00 SEAsians_ASEM.indd 10 9/18/14 10:52:23 AM ecollections Reproduced from Recollections: The Indonesian Economy, 1950s-1990s, edited by (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2003). This version was obtained electronically direct from the publisher on condition that copyright is not infringed. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the prior permission of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Individual articles are available at < http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg >

The Project is a major international centre of research and graduate training on the economy of Indonesia. Established in 1965 in the Division of Economics of the Australian National University’s Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, the Project is well known and respected in Indonesia and in other places where Indonesia attracts serious scholarly and official interest. Funded by ANU and the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID), it monitors and analyses recent economic developments in Indonesia; informs Australian governments, business, and the wider community about those developments, and about future prospects; stimulates research on the Indonesian economy; and publishes the respected Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies.

The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS) in Singapore was established as an autonomous organization in 1968. It is a regional research centre for scholars and other specialists concerned with modern Southeast Asia, particularly the many-faceted problems of stability and security, economic development, and political and social change. ISEAS is a major publisher and has issued over 1,000 books and journals on Southeast Asia. The Institute’s research programmes are the Regional Economic Studies (RES, including ASEAN and APEC), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS).

© 2003 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore ecollections The Indonesian Economy, 1950s –1990s

Edited by Thee Kian Wie

Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies The Australian National University Canberra

Institute of Southeast Asian Studies Singapore First published in Singapore in 2003 by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Pasir Panjang Singapore 119614 Internet e-mail: [email protected] World Wide Web: http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg Jointly published by ISEAS and The Indonesia Project Economics Division Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies The Australian National University Canberra, ACT Australia All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. © 2003 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore The responsibility for facts and opinions in this publication rests exclusively with the editors and contributors and their interpretations do not necessarily reflect the views or the policy of the Institute or its supporters.

ISEAS Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Recollections: the Indonesian economy, 1950s–1990s/editor, Thee Kian Wie. (Local history & memoirs; 12) 1. Indonesia—Economic conditions—1945– I. Thee, Kian Wie, 1935– II. Indonesian economy, 1950s–1990s III. Series: Local history and memoirs (Institute of Southeast Asian Studies); 12. DS501 I595L no. 12 2003

ISBN 981-230-174-7 (soft cover) ISBN 981-230-178-X (hard cover)

Photo credits: • The family of Mohammad Saubari for use of his photo. • Ms Hj. Aida H. Danukusuma for the photo of Teuku Mohamad Daud. •Dokumentasi KOMPAS for the photos of Abdoel Raoef Soehoed and Soedarpo Sastrosatomo. • TEMPO/Damhar Rahmad for the photo of Suhadi Mangkusuwondo; TEMPO/Gatot Sriwidodo for the photo of Sarbini Sumawinata; TEMPO/Bernard Chaniago for the photo of Mohammad Sadli; TEMPO/Robin Ong for the photo of ; TEMPO/Awaluddin R. for the photo of Subroto; TEMPO/Acin Yasin for the photo of Sjafruddin Prawiranegara; TEMPO/Rully Kesuma for the photo of .

Typeset by Superskill Graphics Pte Ltd Printed in Singapore by Seng Lee Press Pte Ltd

© 2003 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore To Professor Anne Booth, Editor of the Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies in the 1980s who designed and initiated the series of interviews

and

To the memory of Professor H.W. Arndt, brilliant scholar, wise guru and generous friend

© 2003 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore 00 SEAsians_ASEM.indd 10 9/18/14 10:52:23 AM