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Emilio Bianchi” Launched
THE TENTH MULTIPURPOSE FRIGATE “EMILIO BIANCHI” LAUNCHED It is the last unit of the Italo-French FREMM program Trieste, January 25, 2020 – The launching ceremony of the “Emilio Bianchi” frigate, the tenth and last FREMM vessel – Multi Mission European Frigates, took place today at the integrated shipyard of Riva Trigoso (Genoa) in the presence of the Italian Minister of Defence, Lorenzo Guerini. The 10 vessels have been commissioned to Fincantieri by the Italian Navy within the framework of an Italo-French cooperation program under the coordination of OCCAR (Organisation Conjointe de Cooperation sur l’Armement, the international organization for cooperation on arms). Godmother of the ceremony was Mrs. Maria Elisabetta Bianchi, first daughter of Emilio Bianchi, Golden Medal for Military Value. For Fincantieri the President Giampiero Massolo welcome, on behalf of the Chief of Defence, General Enzo Vecciarelli, the Chief of Staff of the Italian Navy, Admiral Giuseppe Cavo Dragone, the Governor of the Liguria Region Giovanni Toti, in addition to a number of authorities. After the launching, fitting activities will continue in the integrated naval shipyard of Muggiano (La Spezia), with delivery scheduled in 2021. The “Emilio Bianchi” vessel, like the other units, will feature a high degree of flexibility, capable of operating in all tactical situations. 144 metres long with a beam of 19.7 metres, the ship will have a displacement at full load of approximately 6,700 tonnes. The vessel will have a maximum speed of over 27 knots and will have a maximum accommodation capacity for a 200-person crew. The FREMM program, representing the European and Italian defence state of the art, stems from the renewal need of the Italian Navy line “Lupo” (already removed) and “Maestrale” (some of them already decommissioned, the remaining close to the attainment of operational limit) class frigates, both built by Fincantieri in the 1970s. -
World War II at Sea This Page Intentionally Left Blank World War II at Sea
World War II at Sea This page intentionally left blank World War II at Sea AN ENCYCLOPEDIA Volume I: A–K Dr. Spencer C. Tucker Editor Dr. Paul G. Pierpaoli Jr. Associate Editor Dr. Eric W. Osborne Assistant Editor Vincent P. O’Hara Assistant Editor Copyright 2012 by ABC-CLIO, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data World War II at sea : an encyclopedia / Spencer C. Tucker. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-59884-457-3 (hardcopy : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-59884-458-0 (ebook) 1. World War, 1939–1945—Naval operations— Encyclopedias. I. Tucker, Spencer, 1937– II. Title: World War Two at sea. D770.W66 2011 940.54'503—dc23 2011042142 ISBN: 978-1-59884-457-3 EISBN: 978-1-59884-458-0 15 14 13 12 11 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. Visit www.abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America To Malcolm “Kip” Muir Jr., scholar, gifted teacher, and friend. This page intentionally left blank Contents About the Editor ix Editorial Advisory Board xi List of Entries xiii Preface xxiii Overview xxv Entries A–Z 1 Chronology of Principal Events of World War II at Sea 823 Glossary of World War II Naval Terms 831 Bibliography 839 List of Editors and Contributors 865 Categorical Index 877 Index 889 vii This page intentionally left blank About the Editor Spencer C. -
Victory! Victory Over Japan Day Is the Day on Which Japan Surrendered in World War II, in Effect Ending the War
AugustAAuugugusstt 201622001166 BRINGING HISTORY TO LIFE See pages 24-26! Victory! Victory over Japan Day is the day on which Japan surrendered in World War II, in effect ending the war. The term has been applied to both of the days on which the initial announcement of Japan’s surrender was made – to the afternoon of August 15, 1945, in Japan, and, because of time zone differences, to August 14, 1945. AmericanAmerican servicemenservicemen andand womenwomen gathergather inin frontfront ofof “Rainbow“Rainbow Corner”Corner” RedRed CrossCross clubclub inin ParisParis toto celebratecelebrate thethe unconditionalunconditional surrendersurrender ofof thethe Japanese.Japanese. 1515 AugustAugust 19451945 Over 200 NEW & RESTOCK Items Inside These Pages! • PLASTICPPLAASSSTTIIC MODELM KITS • MODEL ACCESSORIES • BOOKS & MAGAZINES • PAINTS & TOOLS • GIFTS & COLLECTIBLES See back cover for full details. Order Today at WWW.SQUADRON.COM or call 1-877-414-0434 August Cover Version 1.indd 1 7/7/2016 1:02:36 PM Dear Friends One of the most important model shows this year is taking place in Columbia, South Carolina in August…The IPMS Nationals. SQUADRON As always, the team from Squadron will be there to meet you. We look forward to this event because it gives us a chance to PRODUCTS talk to you all in person. It is the perfect time to hear any sugges- tions you might have so we can serve you even better. If you are at the Nationals, please stop by our booth to say hello. We can’t wait to meet you and hear all about your hobby experi- ences. On top of that, you’ll receive a Squadron shopping bag NEW with goodies! Our booth number is 819. -
A Szent István Dreadnought Éves Előfizetési Díj 3120 Ft
A múlt, a jelen és a jövő fegyverei HHADITECHNIKAADITECHNIKA 2018/3 LII. évfolyam 3. szám Ára 520 Ft A Szent István dreadnought Éves előfizetési díj 3120 Ft 9 770230 6891081 8 0 0 3 Tartalom A HONVÉDELMI MINISZTÉRIUM FÓKUSZBAN TANULMÁNYOK MŰSZAKI-TUDOMÁNYOS ÉS ISMERETTERJESZTŐ Dr. Mujzer Péter: Az 1. lovas-, Ocskay István: Kísérleti FOLYÓIRATA a későbbi huszárhadosztály lövészet T–54-es páncélosalakulatai a keleti harckocsikra 1989-ben, a „0” 2018/3. szám. fronton, 1944-ben 2 ponti gyakorlótéren I. rész 5 LII. évfolyam A szerkesztőbizottság elnöke: Szabó István altábornagy Honvéd Vezérkar főnök koordinációs helyettes (HVK) NEMZETKÖZI HADITECHNIKAI SZEMLE Elnökhelyettes: Baráth István ddtbk. Kelecsényi István: Az F–35 c. egyetemi docens (MH LK pk.) Lightning II-es harcirepülő- A szerkesztőbizottság tagjai: gép-család II. rész 14 Amaczi Viktor ny. mk. alez. (HT) Végvári Zsolt: A harckocsik Dr. Balajti István (NATO) Sárhidai Gyula: Az új hadászati védelmének fejlődése Benkó Imre (HM Currus Zrt.) kategóriájú Soar Dragon kínai a páncélelhárítás fejlődésének Dr. Both Előd csillagász Dr. Gáspár Tibor nyá. mk. vörgy. (MKLE) robotrepülőgép 12 tükrében és az aktív védelmi Gecse János ezds. (MH LK) rendszerek (APS) Dr. Germuska Pál (MNL) megjelenése I. rész 20 Dr. habil. Gyarmati József mk. alez. (NKE) Brányi Bence: A BEAR katonai Dr. Gyulai Gábor nyá mk. ezds. (NKE KMDI) mentőrobot-fejlesztési Prof. Dr. Ványa László mk. ezds. (NKE) Prof. Dr. Haig Zsolt mk. ezds. (NKE) program 25 Prof. Dr. Halász László mk. ezds. (NKE) Kaposvári László Zoltán ddtbk. (HVK LCsF csf.) Prof. Dr. Kende György mk. ezds. (NKE) Prof. Dr. Kiss Péter (SzIE) ŰRTECHNIKA Dr. Koller József ddtbk. -
M123 5-Ton Truck with M113 Hull Middleton
Issue Period Nationality Text Plan Scale Subject Author 39.4 M US Y 'Alabama Slammer' M123 5-ton truck with M113 hull Middleton 31.6 M Israeli Y Y 48 'Sandwich truck' on CMP chassis Sadler 28.5 M Russian Y 'Swamp Tank' Obiekt 279 Fleming 22.3 WW2 US Y 76 0.5 ton public address van Clarke 42.2 WW2 Canadian Y 1 Canadian Centaur Battery RCA Middleton 27.2 Y 1/72 kits suitable for 1/76 models Burrows 35.1 Y 1/87 scale models resource list part 1 Ellis 35.2 Y 1/87 scale models resource list part 2 Ellis 35.3 Y 1/87 scale models resource list part 3 Ellis 35.4 Y 1/87 scale models resource list part 4 Ellis 34.3 WW2 German Y Y 38 10.5cm FH 18/3 auf Gefechtswagen 39 (f) Baumann/Dijkhuis 32.6 WW2 German Y Y 76 10.5cm Fh 18/3 auf GW39(H) (f) Baumann/Dijkhuis 3.3 WW2 German Y Y 76 10.5cm LeFh 18 Auld 7.6 WW2 German Y Y 76 10.5cm LeFh 18 Dooley 14.3 WW2 German Y Y 76 10.5cm LeFh 18 auf Char B2 (f) Rue 14.4 WW2 German Y Y 76 10.5cm LeFh 18/1 (Sf) auf GWIVb Sdkfz165/1 Rue 16.3 WW2 German Y Y 76 10.5cm LeFh18 auf CW Lorraine Schlepper F Rue 40.1 WW1 German Y Y 76 10.5cm lFH 98/09 Dijkhuis 40.1 WW1 German Y Y 76 10.5cm M14 1FH Skoda Dijkhuis 23.4 WW2 German Y Y 72 10.5cm Mittlerer Einheitswaffentrager auf Pzkpfw 38(t) Crutchley 53.3 1917-45 USSR Y . -
ASTROMODEL S.A.S
ASTROMODEL S.a.s Via Del Campasso 16 - 16151 GENOVA - ITALY Tel +39 010 24.64.555 - Fax +39 010 25.64.77 www.astromodel.it - e-mail: [email protected] LISTINO PREZZI suggerito AL PUBBLICO IN € RETAIL suggested PRICE LIST IN € APRILE-APRIL 2017 updated to 13-04-2017 CATALOGHI - CATALOGUES PRICE AFV and Hobbyfan 2016 Catalogue *0 Hobby Boss 2016 catalogue *3,50 TAURO MODEL Catalogue *13,50 Lifecolor catalogue *0,50 ADAM WILDER ART-ITEM GUIDE IN DVD PRICE DVD GUIDE HDF 01D5P-IT Dealing with photoetch 16,50 Dealing with photoetch HDF 01D5P-EN Dealing with photoetch 16,50 Dealing with photoetch HDF 01D5P-DE Dealing with photoetch 16,50 Dealing with photoetch HDF 01D5P-fr.sp Dealing with photoetch 16,50 Dealing with photoetch ATTREZZI TOOLS AW APT01 Takk masticone 2,80 Takk AW TS01 Tamponi per carteggiare 3,90 Sanders AW TS02 Tamponi per carteggiare 2,50 Sanders AW TT01 Presselle 13,60 Tweezers AW TT02 Presselle 13,60 Tweezers AW TT03 Presselle 13,60 Tweezers AW TT04 Presselle 13,60 Tweezers AW TT05 Presselle 13,60 Tweezers TRASFERIBILI A SECCO DRY TRANSFERS (DECALS) AW DT01 WWII Croci tedesche per veicoli. Variant 1. 15,00 WWII German crosses for vehicles. Variant 1. AW DT02 WWII Numeri tedeschi per veicoli. Variant 1. -neri- 15,00 WWII German numbers for vehicles. Variant 1. -Black- AW DT03 WWII Segni di fabbricazione tedeschi. Variant 1. 13,10 WWII German factory markings for vehicles. Variant 1. AW DT04 WWII Numeri tedeschi per veicoli. Variant 1. -bianchi 15,00 WWII German numbers for vehicles. -
Haditechnika 2016 1 Tartalom Internetre.Indd
A múlt, a jelen és a jövő fegyverei HADITECHNIKA 2016/1 L. évfolyam 1. szám Ára 520 Ft A Toldi könnyűharckocsi Éves előfizetési díj 3120 Ft 9 770230 689108 1 6 0 0 1 Haditechnika borito 2016_1_régi tipusú.indd B1 2016.01.21. 19:21:48 Tartalom A Haditechnika folyóirat 2016. évi 1. számának tartalomjegyzéke és összefoglalói TANULMÁNYOK Dr. Mujzer Péter: A magyar páncélosfegyvernem kezdetei 3. o. 1924-ben megalakult a rendőrség újonciskolája (RUISK), amelybe egy páncélautó alosztály, majd 1928-tól páncéljárműves osztály is tartozott. 1930-ban 6 db LK–II harckocsit állítottak rendszerbe, majd 5 darab FIAT 3000 B típusjelű kis harckocsi is beszerzésre került. A magyar honvédség első, nyílt gépesített alakulata a Honvéd Gépkocsizó Csoport volt 1932-ben. 1936 márciusáig összesen 151 db Ansaldo CV–35 könnyűharckocsi érkezett be Magyarországra. Ezeket Hajmáskéren és Örkénytáborban vonták össze. A gépkocsizó csoport és a RUISK páncéljárműves osztályának irányításával egy-egy egységet hoztak létre. Kulcsszavak: páncélos fegyvernem, Magyar Királyi Honvédség, Ansaldo harckocsi In 1924, there was established the Recruit Shool of the Police (RUISK – rendőrség újonciskolája) comprising an armoured car sub-department and then from 1928 an armoured vehicle department too. In 1930, 6 pieces of LK-II tank entered into service, and then 5 FIAT 3000 B small tanks also were purchased. The Honvéd Motorized Group established in 1932 was the first unconcealed mechanized formation of the Hungarian Defence Forces. Up to March of 1936, 151 pieces of Ansaldo CV-35 light tank arrived in Hungary. They were concentrated at Hajmáskér and Örkénytábor. By direction of the motorized group and the armoured vehicle department two units were established. -
Battle of Cape Matapan HMS AJAX and the Battle of Cape Matapan
Battle of Cape Matapan HMS AJAX and the Battle of Cape Matapan: 28th – 29th March 1941 By Clive Sharplin (Associate Member) The sea fight of the Second World War known as the “Battle of Matapan” was actually the second of that name to occur in naval history. The first occurred on 19th July 1717 when a mixed force of fifty-seven ships and galleys, Spanish, Portuguese, Venetian and Papal were attacked off Cape Matapan by a Turkish squadron of about the same size. After a fierce fight with losses on both sides the Turks withdrew. The ship HMS Ajax was a Leander Class light cruiser, the seventh ship to bear the name, relatively young having been launched in 1934, first commissioned in 1935. Displacing 9,563tons fully laden, her main armament consisted of 8 x 6”guns mounted in pairs over four turrets with 8 x 21 “ torpedo tubes in two quadruple mountings, steam turbine driven, with a wartime crew of 680. After participating in the first major sea battle of the second World War, the Battle of the River Plate in December 1939 and defeating the German battleship Admiral Graf Spee she returned to Chatham Dockyard for a 7 month long repair and refit during which my Father, Bob, joined her on 10th February 1940 as a Petty Officer Mechanician, he was to be a crew member for more` than a year until September 1941 when he was drafted to the battleship Valiant, thus enduring one of the Royal Navy’s most hostile periods. Ajax emerged back into the fleet on September 30th 1940 being deployed to the 7th Cruiser Squadron in the Mediterranean. -
Katonai Logisztika
Bimbó István1 – Rusai-Endrész Aranka2 A KÉZI PÁNCÉLELHÁRÍTÓ FEGYVEREK FEJLŐDÉSE A II. VILÁGHÁBORÚ ALATT, KÜLÖNÖS TEKINTETTEL A PÁNCÉLTÖRŐ PUSKÁKRA Absztrakt A páncélos hadviselés túlsúlyával jellemezhető II. világháború során a gyalogság harcászati képességeinek sarkalatos pontja volt a pán- célosok elleni harcképesség. A tanulmány ennek eszközei közül a legrészletesebben a II. világháború páncéltörő puskáinak fejlődését mutatja be, feltárva ezzel napjaink korszerű romboló- és mesterlö- vész puskáinak fejlődéstörténeti előzményeit. A hadiipari és a hadi- technikai kutatás-fejlesztési potenciálok rendelkezésre állásának függvényében az 1942 után egyre inkább elavulttá váló páncéltörő puskákat a hadviselő államok többsége kézi páncéltörő rakétákkal váltotta fel. A nagy teljesítményű páncéltörő puskák ekkortól – napja- ink rombolópuskáihoz hasonlóan – megerődített fedezékek, gyengén páncélozott és páncélozatlan járművek, illetve egyéb nagy távolságú célok ellen kerültek alkalmazásra. Kulcsszavak: páncéltörő puska, hadiipar, haditechnikai kutatás- fejlesztés, páncélelhárítás eszközei Bevezetés Napjainkban a növelt teljesítményű 12,7-14,5 mm közötti romboló- puskák és mesterlövészpuskák alkalmazása elsősorban a mesterlö- vészi feladatoknál a nagy távolságban (800-1200 m) jelent előnyt a nagyobb lövedék torkolati energiából fakadó jelentős lőtávolság miatt. Egy .50-es kaliberű (angol nyelvterületen használatos jelölés, a met- rikus jelölés szerint ez 12,7 mm-es kaliber – Szerk.) lövedék 750 m távolságon kb. 4000 J energiával rendelkezik, mely -
China at the Gates: a New Power Audit of Eu-China Relations
CHINA AT THE GATES: A NEW POWER AUDIT OF EU-CHINA RELATIONS François Godement & Abigaël Vasselier ABOUT ECFR The European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) is the first pan-European think-tank. Launched in October 2007, its objective is to conduct research and promote informed debate across Europe on the development of coherent, effective and values- based European foreign policy. ECFR has developed a strategy with three distinctive elements that define its activities: • A pan-European Council. ECFR has brought together a distinguished Council of over two hundred Members - politicians, decision makers, thinkers and business people from the EU’s member states and candidate countries - which meets once a year as a full body. Through geographical and thematic task forces, members provide ECFR staff with advice and feedback on policy ideas and help with ECFR’s activities within their own countries. The Council is chaired by Carl Bildt, Emma Bonino and Mabel van Oranje. • A physical presence in the main EU member states. ECFR, uniquely among European think-tanks, has offices in Berlin, London, Madrid, Paris, Rome, Sofia and Warsaw. Our offices are platforms for research, debate, advocacy and communications. • Developing contagious ideas that get people talking. ECFR has brought together a team of distinguished researchers and practitioners from all over Europe to carry out innovative research and policy development projects with a pan-European focus. ECFR produces original research; publishes policy reports; hosts private meetings, public debates, and “friends of ECFR” gatherings in EU capitals; and reaches out to strategic media outlets. ECFR is a registered charity funded by the Open Society Foundations and other generous foundations, individuals and corporate entities. -
ASTROMODEL S.A.S
ASTROMODEL S.a.s Via Del Campasso 16 - 16151 GENOVA - ITALY Tel +39 010 24.64.555 - Fax +39 010 25.64.77 www.astromodel.it - e-mail: [email protected] LISTINO PREZZI suggerito AL PUBBLICO IN € RETAIL suggested PRICE LIST IN € AGOSTO-AUGUST 2018 updated to 02-08-2018 CATALOGHI - CATALOGUES PRICE AFV and Hobbyfan 2016 Catalogue Hobby Boss 2018 catalogue *3,50 TAURO MODEL Catalogue Lifecolor catalogue *0,50 ADAM WILDER ART-ITEM GUIDE IN DVD PRICE DVD GUIDE HDF01D5P-IT Dealing with photoetch 16,50 Dealing with photoetch HDF01D5P-EN Dealing with photoetch 16,50 Dealing with photoetch HDF01D5P-DE Dealing with photoetch 16,50 Dealing with photoetch HDF01D5P-fr.sp Dealing with photoetch 16,50 Dealing with photoetch ATTREZZI TOOLS AWAPT01 Takk masticone 2,80 Takk AWTS01 Tamponi per carteggiare 3,90 Sanders AWTS02 Tamponi per carteggiare 2,50 Sanders AWTT01 Presselle 13,60 Tweezers AWTT02 Presselle 13,60 Tweezers AWTT03 Presselle 13,60 Tweezers AWTT04 Presselle 13,60 Tweezers AWTT05 Presselle 13,60 Tweezers TRASFERIBILI A SECCO DRY TRANSFERS (DECALS) AWDT01 WWII Croci tedesche per veicoli. Variant 1. 15,00 WWII German crosses for vehicles. Variant 1. AWDT02 WWII Numeri tedeschi per veicoli. Variant 1. -neri- 15,00 WWII German numbers for vehicles. Variant 1. -Black- AWDT03 WWII Segni di fabbricazione tedeschi. Variant 1. 13,10 WWII German factory markings for vehicles. Variant 1. AWDT04 WWII Numeri tedeschi per veicoli. Variant 1. -bianchi 15,00 WWII German numbers for vehicles. Variant 1. -White- AWDT05 WWII Numeri tedeschi per veicoli. Variant 1. -rossi- 15,00 WWII German numbers for vehicles. -
CHAPTER 8 GREECE N Discussing After the War the Decision to Send British Troops to Greece in Early 1941, Admiral Sir Andrew Cunn
CHAPTER 8 GREECE N discussing after the war the decision to send British troops to Greece I in early 1941, Admiral Sir Andrew Cunningham said that the nava l view at the time was that politically the decision was right, but it wa s doubted if the naval, military and air resources were equal to it . No doubt our opinions were somewhat influenced by the fact that we were i n possession of the Libyan coast as far west as Benghazi. From the Navy's point of view this facilitated the supply of Malta and the passage through the Sicilia n Narrows, and conditions would be better still if the advance were continued towards Tripolitania.l The decision aggravated the immediate problem of supply and transporta- tion by sea. Air Marshal Longmore, in his dispatch covering air operations from January to May 1941, instanced as a prominent feature the par t played by the occupation of territory in adding to or reducing the potentia l scale of air attack on ships at sea . As a result of the decision to go to the aid of Greece, the Navy could only view with some concern th e certainty of operations in the Aegean under air attack from the Dodecanes e Islands, and the possibility of losing the advantage conferred by possession of the Libyan coast . It was not, however, the British decision to aid Greece, but the German decision to aid Italy which was the main factor in shapin g immediate events and which, while British successes in Libya were a t their flood, seriously limited the power of the fleet in the central Mediter- ranean.