DOCSLIB.ORG

RRA Report on Nam Mae Hkok Watershed, Eastern Shan State Myanmar

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
RRA Report on Nam Mae Hkok Watershed, Eastern Shan State Myanmar Page 1 of 15 Regional Environmental Technical Assistance 5771 Poverty Reduction & Environmental Management in Remote Greater Mekong Subregion Watersheds Project (Phase I) RRA report on Nam Mae Hkok Watershed, Eastern Shan State Myanmar Watershed Profile By U Sit Bo U Zaw Win CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Mekong Watershed Situation in Myanmar 3. Proposed Watershed Area for Myanmar 2 4. RRA Tool 2 5. General Overview of the Nam Mae Hkok Watershed Area 2 5.1 Biophysical information 2 5.1.1 Land use 2 5.1.2 Climate 2 5.1.3 Geology and soil 3 5.1.4 Water Resources 3 5.1.5 Forest Resources 3 5.1.6 Wild Life 3 5.1.7 Infrastructure 3 5.2 Socio Economic Information 3 5.2.1 Population Structure 3 5.2.2 Livelihoods 4 5.2.3. Per Capita Available Land Resource 4 5.2.4 Labour and Gender 4 6. Upland Town Profile 5 6.1 Location and Infrastructure 5 6.2 Population 6 Page 2 of 15 6.3 Main Economic Sectors 6 6.4 Role of Public Sector and Local Government in Promoting Enterprise 6 6.5 Development of Industries Service Centres 6 6.6 Participation of People 6 6.6.1 Present Employment in Industries of Services Sectors 6 7. Method of Data Collection Village Check List 1. Introduction 2. Village Check List 2.1 Seik Khaung Village 2.2 Pu Mo Village 2.3 Brief on Checklist for household interviews Appendix 1. Upland town (Mongsat ) population & health profile 2. Check list for household interview (lowland fanner, male, married) 3. Cheek list for household interview (lowland farmer, female, married) 4. Check list for household interview (lowland fanner, male, single) 5. Check list for household interview (lowland fanner, female, single) 6. Check list for household interview (upland farmer, male, married) 7. Check list for household interview (upland fanner, female, married) 8. Check list for household interview(upland fanner, male, single) 9. Check list for household interview(upland farmer, female, single) 10. Photos 11. Maps 1. Introduction Under the Regional Environmental Technical Assistance (RETA) Programme, funded by Asian Development Bank, the first phase of Poverty Reduction and Environmental Management in Remote Greater Mekong Sub- region(GMS) Watershed Project is launched to carry out a feasibility study for the development of the watershed areas. The preliminary studies are made in all the countries of the GMS, covering such subjects as Natural Resources Policy, Wood Trade, GIS and Land use, Protected Areas Management, Community forestry, Upland agriculture, Rural Infrastructure, Human Resources and Rural Development. Myanmar's involvement in the GMS amounts only to 2% of the total regional area. Six sub-watersheds are identified in this area of which the following three are shortlisted for final selection as project area for the coming phase II. They are: a. Nan Loi b. Nan Mae Ilkok and Page 3 of 15 c. Nan Mae Khan In the mid-term review meeting held at Vientiane in February 1999, Nan Mae Hkok was tentatively selected as potential second phase project intervention area as the river passes through Myanmar and Thailand, and thus giving the possibility of regional cooperation between the two countries. Although time available for the study precludes field visits, it is considered that whatever information available of the common topics concerning environment, land use and community development would be of some value to the phase I study. The phase 1 project duration is from June 1998 to June 1999. 2. Mekong Watershed Situation in Myanmar Most of Eastern Shan State falls in the Mekong Watershed area. The following table summarises the area of Mekong Sub-watershed falling in various townships. Sr. Area of Sub-watershed Sq. Miles No. Township Mekong Nam Mac Nam Mac Nam Lin Nam Loi Nam Total Drainage Hkok Hok Yawng 1 Kengtung 45.79 - 260.04 1404.89 - 1710.72 2 Mong Hpyak 89.03 49.66 479.79 27.51 59.29 705.28 3 Mong Yowmg 597.31 - - - 732.35 508.80 1838.46 4 Mong Hsat - 1170.66 269.75 - - - 1440.41 5 Mong Hkok - - - 590.43 590.43 6 Mong Yung - - - - 838.46 - 838.46 7 Tachi lake 329.91 7.13 617.63 273.35 - 65.19 1293.21 Total 927.22 1312.61 937.04 1013.18 3593.64 633.28 8416.97 3. Proposed Watershed Area for Myanmar The phase II project cannot cope with all Sub-watersheds of Mekong falling in all participating countries. The mid-term review meeting held in Vientiane in February 1999 has tentatively selected Nam Mae Hkok sub- watershed as future intervention area for the phase II project. This sub - watershed covers part of Myanmar and Thailand, thus facilitating regional cooperation between Myanmar and Thailand. Nam Mae Hkok river originates in Kentung District, flows southwards though Mong-hsat District, crosses Myanmar-Thailand border and thence through Chiang Rai District and Joins the Mekong river. 4. RRA Tool The guidelines for this Rapid Rural Appraisal(RRA.) was formulated by Science, Technology and Environment Organization (STENO) of Vientiane, Lao PDR and sent to Myanmar by fax in February 1999. The actual work can only be started after the visit of the team leader to Myanmar on 20th march 1999. After some lengthy enquiries to the local Forest Department staff at Mong-hsat, the actual field work was carried out in April 1999. 5. General Overview of the Nam Mae Hkok watershed Area 5.1 Biophysical information Page 4 of 15 5.1.1 Land use Land use system of Nam Mae Hkok watershed area can be summarized as follows. Sr. No. Land use class Area Acres 1 Lowland rice cultivation 6421 2 Terrace Farming 474 3 Upland rice 4155 4 Home Gardens, Orchards 882 5 Shifting Cultivation 7320 6 Deciduous forest 2278 7 Evergreen forest 645497 8 Scrub land 173230 Total 840077 Acres 5.1.2 Climate Since there was no meteorological station on Mong Hsat District, no recorded data for the past years were available. The nearest estimate made from available data from Kengtung and Mong Phyat Districts indicates an annual precipitation of about 63 inches and temperatures ranging from 12' C to 35' C. 5.1.3 Geology and Soil Mainly limestone, latterite and in some places metamorphic rocks occur over the District. Majority of soils found are mountain red brown soils, Brown Forest soils on hilly areas and yellow alluvial soils on flat plains. 5.1.4 Water Resources Nam Moe Hkok is a perennial river although some of its tributaries are seasonal. Small river craft are used to travel to villages along the Nam Moe Hkok river throughout the whole year. 5.1.5 Forest Resources Although forest cover is quite good with evergreen and deciduous forests, the economic value of the forest is quite low due to the effect of shifting cultivation and occurrence of lesser used timber species in small sizes. Bamboos are quite abundant. Occurrence of tree species are limited to Dipterocarpus Spp, Anogeissus acuminata, Salmalia malabarica, Homalium tomentosum, Dalbergia Spp. etc. An area of 118 sq.miles (75528 Acres) is proposed as Nam Hkok Reserved forest at the head waters of the river. Another 10.755sq. miles of forest is set aside to form a protected unclassed forest to preserve forest around Mae Pan Hydro Power Station. 5.1.6 Wild life Except for Sambhur, large game are quite scarce. Wild boar, barking deer, bear, wild dogs and monkeys can still be found in many areas. Quite a number of wild fowl, parrots, doves, partridge, quail etc. are found in the area. 5.1.7 Infrastructure An all weather road connects Monghsat with Taunggyi through Mong Ton & Loilem. There are also fair weather roads from Monghsat to Tachilek and also Mong Hsat to Keng Tung through Mong Pyin. Myanmar Airways operates twice a week flights to Monghsat. Page 5 of 15 As for communications, postal service, telegraph and Radio-telephone services are available. 5.2 Socio Economic Information 5.2.1 Population Structure Actual population of Nam Moe Hkok watershed cannot be obtained due to shortage of time. The closest representation can be that of Monghsat Township profile which is attached as appendix (1). Since the Nam Moe Hkok watershed area is about 75% of the total township area including the Urban areas, population is estimated as follows: (a) Population 56777 Urban (all) 14858 Rural (0.75%) 41919 male : female ratio 91:100 labour availability 15-49 yr. group (0.75%) 21300 (b) Population Density 14.30/ Sq - Km (c) Population growth rate 0.43% (d) Maternal Mortality rate 1.53/ 1000 live births. (e) Leading cause of death Malaria 5.2.2 Livelihoods Agriculture is the main occupation of the rural population. Available statistics indicates over 11000 acres of permanent agriculture in the watershed area. Land use information from 1989-90 landsat TM imagerry is given in (5.1.1). It was revealed that over 700 sq. miles of closed and degraded forests were affected by shifting cultivation. The availability of swidden land is determined by the traditional rights of the residing ethnic groups, which are mainly Shan, Wa, Ahkhar and Larhu tribes. 5.2.3 Per Capita Available Land Resource For Nan Mae Hkok watershed, per capita available land resources is estimated as follows: Forest land Closed & Forest affected by shifting other land degraded cultivation 6.78 acres 7.85 Acres 0.16 Acres 5.2.4 Labour and Gender Estimated strength of available labour (people of working age 14-49 years) in the watershed area is about 21300 of which male to female ratio stands at 91.100.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • (Mong Ton) Dam March 10, 2015: Shan
    Detailed timeline of community opposition to SMEC’s EIA/SIA process for the Upper Salween (Mong Ton) dam March 10, 2015: Shan and Karen representatives protest at SMEC public meeting in Taunggyi SMEC held a public meeting in Taunggyi, Shan State. At the meeting, about 30 Karen and Shan people protested by wearing “No Dam” headbands, holding up posters against the Salween dams, and publicly raising many questions about the planned EIA/SIA process. However, the description of this “first public EIA/SIA scoping meeting” on the official Mong Ton Hydropower Project website makes no mention of the protest. (http://www.mongtonhydro.com/eportal/ui?pageId=132488&articleKey=134488&columnId=132537) April 6, 2015: About 150 villagers protest at SMEC public meeting in Mong Ton About 150 local villagers protested against the Mong Ton dam during a meeting organized by SMEC in Mong Ton, southern Shan State, Burma on April 6, 2015. The villagers, from different areas of Mong Ton, raised placards against the dam, and handed a statement to SMEC staff, raising concerns about the lack of lasting peace, and the potential flooding of many towns, villages and temples, particularly in Kunhing Township. The consultation was mainly attended by government officials and other pro-government groups, including local militia, and villagers said that they had little opportunity to ask questions. After the consultation, the villagers went to Pittakat Hong Dhamma temple, and held a ceremony to pray for the protection of the Salween River. The local branches of the two main Shan parties, Shan Nationalities Democratic Party (SNDP) and Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (SNLD), issued statements against the Mong Ton dam on the day of the meeting.
    [Show full text]
  • National Transport Master Plan
    Ministry of Transport The Republic of the Union of Myanmar The Survey Program for the National Transport Development Plan in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report September 2014 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd. International Development Center of Japan EI ALMEC Corporation JR 14-192 Ministry of Transport The Republic of the Union of Myanmar The Survey Program for the National Transport Development Plan in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report September 2014 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd. International Development Center of Japan ALMEC Corporation Exchange rate used in this Report USD 1.00 = JPY 99.2 USD 1.00 = MMK 970.9 MMK 1.00 = JPY 0.102 (As of October, 2013) Project Location Map The Survey Program for the National Transport Development Plan in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar A grand design for the transport sector at the dawn of new and modern era of transport development in Myanmar Final Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 MYT-Plan Goals and Objective ..................................................................................... 1 - 1 1.2 Structure of the Master Plan ....................................................................................... 1 - 2 1.3 Structure of the Report ................................................................................................ 1 - 3 Chapter 2. Socio-economic and Financial Frameworks 2.1 Demographic Framework ...........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • UNDERCURRENTS Monitoring Development on Burma’S Mekong
    UNDERCURRENTS Monitoring Development on Burma’s Mekong INSIDE: Blasting the Mekong Consequences of the Navigation Scheme Road Construction in Shan State: Turning Illegal Drug Profits into Legal Revenues Sold Down the River The tragedy of human trafficking on the Mekong No Place Left for the Spirits of the Yellow Leaves Intensive logging leaves few options for the Mabri people in Shan State ...and more The Lahu National Development January 2005 Organization (LNDO) The Mekong/ Lancang The Mekong River is Southeast Asia’s longest, stretching from its source in Tibet to the delta of Vietnam. Millions of people depend on it for agriculture and fishing, and accordingly it holds a special cultural significance. For 234 kilometers, the Mekong forms the border between Burma’s Shan State and Luang Nam Tha and Bokeo provinces of Laos. This stretch includes the infamous “Golden Triangle”, or where Burma, Laos and Thailand meet, which has been known for illicit drug production. Over 22,000 primarily indigenous peoples live in the mountainous region of this isolated stretch of the river in Burma. The main ethnic groups are Akha, Shan, Lahu, Sam Tao (Loi La), Chinese, and En. The Mekong River has a special significance for the Lahu people. Like the Chinese, we call it the Lancang, and according to legends, the first Lahu people came from the river’s source. Traditional songs and sayings are filled with references to the river. True love is described as stretching form the source of the Mekong to the sea. The beauty of a woman is likened to the glittering scales of a fish in the Mekong.
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar Exodus from the Shan State
    MYANMAR EXODUS FROM THE SHAN STATE “For your own good, don’t destroy others.” Traditional Shan song INTRODUCTION Civilians in the central Shan State are suffering the enormous consequences of internal armed conflict, as fighting between the tatmadaw, or Myanmar army, and the Shan State Army-South (SSA-South) continues. The vast majority of affected people are rice farmers who have been deprived of their lands and their livelihoods as a result of the State Peace and Development Council’s (SPDC, Myanmar’s military government) counter-insurgency tactics. In the last four years over 300,000 civilians have been displaced by the tatmadaw, hundreds have been killed when they attempted to return to their farms, and thousands have been seized by the army to work without pay on roads and other projects. Over 100,000 civilians have fled to neighbouring Thailand, where they work as day labourers, risking arrest for “illegal immigration” by the Thai authorities. In February 2000 Amnesty International interviewed Shan refugees from Laikha, Murngpan, Kunhing, and Namsan townships, central Shan State. All except one stated that they had been forcibly relocated by the tatmadaw. The refugees consistently stated that they had fled from the Shan State because of forced labour and relocations, and because they were afraid of the Myanmar army. They reported instances of the army killing their friends and relatives if they were found trying to forage for food or harvest crops outside of relocation sites. Every refugee interviewed by Amnesty International said that they were forced to build roads, military buildings and carry equipment for the tatmadaw, and many reported that they worked alongside children as young as 10.
    [Show full text]
  • IDP 2011 Eng Cover Master
    Map 7 : Southern and Central Shan State Hsipaw Mongmao INDIA Ta ng ya n CHINA Mongyai MYANMAR (BURMA) LAOS M Y A N M A R / B U R M A THAILAND Pangsang Kehsi Mong Hsu Matman Salween Mongyang S H A N S T A T E Mongket COAL MINE Mongla Mong Kung Pang Mong Ping Kunhing Kengtung Yatsauk Laikha Loilem Namzarng Monghpyak Mong Kok COAL MINE Taunggyi KENG TAWNG DAM COAL MINE Nam Pawn Mong Hsat Mongnai TASANG Tachilek Teng DAM Langkher Mongpan Mongton Mawkmai Hsihseng en Salwe Pekon T H A I L A N D Loikaw Kilometers Shadaw Demawso Wieng Hang Ban Mai 01020 K A Y A H S T A T E Nai Soi Tatmadaw Regional Command Refugee Camp Development Projects Associated with Human Rights Abuses Tatmadaw Military OPS Command International Boundary Logging Tatmadaw Battalion Headquarters State/Region Boundary Dam BGF/Militia HQ Rivers Mine Tatmadaw Outpost Roads Railroad Construction BGF/Militia Outpost Renewed Ceasefire Area (UWSA, NDAA) Road Construction Displaced Village, 2011 Resumed Armed Resistance (SSA-N) IDP Camp Protracted Armed Resistance (SSA-S, PNLO) THAILAND BURMA BORDER CONSORTIUM 43 Map 12 : Tenasserim / Tanintharyi Region INDIA T H A I L A N D CHINA MYANMAR Yeb yu (BURMA) LAOS Dawei Kanchanaburi Longlon THAILAND Thayetchaung Bangkok Ban Chaung Tham Hin T A N I N T H A R Y I R E G I O N Gulf Taninth of Palaw a Thailand ryi Mergui Andaman Sea Tanintharyi Mawtaung Bokpyin Kilometers 0 50 100 Kawthaung Development Projects Associated Tatmadaw Regional Command Refugee Camp with Human Rights Abuses Tatmadaw Military OPS Command International Boundary Gas
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnic Armed Actors and Justice Provision in Myanmar
    Ethnic Armed Actors and Justice Provision in Myanmar Brian McCartan and Kim Jolliffe October 2016 Preface As a result of decades of ongoing civil war, large areas of Myanmar remain outside government rule, or are subject to mixed control and governance by the government and an array of ethnic armed actors (EAAs). These included ethnic armed organizations, with ceasefires or in conflict with the state, as well as state-backed ethnic paramilitary organizations, such as the Border Guard Forces and People’s Militia Forces. Despite this complexity, order has been created in these areas, in large part through customary justice mechanisms at the community level, and as a result of justice systems administered by EAAs. Though the rule of law and the workings of Myanmar’s justice system are receiving increasing attention, the role and structure of EAA justice systems and village justice remain little known and therefore, poorly understood. As such, The Asia Foundation is pleased to present this research on justice provision and ethnic armed actors in Myanmar, as part of the Foundation’s Social Services in Contested Areas in Myanmar series. The study details how the village, and village-based mechanisms, are the foundation of stability and order for civilians in most of these areas. These systems have then been built through EAA justice systems, which maintain a hierarchy of courts above the village level. Understanding the continuity and stability of these village systems, and the heterogeneity of the EAA justice systems which work alongside them, is essential for understanding civilians’ experiences of justice and security across Myanmar, as well as the opportunities for positive change that exist in Myanmar’s ongoing peace process and governance reforms.
    [Show full text]
  • The United Nations in Myanmar
    The United Nations in Myanmar United Nations Resident & Humanitarian Coordinator LEGEND Ms. Renata Dessallien Produced by : MIMU Date : 4 May 2016 Field Presence (By Office/Staff) Data Source : UN Agencies in Myanmar The United Nations (UN) has been present in Myanmar and assisting vulnerable populations since the country gained its independence in 1948. Head Office The UN Resident/Humanitarian Coordinator (UN RC/HC) is the chief UN official in Myanmar for humanitarian, recovery and Development activities. The UN country-level coordination is managed by the UN Country Team (UNCT) and led by the UN RC/HC. OTHER ENTITIES AND ASSOCIATE COORDINATION FUNDS AND PROGRAMMES SPECIALIZED AGENCIES AGENCIES UN- World UNRC /HC UNO CHA UN IC MIM U UND SS UNIC EF UN DP UNH CR UNO DC UNF PA WF P UNE SCO FA O UNI DO ILO WH O UNA IDS OHC HR UNO PS U N IO M IM F Office of the UN Coordin ation of Informatio n Centre Inform ation Safety and Children 's Fund Develo pment High Com missioner HABI TAT Office on D rugs and Population Fund World Food Educationa l, Scientific Food & Ag ricultural Industrial D evelopment Internation al Labour World Health Joint Prog ramme on High Com missioner Office for Project Interna tional Ban k Intern ational Resident/Humanitarian Humanitarian Affairs Management Unit Security Programme for Refugees Human Settlements Crime Programme & Cultural Organization Organization Organization Organization Organization HIV/AIDS for Human Rights Services WOMEN Organization for Monetary Fund Coordinator Programme Migration Group MANDATES To
    [Show full text]
  • THE POLITICAL ECONOMY of OPIUM REDUCTION in BURMA: LOCAL PERSPECTIVES from the WA REGION Mr. Sai Lone a Thesis Submitted in Part
    THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF OPIUM REDUCTION IN BURMA: LOCAL PERSPECTIVES FROM THE WA REGION Mr. Sai Lone A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Program in International Development Studies Faculty of Political Science Chulalongkorn University Academic Year 2008 Copyright of Chulalongkorn University เศรษฐศาสตรการเมืองของการปราบฝนในประเทศพมา: มุมมองระดับทองถิ่นในเขตวา นายไซ โลน วิทยานิพนธน ี้เปนสวนหนึ่งของการศึกษาตามหลกสั ูตรปริญญาศิลปศาสตรมหาบัณฑิต สาขาวิชาการพัฒนาระหวางประเทศ คณะรัฐศาสตร จุฬาลงกรณมหาวิทยาลัย ปการศึกษา 2551 ลิขสิทธิ์ของจุฬาลงกรณมหาวิทยาลัย Thesis title: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF OPIUM REDUCTION IN BURMA: LOCAL PERSPECTIVES FROM THE WA REGION By: Mr. Sai Lone Field of Study: International Development Studies Thesis Principal advisor: Niti Pawakapan, Ph. D. Accepted by the Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master’s Degree ___________________________ Dean of the Faculty of Political Science (Professor Charas Suwanmala, Ph.D.) THESIS COMMITTEE ___________________________ Chairperson (Professor Supang Chantavanich, Ph.D.) ___________________________ Thesis Principal Advisor (Niti Pawakapan, Ph.D.) ___________________________ External Examiner (Decha Tangseefa, Ph.D.) นายไซ โลน: เศรษฐศาสตรการเมืองของการปราบฝนในประเทศพมา: มุมมองระดับ ทองถิ่นในเขตวา (THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF OPIUM REDUCTION IN BURMA: LOCAL PERSPECTIVES FROM THE WA REGION) อ. ทปรี่ ึกษา: ดร.นิติ ภวัครพันธุ. 133 หนา. งานวิจัยชิ้นนี้เนนศึกษาผลกระทบดานเศรษฐกิจสังคมของโครงการพัฒนาชนบทที่ดําเนินงานโดยองคกร
    [Show full text]
  • Displacement and Poverty in South East Burma/Myanmar
    It remains to be seen how quickly and effectively the new DISPLACEMENT government will be able to tackle poverty, but there has not yet been any relaxation of restrictions on humanitarian AND POVERTY access into conflict-affected areas. In this context, the vast majority of foreign aid continues to be channelled into areas IN SOUTH EAST not affected by armed conflict such as the Irrawaddy/ Ayeyarwady Delta, the Dry Zone and Rakhine State. While responding to demonstrated needs, such engagement is BURMA/MYANMAR building trust with authorities and supporting advocacy for increased humanitarian space throughout the country. Until this confidence building process translates into access, 2011 cross-border aid will continue to be vital to ensure that the needs of civilians who are affected by conflict in the South East and cannot be reached from Yangon are not further marginalised. overty alleviation has been recognised by the new A new government in Burma/Myanmar offers the possibility The opportunity for conflict transformation will similarly government as a strategic priority for human of national reconciliation and reform after decades of conflict. require greater coherence between humanitarian, political, Thailand Burma Border Consortium (TBBC) development. While official figures estimate that a Every opportunity to resolve grievances, alleviate chronic development and human rights actors. Diplomatic www.tbbc.org quarter of the nation live in poverty, this survey poverty and restore justice must be seized, as there remain engagement with the Government in Naypidaw and the non Download the full report from Psuggests that almost two thirds of households in rural areas many obstacles to breaking the cycle of violence and abuse.
    [Show full text]
  • China Thailand Laos
    MYANMAR IDP Sites in Shan State As of 30 June 2021 BHUTAN INDIA CHINA BANGLADESH MYANMAR Nay Pyi Taw LAOS KACHIN THAILAND CHINA List of IDP Sites In nothern Shan No. State Township IDP Site IDPs 1 Hseni Nam Sa Larp 267 2 Hsipaw Man Kaung/Naung Ti Kyar Village 120 3 Bang Yang Hka (Mung Ji Pa) 162 4 Galeng (Palaung) & Kone Khem 525 5 Galeng Zup Awng ward 5 RC 134 6 Hu Hku & Ho Hko 131 SAGAING Man Yin 7 Kutkai downtown (KBC Church) 245 Man Pying Loi Jon 8 Kutkai downtown (KBC Church-2) 155 Man Nar Pu Wan Chin Mu Lin Huong Aik 9 Mai Yu Lay New (Ta'ang) 398 Yi Hku La Shat Lum In 22 Nam Har 10 Kutkai Man Loi 84 Ngar Oe Shwe Kyaung Kone 11 Mine Yu Lay village ( Old) 264 Muse Nam Kut Char Lu Keng Aik Hpan 12 Mung Hawm 170 Nawng Mo Nam Kat Ho Pawt Man Hin 13 Nam Hpak Ka Mare 250 35 ☇ Konkyan 14 Nam Hpak Ka Ta'ang ( Aung Tha Pyay) 164 Chaung Wa 33 Wein Hpai Man Jat Shwe Ku Keng Kun Taw Pang Gum Nam Ngu Muse Man Mei ☇ Man Ton 15 New Pang Ku 688 Long Gam 36 Man Sum 16 Northern Pan Law 224 Thar Pyauk ☇ 34 Namhkan Lu Swe ☇ 26 Kyu Pat 12 KonkyanTar Shan Loi Mun 17 Shan Zup Aung Camp 1,084 25 Man Set Au Myar Ton Bar 18 His Aw (Chyu Fan) 830 Yae Le Man Pwe Len Lai Shauk Lu Chan Laukkaing 27 Hsi Hsar 19 Shwe Sin (Ward 3) 170 24 Tee Ma Hsin Keng Pang Mawng Hsa Ka 20 Mandung - Jinghpaw 147 Pwe Za Meik Nar Hpai Nyo Chan Yin Kyint Htin (Yan Kyin Htin) Manton Man Pu 19 Khaw Taw 21 Mandung - RC 157 Aw Kar Shwe Htu 13 Nar Lel 18 22 Muse Hpai Kawng 803 Ho Maw 14 Pang Sa Lorp Man Tet Baing Bin Nam Hum Namhkan Ho Et Man KyuLaukkaing 23 Mong Wee Shan 307 Tun Yone Kyar Ti Len Man Sat Man Nar Tun Kaw 6 Man Aw Mone Hka 10 KutkaiNam Hu 24 Nam Hkam - Nay Win Ni (Palawng) 402 Mabein Ton Kwar 23 War Sa Keng Hon Gyet Pin Kyein (Ywar Thit) Nawng Ae 25 Namhkan Nam Hkam (KBC Jaw Wang) 338 Si Ping Kaw Yi Man LongLaukkaing Man Kaw Ho Pang Hopong 9 16 Nar Ngu Pang Paw Long Htan (Tart Lon Htan) 26 Nam Hkam (KBC Jaw Wang) II 32 Ma Waw 11 Hko Tar Say Kaw Wein Mun 27 Nam Hkam Catholic Church ( St.
    [Show full text]
  • Map of Myanmar
    94 96 98 J 100 102 ° ° Indian ° i ° ° 28 n ° Line s Xichang Chinese h a MYANMAR Line J MYANMAR i a n Tinsukia g BHUTAN Putao Lijiang aputra Jorhat Shingbwiyang M hm e ra k Dukou B KACHIN o Guwahati Makaw n 26 26 g ° ° INDIA STATE n Shillong Lumding i w d Dali in Myitkyina h Kunming C Baoshan BANGLADE Imphal Hopin Tengchong SH INA Bhamo C H 24° 24° SAGAING Dhaka Katha Lincang Mawlaik L Namhkam a n DIVISION c Y a uan Gejiu Kalemya n (R Falam g ed I ) Barisal r ( r Lashio M a S e w k a o a Hakha l n Shwebo w d g d e ) Chittagong y e n 22° 22° CHIN Monywa Maymyo Jinghong Sagaing Mandalay VIET NAM STATE SHAN STATE Pongsali Pakokku Myingyan Ta-kaw- Kengtung MANDALAY Muang Xai Chauk Meiktila MAGWAY Taunggyi DIVISION Möng-Pan PEOPLE'S Minbu Magway Houayxay LAO 20° 20° Sittwe (Akyab) Taungdwingyi DEMOCRATIC DIVISION y d EPUBLIC RAKHINE d R Ramree I. a Naypyitaw Loikaw w a KAYAH STATE r r Cheduba I. I Prome (Pye) STATE e Bay Chiang Mai M kong of Bengal Vientiane Sandoway (Viangchan) BAGO Lampang 18 18° ° DIVISION M a e Henzada N Bago a m YANGON P i f n n o aThaton Pathein g DIVISION f b l a u t Pa-an r G a A M Khon Kaen YEYARWARDY YangonBilugyin I. KAYIN ATE 16 16 DIVISION Mawlamyine ST ° ° Pyapon Amherst AND M THAIL o ut dy MON hs o wad Nakhon f the Irra STATE Sawan Nakhon Preparis Island Ratchasima (MYANMAR) Ye Coco Islands 92 (MYANMAR) 94 Bangkok 14° 14° ° ° Dawei (Krung Thep) National capital Launglon Bok Islands Division or state capital Andaman Sea CAMBODIA Town, village TANINTHARYI Major airport DIVISION Mergui International boundary 12° Division or state boundary 12° Main road Mergui n d Secondary road Archipelago G u l f o f T h a i l a Railroad 0 100 200 300 km Chumphon The boundaries and names shown and the designations Kawthuang 10 used on this map do not imply official endorsement or ° acceptance by the United Nations.
    [Show full text]
  • Sold to Be Soldiers the Recruitment and Use of Child Soldiers in Burma
    October 2007 Volume 19, No. 15(C) Sold to be Soldiers The Recruitment and Use of Child Soldiers in Burma Map of Burma........................................................................................................... 1 Terminology and Abbreviations................................................................................2 I. Summary...............................................................................................................5 The Government of Burma’s Armed Forces: The Tatmadaw ..................................6 Government Failure to Address Child Recruitment ...............................................9 Non-state Armed Groups....................................................................................11 The Local and International Response ............................................................... 12 II. Recommendations ............................................................................................. 14 To the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) ........................................ 14 To All Non-state Armed Groups.......................................................................... 17 To the Governments of Thailand, Laos, Bangladesh, India, and China ............... 18 To the Government of Thailand.......................................................................... 18 To the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)....................... 18 To UNICEF ........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]