'bil ro'tan dan ka'ret da'ri oe'tan.

L.T. Men . . Sumatra . . and . . men . . Borneo . . fetch . . rattan . . and . .

rubber . . from . . forests

Eng. Also bamboo and timber to build houses. Mai. Djoe'ga bam'boe dan ka'joe boe'at bi'kin roe'mah. LT. Also, .bamboo, .and. .wood. .for. .make, .house.

Eng. From rattan thorns must be removed first. _Mal. Doe'rinja ro'tan moes'ti di ang'kat doe'loe. LT. Thorns, .rattan, .must. .be. .removed, .first

Eng. Forest workers must have sharp knives. Mai. O'rang kerdja' di oe'tan moes'ti ba'wa go'lok jang ta'djem. L.T. Men. .work. .in. .forest, .must, .bring, .knife, .which* .sharp

Eng. It is said if you hear a peacock, there is a tiger nearby. Mai. O'rang ka'ta ka'lau den'gar boe'roeng merak' a'da ma'tjan jang deket'. LT. Men. .say. .if. .hear. .bird, .peacock, .is. .tiger, .which, .near Eng. Must be careful for snakes. Mai. Moe'sti dja'ga oe'ler. L.T Must, .watch, .snake 42 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. Sometimes snakes very big. Mai. Tem'po2 oe'lar besar' seka'H. L.T. Sometimes, .snake, .big. .very

Eng. They strangle their prey. Mai. Di'a meli'lit mangsa'nja. L.T. They, .strangle, .prey, .their

Eng. If (you) must sleep in wilderness, always one man must stand guard. Mai. Ka'lau moes'ti ti'doer di oe'tan selama'nja sa'toe o'rang moes'ti dja'ga.

. . . in'...... L.T. If . . must . sleep forest always one man must watch

Eng. : Also keep a fire burning.

Mai.: Djoe'ga meneroes'kan mengoe'pak a'pi.

L.T. : Also.. go on .. feed .. fire

Eng.: Otherwise tiger may come, eat (you) up.

Mai. : Ka'lau ti'da, brangka'li di ma'kan ma'tjan, (harimau).

L.T. : If.. not. .perhaps, .be. .eaten, .tiger

Eng. : If you stalk animal, do not smoke. Mai.: Ka'loe memboe'roe bina'tang djang'an mi'noem ro'ko. L.T.: If.. hunt, .animal, .do not. .drink, .smoke

Eng. : If (you) do not smoke, there are many mosquitoes and gnats.

Mai. : Ka'loe ti'da mi'noem ro'ko ba'njak nja'moek dan remetoek',

: If ...... L.T. not drink smoke many mosquitoes . and . . gnats

Eng. : They will sting your face and hands.

Mai. : Di'a nan'ti mengan'toep moe'ka dan tang'an.

L.T. : They. .will, .sting, .face. .and. .hands

Eng.: In Sumatra elephants are big; in Borneo elephants are small. Mai.: Di Poelau 7 Pertja' (Soema'tra) gadja'nja besar , di Poe'lau Broe'nai gadja'nja ketjil'.

L.T. : In. .Sumatra, .elephants, .big. .in. .island. .Borneo. .

elephants . . small PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 43

FORAGING IN A NATIVE VILLAGE (Berbelan'dja di Kam'pong)

Sergeant (Sersan') :

Eng. Where is the chief? Mai. Dima'na kapa'la kam'pong? L.T. Where, .head, .village

Eng. Please bring me to him. Mai. Tjo'ba menghan'terkan pa'da di'a. L.T. Please, .guide, .to. .him

Eng. Will the chief sell me some food for the troops? Mai. A'pa kapa'la kam'pong ma'oe djoe'wal ma'kanan boe'at solda'doe?

L.T. ?. .head, .village, .want. .sell. .food. .for. .soldiers

Eng. I need rice, meat, vegetables, corn, and eggs. Mai. Sa'ja ma'oe beli' bras, da'ging, la'lapan, dja'gong, dan telor';

I ...... L.T. will buy rice meat .. vegetables corn and . . eggs

Chief (Kapa'la Kam'pong [loe'rah] ) (Head. .Village)

Eng. I will call my brother, Hadji Abdoelkarim. Mai. Sa'ja pang'gil ka'kang, Ha'dji Ab'doelka'rim.

L.T. I. .call, .brother. . --..--

Eng. He sells rice. Mai. Di'a berda'gang bras.

L.T. He . . deals . . in . . rice

Sergeant (Sersan') :

Eng. : Hello, Hadji. Do you have rice (to sell) ? Mai: Tabe' toe'wan Ha'dji. A'da bras?

L.T. : Hello . . Mr. . . Pilgrim . . have . . rice

Eng.: I want to buy ten picol (1250 pounds). Mai.: Sa'ja ma'oe beli' sapoe'loe pi'koel.

L.T. : I . . will . . buy . . ten . . picol

Eng.: How much one picol?

Mai. : Bra'pa har'ga sa'toe pi'koel? L.T: How much, .price, .one. .picol 44 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : You must deliver it in our camp, ten miles away to the east.

Mai. : Toe'wan ha'dji memba'wa ma'soek di pertan'teraan, sapoe'loe pal ka we'tan.

L.T. : Mr. . . Pilgrim . . bring . . inside . . army . . camp . . ten . . miles . .

to . . east

Hadji (Toe'wan Ha'dji) (Mr.. .Pilgrim) :

Eng. : I have no polished rice. MaL: Ti'da a'da bras poe'ti.

L.T. : Not . . have . . rice . . white

Eng. : But I have red rice a little.

Mai. : Ta'pi a'da bras me'rah sedie'kit.

L.T. : But. .have. .rice. .red. .a little

Eng. : And I will have six women stamp one picol rice every day.

Mai. : Dan sa'ja soe'roeh a'nam pram'poean sa'ban ha'ri toem'boek sa'toe pi'koel ga'ba.

L.T. : And . . I . . order . . six . . woman . , every . . day . . stamp . , one . . picol. .rice (in the hull)

: Price rice ten Eng. red guilders a picol ; unhulled rice, seven guilders a picol, plus one guilder for the hulling.

Mai. : Harga bras me'rah sapoe'loe roepi'a sa'toe pi'koel ; ga'ba toe'djoe roepi'a sa'toe pi'koel, tam'bah sa'toe roepi'a boe'at toem'boek.

L.T. : Price . . rice . . red . . ten . . guilders . . one . . picol . . unhulled rice

. .seven, .guilders, .one. .picol. .add. .one. .guilder, .for ..stamping

Sergeant (Sersan') :

Eng. : All right, I will buy it all.

Mai. : Baik, sa'ja ma'oe beli' samoa'. L.T.: Good.. I.. will.. buy.. all

Eng. : I will pay in gold. MaL: Sa'ja ma'oe ba'jar deng'an oewang' mas.

: I ...... L.T. will pay . with . money . . gold

Eng.: I will settle cost of transportation with you. Mai. : Sa'ja ba'jar ong'kos pi'koelan sa'ma toe'wan ha'dji djoe'ga. L.T.: I. .pay. .expenses, .carrying, .to. .Mr.. .Pilgrim, .too Eng.: Have it brought over tomorrow morning. MaL: Memba'waken be'sok pa'gi. L.T. : Bring, .tomorrow, .morning PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 45

: Can also Eng. you bring one cow, three goats, fifty chickens ? Mai.: A7 toe'wan pa ha'dji bi'sa ba'wa djoe'ga sa'toe sa'pi, ti'ga kam'bing, li'ma-poe'loe a'jam?

L.T. : ? . . Mr...... can . . . . Pilgrim bring also one . . cow . . three . .

goats . . fifty . . chicken

Chief (Kapa'la Kam'pong) (Head. .Village) :

Eng.: I will sell cow, goats, chickens, and ducks.

Mai. : Sa'ja ma'oe djoe'wal sa'pi, kam'bing, a'jam, dan be'bek.

: I . . will . . sell ...... L.T. cow goats chickens and . ducks

: cow f 30. f 12. f Eng. Price, ; goat ; chicken 0.30 ; duck f 0.50.

Mai. : Har'ga sa'pi ti'ga-poe'loe roepi'a, kam'bing doe'wablas roepi'a, a'jam ti'ga-poe'loe sen, be'bek li'ma-poe'loe sen.

L.T. : Price, .cow. .thirty, .guilders, .goats, .twelve, .guilders. .

chicken, .thirty, .cent, .ducks, .fifty, .cent

: f .05 f .06 f 1. bunch. Eng. Eggs ; cocoanuts ; bananas per 7 Mai. : Telor li'ma sen ; kela'pa a'nam sen ; pi'sang sa'toe roepi'a sa'toe tan'dan.

L.T. : Eggs . . five . . cent . . cocoanuts . . six . . cent . . bananas . . one . . guilder, .one. .bunch

Eng. : I do not have many, but will bring a little every day.

Mai. : Ti'da a'da ba'njak, ta'pi sa'ja ma'oe ba'wa sedie'kit sa'ban ha'ri.

Sergeant (Sersan'):

Eng. : All right ! Mai.: Baik! L.T.: Good

Eng. : Thank you very much.

Mai. : Tri'ma ka'si ba'njak.

L.T. : Accept, .give, .much

Eng. : Goodbye, friends. 2 Mai.: TaT>e, so'bat .

L.T. : Goodbye, .friends

Chief (Kapa'la Kam'pong) (Head. .Village) :

Eng. : You are welcome. Mai.: Tri'ma ka'si komba'li.

L.T. : Accept . . give . . back 46 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : Goodbye, Mister. Mai.: Tabe', toewan'. L.T.: Goodbye.. Mr.

Eng. : We will come in the morning.

Mai. : Ki'ta da'teng be'sok pa'gi

L.T. : We . . come . . tomorrow . . morning

Eng. : If you can pay partly in gold and partly in silver money we will be very happy.

Mai. : Ka'lau toe'wan maoe ba'jar sapa'ro wang mas sapa'ro wang pe'rak ki'ta soe'ka seka'li.

L.T.: If. .Mr., .wants, .pay. .a. .part, .money, .gold. .a. .part. . money, .silver, .we. .like, .much

Eng. : We do not like paper money. Mai..: Ki'ta ti'da soe'ka wang kertas'.

L.T. : We . . not . . like . . money . . paper HIRING NATIVE LABOR 2 (Ma'soekken kredjaan o'rang koeli )

Eng. Hello, friend. I am looking for laborers. 2 Mai. Tabe' so'bat, sa'ja mentjeha'ri o'rang Jang ma'oe ma'soek pakerdjaan.

. . . . I ...... L.T. Hello friend look for men who will enter . .job

Eng. Can you help me call about two hundred men? Mai. Bi'sa toe'loeng pang'gil doe'wa ra'toes o'rang?

L.T. Can . . help . . call . . two . . hundred . . men

Eng. I can use one hundred men for digging; fifty men for carrying materials; sixty men for building camps. / Mai. Sa'ja ma'oe da'pet sara'toes o'rang boe'at mengga li; li'ma- 2 poe'loe o'rang boe'at memi'koel ba'rang ; a'nam-poe'loe o'rang 2 boe'at bi'kin pon'dok . L.T.: I. .want. .get. .one. .hundred, .men. .for. .digging;, .fifty. .

...... men for materials ...... for . . . . carry ; sixty men making camps

Eng. : Can I get a foreman who can speak English ? Mai.: A'pa bo'leh da'pet mandoer' jang bi'sa bitja'ra ing'gris?

: L.T. ? . . can ...... get foreman who can . speak . . English

Eng. : Can I get them tomorrow ?

Mai. : Bo'leh da'pet be'sok?

L.T. : Can . . get . . tomorrow PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 47

Eng. : Can I get them in three days ? Mai.: Bo'leh da'pet dida'lem ti'ga ha'ri?

. L.T. : Can . get . . within . . three . . days

Eng.: Next week? Mai.: Ming'goe di depan' i'ni?

L.T. : Week. .in. .front, .this

Eng. : Next month ? Mai.: Boe'lan di depan' i'ni?

L.T. : Month, .in. .front, .this

Eng. : I give heavy wages one guilder a day, and rice and dried fish.

Mai. : Sa'ja ka'si ga'dji besar' sa'toe roepi'a sa'toe ha'ri, dan bras sa'ma i'kan kring.

L.T. : I.. give, .wages, .big. . one. .guilder, .one. .day. .and. .rice. with. .fish, .dry

Eng. : The work is nearby, only three miles to the west.

Mai. : Pakerdja'an deket, tjoe'ma ti'ga pal ka koe'lon.

L.T. : Work, .nearby, .only, .three, .miles, .towards, .west

Eng. : Work from seven to twelve, and from one to five.

Mai. : Kerdja' da'ri poe'koel toe'djoe sam'peh poe'koel doe'wa-blas, dan da'ri poe'koel sa'toe sam'peh poe'koel li'ma.

L.T. : Work . . from . . strike . . seven . . until . . strike . . twelve . .

and . . from . . strike . . one . . until . . strike . . five

: tools hoe shovel Eng. Men must bring own ; ; spade ; pick ;

hatchet; axe; knife (small) ; knife (big). 2 Mai. : O'rang moes'ti ba'wa peka'kasnja sendi'ri pa'tjoel; tjang'kol; 7 !! pengga ; alabang'ka ; kam'pak ; pi'so ; go'lok.

L.T. : Men. .must, .bring, .tools, .own hoe;, .hoe;, .spade;, .pick;. .

. . . . knife. ax ; knife ; big

Eng. : If (you) don't have it, (you) can borrow from us. Mai.: Ka'Iau ti'da, a'da, bo'leh pin'djem ki'ta poe'nja.

L.T. : If . . not . . have . . may . . borrow . . ours

Eng. : Don't be afraid.

Mai. : Djang'an ta'koet. L.T.: Do.. not., afraid

Eng. : There are no enemies.

Mai. : Ti'da a'da moesoeh'nja (o'rang djaliat).

L.T, : Not . . is , . the enemy . . men . . mean 48 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : Do you want some advance money? lebih' ? Mai : A'pa ma'oe perskot' sedi'kit (ba'jaran doe'loe)

...... first L.T. : ? . want advance a little pay more

Eng. : I can use only strong men.

Mai. : Sa'ja ma'oe pa'keh o'rang jang koewat' sa'dja.

L.T. : I. .want. .use. .men. .who. .strong, .only Eng: Do not send weak or half-sick men. Mai: Djang'an ki'rim o'rang jang meles' ata'wa seteng'ah sa'kit.

L.T. : Do . . not . . send . . men . . who . . weak . . or . . half . . sick

Eng. : I hope you find one foreman who can speak English, and I want two foremen who can write, Mai.: Sa'ja ha'rep so'bat da'pet sa'toe man'doer jang bi'sa bitja'ra (tja'kep) ing'gris, dan sa'ja min'ta doe'wa man'doer jang bi'sa toe'lis.

L.T. : I . . hope . . friend . . get . . one . . foreman . . who . . can . . talk . . talk

. . English . . and . . I . . want . . two . . foreman . . who . . can . . write

Eng.: Can the men all understand Malay? 2 Mai.: A'pa samo'a boe'djang mengar'ti baha'sa mela'joe?

L.T. : Do. .all. .boys, .understand, .language. .Malay ARREST NATIVE TRAITORS (Tang'kep o'rang dja'hat) (arrest, .men. .mean)

Chief (Kapa'la Kam'pong) (head, .village) :

Eng, : Sir, there are some native enemies in the jungle near the river.

Mai. : Toe'wan a'da o'rang dja'hat di rim'boe deket' ping'gir kali.

L.T. : Mr. . . are . . men . . mean . . in . .jungle . . near . . side . . river

Eng.: They betrayed us, and they help the enemy.

Mai. : Mere'ka sernoe'ken ki'ta dan mere'ka toe'loeng moe'soeh,

L.T. : They . . betrayed . . us . . and . . they . . help . . enemy

Eng.: If you bring some soldiers, I will show you where those scoundrels are.

Mai. : Ka'lau ba'wa solda'doe, sa'ja ma'oe oen'djoek dima'na tempat'nja bang'sat i'toe.

L.T. : If. .soldiers. .1. .will. .bring, .show, .where, .their, .place. .

scoundrels . . those

Eng. : If we go now, we can get there early in the morning. Mai. : Ka'lau ki'ta brang'kat seka'rang ki'ta da'teng disi'toe pa'gi- pa'gi-

L.T. : If. .we. . .depart, .now. .we. .come. there ;. early . .morning PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 49

Captain (Kapitan) (Captain) :

Eng. : All right, friend. Mai.: Baik-lah, so'bat. L.T.: AIL. right.. friend

Eng.: I will call ten -soldiers, two corporals and one sergeant Mai : Sa'ja ma'oe pang'gil sepoe'loe solda'doe, doe'wa ko'peral dan sa'toe sersan',

. L.T. : I . will . . call . . ten ...... soldiers two corporals . . and . . one . . sergeant

Eng. : I will call my Ambonese and Javanese troops for this work. Mai. : Sa'ja pang'gil solda'doe o'rang am'bon dan o'rang dja'wa boeat bi'kin i'ni.

. L.T. : I . . call . soldiers ...... Ambonese and Javanese . to . do . , this

Eng. : If Chief can give me some sarongs and turbans, the enemy cannot recognize us.

Mai. : Ka'lau so'bat kas'si kain pan'djang dan i'kat kapa'la, i'toe bang'sat ti'da kenal'.

L.T. : If . . friend . . give . . sarongs . . and . . turbans . . those . . scoundrels, .not. .recognize

Eng, : And we can hide weapons under sarong. 2 Mai.: Dan sendja'ta bo'leh di boe'niken diba'wa kain pan'djang L.T. : And. .weapons, .may. .be. .hidden, .under, .sarong

Chief (Kapa'la Kam'pong) (head .. village) :

Eng. I will bring two friends who know the way. Mai. Sa'ja ba'wa doe'wa ka'wan Jang ta'hoe djalan'nja.

L.T. I . . bring . . two . . followers . . which . . know . . the way

Eng. There is a little young forest but mostly it is dense forest. 2 Mai. A'da sedie'kit beloe'kar ta'pi lebih' ba'njak oe'tan berdem'- pet (sesek).

L.T. There is . . a little . . young forest . . but . . more . . forest . . dense. .dense

: has one Eng. He cannot use torches ; captain perhaps flashlight.

Mai. : Ti'da bo'leh pa'keh oT^or; Toe'wan Kapitan' brangkali a'da sa'toe o'bor le'strik.

. L.T. : Not . . may . . use . . torch . . Mr. . . Capitan . . perhaps . . has . one ..torch, .electric 50 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : Men must not talk or cough or make noise. 2 Mai. : Solda'doe djang'an o'mong (tjakap) ata'wa ba'toek ata'wa bi'kin ri'boet.

L.T. : Soldiers . . must . . not . . talk . . (talk) . . or . . cough . . or . . make . . noise

Captain (Kapitan) (Captain) :

Eng. : Please tell your friends that I will pay them well after we get those rascals.

Mai. : Tjoba ka'si talioe pa'da so'bat poenja ka'wan nan'ti di ka'si persen' besar' ha'bis ki'ta tang'kep bang'sat i'toe.

. L.T. : Please . . give . . know . . to . . followers . . will . . be . . given . present, .big. .after, .we. .arrest, .scoundrels, .those

Eng. : After hiking a very long time in dense jungle and after cross- ing three very dangerous ravines they arrive at an open space which is close to the branch of a river. 2 Mai. : A'bis dja'lan la'ma betoel' dida'lem oe'tan Jang sesek' dan a'bis menjebrang' ti'ga djoe'rang jang beha'ja a'mat mereTca da'teng di ta'nah la'pang jang deket ba'tang soe'ngai.

L.T. : After . . hike . . long time . . very . . in . . forest . . which . . dense . .

and. .after, .crossing, .three, .ravines, .which, .dangerous. . very. .they, .arrive, .at. .land. .open, .which, .near, .branch river.

Eng. : There are signs of cooking and, hidden in the undergrowth they can vaguely see a small hut which has walls on three sides only. 2 MaL: Ada bekas'nja o'rang ma'sak dan, tersemboe'ni dida'lem rim'boe, ada goe'boek ketjil' jang pa'kai bi'lik ti'ga moe'ka sa'dja.

L.T. : Are . . signs . . men . . cook . . and . . hidden . . in . . undergrowth . .

is ...... hut small which uses walls . . three . faces . only

Eng.: Also, against a big tree there is a lean-to made of banana leaves. There are men sleeping under the hut and in the lean-to. 2 Mai. : Djoe'ga a'da em'per terbi'kin deng'an da'oen pi'sang kena' poelioen besar'. Ada o'rang jang ti'doer di ko'long goeboek'nja dan di em'per.

: . L.T, Also . is . . lean-to ...... made of leaves banana against . . tree,. big. .Is. .man. .which, .sleep, .in. .basement, .of. .

hut . . and . . in . . lean-to PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 51

is scoundrel's Eng. : The guide signifies that this the place. Mai: Penghan'ter oen'djoek jang ini tempat'nja o'rang dja'hat .mean L.T. : Guide, .signifies, .that. .this, .the place, .men.

to surround the Eng. : The Captain quietly orders the soldiers place quickly. 2 solda'doe 2 boewat Mai. : Toewan Kapitan diam ka'si pren'tah pa'da 2 lekas' mengepoeng' (koeli'ling) tempat' i'toe

.to. .soldiers. . L.T. : Mr.. .Captain, .quietly, .gives, .command,

...... that to . . quickly . . surround (surround) place

to from their hut. Eng. : Then the sleepy bandits are ordered emerge MaL: A'bis bang'sat mengan'toek di soe'roeh lan'tas kaloe'war da'ri goeboeknja.

...... L.T. : Then . . scoundrels . . sleepy . . are ordered rightaway outside, .from, .their hut

Eng. : Hey, wake up ! Mai.: He, bang'oen lah!

L.T. : Wake up Eng.: Get out, stick up hands! Mai.: Kaloe'war, ang'kat tang'an! L.T: Come out. .raise, .hands

Eng.: Higher! MaL: Lebih' ting'gi!

L.T. : More, .high

Eng. : Don't pick up that weapon ! MaL: Djang'an pe'gang sendja'ta!

L.T. : Do not. .hold, .weapon

Eng. : Drop that knife ! MaL: Kas'si dja'toh pi'so i'toe!

L.T. : Give . . fall . . knife . . that

knife ! Eng. : Drop that chopping MaL: Dja'tohken i'toe golok!

L.T. : Let fall. .that, .forest knife

Eng. : Drop that gun ! i'toe MaL : Dja'tohken sena'pan (bediT). L.T: Let fall. .that, .rifle, .(pistol)

Eng.: Drop that bowie knife! MaL: Dja'toh keris'! L.T.: Fall.. dagger 52 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : Do not run !

Mai. : Djang'an la'ri !

L.T. : Do not., run

Eng. : Who runs away will be shot.

Mai : Sia'pa jang la'ri nan'ti di tem'bak.

L.T. : Who. .which, .run. .will. .be. .shot

Eng. : Tie their hands on their backs.

Mai. : Fkat tang'annja dibla'kang.

L.T. : Tie., their hands, .behind

Eng. : Let them go in the open.

Mai. : Soe'roe dia pi'gi di ta'nah la'pang.

L.T. : Order . . them . . go . . in . . land , . open

Eng. : I want to question them. Mai.: Sa'ya ma'oe menan'jai.

L.T. : I . .want . . question

Eng. : How many men altogether ?

Mai. : Bra'pa o'rang samaseka'li?

L.T. : How many . . men . . altogether

Prisoner (O'rang tertang'kep) (man . . arrested) :

Eng. : I do not know.

Mai. : Ti'da talioe.

L.T. : Not., know

Captain (Kapitan) (Captain) : Eng.: How many men are here? Mai.: Bra'pa o'rang a'da disi'ni?

L.T. : How many. .men. .are. .here

Other Prisoner (O'rang tertang'kep lain) (man. .arrested, .other) : Eng. Five Malays. Mai. Li'ma o'rang mela'joe. L.T. Five. .men. .Malay

Eng. Six Japanese soldiers, MaL A'nam solda'doe djepang'. L.T. Six. .soldiers. .Japanese

Captain (Kapitan) (Captain) : Eng.: Are there any more here which we did not get? Mai. : A'da la'gi disi'ni jang ki'ta belom' da'pet? L.T,: Are. .more. .here, .which, .we. .not yet. .get PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 53

Eng. : No answer. Mai.: Ti'da menja'woet.

L.T. : Not . . answer

Captain (Kapitan) (Captain) : Eng.: Look out! Mai.: Lihat'! Awas!

L.T. : Look, .caution

Eng. : That one there sneaks out Mai.: Jang sa'toe disi'toe menjelim'pat.

LT. : That . . one . . there . . sneaking

Eng. : Shoot that man that runs away, quick ! MaL: Pa'sang i'toe o'rang jang la'ri, lekas!

L.T. : Shoot . . that . . man . . which . . runs . . quick

Eng.: Do not kill him. MaL: Djang'an bi'kin ma'ti.

L.T. : Do not .. make .. dead

Eng. : Wound his legs only. MaL: Loe'ka ka'kinja sa'dja.

LT. : Wound, .his. .legs, .only

Eng, : Untie the Japanese. 7 MaL: Boe'ka ta'linja o'rang djepang .

L.T. : Open . . rope . . man . . Japanese.

Eng. : They are Japanese soldiers. MaL: Dia solda'doe djepang'.

L.T, : They, .soldiers. .Japanese

Eng. : Therefore, we will treat them as prisoners of war.

MaL : Da'ri sebab' i'toe ki'ta ma'oe memegang ka'ja o'rang tang'- kepan di peprang'an.

L.T. : Therefore . . we . . will , . treat . . as . . men . . prisoners . . of . . war

Eng. : Tell them clearly, if they run away, they get a bullet.

MaL : Ka'si ta'hoe jang trang kalau la'ri, mere'ka dapet pelor.

L.T. : Give. .know. .that, .clear, .if. .they. .run. .they. .get. .bullet

Eng. : The other must be tied together, so that they can not escape. ti'da bi'sa MaL : Jang lain moes'ti di i'kat bersa'ma-sa'ma, soepa'ja / ming gat,

.not. . L.T. : That, .other, .must. .be. .tie. .together, .so that.

can . . escape 54 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : They are criminals.

Mai. : Dia o'rang berdo'sa.

L.T. : They . .men. .criminal also Eng. : They have betrayed their own brothers and the Dutch government.

Mai. : Dia menjemoe'ken soedara'nja dan djoe'ga kan'djeng goepernemen' blan'da.

L.T. : They . . betray . . their brothers . . and . . also . . honorable

government . . Dutch

Eng. : They will be tried and sentenced tomorrow and probably shortly be hanged. Mai.: Dia nan'ti mengha'dep hoe'koem be'sok en bo'leh dja'di be'lom la'ma di gantoeng.

L.T. : They. .will, .tried, .sentenced, .tomorrow, .probably. . shortly, .be. .hanged

Eng. : Make them all walk to our base.

Mai. : Soe'roe dja'lan ka ben'teng samoa'.

L.T. : Order, .walk. .to. .base, .all

Eng.: Do not mistreat them.

Mai. : Djang'an di menja'kiti.

L.T. : Do not. .mistreat

Eng. : Martial law will take care of them.

Mai. : Hoe'koem prang nan'ti mengha'bisken sama dia.

L.T. : Law . . war . . will . . finish . . with . . them

Whispering To Chief (Berbi'sik ka Kapa'la Kam'pong)

(whisper . . to . . head village) :

Eng. : While walking, try to find out whether there are more traitors or Japanese guerillas, and where they are.

Mai. : Sala'gi dja'lan tjo'ba da'pet ketrang'an a'pa a'da la'gi o'rang dja'hat ata'wa geril'la Djepang', dan dima'na ada'nja.

L.T. : While, .walk. .try. .obtain, .information, .what. .are. .more

. . enemies . . or . . guerilla . . Japanese . , and . . where . . they are

Eng. : Also, who helps them, which village gives them food. r Mai. : Djoe'ga, sia'pa jang ban toe, kam'pong jang ma'na ka'si ma'kanan.

L.T. : Also. .who. .that, .helps, .village, .which, .give, .food

Eng.: And from which village the five Malays come. Mai. : Dan da'ri kam'pong a'pa i'toe li'ma o'rang mela'joe da'teng. L.T. : And. .from, .village, .what, .those, .five. .Malays, .come PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 55

REHABILITATION OF OIL FIELDS (Bi'kin Betoel' Kadoe'doekan Mi'njak Ta'nah) (Make. .good, .establishment, .oil. .earth)

Eng. : Before arriving in the region which has been assigned to you, you have studied pre-war maps and reports of the oil-producing land.

Mai. : Sabelom'nja da'teng di negeri' dima'na di soe'roeh kredja', 2 2 toewan soe'da prik'sa gam'bar dan lapoer' (pembrian ta'hoe) da'ri ta'nah ini Jang ada ma'ta mi'njak-ta'nah.

L.T. : Not yet . . came . . to . . land . . where . . ordered . . work . . Mr. . .

already, .inspect, .maps. .and. .reports, .communication, .of. . land. .this, .which, .has. .eyes. .oil. .earth

Eng. : You have previously visited this country on a short trip, and you are more or less acquainted with conditions.

Mai. : Toewan soe'da ta'hoe sedi'kit negeri' ini sebab' tem'po doeloe soe'dah di mendja'lani.

L.T. : Mr. .already, .know. .a. .little, .land. .this, .because, .time. .

past . . already . . visited

Eng. : As most of the pre-war buildings have been destroyed, you have made your headquarters in the hotel of the nearest town. 2 2 Mai. : Lebih' ba'njaknja roe'mah , paberiek dan katoe'kangan soe'da di roe'sakken pa'da o'rang jang berperang'. Da'ri sebab' itoe toewan bi'kin kan'tor besar' di roe'mah ma'kan dida'lem kota jang deket'.

L.T. : Most . . houses . . plants . . and . . workshop . . already . . damaged .

by. .men. .which, .at war. From, .because, .that. .Mr.. .

make . . office . . big . . in . . hotel . . in . . city . . that . . nearby

Eng. : You have found a good boy servant who speaks a few words of English (or Dutch). His name is Toha.

Mai. : Toewan soe'da da'pet sa'toe boe'djang jang pin'ter sefcaTi, nama'nja Toha. Dia bi'sa o'mong (tja'kap) Ing'gris (ata'wa Blan'da).

...... L.T. : Mr. . . already . . find . . one . boy . . which . . smart very named

Toha. He . . can . . talk . . talk . . English . . (or . . Dutch)

Eng. : He is of great help to you because you do not speakj enough Malay to carry on a conversation fluently. Mai.: Ini gam'pang seka'li sebab' toewan belom' ta'hoe perka'taan 2 mela'joe tjoe'koep boeat o'mong deng'an sigera'.

. . L.T. : This . . easy . . very . . because . . Mr. . . not yet . . know . . language

Malay . . enough . . to . . speak . . with . . speed 56 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : Toha has called in some natives who are accustomed to working in the oil fields. 2 Mai. : Toha soe'da pang'gil o'rang selam' jang soe'da bia'sa pakerdja'- an mi'njak ta'nah.

L.T. : Toha. .already, .call. .men. .native, .who. .already, .used. . work. .oil. .earth

Eng. : One of them formerly was foreman with a big oil company. Mai.: Jang sa'toenja bekas' man'dor sa'ma kong'si jang besar'.

L.T. : One . . of them . . former . . foreman . . with . . company . . which . . large

Foreman (Mandor) (Foreman) : Eng. With your permission, sir. Mai. Tabe' toewan.

L.T. Greetings . . Mr. Eng. Toha has called me. Mai. Toha pang'gil sa'ma sa'ja.

L.T. Toha . . call . . with . . me

Eng. He said that you are looking for people to start re-building the oil works which are in this, neighborhood. Mai. Di'a bi'lang toewan tja'ri o'rang boeat moela'i' bi'kin betoel' kadoe'doekan mi'njak jang deket' disi'ni.

L.T. He. .say. .Mr., .look for. .man. .to. .begin, .make. .good. . establishment, .oil. .which, .near, .here

Eng. : I have been foreman with the Royal Corporation. Mai.: Sa'ja soe'da bia'sa dja'di man'dor pa'da kong'si Persekoe'- toean Tjara Radja.

L.T. : I. .already, .used, .become, .foreman, .with, .company. .

corporation . . Royal

Eng. : Four years ago I moved to the mountains because I did not want to work for the enemy.

Mai. : Am'pat ta'hoen jang soe'da sa'ja pin'da ka oe'dik sebab' sa'ja ti'da soe'ka kredja' sa'ma la'wan (moe'soeh).

L.T. : Four . . years . . that . . already . . I . . moved . . to . . mountains . .

. . I ...... because not like work . with . . enemy . . (enemy)

Major: (Toewan Majoor) (Mr.. .Major) :

Eng. : That is fine ! We will need a good many people like you. Mai.: Baik! Ki'ta maoe pa'kai ba'njak so'bat poe'nja temen'.

L/T. : ...... Good We will . use . many . . friends . kind PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 57

Eng. : What is your name? Mai.: A'pa na'ma? L.T.: What.. name

Foreman (Mandor) (Foreman) :

Eng. : My name is Ismail.

Mai. : Sa'ja poe'nja na'ma Ismail.

L.T. : My. .name. .Ismail Eng.: Here is my certificate from P. T. R. Will you read it? Mai. : Ini ada soe'rat lepas' da'ri P. T. R. Apa toewan maoe prik'sa? L.T.: This., is., letter., discharge., from.. P. T. R.. .What. .Mr.. .

want . . examine

Major: (Toewan Majoor) (Mr.. .Major) :

Eng. : This letter certainly testifies that you are a good worker. How much wages do you ask? 2 Mai. : Ini soe'rat betoel' bi'lang jang Ismail bi'sa kredja' baik seka'li. Bra'pa ga'dji Ismail maoe da'pet?

L.T : This, .letter, .certainly, .says. .that. .Ismail, .can. .work. .

. .good. .very. .How. .much, .wages. .Ismail, .wants, .get

Foreman (Mandor) (Foreman) :

Eng. : I got f 100 per month at the P. T. R.

Mai. : Sa'ja da'pet sara'toes roepi'a sa'ma P. T. R. L.T: I., get., one hundred, .guilders, .with. .P. T. R.

Major: (Toewan Majoor) (Mr.. .Major) :

Eng. : All right ! You will start with that amount.

Mai. : Baik! Ismail dapet begi'toe ba'njak boeat moelai'nja.

L.T. : Good. .Ismail, .gets. .so. .much. .for. .beginning

Eng. : After three months maybe you can get a raise.

Mai. : Ti'ga boe'lan la'gi brangkali bi'sa da'pet tam'bah.

L.T : Three, .months, .more, .perhaps, .can. .get. .increase

Foreman (Mandor) (Foreman) :

Eng. : Perhaps I can get a little advance money.

Mai. : Barangka'li toewan maoe ka'si perskot' sedi'kit. L.T: Perhaps. .Mr., .want. .give, .advance, .a little

Major: (Toewan Majoor) (Mr.. .Major) : Eng.: Not now, Ismail.

Mai. : Dja'ngan min'ta perskot' seka'rang, Ismail.

L.T : Do not. .ask. .advance, .now. .Ismail 58 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : I want to see first how your work is.

Mai. : Toewan niaoe lihat doe'loe a'pa kerdja' baik.

L.T. : Mr. . . will . . see . . first . . whether . . work . . good

if Eng. : Maybe at the end of the month, I am satisfied.

Mai. : Barangka'li ha'bis boe'lan, kalau sa'ja soe'ka kredjah'an.

...... if . . I . . . . L.T. : Perhaps end month like work

Eng. : Can you come tomorrow morning and bring about twenty men and one foreman? 2 Mai. : A'pa bi'sa da'teng be'sok pa'gi dan ba'wa kira doe'wa-poe'loe koe'li sa'ma sa'toe man'dor?

L.T. : What . . can . . come . . tomorrow . . morning . . and . . bring . . about, .twenty, .men. .with. .one. .foreman

Eng. : They can go with us to the fields and we will put them to work right away to clean up some of the buildings which are still standing up. Mai.: Dia bo'leh toe'roet sa'ma ki'ta dan nan'ti ki'ta soe'roe dia ang'kat ko'toran dan ba'rang petjah' da'ri roe'mah ma'si berdi'ri.

L.T. : They. .can. .accompany, .with. .us. .and. .after awhile. .

. .we. .order, .them, .take away, .rubbish, .and. .goods. . broken, .from, .building, .which, .still, .stand

Eng. : Maybe we can soon use some of them for offices or ware- houses.

Mai.: Bo'leh dja'di ki'ta lekas' bi'sa a'toer itoe roe'ma boewat kan'tor ata'wa boewat goe'dang.

L.T. : May. .be. .we. .quickly, .can. .arrange, .that, .house, .for. . office, .or. .for. .warehouse

Foreman (Mandor) (Foreman) :

Eng. : Yes, sir. I will be here tomorrow morning at seven o'clock with as many men as I can get. Mai.: Sa'ja toewan. Sa'ja maoe da'teng be'sok pa'gi poe'koel toe'- djoe. Sa'ja nan'ti ba'wa bebra'pa koe'li Jang sa'ja bisa da'pet. L.T. : Yes. .sir. .1. .will. .come, .tomorrow, .morning, .strike. .

seven . . I . . then . . bring . . as many . . workmen . . which . . I . . can., get PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 59

Eng. : I think we can find some workers near the oilfields too. Goodbye, sir.

Mai. : Sa'ja kira kita djoe'ga bo'leh da'pet la'gi poe'la koe'li dekeY tempat' mi'njak. Tabe' toewan'.

L.T. : I . . think . . we . . also . . may . . get . . more . . over . . men . . near . .

place. . . .oil. .Goodbye, .sir

The Next Day (Ha'ri di depan') (day. .in. .front) :

Eng. : At a point about two miles from the first oil settlement the road is blocked by demolition. The automobiles cannot get through. 2 Mai. : Ki'ra doe'wa pal da'ri kam'pong mi'njak ta'nah dja'lan ra'ja karoe'sakan a'mat. Mobil ti'da bi'sa liwa'ti.

L.T. : About, .two. .miles, .from, .compound, .oil. .earth, .road. .

main . . damaged . . very . . Auto . . not . . can . . pass

Major to Samioen, the foreman who came with the coolies: 2 (Toewan Major ka Samioen, mandor Jang da'teng sa'ma koe'lie ) (Mr.. .Major, .to. .Samioen. .foreman, .who. .came. .with, .coolies)

Eng. : Samioen, please tell your men to fix this road in such a way that the cars can pass. MaL: Samioen, tjo'ba soe'roe kowe' poe'nja o'rang bi'kin betoel' dja'lan ini, soepa'ja mo'bil bi'sa li'wat.

L.T. : Samioen. .try. .order, .your. .men. .make. .good. .road. .

this . . so that . . auto . . can . . pass

Eng. : If the fallen trees are taken away and the bomb craters are filled, perhaps the road can be made passable in half a day. 2 2 isi MaL: Ka'lau mengang'kat poehoen , dan lo'bang bom, barangka'E dida'lem stengah ha'ri djalan soe'da sam'pai baik boewat meli'watken oto.

L.T. : If., take away, .trees, .and. .fill, .holes, .bomb. .

perhaps . . within . . half . . day . . road . . already . . enough . . good. .for. .let pass, .auto

Eng. : In the meantime, Ismail and I will walk to the oil establish- ment. r Mai. : Samanta'ra i toe Ismail sa'ma sa'ja dja'lan ka'ki ka kadoe'- doekan mi'njak.

L.T. : In meantime, .that. .Ismail, .and. .1. . . .walk. .foot. .to. . fields, .oil 60 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Samioen:

Eng. : Sir, we have no saws to cut those big logs, but all my men have their big chopping knives. Mai.: Toewan, ti'da a'da grega'dji boeat po'tong ba'tang besar', ta'pi samoa' koe'li ba'wa go'lok.

9 L.T. : Mr., .not. .have. .saw. .for. .cut. .trunk, .big. .but. .all. . men. .bring, .big knife

I Eng. : As soon as they have cut off the branches, will have them get some sticks or heavy bamboo to be used as levers. 2 7 : nan'ti soe'roe Mai. Abis dia po'tong tja'bang , sa'ja tebang ba'tang ketjil ata'wa bam'boe betoeng' boewat dom'krak.

L.T. : Finish, .they. .cut. .branches. . I. .will, .order, .chop down., stem, .small, .or. .bamboe. .giant, .for. .lever

Eng. : Please, sir, tell the driver of the truck to loan us his heavy jack if we need it. I think even the biggest tree can be thrown aside.

Mai. : Tjo'ba toewan pren'ta soepir' mo'tor pengang'kat ba'rang dia ka'si pin'djem penjoe'kil besar' ka'lau kita perloe' maoe pa'kai. Sa'ja kira begi'toe djoe'ga poe'hoen pa'ling besar' bi'sa di singkir'ken

L.T. : Please. .Mr., .order, .driver, .truck, .he. .give, .borrow. . jack. .big. .if. .we. .necessary, .want. .use. .1. .think, .in that way. .also. .tree. .most. .big. .can. .be. .put. .aside

Major: (Toewan Majoor) (Mr.. .Major) :

Eng. : All right, Samioen. I see that you know all the tricks to make a passable road for us.

Mai. : Baik Samioen. Sa'ja lihat Jang kowe' ta'hoe a'kalnja boewat da'pet dja'lan jang boleh di pa'kai.

L.T.: Good. .Samioen. .1. .see. .that. .you. .know, .tricks, .for. . get. .road, .which, .may. .be. .used

Eng. : When the road is opened up, ask the driver to bring you people to the oil plant. Mai. : Ka'lau dja'lan soe'da terboe'ka, min'ta soepir menghan'terken 2 o'rang ka pa'berik.

L.T. : If . .road, .already, .opened up. .ask. .driver, .bring. . men. .to. .plant

Major To Drivers (Toewan Majoor kapada soepir) : (Mr.. .Major, .to. .driver)

Eng. : Driver, if these men want to use .the jack to throw trees 'off the road, you can give it to them. PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 61

Mai.: Soepir', ka'lau o'rang ini maoe pa'kai pengoeng'kil oto boeat 2 menjing'kirken poe'hoen bo'leh di ka'si sa'ma dia.

L.T. : Driver, .if. .man. .this. .want. .use. .jack. .auto. .for..

throw aside . . trees . . may . . give . . to . . him

: If Eng. you help them a little with it, they will certainly be able to level the road quicker. And as soon as you can drive over it, please bring all the workmen to the plant. I will stay there till five o'clock. If at that time you have not come, I will walk back here because I do not want to walk in the jungle after sunset.

Mai. : Ka' lau soepir' toe'loeng sedi'kit tentoe' dja'lan di ra'taken 7 lebih' tjepat'. Dan selekas'nja bi sa brang'kat tjo'ba an'ter 2 samoe' koe'li ka pa'berik. Sa'ja ting'gal disi'toe sam'pai poeTcoel li'ma. Ka'lau tenx'po i'toe soepir' belom' da'teng, sa'ja dja'lan ka'ki komba'li disi'ni sebab' sa'ja ti'da maoe dja'lan di hoe'tan satelah' mataha'ri soe'da ma'soek.

L.T. : If. .driver, .help, .a little, .surely, .road. .will. .be. .

smoothed . . more . . quickly. And . . as soon as . . can . .

take off . . please . . drive . . all . . coolies . . to . . plant. I . .

stay . . there . . until . . strike . . five. If . . time . . that . .

driver, .not. .yet. .come. .1. .walk. .foot. .back. .here. . because. .1. .not. .want walk. .in. .jungle, .after, .sun already, .inside

Eng. : A few hours later, the Major and Ismail have made a prelimi- nary inspection of the nearest establishment. They found a small office-building with furniture fairly intact. Some natives apparently had taken charge of it and cleaned it up.

Mai. : Abis sedi'kit jam toewan majoor dan Ismail soeda prik'sa Jang diloe'war sa'dja pera'toeran mi'njak jang deket'. MereTza f da'pet sa'toe gedong' ketjil' boeat lo'dji. Peka'kasnja samoa nja'si ada. Roepa'nja ada o'rang selam' jang ra'djin soe'da bergoe'na di'rinja bikin bersi tempaf itoe.

L.T. : Finish . . a few . . hours . . Mr. . . Major . . and . . Ismail . . already . .

examine* .which, .outside, .only, .outfit, .oil. .which. .

nearby. They. .find. . . .one. .house, .small, .for. .office. . furnishings, .all. .still, .are. .apparently, .are. .natives. .

. . who . . busy . . already . . make , . useful . . themselves . . make clean.. place, .that 62 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : Ismail recognizes in one of them a former colleague. The Major takes him into service right away, and gives him a tip for having taken care of the building.

Mai. : Ismail kenal Jang sa'toe soe'da bertemen' kredja' tem'po doe'loe. Toewan Majoor lan'tas ma'soekken itoe o'rang dida'lem pakerdja'an dan di ka'si persen' boewat dja'ga roe'mah itoe.

L.T. : Ismail, .recognize, .that. .one. .already, .together, .work. .

time . . past. Mr. . . Major . . rightaway . . takes in . . that . .

men. .inside, .job. .and. .gives, .present, .for. .take care. . building, .that

Eng. : Early the next morning, the Major with his boy and the fore- men are meeting in the office of the plant. 2 Mai. : Pagi ha'ri di depan', toewan majoor sama djongos'nja dan 2 sama sega'la man'dor berkoem'poel dida'lem kantor'nja per- sekoe'toean.

L.T. : Early, .day. .in. .front. .Mr.. .Major, .with, .his boy. .and. .

with., all the. .foreman, .meet, .inside, .office of . .the corporation

Eng. : The Major is giving out orders for the work that has to be done at once.

Mai. : Toewan Majoor ka'si pren'tah boewat pakerdja'han jang moesti di la'koeken deng'an sigera.

L.T. : Mr.. .Major, .gives, .order, .for. .work. .that. .must. ,be. . done. .with, .speed

Eng. : Fifty workmen have been sent out to further repair the roads. And now new talks take place with the newly hired native supervisors. 2 Mai. : Li'ma-poe'loe boe'djang soe'da di ki'rim ka dja'lan jang moesti di betoel'ken. Seka'rang ada berbitja'ra ba'roe sa'ma man'dor2 jang ba'roe.

L.T. : Fifty . . men . . already . . be . . sent . . to . . roads . . which . . must . .

be . . repaired. Now . . are . . talks . . new . . with . . foremen . . who. .new

Eng. : Let us hear him talk ! MaL: Kita boleh dengar! L.T. : We . . may . . hear *****

Major: (Toewan Majoor) (Mr.. .Major) : Eng. : The first thing which has to be done is to get enough labor to clean up the damaged roads and buildings, and bring in the materials to rebuild the worthwhile places or to erect some temporary houses. PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 63

koe'li 2 2 Mai. : Perta'manja kita moesti da'pet tjoe'koep dan toe'kang 2 2 boewat member'siken dja'lan deng'an roe'mah jang karoe'- 2 sakan, djoe'ga moesti memba'wa ba'rang ba'kal bikin 2 betoel' roe'mah roe'sak dan boewat' berdi'riken tempat samanta'ra.

...... and L.T. : Firstly we . must get enough laborers special-

. . . ists .... to .. clean up . . roads . . and . . buildings . which

. . damaged . . also . . must . . bring . . materials . . for . . make good, .building, .damaged, .and. .for. .erecting, .places. . temporary and one Eng. : Ismail, today you go to the mountain regions, foreman must go to the villages downstream. sa'toe man'dor di Mai. : Ismail, ini ha'ri kowe' rnoedik, dan pi'gi 2 kam'pong Jang di i'lir. .and. .one. . L.T. : Ismail, .this. .day. .you. .go to mountains, foreman, .go. .to. .villages, .which, .downstream we will Eng, : Tell all the villagers that, beginning tomorrow, employ hundreds of men and a few women. Whoever owns a hoe, an ax, a big knife, or any other tool, should bring it because along. We also have to get sawyers and adzers timbers. pretty soon we will use large quantities of heavy If there is a contractor who wants to contract the lumber better. work and the felling of trees, that would be so much We pay well. There is real money in it! moelai' be'sok Mai. : Ka'si ta'hoe sa'ma sega'la o'rang kam'pong 2 kita maoe pa'kai bera'toesan o'rang la'ki dan sedi'kit o'rang pram'poean. Sia'pa jang ada poe'nja pa'tjol, karn'pak, moesti go'lok, ata'wa peka'kas lain moesti di ba'wa. Djoe'ga sebab' da'pet toe'kang grega'dji dan toe'kang merim'bas 2 nan'ti terpa'kai ba'njak ba'lok . Ka'lau ada pembo'rong jang maoe membo'rong pakerdjalian ka^'oe, dan menebang' besar'. poehoen, itoe lebih baik la'gi. Ba'jaran Ba'njak oen'toeng!

...... start . . tomorrow L.T. : Give . . know . . to . . all men village we. .want. .use. .hundreds, .men. .and. .a few. .women. Who. .that, .owns hoe,, .hatchet,, .knife,, .or. .tools. .

- . . . . . skilled . . other . . must . . bring. Also must get used. . sawyers, .and. .skilled, .adzers. .because, .later, .be .wants. . many, .timbers. If . .is. .contractor, .who. contract, .work. .wood. .and. .felling, .trees, .that. .more. .

. good . . more. Pay . . big. Much . profit 64 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Eng. : Toha, tonight when we come home to the hotel you must go to Chinatown to look for a merchant who can run our store. I understand that there are also all kinds of skilled Chinese workers who want to work here.

Mai : Toha, nan'ti so're, ka'lau poe'lang di roemah makan, kowe' moesti pi'gi di kam'poeng tji'na tja'ri sauda'gar jang bisa pe'gang kita poe'nja wa'roeng. Saja da'pet ta'hoe djoe'ga 2 ada sega'la roe'pa toe'kang o'rang tji'na jang maoe kredja' pa'da kita disi'ni.

L.T. : Toha. .later, .evening, .when. .home. .in. .hotel, .you. .

must. .go. .in. .Chinatown, .look for. .merchant, .who. .

...... can . . take charge . . our . . store. I . . got . know also are .

various, .skilled workers. .Chinese, .who. .want. .work. . with. .us. .here

Eng. : Ask them to come to the hotel.

Mai. : Min'ta da'teng di hotel.

L.T. : Ask . . come . . hotel

Eng. : After fixing the main road, those same men have to dig ditches for the pipe lines.

Mai. : Abis membetoerken dja'lan besar' boe'djang itoe moesti ga'li ba'njak selok'an boewat peleting' pi'pa dja'lanan minjak.

L.T. : After. . repair . . road . . big. . men . . those . . must . . dig. .

many . . ditches . . for . . pipe line . . path . . oil

Eng.: Perhaps we have to dig some new trenches because many pipes have been blown up in war action.

Mai. : Barangka'li moesti di bi'kin pa'rit ba'roe sebab' ba'njak saloer'an soe'da di meletoep'ken o/leh karena' perang'.

L.T. : Perhaps, .must. .make, .excavations, .new. .because. .

many . . pipes . . have . . been . . blown up . . by . . acts . . war

Eng. : The pump stations which have been damaged probably must be replaced by new ones.

Mai. : Stasion' pom'pa jang roe'sak moesti digan/ti ba'roe sama seka'li.

L.T. : Station, .pump, .which, .defective, .must, .change, .new. . altogether

Eng. : When the parts which are underground have been exposed to view, I can figure out how many pipes and other equip- ment must be ordered. PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 65

Mai.: Ka'lau soe'da di boe'ka ba'gian jang diba'wa ta'nah sa'ja 2 bo'leh i'toeng bra'pa pipa seloer'an dan peka'kas lain moesti di pesen'.

L.T. : If ...... already opened parts which . . under . . ground . I. .can. .figure, .how. .many, .pipes, .and. .equipment. . other, .must. .be. .ordered

Eng. : In about thirty days I have to get five hundred men more to transport and help install new equipment.

2 Mai. : Kira boe'lan depan' sa'ja moesti da'pet li'ma ra'toes o'rang la'gi boewat bawa ma'soek peka'kas ba'roe.

L.T. : About . . month . . next . . I . . must . . get . . five . . hundred . . men. .more. .to. .bring, .in. .equipment, .new

Eng. : Also, in a little while we will want to start the drilling of testholes for new wells.

Mai. : Djoe'ga di da'lem sedi'kit tem'po la'gi kita maoe moelai' 7 peran'tjangan ta nah boeat biTdn soe'mber minjak jang ba'roe,

L.T. : Also . . within . . a little . . time . . more . . we . . will . . begin . . . drilling, .ground, .to. .make, .wells, .oil. .which, .new

Eng. : The Company will send us engineers, drillers and other technicians, but I hope the drills, pipes and other equipment will arrive first.

Mai. : Kom'peni nan'ti ki'rim insenoer', djoe'roe mengga'li soem'- 2 ber minjak, toewan lain, ta'pi sa'ja harep goer'di, besi' penggi'rik, pipa boeat mengga'li soember dan sega'la pra'bot lain da'teng lebih' doeloe.

L.T. : Company, .will. .send, .engineers, .master, .digging. .

well . . oil . . gents . . other, . . but . , I . . hope . . drills . . iron , .

drilling. . . .pipes, .for. .drilling, .wells, .and. .all. .tools. .

other. . come . . more . . first

Eng. : I was glad to see yesterday that we have plenty of water here.

f disi'ni Mai. : Deng an soe'ka ha'ti sa'ja lihat kema'ren ajer ada tjoe'koep sekali.

...... is . . LT. : With . pleasure I . saw . yesterday water here

plentiful . . very 66 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

lot of Eng. : When we start drilling", we will use a water to make mud for drilling operations.

Mai. : Kalau moe'lai mendja'ra moesti ada ba'njak ajer boewat bi'kin loem'poer jang di pa'kai da'lem lo'bang mendja'raan.

.to. . L.T. : If. .begin, .drilling, .must. .have. .much, .water, make. .mud. .that. .is. .used. .in. .hole, .drilling

Eng. : As soon as the engineers have decided where we are going to drill, I want one hundred men to level or grade the ground for bore tower site.

Mai. : Serta' toewan insenoer' soe'da tentoe'ken tempat' mengeboer' soe'mber ba'roe, sa'ja min'ta sara'toes o'rang a'ken rnera'- 2 taken pe'taknja boewat ba'ngoen (mena'ra) penggoer'dian.

L.T. : As soon as. .Mr.. .Engineer, .already, .fix. .place, .to

drill . . well . . new . . I . . ask . . one hundred . . men . . to . .

grade, .lot. .for. .erection. . (tower) . .bore tower

Eng. : If at that time our equipment has not arrived, we may buy a number of buffaloes to haul the graders, scrapers and levelers. MaL: Ka'lau pesa'wat belom' da'teng pa'da ma'sa itoe, ki'ta bo'leh beli' kaba'njakan e'kor kerbau a'ken mena'rik peka'- kas menjoe'roeng ta'nah.

L.T. : If. .machinery, .not yet. .arrive, .by. .time. .that. .we. .

"may. .buy. .a good many. .tail, .buffalo, .to. .haul. . equipment, .scrape and push, .dirt

Eng.: We can also use them to dig large holes or reservoirs for oil containers, and to build earthen dikes or walls. MaL: Ini djoe'ga ada perlpe' hendak mengga'li loT^ang besar' 2 boewat tem'pat mi'njak dan bendoeng'an .

L.T. : This. .also. .is. .needed to. .dig. .hole. .big. .for. . containers, .oil. .and. .dikes

Eng.: Do the foremen perhaps know somebody who wants to sell his buffalo? MaL: Apa man'dor kenal' o'rang jang maoe djoe'wal kerbaunja?

L.T. : . . f Do orem en . . know . . man . . who . . wants . . sell . . buffalo

Eng. : Or perhaps he wants to rent it out. MaL: Brangkali dia maoe ka'si se'wa sa'dja.

L,T. : . Perhaps . he . . will . . give . . rent . . only PRACTICES IN CONVERSATION 67

Eng. : And now you men may leave. 2 Mai. : Seka'rang man'dor bo'leh pergi'.

L.T. : Now. .foremen, .can. .go

Eng. : I hope that tomorrow a really large number of men will show up.

Mai. : Sa'ja harep be'sok ba'njak betoel' boe'djang da'teng.

L.T. : I . . hope . . tomorrow . . many . . very . . workers . . come.

Eng. : Don't forget that there Is a roll call every morning at six o'clock in front of this office.

Mai. : Dja'ngan loe'pa sa'ban ha'ri moesti an'trai poe'koel a'nam, dimoe'ka kan'tor ini.

L.T. : Do not . . forget . . every . . day . . must . . roll call , . strike , . six. .in front of. .office, .this

MALAY GRAMMAR

PREFIXES SUFFIXES DOUBLING COMPOUNDING & CO-ORDINATION VERBS NOUNS ADJECTIVES PRONOUNS ADVERBS PREPOSITIONS CONJUNCTIONS INTERJECTIONS IDIOMATIC WORDS

GRAMMAR

Conjugation and declension, as found in other languages, do not exist in Malay. The same word appears as a noun, an adjective, a verb, or an adverb according to its position and use in the sentence. There is no inflection to distinguish number, gender, or case. In informal conversation the Malays employ extensively the simple root words, but in formal speech and in written Malay this vagueness is overcome by the use of derivative words. Derivation is effected by prefixes, suffixes, and reduplication and compounding of root words. Altogether there are about a hundred possible derivative forms, in the idiomatic use of which the educated Malays exhibit much skill. PREFIXES

1. Me-, mem-, men-, meng- are used to express the active form of a verb. In general, a word with these prefixes denotes an action in which the thing represented by the root word is employed, or at least has a part in it. For instance, mengoen'tji from koen'tji (key) means "to 7 put a key in the lock/ either to open it or to close it. Mema'hat from pa'hat (chisel) means "to chisel"; membediT from bediT (rifle), "to shoot with a rifle/' "to hunt"; menggerga'dji angln from gerga'dji (saw) and ang'in (wind), literally "to saw the wind/', means "to tack" or "to beat against the wind"; meran'ting from ran'ting (leaflless twig, lanky), "to shed," "to look or to become lanky," also "to prune," "to trim"; menga'nan from ka'nan (right), "to go in the right-hand direction"; menda'rat from da'rat (shore, land), "to land/* "to steer the course for the coast," "to travel by land route." NOTE: The initial letter of the root word determines which of the prefixes is to be used, In order to retain an idiomatic fluency, the first letter of the root word is changed before adding the prefix, as follows: t into n p into m s into nj k into ng

2. Pa-, pe-, pern-, pen-, per-, are used to form nouns which usually identify other substantives. They "also form the denominators of frac- tions : pemboe'roe from boe'roe (chase, pursue), "the one who chases**; ti'ga peram'pat from ti'ga (three) and am'pat (four), "three-fourths.** These prefixed substantives are also used with the suffix an, and

then indicate :

(a) the person who handles, or has charge of, the thing which is named by the root word : pasoe'ratan from soerat (letter), "letter carrier"; pasoe'roehan from soeroeh (order), "messenger"; 72 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

(b) the place, the cause, the time, the means, of some action: perlin'doengan pe'lor a'pi from lin'doeng (sheltered, protected, hidden) and pe'lor a'pi (bomb), "air raid shelter";

(c) the place where the thing which is expressed by the root word is to be found: pergelang'an from gelang' (bracelet, ankle ring, necklace), "the part of the body where a bracelet, etc., is worn."

3. Ka- is used:

(a) to form ordinals and collective cardinals, such as kati'ga from ti'ga (three), "the third";

(b) to form adverbs which indicate direction or place : kama'na from ma'na (where), "whither";

(c) in conjunction with the suffix an

(1) to form nouns which signify the action implied in the root word: kapertja'jaan from pertja'ja (believe, trust), "faith,"

and also "the one who is being trusted" ; () to form nouns which signify the place where somebody

or something lives, or regularly meets : kaboepa'tian from boepa'ti (regent), "the residence of the regent";

(3) to form passive verbs or passive participles which show that the subject is being acted upon by what the root word

indicates : ba'kar burnt/' kaba'karan from (burn) , "being

4. Ter is used for the formation of past participles and other words, denoting a completed action or condition : terbakar from bakar "burnt'' terbikin bikin di (burn), ; from (make) Amerika Serikat, "made in the U. S. A."; tersepit from sepit (pliers), "pinched."

5. Ber is used for the formation of verbs and adjectives which mean

(a) that the subject does, or his profession is to do, the thing

which is expressed by the root word : berti'kam from ti'kam (stab), "to stab";

(b) that the subject has, or obtains, that which the root word says: berbi'ni from bi'ni (wife), "to get married";

(c) that the subject does something which has its basis in the root word: bermalem from ma'lem (night), "stay overnight, or stay awake all night."

Ber is also used to make collective cardinals : bera'toes-ra'toes or bera'toesan from ra'toes (hundred), "hundreds." GRAMMAR 73

6. Di. Although di is often written as a separate word, it is most often used as a prefix.

(a) to make a transitive verb purely passive : digan'toeng, "to 7 be hanged/ If the subject is mentioned, it is usually preceded by the word o'leh or pa'da: dita'rik oleh koe'da i'tam, "being drawn

by a black horse" ;

(b) to form adverbs which indicate a place or location : dia'tas,

"above," "upstairs," ; dida'rat, "on land." NOTE: Di is sometimes a preposition. It then means "in", "at", "on".

7. Sa is used to form numerals and fractions. It is really an abbreviation of sa'toe or soewa'toe which means "one" : sari'boe, "one thousand"; saperam'pat, "one-fourth." Sa is also used in the meaning of "entire," "altogether," "similar," "identical": saperti', "for instance," "the same as"; sadja'lan-dja'lan, "along the entire road." Some adverbs are formed by doubling the root word, with sa as a prefix, and nja as a suffix: sabetoel'-betoernja, "as certain as pos- sible," "indeed." SUFFIXES

1. I, in, ken and kan are used to form verbs from nouns or from other verbs. In East Java, i is more generally used; in West Java, in; while in all other sections, ken or kan is preferred. In most cases, any one of these suffices can be used correctly because they all form active verbs which imply (a) if the root word is the name of some object, that the subject uses that object for the action: mengoe'roengken from koe'roeng (cage), "to place in a cage";

(b) if the root word indicates a movement, that the subject compels some person or thing to take part in that movement: djalanin from dja'lan (walk), "make him or it walk";

(c) an action for, in behalf of, etc., of some person or thing which is then named: mengoe'pahken (si-a'noe) from oe'pah

(reward), "to give a reward to John Doe (so-and-so) ;

(d) that the subject causes the object to become, to do, etc.,

that which the root word says: mendja'tohken from dja'toh (fall), "to drop," mendoe'doekken from doe'doek (sit), "to seat, to settle"; meloe'kai from loeka (wound), "to injure, to wound."

A transitive verb with the causative sufHx ken or1 kan often em- phasizes a command, a request, or a suggestion : memba'waken a'nak from ba'wa (bring) and a'nafe (baby), "bring the baby." 74 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

This suffix can also be used in conjunction with the prefix per to the word a more formal touch give without altering- the meaning. Thus: membitja'raken and memperbitja'raken from bitja'ra (discus- sion, consideration) have exactly the same meaning, "to discuss, to take counsel," but the latter word is more cultured.

2* Nja is used

(a) to form a possessive pronoun of the third person: an'djingnja from or their ?J an'djing (dog), "his, her, dog ;

(b) to take the place sometimes of the definite article: an'djingnja, "the dog";

(c) to form a subjective passive of the third person. The root word must be preceded by di : di mengindjak'nja from mengindjak (to kick), "being kicked by him (her, it, them)." Often the root word is followed by oleh and then the suffix nja is added to oleh: di in'djak olehnja, "being kicked by him (her, it, them).

3. An is used to form nouns with the of (a) meaning an infinitive used as noun : i'koetan from i'koet (to follow, to copy), "following, example"; with a collective (b) meaning (usually the root word is dupli-

: oe'tan-oe'tanan cated) from oe'tan (forest), "wooded country"; ma'nisan from ma'nis ba'risan (sweet), "candy" ; from ba'ris (row), "troops, soldiers/'

4. Lah is used after a verb, instead of the imperative mood, to add an or emphatic inviting meaning: Ba'ngoenlah! "Wake up!"; Dja'nganlah! "Don't!"; Doe'doeklah! "Take a seat." DOUBLING Doubling of the root word is a common practice in the Malay language. There are many occasions when this is done, most fre- when the quently plural has to be emphasized or the multeity of an 2 action has to be : stressed tam'bah solda'doe from tam'bah (add) and solda'doe 2 (soldier), "reinforcement of infantry''; dja'lan oen'toek from mengoe'rangken berat'nja dja'lan (walk), oen'toek (to), koe'rang (less), berat' (heavy), "walk to reduce weight/' It will be noted from the above mentioned examples that, instead of printing it twice, a 2 is added to figure the word which must be reduplicated. This is a customary simplification in Malay print It has been followed through- out this entire book. GRAMMAR 75

COMPOUNDING AND CO-ORDINATION Compounding and co-ordination of words in Malay may give the beginner some concern because of the great difference in meaning from the order of the compounded words, whether the principal word precedes or follows its modifier: for instance, ha'ti ketjil' from ha'ti (heart) and ketjil' (small) means "timid, discouraged," but ketjil' ha'ti means "easily provoked, narrow-minded." There are no exact rules for the coordination of words, but in most cases it is safe to place the word that is intended to receive most of the attention first: a'nak-ajam (child, chicken), "baby chick"; ma'tahari (eye,day), "sun"; ma'tagelap (eye, dark), "amuck/' "out of one's mind"; barangka'li (some, time), "perhaps"; o'rangoe'tan (man, forest), "ape."

Co-ordination is also used to designate most of the trees, fruits, flowers, birds, fish, mountains, countries, etc. : poe'hoen kelapa (tree, cocoanut), "cocoanut palm"; boe'wah mang'ga (fruit, mango), "mango"; boe'roeng kakatoe'a (bird, cockatoo), "parrot"; poe'lau Djawa (island, Java), "Java"; Negeri' Bland'da (country, Holland), "Netherlands"; o'rang Ing'geris (man, English), "Englishman," also "Englishwoman." VERBS Verbs have no inflections of mood, tense, number, or person, but there are numerous occasions when a prefix, suffix, or both, should be added. In ordinary conversation, however, these may be omitted. If a newcomer wisely avoids long sentences and employs the valu- able aid of extensive voice inflection, the natives understand readily. It is the custom of Malays to leave out unnecessary words, especially in informal conversation.

The verbs doe'doek, ba'ngoen, ti'doer, da'teng, pergi' retain their unchanged form, but all other Malay verbs, if used in writing or in formal speech and if representing an active form, must receive a prefix,

as explained under "PREFIXES" : me, mem, men, or meng, menan'dak (root word) tan'dak), "to dance"; mengam'bil (root word, ambil), "to fetch"; memberi' (root word, beri'), "to give"; mendjoe'wal (root word, djoe'wal), "to sell." f The present tense may be designated by the word la gi (still). The past tense can be indicated by adding the word soe'dah or telah' (already), and the future tense by maoe or hendak (will), or nan'ti (after a while), or both. All these words, if used, must precede the verb. 76 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Interrogative sentences, especially if the question must be empha- sized, usually receive the suffix kah, added to the first word. Tah is also used, but only after the words a'pa and ma'na.

A command or request can be made to sound pleasant by beginning 37 with the verb tjo'ba. This means literally "try or "make an effort/' and it takes the place of the English "please": Tjo'ba, ka'si ajer es, "Please give me ice-water." NOUNS

Nouns are the same words for either sex. If it is necessary to accentuate the specific sex, la'ki-la'ki, lela'ki or djan'tan are added to designate the male, and peram'poean, the female. These words directly the noun: koe'da but koe'da 2 follow (horse), djan'tan (la'ki , lela'ki), "stallion/' and koe'da perampoean, "mare."

If plural has to be accentuated, the noun remains unchanged in spelling, but must be doubled. In writing and printing it is customary 2 2 to express the doubling with the figure : koe'da "horses."

ADJECTIVES Adjectives, in Malay, are usually placed after the noun, except when they refer to quantity: moe'soeh (enemy) bengis' (ruthless), "ruthless enemy"; but ba'njak (many) a'nak (children), "many children."

Degrees of Comparison Degrees of Comparison are expressed by the words lebih' (N.E.I.) or lebih' la'gi for the comparative, and pa'ling (N.E.I.), terla'loe, terlam'pau, a'mat, sa'ngat, ma'ha or seka'li for the superlative : baik, "good," lebih' baik, "better," pa'ling baik, "best." These adverbs always precede the adjectives which they modify.

In the Malayan Peninsula, where the words lebih' and pa'ling are seldom used although they are well understood, one would say : ting'gi (tall) potion (tree) ini (this) daripa'da (than) po'hon (tree) itoe

7 (that), "this tree is taller than that one '; but in Java: poehoen (tree) ini (this) lebih' (more) (lebih' la'gi, "more") ting'gi (tall) da'ri (than) poe'hoen (tree) itoe (that), "this tree is taller than that one." PRONOUNS Pronouns, in Malay, are divided into seven classes according to their uses : personal, indefinite, reflexive, possessive, demonstrative, interrogative and relative. GRAMMAR 77

(a) Personal Pronouns The use of the Personal Pronoun is largely idiomatic. Many of the islands, and even different districts of the same island, have their own peculiar expressions which possess varied and exact degrees of familiarity, coarseness, politeness, respect and devotion. First Person Singular: The most generally used word for "I" is sa'ja, although there are many others: a'koe (abbr. koe, Java), ham'ba (pol.), ham'batoean (pol.), oe'loen, pa'tik, a'wak, be'ta, goe'wa (Bat., fam.), ka'mi (Sum.), ki'ta (by princes).

First Person Plural: For "we" the first choice is ki'ta or ki'ta o'rang; then follow ka'mi (Sum.), a'koe seka'lian, etc. Second Person Singular: For the second person singular the pre- ferred words are kowe' (Java), ang'kau, kau, eng'kau; then come di'kau, toe'an ,toeanham'ba (pol.), toean'koe (pol.), Jang dipertoe'an (to rulers only), jamtoe'an, padoe'ka (pol.), seripadoe'ka (very pol.), da'toek, loe (fam.). Second Person Plural: Ka'moe and kowe' are generally used for the second person plural, but the singular forms may also be used for the plural.

Third Person Singular and Plural : Dia, ia, and dianja are used in both the mari'ka in the singular and plural ; also and diao'rang plural. NOTE: Many foreigners in Indonesia avoid the use of personal pronouns. If they are addressing a subordinate, they substitute for the pronoun of the first person toe'wan (Mr,), njo'nja (Mrs.), no'na (Miss), and for the pronoun of the second person the name or the title of the subordinate. If they speak to an equal or a superior, then they substitute the title of the addressee for the pronoun of the second person. Similarly, the Malays seldom use the pronoun of the second person when addressing a superior or a stranger. In business, a merchant is usually called so'bat (friend), whether he be Chinese or Malay, but an Arab and an Eurasian is called toe'wan (Mr.). A Malay pilgrim (recognized by his clothes) is always called toe'wan ha'dji (Mr. Pilgrim). (b) Indefinite Pronouns The following are the indefinite pronouns in Malay : man, people .o'rang somebody sa-o'rang 2 nobody tia'da sa-o'rang, ti'da sia'pa whoever ba'rang sa-o'rang, ba'rang sia'pa, sia'pa djoe'ga 2 2 every sasa-o'rang, ma'sing , tiap 2 something sasoea'toe, ba'rang sasoea'toe, apa , apa 2 nothing .....* .ti'da apa , tia'da ba'rang sasoea'toe 78 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

(c) Reflexive Pronouns The reflexive pronouns, formed by combining di'ri (self) with koe, moe or nja, corresponding to the first, second and third person of the pronoun, are the following: myself dirikoe himself dirinja ourselves dirikoe herself dirinja yourself dirimoe itself dirinja yourselves dirimoe themselves dirinja

Examples : Belom' ditjoe'koer di'rikoe, "(I have) not yet shaved myself." Apakah menoe'soek di'rimoe? "Did you prick yourself?" Dia menjoetji di'rinja. "He (she, they, it) wash him (her, their,

it) self."

Instead of any of the words dirikoe, dirimoe, dirinja, in some locali- ties, especially in Java, the word sendiri is used : Kowe' bi'lang sendi'ri, "you said it yourself." Dia bilang sendiri, "he said it himself."

(d) Possessive Pronouns In Malay, the possessive pronoun is the same as the personal pro- noun, but is used as an adjective and always FOLLOWS the word it modifies: to'pi (hat) sa'ja (I), "my hat"

A'koe (I) is abbreviated to koe; ka'moe (you) to moe; dia (he, she, it, they) is changed to nja; and they are all attached as suffixes to the word to which they refer : Solda'doekoe menang', "My soldiers are winning." The possessive pronoun is often, though incorrectly, used in con- junction with poe'nja or am'poenja. Then it precedes the word it modifies: Saja poenja soldadoe menang', "My soldiers are winning."

(e) Demonstrative Pronouns

The demonstrative pronouns are of two groups :

(1) pronouns referrring to objects or things: i'ni, "this/' i'toe, "that." They are usually placed after the noun: koe'da i'ni, "this horse."

(2) pronouns referring to qualities: begi'ni, "like this, as this"; begi'toe, "like that, such" ; demi'kian, "thus."

Example: Koe'da (horse) Jang (that) koe'roes (thin) begi'ni (like this, as this) ti'da (not) bi'sa (can) kredja' (work) begitoe (such) la'ma (long time), "A horse as thin as this can not work such a long time." GRAMMAR 79

(f) Interrogative Pronouns In Malay, interrogative pronouns are divided into three classes according to their reference to

(1) persons or things: a'pa, "what"; ma'na, "which, where"; sia'pa or sa'pa, "who" Ma'oe (want) a'pa (what) ? "What do you want?"

Pi'gi (go) ka (to) ma'na (where) ? "Where do you go?"

Roe'mah (house) ma'na (which) ? "Which house?"

Sia'pa (who) ka'si (gives) doe'wit (money) ? "Who gives (you) money?" to NOTE: A'pa is often used as the initial word in a sentence merely signify that it is a question: A'pa soe'da di menja'tjarken? "Have you been vaccinated? A'pa toewan ti'da ta'hoe? "Don't you know?"

(2) cause, manner: kena'pa, beta'pa, "why"; bagaima'na, pegima'- na, "how, as, like" Kena'pa (why) na'ngis (cry)? "Why do you cry?"

Di (to) pi'koel (carry) bagaima'na (how)? "How can I carry it?"

A'datnja (customs) pegima'na (like) ka'kek mo'jang (forefathers). "Customs like his forefathers."

(3) quantity: bera'pa, "how much, how many" Bera'pa (how much) har'ga (price) ? "How much is the price"

Bera'pa (how many) o'rang laTri (men) ? "How many men?" (g) Relative Pronouns "that." The relative pronoun in Malay is Jang, "who," "which,"

Examples : O'rang jang keta'wa, "the man who laughs." closed." Peti' jang tertoe'toep, "the box which is that is Pakerdja'an jang gam'pang, "the work easy." 80 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Jang is also used as the definite article.

Example : koe'da Jang itam, "the black horse."

Jang is sometimes used as a conjunction.

Example : Kowe' ta'hoe Jang sa'ja musti pigi, "You knew that I must go,"

This pronoun serves in the formation of the superlative degree: jang pa'ling baik, "the best/' ADVERBS Adverbs, in Malay, can be classified into three groups:

(a) adverbs which are root words and are used as such : a'mat, sa'ngat ('sa'nget, ba'nget), "very"; belom', "not yet"; pernah', "ever."

Examples : Koe'da (horse) i'toe (that) koewat' (strong) a'mat (sa'ngat, sa'nget, ba'nget) (very). "That horse is very strong."

Boe'wah (fruit) ini (this) belom' (not yet) ma'tang (ripe). "This fruit is not ripe yet."

(b) adverbs which are formed by doubling the root word: first." pelan'-pelan', "slowly" ; moe'la-moe'la, "at

Examples : 2 Dja'lan pelan . "Go slowly." 2 Moe'la tia'da kenal'. "At first I did not recognize him."

(c) adverbs which are compound words, formed by adding to the root word which sometimes must be doubled, the prefix sa and the suffix nja:

Examples : Salama'nja, "always"; sakoewat'-koewat'nja, "strongly." PREPOSITIONS The following prepositions are those most frequently used in

Malay : at, in, on di till, until hing'ga because karena' to, by pa'da, kapa'da by, on account of. .o'leh to, towards .ka for, in behalf of. . .oen'toek with deng'an, sa'ma from, off, than. . . .da'ri to, in order to. . . .boe'wat, a'kan GRAMMAR 81

CONJUNCTIONS

The conjunctions most commonly used are the following:

but ta'pi, teta'pi, a'ken teta'pi and dan, deng'an because, on account of sebab' besides, and then a'dapoen if ka'lau, djika'lau or , atau', ata'wa, oeta'wa so that, in order to soepa'ja therefore, accordingly ma'ka, maka'nja

INTERJECTIONS

Some of the interjections in Malay can be translated into English

as follows :

Amazing ! Hi ! Eh? Ja?

Get up ! (to a horse) Ah !

Gracious ! Is not it terrible ! Tobat' !

Hurry up ! Come on !. Ajo!

Ouch ! Adoeh'!

Phew ! Shame on you ! Tjis'

IDIOMATIC WORDS

There are a few words which are often used before names or titles,

such as :

sang . , . before the name of gods or of princes, and in fables or

the * legends ; also, before name of animals

si before the proper names of persons whom one knows closely, or about whom one wants to speak in a familiar tone, usually jokingly

dang , . (as title) before names of women of rank; also, before names of fishes in fables hang . . before names of men and chieftains (mostly used in the Malayan Peninsula) s?ri . . . before names of royalty and titles

DICTIONARY

DICTIONARY

add (increase) tam'bah, bertam'bah add (sum a sa, sa'toe figures) djoemblah'ken adder oe'ler beloe'dak abandon mening'alken, membiar'k&i address ala'mat able bi'sa, pan'dai, pin'ter adieu kas'si ta'be abdomen peroet' administer memeren'tahkgn abolish menia'daken, mengeloe'- warken admiral laksama'na admire hai'ran abortion goegoe'ran, keloe'ran 2 admit (let in) ka'si ma'soep about (more or less) kira , lebib' admit (acknowledge) menga'koe koe'rang adopt (a child) mengang'kat about (concerning) a'kan, a'dapoen, adrift ^berkoeli'ling, da'ri mengomba'ra advance (of money) ^pien'djem, abduct memba'wa, mela'riken perskot', chengkram' above (position) dia'tas advance (of troops) ma'djoe above (more than) lebih' advantage oen'toeng abscess poe'roe, bi'soel advertisement pemberi'ta, pemberi' abscond la'ri, ming'gat ta'hoe absent ti'da a'da, tia'da had'lir advice nasiliat, bitja'ra, ich'tiar abstain mena'hanken di'ri affection sa'jang, tjin'ta abuse menja'kiti, menis'taken afraid ta'koet abundan ce kame'waan after (behind) di bla'kang accept tri'ma after (later) kamoe'dian access dja'lanan ma'soek afire kaba'karan accompany berdja'Ian bersa'ma- afternoon so're sa'ma petang', afterwards kamc*e'dian, ha'bis according to saperti', menoe'roet again sakali la'gi, poe'la accordingly ^ma'tjem i'toe djoe'ga, against (over against) tentang' sabagaima'na against (opposed) ti'da tjo'tjok account (narrative) tjeri'ta, hika'jat age (length of time) oe'moer account (bill) kira-kira, soe'rat age (a period) a'bad, dza'man oe'tang, rek'ening aged toe'wa, la'ma account (on of) da'ri sebab', kra'na agent wa'kil i'toe ago soe'dah, la'loe accumulate mfcnoempoek agree to( contract) berdjan'dji, accustomed ^bia'sa satoe'djoe accuse menoe'doeh, mcnja'laken agree (to consent) tjo'tjok, sa7kit ache, moeafa'kat acid ^a'sam agreeable sedap', e'nak, laik acquire da'pet, menda'pet 7 agreement perdjan'djian, moeafa'kat across lir/tang, sab^rang agreement, (written) soe'rat act (do) berboewaf, bi'kin perdjan'djian act (on the stage) main wa'jang action ale's! agriculture peroe'sahaan taTiah, pakerdja'an ta'nem-ta'neman active ra'djin, soe'ka kerdja' activity keak'sian ahead- di depan', di moe'ka actor o'rang kome'di ague demem* ding'in, deraem* koc'ra 86 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE aid toe'loeng, menoe'loeng, ban'toe along (following along) toe'roet, aim menoe'djoe i'koet air (atmosphere) oe'da'ra, ha'wa along (along with) sa'ma deng'an air (sky) lang'it alphabet ab'djad, alif-ba-ta air (tune) la'goe, ra'gam alphabetical dengf'an penga'toeran air (bearing) roe'pa ab'djad air (to air)- djemoer' already soe'dah, telah' aircraft ka'pal terbang', ka'pal also djoe'ga, la'gi, poen, poe'la oeda'ra, pesa'wat terbang' alter gan'ti, bero'bah, toe'kar aircraft carrier ka'pal in'doek although maskipoen', biar, walak'in pesa'wat terbang altitude ting'ginja airdrome tempat' ka'pal terbang' altogether sa'ma seka'li (menerbang'an) alum ta'was airplane ka'pal oeda'ra always salama'nja, sa-la'loe air raid menjerang'an oeda'ra, amaze hai'ran penga'moekan da'ri lang'it ambassador- oe'toesan air raid shelter tempat' semboe'nian, amber am'bar, ba'toe am'bar perlin'doengan ambush a' dang, penga'dangan alabaster ba'toe poewa'lam amiable ^ma'nis, pa'toet di ka'sihi alarm hoeroeha'ra, ga'doeh, ammunition peka'kas menem'bak haroebi'roe among anta'ra, diteng'ah-teng'ah alarm (signal) semboe'jan, tan'da America ^negeri' Amerika karoe'soehan amount djoem'lah, bi'langan alarm block (native dugout log) amulet dji'mat, penang'kal tongtong, kentong'an amuck a'mok, menga'mok 2 alarm clock lon'tjeng semboe'jan amuse ^main , bersoe'ka-soe'kaan alarmed terke dj oet' amusing ^kasoe'kaan alas adoeh' anchor djang'kar, sa'oeh albino o'rang ba'lar, o'rang sa'boen anchor (to anchor) berla'boeh alike saroe'pa, sama'tjam, anchorage pela'boehan, moewa'ra samadjoe'ga anchorage dues bea peb'boehan, alien da'ri lain negeri' roe'ba2 alive hi'doep anchor hawse oe'loep all samoa', sega'la, seka'lian ancient la'ma, toe'wa, jang allege menga'taken tem'po doe'loe allied sekoe'toe and dan, deng'an, en all right baik, baik-lah angel ma'lak, malai'kat alligator boea'ja anger ma'rah, ga'lak, goe'sar allow mengid'zinken, kassi permi'si, angry ma'rah, goe'sar, ben'tji memberi' id'zin (permi'si) animal bina'tang almighty ^ma'ha-koewa'sa ankle ma'ta ka'ki almond boe'wah kena'ri blan'da, anklet gelang' ka'ki ba'dam annoy gang'goe, mema'langi 7 alms derma', sedekah another (one more) sa'toe la'gi aloe na'nas blan'da, li'dah boewa'ja another (different) lain alone (-only) sa'dja, tjoe'mah annihilate menia'daken, menoem'pes alone (unaccompanied) sendi'ri, answer menja'woet, dja'wab sao'rangdi'ri, sendi'rian ant (common) semoet' alone (separated) terpi'sah, bera'sing ant (large red) kerang'ga along (alongside of) di-seblah', ant (white) ra'jap di si'si, di ping'gir ant (flying white) la'ron DICTIONARY 87 antenna ka'wat soeng'oet ra'dio ars e n i c warang'an anthill roe'mah semoet' article fat'sal, perka'ra anti-aircraft gun meri'am penang'kis art il'moe, hik'mat ka'pal terbang' (oeda'ra) artery (blood vessel) oe'rat antidote pena'war artillery ^pasoek'an meriam2 anti-tank gun meriam penang'kis artisan toe'kang tank as (like) seperti', ka'ja anvil lan'dasan as (while) serta^bila anxious (desiring) keping'in ascend naik 7 anxious (uneasy) koewa'tir, ashamed ^ma'loe, katjelik bim'bang ha'ti ashes a'boe any ba'rang ashtray tam'pat a'boe apart a'sing ashore (to go) naik da'rat ape mo'njet besar' ashore (stranded) terdam'par, aperture lo'bang, li'ang, belah', kan'das lekah' ashore (on land) di da'rat apologize min'ta am'poen ask (inquire) ta'nja, mena'nja apparatus beka'kas, pera^DOt ask (ask for) min'ta apparently roepa'nja asleep ti'doer appeal ma'soek appel' ass kal'dai appear tim'boel, kalihat'an assault ^melang'gar, terkam' appease mendiam'ken, assemble berkoem'poel, berhim'poen memperda'maiken as sembly koem'poelan appearance roe'pa, si'pat assessment (taxes) ^bea, tjoe'kai, appetite la'par pa'djek / apple boe'wah ap'pel assist toe loeng, ban'toe apply (ask for) min'ta assistant (in business) toewan apply (use) pa'sang, pa'keh ketjil', toewan no'mor doe'wa 7 appoint ^menggelar , mendja'diken astern di boe'ritan approach mengham'pir, da'tang astonished hai'ran, tertjengang' dekef astrologer sastera'wan approve tri'ma menga'boelken at di, pa'da April boe'lan a'pril atom koe'man, loe'loeh Arabia negeri' a'rab attach i'kat, menam'bat 7 ar chip elago kapoe'lauan, attack lang'gar, serang', menjerang 2 perkoem'poelan poe'lau attempt tjo*ba are a'da attend (look after) dja'ga argue berban'tah-ban'tah attend (a party) non'ton, menoa'ton 2 arm (of body) tang'an, leng'an attention (to pay) ingat , arm (weapon) sendja'ta memperha'tiken armistice berhenti' berkela'hi attorney (agent) wa'Ml, koewa'sa / armpit kati'ak attorney (lawyer) pcnoe loeng 7 armored ^berla'pis besi bitja'ra army balatan'tra, angHsatan da'rat attorney (power of) soe'rat koewa'^i around koeli'ling, berfeoeMling auction le'Iang arrest menang'kep audience (in a show) panon'ton arrive sam'pai, soe'dah da'teng, August boe'lan Augoes'tes ti'ba aunt bi^bi, mamoe'da, ma-soeda'ra arrow pa'nah, a'nak pa'nah 7 7 arsenal gedong pera'bot Australia neg-eri Strelia paperang'an, gedcmg' sendja'ta authority (power) koewa'sa 88 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE authority (government) pren'tah, bark (of a tree) koe'lit goepernemen' bark (to) menja'lak automobile o'to, mo'bil barley djewa'woet avenge memba'les barrack ^tang'si, bang'sal average rata2 barrel tong, ta'hong, pipa aviator toe'kang terbang', barrel (of a gun) la'ras, moe'loed djoe'roe terbang' base (mean) hi'na avoid menjing'kir, la'riken base (starting place) tempat await menoeng'goe, menan'tiken melang'kap, ben'teng awake (adjective) dja'ga, melek, base (supply depot) pang'kalan a'was, sedar' bashful ma'loe awake (verb) kas'si bang'oen, basin mang'kok, pa'so membang'oenken, bang'oenin (Bat.) basket ba'koel, kran'djang 7 aware ta'hoe, sedar bastard anak soen'del, ha'ram away i'lang, ta'da dja'dah awning (canvas) tjetri' bastion sele'koh awning (matting) ka'djang bat ^kam'pret axe kam'pak, ka'pak B atavia Beta'wi axis ki'si batallion pasoe'kan, bataljoen' axle in'den, poe'sat, as, poe'roes battery (cannon) koe'boe ben'teng, meri'am B ren'tengan battery (electric) batterai babe a'nak ketjil' battle sprang' bachelor boe'djang battleship ka'pal penoem'boek back (part of body) bla'kang bath (bathroom) ka'mar man'di back (place) di bla'kang bath (tub) tempat man'di back (return) komba'li, poe'lang, bathe man'di ba'lik 7 bay teloek , telok' backward (mind) gebleg', bo'do bayonet sang'koer backward (growth) boeng'kik, bazaar pa'sar, pekan' ketjil' balance (remainder) kating'galan backward (work) ma'les, lam'bat balance (bookkeeping) bacon da'ging (gemoekO ba'bi perban'dingan itoeng'an bad (wicked) dja'hat balance (scale) tim'bangan, nara'tja, bad (spoilt) ^boe'soek, boe'roek da'tjin bad (money) pal'soe balcony lang'kan badge tan'da bald goen'doel, bo'tak baffle membo'doken. bale ^ka'roeng, boeng'koes, bag (of matwork) ka'roeng gendang' bag (of a cow) soe'soe, te'tek ball (for games) bo'la bag (travelling) beg, kerpek' ball (dancing) pes'ta dangsa, baggage ba'rang2 mena'rian bail (security) ^tang'goengan ball (cannon or musket) peloe'roe, bail (out water) menim'ba pe'lor bail (out from airplane) loem'pat ballast toe'lak bara, a'las dengan pa'joeng penerdjoen' moewat'an bait oem'pan balm ^ma'soeh, mi'njak rak/si bake pang'gang bamboo ^bam'boe baker toe'kang ro'ti banana (fruit) ^pi'sang, boe'wa bakery tempaf pemba'karan ro'ti pi'sang barge tong'kang, sam'pan banana (plant) poe'hoen pi'sang DICTIONARY 89

band (musicians) toe'kang moe'sik beetle kom'bang, legek, band (people) ka'wan 2 koewang'woeng bandage pembe'betan, boeng'koes before doe'loe, di depan' bank (river) tebing', ping'gir ka'li beg (ask for) min'ta bank (mud) lenjau', go'song, beting' beg (pauper) min'ta 2 bank (money) bank, benk b e gga r o'rang min'ta 2 bankrupt dja'toh begin moelai' banner bande'ra, a'lam beginning permoe'laan, moela2 banyan waring'm behaviour kala'koean, ting'kah bar pa'lang, rembaf kan'tjing la'koe barber toe'kang ram'boet, toe'kang behind di bla'kang tjoe'koer b elch serda'wah barbwire ka'wat doe'ri believe pertja'ja bare telan'djang bell lon'tjeng, genta' bargain (to) ta'war belly ^proet be -a'da, dja'di belong poenja'nja, toe'roet beach (ocean) pan'tai, pesi'sir, below di ba'wa ping'gir la'oet belt i'kat ping'gang, oe'det, beach (to a ship) menaik'ken ta'li pending' kada'rat belting (machinery) koe'lit pesa'wat beacon tiang' tan' da, pelam'poeng bench bang'koe beads ma'ni2 bend membentoek', bi'kin beng'kok beak pa'roek, tjoe'tjoek bent beng'kok beam (wood) ba'lok, ba'tang ka'joe b enzine ben'sien beam (width of ship) le'bar beri-beri penja'Mt loem'poeh beam (sun) si'nar besides dan la'gi beans ka'tjang best jang pa'ling baik beans (string) ka'tjang boon'tjis bestial seperti bina'tang, doerdja'na beans (long string) ka'tjang betel (nut) pi'nang, boe'wah pi'nang pan'djang betel (leaf) si'rih, da'oen si'rih beans (kidney) ka'tjang djo'ko betray memboe'ka rasi'a, beans (soya) ka'tjang kedele' menjemoe'ken bear (animal) bi'roewang betrothed bertoe'nang bear (endure) ta'han better jang lebih' baik bear (carry) memba'wa, pi'koel between di teng'ah, anta'ra bear (pregnant) ha'mil, boen'ting beyond (more than) lebih' da'ri beard djeng'got beyond (farther) li'wat, lebih' dja'oe bearer koe'lie, toe'kang pikoelan bible alki'tab, ki'taboelkoe'does beast bina'tang bicycle sepe'da, ro'da ang'in beat poe'koel, han'tem, laberak bid ta'war / beat (heart) berdebar' bier oe'soengan mait, koe roeng beautiful ba'goes, en'dah, e'lok, a'joe ba'tang because sebab', kra'na big besar' 7 become dja'di bile ampedoe nja'li bed tempat' ti'doer bill (account) re'kening, djoemlaan bedspread seperai', toe'toep bill (of bird) pa'roek, tjoeng'oer tempat ti'doer bill (chopper) pa'rang, bli'ong, a'rit

bee ta'won, lebah' bill (notice) pelekaf, soe'rat tem'pel bee (bumble) kom'bang bind (fasten) i'kat, mengiTcat beef da'ging sa'pi, da'ging l^mboe' bind (books) mendjilid beer bir bird boe'roeng 90 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE birth (lineage) a'sal, bang'sa, blow (strike) poe'koel, toem'boek, toe'roenan pa'loe birth (born) dja'di, kadja'dian blowout fof tire) ban bletos' birthday ha'ri dja'di, ha'ri ta'oen, (meletosO ha'ri di pera'nakken blowpipe soempi'tan birthplace tempat dja'di, tempat di blubber da'ging i'kan pa'oes pera'nakken bludgeon ga'da, pentoeng bismuth mas woe'roeng blue bi'roe, bla'oe bit (a little bit) sedi'kit blunder sa'lah, kasa'lahan, loe'poet bit (coins) keping' blunderbuss pemoe'ras, senapan bit (for horse) legam', kenda'li pemoe'ras bite (by animal) gigit blunt toem'poel bite (by snake) pa'goet oe'ler blurt mengo'tjeh bitter (taste) pait, pa'hit blush moe'ka me'rah, ma'loe bitter (feeling) pedih', sedih' bluster roe'soeh, ge'ger, bertere'ak bivouac pertan'teraan boa constrictor oe'ler sa'wah black hi'tam, i'tam boar (wild) ba'bi oe'tan blackboard pa'pan toe'lis boar (male pig) ba'bi djan'tan blackout bi'kin gelap', board (wood) pa'pan menjoeram'ken board (meals) ma'kanan blacksmith toe'kang besi' boardinghouse roe'mah menoem'pang o'lo 2 bladder pekentjing'an boast tja'kap ang'in, , ko'tjak blade (of a knife) ma'ta pi'so boat (steam) ka'pal a'pi blame rnenja'lahken, mentjela' boat (native sail) pra'hoe, ko'lek, blanket sli'moet, kemoel' tambang'an blarney o'mong ko'song boat (lighter) sam'pan, tong'kang blaze bernja'la boat (small) djoe'koeng bleach memoe'tihken, djemoer boat (western) 'sko'tji sam'pe poe'ti boat (bark) pra'hoe da'gang besar' bleb bin'til, lepoeh' boatman toe'kang pra'hoe, a'nak bleed berda'rah, kaloe'war da'rah pra'hoe bless ka'si sla'mat, member!' boatswain serang', djoe'roe ting'gi berkat' bodice tjoe'li, koe'tang blind (can not see) boe'ta body (living) ba'dan, toe'boeh, blind (window) pa'pan ting'kap sali'ra blister -bin'til body (corpse) mait, bang'kai bloat dja'di bengkak' boil (abscess) bi'soel block (of wood) poen'toeng boil (cook) ma'sak, reboes' blockade pa'jir, pengepoeng'an boil (bubble) bedi'dih blond (e) (hair) ram'boet koe'ning boisterous roe'soeh blood da'rah bold bra'ni, pong'ah, lan'tjang bloodsucker (on land) pa'tjet bolster ban'tal pan'djang, goe'ling bloodsucker (in water) lin'tang bolt (door) kan'tjing, geren'del blossom boe'nga, kembang' bolt (thunder) geledeg', petar, tegar' blossom (of palm) ma'jang bomb pe'lor a'pi, peloe'roe a'pi, bom blossom (of banana) djan'toeng bomb (to) menem'baki deng'an blossom (to bloom) berkembang' peloe'roe a'pi, mengebom' blot no'da, ti'tik bombardier toe'kang tembak blow (with lips) ti'oep peri'joek a'pi, djoe'roe tem'bak blow (misfortune) tjila'ka bombardment ^penem'bakan deng'an blow (wind) ti'oep, meni'oep pelor a'pi DICTIONARY 91 bombing machine (bomber) ka'pal brace so'kong, toen'djang, ta'li oeda'ra lempar bom, bomber ba'wat bombproof Jang bi'sa ta'han bom bracelet gelang' bond (document) soe'rat djan'dji brag bertja'kap ang'm, mengo'tjak bond (fastening) i'katan braid anja'man ram'boet, tjema'ra bone toe'lang brains o'tak book (general) boe'koe branch (of tree) tja'bang, da'han book (religious) ki'tab branch (of river) a'nak soeng'ai, bookcase lema'ri boe'koe sim'pangan boot sepa'toe ting'gi, seti'wel branch (of tribe) soe'koe booth djam'ban, leng'kok brand tjap, roe'pa border ping'gir, tepi, si'pat brandish rnelam'bai, memoe'ter bore (auger) goer'di, penggi'rik brandy beren'di bore (to) menggi'rik, ko'rek brass temba'ga, koe'ningan born dja'di, di pera'nakken brave bra'ni, ga'gah B orneo Broe'nai brawl perban'tahan, berkala'hi, b orrow pin'djem seto'ri boss toe'wan, kapa'la brazen ^moe'ka pa'pan both kadoe'wa, doewa-doewa breach (in enemy line) teta'san, bother soe'sah, gang'goe pero'hong bottle bo'tol, ba'lang, pies breach (of promise) perom/bakan bottom pan'tat, boe'nas, ba'wah, bread ro'ti ta'nah breadfruit soe'koen boulder ba'toe breadth le'bar, loe'was, lebar'nja bounce rmelom'pat, berbang'kit break (of wood) pa'tah bound (tied) teri'kat break (of glass, stone) petjah' bound (leap) loem'pat break (of rope, wire) poe'toes bound (books) terdji'lid break (from jail) la'ri da'ri boe'wi bound (destined for) di dja'lan, la'gi break (the heart) roe'sak ha'ti berdja'lan breakfast ma'kan pa'gi boundary wa'tes, perhing'gaan, breast (chest) da'da ping'gir breast (of women) soe'soe, te'tek boundary stone ba'toe tan'da wa'tes breath na'pas, na'fas bow (to stoop) toen'doek breathe berna'pas, ta'rik na'pas, bow (to salute) ka'si hoi/mat, mena'fas ka'si ta'be breeches tjela'na pen'dek bow (down to earth) soe'djoed, breechloader ^sena'pan ko'pak, menjembah' soe'djoed sena'pan Jang di isi da'ri bla'kang bow (of a ship) ha'loewan breed (produce) ^mia'ra, bow (weapon) boe'sar, pa'nah, mendja'diken i'boe pa'nah breed (race) bang'sa, a'sal, bowels i'si peroet' toe'roenan bowie-knife kerisr breeding (manners) a'dat, tja'ra a'dat bowsprit tjoe'tjoer, semande'ra, k'koe, a'djar breeze 7 kelaf boe'sprit ang'in tegang brew ma'sak, mema'sak box (chest) peti' bribe soe'wap, ka'si sinir box (to fight) djo'tos, menin'djau brick ba'ta boy (servant) djong'os, boy, bride pengan'ten pram'poean boe'djang bridegroom ^pengan'ten la'H-la'ki boy (child) anak laM4aki, boe'dak bridge diemba'tan 92 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE bridle ta'li kang, torn, les bull (domestic) lemboe' (sa'pi) brief pen'dek djan'tan brigade pasoe'kan bull (wild) ban'teng bright terang', tjoewa'tja bullet pe'lor, ploe'roe B right's disease penja'kit boe'wa bullock lemboe' (sa'pi) kebi'ri ping'gang bumblebee kom^bang brine a'jer ga'rem (a'sin) bump toem'boek, kabentoer' bring ba'wa bumper panoe'lak, pa'lang British ing'gris penjang'ga, bemper brittle ra'poeh, getas' bumpy ban'ting broad le'bar bunch tan'dan broadcast bitja'ra ra'dio bundle boeng'koesan, ikat broadcloth sa'kelat bunk ba'le2 broiler pang'angan buoy lam'poeng, pelam'poeng broken petjah', pa'tah, poe'toes burden (load) pi'koelan, moewa'tan broker tjing'kau, pena'lang burden (sorrow) soe'sah, kabera'tan brooch krosang, peni'tih ba'djoe burglar pabong'kar, tetas'an brook ka'li ketjil' burgomaster kapa'la ko'ta blan'da broom sa'poe, sa'poe li'di burial (to bury) pengoe'boer broth kal'doe, soep burial (procession) peri'ringan ma'it brothel roe'mah soen'del, burn ba'kar, memba'kar roe'mah pan'djang burning ang'oes, terba'kar brother soeda'ra burnish oe'pam, menggi'lapken brother (elder) ka'ka, ka'kang, burrow mengo'rek, mengga'li a'bang, kakan'da burst retak', rengat', belah^ brother (younger) a'di, adin'da bury koe'boer, ta'nam 2 brother (in law) i'par la'H bush poe'hoen ketjil', brotherhood persoeda'raan semak'-semok' brotherly seperti' bersoeda'raan business (occupation) kerdja', brow kening', a'lis pakerdjaan brown me'rah toe'wa, war'na sa'wo business (mercantile) da'gangan, bruise mema'rnarken, lebam' pernia'gaan brush (to paint) koewas', sa'poe tjet busy (industrious) ra'djin, soe'ka brush (cleaning) si'kat, boe'loe ba'bi kerdja' brushwood ^beloe'kar, oe'tan ketjil' busy (much work) ba'njak kerdja brutal ^ka'sar, bengis' but (however) ta'pi, teta'pi bubble gelemboeng' but (except) ^lain da'ri, han'ja bucket tim'ba, em'ber, long butcher (slaughterer) toe'kang po'- buckle kan'tjing, ges'per tong, peman'tai bud (of flowers) koen'tjoen, butcher (selling) dja'gal, o'rang koen'toem djoe'wal da'ging bud (of a leaf) toe'nas butler ^boy besar' (Sing.), buffalo kerbau' sepen (Bat) djong'os no'mor sa'toe r r bug (bed) ^bang sat, pidjat, koe toe butter mante'ga boe'soek butterflykoe'poe2 2 bug (insect) pijat buttock pan'tat, boe'wah pan'tat bugle selom'peret button kan'tjing bugler toe^kang selom'peret buy bli, membeli' build boe'at, bi'Mn, bedi'rik^n buzz dengoeng', desing', boe'nji bulb oem^bi, oeHsi by (by means of) deng'an, o'leh, 7 bulk besar'nja, kaba'njakan sa ma DICTIONARY 93

by (by side of)^seblah', deket' camp (small house) pon'dok by and by sabentar' la'gi, nan'ti camp (army) pertantra'an camphor ka'poer ba'roes can (tin container) ka'leng, koe'pi cab kre'ta se'wa can (to can) menga'sinken, cabbage koe'bis, koel menga'tjarken cabin (in ship) ka'mar, pe'tak, can (to be able) bi'sa, bo'leh ke'beng (Sing.) canal pa'rit, saloe'ran, selo'kan cabin (small house) pon'dok cancel menga'poesken, bi'kin ma'ti cabinet (furniture) lema'ri cancer penja'kit pekoeng'

cabinet (ministers) perda'na man'teri candle ^li'lin, di'an cable (rope) ta'li sa'oeh candy ma'nisan cable (telegraph) ki'rim soe'rat cane (walking stick) toeng'kat ka'wat cane (sugar cane) teboe' cablegram soe'rat ka'wat cane (grass) a'lang2 caboose (on train) koe'roengan cannibal Jang ma'kan o'rang cache tempat' semboe'nian cannon meri'am cachet tjap, meterai' canoe djoe'koeng cachou gam'bir canteen roe'mah bo'la solda'doe cackle koe'tik, penga'kak canvas kain la'jar cadaver ban'kai, ma'jit caoutchouc ka'ret cage koe'roeng, koe'roengan, cap (Hd) ^toe'toepan sang'kar, kan'dang cap (head dress) to'pi, kar'poes, cahoot kong'si song'kok, ko'pia caisson (trailer with cannon) cap (percussion) pengga'lak, kare'ta o'bat meri'am perki'song cajuput mi'njak ka'joe poe'ti capability kapan'daian, kabi'saan cake kweh capable ^bi'sa, pan'dai, pin'ter

calamity tjila'ka besar' capacity ^isi, moewafan calculate mengi'toeng, cape tan'djoeng mengi'ra-ngi'ra capital (money) oewang', har'ta calendar tak'wim, alma'nak capitol (town) i'boe negeri', calenture (fever) demem' menga'tjo ko'ta negeri' 7 calf (of cow) a'nak sa'pi, capital (letter) hoe'roef besar 7 a'nak lemboe capitulate djan'dji sefa'han calf (of leg) boe'wah betis' capitulation serah', seraTian caliber besar'nja, ka'dar capon a'jam kebi'ri calico kain kalamka'ri capsicum tja'be, lom'bok caliph chali'fat cap stan ^poe'teran call (summon) pang'gil captain (of army) kapitan, pengli'ma call (visit) ^berta'moe, teta'moe captain (of European ship) kapitan callbird ^pemi'kat, boe'roeng captain (of native craft) djoera'gan, pemi'kat nako'da calm (no wind) ma'ti ang'in captain (of Chinese junk) calm (weather) tedoeh' tjin'tjoe, taikong calm (not nervous) senang', tenang', captivate meralii, mena'rik ha'ti sedjoek' ha'ti captive tertang'kep, terbeleng'goe cambric kain a'sahan capture tang^epan camel on'ta car (motor car) mo'bil, o'to camera ^a'lat boeat membikin po'tret car (freight car) gro'bak (Bat.) camisole ^ba'djoe pen'dck a'ti (Java) 94 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE carabine terkoel', sena'pan pen'dek cartridge pa'teroem, i'si bedil' carafe s era/hi, ka'rap carve po'tong, menjoe'bik carat metoe', moe'toe, ma'toe case (sheath) sa'rong caravan karwan, kafi'lah case (generally) tempat' caravan sary pasanggra'han, p on'dok case (box) peti' 2 caraway djin'ten case (in case) ka'lau, ti'ba carbonpaper kertas' tjap case (circumstance) hal, perka'ra carbuncle koema'la cash (to pay ) kontan' carcass bang'kei cash (ready money) oewang' toe'nai card (European playing) kar'toe, cashew boe'wah ga'djoes, djang'goes da'oen pa'kau (Sing.) cashier ^toe'kang wang, ka'sir (Java) card (Chinese playing) da'oen tjiki cask tong card (business) soe'rat na'ma cast lempar, boe'wang care (anxiety) soe'sah ha'ti, ta'koet casting toewang' care (to look after) dja'ga, ing'at, casting net dja'la memperhatiken cast iron besi' toe'wangan career dja'lan kahi'doepan castle ^ko'ta, gedong' besar' careful tjermaf, a'ti castor oil mi'njak dja'rak, kastro'li careless tia'da bertjin'ta, castrate kebi'ri, mengebi'ri r tra la lei 2 perdoe'li, (Sing.) casual tiba , ti'da tersang'ka caress bertjoem'boe, xnemboe'djoek casualty ^kahi'langan caretaker o'rang dja'ga cat koe'tjing cargo moewat'an, i'si cataclysm kia'mat, ampoeh'an caricature gam'bar sindi'ran, catalogue daf'tar boe'koe2 gam'bar pengo'lok-o'lok catch tang'kep, menang'kep carnivore jang ma'kan da'ging caterpillar oe'lat (oe'ler) boe'loe carpenter toekang ka'joe cattle hai'wan, ke'wan, bina'tang carp e t permada'ni pia'raan carria ge kare'ta cause sebab', ka'rena, a'sal carrier (aircraft) ka'pal iboe cause (verb) menjebab'ken ka'pal terbang' caution a'ti2 carrier (porter) koe'li, o'rang cavalry ^ba'ris koe'da memi'koel cavalry man solda'doe berkoe'da carrot bor'tel cave goe'ha, goe'wa, lo'bang carry (general) ba'wa, memba'wa caviar troeboek, telor' troe'boek carry (over shoulder) pi'koel, cayenne tja'beh ra'wit, lom'bok memi'koel se'tan carry (in a package) gan'doeng, cease ^bren'ti 7 mengan'doeng cede serah', menjerah carry (a child) gen'dong, ceiling ting'kat, lo'teng mengen'dong celery sela'deri carry (on the head) mendjoen'djoeng cellar goe'dang di ba'wah ta'nah 7 carry (under arm) mengempif, cement ^perekat , semen' mengelek cemetery pakoe'boeran cart (drawn by horse) gro'bak cent sen, doe'wit cart (drawn by bullock) peda'ti, centipede (poisonous) kela'bang, ' tpTkai (Java) li'pan cart (push) kre'ta tang'an centipede (phosphorescent) kelima'ja carton (box) tempat', doos centipede (non-poisonous) kaldi carton 7 (paper) kertas tebel', sari'boe, senggoe'loeng kertas' djilid central diteng'ah, poe'sat DICTIONARY 95

2 centre teng'ah chew (food) ma'mah century a'bad, dja'man chew (tobacco) menjoe'soer certain tentoe', soeng'goeh, chicken a'jam. nista'ja chickenpox tja'tjar a'jer certificate soe'rat ketrang'an chief kapa'la chafe mele'tjetken child a'nak chain ran'tai chimney (lamp) semperong' chair kro'si, kadoe'doekan chimney (smoke) ^tjo'rong a'sep chaise ben'di chin da'goe chalk ka'poer blan'da China negeri' tji'na, ta'nah tjongOcoh challenge memekis', menan'tang Chinese (from China) tji'na, / chameleon keroe'ning,, boeng'lon tjong koh champagne ang'goer poef, sampa'ni Chinese (man) o'rang tji'na champignon tjanda'wan, dja'moer (tjon'koh), tionghoa chance oen'toeng, oen/di, chintz tji'ta, kain tji'ta kena'-takena' chisel pa'hat change (exchange) toe'kar chocolate ^tjo'klat change (alter) bero'bah, gan'ti choice pi'lih, pi'lihan channel (of sea) selat' choke tjekek', mengoe'djoet channel (small) pa'rit, selo'kan cholera penja'kit ko'lera, penja'kit a'loer moen'ta be'rak character (nature) a'dat, pekerti', choose memi'lih da'sar, ha'ti chop (of trees) memo'tong, character (letter) hoe'roef, aksa'ra memba'tjok character (figure) ank'ka chop (in pieces) tjin'tjang charcoal a'rang Christ Almesih', Na'bi I'sa charge (attack) lang'gar, Christian (Catholic) o'rang sera'ni menga'moek Christian (Protestant) mesehi charge (in charge of) berpesan', chum so'bat kras menjoe'roeh church gre'dja 7 2 charit}^ kasihan', sedekah cicada ri'ang , djan'krik 2 charm (magic) goe'na , ho'batan cigar seroe'toe, ro'ko charm (amulet) dji'mat cigarette (native) ro'ko ka'wang, charm (beauty) e'lok, ma'nis ro'ko ni'pah, ro'ko klo'bot r chart peta , gam'bar negeri' cigarette (paper) ro'ko kertas' chase mengoe'sir, memboe'roe cinchona ki'na, poe'hoen o'bat chatter (of teeth) gela'toek demem' chatter (talk) mengo'tjeh, bele'ter cinder ba'ra chauffeur soe'pir (Java), pe^gang stir cinema bioskop', kome'di gam'bar cheap moe'rah i'doep cheat meni'poe, mela'gaken cinnamon ka'joe ma'nis cheek ^pi'pi circle dai'rah, boelat cheer-^bersoe'rak-soe'rak circumcise soe'nat, menjoe'natken cheese-f-ke'djoe circumference dja'djahan, dai'rah chemist: toe'kang o'bat circumstance nal, perilial cherish tjin'ta, soe'ka citadel ben'teng cheroot seroe'toe, ro'ko citation ^poeng'oetan, petik'an, chess tja'toer, permai'nan tja'toer seboefan chest (box) peti' citizen a'nak negeri', o'rang chest (breast) da'da citron djeroek' ni'pis chestnut boe'wali sarang'ai* citrus djeroek' 96 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE city kc/ta coffee ^ko'pi city hall ba'lai, gedong' bitja'ra coil -li'lit civet-cat moe'sang kastoe'ri, ra'se coin oewang'', doe'wit civil tja'ra doe'soen cold (chilly) ding^n, sedjoek' claim -dak'wa, hak a'tas cold (illness) pi'lcg, selema' clam ki'djing, koe'pang collapse roe'boeh, rebah' clamp peme'gangan, ko'kot collar (clothes) le'her ba'djoe 2 clandestine diam , gelap', collar (for dog) ka'loeng tersemboe'ni collar (for horse) al'ka (Sing.) clasp kan'tjing, selepi', tjante'lan colleague sakoe'toe, temen' bekerdja' claw koe'koe collect koem'poel, berkoem'poel clay ta'nah E'at collide kabentoer', bersoen'toeh clean bresi' colonel kornel' clear trang colour war'na cleave belah' column (military) am'balan clemency-~~rah'mat, karoe'nia, solda'doe kasihan' comb (for hair) si'sir, si'kat cl er k djoeroetoe'lis comb (of cock) djeng'ger, ba'loeng clever pin'ter, pan'dai, bi'sa combat prang, penempoeh'an client langan'an combine (association) pa'kat climate ha'wa, oeda'ra combine (put together) climb (go up) naik, meman'djat menjam'boeng climb (plants) meram'bat come da'teng, ma'ri clock lon'tjeng, lo'tjeng, djam comedian bangsa'wan keta'wa close (near) deket' comet ^bin'tang bere'kor r close (shut) toe'toep comfort nik'mat, ka-e nakan closet lema'ri comical djina'ka, meneta'waken cloth kain command soe'roeh, pren'tah clothes pakean', pakaian' commandant pemeren'tah, cloud a'wan, me'ga, xnendoeng' komandan' clove tjengkeh' boe'nga la'wang commander ^hoeloeba'lang, clown ba'doet pangli'ma prang club (lodge) perbim'poenan, commerce da'gangan, pernia'gaan perko em'poelan commission (order) pesan' club (weapon) ga'da, pentoeng' commission (brokerage) komi'sie, clutch p^me'gang pol'mak coach kre'ta common me'mang, kaba'njakan coagulation of latex pema'sakan commotion mengha'roe-bi'roe, A ka ret ga'doeh coal a'rang ba'toe communicate ^memberi' ta'hoe coarse ^ka'sar communication pemberi'ta, coast pan'tai, pesi^sir, da'rat pemberi'an ta'hoe coat ba'djoe, djas (Java) ekot (Sing.) companion ka'wan, temen' coccyx ^toe'lang toeng'ging company (firm) kong'si, perse'roan cock a'jam djan'tan, dja'go company (guest) ta'moe cockroach ^li'pas, kak'kerlak compare ban'ding, menan'ding cocoa tjVHat compass (mariner's) pado'rnan cocoanut kla'pa compasses (pair) djang'ka cod oil liver mi'njak ham'pedas i'kan compel pak'sa, ga'gah, terpak'sa codicil tam'bahan soe'rat compensate gan'ti karoe'gian a, memak'sa compete berdoe'loe-doe'loean DICTIONARY 97

complain menga'doeh hal conquer menang', mereboef 2 complete tjoe'koep conscience ra'sa ha'ti, ang'an ha'ti complexion war'na moe'ka consent id'zin complicated koe'soet, soe'kar consequence dja'dinja, penga'bisan compliments ta'beh consider tim'bang, menim'bang compose ka'rang, menga'rang consolidate menjam'boengken, compound (of house) kam'pong mengoe'watken comprehend mengerti, her'ti consort (male) soewa'mi compress (bandage) ba'roet, dja'ram consort (female) permesoe'ri compress (close) ra'pet, ring'kes conspicuous menoe'soek ma'ta comrade ka'wan, temen', so'bat conspiracy ^bermoeafa'kat dja'hat concave constable ma'ta 2 lekok', lekok'an, , o'pas poli'si (Java) gerong'gang construct bang'oenan, perboewa'tan conceal semboe'ni consul wa'kil, koen'soel 2 conceited tjong'gah, o'lo , ko'tjak, consult berbitja'ra, min'ta na'sihat som'bong consumption (disease) penja'kit concept rang, rantja'na bela'seni', sa'kit ngeres' concession id'zin consumption (usage) ^pa'kai ha'bis, concerning a'kan, a'dapoen, fa'sal mengha'bisken concert (music) sega'la contact kon'tak, pendja'mahan boe'nji-boe'njian, moe'sik contagious berdjan'kit, menoela'ri A concert (harmony) moeafa'kat, contain moe'wat, i si, termoe'wat tjo'tjok contaminate ^mendjang'kit 7 conciliate menda'maiken, contempt hi'na, kedji membaik'ken contend ^la'wan

concubine kendak' contented poe'as ha'ti, seneng ha'ti condemn menghoe'koem, menjela' contents i'sinja 2 condiment boem'boe continent da'rat, benoea condition djan'dji, perdjan'djian, continual sela'loe, troes, senantia'sa pri hal continue meneroes'ken, dja'lan trees conduct (behaviour) kala'koean, contraband ba'rang gelap' ting'kah la'koe contract perdjan'djian conduct (lead) menghan'tar, contradict memban'tahi memba'wa contradiction ^ban'tahan conductor ^penghan'tar control er (government's) konterlir' 2 confess menga'koe conversation bitjara (Java), omong , confine menoe'toep, mena'hani kata, pertja'kapan (Sing.) confirm ^membenar'ken, menija'ken convert menton>atken confiscate ram'pas, meram'pas convert (to Christianity) conflict perban'tahan, bergeloet' menjera'niken conform satoe'djoe, moefa'kat convert (to Mohammedism) con front samoe'kaken, menis'lamken memban'dingken convert (to a new religion) confuse ^bing'oeng, ma'loe, ki'koek ma'soek aga'ma ba'roe congenital choel'ki, asli convoy penghan'ter, pengiring, congratulate ^memberi' sla'mat, konpoi ka'si sla'mat cook (person) kola, toe'kang ma'sak conjure^ soe'lap cook (verb) ma'sak conjuror penjoelap, toe'kang cookie kwdfo2 soe^lap cool ding'in, sedjoek', tedoefa' connect sam^boeng, menjamboeng coolie koe'li 98 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE copper temba'ga cover (to shut off) toe'toep, copra kela'pa kring menoe'toepken copy (written) toe'roenan cover (blanket) sli'moet copy (for printer) toela'dan tjap covet kepingln copying-Ink tin'ta tjap cow sa'pi, lemboe' coquet perlen'te coward pena'koet, o'rang tja'bar coral (rock in ocean) ka'rang crab ^kepi'ting, ketam' 2 r coral (beads) ma'ni , merdjan' crack retak , belah' coriander ketoem'bar cradle a'joenan, boea'jan cork (stopper) soem'pel, soem'bat, craftsman toe'kang perop' (Java) cramp s moe'les cork (material) ka'joe ga'boes crank (handle) peme'gangan corn dja'goeng crash han'tjoer, rneremoek'ken corner hoe'djoeng, pendjoe'roe crawl (on hands and knees) corporal ko'peral merang'kang, merang'kak corporation kong'si crawl (on stomach) mela'tak, corps (military) pasoek'an menjoe'loer corpse ma'jat crawl (ants, etc.) mera'jap corpus delicti tan'da boek'ti, crazy gi'la, e'dan f boeta'mal cream kapa'la soe soe (da'di) correct betoel' create menga'daken, bi'kin correspond (letters) ki'rim soe'rat Creator (God) Toeh'an All'ah correspond (agree) tjo'tjok, saroe'pa creature mach'loek, kadja'djian corrupt soe'wapi credit pioe'tang corset koe'tang, pengam'poe soe'soe creek ran'tau, telok' coryza pi'leg creeper (plant) poe'hoen mela'tak, cost har'ga ram'batan costume pakean' cremate pemba'karan mait cotton ka'pas crest djam'boel, djam'bak couch (European) bang'koe (Java), crevice lekah', rekah', bela'han kaus (Sing.) crew a'nakj pra'hoe (kapal), couch (native) ba'le2 man'troes cough ba'toek, berba'toek crib (to feed animals) pa'loengan, c o un cil di'wan tempat' ma'kanan count i'toeng, bilang cricket (insect) djang'krik, ri'ang2 counterfeit lan'tjoeng, ti'roean crime sa'lah, do'sa counterfeit (money) oewang' pal'soe, cripple (lame) pin'tjang, tim'pang oewang' lan'tjoeng crisis ^poe'toesan 7 country (state) negeri , ta'nah criticize rnengetjam'ken country (land) ta'nah, da'rat, benoe'a 'crochet mengga'it couple pa'sang crockery bang'sa petjah', courage bra'ni pi'rlng-mang'kok r course ^toe'djoe, a'rah crocodile boea ja court (of princes) asta'na, malizai, crook peni'poe, ma'ling kra^ton crooked beng'kok court (of justice) ma'djelis bitja'ra crop ^pero'lehan ha'sil, kloe'waran (penga'dilan), kot (Sing.) ta'nah courteous ta'hoe a'dat, bera'dat a'loes cross (to cross water) menjabrang' cousin kema'nakan 7 ,sapoepoe, cross (of wood) sa lib, pendepang' soeda^a sapoe'poe cross (sulky) mera'djoek cover (lid) toe'toep, toe'toepan crow (bird) gaok, boc'roeng ga'gak DICTIONARY 99

crow (of a cock berkeroe'joek, dagger (small) ba'dai2 kloe'roek daily sa'ban ha'ri, sa-ha'ri-ha'ri crowd (multitude) o'rang ba'njak, tiap 2 ha'ri kaba'njakan dam ga'lengan, bendoeng'an crowd (push in or out) damage karoe'sakan, roe'gi berkloem'poek, menga'pit, damn koe'toek, mengoe'toeki, menjerboe'ken hoe'koem, tjela' crown inakoe'ta, ta'djoe damp ba'sah, lembah' crude (oil) ka'sar, ma'si ko'tor, dance mena'ri, tan'dak, menan'dak belom' dja'di dancer (native girl) rong'geng, cruel bengis, dja'hat djo'get cruiser ka'pal pa'jir, (kroeis) dancer (Jav. court) serim'pi, beda'ja crush meremoek'ken, menghan'- dandruf ^klemoe^moer, ketoemrbai tjoerken danger beha'ja crutches toeng'kat kate'ak dangerous berbeha'ja cry (to weep) nang'is, menang'is dare bra'ni cry (to call out) betre'ak dark (no light) gelap', kelam' crypt la'had, lo'bang koe'boeran dark (of a colour) toe'wa cucumber keti'moen darling tjin'ta ha'ti

culprit bersa'lah darn ti'si, meni'si cunning bera'kal, tjeredik' date (time) tang'gal, ta'rich cup mang'kok date (fruit) boe'wah chorma (korma) curd da'di daughter a'nak pram'poean, poe'tri cure bi'kin baik, mengo'bati daughter (in-law) menan'toe curly (hair) krin'ting daughter (step) a'nakti'ri 2 currant kis'mis dawn diniha'ri, pa'gi current ha'roes, a'liran day ha'ri r curse (bad language) soem'pah, dead ma'ti, mening'gal doe nia, / bersoem'pah mening gal, mam'poes (fam.) curse (to curse someone) deaf toe'li mengoe'toeki, mela'natken dear (expensive) ma'hal curse (to be under a curse) kena' dear (loved) keka'sih tjela'ka death ma'ti, kama'tian, maut cursive (italics) soe'ratan debark naik da'rat berpang'koe debate bitja'ra, moesjawa'rat curtain (mosquito net) klam'boe debauch doeka'na, ri'sau, ti'da curtain (ordinary) ti'rai, ta'bir karoe'wan cushion ban'tal debit oe'tang r custody ^wala'jat, koewa'sa wa'li debris ^bekas , am'pas custom (habits) a'dat debt oe'tang custom (dues, duty) bea, tjoe'kai decapitate po'tong kepala, 7 cut (with knife) po'tong, memo'tong menedas cut (with scissors) goen'ting, decay dja'di boe'soek menggoen'ting decease ma'ti, mening'gal cut (engrave) mengoe'kir deceive ^ti'poe, meni'poe cymbals tjera'tjap decent pa'toet, bo'leh cypher ang'ka decide poe'toesken, mengfaanjisken deck (of a ship) ting'kat, getoe'mat deck (of cards) boe'koe dagger (ordinary native) kcris' declaration pewai/ta, pecha1>aran dagger (for women) pa'terem declare^ kafsi ta'hoe, 100 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE decline soe'soet, dja'di koe'rang dependable ^jang bo'leh di decolorize loen'toer pertja'ja decompose dja'di boe'soek, han'tjoer depilate tja'boet ram'boet decorate (give a medal) member!' deposit ta'roh, mena'roh bin'tang depot (of goods) goe'dang decoration bin'tang tan'da depot (of troops) pangkalan kahor'matan depot (railroad) stasion decree kapoe'toesan, ten'toean, depressed sedih', sedoe', soe'sah pren'tah ha'ti deduct po'tong, memo'tong depth dalamnja deed (act) perboewat'an depth bomb bom boeat mela'wan deed (document) soe'rat Jang sah ka'pal silam deep da'lem deputation pengi'rim, soe'roehan deer ki'dang, ki'djang, roe'sa derrick poe'teran defeat ka'la, mengoen'doerken derrick (boretower) ^mena'ra boeat defective roe'sak menga'li soem'ber mi'njak f d e fend melin doengken descend toe'roen defend (oneself) mela'wan, descent (ancestry) a'sal, bang'sa perta'hanken d e s crib e menerang'ken defendant o'rang Jang di dak'wa desert pa'dang goe'ron defer tanggoeh, tem'po desertion pela'rian, ming'gatan deformed beroe'pa boe'roek, deserve bero'leh, da'pet keretoet' desk ^me'dja toelis defy menga'tjoem-a'tjoem despair poe'toes ha'rep (a'sa) degradation toe'roen pang'kat desperado bang'sat Jang terla'loe degree pang'kat bra'ni delay lam'bat despite (notwithstanding) ^wala'kin, delegate wa'kil mas'ki, kenda'ti deliberate senga'dja, berbitja'ra, despot o'rang la'lim, pengania'ja mSnim'bang dessert ^tam'boel delight soekatji'ta, nik'mat destination niat, mak'soed, delirious ka'lap, gi'la-gilaan kahen'dak deliver ^memba'wa destitute mis'kin, mela'rat demand min'ta, menoen'toet destroy meroe'sak, menia'daken demented gila destroyer ka'pal terpe'do demobilize ^melepas'ken, detach ^boe'ka, lepas'ken mengo erai'ken detect da'pet ta'hoe, melihat' demolition karoe'sakan determine ^menen'toeken demon se'tan, sje'tan, anto, djin detonate meletos'ken demonstrate oen'djoek, detour dja'lan sim'pangan menerang'ken devastate ^membina'saken denounce memoe'toesken develop perkoeafken dense sesak', dem'pet, kerep' device oepa'ja r dented melekok', bekas' di tin des devil se'tan, sjai'tan, I'blis dentist toelsang gi'gi devoid tia'da poe'nja, ta'da devour ^menelan7 ma'kan dentition toem'boeh gi'ginja , devout salih, roe'biah, beriba'dat deny ^moeng'kir, menjang'kal dew emboen' depart ^berang'kat, pi'gi, pergi' diameter sengkang' depend bergan'toeng kapa'da, diamond ^in'ten berha'djat a'kan diaper po'pok, kain lam'pin DICTIONARY 101 diaphragm kempoeng', tje'tra disburse mengloe'warken, ba'jar djan'toeng discard boeang' diarrhea tjeret', men'tjeret, boewang' discharge ka'si lepas, melepas^ken a'jer en'tjer disciple moe'rid, pela'djar dice dadoe discipline sia'sat, atoe'ran, sah dictate berti'tah, menjoe'roeh disclose menja'taken, mela'hirken dictator pemeren'tah, Jang discolour loen'toer 7 dipertoe'wan discomfort soe'sah, penat , die ma'ti, mening'gal kasoe'karan differ berlain'an, berbe'da disconnect boe'ka, lepas'ken difference be' da, kalain'an discontinue bren'ti different lain discount po'tongan 7 difficult soe'sah, berat/, pa'jah discover da'pet ta'hoe, menemoe dig ga'li, mengga'li, mengeroek' discuss berbitja'ra, memitja'raken dike terbis', tam'bak galengan, disease penja'Ht, sa'Ht bendoeng'an disembark naik da'rat dilla'das disembowel ang'kat i'sinja proet dilute en'tjerken, mentje'werken disgrace moer'ka, ma'rah dim kelam' disguise menja'marken dimension oe'koeran disgust berdjemoe', enek', ben'tji diminish dja'di koe'rang disgusting hi'na, kedji' dimout menjoe'ramken, pengela'man dish piring, ping'gan dine ma'kan dislike geli', dji'dji, ben'tji dinner ma'kanan siang' dislodge mengoe'sir, mendja'oehken dip (to dip in dye) tjeloep' disloyal ^melang'gar wa'djib, doera'ka dip (in road) legok' dismiss ka'si lepas', bren'ti kredja' diphtheria sa'kit le'her disobedient na'kal, tiada mense'roet diploma si'djil disorder tia'da karoe'an, ha'roe ha'ra dipper (stars) bin'tang bi'dak dispel mengoe'sir, menMlangken direct (straight) teroes', lang'soeng, dispensary roe'mah o'bat oe'roes disperse petjah'-belah' direct (right away) lan'tas, sigerah' disposition prang'ai direct (to show the way) oen'djoek dispute perban'tahan direct (to give directions) disrobe boe'ka pakaian' menoe'djoe, memi'tar dissolve an'tjoer, loe'loe direction ^toe'djoe, filiak distance dja'oeh director ^pemeren'tah, direktor distinct ^terang', nja'ta, tla'hir dirigible (airship) ka'pal oeda'ra distinct (of voice) nja'ring dirigible (can be directed) bo'leh di distress soe'sah, kasoe'sahan dja'lanken distribute ba'gi2 7 dirt (unclean) ko'tor, tjemar , district moelrim, dis'trik kako'toran ditch a'loer, selo'kan, pa'rit dirt (earth) ta'nah dive-^seloeloep, menjelem' dirty ^ko'tor, boe'soek divide memba'gi, belah' disagree ^tida tjo'tjok division (army) ba'gian (pasoe'kan) disagreeable ta-sedap, soe'sah balatan'tra disappear hilang, lenjap' divorce (noun) pertjeral'an, tjerai, disappoint menetji'waken talak / disarm ang'kat sendja'ta divorce (verb) bertjerai , mengoe'rai 7 disaster tjela'ka besar , bela' ka'win disband ka'si lepas, memoelaii^en kepa'la 102 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE do bi1dn, boewat', kerdja' drav/ ta'rik do cil e lemah'-lemboet' drawers tjila'na da'Iem dock kalang'an, dok dread ta'koet doctor (European) toe'wan dok'ter dream mim'pi, mengim'pi doctor (Arab) ta'bib dredge (net) poe'kat, dja'ring, 7 doctor (Java) doe'koen ma jang doctor (Dr.) ha'kim dress pa'kaian o'rang pram'poean doctrine (of learning) il'moe drill (train) bela'djar, oesa'ha doctrine (of religion) iga'ma drill (for oilwells) pipa boeat document soe'rat katrang'an mengga'li soem'ber mi'njak dodge menjim'pang drill (bore) goer'di, dja'ra dog an'djing drill (boremaster) djoe'roe mengga'li doll bone'ka, a'nak-a'nakan drink mi'noem, sentap' dollar ring' git drive (to ride) dja'lan, naik, domain ta'nah kara'djaan menoeng'gang domestic f animal) bina'tang pia'raan drive (a car) soe'pir, pe'gang stir (dji'nak) driver (of a carriage) pe'gang les domestic (servant) boe'djang (ras), koe'sir (Java) domicile tempat' kadoe'doekan driver (of a motor car) soe'pir, (ting'gal) pe'gang stir dominate pren'tah mengam'poe drizzle geri'mis, oe'djan donate ka'si, memberi' rin'tik-rin'tik done soe'dah drone kom'bang donkey kal'dai drop (verb) ka'si djVtoh, don't djang'an mendja'tohken door pin'toe drop (noun) ti'tik, te'tes dot ti'tik drought kekring'an, kama'rau double rang'kep, li'pet drown ma'ti kale'lep, ma'ti doubt sjak, ti'da pertja'ja tenggelem' douche (shower bath) penji'raman, drowsy mengan'toek man'di bersi'ram drug o'bat dough tepoeng' ba'sah, ado'nan drum gendang', genderang', bedoeg' tepoeng' drumstick ta'boek gendang' dove (domestic) boe'roeng da'ra drunk (intoxicated) ma'bok dove (mourning) tekoe'koer dry kring dove (green wood) ka'tik, djo'an dry (to dry clothes) djemoer' dove (turtle) perkoe'toet duck be'bek, i'tik down (feathers) boe'loe ha'loes duct tjo'rong, saloe'ran down (below) diba'wa dud boeng'kem, tida bergoe'nji down (downward) kaba'wa dug-out lo'bang semboe'ni, 7 dozen lo'sin, doe'wablas pega'lian draft (for service) ma'soekken dull (not sharp) toem'poel, koe'rang draft (of a ship) da'lemnja, ta'djem ma'kannja a'jer dull (sleepy) mengan'toek draft (wind) ang'in dumb bi'soe, ga'goe draft (check) soe'rat toe'karan dump lem'par, melem'par, ham'pas 7 (berhar'ga) during sa-la'gi semanta'ra, sedang drag menje'ret, mengge'ret, dung ta'hi, ba'dja, gemoek', ra'boek mena'rik dungeon pendja'ra, pa'soengan si'boer2 dragon fly^ , tja'poeng duplicate toe'roenan f 2 drain soe'roet a'jernja duration ^Ia ma ,selama'nja, sela'loe DICTIONARY 103 durian doe'rian eclipse (noun) gerha'na dusk remang', ka'boer economic hi'mat, tia'da bo'ros dust a'boe, deboe', seresah' Eden (Paradise) firdaus duster (feathers) boe'loe a'jam, edge (of water) ping'gir, tepi, tebing' 2 boe'loe edge (of knife) ma'ta duster (brush) si'kat, boen'der edge (of cloth) ping'gir, tepi, bi'bir duster (cloth) kain a'boe edict peren'tah Dutch (general) Blan'da, welan'da educate ka'si a'djar, member!' Dutch (language) tja'ra (beha'sa) penga'djaran welan'da (blan'da) eel beloef Dutchman o'rang blan'da effect (result) dja'djinja duty wad'jib, kawa'djiban effect (to bring about) kerdja'ken dwarf o'rang ka'tai (tjebol', pen'dek) efficiency kapin'teran, kapan'daian dwell ting'gal effort tjo'ba dye (noun) tjat, tjet egg telor' dye (verb) tjeloep' eggplant te'rong dynasty a'sal, toe'roenan eggshell koe'lit telor' dysentery boe'wang a'jer da'ra, Egypt negeri' mesir', ta'nah mesir' mentjeret' da'ra eight dela'pan E eighteen delapan-blas eighteenth (fraction) 2 each ba'rang sa-o'rang, tiap , per-dela'pan-blas ma'sing2 eighteenth (ordinal) eager lo'ba, keping'in, gemar' ka-dela'pan-blas eagle radjawali eighth (fraction) ^per-dela'pan ear koe'ping, teling'a eighth (ordinal) ka-dela'pan 2 early (in the morning) pa'gi , siang' eightieth (fraction) early (in life) ma'sih moe'da per-dela'pan-poe'loe early (not late) belom' ka'sep, eightieth (ordinal) sedang' ka-dela'pan-poeloe early (in early times) tem'po doe'loe eighty dela'pan-poe'loe earn (wages) ma'kan oe'pah eject boewang', memboewang', (ga'dji, blan'dja) menoe'lak earn (obtain) da'pet elaborate deng'an sega'la earn (deserve) paha'la, dja'sa, ketrang'annja, menerang'ken kabak'tian elastic lemboet' kenjal' earnest soeng'goeh2 elbow si'koe earnest-money tjengkram', pan'djer elder (older) lebih' toe'wa ear ring an'ting 2 eldest pa'ling toe'wa, Jang toe'wa earth (soil) ta'nah elect (ion) pi'lifa, memi'lih earth (the world) boe'mi, doe'nia electric ^lis'trik earthenware pi'ring-mang'kok, element ba'gian bang'sa petjah' elephant ga'dja ease kaseneng'an, nik'mat elephant boy pa'wang ga'djah, east ti'mor, we'tan sara'ti East Indies ta'nah Hin'di (India) elephant hook koe'sa eastward kati'moer, menge'tan elephant hunter ^toe'kang easy gam'pang, moe'dah menang'kep ga'dja, boe'moer eat ma'kan, san'tap (pol.) elephantiasis oen'toet ebb soe'roet, soe'roet a'jer, tim'pas elephant's trunk ^boela'lai ga'djah echo gema% ra'ka, ga'oeng elevate ^naik, menaik'ken 104 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

7 elevation tempat' ting'gi engage (the enemy) berperang eleven sablas' engagement (betrothal) eleventh (fraction) per-sablas' bertoe'nangan eleventh (ordinal) ka-sablas' engine masien', mo'tor, beka'kas elf (gnome) koertja'tji, se'tan po'long engineers (general) insenoer elf (fairy) peri' engineers (military) sapir' eligible wa'djib, pa'toet England negeri' ing'gris eliminate hi'lang, menghi'langken English ^ing'gris elk mendjang'an, roe'sa Englishman o'rang ing'gris e 1 o p e ba'wa-la'ri engrave mengoe'kir, meloe'kis else (otherwise) ka'lau ti'da en j oy berso-e'ka-soe'kaan else (besides) la'gi enlarge bikin besar'an, membesar'ken elude mela'loei enlist ^ma'soek daf'tar, mendaf'tarken emaciate dja'di koe'roes enmity persetroe'an, bentji'an emancipate melepas'ken enormous bai'bat, besar seka'll, emasculate kebi'ri, mengebi'riken terla'loe besar' embargo sang'koetan, palang'an, enough sarn'pai, tjoe'koep ta'han enrage bi'kin ma'rah betoel' embark naik ka'pal (pra'hoe) enslave memperham'baken embarrass bi'kin maloe entangled koe'soet, ka'lam-ka'boet / embezzle mentjoe'ri, ma ling enter ma'soek emblem oepa'ma, iba'rat enterprise ^mentja'kap embrace (a person) memelok', entertain mendja'moe, tri'ma merang'koel entire seka'li, sa'ma-seka'li, ante'ro embrace (a religion) ma'soek aga'ma entrance pin'toe embroider menjoe'lam, menjoe'dji entrails isi proet embryo ma'ni entrenchment koe'boe, ben'teng emerald djam'roed envelop goeli'ling emerge kaloe'war envelope (for letter) toe'toep soe'rat emetic o'bat moen'ta environment dai'rah, dja'djahan emigrant o'rang jang pin'da ka lain envoy ki'riman, soe'roehan negeri' envy dengki' emolument ga'dji, traktemen' (Java) epidemy sam'par, penja'kit sam'par emperor mahara'dja, soesoehoen'an epilepsy a'jan, -sa'wan ba'bi empire kara'djaan equal sa'ma, saroe'pa employ pa'kal, ka'si kredja'an equally sa'ma djoe'ga empress permaisoe'ri equator ga'ris perteng'ahan doe'nia empty ko'song equip sedi'aken, lang'kap en circl e koeli'ling, mengoeli'lingi eradicate ^menoem'pes, ha'bisken enclose mengan'dang, mema'geri erect bedi'ri, bedi'riken en counter ^ketemoe' errand pese'nan, penjoe'roeh encourage a'djak, menga'djak, erroneous sa'la ka'si ha'ti eruption (of skin) koe'dis, koe'rap, end ^ha'bis, pengha'bisan, ko'reng kasoe'dahan eruption (of volcano) letoep', letos' endeavour^ tjo'ba escape la'ri, ming'gat enema semprot'an es cor t an'tarken enemy ^moe'soeh, la'wan es ophagus ^kerong'kongan enervate mema'pas, hilangken establish membi'kin, mendi'riken koewat'nja estate (inheritance) poesa'ka enforce ^kena', mengena'ken estate (plantation) kebon' DICTIONARY 105 estate (property) mi'lik ta'nah, experience pera'saan, bia'sa har'ta expert (noun) o'rang jang bi'sa ki'ra2 estimate tak'sir, , (ta'hoe) mengi'ra-ngi'ra expired (died) ma'ti, mening'gal estray kasa'sar expired (void) ti'da la'koe, soe'dah estuary koewa'la ma'ti et cetera dan saba'gainja explain ka'si ketrang'an, nia'taken eternity sela'ma-lama'nja, ba'ka, explode meletos', meletoep' kekal' explosion peletoes'an etiquette pan'tas, pa'toet, a'dat exploration ^peperik'-saan Eurasian (Sing.) sra'ni extend mele'barken, menjam'boeng Eurasian (Java) sin'jo (fam.) exterior diloe'warnja Europe benoe'a Ero'pa exterminate ^menoem'pes European (noun) o'rang benoe'a extinct soe'dah ma'ti Ero'pa, o'rang fering'gi extinguish boe'noeh, rnemboe'noeh evaporate mengoe'koes extradite menjerah'ken even (level) ra'ta extraordinary ^tela'loe a'mat, even (in numbers) genap' boe'kan^ even (adverb) pon extravagance boewang' blan'dja evening so're, petang' extreme penga'bisan ever salama'nja, sala'loe, pernah' extremities sega'la anggo'ta 2 2 2 every sa'ban , tiap , ma'sing eye ma'ta evict kaloe'warken eyeball bi'dji ma'ta evidence tan'da boek'ti, kasak'sian eyebrow kening', a'lis evil dja'hat, doera'ka eyeglasses ka'tja-ma'ta exact betoel' eyelash ^boe'loeh ma'ta 2 exaggerate boe'kan , terla'loe a'mat eyelid kloe'pak ma'ta examine prik'sa, memerik'sa eyes igh t pengli'hatan example tjon'to, toela'dan excavate ga'li, mengga'liken exceed melebih'i fable tjeri'ta* oepa'ma excellent baik seka'li fabulous does'ta, langka'ra except melain'ken face ^moe'ka excess terla'loe ba'njak facilitate bilzin gam'pang, exchange toe'kar, menoe'karken menggam'pangken excuse (verb) min'ta ma'af, oed'zoer fact perboewafan, kadja'dian execute (a sentence) menghoe'koem factor petor' execute (an order) dja'diken factory toe'kangan, pa'beriek (Java) exercise (of soldiers) berba'ris, fade (of color) loen'toer, toe'roen memba'ris warna'nja exercise (of rights) mela'koeken, fade (of flowers) la'joe mendja'lanken fade (in motion pictures) bero'bah exhaust bi'kin ko'song, fail (in business) dja'toh mengo'songken, mengha'bisken fail (no success) tia'da dja'di, ta exile (noun) o'rang boewang'an da'pet, woe'roeng expect menoeng'goe, menan'ti faint (swoon) ping'san expel kaloe'arken faint (weak) lembek', letdb' expendables (of troops in war) faint (taste) ta'war jang boleh di mengha'bisken, fair (just) ^pa'toet, a'dil jang mema'kai ha'bis fair (pretty) a'joe, ba'goes, e'lok expense bla'nja, ong'fcos (Java) fair (blond) poe'ti, koe'ning 106 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE fairy peri' favour (ordinary) ka'sihan, soe'ka fairy tale dong'eng, tjeri'tra favour (to do a favour) tan'da faith (religion) iga'ma kasoe'kaan faith (trust) pertja'ja fawn ki'dang moe'da fall dja'toh fear ta'koet false (money) pal'soe, lan'tjoeng feast sla'matan, dja'moean, fes'ta, false (wrong) sa'lah perdja'moean, ma'kan besar' false (character) keroh', djoe'das, feather boe'loe tjoe'las ha'ti February Februa'ri false (lying) bo'hong, ti'poe fee oe'pah, ba'jaran fame gah, poe'dji feeble lemah', lembek' familiar (in talking) be'ha, ka'rib feed ^ka'si ma'kan, mia'ra familiar (to know) kenal' feel bera'sa, ra'sa family (stock, lineage) bang'sa, feeler soeng'oet 2 koelawar'ga, ka'oem feetka'ki 2 family (household) i'si roe'mah, feint poe'ra a'nak-bi'ni fell (cut trees) tebang', menebang' famine bela' kala'paran, ketjelik' fellow temen', ka'wan famous kesoe'hoer, terna'ma, fellowship persakoe'toean, ma'sjhoer perse'roan fan ki'pas female (women) pram'poean fanatic moetacha'jil female (animals) ^beti'na, pram'poean far dja'hoe fence pa'ger fare (on a boat) toem'pangan, fender pa'pan rin'tik, ta'han ti'tik blan'dja ferment moe'wai, moen'toek fare (in a cab) se'wa fern pa'koe farewell (to one who departs) fe rry tam'bang sla'mat dja'lan fester poe'roe, bi'soel farewell (to one who stays) fetch am'bil, mengam'bil sla'mat ting'gal fever demem' farm kebon', pa'djak few sedi'Mt farmer o'rang ta'ni fib bo'hong, djoe'sta farther lebih' dja'hoe field (dry) ta'nah, pa'dang, la'dang fast (quick) tjepet', lekas, sigera' field (irrigated rice) sa'wah fast (tight) kentjSng', koewat', kras field (battle) me'dan fast (not eat) poea'sa fiend o'rang dja'hat fasten ^i'kat, mengi'kat fierce ^kras ha'ti, ga'rang fat (plump) gemoek', toem'boen fifteen ^li'ma-blas' fat (grease) ^lemak' fifteenth (fraction) per-li'ma-blas fathead gebleg', go'blog fifteenth (ordinal) ka-li'ma-blas father ba'pa, a'boe, a'jah fifth (fraction) per-li'ma father-in-law mertoe'wa fifth (ordinal) ka-li'ma 7 fatherland ta'nah-a'jar, negeri fiftieth (fraction) per-li'ma-poeloe sSndi'ri fiftieth (ordinal) ka-li'ma-poeloe fathom depa' fifty li'ma-poe-loe fatigue tja'pai fig ^boe'ah a'ra fatten ^menggemoek^en, fight (ordinary) berkela'hi menam'boen / fault salah fight (In war) berprang favour (from God and princes) fight (of cocks) sa'bong karoe'nia, anoegra'ha fight (boxing) mendjo'tos DICTIONARY 107 fighter (airplane) ka'pal oeda'ra firmament tjakrawa'la, oeda'ra, pemboe'roe lang'it figure (appearance) roe'pa, si'kap firman (order by God) fir'man figure (cypher) ang'ka, no'mer firman (order by prince) ti'tah, figure (calculate) i'toeng, sab'da, pren'tah mengi'toeng first berta'ma, no'mer sa'toe file (of troops) ba'ris first-born soe'loeng file (tool) kiTdr fiscal fis'kal, djaFsa file (record of papers) sim'pan fish (noun) i'kan 2 soerat fish (verb) ^pan'tjing i'kan, tang'kep fill i'si, mengi'si i'kan fill (full up) penoeh', memenoe'hi fishbone toe'lang (doe'ri) i'kan fill (satisfied) kenjang' fisherman o'rang tang'kep i'kan film (motion picture) gam'bar i'doep fish hook kail filter (noun) penoe'ras, pena'pisan , fishing tackle perka'kas tang'kep filter (verb) menoe'ras, mena'pis i'kan filth kc/tor, boe'soek fishline tali kail fin si'rip, ke'pet fish oil mi'njak i'kan final dibla'kang seka'li, fish pond em'pang pengha'bisan fissure lekah', belah' finances (treasury of country) fit genggem', kepel' oewang' negeri' fit (convulsion) sa'wan find (obtain) da'pet fit (suitable) ha'roes, pa'toet find (perceive) ra'sa fit (to make suitable) tjo'ba, finding (verdict) penda'petan menjo'ba fine (thin) ha'loes, ti'pis five li'ma fine (splendid) ba'goes, baik fix (repair) betoel'in, membenar'ken fine (powdered) loe'loeh, loe'mat fix (to settle) tetap'ken, tentoe'ken fine (penalty) denda' flag (noun) bande'ra finger dja'ri flag (verb) pa'sang (mema'sang) fingerbowl mang'kok tjoe'tji tang'an bande'ra 2 fingerprints ^tjitak djari flag staff ti'ang bande'ra finish ha'bisken, menjoe'dahken flame (noun) njala, H'da a'pi 7 finished soe'dah ha bis, soe'dah flame (verb) bernja'la, menjala Mar (Java) flame-projector (thrower) fire (noun) a'pi palem'paran a'pi (nja'la) fire (to fire a gun) pa'sang flank (side) si'si, sabelah' fire (to shoot) tem'bak, menem'bak flare berki'lat, goemir'lap fire alarm lon'tjeng kaba'karan flashMlat fire engine pom'pa flat (level) rata 2 2 firefly ^ka'nang, koe'nang , klip flat (mudbank) beting' fireplace da'poer flat (no taste) ta'war 7 firewood ka joe a'pi, ka'joe ba/kar Eat (tire) kempes' fireworks ^kembang a'pi, peta'san* flatter memboe'djoek mertjon' flatulent kemboeng', kelembooog' r flavour ra'sa fire worship penjembah' a pi flax ra'mi firm (association) kong'si flay koe'pas koe'lit firm (not loose) terilsat flea koe'toe firm (fixed) tegoeh^ flee la'ri koe'koefa fleet ang'katan ka'pal 108 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE flexible lemboet', lembek', Hat' footpath dja'lan ketjil', dja'lan flier toe'kang terbang', djoe'roe tero'bosan terbang' footrace perloem'baan flight (noun) la'ri, pela'rian footstool a'las (bang'koe) ka'ki sebab7 kra'na flight (to flee) la'ri, ming'gat for (because of) , flight (of stairs) tang'ga for (for the sake of) boe'at, a'kan, fling memban'dring pa'da, oen'toek flint ba'toe a'pi forage koem'poel bekal', ambil (bli) float ngam'bang, tim'boel ma'kanan, tjeha'ri ran'soem floatplane pesawat oeda'ra la'oet forbid la'rang, mela'rangken flock (of animals) ka'wan force (noun) koewat', ga'gah flock (of hair) keping' force (military) pasoek'an flock (of hay) djon'djot force (verb) pak'sa, keras'i flog poe'koel, ga'sak fore di moe'ka, di depan' flood ban'djir, a'jer bah forebode, forecast menenoeng', floor da'sar, lan'tai membilang ra'mal floormat ti'kar forefather ka'kek mo'jang flour tepoeng' forefootka'ki depan' flow mele'le forehead da'hi flower kembang', boeng'a foreign da'ri lain negeri' fluctuate bim'bang foreigner o'rang da'ri lain negeri' flue tjo'rong a'-sep foreman mandoer' fluent mele'le, en'tjer, tje'wer foremost jang pa'ling di moe'ka fluid ba'rang jang tja'ir forename na'ma da'ging flutter ki'bar, berki'baran forenoon ^pa'gi, ha'ri pa'gi fly (insect) la'ler, la'lat foreskin ^koeloep fly (verb) terbang' forest oe'tan, rim'ba, a'las foam (noun) boe'sa, boe'wih forester kapa'la belan'dong foam (verb) berboe'sa, berboc/wih foreword moekada'mat, pendoe'loean foe seteroe', moe'soeh forfeit hi'lang, loe'tjoet fog ka'boet forge (smith) da'poer toe'kang besi' fold (verb) li'pat, meli'pat forge (verb) (blacksmith) mema'loe, fold (for animals) kan'dang menem'pa fold (of cloth) la'pis, lepif forge (verb) (falsify) melan'tjoeng, foliage da'oen-da'oenan memal'soe follow ^i'koet, toe'roet forget loe'pa fond soe'ka ba'njak forgive ^memaaf'ken, kas'si am'poen food ma'kan, ma'kanan fork (to eat) gar'poe fool o'rang gi'la, o'rang bo'do fork (of a road) sim'pang foolhardy terlaloe brani, ankka'ra form (appearance) roe'pa foolish bo'do, sar'sar, ah'mak form (to make) boe'wat, bi'kin foot kaki fo rmat i o n sekoem'poelan football (verb) (native) se'pak ra'ga former jang doe'loe football (verb) (European) main formerly tem'po doeloe, doeloe poefbal ka'la formidable terla'loe a'mat, sang'et football (noun) (native) ra'ga fort, fortification ben'teng football (noun)(Europ.) bola ka'ki fortieth, (fraction) per-am'pat-poeloe footmark, footprint bekas' ka'ki, fortieth (ordinal) ka-am'pat-poe'loe tela'pakan ka'ki fortify ^koewat'ken, mengoewafken footmat se'ka ka'ki fortnight doe'wa ming'goe DICTIONARY 109

fortunate oen'toeng, sla'mat, na'sib fresh (water,not salt) ^ta'war fortune (riches) har'ta, kaka'jaan fresh (insolent) koe'rang a'djar forty am'pat-poe'loe fret soe'sah ha'ti, koewa'tir forward di moe'ka, di depan', Friday ha'ri djoemaHiat ma'djoe friend sobat, kaVan foster mother mak ang'kat fright ka'get, ta'koet foster father ba'pa ang'kat frigid ding'in foul ko'tor, tjemar', kedji', boe'soek frock-coat (suit) pakai'an ra'ja found (metal) toe'wang frog ko'dok, ka'tak foundation (source) a'sal, da'sar, from da'ri, daripa'da poTcok front (forward) moe'ka, depan' foundation (of building) ka'ki front (in war) dimoe'ka me'dan tem'bok, penga'lasan prang founder (verb) ka'ram, teng'gelSm frontage seblah' dimoe'ka foundling a'nak poeng'oet frontier wa'tes foundry paberik' toe'wang lo'gam froth ^boe'wih fountain pan'tjoeran a'jer, ma'ta frozen behoe' 2 a'jSr frugal iii'mat four am'pat fourt e en am'p at-blas fry (general) go'reng, menggo'reng fourteenth (fraction) per-am'pat-blas fry (in oil) merendang' fourteenth (ordinal) ka-am'pat-blas fry (without oil or grease) fourth (fraction) per-am'pat, pra'pat menja'njah fourth (ordinal) ka-am'pat frying pan penggo'rengan, wa'djan, fowl sega'la roe'pa boe'roeng2 koewa'H r fraction petjah'an fuel balsal a'pi, ma'kanan a pi, fracture pa'tah toe'lang ba'kal ba'karan fragment po'tongan fugitive paming'gat, o'rang la'ri frail ra'poeh, getas', lemes fulfill memba'jar, mela'koeken 7 frame ^rank'ka, ra'gangan, a'las full penoeh , tjoe'koep France ^negeri, peras'man (Java), fully samaska'K 2 negeri fran'sis (Sing.) fun main , kasoe'kaan frankly teroes'-terang' fun ction perboewat'an f fraud ti'poe fund po'kok oewang , mo'dal freak bertjela', keretoet' fundament (anus) pan'tat f free (to) melepas'ken, fundament (base) alas, da'sar, a sal memerdi'kaken funeral pengoe'boer free (free men) merdi'ka, bebas', funeral pile pantja'ka ich'tiar funeral train ^peri'ringan ma'jit free (no charge) persen', pri (Sing.) funnel ^tjo'rong r freebooter ^ba'djak funnel hole (bomb shelter) tempat freedom kamerdi'kaan, kabcbas'an semboe'nian jang ta'han pri'ok a'pi fre eze bekoe' fur koelit berboe'loe freight moea'tan furl godoeng French (language) baha'sa pras'man furnace (in home) da'poer (Java), baba'sa fran'sis (Sing.) furnace (smelting) relau' French (people) c/rang pras'man, furnish (supply)^ melang'kap, bri, tja'ra prans kas'si, tana'ba 2 furniture roe^niali frequently sering , seringka'li, perka'kas (serbaO kerep furrow aloer, ko'rdk fresh (new) ^b further leblV djalioe, djalioc la'gi 110 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

7 furthermore dan la'gi gas gas, oe wap, a'sep fury moerka, ma'ra gash loe'ka yang terboe'ka fuselage ba'dan (ra'gangan) gasoline ben'sien, ben'zin ka'pal terbang' gasp mengoe'wap futile tia'da bergoe'na, pertjoe'mah gate pin'toe besar' future ha'ri kamoe'dian, bla'kang gatekeeper pendja'ga pin'toe ka'li gather (to pluck) petik' gather (pick up) poeng'oet gather (assemble) koem'poel, gaff tjang'gah, pentjoe'tjoek berkoem'poel gag soem'pat, soem'pel gathering perkoem'poelan gaiety kasoe'kaan ha'ti gauge ta'keran, oe'koeran gain (profit) oen'toeng gauze ^kain ka'sa gain (to win), (business) berla^a, gay gi'rang, soe'ka ha'ti da'pet, oen'toeng gear djan'tera bergi'gi 2 gain (to win games or fights) geese gang'sa menang' gelding koe'da kebi'ri gait dja'lan, perdja'lanan gem perma'ta gale angln ri'boet general (common) aam, oe'moem gall am'pedoe, nja'li general (of army) djen'dral, gall bladder kan'doeng am'pedoe pahala'wan gall sickness penja'kit am'pedoe generally (often) ba'njak kali, gallstone ba'toe am'pedoe seringka'li gallery sela'sar, seram'bi generate ^bi'kin, boewat' galley (on a ship) da'poer ka'pal generous moe'rah ha'ti galloon pasemen' genitals fa'radj, kama'loean gallop (noun) tjong'kelang gentle haloes, lemboet' gallop (verb) bertjong'kelang gentleman ^toe'wan 2 2 gallows gan'toengan gently plahan , plan gamble main da'doe, berdjoe'dji genuine^ betoel', benar', sah, gambler toe^kang main, pendjoe^di soeng'goeh game (play) main, permain'an geography il'moe boe'mi game (animals) perboe'roean, germ (causing disease) ba'di r bina tang boe'roean germ (origin) a'sal, inoe'la gaming ^berdjoe'dji German (adjective)- dits, djerman' gang ka'wan, pa'soek German (noun) o'rang dits 7 gangster bang'sat, o'rang dja'hat (djerman ), o'rang blan'da goe'noeng gap (in battleline) teta'san, Germany negeri' dits (djerman'), pero^bong negeri' blan'da goe'noeng gape mengoe'wap, nganga gesticulate ting'kah la'koe garage tempat mo'bil, boea'tan o'to get (obtain) dapet, menda'pet garbage sam'pah, ko'toran get (fetch) am'bil, mengamnbil garble meroe'sakken geyser ma'ta a'jer pa'nas kebon' garden gherkin ti'moen ti'koes> keti'moen f gardener toeTzang kebon ketjil' gargle berkoe'moer ghost (spook) se'tan, an'toe r garlic ba'wang poe tih giant raksa'sa 7 garm en t pakaian gibbon (black monkey) sia'mang garret lo'teng gibbon (grey monkey) oe'wa2 garrison ^ka'wal negeri', gamisoen giddy ^poe'sing (pening') kejwt'la garter tali kaos (Java) gift ^pembri'an DICTIONARY 111

giggle keta'wa go (walk) dja'lan, berdjalan gild (noun) sepoeh' mas goat kam'bing gild (verb) menjepoeh' mas goblin ^han'toe, se'tan gill i'sang God Toe'han, Allah, Toe'han-AUah gin (beverage) so'pi, djene'wer goddess de'wi gin (cotton machine) penggilingan godown goe'dang ka'pas goggles ka'tja ma'ta berwar'na ginger dja'e, halia goitre begoek', gon'dok girdle ikat ping'gang, oe'det gold mas girl a'nak (boe'dak) pram'poean, goldsmith toe'kang mas ga'dis gonorrhea sa'kit kentjing', sa'kit girth (of harness) ta'li proet pram'poean give ka'si, beri, member!' gore tan'doek, menan'doek glad soeTsa ha'ti, seneng' good ^baik glamour si'lap ma'ta, pena'waran goose gang'sa glance (Hght) si'nar trang gooseflesh gelega'ta, koe'lit glance (a short look) sakedjap' ma'ta berki'kir gland klan'djer gorge (mountain pass) tjelah' glanders sa'kit ing'oes gossip ^mengo'tjoh' glare mengki'lat gourmand o'rang ra'koes glass (to drink) glas gout en'tjok glass (material) ka'tja govern ^pren'tah, memeren'tahken glass (mirror) ka'tja tjeremin' government pren'tah, goepememen', glass (spectacle) ka'tja ma'ta kom'peni glaze (noun) sa'loet, rengas' governor ^toewan goebemoer', glean poeng'oet toewan besar' glide (to) gelin'djir, mele'set governor-general toewan goebemoer' glider ka'pal terbang' (oeda'ra) djen'dral jang tida pa'keh mo'tor, ka'pal grade (rating, title) pang'kat mele'set (mela'jang) grade (quality) peri, kala'koean glimmering kanboer, si'lau grade (slope) toe'roenan, i'ringan 2 glimpse sakedjap' ma'ta gradual lama , perla'han-lalian glitter ki'lat, mengkilap graduate (from school) globe (round object) bola, boe'lat mengha'bisken sekola globe (earth) boe'lat boe'mi graft mengania'ja gloom soe'sah ha'ti, berdoe'ka-tji'ta grain bi'dji glorious moe'lia, moelia'wan grammar ^penga'djaran baha'sa f glory gah, poe'dji gramophone masien' o mong glossy mengkilap grampus i'kan loem'ba2 glove sa'roeng tang'an grand moe'lia, besar' glow ^menja'la grandchild a'nak tjoe'tjoe glue getah, perekat' grandfather ka'kek, da'toh f ne'nek glum bengis , ga'lak grandmother f glut kame'waan granite ba'toe besi', ba toe boe^it gnash (of teeth) mengeretaVken grant (noun) pembri'an granulate--menjemboeh*ken gnat ^remetoek', a'gas grape boe'wali ang'goer gnaw mengeraf grapple bergeloet' gnaw (of conscience) menjeseF gnome koertja'tji, se'tan polong grass (general) roem'poet, djoe^koet 2 go (go away) pi'gi, pcrgi' grass (tall prairie) ^aTang , lalang 112 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

mera 7 ba-ra7ba grasshopper ba'lang gropera'ba, 7 ka'sar grateful bertri ma ka'sih, oen'djoek gross (coarse) tee'kang tjc/mel sjoe'koer grouch (noun) 7 bertjVmel grater pa roed grouch (verb) 7 7ken ground (earth) ta nah gratify menjenang 7 7 sebab gratis, gratuitous pertjoe ma ground (reason) tan'da ketrang'an grave koe'boer, koe'boeran ground (proof) bersebab', grave (holy grave) kra'mat grounded (founded) 7 7 koe'boeran, betoel graveyard tempat 7 grounded (airplanes) Jang di ta nah pakoe'boeran 7 7 kli'kir tia'da sah (nja ta) gravel kri kil, kra'kal, ba'toe groundless gravitate soe'ka, naf'soe group koem'poelan 7 7 oe tan gravity (weight) berat , tim/bang grove 7 toem7boeh gravity (importance) penting grow (of plants) 7 tam'bah, dja'di gravy ka! doe, saus, kwah grow (to increase) 7 graze ma7kan roem'poet besar 7 7 7 7 o rang ta ni gemoek , lemak grower grease 7 7 menjentak great (large) besar growl menjeregan, 7 besar7 (maggot) hoe^t great (important) penting , grub 7 7 7 ma kanan great-grandchild tji tji, tjitjin da grub (food) 7 2 sa7kit ha ti great-grandfather mo'jang la'ki grudge 7 7 great-grandmother mo jang gruesome geli , gemetar' 7 7mel pram'poean grumble bersengoet , menjo 7 7 greed lo'ba, ta'ma guarantee tang goengan, tja garan 7 green (color) i'djo guard dja ga 7 7 green (newcomer) o'rang ba roe guava djanVboe bi dji 7 7 7 7 greet (verb) ka si tabik, memberi guerilla geri la, prang ketjil k 7ra2 salam, menjembah' guess (noun) , sang'ka 7 7 greeting (noun) ta bik, salam, guess (verb) meni ra, menjang'ka 7 7 sembah7 guest dja moe, ta moe greffier penjoe'rat hoe'koem, gri'pir guidance penga'pit, penghan^ter 7 grenade ploe'roe a'pi, peri'joek a'pi guide (noun) pengan djar, grey (general) kela^oe pengoen'djoek 7lan grey (of hair) poe'tih guide- (verb) oenMjoek dja r r 7 7 / grief soe sah ha'ti, doe ka guilder roepi a, pe rak, ring git 7 grill pang gang djVwa (Sing.) 7 grim bengis7 guilt, guilty sa lah 7 grin mering'is, mengenjoet gulch djoe'rang / telok7 teloek' grind gi'ling, menggi ling gulf , 7 7 7 roek grip penang kep, peme gang gulp menja'plok, mentja 7 7 gripe (disease) sa kit proet, gum getah / moeles proet gums goe si 7 7 grisly geli gumption, gumptious' tjeredik 7 7 7di gristle toe lang moe da trang boe 7 7ta grit (of rock) an'tjoeran ba toe gun (general) sendja a'pi 7 7 sena7 terkoel grit( of rice) ^menir gun (rifle) bediT, pan, 7 7 7 groan mengerang gun (pistol) pis tol, kestoel grocer Iangga7nan gun- (revolver) pistoel poe'teran, 7 7 groin ^koen'tji pa'ha, kepala pa ha repo! per 7 groom toe'kang koe^da, sais (Sing.) gun (cannon) meri am 7 groove a^oer, ko/rok, lo'bang gun (swivel cannon) li !^ ranta^a DICTIONARY 113 gun (blunderbuss) sena'pan half-brother soeda'ra ti'ri pemoe'ras half-dead seteng'ah ma'ti, pa'ja gun (for hunting) sena'pan half-hearted berdoe'wa djenis', perboe'roean ban'tji gun (double-barreled) sena'pan half-way teng'ah dja'lan kembar' (pengan'ten) hall (large room) balai'roeng gunny-bag ka'roeng goe'ni hallucination silap ma'ta gun powder o'bat bedil', o'bat halo (of moon) pa'ger boe'lan pa'sang halt! berhen'ti', bren'ti! gunwale roe'bing halter senta'dji gush menjemboer', meletoep', halve ba'gi doe'wa moen'toek ham ^pa'ha, ham gusher (oil well) ma'ta-min'jak hamlet kam'poeng ketjil', doe'koeh gust ang'in kentjeng' hammer mar'til, poe'koel he's!, gut oe'soes, i'si proet pemoe'koel gutted menem'bak sam'pai roe'boeh hammock ^tempat' ti'doer a'joenan gutter saloe'ran, pan'tjoeran hamper ^kran'djang, ba'koel gypsum ka'poer ba'toe hand ^tang'an gyrate (of stars) beri'dar handbag kerpek', ko'por ketjil' gyrate (general) memoe'sar, (Java) mengi'tar handbarrow kre'ta so'ipng handcanter tjong'kelang H handclasp ^mendja^Dat (ka'si) habit (custom) a'dat, bia'sa tang'an habit (equestrian clothes) pa'kaian handfast (promise) tam'par tang'an naik koe'da handful geng'gem, seditit habitation kadoe'doekan, kadiam'an hand grenade ^pri'ok lem'par, pe'lor habitual biasa'nja a'pi lem'par hack (sword wound) tetak', pa'Ioe handgrip pe'gangan hack (other wounds) loelsa handicraft pakerdja'Sn, pengga'otan hack (old horse) koe'da toe'wa handkerchief sa'poe tang'an, stang'an (gela'dak) handle (noun) pe'gangan hack (to cut in pieces) tjin'tjang handle (verb take care of) hackney (carriage) kre'ta se'wa mendja'bat hacksaw grega'dji besi' handle (verb touch) mendja'mahi haft (general) pe'gangan handsaw gerga'dji ketjil' haft (of a sword) faoe'loe handscrew dom'krak ha-ggard ma'ta lekok' handsome ka'sep, tjan'tlk, ba'goes, hail (verb) menjeroe', pang'gil hail (frozen raindrops) hoe'djan handspike penoe'was, pengoeng'kil ba'toe (a'jer bekoe') handwriting ^toelisan, soe'ratan hail shot pelor a'pi Jang meletos' handy (nearby) sedi'a hair (human) ram'boet handy (smart) tjepat', pan'tas, hair (of animals) boe'loe tja'kep hairbrush si'kat ram'boet hang (to suspend) gan'toeng, hairdresser toe'kang ram'boet menggan'toengken hair pin tjoe'tjoek kon'dai hang (to be suspended) bergan'toextg, (sang'goel) tergan'toeng halcyon (kingfisher) boe'roeng hangar goe'dang ka'pal terbang' oe'dang, ra'djah oeMang hangman algoMjo, pelaba'ja half teng'ah, sateng'ah, sepa'ro happen dja'di, peristFwa 114 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE happy sela'mat, senang', hay roem'poet kring tiba2 beroen'toeng hazardous , harass bi'kin soe'sah, mengoe'sik sakoen'djoeng-koen'djoeng ka'boet harbour pela'boean, moewa'ra, haze, hazy oe'wap, koewa'la he dia, ia hoe'loe hard (to the touch) kras, tegar' head kapa'la, sa'kit hard (difficult) soe'sah, soe'kar headache kapa'la hard (hard-hearted) kras ha'ti, headgear toe'doeng, to'pi, kepa'la ba'toe toe'toep kapala hard cash kon'tan kras headhandkerchief i'kat kapa'la, harden bi'kin kras, mengeras'ken stang'an kapa'la hardly ba'roe, ba'roesan, seren'ta headhunting menga'jau hardship kasoe'karan heading kapa'la 2 bSsar' hardware ba'rang besi', peka'kas headlamp (light) lam'poe besi' headline ala'mat hardwood ka'joe kras headman man'dor kan'tor besar' hare kawe'loe, kelin'tji headoffiice harelip bi'bir som'beng headquarters tempaf kadoe'doekan 7 h arem mali'gai kepala perang , poetjoek harlot soen'del, lon'te, prain'poean pimphian dja'hat heal menjemboeh'ken harm roe'gi, karoe'gian health se'hat, segar', nja'man harness (for horses) pa'kaian koe'da heap ^toem'poekan, tam'boen harness (for other animals) hear deng'ar, mendeng'ar mait pa'sangan hearse kare'ta (ma'ti) ha'ti harp ketja'pi heart (anatomical) djan'toeng harpoon (noun) seram'pang, heart (seat of feeling) ha'ti seroe'wit heart (of timber) teras', ha'ti harpoon (verb) menjeram'pang, heartbeat debar' ha'ti, dero'dok ha'ti meajeroe^wit heartbreak sa'Ht ha'ti,doeka-tji'ta harsh kras, bengis' heartburn sa'kit hoe'loe ha'ti ha'ti harvest pero'lehan ha'sil, poeng'oetan heartlifting- menggambi'raken r ha'sil perta nian heartrending mengi'ris ha'ti harvest feast sedekah' boe'mi heartspoken da'ri dalem ha'ti hash tjam'poer a'doek hearty deng'an soeng'goeh ha'ti haste tjepat', goe'poeh, lekas' hearth (fireplace) da'poer 2 hasty sigerah', tjepat'an, goe'poeh hearth (household) roe'mah tang'ga hat (European) to-pi, kop'jah heat pa'nas, soeh 2 tan'das hat (native) toe'doeng, trenMa heath ta'nah a'ra , pa'dang hatch (verb) mengerem' heathen orang ka'fir hatchet kam'pak heave a'loen, geloem'bang hate bentji' heaven (Paradise) sor'ga, soewar'ga haughty ^ang^koeh, besar/ ha'ti heaven (sky) lang'it, tjakrawa^a haunted ^berhanftoe heavengate pin'toe sor'ga r have (to possess) a da, poe'nja heavy (fight) he'bat have (to obtain) da'pet, beroleh heavy (weight) beraf havoc ^karoe'sakari hedge pa'ger 2 lan'dak hawk alap , helang' hedgehog ketjil' hawk-nosed i'doeng man'tjoeng heed ing'at hawse oeloep heel toe'mit, toeng^kak 7 ^tali hawser besar , tali djang'kar heifer lemboe' (sa'pi) moe'da DICTIONARY 115

height ting'gi, ting'ginja high-sounding ko'tjak, ka'tjak, heinous hai'ban ,boe'soek a'mat bang'ga heir wa'ris highway dja'lan besar', dja'lan o'to, heirloom ba'rang poesa'ka, har'ta dja'lan ra'ja poesa'ka hilarious gi'rang, soe'ka ha'ti heirship hak poesa'ka hill boe'kit, a'nak goe'noeng hell djehen'nam, nara'ka hillyberboe'kit-boe'kit hell cat pram'poean bengis' hilt peme'gangan, hoeloe helm tang'an kemoe'di him dia, ia helmet keto'pong hind bla'kang, jang bla'kang sekali helmsman djoeroemoe'di hinder ^mengang'goe, mema'langi, help toe'loeng, ban'toe ta'han hem ping'gir, kelim' Hindu o'rang hin'doe hemp gan'dja, ra'meh hinge eng'sel, sendi' hen a'jam beti'na hint (noun) isja'rat, tan'da hen roost kan'dang a'jam hint (verb) menjin'dir hence daripa'da i'ni hip pang'kal pa'ha henceforward dibla'kang ka'li hipbone toelang pa'faa her dia poe'nja hippocampus oendoek2 herald banta'ra hire (rent) se'wa, penje'waan herb (wild) roem'poet, da'oen hire (for wages) oe'pah, ga'dji herb (medicinal) da'oen o'bat his dia poe'nja 2 herb (spices) boem'boe hiss mendesar', bersi'oel herd ka'wan history hika'jat, tjeri'ta here disi'ni, si'ni hit (with hand) tam'par, ta'bok, hereabout (s) a'tas-i'ni, tentang' i'ni tempi'ling hereafter sasoe'dahnja ini hit (with fist) go'tjo, djo'tos her eat deng'an i'ni hit (with stick) poe'koel, han'tem hereby deket' i'ni hit (with sword) sa'bet, ba'tjok herein dida'lern i'ni hit (contact) kena', menena'ken heretofore doe'loe, dehoe'loe ka'la hitch (a horse) pa'sang, mema'sang hereditary ^ba'ka, mendjang'kit hitchhike ^menoem'pang naik o'to heritage poesaka hitching-post tiang boe'at i'kat hermetic (al) tertoe'toep, ra'pet koe'da hermit o'rang berta'pa, bega'wan hither kama'ri, marisi'ni hernia ^boe'roet hive roe'mah ta'won hero o'rang bra'ni hoard sim'pen, koem'poel, hesitate bim'bang, kaba'ta-ba-taan mengoem'poelken liiccough sedoe' hoarse serak', pa'rau, ga'roe hide (skin) koe'lit hoax^ ^menipoe, main gila hide (to conceal) semboe'ni hobnail pa'koe besi' ka'ki koe'da 7 hideous kageli'an, djelek sekaOi hoe (general) pengo'rek, soe'doek higgle klon'tong, djoe^wal hoe (native)--pa'tjoel, tjang'koel batri berkoeliling hog hogshead le'ger, tong besar', pi'pa high ting'gi hoist (noun) ka'pi, kere'kan highland ta'nah ting'gi (oe'dik) hoist (verb) ta'rik kaa'tas, naik^m a highness (to reigning prince) (Bat.) toe'wankoe hoist (a flag) pa'sang bande'ra highness (to a native prince) hold (of a ship) tim'ba roe'waiig, teng'koe paroet 116 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE hold (grip) pe'gangan hoop sim'pai, ka'soet hold (to grasp) pe'gang, meme'gang hooping-cough ba'toek redjan' hold (to keep) talian, mena'han hope ha'rep, mengha'rep hold (hold your tongue) diam, hopeless poe'toes a'sa (pengha'- berdiam repan) hold (hold up) mendjoe'wak, naik'in horde ka'wan hold (embrace) mengam'poe horn (animals) ^tan'doek holdup (by robbers) melang'gar, horn (rhinoceros) tjoe'la menjerang' horn (blow instrument) selom'pret, hole lobang, Hang terom'pet holiday ha'ri besar', ha'ri ra'ja hornbill ^boe'roeng eng'gang Holland negeri' blan'da hornblower toekang selom'pret hollow (cave) goe'ha, rong'ga hornet (horsefly) la'lat kebo', la'ler hollow (not solid) ta'da i'si koe'da, pikat hollow (in a road) lekok', hornet (wasp) teboe'an, ta'won gerong'gang endas' holster sa'roeng pis'tol horologe erlo'dji holy (general) soe'tji, koe'does horoscope nadjm, ra'mal holy (Holy Spirit)roh' oelkoe'does horrible mena'koeti holy (Holy War) prang sa'bil Allah horror geli', ngeri' homage sembah', hor'mat horse koe'da homage (to render) menjembah'ken horseback (on) toeng'gang* koe'da, home roe'mah tang'ga berkoe'da homebound (-ward) poelang, horsecloth seli'moet koe'da ka roe'mah horseclothing ^pa'kaian koe'da homeland tempat' dja'di horse emmet kerang'ga, rang'rang homemade bitin sendi'ri, horseflesh da'ging koe'da perboewat'an sendi'ri horsefly pi'kat, la'lar koe'da hom esi ck rin'doe-dendam' horsehair ram'boet (boe'loe) koe'da ka-negerl'nja horselaugh keta'wa ka'sar homicide pemboe'noehan horseplay bertjan'da, bermain'-main' honest toe'loes, baik, boleh di horserace berlom'ba koe'da pertja'ja horticulture ^peroesa'haan kebon' honey ^ma'doe hose (garden hose) saloe'ran, pleting' honeycomb sa'rang ma'doe, hose (stockings) sa'roeng kaki in'doeng ma'doe hospital roe'mah sa'kit honeysuckle boe'nga pala host pendja'moe honour hor'mat sembah', kamoe'- hostage san'dera, ta'hanan liaan hostile moe'soeh, la'wan honourable deng'an hor'mat, moelia'- hot (warm) pa'nas wan, terhor'mat hot (to taste) pedes' hood (of automobile) toe'toep mo'tor hot (burning wound) perih', pedih' hoodwink menoe'toep ma'ta deng'an hothead o'rang lekas' ma'rah (ha'ti kain pa'nas) hoodoo penggo'da, djin hotchp otch tjam'poeran hoof koe'koe hotel ^roe'mah ma'kan, tempat' hook (general) ^kait, gait, gait'an menoem'pang hook (elephant-goad) koea'sa hour djam, poe'koel hook (iish) ma'ta kail house (general) roe'mah hooligans bang'sat, o'rang dja'hat house (home) roe'mah tang'ga DICTIONARY 117 house (European brick) gedong' hush' diam'! housebreaking teta'san roe'mah husk (general) koe'lit household i'si roe'mah husk (rice and grains) koelit sekam' housekeeper njai, goen'dik husk (coconut) tempoe'roeng, ba'tok, housemaid ba'boe sa'boet housewife bi'ni, is'teri hussar hoe'sar, legon'der hovel (for cattle) sengkoe'wap hut (general) roe'mah ketjil', pon'dok hover berla'jang-la'jang hut (in rice fields) goe'boek how pegima'na, bagaima'na, ma'tjem- hut (on a ship) pe'tak, koe'roeng ma'na (Sing.) hydrophobia gila an'djing however wala'kin, teta'pi, a'kan hydroplane pesa'wat oeda'ra la'oet teta'pi hydrops(y) penja'kit boe'soeng howsoever bagaima'na, beta'pa hydrovane ^kemoe'di ka'pal menjelem' howitzer meri'am peri'oek a'pi, hygiene il'moe kasegar'an meri'am ko'dok hypochondria ^moe'roeng, ketjil' ha'ti howl (of wind) ri'boet hypocrite o'rang moena'fik howl (of dogs) mengeng'keng hypo gastric ba'gian proet jang di hub lengker' sabelah' ba'wa hug plok, da'kap hull ba'dan pra'hoe (ka'pal) hum berdengoeng', menderoe' I (general) sa'ja, a'koe human manoe'sia, in'san, o'rang I (polite) ham'ba, ham'ba toe'wan humane moe'rah ha'ti I (Batavia) sa'ja, goe'wa (fam.) humble rendah' I (Javanese, used in East Java, and by humble (oneself) merendah'ken di'ri soldiers) a'koe (fam.) humbug ti'poe, ki'tjan I (Sumatra) sa'ja, H'ta, ka'mi humid ba'sah, demek' I (Sing.) saha'ya, ki'ta, kami humiliate menghi'naken ice a'jer ba'toe (bekoe'), es humour a'dat, perang'ai icebird boe'roeng-oedang, ka'ker- hump (human) bong'kok derdar7 (New Guinea) 7 hump (animal) poe'noek iceboat (-breaker) sko'tji membong - hunchback bong'kok kar a'jer ba'toe hundred ra'toes icebound menoe'toep pa'da a'jer hundredth (fractional) per-sa-ra'toes ba'toe hundredth (ordinal) ka-sa-ra'toes icecream es, es da'di, es poe'ter hundredweight (100 Ib.) pi'koel icewater a'jer es hunger la'par iconolator (image worshipper) o'rang hungry ^la'par, kala'paran menjembah' berhala hunt (noun) pemboe'roean iconolatry persembah'an berha'la r hunt (verb) boe'roe, memboe rae icteric (jaundice) sa'kit koe'ning hunter pemboe'roe icy terla'loe (tera'mat) ding'm hurl (verb) membanMering idea pitdran, sang^a. hurricane ^to'fan, ang'in ri'boet identical samadjoe'ga hurry tjepat', lekas, goe'poeh idiot o'rang gi'la hurt (wounded) loeOfea idle ta'da kredja', malas hurt (insult) mema'loeken idol berhala, pa'toeng hurt (pain) saint idolater o'rang mettjembah' berhala hurt (loss of value) roe'gi idolatry p&ijemba'hatt berfaala hurtle menga'moek if kalatt, djika'lau, dji'ka husband la^d, soea'mi ignite menjala, mema'sang 118 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE ignition penja'laan, pemba'karan impede mema'langi, ta'han, sang'koet listrik impenetrable ti'da bo'leh ma'soek, ignoramus o'rang bo'do (geblek') tia' da terdoe'ga ignorance kabo'doan, kabebal'an imperative terti'tah, pren'tah kras ignore la'loe, H'wat, meli'wati impersonate ^membi'kin seperti' iguana bia'wak, menja'wak o'rang lain ilium (hipbone) toe'lang pa'ha implicit diam', deng'an berdiam' (pang'kal pa'ha) implore memoh'on, memin'ta ill saint impolite ^ta-ta'hoe a'dat illegal tia'da ha'lal, melawan hoe'- import (business) ba'wa ma'soek koem import (interest) penting', goe'na illegible ti'da bo'leh di ba'tja important bergoe'na, boe'kan kapa'- illegitimate (bastard) a'nak soen'del, lang ha'ram dja'da import duty be'a pema'soekan ba'- illiterate ti'da bi'sa toelis dan ba'tja rang illuminate menerang'ken impose soe'roeh, menjoe'roeh illusion si'lap, si'lap ma'ta imposition (taxes) be'a, pa'djek, tjoe'- il lus trat e menerang'ken kai (Sing.)j boe'nga (Sum.) illustrious bangsa'wan, moe'lia impossible ta-bo'leh, tia'da bo'leh image iba'rat, oepa'ma dja'di imagine sangTca, a'gak impossible 1 (exclamation) ma'na bo'- imitate meni'roe, toe'roet leh! moesta'hil! immaculate tia'da berketjela'an imposter o'rang berda'lih, poera2 immaterial tia'da ferdoeli, traper- impotence (cy) (general) tia'da doe'li berkoewa'sa, koe'rang koewat' immature ^mentah', mengkel', belom' impotence (cy) (sexual) peloeh' ma'tang impound (freeze) ta'han, mena'han immediate (ly) lan'tas, seka'rang impound (confiscate) ^ram'pas, djoe'ga (ini) meram'pas immense kekal, tera'mat, besar' impoverish, (strong) ^mendja'rah, sekaOi menhi'sap immigrant o'rang lain negeri' Jang impoverish (general) ^mema'paken, da'teng berdoe'doek memla'ratken immobile ^tia'da bergerak' impracticable ^tia'da bo'leh di kerdja'- immodest koe'rang a'djar, tja'boel, ken doeka'na impregnable ta-bi'sa ma'soek, tia'da immoral soem'bang, tjandala bo'leh di mengalahken immortal ^kekal', ba'ka impress ^menera', tjap immovable tia'da bi'sa bergerafc' impression (mark) bekas', ti'kas, immune (from disease) tia'da bi'sa lekok' da'pet penja'kit impression (figuratively) ma'soek imp koertja'tji, se'tan po'long didalem ha'ti impact kena' imprison (general) tang'kep, imparity ^tia'da sa'ma menang'kep impartial toe'loes ha'ti imprison (in war) mena'wan impassable tia'da terham'piri, ti'da improbable ^moestah'il, malial boleh di li'watin langka'ra ^tia'da bera'sa impassive improper ^ta-pa'toet (pan'tes), tia'da impatience (t) ^koe'rang sa'bar baik impeach mendak'wa, menoe'doeh improve membaik'i, membetoel'ken DICTIONARY 119 impudent moe'ka tebel (papan),ti'da inconsiderate koe'rang ing'at ma'loe inconsistent ti'da bo'leh dja'di, boe'- impulse terbit' da'lem ha'ti kan2 impunity tia'da bo'leh di hoe'koem inconspicuous ketjil, ta-kabi'langan in di, dida'lem, dalem, pa'da, ka incontinent (general) doeka'na, inability ti'da bi'sa tjandala inaccessible tia'da terham'piri incontinent (of a woman) bersoen'- inaccurate koe'rang (tia'da) betoel' del, menjoen'del (baik) inconvenience kasoe'sahan inadequate tia'da tjoe'koep incorporate mema'soekken, tam'bah inasmuch da'ri sebab', karena' pa'da inaugurate menta'balken increase (noun) tam'bahan, kelebih'- incalculable tia'da terki'ra-M'ra an incandescent me'rah, menja'la increase (verb) bertam'bah-tam'bah, incandescent light (bulb) lam'poe djadi besar' (lebih, ba'njak) 2 lis'trik incredible boe'kan , tia'da boleh di incantation man'tera, djam'pi ar'tiken incapable tia'da bi'sa incriminate menoe'doeh, menja' incarcerate menoe'toep da'lem pen- lahken dja'ra, memboe'wi incubate menetesken incarnation pendjelemaan incubator pesa'wat mengerem' incendiarism memba'kar, menoe'noe incur kena', da'pet incendiary pemba'kar, penoe'noe incubus (nightmare) bHang7 malem incendiary-bomb peri'joek a'pi, pe'lor incurable tia'da tero'batken a'pi incursion ^meram'pas, meram'pok incense menjan', doe'pa, stang'gi indebted ^beroe'tang incest soem'bang indecent tia'da pan'tes, ti'da pa'toet 7 inch dim (Java), intji (Sing.) indecisive belom' tentoe oe'- 2 inch rule (yard stick) ka'joe indeed soeng'goeh , sabenar'nja, koeran, dimdim/an memang (Bat) incident kadja'dian, perista'wa indefensible tia'da boleh di ta'han 7 incineration (cremation) pemba - indefinite ^ti'da tem'toe karan mait indelible -tia'da bo'leh di hilangken incipient moelai', perta'ma indemnification pergan'tian karoe'- incise mSnc/rih, mengoeldr gian incisor gi'gi sa'ra indemnity pergan'tian karoe'gian inclination (wish) soe'ka ing'in, independent (cy) bebas', merdi'ka kahendak ha'ti indescribable -tia'da tersi'fatken inclination (slope) toe'roenan, (terki'ra-ki'ra) i'ringan index (finger) dja'ri teloen'djoek incline (bent over, bow) toen'doek, index (contents) daf'tar i'sinja boe'- ang'goet koe inclose menoe'toep India negeri' In'dia (Hin'di) inclosed (in a letter) tertoe'toep, indicate oen'djoek, menoen'djoek terii'pat indict ^menoe'doeh, mendai/wa include ma'soek, tamfbah indifferent tia'da ferdoe'B, traper- incombustible ^tia'da boleh di ba'kar doeli

income ga'dji, belan'dja, a'sil indigenous tja'ra a'nak negri' incomparable tia'da berban'ding indigestion-^tia'da baik tjerna' 7 incomplete- koe'ranfe tia'da genap indignant faang'at lia'ti 120 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE indigo (dye) ni'la inflater (tire pump) pom'pa sepe'da indigo (the plant) ta'roem, torn (ban) indiscreet koerang a'djar inflation (of prices) kelSbih'an, indispensable moe'sti, ti'da bo'leh penaik'an ti'da inflict (a fine) mendenda' koewa'sa indisposed sa'kit, ti'da e'nak ba'dan influence 2 indisputable tia'da terban'tahken influenza sa'ki toe'lang (ba'dan) indistinct koe'rang terang' inform ka'si ta'hoe, memberi' in dividual sendi'ri katrang'an indolent male's, tjoe'las information katerang'an indomitable tia'da terta'han, tia'da informer ^penoe'doeh bo'leh di pren'tahken in fringe melang'gar indoors di da'Iem roe'mah infuriate ma'rah seka'li, moer'ka induce mendja'diken ingenious tjeredik', pin'ter indulge member!' ha'ti, menoe'roet ingot ^ba'tang maoe'nja ingraft (inoculate) tjang'kok, industrious ra'djin, oe'saha menjsin'kok inedible tia'da bo'leh di ma'kan ingredient baha'gian, bagman' sia2 ineffective , pertjoe'ma inhabit doe'doek, diam' ineligible tia'da bo'leh memi'lih inhabitant (s) a'nak (a'wak) negeri' inevitable moesti, tia.da bo'leh tia'da (boe'mi) inexcusable tia'da boleh di am'poeni inhale ma'soek na'fas, berna'fasken inexpensive moe'rah inherit menda'pet poesa'ka infamous terna'ma kedji' inhuman bengis', dja'hat infancy kamoe'daan initial ^perta'ma, permoela'an infant ka'nak2 a'nak , ketjil' inject semperot', menjemperot' infantry ba'risan, solda'doe berdja'- injure meroe'giken, loe'ka lan ka ki injury roe'gi, soe'sah, loe'ka infect mendjang'kit, melam'par ink tin'ta, da'wat infection toe'lar pendjangTdtan ink blot no'da tin'ta 2 infecundity (of women) man'doel, inkfish (small) tjoemi , i'kan noes ga'boek inkfish (big) goeri'ta infecundity (of animals) ma'djir inkstandtempat' tin'ta (da'wat) infecundity (of plants) tia'da berboe'- inland hoe'loe oe'dik, da'rat wah inlet (of building) pin'toe infecundity (of soil) ^tia'da berha'sil inlet (of river) koewa'la, moewa'ra 7 inferior di ba'wah, koe'rang baik inlet (bay) telok , ran'tau inferno djehen'nam, nara'ka inmate (of house) isi roe'mah infested (with) mengeri'ak, meng- ininate (of jail) ^isi pendja'ra^boe'wi) groe'moet inn ^roe'mah ma'kan, tempat' berma'- infidelka'fir lem 2 2 infiltrate ma'soek sedi'kit (plan ) innavigable tia'da bo'leh di li'wat infirm lemah', lembck' deng'an pra'hoe (kapal) inflame menja'la inner di da'lem inflammable gam'paag terba'kar innocent ^tia'da sa'lah, ta sa'lah (menja'la) innominate (bone) toelang pang'kal inflammatory menga'soet, menggo'- pa'ha sok innovate ba'wa tja'ra ba'roe inflate mengelemboeng'ken innumerable ti'da boleh di i'toeng DICTIONARY 121 inoculate (for smallpox) tanem tja'- insult menghi'naken, memberi' ma'- tjar, menja'tjari loe inquest perik'sa, pemerik'saan insure (ance) menang'goeng inquire ta'nja mena'nja, perik'sa insurgency pergerak'an negeri' inroad (by enemy) penjerang'an, insurgent o'rang jang mela'wan pelang'garan peren'tah insane gi'la, e'dan insurrection (See insurgency) insect bina'tang integrity ichlas, katoe'loesan 7 insensible tia'da sedar , ta ta'hoe integument koe'lit insert ta'ro, mena'ro intellect a'kal, boe'di inside dida'lem intelligent tjerdik', bera'kal insignia tan'da, a'lat intemperate ra'koes, kaba'njakan insipid ta'war, am'bar intend berniat', hen'dak, maoe insist min'ta deng'an kras intention niat', kahen'dak insoluble (material) tia'da bo'leh di intercept mena'han, menang'kep, an'tjoer kepong' insoluble (problem) tia'da bo'leh di intercourse perkenal'an terang'ken interdict mela'rang insomnia ti'da bi'sa ti'doer interest (on capital) a'nakan, inspect perik'sa, memerik'sa boe'nga 2 inspiration al'ham, ang'an ha'ti interfere bertjam'poer ins tall (ment) lan'tikan, gela'ran interior (general) dida'lem, da'lem instant (a moment) sa-bentar', sa- interior (of country) hoeloe, oe'dik, kedjap' da'rat instantaneous lan'tas, seka'rang intermediate (person) wa'sit, djoe'ga peranta'ra instantly ^lan'tas interment pengoe'boer instead of a'kan gan'tinja intern mena'roh da'lem koe' roeng, 2 instep (of foot) koe'ra mengoe'roengken instigate menga' djak interpreter djo-e'roe-ba'sa instinct ^naf'soe interrogate mena'njai, memerik'sa interrupt (conversation) bertjam'poer institute (tion) (law) hoe'koem, oen'- 2 moe'loet dang 7 interval selang , roe'wang in,stitute(tion) (custom) a'dat, roe'- intervention . koen ^peranta'raan, perda'- maian institute (charity) ba'lai (tion) in terview perta'njaan derma' intestines ^isi peroet', oe'soes r instruct (ion) peren tah, soe'roeh', intimidate mena'koeti, mengchawa'- a'djar tirken instrument (general) perka'kas, into ka-da'lem, dalem, ma'soek pesa'wat intolerable ^tia'da boleh mena'han instrument (musical) perka'kas boe'- (rneneri'ma) sa'bar nji-boen'jian intolerant koe'rang (moe'rah ha'ti) insubordinate (tion) doerha'ka, koe'- intoxicated ma'bok rang a'djar intrepid bra'ni insufficient tia'da tjoe'koep, ti'da sain'pai introduce mema'soekken, nienga'- toerken insulate (isolate) menga'singken, menjing'kirken. introduction (of a book) tas'dir 122 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE intrude menggang'goe, mengoe'sik ivory ga'ding inundate ban'djir, melam'par ivory turner pela'rik ga'ding- invade menjerang', melang'gar ivy ram'batan invasion penjerang'an, pelang'garan invention penda'petan inventory daf'tar jab toe'soek, menoe'soek invest (money) memboe'ngaken, jabber o'mong ko'song, mengo'tjeh mendjalanken jack (tool to raise heavy object), (noun) invest (blockade) mengepoeng' dom'krak, pengang'kat, oem'pil investigate prik'sa deng'an saksa'ma, jack (up), (verb) ang'kat, mengang'- menjeli'dik kat, dinaik'in (Bat.) invincible tia'da bo'leh di menga'- jackass kal'dai lahken jacket (clothes) ba'djoe invisible ba'tin jacket (of potatoes) koelit invitation persilaan, oen'dangan jacktree (breadfruit tree) poelioen invite pang'gil, memang'gil, menga'- soe'koen (nang'ka) djak jagged bergi'gi, teroe'mai invoice daf'tar ba'rang2 da'gangan jail pendja'ra, boe'wi involuntary tia'da ma'oe, ti'da senga'- jailer penoeng'goe pendja'ra, si'pir dja jam (preserved fruit) selai', djem inward ka da'lem jam (to stick) mendjepit' iron (metal) besi' jammed (stuck) kadjepit' iron (flatiron) seteri'ka (Java) janitor ^penoeng'goe (pendja'ga) iron (verb) menjeteri'ka pin'toe ironclad la-pis besi' January Djanoewa'ri 7 ironclad (man-of-war) ka'pal prang Japan negeri Djepang' (Japan', jang berla'pis besi' Djepoen') irony sin'diran jar (container) tempa'jan, gendi', irregular ^ti'da tera'toer boe'joeng irreplaceable ^ra'hap jar (crack) renggang' irrepressible tia'da terta'han jasmin kembang' (boe'nga) mela'ti irresistible tia'da da'pet di la'wan (di jaundice ^penja'kit koe'ning taTian) Java poe'lau (ta'nah) Dja'wa irrigate si'ram, menji'rami javelin lembing', seli'gi irritable berang'as, lekas' ma'rah jaw raliang, toe'lang ra'hang irruption penjerang'an, pendo'berak jealous tjemboe'roean, mengi'ri is a'da jelly selai' 2 islamite o'rang selam' j ellyfish oe'boer island poe^au jeopardize beroen'toeng-oen'toengan isolate mentjerai'ken, menjing'kirken jerk sentaV, menjentak' Israelite o'rang jahoe'di jetty bom, pabe'an issue (in print) menji'tak, mengetjap' Jew o'rang jahoe'di issue (problem) soe'wal jewel rat'na, perma'ta issue toe'roenaix (offspring) 7 jeweler djohar !, toe'kang in'ten it (usually omitted) dia, itoe, jang, nja jib la'jar goe'si italic (type) soe'ratan berpang'koe jiggle beron'tak itchga'tel jilt toe'lak, menoe'lak, melepas^cn itinerant mengomba'ra, berkoeKling jingle gemerentjing' itself sendi'rinja job pakerdja'an DICTIONARY 123 join sam'boeng, menjam'boengken, just (correct) betoel' hoe'boeng, menghoe'boengken justice ^hoe'koem, ka-a'dilan joint sam'boengan, sendi' justice (a high judge) toe'wan ha'kim joint-tenancy temen' mempoe'njai besar' joist ka'joe lin'tang justified mempoe'njai hak, da'pet joke permain'an, senda', goe'rau koewa'sa jolly ra'mai, soeka-tji'ta justify membenar'ken jolt banting, kabentoer' jute goe'ni josshouse (Chinese temple) juvenile moe'da, perka'sa kelenteng' journal (diary) boe'koe pering'atan K saha'ri-hari keel loe'nas journal (newspaper) soe'rat cha'bar keen ta'djem, bengis' (ka'bar) keep simpen, menjimpen journey (on land) perdja'lanan keeping persim'penan journey (on water) pela'jaran keepsake tan'da pering'atan jovial gi'rang, soe'ka ha'ti keg tong, pi'pa joy soe'ka ha'ti, kasoe'kaan kennel ^kan'dang an'djing r jubilate bersoe'rak-soe'rak kernel bi dji, boe'tir Judas o'rang chia'nat kerosene mi'njak ta'nah ha'- judge (a judge) ha'kim, toe'wan kettle ke'tel, tje'ret kim kettle (for rice) dan'dang judge (to think) ki'ra, sang'ka, ra'sa, key ^koen'tji, a'nak koen'tji menim'bang keybone toelang selang'ka judge (to adjudicate) hoe'koemken keyhole ^lo'bang koen'tji 7 judgment kapoe'toesan hoe'koem key ring gelang koen'tji ha'ri Judgment (Day of) kia'mat kick se'pak, tendang' judicial a'tas peren'tah hoe'koem kid (young goat) a'nak kam'bing ^koewa'sa judiciary hoe'koem kid (leather) koe'lit kam'bing jug gendi', boe'joeng kidding main^gila, boliong juggler toe'kang soelap kidnap meram'pas (mela'riken) juice getah', a'jernja o'rang July boe'lan djoe'li (juli) kidney boe'wah ping'gang jump (general) loem'pat, berlom'pat kill ^bi'kin ma'ti, boe'noeh, memboe- jump (in water) menjeboer' noeh junction sam'boengan, hoe'boengan killing kema'tian June boe'lan djoe'ni (juni) kiln peka'poeran, pemba'karan jungle lioe'tan, rim'boe, oe'tan, ka'poer beloe^kar kin rkoelawar'ga, sa'nak-soeda'ra jungle-fever demem' oe'tan kind (sort) ma'tjem, roe'pa 7 jungle fighting berperang di oe'tan, kind (friendly) ma'nis, ra'mah berkela'hi di oe'tan kindle pa'sang, mena'sang jungle life penghi'doepan oe'tan kindred perpoe'poean junk (Chin, boat) djoeng, wang'- king ra'dja, sjah, ra'toe kang kingdom kara'djaan junk (old materials) ba'rang beroe'- kingly tja'ra ra'dja pa-roe'pa toe'wa kink (in a rope) sangTcoetan jurisdiction dai'rah Iroe'koem kinsfolk sa'nak soeda'ra, ka'oem juror (jury) soe'dah di soem'pafa koelawar'ga just (impartial) a'dii, benar', betodl' 124 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE kiss tjioem', koe'tjoep lady (married) njo'nja, mem (Sing.) 2 kitchen da'poer, tempat' masak lady (single) no'na kite la'jangan lag kabela'kangan, kating'galan 7 kitten a'nak koe'tjing lagrippe (influenza) sa'kit ba dan kittlish geli', kageli'an (toe'lang) knapsack kerpa'i lair boem'bon, djeroe'mon knave bang'sat, o'rang dja'hat lake ^ta'sik, da'nau knead rames', merames' lamb a'nak dom'ba (bi'ri) knee loe'toet, dengkoel' lame pin'tjang, tim'pang 7 7 kn eel berloe'toe.t lament (ation) ra tap,'adoeh 7 7 knife (general) pi'sau, la'ding lamp peli ta, Iam poe 7 7 knife (dagger) ba'de2 lamp chimney semperong Iam poe 7 knife (to cut grass) a'rit lamplight terang lam'poe knife (to split) pi'sau ra'oet lampwick soem'boe lam'poe knife edge ma'ta pi'sau lance (noun) toem'bak, koen'djoer 7 knit mera'djoet, menji'rat lance (verb) ^memoe soet, mena'dji knitting ra'djoetan lancet ^pi'so wa'li, poe'soet, ta'dji 7 7 7 knitting needle dja'roem ra'djoet land (noun) ta nah, da rat, da ratan 7 7 knitting yarn benang ra'djoet land (verb) naik da rat kn o b pe'gangan land breeze ang'in da'rat (goe7noeng) knock (at the door) ketok', pa'loe landforces pasoe'kan di ta'nah knoll boe'Mt, a7nak goe'noeng landholder (owner) toe'wan ta'nah knot (in rope) sim'poel, sim'poelan landlord kapa'la roe'mah knot (in hair) kon'dai, sang'goel landman o'rang padoe'soenan 7 7 7 knot (in wood) ma'ta ka'joe, boe'tjak land rent se'wa ta nah, pa djek ta nah 7 know ta'hoe, kenal land surveying mengoe'koer ta'nah 7 knowledge mari'fat, il'moe, sata hoe landing (from water) pangka'lan, knuckle boeTcoe dja'ri tempat' naik kada'rat koran al'ko'ran landing (from air) tempat toe'roen 7 kata nah, lapangan oeda'ra 7 lane po'hon doe'wa dja'djar, loe - 7 laboratory tempat kredja'an roeng 7 7 laborious (favorable) ra'djin, soe'ka language baha sa, perka taan 7 kerdja' languid ^ngeres 7 7 laborious (unfavorable) soe'sah, languish (plants) dja di la joe r 7 7 menja paiken languish (animals) dja di koe roes, 7 7 7 labour kerdja , pakerdja'an, oesa ha ngeres 7 labourer o'rang bekerdja7 (mengga'- lantern (general) Iente ra (Java), 7 dji), koeOi Ian tin (Sing.) 7 labyrinth dja'lan sesa'tan (Jang lantern (Chinese) tang long, lo^eng tcrpoe'ter) lapidate melem'pari ba'toe 7 lace ^ren'da larceny ^tjoe'rian, ma lingan 7 7 lacerated loelca, meloe kai large besar', le'bar, Ioe was 7 lack koe'rang, kakoe rangan larynx le'her 7 7 lacquer dama rak, min'jak rengas lash menjam'boek, memoe'koel 7 lactation member! soe'soeh, last (hindmost) Jang dibla7 kang, jang mene7tekken pa'Hng bla^ang 7 lad boe'dak, boe'djang last (just elapsed) soe dah, laloe 7 7 ladder tang'ga last (for shoes) kaleboet , atjoe an

7 ladle sen/dot bfcaar^ ga'joag last (to endure) ta han, mena'han DICTIONARY 125 latch (of a door) kan'tjrag pin'toe leaf (of palm tree) pa'pah late lam'pau, lat leaf (of paper) helai, lembar' lateral (of a tree) tjaHsang leaf (of a tablet) pa'pan lateral (of a river) sim'pangan leaf (dry palmleaf) bela'rak lateral (of a road) sim'pangan leaf (dry banana leaf) keri'sik latex getah', poe'loet, ka'ret mentah' leaf (other dry leaves) kele'ang, latch ka'sau, reng, bi'lah da'oen kering' lathe boe'boetan, pela'rikan leafgold pera'da, mas pera'da lather boe'sa, boe'wih leaf louse ^koe'toe da'oen latitude lin'tang leaf metal mas pera'da latrine djam'ban, ka'koes league perdjan'djian, moeafalsat lattice kisi2 leak(y) bo'tjor laugh (general) keta'wa, teta'wa lean (thin) koe'roes laugh (very loud) menga^kak lean (rest against) bersen'der, launch (general) seko'tji, sam'pan menjen'der launch (steam vessel) ka'pal a'pi lean (being rested against) tersen'der launch (verb), (a ship) menoe'roenken leaning (inclined) se'rong, meng'ok, laundry (dirty) ba'rang tjoe'tjian pe'ot laundry (clean) ba'rang mena'toe leap (noun) lom'pat, lon'tjat laundry man (or woman) toe'kang leap (verb) ^lom'pat, berfom'pat, mena'toe, dhoby (Sing.) melom'pat 7 laurel da'oen salam leap (to jump in water) menjeboer law (general) hoe'koem leapyear ta'oen kabi'sat 2 law (statute) oen'dang learn (general) a'djar, bela'djar law (custom) a'dat learn (religion) menga'dji lawmaker Jang menga'daken hoe'- learn (memorize) mengapalaken koem learned pan'dai, alim lawn pe'tak (ta'nah, la'pang) roem'- learning il'moe, pengata'hoean poet, pa'dang, hala'man lease se'wah lawyer penoe'loeng bitja'ra, wa'kil, least pa'ling sedi'kit, sakoe'rang- lo'yar (Sing.) koe'rang lay (an egg) bertelor' leather koe'lit lay (put down) ta'roh, mena'roh, leather belt ta'li pesa'wat letak', meletak'ken leave (noun) Idzin, permi'si lay (a floor) pa'sang, mema'sang leave, (verb) ( to quit) ting'galken lazy ^ma'las, segan' leave (to depart) berang'kat leach (lye) ^a'jer a'boe, a'jer merang' leave (to sail away) bela'jar, pergi' lead (meta^^ti'mah, ti'mah i'tem ledge belebas', kelar' lead (sounding-lead) ba'toe doe'ga ledger boe'koe daf'tar lead (first place) Jang- perta'ma, lee ba'wah angfm kepala leeward ka ba'wah ang'in lead (verb) (to conduct) pim'pin, leech (in water) lin'tah memim'pin, han'tar, menghan'tarken leech (in jungle) pa'tjet, pa'tjat lead (verb) (of a road) teroes' ka, leek ^ba'wang poe'tili dja'toh di left ki'ri, sebelah' ki'ri left handed ii'dal lead (verb) (water in a ditch) kali menjim'pangken, mendjalanken leg (the entire limb) leader (guide) penghan'tar, pengan'- leg (under knee alone) betas' djar leg (above knee alone) patia leaf (general) da'oen legacy pSmberi'an wa'ris (poesalca) 126 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE legal halal, satoe'djoe deng'an hoe'- level (to level) mengoen'ting hoem lever ^pengoeng'kil, penjoe'kil legation kan'tor oe'toesan levy (to draft in service) kera'han, legion pasoelsan, kaba'njakan pengera'han, pa'paran legislate menga'daken (bikin) hoe'- levy (taxes) poeng'oet, memoeng'oet, koem mena'rik legitimate (See legal) lewd doeka'na, ga'tel leisure kasenang'an liability tang'goengan, bertang'goeng- lemon djeroek' ni'pis (li'mau) liable tang'goeng lemon grass serai' liana(e) ^rambat'an, soeloer'an lemon juice a'jer djeroek' liar pendoe'sta, pembo'hong lemon peel koelit djeroek' libel finnan, oem'pat, toe'kasan siboer2 lend ka'si pin'djam, memin'djamken libella (insect) , tja'poeng length (general) pan'djang, boe'djoer liberate melepas', memerdi'kaken length (of time) la'ma, lan'djoet liberty kamardi'kaan, abeba'san 2 lengthen (to make longer) meman'- library ^tempat' boekoe djangken license idzin, permi'si lengthen (to become longer) dja'di lick (to beat) menang', mengalahken lebih' pan'djang lick (to ^with tongue) mendji'lat lenient Brahman, berka'sihan licking (beating) la'brak, han'tem, lens ka'tja mela'brak, menghan'tem leopard toe'toel, ha'rimau (ma'tjan) lid toe'toep, toe'toepan leper o'rang saldt koe'sta lie (untrue) doe'sta, djoe'sta, boliong lepra penja'kit koe'sta lie (general place) tempaf, ada'nja, less koe'rang doedoek'nja lesson (general) penga'djaran, lie (place of vessels) pela'boean, pela'djaran moewa'ra lesson (reading-) pemba'tjaan He (to lie down) ba'ring, ti'doer let (to rent out) se'wa',menje'waken lien ^hak ga'dai let (to permit) biar/, membiar'ken, lieutenant littenan ka'si life hidoep, nia'wa, dji'wa f let (let go) lepas', melepas'ken lifeless ma'ti, tia'da bernja wa lethal (general) kema'tian lifelong sepan'djang hi'doep lethal (of weapons) man'djoer lifetime oe'moer hi'doep letter (epistle) soe'rat lift angTsat kaa'tas letter (alphabetical) hoe'roef light (brightness) terang', tjoewa'tja, letter (of hypothecation) soe'rat siang' r ga'dai light (of color) moe da letter carrier pasoe'ratan, o'pas light (not heavy) en'teng, ring'an kantor pos (Java) light (easy) gam'pang letter case^-tempat' soe'rat, selem'pang light (to kindle) pa'sang, mema'sang, letterhead kapala soe'rat menjalaken letter paper -kertas' toelis light (to guide with torch) soe'loeh, lettuce sela'da menjoe'loehi come levee taranrak ka'li (Java), tam'bak light (to down on) hing'gap, (tartis, gi'li) soe'ngai (Sum. and men'tjok, mentjelok' Sing.) lightball pe'lor a'pi level (instrument) oen'ting (oe'- lightbearer pemba'wa o'bor (peda'- koeran) a'jer maran) level (horizontal) le'per, ra'ta light blue bi'roe moe'da DICTIONARY 127

2 lighten (brighten) menerang'i list nama , daf'tar lighten (lessen weight) bi'kin en'teng, list (of a ship) mi'ring, do'jong mengen'tengken listen (hear) deng'ar, mendeng'arken lighter (boat) sam'pan, pera'hoe listen (obey) menoe'roet 7 tjoe'nia, tong kang literary il'moe H'tab lighter (cigar lighter) pema'sang, litigation ^perka'ra, pera'doean penjalaan litter (young of animals) bera'nakan lighthearted soe'ka ha'ti, al'pa, lalai litter (stretcher) go'tongan, le'rang lighthouse roe'mah lam'poe poe'ter, littery (disorderly) ko'tjar-ka'tjir mena'ra a'pi little (small quantity) sedi'Mt lighting menerang'i little (small) ketjil' live be lightning kilat, gele'dek (to alive) hi'doep, berH'doep live lightning conductor (rod) besi' gele'- (to reside) ting'gal, doe'doek, diam' dek, besi' penang'kal ki'lat livelihood lightning flash ma'la petir', halilin'tar penghi'doepan, pentja'rian liver lightship ka'pal lam'poe ham'pedas, lim'pa liver oil ilcan like (resembling) sa'ma, seperti', mi'njak ham'pedas liver disease saroe'pa, ka'ja sama'tjam penjVkit lim'pa livid ma' like (to like) soe'ka, menjoekai, poe'tjat seperti' jit 2 tjin'ta living hidoep kamar doe'doek likeness sa'ma roe'pa, saroe'pa livingroom lizard (house) liking kenan', soe'ka, ma'oenja ha'ti (small) tji'tjak lizard (house) (big) to'keh, tekeF lily ba'koeng, kembang' ba'koeng lizard (outdoors) ka'dal limb (of men) ang'go'ta load (noun) (in a ship) moewa'tan, limb (of trees) tjVbang isi limber lemas', lemboet' load lime (whitewash) ka'poer (by man) pi'koelan load (of mind) kaberafan, lime (fruit) djeroek' ni'pis kasoe'sahan limit wa'tes, ping'gir load (verb (general) raoe'wat, limp lemah', lembek', kendor' memoe'watken line (string) tali, djoe'roes load ((verb) (a gun) isi, mengi'si line (drawn) ga'r,s, si'pat, ba'ris loaf (of bread) boe'wah lineage ^toe'roenan, a'sal loaf (loiter) tia'da kerdja' lineal (linear) ^teroes', lempeng' loam ta'nah Hat' linen ^kain ra'mi (lempoeng') loan (noun) pin'djaman, pamin'djam liner (ship) ka'pal toem'pangan loan (verb) pin'djam 1 inger ^berlam'bat-lam'bat loan office roe'mah ga'daian, linguist jang ta'hoe il'moe sa'raf pega'daian lining la'pis loath link geK' tjin'tjin ran'tai, sam'boengaii 7 loathe berdiemoe , enek' lion sing'a lobe (of ear) tjoe'ping lip bi'bir lobster ketam' ba'toe, oe'dang lip salve polai bi'bir liquefy an'tjoer, mengan'tjoerken, ga'lah meleboer' locate (to put) ^nenempat^n liqueur so'pi ma'nis locate (to live)-^ing'gal, doe'doek, liquid tjair beroe'mah liquidate meloe'nasken, locate (to find)- da'pet, menda'j&t mengha'bisken lock (noun) (general) koeo'tji, liquor minoeman kras, a'rak liquorice ^ka'joe ma'nis lock (notin) (of gtin) da'poer 128 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

sena'pan loose (of tongue) lan'tjang, lock (noun) (sluice) pin'toe a'jer tjeloe'tak lock (verb) mengoen'tji, menoe'toep loosen melepas'ken, boeka locker lema'ri, ko'tak loot (noun) ram'pasan, reboet'an, lockjaw kedjang' moe'loet ram'pokan locksmith toe'kang koen'tji loot (verb) meram'pas, mendja'rah locust ba'lang, bela'lang lord (master) toe'wan, goe'sti (pol.) lodge (noun) (hotel) roe'mah Lord (God) Toe'han, Toe'han Allah menoetn'pang (menginep) lorrie (lorry, truck) kre'ta mo'tor, lodge (noun) (freemasonry) gero'bag mo'bil roe'mah se'tan (Java) lory (parrot) boe'roeng no'ri, be'tet lodge (verb) (to reside) toem'pang lose (disappear) hi'lang, kahilangan (menoem'pang) lose (to be beaten) kalah, ti'was, lodge (verb) (to place) ta'roh, a'lah mena'roh, dja'di lose (to suffer loss) roe'gi, lodger (roomer) o'rang toem'pang, karoe'gian, kena roe'gi pendoe'doek loss roe'gi, karoe'gian lodging toem'pangan, pon'dokan lot (real estate) pe'tak, ta'nah lodgings (rented room(s)) ka'mar lot (fate) oen'toeng, na'sib, tak'dir se'wa lot (share in lottery) soe'rat oen'dai loft lo'teng, ting'kat lot (quantity) ^ba'njak, kaba'njakan log" (diary of ship) boe'koe lottery poe'teran oen'dai, loterai pering'atan saha'ri-ha'ri lotus ^tera'tai, toen'djoeng, pad'ma log (timber) ba'tang ka'joe, loud nja'ring, keras' boe'njinja, ba'lok (Java) roe'soeh, ri'oeh loin ping'gang louse (general) koe'toe, toe'ma loincloth kain ping'gang louse (on animals) koe'toe, kerpa'ti loiter berlam'bat, mon'dar-man'dir louse (on plants) piang'gang, lonely sepi, soe'nji toe'ngau lonesome sendi'rian, sa-o'rang di'ri love tjin'ta, soe'ka, sa'jang, ka'sih long (of space) pan'djang lovebird ^boe'roeng serin'dit long (of time) la'ma, lamObat lovely (disposition) ma'nis, djoewi'ta long (verb) (to desire) ing'in, lovely (of sound) raerdoe', serin'dai keping'in, rin'doe lovely (of scent) faa'roem, wa'ngi, lo nging keping'in sedap7 longitude dara'djat lovely (appearance) ba'goes, in'dah look (noun) (appearance) roe'pa, lovemaking memi'nang, mela'mar kalihafan love potion o'bat penga'sihan look (verb) lihat', meli'hat, (mena'wari) meman'dang lover kekasih, tjin'ta looking-glass ^ka'tja, tjermin' love token tan'da ka'sih (tjin'ta) loom (for weaving) tenoen'an, low (not high) rendah', pen'dek, perka'kas nenoen' ketjil' loom (verb) (to become visible) low (vulgar) ka'sar kalihat'an low (of sick person) pa'ja loop ma'ta-ta'li, so'sok low (mean) hi'na, kedji' loophole (way out) da'lih, low (of water) a'jer soe'roet poe'ter-balik (ketjil') loose (general) lepas', terlepas' low (of land) da'tar loose kendor7 (not tight) low (verb) (of cattle) mengoe'wak, loose (roomy) long'gar bertengoh' DICTIONARY 129 lowlands negeri' da'tar, ta'nah i'lir machine gun sena'pan masin', lower (verb) toe'roen, bedil' mesin' menoe'roenken mad (insane) gi'la loyal sa'tia, benar' ha'ti mad (angry) ^ma'rah lubricant lemak', gemoek', mi'njak madhouse roe'mah gi'la luck (general) pertemoe'an magazine (warehouse) goe'dang luck (bad) tjila'ka, oen'toeng ma'lang maggot oe'lat, bela'toeng luck (good) oen'toeng, moe'djoer, magic ^ho'bat, ho'batan beha'gia magic word il'moe, dja'pa-man'tera lucky beroen'toeng, sela'mat magistrate toe'wan poli'si, ha'kim 7 ludicrous pa'toet di keta'waken, magnet ^besi bra'ni, ba'toe bra'ni djina'ka magnificent moe'lia, in'dah, ba'goes lues (syphilis) penja'kit ra'dja si'nga, magnifier gelas' (tjennin') jang sa'kit pram'poewan mengbesar'ken luff membelok', menjoe'soer ang'in magnify membesar'ken 2 luggage barang magnitud e besar'nja 7 lugger lo'ger, sam'pan mahometan o'rang is'lam (selam ) lukewarm ang'et, soe'wam maiden a'nak dara (ga'dis), lullaby la'goe pengoe'lik pera'wan lumbago sa'kit ping'gang maid-servant (Javanese) ba'boe lumber ka'joe ba'kal maid-servant (Chinese) a'mah lumberjack toe'kang mo'tong maid-servant (Tamil) a'jah (menebang') ka'joe mail (armor) ba'djoe ran'tai lumberyard tempat' ka'joe, tempat' mail (post) perH'riman soe'rat, toem'poekan ka'joe. pos (Java), mel (Sing.) lump goem'pal, kepel', ketoel' mail carrier pasoe'ratan lunar eclipse geraha'na boelan, mailclerk pega'wai kantor pos boe'lan ka'pangan (Bat.) (Java),kra'ni mel (Sing.) lunch (eon) ma'kan siang' mail steamer ka'pal pos (Java), (teng'ah ha'ri) ka'pal mel (Sing.) 2 lung paroe , pepa'roe maim koe'doeng, mengoe'doeng lurch berpoe'ter, mere'wang, main moelia, besar7 selo'jongan maintain ^melin'doengken lure (noun) empan', oem'pan maintenance pemeliha'raan lure (verb) (general) memboe'djoek, maize dja'gong menga'djak majesty bagin'da, toewan'koe, lure (a woman) ^mena'wari sen padoelsa lure (birds) memi'kat major ^major lurk menga'dang, menghin'tai majority kalebih'an, kaba'njafcan lust nik'mat ing'in, ledzat, make (noun) bi'kinan, boewafan, luxury kame'waan perboewafan lye a'jer a'boe, a'jer merang^ make (verb) bi'kin, membilrin, M boewaf, memboewat' make up-^nembedak', berbedak', macaroni (Javanese and Chinese) memoe'poeiken lak'sa, mi 2 make-believe poera , daTUi macaroni makro'ni (European) malaria demam', sa'kit macaw kakatoe'wa me'rah pa'nas-ding'in, penja'kit gela'toek mace pala Malay (general) mela'ioe, machine pesa'wat, pekalcas tja'ra roela'joe 130 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

Malay (language) baha'sa mela'joe manslaughter pemboe'noehan (dja'wi) mantle selimoet', seloe'boeng Malay (people) o'rang (bangsa) mantrap ran'djau, bo'rang mela'joe manufactory pa'beriek, katoe'kangan 2 lela'ki manufacture bi'Hn, membildn male (persons) la'ki , 2 male (animals) djan'tan, la'ki manure ba'dja, gemoek' malediction mengoe'toeki manuscript soe'rat noschat malevolent (malicious) ma'oe djaliat (rantja'na) malign (ant) dja'hat, berding'ki many ba'njak 2 boe'mi (negerl') malinger poe'ra , berda'Hh map gam'bar mallard meE'wis mar ^bi'kin roe'sak, meroe'sakken mallet pemoe'koel maraud ram'pas, ram'pok, malnutrition koe'rang ma'kan meram'pas maltreat menja'kiti, menga'niaja marble (stone) ba'toe poewanam mammal bina'tang jang menjoe'soe marble (plaything)- keli'tji, kene'ker 2 man (person) o'rang la'ki (Iela1d) March (month) boe'lan ma'ret man (spouse) la'ki, soewa'mi march (walk) dja'lan man (servant) boe'djang, boe'dak, mare koe'da beti'na (pram'poean) o'pas (N.E.I.) marine solda'doe ka'pal perang' manacle belenggoe' marines (the corps) bala la'oetan manage (govern) peren'tah, mark (emblem) -tan'da memeren'tahken mark (trace) Abekas' manage (look after) dja'ga, mark (trademark) tjap mendja'gai market pa'sar, pekan' manage (help oneself) menoeloeng marking iron besi' selar' (tjap) di'ri, bera'kal marksman toe'kang menem'bak 7 mandate soe'rat peren'tah, ti'tah terkena mandible ra'hang, toe'lang ra'hang marriage ka'win, ni'kah 7 mane boe'loe tengkok', gam'bong marriagebed tempat ti'doer r maneater jang ma'kan o'rang pengan ten manecomb pengga'roek (kerok') marriageknot perhoe'boengan koe'da ka'win manes (infernal regions) patala, marriage license soe'rat ka'win nara'ka marrow (in bones) soem'soem, r mange goe'dig, koe dis i'si toe'lang mango mang'ga, boe'wa mang^ga marrow (in plants) faampoeloer, (memplam') goem'bar mangrove poe'hoen bera'kar marry ^ka'win, ni'kah diloe'war marry (to perform the rite) mania gila menga'winken manifest soe'rat pernja'taan, firman marsh ra'wa, ta'nah loem'poer mani fold gan'da marshal (police) meri'nja, seka'oet mankind segala (bangsa) manoe'sia martyr-r-sjaliid, o'rang ma'ti di sik'sa 7 manner (method) ma'tjam, tja'ra marvelous adja !! manner (behavior) a'dat, baha'sa mascot dji'mat, penang'kal mannered (well-) so'pan, san'toen, mask to'peng haloes mason ^toe'kang ba'toe 2 manpower (military) soldadoe mass keloem'poekan, manpower (civilian) orang perkoem'poelan 7 bekerdja massacre boe'noe (pemboe'noehan) mansion gedong' besai/ o'rang ba'njak, penga'moekan DICTIONARY 131 massage oe'roet, pi'djit meantime samanta'ra i'toe, mast tiang' da'lem anta'ra master (boss) toe'wan, benda'ra measles saint tjam'pak master (of a ship) kapltan measure (length) oe'koeran master (of a native prahoe) measure (contents) ta'keran djoera'gan, nako'da measure (size) besar'nja masterly terlebih' baik measure (verb) oe'koer, mengoe'- masterpiece (work) pekerdja'an koer jang teroeta'ma meat da'ging masticate ma'mah, mema'mah mechanic toe'kang, pan'dai mat (to sit on) ti'ker, lam'pit mechanized pa'kai mo'tor, mat (to cover) ka'djang, bi'dai bersendja'ta rnesm' mat (for siding) bi'lik mechanism pesa'wat, bekarkas mat (dull) soe'ram medal ^meda'li', tan'da kehor'matan

/ match (light) gere'tan, ko'rek a'pi meddle ferdoe 'li, bertjam'poer match (equal) sa'ma, saroe'pa mediate ^perda'mai, mate (comrade) temen', ka'wan, memperda'maiken f sakoe'toe mediator wa'sit, peranta ra mate (shipmate) djoe'roe-moe'di, medicine o'bat, pena'war moea'lim ka'pal meditate pi'kir, memi'kirken, mate (male spouse) la'ki, soea'mi menim'bang mate (female spouse) bi'ni, is'teri Mediterranean laoetan tengah material ba'kal, ra'moe-ra'moean meek ^menoe'roet, toe'roetan oen'soer 7 matter (general) meet ^ketemoe', bertemoe , djoem'pa matter (subject) perka'ra, hal meeting perkoem'poelan, madjelis' matter (pus) na'nah mellow ma'gang, lo'do mattock tja'toek, tj oe'tjoek-dan'dang melody la'goe, ra'gam A mattress ka'soer, bol'sak (Java), melt (of its own) an'tjoer, dja di 7 ti lam (Sing.) an'tjoer mature (of fruit) ma'teng melt (to make-) mengan'tjoerken, 7 mature~(of persons) a'ktt (a'kal), meleboer ba'leg, sam'pai oe'moer memb er sakoe'toe maul pemoe'koel besar', pa'loe memorial pering'atan, tan'da ma'ta mausoleum tjan'di memo rize mengapa'laken / May (month) boelan Mei memory ing'atan, penging atan may (can) bo'leh, da'pet menace penga'mang, pengan'tjam maze sesa'tan mend bi'kin baik, membaik'i me sa'ja, a'koe, ki'ta, ka'mi m en da city djoe'sta meagre ^koe'roes, deng'kel meningitis penja'kit sela'poet oe'tak 7 meal ma'kanan menses kain ko'tor (tjemar ) f mean (low) dja'hat, hi'na, kedji' mention seboef, menjeboet mean (stingy) seka'ker, menu oe'rat ma'kanan mean (average) sedang', mercenary lo'ba, pelif, seka'ker ra'ta merchandise ba'rang da'gangan mean (verb) (to Intend) ki'ra, merchant sauda'gar, o'rang bernlafga berniat' sang'ka, (berda'gang) meaning niat', mak'soed, ma'oe merciful kasihan^ means rafa'man, (contrivances) da'ja, oepa'ja r ra'sa, a jer pe'rak means (wealth) her/ta, kaka'iaan mercury mercy rahmat, karoe'nia means (by means of)

7 mountainous bergoe'noeng-goe - murmur (of water) menggeritik noeng, ta'nah pagoe'noengan murmur (of persons) menggereneng' 7 mounting (underpart of cannon) muscle oe rat, o'tot, rang'sa kare'ta meri'am, a'lasan meri'am mushroom dja'moer, tjenda'wan 7 mourning- perka'boengan musi c boe nji'-boe'njian, moe'sik 7 mouse -d'koes musician pan djak, moesik'an 7 7 7 mousetrap perang'kap (djepla'kan) musk kastoe ri, di des, djebat ti'koes muskcat moe'sang 7 moustache koe'mis, mi'sai musket sena pan, seting7gar mouth (of persons and animals) must mesti, misti, moesti 7 7 7 moe'loet mustard moestar di, tepoeng bi dji mouth (of a river) moewa'ra koewa'Ia sesa'wi mouth (of a pitcher) tjo'rot muster (military inspection) 7 7 7 mouth (of a volcano)- ka'wah perik sa ba la-tan tera 7 mouth organ germ/ding musterbook daf tar a'sal movable bo'leh di gerak'ken. musty ^basi, a'pek 7 mute keloe7 move (general) bergerak , go'jang bi'soe, ga'goe, mutineer 7 move (change domicily) pin'dah, o'rang doerha ka, berpin'dah beran'dal 7 7 movement gerak' mutton da ging dom'ba (kam bing 2 7 bi'ri ) movie (theatre) bioskop , kome'di 7 7 mutual gam'bar i doep gan'tf-bergan ti muzzle sa7 movie (a picture) gam'bar i'doep slm'pal, bang sar 7 mow po'tong, memo'tong, memba'- my ja poe nja 7kit 7 bat, menga'rit myelitis penja soeng soem toe7 bela7 much ba'njak lang kang boe 7 7 mucilage beleng'ketan, pelekat'an myopia (nearsighted) ta a jam, 7 ka'boer mucus lender , re'ak, ing'oes 7 mud myself saja sendi ri, sa'ja loem'poer, be'tjek 7 poe nja di'ri muddle ^mengoe'soet^ meroe'sakken 7 mysterious gelap , muddy be'tjek, berloem'poer ra'sia, moesjkil 7 mystery -raha'sia, roe sia, teka' muffler kenal'pot (Java) ; pendiam'an mystify 7 mule ba'gral memperda jaken, membo'doken multiped (centiped) (poisonous) 7 myth tjeri'ta, oepa ma kela'bang, li'pan multiped (phosphorescent) kalima'ja N multiped (not poisonous) senggoe'- 7 loeng, ka'ki sari boe nacre (mother-of-pearl) in'doeng multiply (arithmetic) memoe^oel moetia'ra 7 multiply (increase) bertam bah- nag ^tjere'wet tam'bali nail (noun) (anatomy) koe7koe 7 multitude kaba'njakan, o'rang ba'njak nail (noun) (metal) pa koe 7 nail 7 mumble bitja'ra (tja kap) da-lem (verb) mema koe, mema'koeken 7 moeloet, menggereneng' naked telan dJang mummy moe7mia name (noun) na'ma 7 / name ka sl 7 municipality ^moe kim, djamaSt (verb) na ma, mena'makeu munition a'lat menem'bak (perka^s) name (mention) seboef, menjeboet' murder (noun) ^pemboe'noehan 7 nap-ngan toek, mengan'toek murder boe7 7 (verb) noeh, napkin kain se ka, serbet' (Java), 7 memboe'iioeh an doek (Java), toewala DICTIONARY 135 narcotic bi'sing, la'lai nephritis p^nja'kit boe'wah narrate tjeri'ta, mentjeri'traken ping'gang narrow sesak', sempir/, ko'pet nerve asa'bat, oe'rat narrowminded kakoe'rangan boe'di nervous terkedjoet' nasal horn tjoe'la nest (general) sa'rang, roe'mah nation bang'sa, ka'oem, negeri' nest (of bees) soewa'lang native (person) o'rang (a'nak) nestle bi'kin sa'rang, menja'rang, negeri' (boe'mi), o'rang selam', bersa'rang o'rang indone'sia, a'nak mela'joe net (casting) dja'la native place tempat' dja'di, tempaf net (seine) dja'ring, poe'kat di pera'nakken net (landing) djeremal', tang'gok native country ta'nah-a'jah, negeri' net (sink-) seron'dong sendi'ri net (mosquito) klam'boe natural (true) toe'loer, net (after deductions) beres'ih, teroes'-terang' betoel' naturally (of course) pa'toet Netherlands Negeri' blan'da, naturalize member!' hak o'rang Ne'derlan negeri' n ettl e djela'tang nature (character) perang'ai, a'dat, neutral ti'da toe'roet2 ta'biat never salama'nja ti'da, tia'da 2 naught ti'da a'da a'pa , pernah' sa'toe poentia'da nevertheless ^wa'lakin, masH, teta'pi navel poeser, poe'sat joe'ga, begi'toe joe'ga navigate menga'rahken new ba'roe, beha'roe navigator djoe'roe a'rah newcomer (white) o'rang ba'roe, near (by) deket', ham'pir to'tok nearsighted boe'ta a'jam, ka'boer newcomer (Chinese) sing'keh neat tjan'tik, a'pik, ta'hoe a'dat new year ta'oen ba'roe necessary perloe', mesti' New Guinea Tanah Pa'poea necessitate pak'sa, memak'sa, news cha'bar, ka'bar, wai/ta mengeras'ken newspaper soe'rat ka'bar neck le'her, ba'tang le'her next (nearest) deket', ham'pir, necktie pemelif (ta'li) di sebelah' lelier, da'si (Java) next (following) di bela'kang i'ni need berha'djat, perloe' mema'kai next (afterwards) ^kemoe'dian need (if used in a negative form) nibble menggi'git-gi'git, memc/rot 7 oe'saii nice (pleasant) sedap needless tra-oe'sah, tia'da oe'sah nice (tasty) e'nak needle dja'roem nickel (coin) li'ma sen neglect ^la'lai, mengal'paken, nickname gelar', na'ma sin'diran ta-ferdoeOi niece a'nak soeda'ra negotiate ^berbitja'ra, berda'mai nig-ht ^ma'lem ni negro o'rang i'tem, o'rang apri'kan, ghtcap kar'poes helang7 malem o'rang habshi (Sing.) nightmare / nightwatchman pendja'ga mal&i, neigh ^mering ik, mentja'rit kemif, ron'da sebelah' neighbour o'rang nincompoop o'rang gel^eg' (bo'do) (sakam'poeng) nine sembilan neither ti'dak tia'da, nip (pinch) djepif, neophyte o'rang ba'roe tjoerttit r nephew a'nak soeda'ra nippers penje|iit 136 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE nipple ma'ta soe'soe (te'tek) notorious ^terna'ma kedji' (boe'soek) nitre (saltpeter) senda'wa nothwithstaiiding wa'lakin, mas'ki, no ti'da, tia'da, ta, boe'kan kenda'ti engga' (Bat.), ka'ga (Bat.) nourish ka'si ma'kan, memberi' nob pe'gangan, oe'djoeng, kapala ma'kan nobility pang'kat bangsa'wan November boe'lan nopem'ber noble (rank) bangsa'wan, bera'sal novice o'rang ba'roe, to'tok noble (quality) oeta'ma, moe'lia, now seka'rang besar' nowhere dima'na-ma'na poen tia'da 2 nobody ti'da sia'pa , sa-o'rang poen nozzle tjo'rot,tjerat' tia'da nucleus a'las, da'sar noctural ma'lem, wak'toe malem nude telan'djang nod mang'goet2 nugget goem'pal, kepel' nohow boe'kan, ti'da sekali-ka'li nuisance gang'goe, pergang'goean noise, noisy roe'soeh, hi'roe-ha'ra, numb ta-bera'sa, kading'inan, la'li goe'roeh number (quantity) bi'langan, ba'njak nominal pa'kai nama'nja sa'dja number (numerical symbol) ank'ka, none ti'da sa'toe, ti'da a'da no'mor (Java), mem'ber (Sing.) sia2 nonsense , o'mong ko'song number (verb) i'toeng, mengi'toeng, noodle mi membi'lang noon -teng'ah-ha'ri, wak'toe bedoek' numerable ba'njak noose (general) ma'ta ta'li, dji'retan nurse (nursemaid) inang, perwa'ra, noose (for hanging) pengi'kat le'her ba'boe noose (for feet when climbing tree) nurse (for sick people) pemia'raan sengkelit' nut (general) boe'wah Jang nor tia'da ti'da, tera'da berkoe'Ht kras north oeta'ra, lor, ka'ler nut (coconut) ^boe'wah kela'pa northeast ti'moer la'oet (oeta'ra) (nji'oer) northpole koe'toeb oeta'ra (sjama'li) nut (nutmeg) pa'la, boe'wah pala North, Sea la'oet oeta'ra nut (peanut) ka'tjang ta'nah northward ka-oe'tara, ka sabelah' nut (betel nut) boe'wah pi'nang, oeta'ra pi'nang northwest ba'rat la'oet (oeta'ra) nutrition malcanan, redjeki' nose (general) i'doeng, hi'doeng nymph peri', bidida'ri nose (thin, long) idoeng man'tjoeng nose (flat) i'doeng tje'per nose (knobby) i'doeng pentol' oak (timber) ka'joe dja'ti dive nose seloe'loep oak (teak tree) poehoen dja'ti nostril lo'bang i'doeng oak forest oe'tan dja'ti, pedja'ten boe^can not tida, tiada, ta, oakum pema'kal, pa'koel not (do not) dja'ngan oar da'joeng, penga'joeh tam'bahan notably terlebih', poe'la oath soem'pah nota'ris notary da'bir, obedient toe'roetan, menoe'roet, notch oe'bang, goe'bang, ba'tjokan rendah' note soe'rat pering'atan obese, obesity gemoek', tam'boen nothing ^ti'da a'pa2 sa'toe poen object (noun) ba'rang tia'da, ta'apa melaf- notice ka'si ta'hoe, pemberi'an ta'hoe, object (verb) (oppose) la'wan, maloe'mat wan notify ka'si ta'hoe, memberi' ta'hoe object (aim) kahen'dak notion sang'ka, pi'kiran, panemoe' oblige (force) pak'sa, memak'sa DICTIONARY 137

a oblige (do favor) toeloeng, office (duties) kerdja', pakerdja'an mengoe'tangken boe'di office (room) kan'tor oblique se'rong, pe'ot officer (of army) oep'sir menia'daken obliterate menja'poe, officer (of navy) oep'sir la'oet officer oblong pan'djang (police) oe'pas poli'si, mata obscene doeka'na, boe'soek official (authentic) ka'rena, wa'- obscure gelap', koe'soet djibnja dja'batan mera'sa observe da'pet ta'hoe, official (person) pega'wai, pendja'bat obstacle sang'koetan, kasoe'sahan often 2 2 sering , sering'-ka'li, krap obstretician bi'dan, doe'koen bera'nak oil mi'njak obstruct palang'ken, mema'langi, oil (crude) ^mi'njak jang beloem' menoe'toep dima'sak obtain da'pet, menda'pet, o'leh, ointment o'bat mi'njak, palet bero'leh old toe'wa, la'ma obvious terang', nja'ta oldster o'rang toe'wa occasion (right time) wak'toe, ma'sa, omelet da'dar tem'po omen ala'mat, tan'da occasion (reason) pak'sa jang baik omission la'lai occupant pendoe'doek, pedoe'doek omit ^mening'galken occupation (by army) pengam'bilan, omnipotence ma'ha koewa'sa pena'tahan on dia'tas, di, a'tas, pa'da occupation (vocation)- pakerdja'an once saka'li, sa'toe ka'li occupied (country) terdja'djah on i on ba'wang occupy (by army) ta'roh ba'la, onrush (onslaught) ^penga'moekan mengam'bil onward ma'djoe mendoe'- 7 occupy (a house) doe'doek, opaque tia'da terang (bening') doek open terboe'ka, menga'nja occur dja'di, kadja'dian open (verb) boe'ka, memboe'ka, occurrence dja'dinja, hal memboe'kaken la'oetan besar' ocean sega'ra, open (verb) (a curtain) menjin'kap o'clo ck poe'koel opening (general) lo'bang, liang', October ^boelan Okto'ber moe'loet octopus goeri'ta opening (crevice) tjelah' oculist dok'tor ma'ta operate (general) djalanken, odd (of numbers) gan'djil mendjalan, mengerdja'ken odd (queer) adjaib, a'neh, ha'iran operate (surgery) po'tong, merno'- odour (general) ba'oe, gan'da tong odour (pleasant) ba'oe a'roem ophthalmia sa'kit (penja'Ht) ma'ta (wa'ngi) opiate o'bat ti'doer, ma'dat boe'soek odour (unpleasant) ba'oe opinion ^ra'sa, pildran, sang'ka (ba'tjin) opium (crude) ^a'jaoen oesophagus (gullet) kerong'kongan opium (refined) ma'dat, tjan'doc, tfke of poe'nja opium den roe'mah ma'dat, pama'- off (from) da'ri datan offence sa'lah, kasa'lahan, maloe opium monopoly (by state) pak offend mcma'loeken a'pioen goepermeaa' (Java) 7 boe^oe bedoe'dan offensive menjerang , melang'gar opium pipe ma'dat, offer (a bid) ta'war, ta'waran opium smoker pema'dat, toe^cang offer (for sale) -i'djab mi'noem ma'dat office (rank) pang'kat opponent la'wan 138 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE opportunity wak'toe, ma'sa, tem'po outcome kasoe'dahan, pengha'bisan oppose mela'wan outcry berseroe', tere'jak opposite di saberang', di ha'depan outfit sedi'a, tersedi'a roe'mah opposition perla'wanan outhouse sam'ping (gan'dok) oppress menek'an, menin'des outlaw ^bang'sat, o'rang dja'hat outlook option bo'leh pi'lib (memi'lih) ha'rep, pengha'repan wa'wal di or ata'wa, atau', oeta'wa, tnas'kipoen outpost penindjau, depan' 7- orange (fruit) djeroek' ma'nis, li'mau output ha'sil, penga'silan, poeng ma'nis oetan outset a'wal orange (colour) djing'ga, war'na moe'la, permoelaan, outside ka loerwar djing'ga di-loe'war, ova l telor' orange juice a'jer djeroek' ma'nis boen'der, po'tong telor7 orang-outang (ape) o'rang oe'tan ovary ba'tang (in'doeng^) orchard kebon' boe'wah-boe'wahan ovation bak'ti, persembah'an ta'noer orchestra (European) moe'sik oven da'poer, over a'tas orchestra (native) ga'melan (upon) dia'tas, over ha'bis orchestra (native, made of bamboo) (finished) soe'dah, overcast 7 ang'kloeng tedoeh', mendoeng overcome 7 sedih' orchid anggerek' peloe , si'loe, overdo ^bi'kin terla'loe order (noun) (general) ti'tah, ba'njak dia'tas ta'nah peren'tah, pesan'an overground kame'waan order (noun) (arrangement) overgrowth overhead (expenses) ongTcos (Java), a'toeran, pera'toeran order (verb) (command) soe'roeh, belan'dja overhead di a'tas menjoe'roeh (above) kapala / overhaul (repair) bi kin betoel', order (verb) (to put in order) a'toer, membetoel'ken menga'toer, membetoel'ken overland dida'rat ordinance peren'tah, a'toeran da'rat, ordnance meri'am2 overlap berla'pis, melang'kah overload raemoewatken terla'loe ordnance-factory tempat' menoe'- ba'njak wang (menji'tak, membi'kin) meri'am overlooker man'dor, opsin'der orifice lo'bang, li'ang (Java) overnight ta'di ma'lem origin a'sal, moela, pennoe'laan r overrule (in court) ti'da tri'ma, ornament perhias'an, dan danan f menia'daken orphan a'nak pia'toe, ja tim oversight sa'lah ki'ra, keli'roe oscillate gerenjoet', gemetar', bergo'- overt laTiir, terang', nja'ta jang 7 7 overtime (of work) kredja' lebih ossify dja'di toe lang la'ma ostracize ^boe'wang, memboe'waiig f overwhelm melim'paliken ostrich boe'roeng on ta ^meli'poeti, owe other lain ^beroe'tang owing (to) da'ri sebab' otherwise lain, lain roe'pa, melain'- owl koek'oek-beloek', boe'roeng ken, ka'lau ti'da an'toe otitis saOdt (penja'Mt) kbe'pong own sendi'ri, poe'nja di'ri otter an'djing a'jer own (verb) (possess) ada, poe'nja, ought pa'toet mempoe'njai our ki'ta (ka'mi) poe'nja out loe'war, di loc'war, da'ri own (verb) (admit) menga'koe out (of fire) ma'ti, pa'dam ox lemboe' (sa'pi) outbreak (outburst) Ictoep', letos' oyster ti'ram DICTIONARY 139 oysterbank peti'raman pang(s) (of death) kata'koetan ma'ti, oystershell koe'lit ti'ram keta'koetan terla7loe besar' pant menggeh2 panther toe'toel, hari'mau (ma'tjan) pace lang'kah, tin'dak, djang'kah kom'bang Pacific pacific, la'oetan pasi'fik pantry sepen', goe'dang menjenang'ken, menjam'pai- kertas7 pacify paper (general) , deloe'wang menda'maiken ken, paper (blotting) kertas' penjerap' pack (noun) (package) boeng'koes, paper (letter) kertas' toe'lis (soe'rat) boen'telan paper (money) oewang kertas' pack (verb) memboeng'koes, paper (news) soe'rat ka'bar memba'loet parable peroepa'maan ka'sar packing awl dja'roem parachute pa'joeng penerdjoen' kertas' packing paper pemboeng'koes parade (military) ba'risan solda'doe, pact perdjan'djian, moeafakat solda'doe berba'ris besar' paddle menga'joeh, menda'joeng paradise firdaus, sorga bero'da paddleboat ka'pal a'sep paragraph fat'sal, bab paddy (rice) pa'di parakeet boe'roeng serin'dit padlock koen'tji gan'toeng, gembok' parallel berdja'djar pagan o'rang ka'fir, o'rang menjem- paralyzed ^loem'poeh, tepoek' berha'la bah' parasite (plant) sim'bar page (of book) moe'ka, moe'ka parasol pa'joeng soe'rat paratrooper serda'doe tenta'ra pageant a'rak-a'rakan, pera'rakan pa'joeng em'ber pail tim'ba, (Java) parcel (package) boeng'koesan sa'kit pain parch dja'di kering' paint (noun) tjat, tjet parchment ^kertas' koe'lit paint (verb) mengetjat', menja'- pardon -am'poen poeken tjat pare (peel) koe'pas, mengoe'pas silsat paintbrush tjat parent(s) o'rang toe'wa, i1x>e-ba'pa painter toe'kang tjat (mengetjat') parentless pia'toe, tida poe'nja ma- pair pa'sang, sapa'sang, ra'kit ba'pa ti'doer f pajama(s) ^pa'kean park (garden) kebon , ta'man palace asta'na parrot boe'roeng no'ri, kakatoe'wa palanquin tan'doe, djempa'na, plan'- part (noun) bagian', beha'gi keng (Sing.) part (verb) pi'sah, memi'sah, ting'gal palate lang'itan moeloet partial (a part of) sapa'ro, saba'gian pale, pallid poe'tjat partial (adhering to one party) paling pa'gar, teroe'tjoek menoe'roet palm (of hand) ta'pak tang'an participant sakoe'toe, tetnan' palmwine toe'wak, legen', ni'ra particle boe'tir palpate mera'ba, mendja'mah parti cular(ity) perka'ra Jang ga'rib palpitation ^berdebar' kras particular (finicky) pemilih, pending' palsy ^loem''poeh> tepoeh/ partition din'ding, pa'gcr 2 tnai' paltry sia , kepa'lang partner sakoe'toe, pan (iron) koewaOi partridge poe'joeh, poe'Joeh goiig'- pan (frying) wa'djan, penggo'rengan gong pan (earthen) bela'nga parturition bSra'nak pancake ^penoe^an party (political) fea'wan, peegi'riag panel (board) pa'pan party (festival) pes'ta, kara'maian 140 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE pass (noun) (passport) soe'rat pas peaceful diam, senang' (katerang'an) peacock boe'roeng merak' 7 pass (noun) (mountain) tjelah' goe - peak toemlbak noeng, djoe'rang peanut ka'tjang ta'nah pass (verb) (to walk past) li'wat, peapod (-shell) koe'lit ka'tjang po- meli'wat, la'loe long pass (verb) (succeed exam.) dja'di, p earl moetia'ra kadja'dian pearl diver pengelam' moetia'ra passage (general) teroes'an, dja'lan pearl shell si'poet gi'wang passage (in water) a'loer, aloeran (moetia'ra) ba'toe keri'kil passage (in mountains) tjelah' pebble passenger o'rang menoem'pang peculate (steal) mentjoe'ri, ma'ling passion naf'soe peculiar pa'toet, adjaib /- passionate ha'ti pa'nas peddler ^klon'tong, tae'kang djoe passive hoe'tang, koe'rang walan past soe'dah, soe'dah li'wat (la'loe) pedestal ka'ki, la'pik paste (noun) kan'dji terlekat' pedestrian o'rang berdjalan ka'ki paste (verb) berlekat', meleng'ket pedigree sadja'rah, soe'soer-ga'loer pastime pele'nga, i'seng-i'sengan peek mengin'tip, menghin'tai pastry koewe'2 peel (noun) koe'lit pasture tempaf gomba'laan, pang'- peel (verb) koe'pas, mengoe'pas onan peer menin'djau, lihat 7 sa'kit ha'ti pat (verb) ketok , mengetok' peeved goe'sar, patch (repair) tam'bal, tam'pal pelican boe'roeng oen'dan patch (piece of land) pe'tak pelt koe'lit dom'ba paternity pang'kat ba'pa pen (writing ) pe'na, kolam path dja'lan, loe'roeng pen (wood) pa'sak, pan'tek patience (patient) sa'bar pen (fold) kan'dang patient (sick ) o'rang sakit penalty sik'sa, hoe'koeman, denda' patriot o'rang jang menjin'tai pencil pottelot negSri'nja pending sela'gi, belom di poe'toesken patrol ron'da, pat'rol pendulous tergan'toeng, bergan'toeng pattern tjon'to, toela'dan penetrate ^ma'soek, teroes', melan'tas pauper o'rang mis'kin (mela'rat) penitentiary pendja'ra, pa'soeng, pause perhen'tian boe'wi 2 pave pa'sang da'sar, menda'sarken pennant (pennon) oelar paw kalsi, tjalcar penniless ^ti'da a'da oewang' pawn ga'dai, mengga'daiken penny doe'wit, sateng'ah pi'tjis, pe'ni pawnshop roe'mah ga'dean, pega'- pension oewang' dja'sa, pansi'oen dean people (persons) o'rang2 pay (noun) pemba'jaran, ba'jaran, people (nation) bang'sa, ka'oem ga'dji pay (noun) (installment) peni'tjilan, people (inhabitants) ^ra'jat, o'rang ang'soeran ra'jat pay (verb) (general) ^ba'jar, memba'- pep ga'gah, kakoewafan jar pepper (general) la'da, meri'tja pay (verb) (installments) mengang'- pepper (Spanish or chili) tja'bai, soer, mcni'tjil Iom1x>k pea ka'tjang polong pepper (cayenne) tja'bai ra'wit, peace da'mai, perda'maian lom'bok se'tan DICTIONARY 141 perceive lihat', melihafken, mem- perturbed ma'rah, goe'sar, bing'oeng perha'tiken pertussis ba'toek redjan' percentage da'lem sera'toes, persen' pesky soe'kar, soe'sah perdition koe'toek, la'nat, kakoe'- pest benah' penja'kit sam'par toekan pet (animal) bina'tang pia'raan perfect sampoer'na petition soe'rat permin'taan perfidious mebeloet', menjemoek' petrol (gasoline) ben'sin perforated temboes', bo'long petroleum (kerosene) mi'njak ta'nah perform la'koe, mela'koeken Philippines pilipina kala'- sia2 ti'da performance perboewat'an, petty ketjiT, , bra'pa goena'- koean nja performance (on stage) ton'tonan phonograph gramopoen, peti nja'nji perfume rak'si, mi'njak wa'ngi photo (graph) gam'bar, po'tret perhaps brangka'li, an'tah, boleh photographer toelsang gam'bar o'bat djadi physic (laxative) pcntja'har peril beha'ja, ma'ra-beha'ja (boewang-a'jer) doe'koen perilous bSrbeha'ja physician doktor, ta'bib, toe'boeh period ma'sa, ka'la tem'po, moe'sim physique bang'oenan periphery dja'djahan, dai'rah (ba'dan) periscope tero'pong, ke'ker kapal pick (noun) (tool) alabang'ka, tjoe'- menjelam' tjoek-dan'dang soe'ka perish ma'ti, mSning'gal, mam'poes pick (noun) (choice) pi'lihan, (vulg.) pick (verb) (flowers, fruit) perils', peritoneum sela'poet peroef memetik', poeng'oet memilih peritonitis sa'kit peroef, penja'kit pick (verb) (choose) pilih, ra'dang sela'poet peroet' pick-a-back (carry) meridoe'koeng ka'det perjure ^ma'kan soem'pah, bcrsoem'- pickpocket ka'bil, pah fal'soe picket pa'tjak, an'djir perjury soem'pah djoe'sta (fal'soe) pickles a'tjar permanent kekal', ba'ka, tetap' picture gam'bar, pigoe'ra permission (permit) idzin, permi'si picture (motion) gam'bar i'doep pernicious bina'sa, membina'sa picturesque ba'goes, en'dah, permai perpendicular si'pat (tega') betoel' pie pastel' perpetrate ^bcrboewat', mengerdja'- piece (general) po'tong, pang'gal, ken tam'pang tarn'- perpetual sela'ma-lama'nja piece (woven material) ka'joe, perplex(ed) ^ma'loe, katjelik' pal soe'rat persecute (general) mengoe'sir, piece (writing) memboe'roe piece (scenario) laHcon persecute (annoy) gang'goe, piece (cannon) meri'am 2 kain2 mSnggang'goe piecegoods tji'ta , ba'rang persevere berkan'djang, tetap' 7- pier tempaf naik kada'rat, pang persist (See persevere) person o'rang Crocs' personal sendi'ri pierce-^nelaix'tas, balA personnel o'rang Jang kerdja' pig kadoe/koeng, perspiration ^keringet, peloeh' piggyback kan'dang ba'bi perspire -kaloe'war kering'etan (a'jer pigsty cto'rm peloeh') pigeon (domestic) boe'roeng pertain ma'soek, terma'soek, toe'roet 142 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

pigeon (wild, green) boe'roeng pitch (verb) (throw) lem'par, poe'nai (ka'tik) melem'par pigeon (turtledove) boe'roeng pitch (verb) (a tent) pa'sang, bedi'- perkoe'toet riken pigeon (wild, brown) boe'roeng pitch (verb) (as a ship) ang'goe, tekoe'koer (deroek') mengang'goe-ang'goe pigeon (wood pigeon) boe'roeng boe'li2 pitcher gendi', , goe'joeng derbegem pitsaw grega'dji o'rang doe'wa pile (heap) tim'boenan toem'poekan, pity kasian', sa'jang piles (hemorrhoids) wa'sir, bawa'sir pivot ki'si pilgrim (after a to trip Mecca) ha'dji placard soe'rat tem'pel (templek'an) a to pilgrim (during trip Mecca) place (noun) tempat' naik ha'dji place (verb) ta'roh, mena'roh, boe'- pilgrim (to other sair places) o'rang boeh, memboe'boeh pillar tiang' placenta temboe'ni, ari2 pillow ban'tal (general) placer tam'bang emas' pillow (long roll ) goeling, ban'tal plague penja'kit sam'par (ta'oen) goe'ling plain (open space) pa'rang, da'tar, pillowcase ban'tal sa'roeng me'dan, la'pang pilot (on water) pendoe'ga, pan'doe plain (obvious) ^nia'ta, trang pilot (in the air) djoe'roe terbang' plain (homely) djeleV, ta-tjan'tek pimple bi'soel ketjil' plaintiff (in court) pendak'wa, jang pin (noun) peni'ti menga'doe pin (verb) menjemat' deng'an peni'ti plan (sketch) rantja'na, peta' pincers (pliers) sepit', ang'koep, plan (intention) niat', kahendak, djepit'an ma'oe pincers (big, cutting ) kakatoe'wa, plane ketam', seroet' djepi'tan planet bin'tang beri'dar pinch tjoe'bit, menjoe'bit, mendjepit' plank ^pa'pan pine (tree) poelioen tjema'ra plant (noun) poelioen, polion, po'- pineapple na'nas, boe'wah na'nas kok, toem'boehan pink me'rah moe'da, kesoem'ba plant (verb) ta'nem, mena'nem pin prick toe'soek peni'ti plantain pi'sang pipe (tobacco) pi'pa, paip (Sing.) plantation kebon', ta'neman, peta'- pipe (opium) tjoe'lim, bedoe'dan neman pipe (conduit) tjo'rong, seloe'ran, plaster (noun) perekaf, lepa pan'tjoeran plaster (verb) mele'pa, meles'ter pipeline (for oil) pipa djalanan plate (noun) (dish) pi'ring, ping'gan mi'njak plate (verb) (with gold) menjepoeh' pirate peram'pok di la'oet, ba'djak mas 7 piss kentjing plate (verb) (with silver) menje- pistol pistol, kestoel' poeh' pe'rak platform ^tempaf ting'gi piston kelep' platina(um) emas7 poe'tih pit (general) lo'bang, legok', tela'ga platter pi'ring tje'per, ping'gan ka'joe pit (water well) soe'moer, peri'gi plausible bo'leh djadi, boleh di pit (tank-trap) keloeHDoeran, pertja'ja sereling' play (noun) (general) main, pit (elephant-trap) pendi'at permain'an pitch 2 (noun) (tar) -tir, gala play (noun) (on stage) ton'tonan DICTIONARY 143 play (verb) main, bermain-main point (noun) (extremity) hoe'djoeng, playful soe'ka bermain-main poe'tjoek, poen'tjak playground tempat' main point (noun) (of weapons) ma'ta playing cards kar'toe main point (verb) (to point out) toen'djoek plea (d) beratja'ra point blank teroes'-terang' pleasant sedap', e'nak pointed lin'tjip, ta'djem please beri' soe'ka, menjoe'kaken, poison (noun) (mineral) ra'tjoen memperkenan'ken poison (noun) (animal) bi'sa please (if you please) sila'kan, sila'- poison (noun) (vegetable) oe'pas, kanlah i'poeh pleasure soe'ka, rid'la, kasoe'kaan, poison (verb) ka'si ma'kan(mi'noem) soe'ka-ha'ti ra'tjoen, mera'tjoeni pledge (pawn) ga'dai, ga'de pole (extremity of earth) koetoeb pledge (promise) djan'dji, perdjan'- pole (noun) (pillar) tiang', tja'gak djian pole (noun) (for poling a boat) ka'joe plenipotentiary wa'kil, koewa'sa galah plentiful, plenty kame'waan, ba'njak polecat moe'sang 2 2 pleura sela'poet pa'roe police^ ^poli'si, mata 2 pleurisy penja'kit sela'poet pa'roe policeman oe'pas poli'si (N.E.I.), 2 pliable lemboet', lembek', gam'pang sa-o'rang mata (Sing.) di bengHsokken police station kan'tor polisi (N.E.I.)> pliers djepifan, kakatoe'wa roe'mah pa'song (Sing.) plod kerdja' kras, berlebah' polish mengoe'pam, menggilapken plot (noun) (drawing) rantja'na pollen tepoeng' sa'ri plot (verb) bermoeafa'kat dja'hat pollute bildn ko'tor, mengo'torken, plough (noun) tenggala, ba'djak, mentjemar'ken weloe'koe polygamy ^perma'doean, pemeliha'- plough (verb) meloe'koe, menengga'- raan bi'ni lebih' da'ri sa'toe la, memba'djak pomegranate boe'wah dali'ma ploughshare ta'djak, ma'ta tenggala pond kolam, em'pang plug (general) soem'pat, soem'pel, pongee kain soe'tra perop' pontoon bridge djemba'tan peralioe plug (of tobacco) soe'soer pony koe'da ketjil' (ka'tai) plug (of betel) saka'poer-si'rih, sepah' pool (general) petjom'beran, koc'- plumb (noun) ba'toe doega, si'pat bang gan'toeng pool (mud ) peloem'poeran plumb (adjective) si'pat betoel' p00r mislsin, mela'rat plumber toe'kang ti'mah popular di soe'kai o'rang ba'njak plump mon'tok, gemoek' porcelain beling', tembeOcar plunder ^ram'pas, meram'pas, porch^ sela'sar, seram^bi mendja'-rah porcupine ^lan'dak plunge (noun) tempaf berenang' pore la'bang (li'ang) roe'man pork da'ging ba1>i pneumatic ^teri'si ha'wa rinds -koe'llt ba'bi 2 pork pneumonia ^penja'kit paroe 2 porpoise i'kan loem'ba pock(s) (See pox) porridge boe'boo: pockmarked bo'peng, boe'rik port ban'dar, pela'boctoa pocket sa'koe, kan'tong portal seramla, gang pocketbook (for money) ra'djoet porter peaoeng'gae 7 poet^ pcnga'rang ajalr pin toe 144 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE portion bagian' potable bo'leh di mi'noem 7 portrait peta', gam'bar, porteret potato (European) kentang port wine ang'goer po'ret (port) potato (native) oe'bi position kaa'daan, kadoe'doekan potent koewat', koewa'sa posse (sheriffs) pasoek'an ber- potion o'bat sendja'ta potter o'rang lio, toe'kang koewa'li possess a'da poe'nja, mempoe'njai pottery lio, pemba'karan (da'poer) possession poe'nja, ampoe'nja, mi'lik koewa'li 2 possible bq'leh, bo'leh dja'di pouch (of animal) poen'di , kan'tong post (noun) (pillar) tiang', djenang' pouch (for money) ra'djoet post (noun) (appointment) kerdja', pouch (for tobacco) selepa', tempat' / pakerdja'an, pang kat poultice boe'boer 2 post (noun) (system of conveyance of poultry bang'sa boe'roeng or letters) pos.(N.E.L); mel (Sing.) pound (noun) (weight money) pon post (verb) (mail a letter) ba'wa pound (noun) (for dogs) kan'dang soe'rat di kan'tor pos an'djing post (verb) (put in mailbox) ma'soek pound (verb) toem'boek, menoem'- di lo'bang pos boek post (verb) (give a place) oen'djoek pounder penoem'boek, toem'boekan

tempaf , menoen'djoeken tempat'nja, pour toe'wang, menoe'wang mendja'gaken poverty mis'ldn, kamis'kinan, mela'- post (verb) (obtain inform) da'pet rat ketrangan powder (general) boe'boek, serboek', postage ba'jaran soe'rat, pran'ko tepoeng' postage stamp meterai soe'rat pos, powder (medicine) o'bat loe'mat pran'ko (N.E.I.) stemp (Sing.) powder (face-) bedak' postbox lo'bang soe'rat2 powder (gun-) o'bat bedil' postcard kar'toe pos power (general) koewa'sa, kakoe- poster soe'rat tem'pel, pelekat' wat'an posterior (adj.) dibla'kan, di bela'- power (military, land) ang'katan " kang, di ba'lik da'rat posterior (s) (noun) bela'kang, power (military, navy) ang'katan pan'tat, boe'rit laoet posterity toe'roenan, toer'oen- power (military, air) ang'katan toemoer'an oeda'ra postern (secret door) pin'toe ma'ling pox (black) (small) -tja'tjar, penja'kit postman pasoer'atan, oe'pas kan'tor tja'tjar, katoem'boehan pos (N.EJ.) pox (chicken) tja'tjar a'jer postmaster kapala kan'tor pos pox (Spanish) pa'tek (N.E.I.) ,posmaster (Sing.) practicable bo'leh di boe'wat (bilrin) postoffice ^kan'tor pos (N.E.I.), post practice ^pakerdja'an, la'koe office (Sing.) practise (general) kerdja', mcngcr- postoffice clerk pega'wai kan'tor pos dja'ken, mela'koeken postpone tang'goeh, menang'goehken practise (prepare) bela'djar, posture roe'pa si'kap, lemba'ga mengoesa'haken pot (kitchenware) koewali, bela'nga, pa'so, peri'oek praise (noun) poe'dji pot (flower ) pa'so, pot praise (verb) memoe'dji pot (water ) boe'joeng, tempa'jan praise the Lord ! Alhamdoe'llilahi pot belly peroet' kempoet' prance beron'tak, meroen'djah DICTIONARY 145 pray sembah'jang, berdo'a, min'ta prestige koewa'sa do'a presume sang'ka, menjang'ka, B'ra 2 prayer do'a, semba'jang pretence, pretend poe'ra , dalih preach memba'tja chatbat, menga'- pretext See pretence djar pretty ba'goes, ma'nis preacher pandi'ta, pa'deri prevail menang7 preamble tas'dir, moekada'mat, prevent ta'han, mena'hanken pendoe'loean previous doeloe, lebih' doe'lo* precarious tia'da ten'toe, birn'bang prewar sa-belom'nja perang' precaution penang'kal, sa'rat prey ^mang'sa, ram'pasan precede mendoe'loei, dja'lan price har'ga (da'teng) doe'loe prick toe'soek, tjoe'tjock precious ma'hal, berhar'ga prickly ga'tel, ti'kam precipice tan'djakan, tempaf tjoe'ram prickly-heat ^tjempak', koe'dis, biang precise betoel', deng'an soeng'goeh2 kering'et 2 predicament hal soe'sah pride ^ko'tjak, teka'boer, olo predict bi'lang ra'mal, menenoeng' priest (Mohammedan) penghoe'loe, prefer(ence) pemi'lih, soe'ka lebih' i'mam pregnancy, pregnant boen'ting, ha'-. priest (catholic) pa'deri mil, mengan'doeng priest (pagan) a'djar prejudice sjak prince (reigning)- ra'dja, sjah, jang preliminary dehoe'loe, lebih' doe'loe dipertoe'wan premature la'was, lan'tjar prince (Javanese title) ra'den-adipa'ti, premier (minister) perda'na man'teri ra'den premium (reward) balesan, oe'pah prince (son of king) a'nak ra'dja, prepare sedi'aken, siap'kan poe'tera, pange'ran preposterous moesta'hil, tia'da laik princess ^poe'teri, toe'wan poe'teri prepuce koe'loep principal (chief) ^kapala direktor, presence ha'depan, had'lkat persiden present (now) seka'rang, pa'da ma'sa principal (capital) mo'dal, po'kok i'ni principle (rule) roe'koen, a'toeran present (to be ) faad'lir, berhad'lir principle (basis) po'hon, a'sal, moela present (verb) (give) ka'si, meneri'- print (noun) (foot ) bekas' 7 maken, mengoen'djoek print (noun) (picture) gam/bar, peta present (verb) (to offer for sale) print (verb) (by press) tji'tak, ta'war, mena'warken menji'tak, menera' present (verb) (to offer as a bribe) print (verb) (by stamp) tjap, menjo'rong mengetjap' president persiden' printer penera, penji'tak, toe'kang press (noun) (general) a'pitan, tjap pi'pitan printing-ink tm'ta tji'tak press (noun) (printing) pentii'takan, printing-machine (press) peBtjitafcan, pengetjap'an pcsa'wat menji'tak, penerain press (verb) (general) raenga'pit, printing-type hoe'roef tji'takaii mcmi'pit, mSnin'dih prior sabelom'nja, doc'loe press (verb) (through a wringer or prison pcndja'ra, pa'soeng; boe'wi mangle) menggi'ling, perah' prison warder djoe'roe pasoeng'an, press (verb) (to iron) seterilca penoeng'goe p&idja'ra, ^pk press (verb) (print) tji'tak, menji'tak private (soldier) Bolda'doe, crda'doe, / pressure paVsa, sera^t prloe para'djowt 146 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE private (one's own) di'ri, sendi'ri project (verb) mentjong'ol, menjoe'- private (secluded) soe'nji doer privateer pentjoe'ri, peram'pok di prolific (of soil) gemoek, ba'njak la'oet ha'silnja private property ta'nah merdi'ka prolific (of persons and animals) privation kakoe'rangan, ha'djat bi'ak, ba'njak a'naknja privy djam'ban, ka'mar ketjil', prolong bi'kin pan'djang, meman'- ka'koes (Java) djangken, menjam'boeng prize poe'dji, kapoe'djian prominent teroeta'ma, kapa'la prize fighting djo'tos, mendjo'tos, promise (noun) perdjan'djian menindjau promise (verb) djan'dji, berdjan'dji probable barangkali, bo'leh dja'di promontory tan'djoeng probation tem'po mentjo'ba, a'toeran promote (in rank) naik pang^cat, pertjo'baan mengang'kat probe perik'sa, memerik'sa, promote (favor) toeloeng, menoe'- menjeli'dik loengi problem soe'wal promulgate mengoe'war-oe'war, procedure la'koe, kala'koean mewar'ta proceed djalan (berdja'lan) teroes', prone (general) tia'rap, mengkoe'reb ma'djoe prone (fall on face) kadjeroe'moes proceeds ha'sil, penga'silan, pronounce seboet', menjeboet', poeng'oetan boe'nji process la'koe, djalan, oepa'ja, si'ta proof (witness) sak'si, kania'taan procession a'rak-a'rakan proof (proofsheet) toe'ladan tjap proclaim mengoe'war-oe'war, (tji'takan) mewar'taken propeller penjoe'roeng, ra'goem, procure da'pet, menda'pet, menga'- ki'tiran daken proper pa'toet, ha'roes r prod (noun) ti'kam, toe'soek, tjoe - property (possessions) kapoe'njaan, tjoek kami'likan, har'ta prod (verb) meni'kam, menoe'soek, property (quality) peri', peri'hal, menjoe'tjoek si'fat prodigal pembo'ros property right hak milik (kapoe'- produce ha'sil, mengha'silken, njaan) menga'daken prophet na'bi pro duct (ion) ha'sil, penga'silan prophylactic penang'kal, sa'rat profane (person) o'rang doerha'ka, propose menjo'rong remboek' pengho'djat Allah proposition pengha'depan profane (verb) (swear) mena'djisken, prosecute da'wa, menda'wa, menga'- menghoe'djatken toe'han Allah doe profanity ^hoe'djatan Allah, doerha'ka prosecutor a'doean, o'rang da'wa pro fession pakerdja'an proselyte o'rang moea'laf (gan'ti profit oen'toeng, goe'na aga'ma) profiteer jang o'rang beroen'toeng prospect (noun) pengha'repan da'ri perang/ prospect (verb) (looking for minerals) progress (ion) ^ma'djoe prik'sa ta'nah, tja'ri (mentja'ri) prohibit la'rang, mela'rang(ken) oe'rat emas' dan pe'rak prohibited terla'rang, ha'ram prostitute (noun) pram'iKean djaliat, project (noun) rantja'na soen'del, lon'tc, djo'bong DICTIONARY 147 prostitute (verb) menjoen'del, puppet o'rang-o'rangan, bone'ka

melon'te, mendjo'bong purchase beli'', membeli' prostrate rebah, roe'boeh, pelan'ting pure (general) soe'tji, beresih', protect lin'doeng, melindoeng'ken, bening' r toe'loeng pure (of mind) ha'ti poe'tih (soe tji) proud besar' ha'ti, ko'tjak, som'bong purgative, purge o'bat pentjarhar 2 prove menja'taken, tentoe'ken (boe'wang a'jer), oe'roes f proverb peroe'pamaan, pariba'sa purify member sihken, menjoe'tjiken provide melang'kap(ken), membekal'- purple woe'ngoe, war fna woe'ngoe ken purpose niat, ma'soed provoke gang'goe, menggang'goe, purpos ely senga'dja bi'kin ma'rah 2 menggo'da, purse poen'di , dom'pet, kan'tong prowl dja'lan dengan semboe'ni, oewang' menjelim'pet purslane gelang proximity deket sekali pursue ^menoe'soel, mengoe'sir, a'ti2 2 r prudent , dja'ga baik memboe roe r prune (verb) raeran'ting pursue ( a trade) kerdja ken, dja'- puberty ba'lig, aldl ba'lig lan, mendjalanken public (noun) o'rang ba'njak pursuit plane pesa'wat terbang' pen- r public (open) nja'ta, la'hir go e'siran, ka pal oeda'ra pemboe'roe public (belonging to state) kom'peni, pus ^na'nah goeperrnen' push (noun) toe'lak, so'rong, do'rong f publication soe rat maloe'mat push (verb) menoe'lak, menjo'rong^ 2 (oen'dang ) mendo'rong publish ka'si (member!') talioe, puss (cat) koe'tjing kaloe'warken pustule bi'soel ketjil' puddle tempat' be'tjek (letjak') put ta'roh, mena'roh, menempat'ken pugilist toe'kang go'tjoan (djo'tosari) putrefaction dja'di boe'soek (boe'- pull ^ta'rik, mena'rik, menghela roek) f pull (up or out) tja'boet, menja'boet putrid boe'soek, han tjor pullet a'jam sedeng' putter bebet' (pembaloet) ka'ki 2 pulley poe'teran, ke'rek, ke'rekan putty dempoel', ga'la pulsate (of heart) berdebar' puzzle teka', teka'-teki' bade'an 7 pulsate (of pulse) berdenjoef oe'rat puzzling moes'jHl, gelap na'di pyjamas pa'ke'an ti'doer pulse na'di python oeler sa'wa pumice ^ba'toe tim'boel pump pom'pa pumpkin laHboe quack berkoe'wak-koe'wak punch (tool) ^poe'soet, penjoe'tjoek quadrant sapera'pat boe^let punch (push) ^toelak, do'rong, so'- quadrate empat pesa'gi rong, sentak' quail poe'joeh puncture tjoe'tjoek, ti'kam quaint adjaib, a'ndi 7 lln'doe pungent pedeV quake ketar , mengetar', punish hoe'koem, mSnghoe'koem quality si'fat, peri', kaa'daan (ken) quarantine smg^dran alsan mendja' punka (h) ki'pas, pang'kah (Sing.) ga penja'kit sam'par f pup(py) a nak an'djing quarrel ban'tah, perban'taliaii, pupil (of eye) bi'dji ma'ta setc/ri soe'koc pupil (student) -moe'iid, pSIa'iJJar 148 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

quarter (dwelling) kadoe'doekan, racket (confused noise) roe'soeh, tempat' kadiam'an ge'gcr quarter (coin) satali, saperam'pat radio ra'dio roepi'a radish lo'bak quarter (J4 hour) li'mablas menoet', raft ra'kit, lan'tin sapera'pat djam rafter ka'sau, oe'soek quarter (% year) sapera'pat ta'oen, ragkain pertjah' (boe'roek) ti'ga boelan rage moerlsa, ma'rah quarter (of the moon) perba'ni ragged toe'wa, boe'roek boe'lan raid penjerang'an, pelang'garan, que en permaisoe'ri serang'an f queer adjaib, a'neh railing ^pa ger, pa'ger roe'dji quell (a riot) diam', mendiam'kSn, railway dja'lan kre'ta a'pi menin'des railway car(riage) ^kare'ta a'pi quench ma'dam, mema'damken railway ticket- kar'tjis question ta'nja, perta'njaan, soe'wal rain hoe'djan questionable biro/bang, bing'oeng rain (drizzle) geri'mis, hoe'djan questionnaire daf'tar perta'njaan quick (general) lekas', tjepet', sigera', rainbow bianglala, pela'ngi gan'tjaag raindrop ti'tik (te'tes) a'jer hoe'djan quick (of mind) tjeredik', pin'ter raise (general) ang'kat, mcngang'kat, quicklime ka'poer hi'doep (to'hor) menaikken quicksilver ra'sa, a'jer ra'sa, a'jer raise (children) pia'ra, memeliha'- pe'rak raken quid (of betel) saka'poer-si'rih, raise (a crop) mcndja'diken sepah' raisin kis'mis, boe'wah kis'mis r quid (of tobacco) soe'soer rake (noun) pengga'roek, si'sir ta nah quiet (no noise) diam', saB'nat rake (verb) ^menggaroek ta'nah quiet (lonely) soe'nji, sepi' rakish doeka'na, gaiba'na, tida quilt seli'moet, seperai' ma'loe quinine ki'na rally ^mengoem'poel la'gi quinsy penja'kit le'her ramp (general) toe'roenan, i'ringan quitJepas', ting'gal ramp (in a dock) ka'langan quite ante'ro, sa'ma^sekali, saka'U rampart ^baloewar'ti, keta'loem, quitter pelang'garan wa'djib ben'teng quiver ketar, gentar', goemetar' ramshackle ampir roe'boeh,, toe'wa, quota ba'gian roe'sak quotation ^koe'tipan, seboet'an rancid tengik', tengi' quotation (of price) ka'si har'ga rancour sa'kit ha'ti, dendam' quote seboet', menjeboet'(ken), range (row) ba'ris, dja'djar mengambil, koe'tip range (stove) da'poer, ta'noer

range (rifle ) ta'nah menem'bak

rank (title) ^pang^sat, marta^bat rabbit kelin'tji rank (row) ba'ris

rabble o'rang hi'na-di'na, o'rang rank (bad odor) ba'si, a'njir, boe'soek ketjil' ransack ram'pas, meram'pas, rabies ^gila an'djing inendja'rah race (horse ) perloem'baan koe'da ransom oewang' teboes'an race (lineage) bang'sa, a'sal rap ketok', menggtok' DICTIONARY 149

rape roe'goel, meroe'goel, mengga'- reaping machine pesa'wat menga'rit gahi (memo'tong) rapid tjepat', sigera', lekas' rear (noun)-bela'kang, sebelah' bela'- rapids (in river) djeram' kang, boe'ritan rare dja'rang rear admiral laksama'na rascal o'rang na'kal (djina'ka) rear guard (of army) toe'toep rash (eruption) koe'dis, koe'rap, ko'- (penoe'toep, boen'toet) ba'la reng rear (verb) (raise) pia'ra, memeli- rasp pa'roed, pa'roedan ha'raken rat ti'koes rear (backing up) ^moen'doer rat poison warang'an reason (intelligence) a'kal, boe'di rat trap djepela'kan ti'koes reason (cause) sebab', karena', moela 'ratan ro'tan, pendja'lin rebate ^po'tong, tjengko'long rate a'toeran, pera'toeran rebel (noun) o'rang doerha'ka, dja'- rather lebih' baik hat (Sum.) ratify mengoewat'ken rebellion perga'doehan, roe'soeh rating pang'kat, a'toeran rebellious ^roe'soeh, hoe'roe-ha'ra ratio tim'bang, ban'dingan rebuff ^toe'lak, menoelak, ti'da tri'ma ration mesa'ra, sa'ra, rang'soem rebuild bedi'riken la'gi, memboe'wat rattan ro'tan la'gi ravage meroe'sak(ken) rebuke mentjela', menja'tjad, a'djar rave menga'tjo, mera'tjau recalcitrant la'wan, mela'wan, merin' raven boe'roeng ga'gak (ga'ok) tang ravine djoe'rang recall (call back) pang'gil (mem- raw mentah' ang'gil) komba'H recall 7 raw (of skin) le'tjet (discharge) ka'si lepas , ray si'nar melepas'(ken), mengloe'warken 7 ray (fish) i'kan pa'ri recall (remember) ing'at, kenang raze a'poes, menga'poesken, menja'- recede (general) ba'lik, moen'docr, poe kombafli soe'roet razor pi'sau tjoe'koer recede (of water) toe'roen, soe'rat reach (arrive at) sam'pai, da'pet, receipt (acknowledgment) 7 bero'-leh tan'da tang an reach (reach out to) tja'pai, mentja'- receive ^teri'ma, meneri'ma, da'pet, pai menda'pet recent belom7 la'ma read ba'tj a, memba'tja (ken) ba'roe, ba'roesan, read (read the Koran) menga'dji reception peneri'ma, perdja'moean kor'an reckon Jri'toeng, bHang readjust a'toer (menga'toer) la'gi recline ba'ring, memba'ring ready sedi'a, soe'dah, soe'dah dja'di, reclining berba'ring f- klar (Java), siap (Sing.) reclining chair kro'si mala^ penaba 7 real betoeF, benar , soeng'goeh rfngan really soeng'goeh, sa-soeng'goehnja recluse o'rang berta'pa, sang ta'pa realm ^kara'djaan recognize kenal', mengenaF toeOak mK)c' realty (real estate) ba'rang Jang tia'- recoil (of gun) ba'Ek, da bergerak' lak balik, mnan'toel kenaF ream (of paper) gendang\ ko'di recollect ing'at, reap (row) nga'rit, ba^l^t, po^ong recommend memoe'dji te'lesan, oe'pa^i, paba/fa reaping hook a'rit> sa^tat, tja'roet recompense 150 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE reconcile menda'maiken, membaik'- refuse (noun) sam'pah, am'pas, ken ko'toran reconnoitre menghin'tai, meli'hati refuse (verb) ti'da maoe, tia'da soe'di record (noun) (register) daf'tar regard melihat'ken, memau'dang* record (verb) mendaftar(ken) regent pemeren'tah, pendjoe'roe record (phonograph) pelat', emplek' regiment resimen', pasoek'an masin' o'mong' region dja'djahan, ta'nah, tempat' recourse perlin'doengan register daf'tar recover (from disease) dja'di baik regret (noun) sesal', sa'jang recover (find) da'pet komba'li regret (verb) bersesal', menjesal', recover (cover again) belong'song menja'jangken la'gi, menja'roengken la'gi regular dengan' a'toeran, be'res recruit (noun) (army) solda'doe regulate a'toer, menga'toer, mem- ba'roe be'resken recruit (verb) tam'bah, menam'bahi, regurgitate ^komba'li, ba'lik, menga'lir melang'kapken komba'li rectangle am'pat pesa'gi pan'djang reign ^peren'tah, memeren'tahken, rectangular si'koe memegang pameren'tahan negeri' rectum poe'roes reimburse ka'si komba'li, gan'ti roe'- recuperate dja'di baik ginja rein ta'li les recur (rence) ba'lik, kombali kang, torn, red me'rah rein force mengoewat'ken, redeem teboes', meneboes' menegoeh'ken redress (of grievance) bi'kin baik, reinforcements (more troops) tarn'- membaik'ken bah solda'doe reduce (diminish) bi'kin koe'rang, reinstate ka'si kombali, memba'- mengoe'rangken likken reduce (destroy in war) meroe'- reject toe'lak, menoe'lak, tia'da sakken, membinasaken teri'ma reduce (in weight) dja'di koe'roes relate (narrate) tjeri'ta, menjeri'taken reef (in sail) pi'as rejoice ^soe'ka ha'ti, seneng' reef (rock in sea) ka'rang relation (ratio) tim'bang, ban'- reel li'kasan dingan refill isi la'gi relation (family) koelawar'ga, refine bi'kin a'loes, bi'kin ber'sih persa'nakan member'sihken, menjoe'tjiken relation (connection) perhoe'boengan refinery (sugar) penggi'lingan, pa'- relax berhen'ti, berba'ring-ba'ring berik goe'la release ^melepas'ken refinery (oil) paberik boeat mema'- reliable bo'leh di pertja'ja sak mi'njak relieve (help) toe'loeng, menoe'loeng reflect (meditate) pi'kir, ing'at, relieve (change) gan'ti, menggan'ti kenang' religion aga'ma, iga'ma, iba'dat reflect (cast back to) meman'toel relinquish ting'gal, mening'galken reluctant ti'da maoe, djemoe' refresh gan'ti ba'roe, menja'lin rely mengha'rep-ba'rep, pertja'ja refrigerator tempat' es, tempa'jan remain ting'gal, tetap'

refuge^ tempat' perlindoengan remainder kg^ti^ g'gal ^in^ si'sa refugee orang la'ri remains mait, bang'kai refund (noun) gan'ti, silih remark melihat', mera'sa, menging'at

refund (verb) menggan'ti remarkabl e adja'ib DICTIONARY 151 remedy (medicine) o'bat reputable ^moelia'wan, kahor'matan remember ing'at, menging'atken request (noun) (judicial) soe'rat remind (See remember) permin'taan (permoe'hoenan) remnant si'sa, ham'pas, bekas' request (verb) min'ta, memoe'hoen remorse sesal', to'bat (Pol.) remote dja'oeh requiremin'ta, menga'gih, menoen'- removal pin'dah, dja'oeh toet remove berpin'dah, mendja'oehken requistion mena'gih, memin'tah remunerate memberi' rescue ba'jar, oe'pah melepas' (ken) , meloe'poetken render ka'si, memberi' research ^pemerik'saan deng'an renew (make like new) membi'kin saksa'ma ba'roe ba'roe, menggan'ti resemble sa'ma, bersa'ma roe'pa, renew (start again) moela'i la'gi saroe'pa rent (hire) se'wa, menje'wa reside ting'gal, doe'doek, beroe'mah rental (money) se'wa, oewang' se'wa residence (general) roe'mah 7 repair bi'kin betoel', membetoel'ken, residence (brick) gedong membaiki residence (of princes) asta'na, dalem repatriate ba'lik ka negeri' sendi'ri resident (government official) repeal memba'liki, menia'daken residen', toewan besai/ repeat mengoe'lang, kerdja'ken la'gi resident (inhabitant) pendoe'doek, repel oe'sir, mengoe'sir, mengoen'- pedoe'doek doerken residue am'pas, si'sa, kating'galan replace ta'roh komba'li, gan'ti resign lepas', bren'ti reply (noun) sa'hoet, sa'hoetan, resin da'mar pemba'lesan resist mela'wan, mendoerha'ka reply (verb) menja'hoet, mendja'wab, resolve ten'toeken, menen'toeken, membales memoe'toesken report (noun) (general) pemberi'an resource da'ja, oepa'ja ta'hoe, la'poer, repot (Sing.) respect hor/mat, sembah' report (noun) (of a gun) boe'nji respiration ^na'pas, na'fas report (verb) ka'si ta'hoe, memberi' respire ^berna'pas, mena'pas, ta'rik ta'hoe, ka'barken na'pas represent wa'kil, mewa'kil gan'ti respite mempertang'goehken repress ^menekan, menin'des rest (quiet) diam', saki'nat, perhen'- reprieve menja'barken, melam'batken tian reprimand a'djar, mSnga'djar rest (sleep) ti'doer reprint tji'tak (tjap) la'gi rest (remainder) si'sa, kating'galan, reprisal ^pemba'lesan lebih'nja / reproach membang/kit-bang kit restless ti'da a'da berhenti'nja reprobate o'rang koe'toek (la'nat) restaurant (native) la'pau na'^, reproduce (copy) meni'roe wa'roeng reproduce (procreate) menga'daken, restaurant (native portable) a'ocr mendja'diken restaurant (European) roe'mah reptile ^bina'tang Jang mela'ta ma'kan (mera'jap) (tempaf) republic negeri' jang di memeren'- restitution pergan'tian karoe'giaB tahken pa'da o'rangnja sendi'ri restore (return to owner} -ka' repudiate moeng'kir, menjang^kal komba'li, niembalikfcen repulse ^mengoenMoerken, menoelak restore (repair) Wfcm betocF, balik membetocl'ken, membaikOten 152 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE restrain ta'han, mena'han, menegah'- rice (the entire plant) pa'di ken rice (stalk with grains) pa'di result dja'dinja, pengha'bisan rice (unhusked grains, without resume moelai' la'gi stalks) ga'bah resuscitate menghi'doepken komba'li rice (husked, but unboiled) beras' retaliate memba'les rice (boiled) na'si retard lambat, melam'batken rice (broken grains) menir', beras' menir' retire (fall back) moen'doer retire (go away) pergi', pegi, brang'- rice bird boe'roeng gela'tik kat ricefield (irrigated) sa'wah ricefield retire (go to bed) pegi' ti'doer (dry) hoe'mah, la'dang rice mortar retired bren'ti kredja' (wooden block) retreat moen'doer loem'pang, lesoeng' rice-knife a'ni2 retreat (rest home) tempaf kadiam'an ketam', rice barn sedjoek' (shed) tengka'lang, beras' retribution pemba'lesan loem'boeng, goe'dang rice stamper (pestle) a'loe, an'tan return komba'li, ba'lik, poe'lang rice straw (from da'mi returns peneri'maan stalks) djera'mi reveal menja'taken, mela'hirken da'men, rice straw (from ears) merang' reveille repe'li rich ka'ja, berhar'ta, mam'poe revenge ba'les, pemba'lesan ride (general) ^naik, menaik'i, revenue ha'sil, tjoe'kai reverence hor'mat menoeng'gang ride (of a ship) bertang'gol reversal oen'toeng ma'lang, tjila'ka ridge (of mountain) reverse moen'doer, ka bela'kang pegoe'noengan, perma'tang review (of troops) perik'saan ridge (of roof) pera'boengan, revive hi'doep la'gi (komba'li) revoke menia'daken, membaliki woe'woeng ridicule sin'dir, menjin'dirkSn, revolt (noun) roe'soeh, pergera'kan mengo'loko'lok negeri', doerha'ka pa'da ra'dja riffraffo'rang ketjil' (hi'na-di'na) (goepennen') rifle (general) bedil, sena'pan, revolt (verb) mela'wan, bergerak', sendja'ta a'pi a'djak karoe'soehan * rifle (double barrel) sena'pan kembar1 revolution pergerak'an negeri, (pengan'ten), bedil' doewa la'ras, pembalikan radja (pemeren'tahan, sena'pan moe'loet doe'wa goepcrnemen', kom'peni) rifle (breech loader) sena'pan Jang di revolver pistoel poe'teran, repolper i'si da'ri bela'kang reward ba'lesan, oe'pah rift (quarrel) perma'rahan rheumatism sa'kit (penja'kit) en'tjok rig (for vessel) ta'li2 tembe'rang (sengal') right (righthand side) ka'nan rhin o ceros ba'dak right (true) betoel', benar', pa'toet rhinoceros bird (hornbill) boe'roeng rigid ka'koe, keras', kentjeng cnggang' (toe'kang) rigorous keras', bengis' rhinoceros horn tjoela ba'dak rim (of wheel) tepi', bi'rih rhubarbkalembak' / rim (of hat) ping gir rhythm la'goe, ra'gam ring (on finger) tjin'tjin rib (anatomy) i'ga, roe'soek ring (on wrist) gelang' rib (of palm leaf) li'di, pelepah' ring (on neck) kaloeng rib (rafter) oe'soak, gelegar' ring (on ankle) keron'tjong, 7 ribbon ^pi'ta gelang ka'ki DICTIONARY 153

sun or ring (on moon) gelang'gong, roof (of glass) -a'tap ka'tja ka'langan roof (flat) a'tap pa'pak ring fence pa'ger berkoeli'ling room (in house) ka'mar, bi'lik ma'nis ring finger dja'ri room (space) lega', kaloewas'an ringworm koe'rap root a'kar riot (noun) roe'soeh, perga'doehan root (main root) a'kar oem'bi, i'boe riot (verb) bi'kin karoe'soehan a'kar rip mero'bek, menjoe'wek rope (general) ta'H ripe ma'teng, ma'sak rope (of flax) ta'li ra'mi rise (get up) bang'oen, berdi'ri, rope (of palm fibers) ta'li dock berbang'kit (in'djoek) rise (water) pa'sang rope (of coconut fibers) ta'li rise (beginning)- a'sal, moe'la, sam'boek (sa'boet) bermoela'i rope ladder tang'ga tali risk beha'ja, ma'ra-beha'ja ropemaker toe'kang memin'tal ta'li toe'roet rival mela'wan, mena'war, rose (plant) po'hon (po'kok) ma'war 7 berlom'ba-lom'baan rose (flower) kembang (boe'nga) river soeng'ai, kali (Java) ma'war rivet (noun) patoe lan'tak roseola (dandruff) kelemoe'moer, rivet (verb ) mema'koe, melan'tak ketoem'bai road dja'lan rosin da'mar roadstead la'boean rot dja'di boe'soek, beb'oe roar (noun) peni'kas, gereng', gero' rotary poe'teran roar (verb) meni'kas, menggeroeng' rotate poe'ter, memoe'ter roast pang'gang, memang'gang rough (general) ka'sar, ka'sap, ka'sat roaster pang'gangan, lan'tai besi' rough (in manners) kasar, koe'rang rob ram/pas, meram'pas, meram'pok a'djar robber penja'moen roughly lebih'-koe'rang robust koewat', ga'gah roughness kaka'saran rock (noun) (general) ba'toe round ^boe'lat, boen'der, boen'tar rock (noun) (in sea) ka'rang, rounds (make the -) ka'wal sam'bang, go'song ron'da rock (verb) a'joen, rout la'ri lin'tang poe'kang bera'joen-a'joenan, selo'jongan, routine bia'sa, a'dat la'ma menga'joenken row (noun) (file) dja'djar, ba'ris rocket tjera'wat, pa'nah a'pi row (noun) (quarrel) perban'tahan, roe roe'sa beti'na, mendja'ngan seto'ri pram'poean row (verb) da'joeng, berda'joeng roebuck ki'dang, ki'djang royal tja'ra ra'dja, kara'djaan roll goe'loeng, menggoe'loeng rub go'sok, menggc/sok, menje'ka roll (of a ship) go'jang, bergo'jang rub (massage) pi'djet, memi'djet, roof (general) a'tap, ha'tap, pa'jon oe'roet roof (of tile) a'tap genteng' rub (- the abdomen) menjengkalc' roof (of slate) a'tap ba'toe rubber ka'ret, getah' roof (of shingles) a'tap si'rap rubbish sam'pah, am'pas roof (of corrugated iron) a'tap rubble bong'karan, rom^bakan ti'mah sa'ri rubeola (measles) ijam'pak, sa'kit roof (of grass) a'tap a'lang2 tjam'i^k (da'bag) roof (of palm fibers) a'tap rubric bab> fat'sal dock (in'djoek) perma'ta me'rali, rfianlkamy roof (of split bamboo) a'tap kela'kah ba'toe deti'ma 154 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE rucksack kerpai' sabre (noun)-pedang', kle'wang rudder kemoe'di sabre (verb) memedang', memba'tjok rude ka'sar, koe'rang a'djar pa'da pedang' ruffian bang'sat, o'rang dja'hat sabre sheath sa'roeng pedang' rug (general) seli'moet, kain sack (noun) (general) goe'ni, toe'doeng ka'roeng 2 rug (on floor) permada'ni sack (noun (pouch) poen'di , rugged (terrain) rim'boe, balah, kan'tong bergoe'noeng-goe'noeng sack (noun) (robbing) ram'pas ruin (noun) kabina'saan sack (verb) (place in sacks) ma'soek ruin (verb)- membina'saken, ka'roeng, menga'roengken menjila'kaken sack (verb) (rob) meram'pas, ruins roe'mah roe'boeh (rom'bakan) meram'pok rule (regulation) peren'tah, hoe'koem sacred soe'tji, koe'does ruler (to draw lines) ga'risan, sacrifice (noun) (general) mi'star, dji'daran persembah'an, poe'djaan ruler (governor) pemeren'tah, sacrifice (noun) (to the priest) goebernoer pi'trah rumour ka^bar a'ngin sacrifice (noun) (voluntary) rump (coccyx) toelang boen'toet sedekah' (toeng'ging) sacrifice (noun) (to the souls of run (verb) la'ri, berla'ri deceased) sedekah' ar'wah run (verb) (to flee) la'ri, ming'gat sacrifice (verb) (to give up at a loss) run (verb) (liquids) menga'lir, kaloe'war deng'an roe'gi mele'le sacrilege ^melang'gar ba'rang jang run (verb) (stockings) poe'toes ma'ta soe'tji rung (of ladder) a'nak tang'ga sacrum toelang bela'kang runner (smuggler) mela'riken bea, (bebo'kong) mema'soekken ba'rang gelap' sad soe'sah ha'ti, berdoe'ka-tjin'ta runner (long rug) permada'ni saddle (noun) se'la, pela'na pan'djang saddle (verb) ta'roh sela, mena'rohi rupee (B.I. coin) roepi'yah (Sing.) se'la, mengena'ken sela rupture (hernia) boe'roet safe (iron safe) lema'ri besi', rural padoe'soenan peti' besi' f ruse ti'poe (oepa ja) perang' safe (no danger) santau'sa, sela'met rush 2 lekas , melekas^ken, safety deng'an sela'mat memboe'roe-boe'roe safron koemkoe'ma, saperan' Russia negeri' Roe'sia, ta'nah sag melentoer', melengkoeng' Roeslan sago sa'goe rust ta'H besi', keraf sail (noun) la'jar rustle mengri'sik, mendesah' sail (verb) bela'jar rusty bertalii sailing vessel ka'pal la'jar rut (mating season) moe'simnja sailor kala'si, a'nak pra'hoe 2 bina'tang bgrk'ki (berdjan'tan) sailyard ^peroe'wan, an'dang2 rut (track) bekas' ro'da saint o'rang soe'tji, baga'wan rut (habit) bia'sa, a'dat la'ma sake kra'na, sebab', baik'nja, rutabaga lo'bak koe'ning oen'toek ruthless bengis, ti'da berkasian' salacious ^ledzat, nikmat salad sala'da salad oil mi'njak sala'da 7 sabot (wooden shoe) baliak salary ga'dji, traktemcn DICTIONARY 155 sale pendjoe'walan savage ga'rang, ga'lak, bengis' salesman toe'kang djoe'walan, save toeloeng, menoeloengi, pendjoe'wal memeliha'raken saliva loe'dah, a'jer loe'dah savin gs oewang' sim'pen salt (noun) (material) ga'rem saw grega'dji salt (noun) (taste) a'sin sawdust ta'hi (a'boek) grega'dji salt (verb) mengga'remi say ka'ta, berka'ta, bilang, membi'- salt shaker tempat' ga'rem lang, bitja'ra, menga'taken saltpetre senda'wa scab (crust of wound) keroe'ping, salutation ta'bik, sa'lam. oe'pil sembah' (pol.) scabies ^boe'doeg', goe'dig salute (noun) pemberi'an hor'mat scaffold (for execution) tempat' salute (verb) member!' hor'mat gan'toengan salvage meloe'poetken scaffold (for building) peran'tjah, Salvation Army o'rang aleloe'ja tang'ga, sete'ger (Bat.) scald loe'ka ang'oes (kaba'kar), salve (medicine) palet, ka'sai, kaba'karan kena' a'jer bedi'di mi'njak (o'bat) pa'let (ka'sai) scale (weighing) tim'bangan, da'tjin same djoe'ga, saroe'pa, sa'ma scale (part of skin) sisik, koelit, sample tjon'toh oe'dil kar'sik sand (noun) pa'sir, , scanty dja'rang, ma'hal, ki'kir sand (verb) go'sok, menggo'sok scapula bali'kat sandal ka'soet, teroem'pah, tjar'poe scar pa'roet, bekas' loe'ka sandalwood ka'joe tjenda'na scarce dja'rang, ma'hal 7 sandbar pa'sir, beting scare ka'get, kedjoef 2 sandfly a'gas scarecrow pa'tjau, ki'tiran, kelon'tang sandpaper kertas' penggo'sok scarf (European) sjal, tja'la Sanscrit sangkereta' scarf (native) slen'dang sap a'jer, perah', peresan' s carl eti na penja'kit djengkering' sapphire perma'ta ni'lam scatter ham'boer, mengham'boerken, r sappy bera'jer menjebar 2 sarcasm sin'diran, olok scent (pleasant) gan'da, ba'ae ha'- sardine i'kan sar'din (sardin'tjis) roem (wa'ngi) sash (belt) sa'boek, i'kat ping'gang scent (unpleasant) ba'oe boe'soek satan se'tan, sjai'tan scheme (noun) rantja'na satire persin'diran scheme (verb) mere'ka, merantja'- satisfaction persam'paian, naken bennoe'was scholar (student) pela'djar, moe'rid satisfactory sam'pai, tjoe'koep scholar (sage) o'rang aliin (beril'- satisfy bi'kin senang', menjenang'- moe) ken, mendiamnsen school sekolah, tempaf bela'djar saturate (d) ^kenjang', poe'was schoolmaster goe'roe, penga'd^r Saturday ^ha'ri sap'toe, ha'ri a'nam schooner ka'pal bertiang' doe'wa (Sing.) sciatica en'tjok pangkal palia satyr an'toe-alas, an'toe-oe'tan science il'moe, pengeta'hoean sa'os sauce koe'wah, scissors goen'ting saucepan pengo'rengan, koewali scold (verb) menggebos', saucer pi'ring maid2 saucisse so'sis scolding gebos', gera', saucy bcra'ni, koe'rang a'djar sausage (See saucisse) scoop penggali, si'woer, 156 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE scorch ba'kar, memba'kar, meng- seaplane ka'pal terbang' la'oet gang'gang seaport pela'boean score (count) i'toengan, djoem'lah search ^tja'ri, mentja'ri, menjo'ba score (twenty) ko'di, doe'wa-poe'loe searchlight ^lam'poe la'ngit, si'nar scorpion ka'la-djengking' mela'ngpit scorpion (big, black) ketoeng'geng searchwarrant soe'rat perik'sa roe'- scoundrel bang'sat, o'rang djaliat mah, soe'rat pamerik'saan roe'mah scour gc/sok, menggo'sok(ken) sea robber peram'pok di la'oet scrap (piece) po'tong, po'tong ketjil' (ba'djak) seasick scrap (fight) perkela'hian ma'bok oem'bak scrape menga'oet, mengo'kot seasleeve (big) goeri'ta seasleeve 2 i'kan scratch (noun) pa'roet, ga'roek (small) tjoe'mi , noes sea weed 2 scratch (verb) ga'roek, mengga'roek, (for jelly) a'gar , boe'nga menga'kar ka'rang scrawny koe'roes season (general) moe'sim, tem'po scream bertere'ak, mendjerit' season (dry) moe'sim pa'nas moe'sim screen bi'dal, kerai', la'jar season

maloe shingle (roof ) si'rap f shape roe'pa lemba'ga, ba'ngoen shingle (name-sign) ala'mat, pa pan share (noun) (section) ba'gian, ala'mat beha'gian ship ka'pal, peraHioe share (noun) (blade of plough) ma'ta shipwreck ^ka'ram (tenggelem') tengga'la ka'pal, tjila'ka deng'an ka'pal shark I'kan hioe (tjoe'tjoet) shipyard ga'langan (bang'sal) ka'pal sharp (cutting) ta'djem, ran'tjap shirt kame'dja 7 sharp (pointed) lin'tjip, berpoe'tjoek shiver gemeter , mendero'dok sharp (pain) perih' shoal (of fish) ka'wan, keloem'poeng 7 sharp (fighting) ba'nget, sa'nget shoal (shallow place) pa'sir, beting sharpen bi'kin ta'djem, go'sok, shock ban'ting, pembentoer'an menga'sah, mena'djemken shocktroops solda'doe jang menga'- sharpshooter ^toe'kang menem'bak moek (melang'gar, menjerang') terkena' shod (a horse) soe'dah pa'sang- besi' / shave tjoe'koer, menjoe koer koekoe'nja shawl sjal, tjala shoe (noun) sepa'toe, ka'soet she dia, ia shoe (noun) (for horse) besi' kald she (plural) dia o'rang (koe'koe) 7 sheaf ilat, berkas shoe lace ^ta'li sepa'toe shear 7 (of sheep) menggoen'ting shoot (noun) (branch) toe'nas, soe - 7 shears goen'ting besar loeng, poe'tjoek sheath sa'roeng shoot (noun) (rapids) penderes'an, shed (noun) (water-) pemi'sahan djeram' a'jer shoot (noun) (sliding board) pelin'- shed (noun) (hut) bang'sal tjiran, peloeng'soeran shed (verb) (throw off skin) gan'ti (bergan'ti) koe'Ht shoot (verb) (with gun) tem'bak, membedil' shed (verb) (change feathers) menem'bak, menoe'kar boe'loe shoot (verb) (with bow) mema'nah bi'ri2 dom'ba sheep ^kam'bing , shoot (verb) (with blowpipe) sheet (bed ) seperai', kain sli'moet menjoem'pit sheet helai7 (of paper) lembar/, shop (for business), (small native) sheet (of metal) empelek', pa'pan wa'roeng, kedai (Sum. and Sing.) shelf pa'pan shop (European) to'ko DICTIONARY 159

to shop (place work) tempat' side sabelah', si'si, tepi', ping'gir bekerdja' (memboe'wat), beng'kel sidedoor pin'toe di i'ringan shore da'rat, da'ratan, pesisir, pan'tai, sidewheeler ka'pal a'sep bero'da ping'gir (tepi') la'oet siege (noun) kepoeng'an, short (not long) pen'dek pengepoeng'an 7 short (not tall) ka'tai siege (verb) mengepoeng short (in time) ti'da la'ma, tala'ma siege artillery ^meri'am pengepoeng'an / short (not enough) koe'rang, ti'da siesta berba'ring (ti'doer) teng ah (ta) tjoeHsoep ha'ri shorten bi/kin pen'dek, memen'- sieve sa'ringan, penga'jakan dekken, mering'kesken sigh mengeloeh', ta'rik na'pas shorts tjela'na pen'dek sight (of gun) ma'ta, in'tjeran shot (from a gun) das, boe'nji, sight (eye-sight) penglihaf (an), pasang'an ma'ta shot (from an arrow) pema'nah sight (phenomenon) wah'joe, roe'jat shot (small beads of lead) mi'mis, sight (appearance) roe'pa penam'boer sign (symbol) tan'da f shoulder balioe, poen'dak sign (trace) bekas shout bertere'ak, mendjerit' sign (signal) isja'rat, tan'da, shove do'rong, so'rong, menjo'rong semboe'jan shovel pengga'li, soe'doek sign (light on ship) soe'war show (noun) (play) tonton'an, signature tan'da tang'an kome'di silent (not speaking) diam', tia'da show (verb) ka'si lihaf, toen'djoek, bersoewa'ra menoen'djoek silent (not making any noise) ti'da shower ri'boet, hoe'djan-ang'in, hoe'- berboe'nji djan ri'boet silk soe'tra shrapnel peloe'roe a'pi jang meletos' silkworm oe'lat soe'tra shrewd tjeredik, pin'ter, bi'sa sill am'bang, i'boe shriek mendjerit', menjoe'rak silly bo'do, sar'sar, gila shrill nja'ring silver pe'rak, sela'ka shrimp (general) oe'dang, oe'dang similar sama, saroe'pa, sama'tjam loe'boek simple ^sedarha'na, tia'da kore Singapoe'ra (Sing.) singe ha'ngoes, meng^a'ngoesife, sick sa1dt ba'kar, membalcar

f endi'ri, sai/rang&i, sickening moe waly enek, maoe single (alone) moen'tah sendi'rian sickle a'rit, sa'bit, tja'roet single (unmarried) boc'djang kao sickness ^penja'kit, sa'kit singlet bafdjoe 160 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE sink (noun) tempat' tjoe'tji paring skin (verb) koe'pas (mengoe'pas) sink (verb) ('intrans.) tenggelem', koe'lit, mengelet', mengoe'Hti ka'ram, menjelem' skipper kapitan, nako'da, djoera'gan 7 sink (verb) (transitive) meneng- skirmish berkela'hian ketjil gelemken skirt sa'roeng, kain, bebed sip i'sep, mengi'sep skull tangkoe'rak, ba'toe (tempoe'- sir toe-wan roeng) kapa'la sire (high title) doe'li toewankoe sky lang'it, tjakrawa'la; (pol.) skyscraper roe'mah (gedpng') ting'- sire (male horse) koe'da djan'tan gih seka'li f slack (of rope) lembek, kendor sirup (syrup) setrop', seteroep', slack (of bolt) long'gar a'jer goe'la slake (of lime) mema'tiken sister (general) soeda'ra pram'poean slam (a door) ban'ting, memban'ting sister (if older) ka'ka(ng), kakan'da slander (noun) fit'nah, oem'pat, toe'- (pel.) kasan sister (if younger) a'dik, ade slander (verb) memfit'nah, sister-in-law i'par pram'poean mengoem'pat, menoe'kas sit (general) doe'doek, sema'jam, slanting mi'ring, tjenderoeng', bersema'jam se'rong sit (squat) djong'kok, berdjong'kok slap tam/par, menam'par, tempiling sit (on legs) bersi'la slash po'tong, memo'tong, meng^raf sit (birds) hing'gap, berhing'gap slate (for writing) papan (ba'toe) site texnpat'., ta'nah toe'lis situation (location) ada'nja, doe- slate (for roofing) gendeng' ba'toe doek'nja slaughter (for meat) po'tong, memo'- situation (job) pakerdja'an tong, memban'tai situation (circumstance) peri'-hal, slaughter (murder) boe'noeb, kaa'daan memboe'noeh sitz-bath perman'dian rendem'an slave boe'dak, saha'ja " six a'nam, enam, nem, a'nem slay (See murder) sixteen anamblas', anemblas' sled penge'retan, ke'ser sixteenth (fraction) per-anamblas' sledge pa'loe f sixteenth (ordinal) ka-anamblas sleep ti'doer, bera'doe sixth (fraction) per-a'nem (a'nam) sleep (of the limbs) kasemoet'an, sixth (ordinal) ka-a'nem (a'nam) pirai sixtieth (fraction) per-a'nam-poe'loe si eepy mengan'toek sixth (ordinal) ka-a'nem (a'nam) sleeve tang'an ba'djoe, lengan' sixty a'nam-poeloe ba'djoe slender size besar'nja, kaloe'wasan ram'ping, lara'pai, djin'djang slice (noun) i'ris, i'risan, sapo'tong skate (fish) i'kan pa'ri slice (verb) mengi'ris skein (bundle) toe'kal slide gelm'tjir, mele'set, keple'set skeleton (frame, general) ra'gangan slim (See slender) skeleton 2 (bones) toelang , renong'- slime be'tjek, loem'poer kong, djerangnsong slip gelin'tjir, tergelin'tjir, kaple'set sketch rantja'na, peta' slipper ^tjene'la skill kapan'daian, kapin'teran, slippery li'tjin kabi'saan slit po'tong, belah' skin (noun) koe'Et slitter (of bullets) bersoe'wit DICTIONARY 161 sliver soe'soeb snakebite pa'goet (pa'toek, gi'git) slope toe'roenan, i'ringan oe'ler slow (not fast) snare perla'han-la'han, (noun) dji'rat, djeraf , ka'la 2 lam'bat plan , snare (verb) mendji'rat, menan'djol slow (lazy) ma'les snatch reboet', mereboet', ram'pas slow (quietly) a'lap, san'toen sneak menjeli'nap, menjelim'pet sludge loem'poer kentel' sneer sin'dir, menjin'dir slug (bullet) pe'lor, peloe'roe sneeze bersin', belang'kis sluice pin'toe a'jer snipe (bird) boe'roeng senip' slur (libel) pa'roet (teroelek) small (not big-) ketjil' sniper (sharpshooter) toe'kang small (not much) sedildt menem'bak semboe'ni smallpox (See variola) snoop ^tjeha'ri, mentjeha'ri smart (sharp pain) peri' snore dengkoer', mendengkoer', smart (capable) pan'dai, H'sa, pin'ter mengo'rok smash menghan'tj oerken, snow tsaldjoe r meremoek'ken snub sentak , menjentak(i) smear loe'moe, meloe'moerken, so (to this extent or that) begi'ni, mentjemar'ken begi'toe, demildan smell (noun) (general) ba'oe, gan'da so (if) dji'ka, ka'lau* djika'lau smell (noun) (pleasant) ba'oe wa'ngis soak rendem', merendem' (a'roem) soap sa'boen smell (noun) (unpleasant) ba'oe soar terbang' ting'gih boe'soek sob sedoe', sedan', keloeh' smell (verb) (to have odor) beba'oe, sober sioe'man, seger' berba'oe society ^persekoe'toean, kong'si smell (verb) (to perceive) memba'oe, sock ^kaos, sa'roeng ka'ki mentjioem' sod (grass) emplek'an roem'poet, smile senjoem', tersenjoem', me'sem, gebalan berme'sem soda water a'jer blan'da (wolan'da) lembek' smith (general) toe'kang so ft empoek', lemboet', smith (gold) toe'kang mas, kemas'an soften (up) (by bombing, etc.) melemboet'ken smith (black) toe'kang besi' ang'kat kakoewafan, smoke (noun) a'sep soil (earth) ta'nah ko'toran smoke (verb) (to give off smoke) soil (dirt) mema'teri bera'sep, kaloe'war asep'nja solder pa'teri, soldier serda'doe, lasjkar, smoke (verb) (to smoke tobacco) solda'doe, ma'kan, mi'noem, mengi'sep pra'djoerit smoke (verb) (to smoke food) sole (of foot) tela'pakan menga'sepken, menggang'gang sole (fish) i'kan li'dah sole toeng'gal, sendi'ri smooth (of solids) li'tjin, ra'ta (only) smooth (of water) tenang' solely sa'dja solemn oepatja'ra smother ma'ti, mema'tiken, deng'an kras memadam'ken solid koewaf, kentjeng' 2 a sac/rang di'ri, smoulder kelip' solitary (of person) tebel' sendi'rian a'sep (goeli'ta) " smudge 1 / solitary (of a place) soe'nS, sep mela'riken bea (tjoe kai) smuggle / 1 kasoe mema'soekken ba'rang gelap' solitude n|aii solution katrang'an, kapoe'tocsan snail si'poet snake oe'ler solve n^nerangken, memoe'toskii 162 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE sombre soe'ram, berdoelsa-tji'ta space (space between) anta'ra, some sedi'kit, ada Jang spade (general) pengga'li r somebody sao'rang, sia noe spade (native) pa'tjoel, tjang'koel somersault tersoeng'sang spank tam'par, menam'par, menepok' 2 2 something a'pa , ba'rang a'pa spark peletife/an a'pi, boe'nga a'pi 2 2 sometimes ka'dang , tem'po sparkling (of stars) goemir'lap, somewhat -saba'gi, sedi'kit berki'lat somewhere ba'rang dima'na sparkling water a'jer blan'da 2 son a'nak la'ld (djan'tan) sparrow boe'roeng gere'dja son (adopted) a'nak ang'kat spawn (noun) telor' i'kan son-in-law menan'toe speak ^bitja'ra, berbitja'ra, o'mong, r song nja'njian, pan'toen, la'goe ka ta, berka'ta, tja'kap (Sing, and sonorous baik (ba'goes) boenji'nja Sum.), bertja'kap (Sing, and Sum.) soon lekas', sabentar' la'gi spear toem'ba, lembing' f soot djela'ga, sa'wang, a'rang pa'ra special istime'wa, choe soes soothe mendiam'ken speck no'da, ti'tik sorcerer(ess) (good) peri spectacles ka'tja-ma'ta, tjeremin' sorcerer(ess) (bad) poewaTra ma'ta sorcery ho'bat, ho'batan spectator o'rang menon'ton sore (painful) sa'kit speech perka'taan, penga'djaran, sore (wound) loe'ka, poe'roe perbitja'raan sorrow soe'sah ha'ti, doe'ka tji'ta speed (noun) sigera', lekas', tjepat' sorry sa'jang, menja'jangken, sesal' speed (verb) dja'lan (berdjalan) 2 sort rna'tjem, ba'gai, roe'pa, djenis' lekas' (deng'an sigera') sortie (by troops) mengeloe'wari speedlimit ^wa'tes sigera' (lekas'nja) soul dji'wa, nja'wa spend (money) belan'dja, membelan'- sound (noun) (noise) boe'nji, djaken soewa'ra spend (time, etc.) pa'kai, memaTsai, sound (verb) (noise) berboe'nji mempergoe'naken sound (noun) (measure depth) doe'ga sphere boe'lat, bc/la 2 sound (verb) (measure depth) spice boemboe ^la'wa2 2 meiidoe'ga spider , kemang'ga, la'ba 2 2 soup (native) sa'joer, koe'wah spider's web sa'rang la'ba (la'wa ) soup (European) sop, kal'doe spike pa'koe besar' soup dish (plate) pi'ring da'lem spill toem'pah, menoem'pahken 7 sour a'sam, ma'sam, a'sem spin (a thread) memin'tal benang / source hoe'loe, pang kal, a'sal, moe'la spinach ba'jem r south se!a tan, ki'doel spine (backbone) toe'lang bela'kang r southeast tangga ra spine (thorn) doe'ri southern da'ri H'doel (sela'tan) spirit (soul) roh, nja'wa, dji'wa Southern Cross bin'tang pa'ri spirit (spook) se'tan, an'toe (toliok) spirit (mind) boe'di southward ka kidoel (sela'tan) spirits (alcohol) a'rak southwest ba'rat da'ja spit (verb) (expectorate) berloe'dah soe'- sow (fern, pig) in'doeng ba'bi, ba'bi spit (noun) (barbecue) pa'tjak, pram'poean djen sow (verb) (seed) mena'boer, spittoon peloe'dahan, tempat' loe'dah 7 menjebar spite (noun) sesal', sa'jang, ketjil' ha'ti space (noun) tempat' le'bar (lega'), la'pang spite (verb) bersesal', menjesal' DICTIONARY 163 splash meretjik', mentjoe'rat squelch menekan', menin'dSs spleen a'nak lim'pa, lim'pa ketjil' squib petas'an, mertjon' splen.did moe'lia, in'dah squid tjoe'mi2 splinter soe'soeb, tetal' squint djoe'ling, dje'reng split belah', membelah' squirrel ba'djing, toe'pai spoil (noun) (prize) ram'pasan, squirrel (flying )koerbong ram'pokan squirt menjemperot', menan'tjoet / spoil (verb) (damage) bildn roe'sak, stab toe'soek, menoe'soek, ti kam, dja'di boe'soek, meroe'sakken meni'kam spoke (of wheel) roe'dji, a'nak djan'- stable (general) kan'dang tera stable (special for horses) gedo'gan, spoke (lever) pengoem'pil bang'sal koe'da sponge boe'nga (kembang') ka'rang stableboy ^toe'kang koe'da, sais spool to'rak (Sing.) spoon sen'dok stack (naun) toem'poekan, soe'soen sport main, bermain stack (verb) menoem'poek, menjoe'- spot (speck) no'da, ti'tik soen spot (place) tempa^ stag roe'sa, mendjang'an spat (verb) (detect, locate) menda'- stage (platform) pang'goeng pet, mera'sa stage (coach) kare'ta pos spotted belang', toe'toel, berintik stagger selo'jongan, hoe'joeng- spout (of roof) ta'lang, pan'tjoeran hoe'joengan sprained terpli'oet, kaseli'oe, sa'lah stagnant (water) tenang' oe'rat stain (to dye) tjeloep', menjeloep'' spray (sprinkle) tempi'as, si'ram stain (to soil) Wkin ko'tor, meloe'- spread (of disease) ham'boer, moerken mengham/boer, djang'Ht, mendjang'- stair (step) a'nak tang'ga kit stairs (staircase) tang'ga spring (water course) ma'ta a'jer, stake (pole) tiang peri'gi, soem'ber stake (share) bagian', tjam'poer, spring (verb) (jump) loem'pat, besero' meloem'pat stale (old) -la'ma sprinkle (See spray) stale (spoilt food) ba'si, a'pek sprout toe'nas stalk (noun) tang'kai, ba'tang sprue (mouth disease) seria'wan stalk (verb) (of game) menjoe'soel 2 sprue (in infants) goe'wam deng'an semboe'ni (hendap' ) spur (for horseback) pa'tjoe stall (See stable) 2 spur (of cock) ta'dji, ta'gil stallion koe'da djan'tan (la'ki ) spurious (money) fal'soe, ti'da baik s tammer ga'gap 2 spy (noun) mata , p^nghin'tai stamp (noun) (postage ) peran'ko spy (verb) ^hin'tai, mengin'tai, (Java), meterai' soe'rat pos, stemp mengin'tip (Sing.)^epala ra'dja squad (noun) (of troops) pasoek'an stamp (rubber ) tjap squall ang'in bera'lih-alih stamp (mark) tan'da, alafmat squander ^memboewang'-boewang' stamp (verb) (with foot) aQacog&i- square am'pat perse'gi, pesa'gi djak', menggeretak' squat djong'kok, berdjang'kok stamp (verb) (general) toemfx>eik, squeak mentji'tjit menoem'boek stand squeeze ^menga'pit, memeres', memi'- stand (verb) (to up) foedfri, pit 164 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE stand (verb) (endure) ta'han, mena'- step-son a'nak ti'ri han, mendri'ta sterile (of women) man'doel, ga'boek standard (ensign) ala'mat, bande'ra sterile (of animals) ma'djir, man'doel, kara'djaan ga'boek standard (fixed) tentoe', tetep' stern (of ship) boe'ritan star bin'tang stew toe'mis, menoe'mis, reboes' starboard sabelah' ka'nan ka'pal stick (noun) (walking ) toeng'kat lekaf (pra'hoe) stick (verb) (adhere) , berlekaf , starch kan'dji menem'pel stare (look at) menga'mat-a'mati, stick (verb) (to be obstructed) renong' tersang'koet, dem'pet start (noun) (beginning) moela, sticky lekat' permoe'laan stiffen bi'kin. ka'koe, dja'di ka'koe start (verb) moe'lai', memoelai' (keras') starting (causing) menga'daken stiff ka'koe, keras, kentjeng startled terkedjoet' still (silent) diam starvation kela'paran still (yet)-la'gi, ma'si starve ma'ti la'par still (distillery) -tempaf koe'koes state (country) negeri', kara'djaan (ma'sak) a'rak state (condition) hal, peri' still (vessel for distillery) pengoe'- station (rank) pang'kat koes(an) station (depot) stasion', tempat' sting (noun) (of bee) sengaf, an'toep perhen'tian sting (verb) menjengat', mengan'- stationery peka'kas toelis (menoe'lis) toep statue pa'toeng stingy seka'ker, ki'kir, pelit statute hoe'koem, sjariat stink ba'oe boe'soek statutory satoe'djoe deng'an hoe'- stipend traktemen', ga'dji (belan'dja) koem ta'oenan stay (remain) ting'gal, tetep' stipulate berdjan'dji stays (of ship) tembe'rang stir gerak', menggerak'(ken) steady tetap', tegoeh', koewat' stirrup sanggoer'di, pemi'djak steak da'ging go'reng stitch (noun) (of knitting) ma'ta steal tjoe'ri, mentjoe'ri, mailing stitch (verb) (to sew) mendja'it, steam a'sep, oe'wap, koe'koes menjoe'lam steamboat (ship) ka'pal a'pi (a'sep) stockade koe'boe steam engine pesa/wat a'pi (a'sep) stocking sa'roeng ka'ki, ka'os steel wa'dja, ba'dja stomach ^peroet, tempat' ma'kan steep ^tjoe'ram, tan'djak stone (general) ba'toe steep (verb) tjeloep', menjeloep' stone (brick) ^ba'ta, ba'toe ba'kar

(ken), rendem' stone (precious ) perma'ta steer (verb) pe'gang kemoe'di, stone (seed in fruit) bi'dji mendja'lanken stool (seat) kro'si, bang'koe ketjil' stem po'kok, ba'tang stool (footstool) a'las (bang'koe) step (of stairs) a'nak tang'ga ka'ki step (stride) lang'kah stool (commode) perboewang'an step (mark of foot) bekas' ka'ki a'jer, peti' djam'ban step-brother i'par stoop ^toen'doek, bertowi'doek step-daughter a'nak ti'ri stop (to cease) berhen'ti, diam' step-father ti'ri ba'pa (pa) stop (to restrain) ta'han, mena'han 7 step-mother i'boe (Smak ) ti'ri (ken) DICTIONARY 165 stop (to intercept) a'dang, menga'- strap ta'li koe'lit dang straw merang', roem'poet kring 7 stop (to plug) soem'pel, mengoem'- stray ^kasa'sar, sesat pa stream (river) soe'ngai, kali stopper soem'pat, soem'pel, pen- stream (current) ha'roes joem'bat street dja'lan, loe'roeng storage sim'penan streetcar tram, lis'trik store (noun) (warehouse) goe'dang, streetwalker (prostitute) soen'del, gedong' djo'bong, lon'te store (noun) (shop) to'ko, goe'dang strength koewat', kakoewat'an ^bildn 7 store (noun) (small native) wa'roeng, strengthen koewat , kedai' (Sum .and Sing.) mengoewat'ken, menegoehHsen store (verb) sim'pen, menjim'pen strenuous oesa'ha 7 stork ba'njo, boe'roeng lak'lak stress ^koewat , keras' stretch 7 storm ri'boet, a'ngin ri'boet (to spread out) bentang , story (narrative) tjeri'ta, tjeri'tera, mementang' hika'jat stretch (in yawning) mengeli'sah story (floor) ting'kat stretcher go'tongan, oe'soengan, stout (of persons) gemoeV le'rang stout (of rope) tebel', koewat' stricken kena' f stove da'poer, ta'noer, ang lo strike (verb) (general) poe'koel, strafe tem'bak (menem'bak) da'ri memoe'koel a'tas, la'berak da'ri kapal oeda'ra strike (verb) (with hand) tam'par, straggle (r) kating'galan, kabela'- menam'par, tempiling kangan strike (verb) (with fist) mendjo'tos, straight lempeng, loe'roes, teroes' menggo'tjo straight ahead dja'lan teroes' strike (verb) (with stick) menen- straight forward teroes'-terang' toeng', memaloe strain (verb) (filter) ta'pis, mena'pis, strike (verb) (with hammer) han'tem, menja'ring menghan'tem, poe'koel strain (verb) (dislocate) terpeli'oet, strike (verb) (with whip) memetjoet', salah oe'rat menjam'boek strain (verb) (try hard) tjo'ba strike (verb) (to stop work) bren'ti 7 (mentjo'bai) keras' kredja', ti'da ma'oe kredja strait (of sea) selaf strike (verb) ( gold, oil, etc.) da'pet, Straits Settlements (Singapore, etc.) menda'pet ti'ga boe'wa negeri strike (verb) ( a match) pa'sang strand (noun) (beach) pan'tai, gere'tan psi'sir, ping'gir la'oet string tali ra'mi strand (noun) (of yarn) toe'kal strip (disrobe) boe'ka pakaian' strand (verb) (to beach a vessel) strip ( off bark) koe'pas, mengoe'- melang'garken, pan'tai, menaik^en pas kada'rat (to rob) ram'pas, meram'pa^ stranded (persons) tersang'koet, strip kasang'koet striped (general)~berga'ri%bertjo'rek- strange (peculiar)- a'neh, hai'ran tjo'rek 7 strange (unknown) a'sing, da ri loe'- striped (of animals) do'reng, war belang* stranger c/rang a'sing (lain negeri') stripped (naked) 4Han'

meni'wasken sugar (palm ) goe'la a'ren (dja'wa) 7 subject (verb) (provided) koewat sugar (cubes, lumps) goe'la ba'toe kena, bo'leh kena' (dja'di) sugar (powdered) goe'la pa'sir 7 submarine ka'pal menjelam' (selam', sugarcane teboe seloe'loep) sugarmill (factory) penggi'lingan 7 submerge tengelem teboe', pa'berik goela submit ^toen'doek, menoen'doek, suggest remboek', meremboek'ken, mena'loekken mengoe'pak subordinate diba'wah pren'tah suicide bi'kin ma'ti di'ri, pemboe'- subpoena dak'wa, si'ta, soe'rat si'ta noehan di'ri subscribe (agree) safa'kat tjo'tjok, suit (noun) (law ) atja'ra, bitja'ra, subsidiary ^peno'long perka'ra substitute gan'ti suit (noun) (clothes) pakaian' subterranean diba'wa ta'nah suit (noun) (a set) saperang'kat, subtract ^po'tong, memo'tong, toelak sapa'sang DICTIONARY 167 suit (verb) (to fit) benar', 7 betoel', superior lebih, la'gi (besar , ting'gi, kabetoel'an baik, koe'wat,etc.) suit (verb) (behoove) pa'dan, pa'toet, superstitious ^bertja'ja Jang tia'da pan'tes betoel' suitable bergoe'na, boleh di pa'kai supervisor (See superintendent) suitcase peti, kerpek', ko'por ketjil' supine telentang' sulky ra'djoek, moe'ka ma'sem supply bekal', sedi'an, melang^ap (a'sem) supply ship ka'pal perbekal'an sulphur weli'rang, beli'rang support (assist) toeloeng, menoe'- sultan soel'tan, soe'tan loeng sum (noun) (total) djoemlah, support (prop up) so'kong, seran'- samoea'nja dang, toen'djang sum (verb) membi'lang, mendjoem'- support (bear up under) talian, lah tang'goeng Sumatra Poelau Percha', Soema'tra suppose ki'ra, sang^ca, mengi'ra summit poe'tjoek, poe'tjak, kemoen'- suppress menekan, menin'des tjak suppurate ^berna'nah summon (general) pang'gil, supreme ma'ha-ting'gi, ma'ha-besar', memang'gil pa'ling ting'gi summon (court) dak'wa, si'ta, sa'man sure tentoe', tetep, soeng'goeh (Sing.) surety (See security) sun (noun) mataha'ri surgeon ta'bib, doe'koen da'rah, sun (verb) djemoer', mendjemoer/ dokter sunbeam so'rot (si'nar, pa'nah) surplus si'sa, lebih'an mataha'ri surprise (adj.) hai'ran, he'ran sunburnt terlepoeh' kena' mataha'ri surprise (verb) menghe'ranken Sunday ha'ri ming'goe, ha'ri a'had surprise (verb) (to take by ) sun eclipse geraha'na mataha'ri, melo'lok, menoe'broek mataha'ri kapang'an surrender ^ta'loek, menoen'doek, sunglass ^ka'tja a'pi menjerah'ken di'ri sunglow tjah'ja mataha'ri surround mengan'dang, mengoeli'- sun hat (helmet) ^toe'doeng lingi, kepoeng' sunlight (lit) terang' mataha'ri surveillance pendja'gaan, peren'tah sunrise, sunup terbif mataha'ri, survivor Jang ting'gal, jang ma'si mataha'ri' naik i'doep sunset ^ma'soek mataha'ri, mataha'ri suspect (noun) penjang'ka toe'roen suspect (verb) sang'ka, menjang^ka, sunshade pa'joeng mena'roh sjak sunstroke ^tim'pa mataha'ri suspend (to discharge) iepas', menjem- sunworshipper o'rang Jang melepas'ken bah' mataha'ri suspend (to stop temporarily) superficial diloe'war sa'dja, koe'rang /goehken da'Iem mempertang superfluous lebih' da'ri moe'sti, tida suspended tergan'toeag r terpa'kai suspicion sjak, sang^a, tjemlx>e roe superintend dja'ga, mendja'ga, swallow (noun) (bird) boe'roeng laf- melihat'i jang superintendent (European) inspek*- swallow (verb) menelaji', mengocut'- tor, opsin'der tal superintendent (native) man'dor swamp (noun) pa'ja, ra'wm 168 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

swamp (verb) (to flood) melam'par, tablecloth kain me'dja meli'poeti tack (noun) ^pa'koe ketjil (a'loes) swap toe'kar, menoe'kar(ken) tack (verb) (to sew) dja'hit, mendja'- swear (to take an oath) soem'pah, hit bersoem'pah tack (verb) (nautical term) berla'jar swear (to administer an oath) bo'lak-ba'lik, berperai'-perai7 menjoem'pahi tackle (noun)-lo'rah, ke'rekan, 7 swear (to curse) bersoem'pah, katerol pengha'djat Allah tackle (verb) (attack) lang'gar, 7 sweat kering'et, peloeh melang'gar, menjerang' sweep sa'poe, menja'poe tadpole beroe'doe, tjebong' sweet ma'nis tail e'kor, boen'toet swell (noun) (of sea) a'loen, gelom'- tail light lam'poe bla'kang bang tailor ^toe'kang mendja'hit (pakaian') swell (verb) (to increase) tam'bah, take (verb) (general) am'bil, bertam'bah mengam'bil swerve sim'pang, menjim' pang take (verb) (to hold) pe'gang, swim bernang7 meme'gang 2 swimming bladder (of fish) pa'roe take (verb) (to convey) ba'wa, ba'wa 7 swin die ti'poe pergi swine ba'bi take (verb) (to take away or to lift) 7 swing (noun) ajoen'an ang kat, mengang'kat swing (verb) a'joen, bera'joen, go'- take (verb) (to steal) ram'pas, jang, bergo'jang meram'pas, tjoe'ri, mentjoe'ri switch (for electricity) koen'tji tale ^tjeri'ta, tjeri'tera lis'trik 7 talent a'kal, boe di, kapan'daian swivel 7 gun (native) lila, meri'am talisman dji mat, penang'kal 7 ketjil talk o7 2 7- (noun) bitja'ra, mong , pertja swollen 7 7 (from disease) bengkak , kapan (Sum. and Sing.), ka ta ba'loet 7 talk (verb) bitja ra, berka'ta, tja'kap swollen (abdomen from disease) (Sum. and Sing.), bertja'kap (Sum. kemboeng' and Sing.), o'mong, mengc/mong 7 7 swollen (of besar ban - talkative 7 7 7 river) a'jer , gela tak, moe loet ga tel, 7 djir tjera mah swoon 7 ping'san, kalenger , moertja' tallting'gi birds / swoop (by or airplanes) sand- talltalk -ko tjak bar, menjam'bar 7 7 tallow gemoek , lemak sword ^pedang, kele'wang r 7 tally (verb) (count) i toeng, beri - syllablepa'tahan soe'koe perka'taan, toeng kali'mah, pa'tah tally (verb) (marking on symbol tan'da, iba'rat something) oepa'ma, 7 7 7 i getet , ris, mengi ris sympathizebeserta', menjer'tai 7 r tamarind a symptom tan da ala'mat sem r 7 synagogue kanisat, mas djid tambour (drummer in army) pema - loe 7 7 synthetic ti'roean gendrang , toe'kang tam boer

syphilis penja'kit ra'dja si'nga tame (adj.) dji'nak

systematical deng'an a'toeran 7 tame (verb) mendji nakken

7 7 7 tamper bi kin koe soet, mengoe - soetken table me'dja tangle (See tamper) DICTIONARY 169 tank for (masonry water) koe'lam, teething toem'boeh gi'ginja koe'lah telegramsoe'rat ka'wat (N.E.I.) tank for besi (metal oil) perioek soe'rat ta'ligrap (Sing,) boeat menjim'pan mi'njak telegraph (noun) pos (pasoe'ratan) tank kare'ta tenk (weapon) perang', ka'wat (N.E.I.), ta'iigrap (Sing.) tap (noun) (faucet) tjerat', tjo'rong telegraph (verb) poe'koel (memoe'- tap (verb) (to touch) ketok', menge- koel, mengetok') ka'wat (N.E.I:), tok', menepoek' ki'rim soe'rat ka'wat (N.E.I.) , poe'- draw tap (verb) (to fluid) mentjeraf koel ta'ligrap (Sing.) tape pi'ta telephone (noun) telepoon, ta'lipoen kate'la tapioca oe'bi, telephone (verb) bitjara telepoon, tapir koe'da-a'jer, tenoe', ta'noe tja'kap ta'lipoen (Sing.) tapping (of latex) menderes teloe'- teles cope tero'pong menoe'ris toeh ka'ret, tell ^ka'si ta'hoe, memberi' ta'hoe taps (bugle signal in army) tan/da temper perang'ai pi'gi ti'doer, tap'toe tempest ^to'fan, ang'in ri'boet 2 tir tar tar ga'la , (Java), mi'njak temple (Moh.) ^mas'djid (Sing.) temple (in Mecca) alkaabah 2 tarantula laba jang berboe'loe temple (church Christian) gere'dja sa'saran target (general) temple ( Chinese) kelenteng' target (for practice) sa'sar, boe'lan- temple (Hindu) tjan'di, koe'wil boelanan temple (of head) peli'pisan kare'ta tarpaulin penpe'toep temporary samanta'ra taste (noun) ra'sa, pera'saan tempt boe'djoek, memboe'djoek, taste (verb) tjo'ba, menjo'ba, a'djak, menga'djak mengetja'pi ten sapoe'loeh tasteless ta'war, tia'da a'da rasa'nja tenable ^bo'leh di ta'han tattoo mentja'tjah, mentjo'reng tenacious keras' ha'ti, kepa'la ba'toe taut kentjeng' tenant Jang se'wa, penje'wa tax pa'djek, tjoe'kai, bea, boe'nga tendency soe'ka, naf'soe

(Sum.) tender (not tough) lemboef, em- taxi ta'si, mo'bil se'wa poek', lembek' tea (before making) teh tender (to offer) oen'djoek, men- tea (after making) a'jer teh goer/djoek(ken.) meneri'maken teapot te'ko, pateh'an, tempaf teh tendon oe'rat teach a'djar, menga'djar(ken) tent chalmat, pon'dok, ten' da teacher (general) penga'djar, goe'roe tenth (fractional) per sapoe'loe teacher (in religion) goe'roe penga'- tenth (ordinal) ka sapoe'loe djian (pesan'tren) tepid ang'et, soe'wam teak (tree) ^poe'hoen dja'ti term (noun) (period) wak'toe, tem'po r teak (wood)~ka joe dja'ti term (noun) (installment) ang'- teal (bird) meli'wis, beH^is soeran, peni'tjilan team pa'sang, ra'kit term (noun) (condition) djan'djian r tear (noun) {from eye) a jer ma'ta term (verb) (to call) ka'si na'ma, tear (noun) (damage) ro'bek, rekah', mena'maken tja'rik terminal oe'djoeng, pengalbisan tear (verb) ^mero'beg, mentja'rik, terminate poe'toesken, br&i'ti, petjah' memperhentiken, menga'biskeii tease gang'goe, menggang'goe, oe'ak termite ^ra'jap, rang'as / r teat ^te tek, ma ta soe'soe terrible ngeri' 170 HANDBOOK of The MALAY LANGUAGE terrify bi'kin taTsoet, mena'koetken thin (of flat objects) ti'pis, ni'pis, territory ta'nah, benoe'a, dja'djahan a'loes, ge'peng test (verb) (try) tjo'ba, menjo'ba thin (of liquids) en'tjer, tje'wer (ken) thin (of persons) koe'roes test (verb) (of metals) oe'dji, thin (of waist) ram'ping mengoe'dji thin (of hair) dja'rang testament wasi'at, soe'rat wasi'at thin (of neck) djin'djang testicle boe'wah peler' thing (object) ba'rang, benda' testify ka'si (memberi') katerang'an, thing (intangible affair) perka'ra naik sak'si, menjak'siken think pi'kir, memi'kir, ki'ra, ing'at, testimonial soerrat tan'da tang'an sang'ka, menjang'ka tetanus penja'Ht kedjang' third (fractional) per ti'ga tether (verb) (to tie) tam'bat, third (ordinal) ka ti'ga menam'bat thirst (y) aoes, daha'ga than da'ri, daripa'da thirteen- ti'ga-blas thank (verb) mengoe'tjap sjoe'koer, thirteenth (fractional) per ti'gablas bi'lang teri'ma ka'si thirteenth (ordinal) ka ti'gablas thanks teri'ma ka'si thirtieth (fractional) per ti'gapoeloe that i'toe thirtieth (ordinal) ka ti'gapoe'loe thatch a'tap thirty ti'gapoeloe the (In Malay, the definite article is this i'ni thither ka ka si'toe usually omitted j sometimes, any one sa'na, of the words i'toe, Jang, nja, or thorn doe'ri, oe'nak baik2 sega'la is used.) thorough , tetap', genap' theatre (European) kome'di, roemah those ^i'toe kome'di though mas'kipoen, soeng'goeh-poen, theatre (Malay) bangsa'wan, wala'kin kome'di Stamboel thou gh t pi'kiran theatre (Chinese) wa'jang tji'na thousand ri'boe theft tjoe'rian, malingan thousandth (fractional) per sari'boe their dia poe'nja thousandth (ordinal) ka sari'boe them dia, sa'ma dia thrash (of grain) ga'sak, mengga'sak, r then wak'toe i toe, apabi'la, serta', toem'boek, menoem'boek pa'da ma'sa i'toe thrash (to beat someone) la'brak, thence (therefor) ma'ka i'toe, sebaV mela'brak, poe'koel, han'tem i'toe, da'ri i'toe, karena' i'toe thread be'nang' thence (from there) da'ri sa'na threaten bi'kin ta'koet, mena'koeti, there di sa'na, di si'toe, sa'na, si'toe mengan'tjam these i'ni three ti'ga they dia, dia o'rang, mere'ka three-ply ti'ga la'pis, soe'soen ti'ga threshold am'bang, thick (of solids) tebel' am'bang pin'toe thrice ti'ga kali thick (of liquids) kentel, lender' thrifty hi'mat, tia'da bo'ros thick tembem (swollen) bengkaF, thrive sampoer'na, bersela'mat thick 7 (close together) kerep , ra'pet throat (outside) ^le'her thief ^ma'ling, pentjoe'ri throat (inside) rong'kongan, tSnggo'- thigh palia rokan throb berdebar7 thighbone toe'lang paOia , berdenjoet' throne thimble ^tjin'tjin mendjait, sa'roeng tach'ta, singgasa'na dla'ri throng sesak'an, a'pit-a'pitan DICTIONARY 171

or through (go come ) teroes', till (verb) (the soil) meloe'koe, li'wat, temboes' menanga'lai, kerdja'ken through (from or by) da'ri, oleh till (adverb) (until) sam'pai throw lempar, melem'par, meloe'tar tiller tang'an kernoe'di, tjela'ga throw ( away) boewang', mem- timber (general) ka'joe timber 2 boewang', menjampak (trees) poe'hoen , po'kok thrust (attack) penjerang'an, timber (balk) ba'lok, ba'tang ka'joe penjerboe'an, pelang'garan timber (fell trees) tebang'an thrust (with a weapon) toe'soek, time (general) ma'sa, wak'toe ti'kam time (period) tem'po, kala thumb i'boe, dja'ri, djempol' tang'an time (time of day) poe'koel, djam thunder goen'toer, goe'roeh, geloe'- time (multiplying) kali doeg timid ta'koet, tja'bar, so'pan thunderbolt gele'deg, tegar', petar' tin (metal) ti'mah thundercloud a'wan mengan'doeng tin (tin plated iron) ka'leng, besi' goe'roeh poe'tih thunder dart faalilin'tar, MOat, tin (container) ^fca'leng, koe'pi gele'deg tin mine ^ko'long, loem'boeng Thursday ha'ri kemis' (tam'bang) ti'mah thus begi'ni, begi'toe, demi'kian tin-solder pa'teri, pi'djar tick (noun) (louse) kerpa'ti, koe'toe tin tack pa'koe aloes an'djing, tja'plak tin der ^ra'boek tick (verb) ketok', mengetok% tiny ketjil' seka'li menepoek' tip (point, end) oe'djoeng 7 ticket kar'tjis (N.E.I.), ti^et (Sing.) tip (gift) oe'pah, oewang ro'ko, tickle (ticklish) geli' persen' tide (high ) a'jer pa'sang tipsy ma'bok tide (low ) a'jer soe'roet tire (auto) ban tide (current) ha'roes tire (belt) ta'li pesa'wat 7 f tie (noun) (fastener) i'katan, pengi - tired (physical) tja'pai, lelah kat tired (mental) kesel' tie (noun) (neck ) pembelif (tali) title (rank) pang'kat le'her, da'si (Java) title (name) gelar'an, na'ma tie (noun) (railroad ) pengeref, title (inscription, address) pang'kal, am'bang, ga'lang ala'mat tie (verb) i'kat, mengi'kat, menam'bat to ka, per, kapa'da, a'kan, pa'da tiger ma'tjan, hari'mau, ri'mau toad bang'kong tiger (royal ) ma'tjan lo'rek, hari'- toast (bread) ro'ti pang'gang mau toeng'gal toast (greeting with a drink) mi'noem tiger (spotted ) toe'toel, ma'tjan sla'met, berla'ga toe'toel tobacco temba'ko toe dja'ri ka'ki ) tiger (black ma'tjan kom'bang f toe(big ) i'boe (djempoi ) ka'M tigercat ^koe'tjing oe'tan 2 together sa'ma , bersa'ma-sa'ma, tight (of cover) tertoe'toep, ra'pct serta' 7 7 tight (of cord) kentjeng , tegar toil berlebah', bekerdja^ kerns' tight (of bolt) sendat', kras toilet (rest room) djam'ban, kalcae^ tight (drunk) ma'bok ka'mar ke^iF tile (roofing ) genteag' token tan'da, ala'mat tile (flooring) oe'biri, djoeteim ba'ta tolerable foon^ ta'haii, pa'toet, sa'bar 172 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE tolerate ta'han, mena'han, tri'ma, touchy berang'as, perang'-peroes', meneri'ma lekas' ma'rah toll (tax) -tjoe'kai, pa'djek tough Hat, keras' tomb koe'boeran, tjan'di tow ^toen'da, menoen'da, se'ret, tomb (holy) kera'mat menje'ret tommygun bedil' masin' ketjil' tow rope ta'lie penoen'da tomorrow be'sok, e'soek, e'soek ha'ri toward(s) ka, kapa'da, a'rah-ka tomorrow (morning) be'soek pa'gi towel toewa'la, kain se'ka, an'doek tomorrow (evening) be'soek so're (N.E.I.) tomorrow (night) be'soek ma'lem tower mena'rah, toeng'kap tone boe'nji town negeri', ko'ta, poe'ra tongue li'dah town hall gedong' bitja'ra to-night ma'lem i'ni, nan'ti malem townsfolk o'rang ko'ta too (overmuch) terla'loe, terlam'paul toy permain'an too (also) djoe'ga, poen, poela trace (noun) (general) Abekas', tan'da tool perka'kas, beka'kas trace (noun) (of a foot) ta'pak, bekas' tooth gi'gi ka'ki toothless om'pong, tia'da gi'gi trace (noun) (of a wheel) aloer, ocn'- 'top (highest point) poe'tjak, poe'- oet tjoek, hoe'djoeng, kepa'la trace (verb) (to look for) tja'ri, top (summit) kamoen'tjak, poen'tjak mentjeha'ri, menjeli'dik top (plaything) ga'sing, gang'singan trace (verb) (to copy) meni'roe topaz poespara'gam, retna' tjempa'ka trachea tenggo'rakan topmost pa'ling a'tas, jang di a'tas track (rail) dja'lan kare'ta a'pi sekali trade (noun) pernia'gaan, da'gangan topsy turvy terboe'lak-ba'lik, soeng'- trade (verb) berda'gang, bernia'ga 2 sang trade list soe'rat (daf'tar) har'ga torch o'bor, damar, soe'loeh trader sauda'gar, o'rang da'gang torchb earer ^penjoe'loeh trade wind ang'in moe'sim torment gang'goe, menggang'goe, trading company persekoe'toean mengoe'sik o'rang da'gang torn ko'jak trading freedom kabSbas'an pSrnia'- torpedo terpe'do gaan torrent ban'djir, a'jer deres' trading vessel ka'pal (pcra'hoe) tortoise koe'ra2 boe'loes (land) , da'gang tortoise (sea) penjoe', ka'ret tradition tjeri'tra tem'po doe'loe, to rture sangsa'ra, men.jangsa'raken, tjeri'tra doe'loe kala menja'kiti trail (path) djalan ketjil', dja'lan, toss ^lem'par, melem'par, menjam'pak loe'roeng total djoemlah, goeng'goeng trail net poe'kat, ma'jang, dja'ring totter go'jang, tergo'jang, selo'- train kare'ta jongan (noun) (railway) a'pi (a'sep) touch (noun) pendja'mahan, seng- gol'an, soen'taeh train (verb) (to drill, teach) a'djar, touch (verb) (general) pe'gang, mSnga'djarken meme'gang, dja^at, mendja'mah trainer penga'djar touch (verb) (lightly with finger) training pela'djaran, oesa'ha tjoe'wit, menjoe'wit, mengga'mit, traitor ^pembeloet' mendja'wil tram (way) Ks'trik (Bat.), tram, touchstone ^ba'toe oeMji, oe'djian kare'ta a'pi DICTIONARY 173 tramp (hobo) o'rang mengomba'ra treaty perda'maian, perdjan'djian (melan'tjong) tree poe'hoen, po'hon, po'kok trample (verb) pi'djak, memi'djak- tree frog ka'tak po'hon, ko'dok ban'- M'djak tjet transcribe sa'lin, menja'lin tremble ketar', gentar', goemetar' transcript (ion) penjalinan tremble (of the earth) lin'doe, bergo'- transfer pin'dah, memin'dah(ken) jang, bergempa' transform gan'ti roepa'nja trench (noun) pa'rit, ga'lian transfusion (of blood) ka'-si da'ra, trench (verb) gali, mengga'li, ang'koetan da'ra ba'roe, toe'wang mengeroek' (menoe'wang) da'ra trespass melang'gar translate salin, menjalin, memin'- trial paperik'saan perka'ra dahken triangle ^ti'ga pendjoe'roe, pa'pon translation salinan, persa'linan ti'ga translator djoe'roe-ba'sa, penja'lin tribe bang'sa, -soe'koe, kaoem transparent djernih', hening', terang' tribulation doe'ka-tji'ta, soe'sah 7 transpire kata'hoean, ternja'ta besar transplant a'lih, menga'lih(ken) tributary (stream) sim'pangan transport (noun) (ship) ka'pal ba'wa (tja'bang, a'nak) ka'li (soe'ngai) 2 trick o'nar solda'doe , ka'pal pengang'koet a'kal, da'ja, transport (verb) ba'wa, memba'wa, trickle ti'tik, meni'tik mengang'ko et trickster peni'poe, bang'sat transport plane ka'pal oeda'ra trifle- perka'ra ketjil' ba'rang ketjil' pengang'koet ba'rang trigger (of gun) pema'oet transverse lin'tang, melin'tang, ma'- trim (adj.) a'pik, tjan'tik lang trim (verb) (plants) meran'ting trap perang'kap, djeplak'an trim (verb) (beautify) bilnn ba'goes, travel (by land) berdja'lan memba'goesken, dan'dan travel (on water) beria'jar, naik trinket perma'ta, retna, ma'ta benda' ka'pal trip (noun) (voyage) perdjalanan travel (in air) naik ka'pal oeda'ra trip (verb) (stumble) kasan'doeng, (terbang') tersoen'toeh trawl poe'kat, dja'ring, ma'jang triple ti'ga kali / trawler pra'hoe ma'jang triplet a'nak kembar ti'ga treachery beloet', semoe' triplex ti'ga la'pis, li'pet ti'ga tread lang'kah, djang'kah, tin'dak tripod berka'M ti'ga treason semoe', chia'nat triumph menang', kamenang'an treasure ^har'ta, ma'ta benda' trivial (ity) perka'ra ketjil' treasurer ^bendaha'ra troop perkoem'poelan, pa'soek, treasury (gov. dept.) gedong' ka'wan 2 oewang' ncgeri' troops solda'doe treat (noun) (to deal with somebody) troopship ka'pal mengang'koet pcnjam'boet, perdja'moean solda'doe2 trot (of horse) djo'djok, la'ri djo'djok treat (verb) ( somebody) mela'- horse koe'da kras koeken, meme'gang trotting ^mg djoknja treat (verb) (to negotiate) membitja'- rakn trotting match perioenybaSn berdjo'djok treat (verb) ( a patient)- menigo'bati troubk kasoe'sahan treatment (medical) ka'si otrat, soe'sah, f mengo'batkcn trough paloaig, tempat 174 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE trousers tjela'na, seloe'war memoe'ter, boeboet trowel keri', kerok' ka'poer turn (verb) (to go round) ^berpoe'sing truce lam'bat (melam'batken) turn (verb) (turn back or over) balik, berkela'hi memba'lik (ken) truck (armored) motor terla'pis ba'- turning lathe boe'boetan, pela'rikan dja turning movement (by troops) truck (commercial) mo'bil ba'rang, ma'djoe ka si'si (fi'hak), mengoeli'- mo'tor pengang'kat ba'rang lingi true betoel', benar', soeng'goeh turnip lo'bak trumpet selom'peret, nafi'ri turret (on battleship) bang'oenan trunk (part of body) ba'dan, a'wak meri'am trunk (part of tree) ba'tang, la'ras turtle penjoe', ka'ret trunk (part of elephant) boelalai turtle dove boe'roeng perkoe'toet trunk (traveling chest) ko'per, peti' tusk (of elephant or boar) ga'ding, trunks tjela'na pen'dek ta'ring, siong' truss (for hernia) pengi'kat boe'roet tutor (jud.) wall trust pertja'ja tutor (teacher) penga'ctjar, goe'roe truth (See true) twelfth (fractional) per-doewablas' try tjo'ba, mentjo'ba twelfth (ordinal) ^ka-doewablas' try (judicially) perik'sa, memerik'- twelve doewablas' sa(i), mengha'dep, hoe'koem twentieth (fractional) per'doe'wa- tub tong, pa'so poe'loe tube peleting', tjo'rong, saloer'an twentieth (ordinal) ka-doe'wa-poe'loe tube (for auto) ban dalem twenty doe'wa-poe'loe 7 Tuesday ha'ri sela'sa twice doe'wa ka !! tuft (of hair) djarnHDoel twig dalian, ran'ting toen'da 2 tug (boat) ka'pal a'sep twilight sen'dja ka'la, remang , tug (noun) (strong pull) sentak', ham'pir malem ron'tak twin kembar', a'nak kembar' tug (verb) ta'rik, menjen'tak, twine tali ra'mi menjen'dal twinkle berki'lat tugboat ka'pal toen'da twist poe'las, memoe'las, memeres tuition oewang' seko'lah twister (wind) ang'in poe'joeh tumble dja'toh tergoe'ling-goe'Iing (oe'lekan), poe'seran ang'in f tumor bengkak', ba rah two doe'wa tumult ^roe'soeh twofold doe'wa la'pis (K'pet) tune la'goe, ra'gam type (noun) (sort) ma'tjem, lemba'ga tunnel temboes'an type (noun) (letter) hoe'roef tji'- turban (native) i'kat, stang'an kapa'la takan (tjap'an), i'boe tjap turban (Arabian) serban, destar, type (verb) poe'koel (ketok') masin' sorban toelis 7 turbid boe'tek, keroeh typesetter toeTcang menga'toer hoe'- turf (sod) gebalan, emblek'an roem'- roef, penga'toer hoe'roef poet typewriter ^masin' toe'lis, pesa'wat turf (for races) perlom'baan koe'da menoelis Turk o'rang toerTd (istam'boel) typhoid (typhus) demam' kapialoe toer'ki Turkey (country)^ ^negeri' typhoon ^to'fan turkey (bird) welan'da a'jam typographer toe'kang tjap boe'koe, turn (noun) gi'lir, giliran penji'tak turn (verb) (on a lathe) poe'ter, DICTIONARY 175

tyrant o'rang lalim, pengania'ja undress (to native) boe'ka kain- tyre (auto) ban ba'djoe un drinkable ti'da bo'leh di mi'noem U undying kekal', ba'ka uneasy chawa'tir, koewa'tir, soe'sah udder soe'soe, te'tek ha'ti ugly djelek', oe'doeh, boe'roek uneatable ^ti'da boleh di ma'kan ulcer poe'roe, bi'soel unemployed ^ti'da a'da pakerdja'an ultimate pa'ling djalioe (blalsang) unequal ^tia'da sa'ma ultimatum permintaan kaha'bisan, uneven ^tia'da ra'ta penoen'toetan unexpected sakoe'njoeng-koe'njoeng, umbilicus poe'ser, poe'sat deng'an ka'get umbrella pa'joeng unexperienced koe'rang bia'sa unable bo'do, tia'da pa'ham (bi'sa), (pan'dai) ta-boeleh unfairti'da a'dil, ti'da pa'toet unacceptable tia'da bo'leh di teri'ma unfavorable tia'da baik unaccustomed tia'da bia'sa, tia'da unfit ti'da boleh di pa'kai terpaHsai (di pa'kai) unfortunate tjila'ka, bertjila'ka, unaided tia'da di toeloeng (ban'toe) bina'sa, nasib ta' baik (Sing.) unarmed tia'da bersendja'ta unfurnished tiada perka'kasnja unavoidable ti'da bi'sa (da'pet) di (serba'nja), ko'song la'loei unhappy soe'sah ha'ti unbalan ced gila uniform (soldier's) pakaian' solda'doe unbearable tia'da terta'han, ta-bo'leh unimportant tia'da bergoe'na, ti'da ta'han bra'pa penting'nja unbutton boe'ka, boe'ka kan'tjing uninflammable ti'da bi'sa menja'la unceasing tia'da berhen'tinja, teroes', uninhabited ^ko'song, sepi', soe'nji, sela'loe ti'da di doe'doeki uncertain ti'da ten'toe uninjured tida loe'ka uncle ma'mak, pa'man, pa-soeda'ra uninsured ti'da di tang'goeng uncle (older than father) pak toe'wa, union seri'kat, perkoem'poelan oe'wa unite ra'pat, mera'patken, i'kat unclean ko'tor, tjemar' United States of America AmVrika unconditional ti'da a'da deng'an Seri'kat 2 djan/dji apa United Nations bang'sa sekoe'toe uncover boe'ka, ang'kat toe'toepnja unity moeafa'kat, persa'maan ta'koet undauntedbera'ni, ti'da universe alam undecided ^belom' ten'toe university madrasah, sekola ting'gi undeniable ti'da bo'- ^terang' seka'li, unknown ^tia'da keta'hoean leh di /- sang^al unlawful tia'da lialal, ha'ram, mHa under di ba'wah, ba'wah wan hoe'koem semak', beloe^ar, ba'- undergrowth unlimited-ti'da a'da wa'tesiija, tiada lah beriamg'ga (berwa'tes) / understand ^mengar ti, ei/ti unload bong'fcar, mengang^at undertake la'koeken moewat'an unlock memboe'ka undivided safa'kat, satoe'djoe, saha'ti boe'ka, unlucky tjila'ka, malang undo toem'pas, menoem'pes, menia'daken unmarried boe'd^mg tra titfet perloe' undress (general) boe'ka (meinboe'- unnecessary oe'sa, tia'da ka) pakaian' unobstrticted---!a'was> 176 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE

unofficial boe'kan karena, wa'djibnja usage a r dat dja'batan use (noun) goe'na unpleasant tia'da sedap' (e'nak) use (verb) pa'kai, mema'kai, pergoe'- unpolite koe'rang a'djar, ti'da ta'hoe naken a'dat useful ^bergoe'na, terpa'kai unreliable ti'da bo'leh di useless tia'da 2 pertja'ja bergoe'na, sia , unripe mentah', moeda, belom' pertjoe'ma usual 2 ma'teng biasa'nja, sering' , selaloe untenable ti'da bo'leh di ta'han usurer o'rang yang ma'kan oen'toeng untidyli'da a'pik (tjan'tjik) terla'loe ba'njak, o'rang jang mengi'- untie boe'ka, memboe'ka, melepas'- sap da'rah o'rang ken usurp mengga'gahi until sam'pai, hing'ga, sahing'ga utensil (kitchen) pera'bot (perka'kas) unto sam'pai, kapa'da, a'kan, di da'poer untrue djoe'sta, bo'hong, ta' betoel' uterus pepoe'djoe, pera'nakan unwilling ti'da ma'oe, djemoe' utilize pergoe'naken, pa'kai, mema'- up a'tas, dia'tas, di pa'da kai upheaval pergerakan utter (adj.) saka'H upheave (oneself) rnembesar'ken utter (verb) seboet', menjeboet'ken, di'ri ka'ta, tja'kap upholster menjaloet, mela'pisken uttermost penga'bisan betoel', upmost Jang pa'Iing a'tas, jang di terdja'oeh a'tas sendi'ri uvula a'nak li'dah, li'dah ketjil' upon di a'tas, a'tas, di, pa'da upper jang pa'Iing di a'tas uppermost (See upmost) vacant ko'song uppish ang'koeh, poe'ngah, olo2 vacate mening'galken upright (pillar) ti'ang vacation ha'ri ha'ri 2 uprising (revolt) perga'doehan, besar, ra'ja roe'soeh vaccine hal tja'tjaran vaccinate ta'nem tja'tjar, menja'- upside down terboe'Iak-ba'lik, terba'lik tjarken va c uum ^hempa' upstairs a'tas, di a'tas vacuum cleaner pengi'sepan uptown ko'ta ba'roe (Java) a'boe, masin' upward ka a'tas penja'poe vagabond o'rang mengomba'ra urchin (sea hedgehog) i'kan boen'tek vagina -moe'loet (pin'toe) urge (noun) (of the heart) gerak' pera'nakan, poe'ki ha'ti, kepeng'in, ing'in vague ti'da ten'toe urge (noun) (of the bowels) resa', vain belet', kabelet' (conceited) ko'tjak, tjong'gah vain (useless) 2 urge (noun) (request) permin'taan pertjoe'ma, tjoe'ma , sia2 deng'an keras valet boe'djang, djo'ngos (N.E.I.) urge (verb) min'ta deng'an keras', menge'tjek boy (Sing.) valley urgency (See urge (noun) lembah', paliak, djoe'rang, ledok' urinate kentjing', berkentjing', berkemeh' valuable ma'hal^ berhar'ga value urin e (noun) har'ga, rega' value (verb) nilai, menilai urine-bladder pekentjing'an valve (of motor)- kelep' (N.E.I.) us H'ta ^ki'ta, o'rang valve (of bicycle tube) pen'til(N.E.I.) DICTIONARY 177

valve (faucet) tjerat', tjo'rong venereal disease penja'Ht peram'- vanilla ang'krek poean, saOdt ka'rang vanish hi'lang, lenjap' vengeance pembales (an) vanquish menang', menga'lahken venom (of animals) bi'sa

1 vanquished (noun) Jang mengalah venom (of plants) oe'pas, i'poeh vapour oe'wap, ha'wap venom (of minerals) ra'tjoen varicella (chicken pox) tja'tjar a'jer ventriloquist o'rang Jang bi'sa variola (smallpox) tja'tjar, katoem'- mengloe'warken soewa'ra da'ri boehan da'lem proet various (many) ba'njak, sega'la verandah seram'bi, em'pcr various (different) beroe'pa-roe'pa, verdict poe'toesan haTrim, fat'wa 2 ma'tjem, peleba'gai verify prik'sa, memerik'sa varnish (noun) rai'njak rengas', vermicelli lak'sa sam'pang vermifuge o*bat tja'tjin varnish (verb) sa'poe (menja'poeken) vermin (general) ka'la mi'njak rengas' vermin (on head) koe'toe vary (to alter) o'bah, mengo'bahken, vermin (on body) toe'ma bero'bah vernacular baha'sa iHioe vary (to differ) berla'in, berbe'da versio n ^katerang'an 7 vase djambang'an, tempaf kembang vertical si'pat (tegaO betoeF vas elin e pa'selin vertigo poe'sing, poe'sing kapala vassal ra'jat, ham'ba, sa'kai very a'mat, sang'at, terlaloe, ma'ha, vast loe'as, le'bar, besar' sekaOi vault (general) lengkoeng', peleng- vesicle bin'til; lepoeh' koeng', rong'ga vessel (container) tempaf, pa'so, vault (of the sky) tjakrawala tempa'jan veal da'ging a'nak sa'pi (lemboe') vessel (ship) ka'pal, praTioe, sko'tji vegetable (eating, general) sa'joer, vest rom'pi, ba'djoe dalem sa'joeran veteran orang bekas' solda'doe, vegetable (raw with meals, like celery, solda'doe la'ma 7 etc.) lalap veterinarian dokter (doe'koen) bina - vegetable (a dish, of different cooked tang vegetables) ga'do2 vegetable (kingdom) toem'boeh- vex (oneself) sakit ha'ti, arnHbil goe'- toem/boehan sar vehicle (general) kare'ta vex (somebody) bikin soesah (saMt vehicle (for goods) peda'ti, grolbak, ha'ti), ka'si (memberi') sjak tji'kar viaduct djemba'tan / veil ^kain seloe'boeng, tja'dir, kain vibrate bedekMek, gemetar , bergt/- toefdoeng jang vein (blood vessel) oe'rat, oe'rat vice kadjaliatan, katjelaln da'rah vicious dja'hat, ti'da baifc, boe'soek 2 vein (main artery) oe'rat na'di victim ioi/ban , kati'wasan 7 (berdenjoetO victOT jang menang, jang mem - vein (in iron) pa'mor wasken vein (in marble) koe'rai, ba'rik victory menang dja'ja vein in the (ore earth) ka'rang victual (verb) tja'ri (ambS, velocity tjepat'nja, lekas'nja, la'djoe bekaF (ma*kanan), velvet beloe'drae, bcKdoc' poelken bckal' vendetta bela' kKsas view (opinion) kFra, Banglca, 178 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE view (standpoint) niat, maVsoed vulture (bird) boe'roeng na'sar, dan'- view (examine) prik'sa dang view (sketch) gam^bar, peta' vulture (person) ram'pok, peram'pok, 2 vigilant dja'ga, berdja'ga balk ma'ling vigorous koewat', segar', ga'gah W vile hi'na, kedji' village kam'pong, doe'soen, de'sa wad (of tobacco) soe'soer (Java) wad (of banknotes) goeloeng, iTsat, vinegar tjoe'ka boen'telan violate meroe'sakken wade ^menga'roeng, mengero'bok violence pak'sa, ania'ja wag (of tail) mengebas'-ngebas e'kor violet woe'ngoe (boen'toet) violin (European) biola wage(s) ga'dji, oe'pah, ba'jaran violin (native) rebab' wage war ^berperang', mela'koeken viper beloe'dak, oeler bedoe'dak perang7 virgin pera'wan, a'nak da'ra (ga'dis) wager (to bet) berta'rohan virgin (in the Moh. paradise) hoeri wagon ^kare'ta virgin (the Virgin Mary) si'ti waist ping'gang Mariam waist belt ta'li ping'gang (pendingO virtue kabaik'an, kabak'tian waist buckle pending' virus ba'di wait toeng'goe, nan'ti viscera isi peroet' waiter djongos (N.E.I.), boy (Sing. visibility kalihafan, kanja'ta, keta'ra and Sum.) visit djoem/pa, berdjoem'pa, berdja'- wake raelek', dja'ga, toeng'goe, moe, berta'moe, mampir berdja'ga visor (of gun) ma'ta, in'tjeran waken ka'si bang'oen, membang'- vitriol of copper teroe'si, per^e'si oenken, mendja'gaken vocabulary H'tab lo'grat walk djalan, berdja'lan-dja'Ian, vocation pakerdja'an melan'tjong voice soewa'ra walking-stick toeng'kat volcano goe'noeng a'pi (bera'pi) wall tem'bok, pa'ger ba'toe ichtiar volition ^maoe, kahen'dak, wallop ^la'berak, han'tem r volley pa ang (mema'sang) banjak wallpaper kertas' boe'nga a'ken di r meri'am pa da sawak'toe tem'pelken, toe'roen memele'- volplane terlin'tjir, wane ^koe'rang, dja'di koe'rang, setken menjoe'soet volume (of books) djilid want (noun) (poverty) mis'kin volume (size) besar'nja want (noun) (deficiency) kakoe'- 7- voluntary deng'an ma'oenja (soeka rangan sendi'ri nja) want (verb) (to desire) ma'oe, vomit ^moen'tah keping'in, hen'dak wanton vote (to elect) pi'lih, memilih ^koe'rang ing'at, gega'ba war perang' vouch tang'goeng, menang'goeng war (The Holy War) perang' sa'bU vow mat7 Allah vowel baralcat 7 war bond soe'rat oe'tang perang voyage^ pela'jaran war council ^hoe'koem bitja'ra perang' vulgar (coarse) ka'sar, hi'na war cry soerak perang' / vulnerable gam'pang di loelca ward (guardian)-~wa li, koewa'sa (meloelcaken) wali, wala'jat DICTIONARY 179

ward (pupil) a'nak pia'ra, moe'rid watch (verb) (to guard) dja'ga, warden pendja'ga, penoeng'goe mendja'ga, toeng'goe, menoeng'goe warden (of jail) penoeng'goe pendja'- watch (verb) (to observe) lihat', ra, djoe'roe boewi meli'hati, menga'mat-a'mati war department (government) watchman (night ) pendja'ga ma'- 7 kan'tor man'teri perang' (N.E.I.) lem, ron'da, tjenteng ward off (general) tang'kis, menang'- watchtower pang'goeng, mertjoe', kisken, menoe'lak bang'oenan off a ward ( calamity) tang'kal, water (noun) (general) a'jer, air menang'kal water (noun) (fresh) a'jer ta'war wardrobe lema'ri (closet) water (noun) (salt ) a'jer a'sin, wardrobe (clothes) pakaian' a'jer la'oet warfare 7 mela'koeken berperang , water (noun) (stagnant ) a'jer perang' tenang' warlike soe'ka (hen'dak) berperang' water (noun) (streaming ) a'jer warlock (sorcery) ho'bat(an) menga'lir war loot har'ta 7 ta'wanan, ram'pasan water (noun) (urine) kentjing , a'jer perang' kentjing' war lord bangsa'wan perang' water (verb) si'ram, menji'ram, warm(th) pa'nas, hang'et mendi'ris warm (verb) bi'kin pa'nas (han'get), water (verb) (with warm water) mema'nasken menjedoeh'

warn menging'atken, mena'sihatken, water (verb) (mouth ) keping'm member!' ta'hoe seka'li, mengi'ler war office (government) kan'tor waterfall pan'tjoeran, tjoe'roek, manteri perang' (N.E.I.) djeram' warrant (judicial) soe'rat pemberi'- waterlevel (instrument) oen'ting taan (pemerik'saan) a'jer warship ka'pal perang' waterlily ^tera'tai wart koe'til watermelon semang'ka wash (noun) ba'rang tjoe'tji water pitcher kendi', boe'joeng wash (verb) tjoe'tji, menjoe'tji waterspout poe'ting bali'oeng wash basin pa'so, bo'kor watertight ^ra'pet washboard pa'pan penggi'lesan waterwell peri'gi, soe'moer washman mena'toe, toe'kang mena'- waterwheel gi'Iingan a'jer, kin'tjir toe, do'bi (Sing.) wave oem'bak washwoman ba'boe tjoe'tji wavelike (of hair) pa'tah ma'Jang wasp ta'won, kelan'tjeng, ta'boeitan waver ^bim'bang waste (noun) (residue) sam'pah, wax (noun) (candle) lilin am'pas, ko'toran wax (noun) (of ear) talii teli'nga waste (verb) (general) (koe'ping) 7 memboewang'-boewang wax (verb) (to grow) toem'boeh, 7 waste (verb) (to lose weight) dja'di bertara'bah besar 7 koe'roes-kering way (path) djalan, loe'roeng watch (noun) (timekeeper) erlc/dji way (manner) ma'tjem we ki'ta (N.EJ.) djam, lon'tjeng ki'ta, c/rang eak lembek' watch (noun) (guard) dja'ga, ka'wal, W lemali', lemes', penoeng'goe wealth kaka'jaan, har'ta benda' watch (noun) (sentry) sekil'wak wean (to deprive of breast) menja^- (Java), penga'wal pih, menja'rak 180 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE weapon sendja'ta, gega'man west ba'rat, koe'lon, dia'tas ang'in, wear (of clothes) pa'kai mataha'ri toe'roen wear (to last long) talian westerly da'ri ba'rat (koe'lon) 7 weary tja'pai, lelah', kesel', penat westward ka (kasablah') ba'rat weather moe'sim, ha'wa (koe'lon) weatherside dia'tas ang'in wet ba'sah weave tenoen', menenoen' whale i'kan pa'oes weaving loom tenoen'an, perka'kas wharf pang'kalan, tempaf poeng'gah nenoen' moewafan 2 what web (spider ) sa'rang la'ba , a'pa, a'pakah, bagaima'na galaga'si wheat teri'goe, gan'doem wed (general) ka'win, ni'kah wheel ro'da wed (the man ) berbi'ni, beri'steri wheel (steering ) stir (N.E.I.) wed (the woman ) berla'ki, wheelbarrow kare'ta so'rong bersoewa'mi wheelsteamer ka'pal a'pi berc/da wedding perdja'moean pengan'ten wheeze ta'rik (mena'rik) na'fas (mampi'lai) when bi'la, ka'pan, ka'lau, djika'lau wedge ba'dji whence da'ri ma'na Wednesday ha'ri reboe' where ma'na, dima'na, kama'na weed (noun) roem'poet-roem'poetan whet bi'kin ta'djem, mena'djemken, weed (verb) nga'rit, ba'bat, boewang' go'sok, menggo'sok roem'poet2 whether a'pa, kalau week ming'goe whetsone ba'toe go'sok weep nang'is, menang'is which Jang, jang ma'na, a'pa, ma'na weevil le'gek, kom'bang whichever, whichsoever jang ma'na weigh (with scale) tim'bang, menim'- sa'dja, ba'rang jang bang while (whilst) semanta'ra, sala'gi, weigh ( anchor) (meng)ang'kat sedang' (bong'kar) djang'kar (sa'oeh) whim ting'kah weigh (it weighs) berat'nja whimsical berting'kah weight berat', tim'bang whine ^mengadoeh' r weight (measures) ba toe tim'bangan whine (of a bullet) bersoe'wit f (da tjin) whinny meri'ngik, mentja'rit, weir (general) bendoeng'an, terbis' menge'ngeh weir (of masonry) tem'bok, terbis' whip tjam'boek, tjemeti', petjoef ba'toe whirlpool poe'ser a'jer, oe'lek a'jer weir (small, in rice-fields) ga'lengan, whirlwind ang'in poe'joeh pema'tang whiskers tjam'bang, djeng'got welcome! sela'mat da'teng! whi skey wisld welcome (verb) ka'si (memberi') whi sp er berbisik-bi'sik salam (sela'mat) whistle (noun) soe'ling, seroeling, weld ^pa'teri deng'an besi' soe'wit welfare sela'met, oen'toeng whistle (verb) (on a whistle) main well (noun) ^pcri'gi, soe'moer, ma'ta (bennain) soeling a'jer whistle (verb) (with mouth) bersi'- bersoe'wit well (oil) soem'ber mi'njak oel, well (adverb) baik white poe'tih 7 whitewash (noun) ka'poer haloes well (healthy) segar , nja'man, e'nak ba'dan (pengla'boer) DICTIONARY 181 whitewash (verb) bi'kin poe'tih, wind (noun) (from desert) sa'moen memoe'tihken, menja'poeken wind (noun) (squall) ang'in goe'- ka'poer noeng-goe'noengan whither kama'na wind (noun) (trade ) ang'in who (interrogative) sia'pa, sa'pa, moe'sim ma'na o'rang wind (noun) (changing) ang'in who (relative) Jang beralih-a'lih whoa! diam! (to horses) wind (verb) poe'ter, memoe'ter, whoever ba'rang sia'pa menggiling, goe'loeng whole ante'ro, semoea', samaseka'li windbag o'rang som'bong, toewa'- wholesale perda'gangan besar' kang whore soen'del, lon'te, pram'poean winding stairs ^tangf'ga soe'loer dja'hat ba'tang whose (interrogative) sia'pa poe'nja wind instrument boe'nji-boe'njian whose (relative) Jang poe'nja jang di tioep' whosoever 2 sia'pa , ba'rang sia'pa windlass poe'ter la'wang why kena'pa, sebab' a'pa, mfcnga'pa, window djende'la, ting'kap kena' a'pa windpipe ^tenggo'rokan, boeloeh2 wick (for lamp) soem'boe windshield (of auto) ka'tja didepan' wicked dja'hat, do'sa (dimoe'ka), ka'tja jang ta'han ang'in wicker ro'tan windward a'tas ang'in wide (broad) le'bar, loe'was wine^ ^ang'goer wide (loose) long'gar wine (champagne) ang'goer poef, wide ( apart) dja'rang sampa'ni f widow djan da wine vinegar tjoe'ka welan'da width lebai/nja wing (general) sa'jap wield mendja'bat wing (of army) ga'ding wife bi'ni, is'tri (pol.) wink kedjap', kelip' wifeb eat e r peroe'goel winnow tam'pi, menam'pi wild (of land) hoe'tan, rim'boe winnowing basket tam'pah, tetam'pah boe'was wild (untamed) liar, ga'lak, wipe selsa, menjeTca wild (wild animals ) mergasafwa wire ka'wat /- will (noun) (last ) wasi'jat wisdom ^boe'di, kapin'teran, boe will (verb) (future aux.) ma'oe, diman hen'dak, nan'ti, a'kan wisdom (science) pengeta'hoean, will (verb) (desire) ma'oe, hen'dak, il'moe, pan'dai il'moe berkahen'dak wise (adj.) boe'di, pin'ter, hik'mat, willing soe'ka, deng'an soe'ka ha'ti, alim dengan rid'la (karidOaan) wise (noun) (manner) a'dat, t^t'ra, wilt ^la'joe, dja'di la'joe la'koe, ma'tjem wimble ^in'tjer, poeterwala wish (noun) kahen'dak, mace win (in business) oen'toeng, beroen'- wish (verb) hen'dak, mengheii'daid, toeng, berla'ba keping'in, maae, niat-ha'ti win (in games or fight) menang' wit a'kal boe'di, tjeredik' winch (noun) li'kasan witch ^poewa'ka winch (verb) ^melilcas, meroe'wing with sa'ma, deng'an, serta', bersa'ma- sa'ma wind (noun) (current of air) ang'in withdraw wind (noun) (from land) ang'in moen'doer, da'rat wither la'joe, dja'di la'joe f wind (noun) (from sea) ang in la'oet withhold talian, ta'hanken 182 HANDBOOK of the MALAY LANGUAGE within dida'lem, da'lem worn a'moh, boe'roek without (outside) loe'war, diloe'war worry soe'sah, kasoe'sahan, koewa'- without (not having) tia'da, deng'an tir, chawa'tir ti'da, ti'da a'da, ta'da worse (inferior in quality) koe'rang withstand mela'wan baik witness (noun) (person) sak'si, worse (morally) lebih dja'hat (kedji') sja'hid worship menjembah, semba'jang witness (noun) evidence) kasaksian worshipper penjembah' witness (verb) menjak'siken, naik worst (most inf. in quality) Jang sak'si, ka'si (memberi') ketrang'an pa'ling ti'da baik 7 witty djina'ka, arif, tjeredik worst (morally) Jang pa'ling dja'hat wobble berti'ta-ti'ta, selo'jongan (kedji') 7 woe (pain) sa'kit worst (verb) (to defeat) menga - woe (disaster) tjila'ka lahken, mena'loekken woman pram'poean, peram'poewan, worth (price) har'ga o'rang pram'poean, beti'na worth (use) la'koe, goe'na womb pepoe'djoe, pera'nakan worthy berdja'sa, kabak'tian, moe'lia wonder hai'ran, he'ran wound (noun) loe'ka wonderful adjaib wound (verb)-meloe'kai, meloe'kaken wont (custom) a'dat, bia'sa wrap (noun) (European) tja'la woo (to court) memi'nang, mela'mar wrap (noun) (native) selen'dang 7 wood (the material) ka'joe wrap (verb) boeng'koe-s, memboeng - wood (forest) hoe'tan, tin/faa koes, membaloet wooden ka'joe, da'ri ka'joe wrapping paper kertas' pemboeng'- wood carver pengoe'kir ka'joe koes woodcock boe'roeng boertjel/ wrath kema'rahan, moer'ka, ma'rah woodcut oe'kiran ka'joe wreath ka'rangan kembang' woodcutter toe'kang po'tong (boe'nga) (menebang') ka'joe wreck (noun) (derelict ship) pera'hoe woodpecker pela'toek, boe'roeng (ka'pal) ka'ram (kan'das) pela'toek wreck (verb) ka'ram, bina'sa woodpigeon boe'roeng balam wrench koen'tji pa'sak (pa'koe woodpile ^tim'boenan (toem'poekan) besar') ka'joe wrestle (verb) bergeloet', meng- woodpile (to burn people) pantja'ka geloet', bergoe'moel woodshed goe'dang ka'joe wriggle meling'ker, berbelit'-beUt' woodsliver ^ta'tal wring memereV, meremas' woodworm ( mite) boe'boek, wringer ^pameres'an 7 temba'loek wrinkle (noun) keroet , ki'soet WO ol ^boeloe dom'ba wrinkle (verb) meli'pat, melemjE^t', word ka'ta, perka'taan, sapa'tah mengoe'soetken tjalsap (Sing.) wrist ^boe'koe tang'an, na'di work (noun) pakerdja'an, kerdja' writ soe'rat peren'tah (ti'tah) 7 7 work (verbjkerdja , bekerdja' write ^toe'lis, menoe lis workman o'rang kerdja', koeli, writer (author) penga'rang toe'kang writer (clerk) djoe'roe toe'lis world doe'nia, a'lam, boe'mi writing soe'rat, toelisan, ka'rangan worm ^tja'tjing, oelat wrong sa'lah, silap worm cake o'bat tja'tjing wrought (iron) timpaan wormeaten Himanran oe'lat, oe'leran wry se'rong DICTIONARY 183

yolk koe'ningnja telor7 yam oeHbi yore tem'po doeloe yank sentak', menjentak', menjendal' you kowe', ang^kau, eng'kau, kau, loe yap menggong'gong, keleng'kengan (fam.), ka'moe (Sum.), toe'wan yard (measure) e'lo (Java), e'la (poL), toewanham'ha (very pol.) 7 (Sing.) young (adjective) moe'da, ketjil yard (compound) kam'pong, peka'- young (noun) (animal) a'nak rangan, la'tar youngster (boy) sin'jo yarn benang' youngster (girl) ^no'na yawn nga'nga, menga'nga, mengoe'- your(s) (Use same words as for you, wap and add poe'nja) yaws (frambosia) pa'teh yourself (Use same words as for you, year ta'hoen and add sendi'ri) yeast ra'gi youth (young age) oe'moer moe'da, yell bertere'ak tem'po moe'da yellow koe'ning youth (young man) boe'dak, taroe'- / yelp (See yap) na, djedja ka yes ija, sa'ja (pol.) yet ma'sih, mi'sih, la'gi yield (noun) (production) ha'sil, zeal gai'rat, hi'mat penga'silan, poe'ngoetan zealot o'rang moetacha'jil r yield (verb) (to produce) mengeloe'- zigzag si koe keloe'wang r warken ha'sil zinc (metal) ti'mah sa ri yield (verb) (to give in) ti'was, zodiac boeroedj asmani ka'lah, menga'lah zone fihak boe'mi r yoke da'nam, sa wat, pa'sangan zoology il'moe hai'wan

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