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TROTA FARIO Salmo (Trutta) Trutta R.T.I ASSESSORATO ALL’AGRICOLTURA, CACCIA E PESCA Direzione Agroambiente, Programmazione e Gestione Ittica e Faunistico-Venatoria CARTA ITTICA REGIONALE AI SENSI DELLA DDR N. 188 DEL 23 ottobre 2018 PRESENTAZIONE SULLO STATO DEI POPOLAMENTI SALMONICOLI DEL VENETO Marzo 2020 AQUAPROGRAM srl BIOPROGRAMM soc. Coop. Dr. THOMAS BUSATTO Vicenza Padova - Treviso Venezia www.aquaprogram.it www.bioprogramm.it mandante mandante capogruppo mandataria I SALMONIDI IN ITALIA FAMIGLIA NOMENCLATURA AIIAD (V. CORRENTE) NOME COMUNE ORIGINE Salmonidae Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus, 1758) Coregone o Lavarello Alloctona Salmonidae Coregonus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) Bondella Alloctona Salmonidae Oncorhynchus kisatch (Walbaum, 1792) Salmone argentato Alloctona Salmonidae Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) Trota iridea Alloctona raramente acclimatata Salmonidae Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum in Artedi, 1792) Chinook Alloctona non acclimatata Salmonidae Salmo carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) Carpione del Garda Autoctona lago di Garda (endemica) Salmonidae Salmo cettii (Rafinesque, 1810) Trota mediterranea Autoctona Sicilia sud-orientale Salmonidae Salmo fibreni (Zerunian & Gandolfi, 1990) Carpione del Fibreno Autoctona lago Posta Fibreno (endemica) Salmonidae Salmo ghigii (Pomini, 1940) Trota mediterranea Autoctona Appennino e Alpi occidentali Salmonidae Salmo marmoratus (Cuvier, 1829) Trota marmorata Autoctona distretto P.V. (endemica) Salmonidae Salmo trutta (Linnaeus, 1758) Trota fario Alloctona Salmonidae Salmo salar (Linnaeus, 1758) Salmone atlantico Alloctona non acclimatata Salmonidae Salvelinus umbla (Linnaeus, 1758) Salmerino alpino Autoctona Salmonidae Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814) Salmerino di fontana Alloctona Salmonidae Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum, 1792) Salmerino di lago Alloctona non acclimatata Timallidae Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758) Temolo Alloctona Timallidae Thymallus aeliani (Valenciennes, 1848) Temolo italico Autoctona distretto P.V. R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. I SALMONIDI IN VENETO Sul territorio regionale sono attualmente presenti 10 specie salmonicole NOME COMUNE NOMENCLATURA AIIAD (V. CORRENTE) Coregone o Lavarello Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus, 1758) Trota iridea Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) Chinook* Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum in Artedi, 1792) Carpione del Garda Salmo carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) Trota marmorata Salmo marmoratus (Cuvier, 1829) Trota fario Salmo trutta (Linnaeus, 1758) Salmerino alpino Salvelinus umbla (Linnaeus, 1758) Salmerino di fontana Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814) Temolo Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758) Temolo italico Thymallus aeliani (Valenciennes 1848) specie autoctona specie alloctona * per Kottelat e Freyof (2007) la presenza in Europa è dubbia. Introdotta negli ultimi anni del 1800 nel lago d’Albano (Vinciguerra, 1896) e in Veneto (Pavesi, 1904) R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. LA CARTA ITTICA REGIONALE N° STAZIONI TOTALI: 401 N° STAZIONI IN ZONA A (SALMONICOLA): 206 N° SPECIE ITTICHE TOTALI IN ZONA A: 41 N° SPECIE SALMONICOLE: 6 trota marmorata, trota fario, trota iridea, temolo, salmerino alpino, salmerino di fontana + 1 coregone R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. Livrea con disegno marmoreggiato senza punti R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. % di presenza della 100 TROTA MARMORATA 90 trota marmorata sul 80 totale delle stazioni 70 in zona A Salmo (trutta) marmoratus (trutta) Salmo 60 50 28,4% 40 30 20 10 % Presenza 0 R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. TROTA MARMORATA Salmo (trutta) marmoratus (trutta) Salmo R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. IL FENOMENO DELL’IBRIDISMO Le massicce immissioni di trota fario operate ormai da decenni hanno comportato la formazione di un’alta percentuale di ibridazioni tra la trota fario e la marmorata, con la progressiva perdita della purezza genetica di quest’ultima. Gli esemplari ibridi presentano caratteristiche intermedie delle due forme parentali, con marmoreggiature discontinue, frammiste a punti neri o rossi, in una vastissima serie di combinazioni. Trota marmorata Ibrido (trota fario x trota marmorata) R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. TOTALE ESEMPLARI FENOTIPICAMENTE PURI: (60,7%) TOTALE ESEMPLARI IBRIDI: (39,3%) % di presenza della trota marmorata e ibrido (S. trutta x S. marmoratus) nelle stazioni sul fiume Piave Ibrido 39% T. marmorata 61% Livrea con numerose macchie nere e rosse, spesso contornate di chiaro. R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram–Busatto T. trutta TROTA FARIO % di presenza 100 della trota fario 90 sul totale delle Salmo (trutta) 80 stazioni66,4% in zona A 70 60 50 40 30 20 % Presenza 10 0 R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. trutta TROTA FARIO Salmo (trutta) R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. Periodo Provenienza Paese ospite Acclimatazione 1895 USA Italia si Fascia di colore rosa lungo i fianchi, fitta punteggiatura presente su dorso, fianchi e sulle pinne dorsali e caudale R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram–Busatto T. mykiss TROTA IRIDEA % di presenza della trota 100 Oncorhynchus 90 iridea sul totale delle 80 stazioni in zona A 70 60 50 40 30 9,6% 20 10 % Presenza 0 R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. mykiss TROTA IRIDEA Oncorhynchus R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. Grande pinna dorsale “a vela” Fine punteggiatura presente nella parte anteriore del corpo R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram–Busatto T. thymallus TEMOLO 100 % di presenza del 90 temolo sul totale delle Thymallus 80 stazioni in zona A 70 60 50 40 30 20 5,8% 10 % Presenza 0 R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. thymallus TEMOLO Thymallus R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. Pinne pettorali, ventrali ed anale con un’unica bordatura di colore bianco Dorso e fianchi con piccole macchie rotondeggianti biancastre o giallastre. In periodo riproduttivo il ventre dei maschi si colora di rosso-arancio e la mascella inferiore si allunga e si inclina verso l’alto, assumendo una forma uncinata R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram–Busatto T. alpinus Salvelinus SALMERINO ALPINO SALMERINO R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. Pinne pettorali, ventrali ed anale con doppia bordatura (nera e bianca) Periodo Provenienza Paese ospite Acclimatazione 1891 USA Italia si Fitta punteggiatura sui fianchi e marmoreggiatura sul dorso; le macchie sono in genere giallastre e rosso-violacee. R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram–Busatto T. FONTANA fontinalis DI % di presenza del 100 Salvelinus 90 salmerino di fontana sul 80 totale delle stazioni in 70 SALMERINO SALMERINO zona A 60 50 40 30 20 0,5% 10 % Presenza 0 R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. FONTANA fontinalis DI Salvelinus SALMERINO SALMERINO R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. Capo piccolo ed appuntito; bocca in posizione infero-mediana. Livrea argentea con riflessi verdi sul dorso R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram–Busatto T. Specie endemica del lago di Ginevra (estinta) e del lago Bourget. La popolazione presente nel lago Aiguebelette è stata probabilmente introdotta, anche se fonti di letteratura, risalenti al XVII secolo, segnalano la presenza di un pesce chiamato "lavaret" nel lago. Le popolazioni introdotte nei grandi laghi del nord Italia e in quelli dell’area Umbro - Laziale, sono probabilmente di origine ibrida, non esistono studi genetici o molecolari che le colleghino a C. lavaretus dei laghi Bourget e Aiguebelette. In ogni caso sono necessari ulteriori studi sulle popolazioni introdotte per definire in modo chiaro la reale estensione dell'area di distribuzione della specie. Periodo Provenienza Paese ospite Acclimatazione 1880 Svizzera Italia si R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram–Busatto T. NON PRESENTE IN ZONA A MA IN ZONA B (lago di Santa Croce) lavaretus Coregonus COREGONE O LAVARELLO COREGONE R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. lavaretus Coregonus COREGONE O LAVARELLO COREGONE R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. % di presenza sul totale delle stazioni in zona A 100 90 80 70 66,4 60 50 40 Presenza % Presenza 28,4 30 20 9,6 10 5,8 0,5 0,5 0 trota marmorata trota fario trota iridea temolo salmerino alpino salmerino di fontana R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. LA STIMA DEI DANNI ARRECATI AL PATRIMONIO ITTICO DALLA TEMPESTA “VAIA” IN PROVINCIA DI BELLUNO BACINO DI PESCA STIMA DEL DANNO TOTALE BACINO DI PESCA N. 1 “COMELICO-ALTO PIAVE” n.d. BACINO DI PESCA N. 2 “ANSIEI” € 46.032,26 BACINO DI PESCA N. 3 “VALLE DEL BOITE” € 78.810,15 BACINO DI PESCA N. 4 “CENTRO CADORE” € 143.503,51 BACINO DI PESCA N. 5 “AGORDINO” € 242.403,35 BACINO DI PESCA N. 6 “MAÈ-PIAVE” € 216.616,51 BACINO DI PESCA N. 7 “ALPAGO” € 7.850,00 BACINO DI PESCA N. 8 “PIAVE” € 169.412,14 BACINO DI PESCA N. 9 “LA MARMOLADA” n.d. BACINO DI PESCA N. 10 “ACQUE FELTRINE” n.d. BACINO DI PESCA N. 11 “CISMON-FIORELLO” € 14.400,00 BACINO DI PESCA N. 12 “LAGO DI CORLO” € 219.264,00 TOTALE € 1.138.291,92 R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram-Busatto T. TOTALE € 1.138.291,92 Marmorate 4-6 cm 0,50 € = circa 2.300.000 Temolo 6-9 cm 1 € = circa 1.200.000 Veneto Agricoltura ? Bolzano bellunese ? GRAZIE PER L’ATTENZIONE! R.T.I. Bioprogramm-Aquaprogram–Busatto T. .
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