Anti-Joodse Politiek, 1940–1942
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Xavier Vallat En Haute Cour De Justice De La Libération
Université Lyon 2 Séminaire d'Histoire Politiques du XIXe et XXe siècle Un législateur antisémite au service du Maréchal Tribune de Xavier Vallat en Haute Cour de Justice de la Libération Morand Nicolas Directeur de mémoire : Bruno Benoît mémoire soutenu le 05 septembre 2013 Jury : Bruno Benoît et Gilles Vergnon Table des matières Remerciements . 5 Introduction . 6 « la double fracture de 19471 » . 7 Un essoufflement de l'épuration française ? . 8 Xavier Vallat : « du nationalisme chrétien à l'antisémitisme d’État10 » . 10 Un procès en Haute Cour de justice de la libération . 13 I. Xavier Vallat aux affaires Juives : prêcheur de l'Antisémitisme, législateur scrupuleux et pion de l'Allemagne . 16 A. Une défense acharnée : l'antisémitisme en action30 et le discours d'un fanatique . 17 Le coup d'éclat lors de l'incident Kriegel . 17 La tribune antisémite de Vallat : « Discussion théologique à la Haute Cour32 » . 19 B. Un technocrate face à son bilan . 22 Une importante œuvre législative... au service de l'occupant . 22 Le piège de la collaboration . 27 C. La condamnation de l'antisémitisme d’État . 31 Silence ou reconnaissance du génocide dans l'après-guerre ? . 31 L'antisémitisme dans les procès d'épuration . 32 II. Le collaborateur Vallat : un pétainiste jusqu'au boutiste . 39 A. la condamnation de la participation au régime de Vichy . 39 La participation au régime de Vichy : une suite logique pour les droites françaises ? . 39 Maréchalisme et pétainisme : un adepte de la révolution nationale . 41 Le secrétariat général aux anciens combattants . 42 B. les éditoriaux d'août 1944 : la loyauté au Maréchal à quel prix ? Xavier Vallat acculé . -
The Example of Vichy
Yeshiva University, Cardozo School of Law LARC @ Cardozo Law Articles Faculty 1991 Legal Rhetoric under Stress: The Example of Vichy Richard H. Weisberg Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://larc.cardozo.yu.edu/faculty-articles Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Richard H. Weisberg, Legal Rhetoric under Stress: The Example of Vichy, 12 Cardozo Law Review 1371 (1991). Available at: https://larc.cardozo.yu.edu/faculty-articles/192 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty at LARC @ Cardozo Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by an authorized administrator of LARC @ Cardozo Law. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. LEGAL RHETORIC UNDER STRESS: THE EXAMPLE OF VICHY Richard Weisberg* INTRODUCTION Most of us have a tendency to think of the European disaster of 1933-45 in terms of physical violence of the worst, previously unimaginable kind. We have, in our mind's eye, masses of bodies. We think of the· depersonalization of victimized groups, of the refusal to see certain people as real, specific individuals, and of the resulting • Professor of Law, Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law. Beginning in 1982, I have made periodic trips to France to ascertain something of the reality of that legal community during the War years. I have since amassed, there and at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, some 2,500 documents, and I have interviewed a score of lawyers and functionarieswho lived the period as adults, some flourishing, others chased from their profes sion and in hiding. -
Vichy France and the Jews
VICHY FRANCE AND THE JEWS MICHAEL R. MARRUS AND ROBERT 0. PAXTON Originally published as Vichy et les juifs by Calmann-Levy 1981 Basic Books, Inc., Publishers New York Contents Introduction Chapter 1 / First Steps Chapter 2 / The Roots o f Vichy Antisemitism Traditional Images of the Jews 27 Second Wave: The Crises of the 1930s and the Revival of Antisemitism 34 The Reach of Antisemitism: How Influential Was It? 45 The Administrative Response 54 The Refugee Crisis, 1938-41 58 Chapter 3 / The Strategy o f Xavier Vallat, i 9 4 !-4 2 The Beginnings of German Pressure 77 Vichy Defines the Jewish Issue, 1941 83 Vallat: An Activist at Work 96 The Emigration Deadlock 112 Vallat’s Fall 115 Chapter 4 / The System at Work, 1040-42 The CGQJ and Other State Agencies: Rivalries and Border Disputes 128 Business as Usual 144 Aryanization 152 Emigration 161 The Camps 165 Chapter 5 / Public Opinion, 1040-42 The Climax of Popular Antisemitism 181 The DistriBution of Popular Antisemitism 186 A Special Case: Algeria 191 The Churches and the Jews 197 X C ontents The Opposition 203 An Indifferent Majority 209 Chapter 6 / The Turning Point: Summer 1Q42 215 New Men, New Measures 218 The Final Solution 220 Laval and the Final Solution 228 The Effort to Segregate: The Jewish Star 234 Preparing the Deportation 241 The Vel d’Hiv Roundup 250 Drancy 252 Roundups in the Unoccupied Zone 255 The Massacre of the Innocents 263 The Turn in PuBlic Opinion 270 Chapter 7 / The Darquier Period, 1942-44 281 Darquier’s CGQJ and Its Place in the Regime 286 Darquier’s CGQJ in Action 294 Total Occupation and the Resumption of Deportations 302 Vichy, the ABBé Catry, and the Massada Zionists 310 The Italian Interlude 315 Denaturalization, August 1943: Laval’s Refusal 321 Last Days 329 Chapter 8 / Conclusions: The Holocaust in France . -
Uva-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Mensen, macht en mentaliteiten achter prikkeldraad: een historisch- sociologische studie van concentratiekamp Vught (1943-1944) Meeuwenoord, A.M.B. Publication date 2011 Document Version Final published version Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Meeuwenoord, A. M. B. (2011). Mensen, macht en mentaliteiten achter prikkeldraad: een historisch-sociologische studie van concentratiekamp Vught (1943-1944). General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:04 Oct 2021 Mensen, macht en mentaliteiten achter prikkeldraad Een historisch-sociologische studie van concentratiekamp Vught (1943-1944) Marieke Meeuwenoord 1 Mensen, macht en mentaliteiten achter prikkeldraad 2 Mensen, macht en mentaliteiten achter prikkeldraad Een historisch-sociologische studie van concentratiekamp Vught (1943-1944) ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof. -
The London School of Economics and Political Science the New
The London School of Economics and Political Science The New Industrial Order: Vichy, Steel, and the Origins of the Monnet Plan, 1940-1946 Luc-André Brunet A thesis submitted to the Department of International History of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, July 2014 1 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 87,402 words. 2 Abstract Following the Fall of France in 1940, the nation’s industry was fundamentally reorganised under the Vichy regime. This thesis traces the history of the keystones of this New Industrial Order, the Organisation Committees, by focusing on the organisation of the French steel industry between the end of the Third Republic in 1940 and the establishment of the Fourth Republic in 1946. It challenges traditional views by showing that the Committees were created largely to facilitate economic collaboration with Nazi Germany. -
Erfgoed Van De Oorlog De Oogst Van Het Programma
Erfgoed van de Oorlog de oogst van het programma 1 Erfgoed van de Oorlog de oogst van het programma Erfgoed van de Oorlog de oogst van het programma 2 3 Erfgoed van de Oorlog de oogst van het programma Inhoud Voorwoord 7 Inleiding 9 Uitgangspunten en doelstellingen van het programma 15 De digitale WOII- erfgoedinfrastructuur 21 221 projecten in woord en beeld 24 Indexen 175 4 5 Erfgoed van de Oorlog de oogst van het programma De oogst van Erfgoed van de Oorlog In dit boek wordt de oogst van ruim 3 jaar programma Erfgoed van de Oorlog gepresenteerd. Dit is waar we het voor hebben gedaan. Want natuurlijk waren er weloverwogen doelstellingen en een navenant beleidskader en konden we over een fantastisch budget beschikken. Maar dat alles zegt niets als de resultaten van zo’n programma niet aansprekend zijn. In dit boek spreken de resultaten. Ze zijn verwoord en verbeeld en vertellen elk een eigen verhaal. Dat is dan ook precies wat de nalatenschap van de Tweede Wereldoorlog doet. Deze vertelt ons over een bijzonder, ingewikkeld en vaak ook pijnlijk verleden. Niet om te moraliseren of te beleren, maar om ons iets te onthullen over wie wij zijn en vooral waar we vandaan komen. Het zijn verhalen die soms bemoedigen, omdat ze laten zien waar mensen toe in staat zijn. Maar meer nog vormen ze een waarschuwing, voor datgene waartoe mensen óók in staat zijn. Met Erfgoed van de Oorlog hebben we geprobeerd eraan bij te dragen dat deze verhalen ook in de toekomst verteld kunnen blijven. Niet alleen het 6 7 grand narrative maar ook de kleine geschiedenissen, die de complexiteit die de oorlog kenmerkten, tonen. -
Vichy Against Vichy: History and Memory of the Second World War in the Former Capital of the État Français from 1940 to the Present
Vichy against Vichy: History and Memory of the Second World War in the Former Capital of the État français from 1940 to the Present Audrey Mallet A Thesis In the Department of History Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) at Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne December 2016 © Audrey Mallet, 2016 CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES This is to certify that the thesis prepared By: Audrey Mallet Entitled: Vichy against Vichy: History and Memory of the Second World War in the Former Capital of the État français from 1940 to the Present and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) complies with the regulations of the University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Signed by the final examining committee: Chair Dr. G. LeBlanc External Examiner Dr. E. Jennings External to Program Dr. F. Chalk Examiner Dr. D. Peschanski Examiner Dr. C. Claveau Thesis Co-Supervisor Dr. N. Ingram Thesis Co-Supervisor Dr. H. Rousso Approved by: Dr. B. Lorenzkowski, Graduate Program Director December 5, 2016 Dr. A. Roy, Dean, Faculty of Arts & Science Abstract Vichy against Vichy: History and Memory of the Second World War in the Former Capital of the État français from 1940 to the Present Audrey Mallet, Ph.D. Concordia University & Paris I Panthéon Sorbonne, 2016 Following the June 22, 1940 armistice and the subsequent occupation of northern France by the Germans, the French government left Paris and eventually established itself in the city of Vichy. -
'Vergeet Niet Dat Je Arts Bent' : Joodse Artsen in Nederland 1940-1945
‘Vergeet niet dat je arts bent’ : Joodse artsen in Nederland 1940-1945 Citation for published version (APA): van den Ende, H. L. (2015). ‘Vergeet niet dat je arts bent’ : Joodse artsen in Nederland 1940-1945. Uitgeverij Boom. https://doi.org/10.26481/dis.20150402he Document status and date: Published: 01/01/2015 DOI: 10.26481/dis.20150402he Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Please check the document version of this publication: • A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. -
Vichy Vu Par Valéry Giscard D'estaing
LeMonde Job: WMQ2810--0001-0 WAS LMQ2810-1 Op.: XX Rev.: 27-10-97 T.: 11:29 S.: 111,06-Cmp.:27,11, Base : LMQPAG 48Fap:99 No:0335 Lcp: 196 CMYK LE MONDE ÉCONOMIE Niveau des relations salaries-patronat a 8,22 Le patronat 7,00 européen en crise 5,02 a Immobilier : 2 pages d’annonces ALLEM. FRANCE NORVÈGE CINQUANTE-TROISIÈME ANNÉE – No 16407 – 7,50 F MARDI 28 OCTOBRE 1997 FONDATEUR : HUBERT BEUVE-MÉRY – DIRECTEUR : JEAN-MARIE COLOMBANI Vichy vu par Valéry Giscard d’Estaing Les marchés Dans un entretien au « Monde », l’ancien président, dont Maurice Papon fut le ministre, évoque boursiers ses souvenirs de l’Occupation. Il oppose la « réalité historique » à la « démarche » gaulliste asiatiques LE PROCÈS de Maurice Papon Sans l’arrivée des Alliés [...], nous ne reprendra pas, lundi 27 octo- aurions été écrasés. [...] Cela m’a et européens bre, devant la cour d’assises de la angoissé parce que j’ai vu se former, Gironde, en raison d’une prolon- immédiatement, des interprétations gation de l’hospitalisation de l’ac- inexactes de l’histoire. » rechutent cusé au minimum jusqu’à mercre- L’ancien président de la Répu- di midi. blique justifie la « démarche » du LE RÉPIT enregistré vendredi REUTERS/MAXPPP Dans un entretien accordé au général de Gaulle « affirmant à la sur les places financières asia- Monde, Valéry Giscard d’Estaing face du monde que la France se tiques aura été de courte durée. Le nouveau évoque pour la première fois ses trouvait où il se trouvait, et non à Lundi 27 octobre, la Bourse de souvenirs de la période et donne Vichy », mais il distingue cette dé- Hongkong a abandonné 5,8 %. -
Feeding France's Outcasts: Rationing in Vichy's Internment Camps, 1940
Feeding France’s Outcasts: Rationing and Hunger in Vichy’s Internment Camps, 1940-1944 by Laurie Drake A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Laurie Drake November 2020 Feeding France’s Outcasts: Rationing in Vichy’s Internment Camps, 1940-1944 Laurie Drake Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto November 2020 Abstract During the Second World War, Vichy interned thousands of individuals in internment camps. Although mortality remained relatively low, morbidity rates soared, and hunger raged throughout. How should we assess Vichy’s role and complicity in the hunger crisis that occurred? Were caloric deficiencies the outcome of a calculated strategy, willful neglect, or an unexpected consequence of administrative detention and wartime penury? In this dissertation, I argue that the hunger endured by the thousands of internees inside Vichy’s camps was not the result of an intentional policy, but rather a reflection of Vichy’s fragility as a newly formed state and government. Unlike the Nazis, French policy-makers never created separate ration categories for their inmates. Ultimately, food shortage resulted from the general paucity of goods arising from wartime occupation, dislocation, and the disruption of traditional food routes. Although these problems affected all of France, the situation was magnified in the camps for two primary reasons. First, the camps were located in small, isolated towns typically ii not associated with large-scale agricultural production. Second, although policy-makers attempted to implement solutions, the government proved unwilling to grapple with the magnitude of the problem it faced and challenge the logic of confinement, which deprived people of their autonomy, including the right to procure their own food. -
Racial Motivations for French Collaboration During The
Clemson University TigerPrints All Theses Theses 5-2008 Racial Motivations for French Collaboration during the Second World War: Uncovering the Memory through Film and Memoirs Daniela Greene Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Greene, Daniela, "Racial Motivations for French Collaboration during the Second World War: Uncovering the Memory through Film and Memoirs" (2008). All Theses. 383. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/383 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RACIAL MOTIVATIONS FOR FRENCH COLLABORATION DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR: UNCOVERING THE MEMORY THROUGH FILM AND MEMOIRS _________________________________________ A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University _________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts History _________________________________________ by Daniela Greene August 2008 _________________________________________ Accepted by: Dr. Alan Grubb, Committee Chair Dr. Roger Grant Dr. Donald McKale Abstract After France was defeated by the Germans in June 1940, several politicians of the Third Republic formed a new government under Marshal Philippe Pétain in Vichy. The men in the new regime immediately began to make social and political changes which, in their mind, were long overdue. They believed that they could negotiate with the occupation officials in the North and maintain France‟s sovereignty, at least in the “free” Southern zone. They also believed, as did a large part of the French people, that the inadequacies of the republican system had lost France the war. -
Justice / Portail / Justice De L'épuration À La Fin De La Seconde Guerre
« Il nous est resté la haine. Il nous en est resté ce mouvement qui l'autre jour, à Dijon, jetait un enfant de quatorze ans sur un collaborateur lynché pour lui crever le visage. Il nous en est resté cette fureur qui nous brûle l'âme au souvenir de certaines des images et de certains visages. A la haine des bourreaux a répondu la haine des victimes... Eh bien, c'est de cela que nous devons triompher d'abord. Il faut guérir ces cœurs empoisonnés. Et demain la plus difficile victoire que nous ayons à remporter, c'est en nous même qu'elle doit se livrer, avec cet effort supérieur qui transformera notre appétit de haine en désir de justice. » Albert Camus, « Défense de l'intelligence », 15 mars 1945. A l'occasion de la publication de l'ouvrage "La Justice de l'épuration. A la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale", aux éditions de la Documentation Française- Collection Histoire de la Justice- N°18 Présentation du texte introductif de l'ouvrage. Par Denis Salas, Secrétaire général de l'Association Française pour l'Histoire de la Justice. La transition démocratique française aprés la Seconde Guerre Mondiale Un halo de vio lence s'attache à la pério de de l'épuratio n. Le mo t et la situatio n histo rique laissent, dès 1945, un sentiment de malaise et d'échec. On évoque pêle-mêle les exécutio ns so mmaires, les pro cès iniques, les lynchages co nduits par des co rtèges haineux, les tontes de femmes entourées par une populace en délire.