DOCSLIB.ORG

NEWSREEL New Skills for the Next Generation of Journalists ◊ Research Report ◊

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
NEWSREEL New Skills for the Next Generation of Journalists ◊ Research Report ◊ Tina Bettels-Schwabbauer, Nadia Leihs Gábor Polyák, Annamária Torbó Ana Pinto Martinho, Miguel Crespo Raluca Radu & FJSC team NEWSREEL New Skills for the Next Generation of Journalists ◊ Research Report ◊ NEWSREEL – NEW SKILLS FOR THE NEXT GENERATION OF JOURNALISTS ABOUT THE PROJECT Journalists have an essential role in the new media landscape as a pillar of credible and contextualized information. Being in competition with several alternative forms of news, non-professional or even deliberately manipulated news, professional jour- nalism should be empowered by new competencies and skills. Opportunities enabled by digital technologies, such as processing, analysing and visualising large amounts of data, as well as multi-sectoral and digital cross-border co-operations, open new fields of journalistic activities, and new ways to speak about public issues. However, this environment also entails technical and economic risks, and demands expertise in IT security, as well as the development of business models and strategies from journalists and media companies. Journalists face several ethical challenges that should be handled to meet their social responsibilities. Fake news and hate speech have become major issues in the public sphere, as have whistleblowing and activism. By improving skills of a new generation of European journalists, NEWSREEL will con- tribute to the strengthening of the common European democratic public sphere. It will do so by improving collaborative and cross-border journalism that is able to elaborate and make tangible the huge amount of available data, and which is based on a predict- able business strategy and a firm ethical foundation. The main goal of the project is developing e-learning materials connected to four fields: data journalism, new business models, collaborative journalism and ethical challenges. All educational materials pro- duced by the project will be made openly and freely accessible through open licenses via the project’s website. Contact Annamária Torbó +36 72 501 561 [email protected] http://newsreel.pte.hu NEWSREEL – NEW SKILLS FOR THE NEXT GENERATION OF JOURNALISTS Project Partners: Erich Brost Institute for International Journalism (EBI), TU Dortmund, Germany University of Pécs (PTE), Institute for Communication and Media Studies, Hungary ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL), Portugal University of Bucharest (UB), Faculty of Journalism and Communication Studies (FJSC), Romania Disclaimer Responsible according to press law: Prof Dr Susanne Fengler Language editing: Derettens OÜ; derettens-english-language-editing.com Layout: Christiane Reinert Title photo: Judith Wiesrecker The following authors contributed to this report: Tina Bettels-Schwabbauer, Nadia Leihs, Susanne Fengler (EBI), Gábor Polyák, Annamária Torbó, Éva Varga (PTE), Ana Pinto Martinho, Miguel Crespo, Gustavo Cardoso (ISCTE-IUL), Raluca Radu, Antonia Matei, Anamaria Nicola, Marian Popovici, Manuela Preoteasa, Emilia Șercan, Oscar Stănciulescu (FJSC/UB). NEWSREEL – NEW SKILLS FOR THE NEXT GENERATION OF JOURNALISTS TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................................. 06 STATUS QUO ....................................................................... 08 NATIONAL CONTEXTS ..................................................... 08 Romania ............................................................................... 08 Hungary .............................................................................. 11 Germany ............................................................................. 13 Portugal ............................................................................... 15 DATA JOURNALISM .......................................................... 16 Romania .............................................................................. 19 Hungary .............................................................................. 20 Germany ............................................................................. 21 Portugal ............................................................................... 21 COLLABORATIVE JOURNALISM .................................... 22 Romania ............................................................................... 24 Hungary ............................................................................... 24 Germany ............................................................................. 25 Portugal ............................................................................... 26 INNOVATIVE BUSINESS MODELS .................................. 26 Romania .............................................................................. 29 Hungary .............................................................................. 31 Germany ............................................................................. 31 Portugal ............................................................................... 32 ETHICAL CHALLENGES ..................................................... 33 Romania .............................................................................. 36 Hungary .............................................................................. 37 Germany ............................................................................. 38 Portugal ............................................................................... 38 4 NEWSREEL – NEW SKILLS FOR THE NEXT GENERATION OF JOURNALISTS TABLE OF CONTENTS RESEARCH RESULTS ......................................................... 39 General information on the curricula under study ...................... 40 Romania .............................................................................. 44 Competences for future journalists ...................................... 44 Analysis of selected curricula .............................................. 46 Innovation in journalism education and the media ................. 49 Hungary .............................................................................. 53 Competences for future journalists ...................................... 53 Analysis of selected curricula .............................................. 55 Innovation in journalism education and the media ................. 59 Germany ............................................................................. 66 Competences for future journalists ...................................... 66 Analysis of selected curricula .............................................. 68 Innovation in journalism education and the media ................. 74 Portugal ............................................................................... 80 Competences for future journalists ...................................... 80 Analysis of selected curricula .............................................. 82 Innovation in journalism education and the media ................. 86 LESSONS LEARNED, INSIGHTS GAINED ..................... 90 INTERVIEW PARTNERS ....................................................93 MEDIA VENTURES AND ORGANISATIONS ...................96 LITERATURE ......................................................................100 5 NEWSREEL – NEW SKILLS FOR THE NEXT GENERATION OF JOURNALISTS INTRODUCTION The journalism profession has, in the last few decades, changed radically because digitalization required journalists to gain new knowledge and skills. Journalism will continue to be exposed to innovation, there will be no resting phases, and they will have to readjust constantly. Thus, the education of journalists will have to continually make progress and adapt to the new de- velopments in the media industry. In recent years, journalism educators have been particularly challenged by the growing importance of technical competences, including data journalism, as well as new media business concepts. Splendore et al. (2016, 147) consider that “current de- velopments in data journalism prompt an increasing need among journalists – and their teach- ers – for new knowledge and skills”. Gillmor (2016, 816) states that it “is vital for journalists to know how to communicate with programmers”. He also stresses the importance of teaching students to understand media business concepts, as “today’s students will be among the people who develop tomorrow’s journalism business models” (Gillmor 2016, 816). The need of new skills is also reflected in the demands of journalism students: For example, a survey of 227 German future journalists1 showed that journalism education and training in Germany could be improved, particularly regarding technical and entrepreneurial competences (Gossel 2015). Similarly, a study of journalism students’ satisfaction from Romania indicates that students want more vocational courses, related to the current developments in the field, and want to work more with technical equipment (Ionescu 2016, 132). Against this back- ground, this report was set up to gain insight into the status quo of innovation in journalism and academic journalism education in four European countries with a focus on data journalism, collaborative journalism, innovative business models and ethical challenges of the digital pub- lic sphere. The project team consists of journalism and media scholars from the University of Pécs (Hungary), the Erich Brost Institute for International Journalism (Germany), the ISCTE – University Institute of Lisbon (Portugal) and the University of Bucharest (Romania). Interviews with 25 journalism educators and 21 leading journalists working in at least
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Investigative Mission By
    FACT-FINDING MISSION BY THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AD HOC DELEGATION TO VOÏVODINA AND BELGRADE (29-31 JANUARY 2005) REPORT Brussels, 2 March 2005 DV\559830EN.doc PE 350.475 EN EN CONTENTS Page I.INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 3 II.THE EVENTS......................................................................................................... 5 III.CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................... 11 ANNEXES ................................................................................................................. 13 PE 350.475 2/20 DV\559830EN.doc EN I. INTRODUCTION Voïvodina, a region in Northern Serbia, is the southern part of the Pannonian plane, bordering with Croatia on the west, Romania on the east and Hungary to the north. The surface area is 21,506 km2, almost as large as Slovenia, with two million inhabitants of some twenty different nationalities. At the end of the IXth century, the Hungarians colonised Voïvodina, which became part of the Kingdom of Hungary and stayed so until the Turkish occupation in 1529. When the latter ended at the turn of the XVII-XVIIIth centuries, Voïvodina was part of the Kingdom of Hungary until 1918. The region's inter-ethnic complexity is rooted in the XVIIIth century Habsburg policy of repopulation, which brought in people from the various nationalities that made up their empire at the time: Serbians fleeing Ottoman rule, Croatians, Hungarians, Germans, Slovaks, Ruthenes, etc. The events of 1848-49 had repercussions in Voïvodina, which was transformed into a region enjoying a modicum of autonomy, with the Emperor François-Joseph bearing the title Voïvode. It was then joined to Hungary in 1860, and then the Austro-Hungarian empire in 1867. Within the Compromise of 1867, Austria and Hungary undertook to treat all the various nationalities on an equal basis, and recognised the equality of all the empire's languages in schools, the administration and public life.
    [Show full text]
  • Serbia 2Nd Periodical Report
    Strasbourg, 23 September 2010 MIN-LANG/PR (2010) 7 EUROPEAN CHARTER FOR REGIONAL OR MINORITY LANGUAGES Second periodical report presented to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe in accordance with Article 15 of the Charter SERBIA The Republic of Serbia The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages The Second Periodical Report Submitted to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe Pursuant to Article 15 of the Charter Belgrade, September 2010 2 C O N T E N T S 1. INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………6 2. Part I …………………………………………………………………………………12 2.1. Legislative and institutional changes after the first cycle of monitoring of the implementation of the Charter …………………………………………………….12 2.1.1. Legislative changes ……………………………………………………….12 2.1.2. The National Strategy for the Improvement of the Status of Roma ……..17 2.1.3. Judicial Reform …………………………………………………………...17 2.1.4. Establishment of the Ministry of Human and Minority Rights …………..23 2.2. Novelties expected during the next monitoring cycle of the implementation of the Charter …………………………………………………………………………….24 2.2.1. The Census ………………………………………………………………..24 2.2.2. Election of the national councils of the national minorities ……………...26 2.3. Implementation of the recommendations of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe (RecChL(2009)2) 28) …………………………………………29 2.4. Activities for the implementation of the box-recommendation of the Committee of Experts with regard to the implementation of the Charter ………………………...33 3. PART II Implementation of Article 7 of the Charter ……………………………..38 3.1. Information on the policy, legislation and practice in the implementation of Part II - Article 7 of the Charter ……………………………………………………………..38 3.1.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Informisanje Na Jezicima Nacionalnih Manjina – Na Sporednom Koloseku Novi Sad, Decembar 2017
    2 Prilog javnim konsultacijama | 1 Informisanje na jezicima nacionalnih manjina – na sporednom koloseku Novi Sad, decembar 2017. godine Nezavisno društvo novinara Vojvodine Za izdavača: Nedim Sejdinović, Urednica: Žužana Serenčeš, Tehnički urednik: Duško Medić, Lektura i korektura: Branka Dragović Savić Publikacija je objavljena u okviru projekta “Informing on the languages of national minorities – the right and responsibility”, koji je podržao Civil Right Defenders. Svi stavovi u publikaciji su autorski i ne odražavaju nužno stavove organizacije Civil Right Defenders. SADRŽAJ Prilog javnim konsultacijama o radnom tekstu Nacrta zakona o izmenama i dopunama Zakona o nacionalnim savetima nacionalnih manjina ................................................................5 Informisanje na jezicima nacionalnih manjina i usaglašavanje nove Strategije razvoja sistema javnog informisanja – ideje i težnje ...............19 Lista medija ustanova, preduzeća i fondacija čiji su osnivači saveti nacionalnih manjina ............27 Intervju sa Nedimom Sejdinovićem: Medijske slobode nisu problem, njih nema ..................31 Žužana Serenčeš PRILOG JAVNIM KONSULTACIJAMA O RADNOM TEKSTU NACRTA ZAKONA O IZMENAMA I DOPUNAMA ZAKONA O NACIONALNIM SAVETIMA NACIONALNIH MANJINA Žužana Serenčeš PRILOG JAVNIM KONSULTACIJAMA O RADNOM TEKSTU NACRTA ZAKONA O IZMENAMA I DOPUNAMA ZAKONA O NACIONALNIM SAVETIMA NACIONALNIH MANJINA čekivanja stručne javnosti, pre svega tačke zakonskih članova kojima se regulišu medijskih i novinarskih udruženja, ovlašćenja manjinskih
    [Show full text]
  • Rule of Law Programme South East Europe April 2020
    Konrad-Adenauer Stiftung e.V. Rule of Law Programme South East Europe April 2020 www.kas.de/rlpsee Rule of Law- South East Europe Press Review April 2020 Disclaimer: This Press Review is issued for general information purpose only and is based on open media sources and those available through subscription. Articles selected for this review are shortened from the original or are reproduced as originally published. Inclusion of articles in this Press Review does not imply accuracy of the content or endorsement by Konrad Adenauer Stiftung e.V. (KAS) or its regional programme “KAS Rule of Law Programme South East Europe” Content Regional ..................................................................................................................... 4 COVID-19 and Domestic Abuse: When Home is not the Safest Place ........................ 4 Some Balkan States Waging ‘Crusade’ Against Media, Report Warns ....................... 8 After the Pandemic: Perils and Promise for Western Balkans ................................ 11 Albania .................................................................................................................... 15 Albania’s Planned Jail Terms for Curfew Breakers Spark Protests ......................... 15 Law Committee Approves Criminal Code Changes ................................................... 16 President Decrees Changes in Criminal Code ............................................................ 17 Vetting between Provisional Decision of European Supreme Court and Venice 2020 .......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe
    Strasbourg, 22 May 2019 CommDH(2019)14 COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE DUNJA MIJATOVIĆ 1ST QUARTERLY ACTIVITY REPORT 2019 1 January to 31 March Presented to the Committee of Ministers and the Parliamentary Assembly CommDH(2019)14 This report contains a summary of the activities carried out by the Commissioner for Human Rights, Dunja Mijatović, between 1 January and 31 March 2019. 1. Visits and Missions Visit to Hungary The Commissioner carried out a visit to Hungary from 4 to 8 February, focusing on the human rights of asylum seekers and refugees, human rights defenders and civil society, independence of the judiciary and gender equality and women’s rights. During her visit, the Commissioner met with the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior, Sándor Pintér; the Minister of Justice, László Trócsányi; the Minister of State for International Affairs in the Ministry of Human Capacities, Orsolya Pacsay-Tomassich; and the Minister of State for EU Relations in the Prime Minister's Office, Judit Varga. She also met the President of the Curia, Péter Darák; the President of the Constitutional Court, Tamás Sulyok; the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights, László Székely; the President of the Equal Treatment Authority, Agnes Honecz; the Head of the Hungarian Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly Delegation, Zsolt Németh; and representatives of civil society. The Commissioner made field visits to the Hungarian Interchurch Aid shelter for women victims of violence in Budapest and the home for unaccompanied children in the Károly István Children’s Centre in Fót. The Commissioner expressed concern that very few asylum seekers are able to apply for international protection in Hungary and that applications are practically always rejected due to a new inadmissibility ground introduced in June 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Pursuant to Article 25, Paragraph 1 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
    ACFC/SR (2002) 003 REPORT SUBMITTED BY THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 25, PARAGRAPH 1 OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES (Received on 16 October 2002) FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA FEDERAL MINISTRY OF NATIONAL AND ETHNIC COMMUNITIES THE FIRST REPORT BY THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES Submitted pursuant to Article 25, paragraph 1, of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities Belgrade 2002 2 THE FIRST REPORT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA Submitted pursuant to Article 25, paragraph 1, of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities TABLE OF CONTENTS: PART I: INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................6 PART II: GENERAL INFORMATION............................................................................................….8 1. Basic historical facts.................................................................................…….8 2. Basic demographic facts....................................................................................9 3. Basic economic indices....................................................................................13 4. Status of International Law..............................................................................14 5. Basic problems.............................................................................................…15
    [Show full text]
  • Ringier Hungary
    D MOSPECIAL Ringier in 2012 An Eventful and Exciting Year Profi t & Loss Account Encouraging Figures Digital Media Major Investments Annual Report 2012 table of contents prolog 3 Prolog: Michael Ringier Ringier Digital, pages 18–21 4 Ringier in 2012 Marc Walder, CEO Ringier digital 6 Ringier at a Glance 8 Business Performance Annabella Bassler, CFO 11 Profi t & Loss Account 14 Ringier Publishing 18 Ringier Digital | 1919 The World in Annual Report 2012 Your Living Room 22 Ringier Entertainment Ringier now does a quarter of its business online. The computer screen is many people’s fi rst port of call for whatever takes their interest – as this advertisement by Ringier’s Autoscout 24 online marketplace jokingly illustrates. photoblog 2012 30 Ringier Eastern Europe Photoblog, pages 52–53 Mental Images What appeals to us most? The classical beauty on the pristine beach? Or the artist 36 Ringier Axel Springer Media Hans Erni, who is completely up to speed, despite living in a world without radio or TV, smartphone or internet? Is it the image depicting a space between two worlds, a mask with no mask? Or the girl with the racing bike? The best pictures are always the ones that originate in our heads, inspiring us to create images of our own. 42 Corporate Responsibility hilippe Parreno is the sixteenth artist to design the to our company over the last fi ve years than were made P Ringier Annual Report. Our earlier choices have al- during the preceding 175. When my great-great-grand- 44 Major Participations ready placed signifi cant demands on our readers’ good- father Franz Emil Ringier replaced his wooden manual will, including as they have Richard Price’s dubious jokes printing press with a Johannisberg cylinder press, or and Richard Phillips’ Nazi lettering and naked women, when my grandfather invested heavily in the new type of 54 About the Artist not to mention Maurizio Cattelan’s report printed on la- intaglio printing technology he had himself developed, vatory paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Tableau Unesco
    ASSESSMENT OF THE PRESS AND MEDIA COUNCILS IN SOUTH EAST EUROPE & TURKEY 2018 The Country tables were contributed by the self-regulatory bodies included in this report : Albanian Media Coun- cil, Press Council of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Press Council of Kosovo, Media Self-Regulation Council of Montene- gro, Council of Media Ethics of Macedonia, Press Council of Serbia and Press Council of Turkey. They were only slightly edited and formatted to ft in the report. They are appended in the alphabetical order by the name of the country to which they refer. ALBANIA Population : 3,057,220 (July 2018 est., according to CIA World Factbook)1 Name of organisation AMC - Albanian Media Council (KSHM) Type of regulation Voluntary self-regulation HISTORY, FUNDING AND STAFF Year founded 2015 (active since 2017) AMC is the third attempt to create a self-regulatory body in Albania, the previous 2 failed. It was created with the push of the Council of Europe, who supported the participation of 7 Albanian journalists at the conference of the Regional Regulatory Bodies of the Balkans. In 2015, these journalists came back with the idea of creating the AMC. Koloreto Cukali was elected Chairman. Brief history and signifcant In 2017, with the help of UNESCO they managed to get funding and started milestones operations, setting up an ofce and a Board of Ethics. in 2018 the website of AMC became operational, as well as a smartphone app. In 2018 AMC in cooperation with Media Institute completed an updated version of The Code of Ethics. By December 2018, AMC became the major actor fghting against a draft law that tends to control the online media putting them under the regulation of the Government.
    [Show full text]
  • Višnja Baćanović «FEMALE CANDIDATES» Monitoring the Presence of Female Candidates in the Media During the Pre-Election Camp
    Višnja Ba ćanovi ć «FEMALE CANDIDATES» Monitoring the presence of female candidates in the Media during the pre-election campaigns for the Local and Provincial Elections 2008. 1. Introduction Gender equity in politics i.e. the increase of number of female decision makers requires not only legal regulations and recommendations, but breaking of prejudices and promotion of female leaders as well. If female candidates want to be successful in elections and become decision makers first they should be listed on election lists. Moreover, they should become visible and well promoted during the pre-election campaigns. The manner in which female candidates are presented to the voters, issues they emphasize as important and political principles they advocate are all important for the public recognition and visibility of women in politics. Quantity and quality of females in politics are equally important. Quality of political contents, quality of performed activities, as well as the presentation of such activities is important for the braking of stereotypes and prejudices towards female politicians and for the promotion of females as quality politicians. Data obtained during this monitoring should answer the following: -whether the public services met the required standards regarding pre- election campaigns and the promotion of female candidates -whether the quota system is effective regarding the media representation of female politicians; the ratio of female candidates in the media (compared to male candidates) -who do the female candidates address in their campaigns and what is the message they are spreading A media monitoring means a systematic tracking of media production in order to receive an objective insight into the characteristics of the media content offered to the audience.
    [Show full text]
  • Nontechnical Summary Alibunar a Wind Project
    NonTechnical Summary of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of the Alibunar A Wind Project in the Alibunar Municipality, Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia View from Seleuš Future Views of Alibunar A and B Wind Projects View from Vladimirovac April 2015 NonTechnical Summary of Alibunar A Wind Project Table of Contents 1. Foreword ............................................................................................................................. 1 2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1 3. The Proposed Project.......................................................................................................... 2 4. Legal and Bank Requirements ............................................................................................ 4 5. Project Activities that Could Affect the Environment and People ..................................... 6 6. Potential Environmental and Social Effects and Required Mitigation ............................... 6 6.1 Air quality ................................................................................................................... 7 6.2 Soil .............................................................................................................................. 7 6.3 Water ......................................................................................................................... 7 6.4 Noise & vibration ......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • COMENTARIU La Legea Cu Privire La Libertatea De Exprimare
    COMENTARIU la Legea cu privire la libertatea de exprimare Vladislav GRIBINCEA, Anastasia PASCARI, Olivia PÎRŢAC Chişinău 2011 Comentariul a fost realizat cu sprijinul financiar al Civil Rights Defenders din Suedia. Acest suport nu prevede aprobarea de că- tre donator a conţinutului, prezentării grafice sau a modului de expunere a informaţiei şi opiniilor ce se conţin în publicaţie. 3 Cuprins CHESTIUNI GENERALE ..........................................................................................................4 Capitolul I. DISPOZIŢII GENERALE Articolul 1. Scopul şi sfera de aplicare a legii ..................................................................5 Articolul 2. Noţiuni principale ....................................................................................6 Articolul 3. Libertatea de exprimare .......................................................................... 11 Articolul 4. Libertatea de exprimare a mass-mediei ........................................................ 13 Articolul 5. Interzicerea cenzurii în mass-media ............................................................. 14 Articolul 6. Libertatea publicului de a fi informat ........................................................... 15 Articolul 7. Dreptul la respectul onoarei, demnităţii şi reputaţiei profesionale ........................ 15 Articolul 8. Imunitatea în cauzele cu privire la defăimare ................................................. 18 Articolul 9. Libertatea de a critica statul, autorităţile publice şi persoanele care exercită funcţii
    [Show full text]
  • Media Landscape of South East Europe 2002
    Media Landscape 2002 Media Landscape of South East Europe 2002 1 This book is published under the Media Landscape project, implemented by ACCESS-Sofia Foundation within the South East European Network for Professionalization of the Media (SEENPM) and funded by the FRESTA Programme of the Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The book presents the results of a survey conducted in 2003 by ACCESS-Sofia Foundation, Bulgaria, in eleven countries in South East Europe: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, and Slovenia. The methodology of the survey was developed by ACCESS-Sofia Foundation. The relevant survey instruments were also elaborated by ACCESS-Sofia, with the kind assistance of Poul Erik Nielsen, Aarhus University, Danish School of Journalism. The data for the survey were kindly provided by our partner organizations as follows: For Albania: by the Albanian Media Institute (AMI), Tirana (Ilda Londo and Mirela Shuteriqi for AMI; with contributions from Gent Ibrahimi, Director of the Institute of Public and Legal Studies). For Bulgaria: by ACCESS-Sofia Foundation, Sofia. For Bosnia and Herzegovina: by the Media Plan Institute, Sarajevo. For Croatia: by the International Center for Education of Journalists (ICEJ), Opatija (Igor Kanizaj for ICEJ). For Hungary: by the Center for Independent Journalism, Budapest. For Macedonia: by the Macedonian Institute for the Media, Skopje (with contributions from Vesna Sopar, Explanatory Part, items 1-11). For Moldova: by the Independent Journalism Center, Chisinau (Iulian Robu for the Independent Journalism Center). For Montenegro: by the Montenegro Media Institute, Podgorica (Aleksandar Pajevic for the Montenegro Media Institute). For Romania: by the Center for Independent Journalism, Bucharest.
    [Show full text]