Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. Pydibhimavaram
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTED NIO/SP-13 /2019 (SSP-3235) Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram Sponsored by Aurobindo Pharma Ltd Pydibhimavarm January, 2019 सीएसआईआर – राष्ट्रीयसमुद्रविज्ञानसंस्थान CSIR-NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY (िैज्ञाननकतथाऔ饍योगिकअनुसंधानपररषद) (COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH) दोना पािला, िोिा भारत / DONA PAULA, GOA - 403004 India फ़ोन/Tel : 91(0)832-2450450/ 2450327 फै啍स /Fax: 91(0)832-2450602 इ-मेल/e-mail : [email protected] http:// www.nio.org All rights reserved. This report, or parts thereof may not be reproduced in any form without the prior written permission of the Director, NIO. Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTED Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram SPONSORED BY Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. Pydibhimavaram NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research) Regional Centre, Visakhapatnam – 530 017 January, 2019 All rights reserved. This report, or parts thereof may not be reproduced in any form without the prior written permission of the Director, NIO. Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram Foreword M/s Aurobindo Pharma Limited was commenced operations in 1988-89 with a single unit manufacturing Semi-Synthetic Penicillin (SSP) at Pondicherry. It became a public company in 1992 and listed its shares in the Indian stock exchange in 1995. In addition to being the market leader in Semi-Synthetic Penicillins, it has a presence in key therapeutic segments such as neurosciences, cardiovascular, anti-retrovirals, anti-diabetics, gastroenterology and cephalosporins, among others. Aurobindo Pharma Limited (APL) has set up a bulk drug manufacturing unit at Pydibhimavaram village, Ranasthalam Mandal, Srikakulam District of Andhra Pradesh during 2001 in order to meet its market and export demand. The Industry is discharging the treated effluent into the sea through a pipeline from the coast as a safe disposal for quick dispersion. The Industry has proposed expansion of the existing facility to meet the global demand. It is mandatory for a costal base industry to monitor the marine environment and bioassay tests for the treated effluent to study the effects. In this process the M/s Aurobindo Pharma Limited (APL) has approached CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Visakhapatnam for these studies to know the cumulative effects, if any, on the ecology, water quality and sediment quality due to the discharge of treated effluent into the marine environment. After examining the proposal, CSIR-NIO agreed to carry out the field study to generate one time site specific data on the oceanographic parameters including dispersion. CSIR-NIO has conducted a field campaign for in-situ observations and sample collection for chemical, biological and microbiological parameters and sediment characteristics at and around the marine outfall point (MOP) of the APL, off Phydibhimavaram, during 26 May - 6 June 2018. This report is the compilation of the data collected during the survey period. 1 Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram Contents 1. Introduction 11 1.1. Background 11 1.2. Objectives 12 1.3. Sample collection 13 1.4. Assessment 14 1.5. Approach Strategy 14 1.6. Studies Conducted 15 1.7. Sampling Locations 15 2. Project Description 22 2.1. Introduction 22 2.2. Production Details 24 2.2.1. Process Description 24 2.2.2. Water Requirement 26 2.3. Treated wastewater for rapid marine environmental impact assessment study 26 2.3.1. Details of wastewater treatment process 27 2.3.2. Stream wise treatment process details 28 2.3.2.1. Stream – I (High TDS and High COD Effluents) Treatment Process. 28 2.3.2.2. Stream-II (Low TDS and High COD Effluents) Treatment Process. 30 2.3.2.3. Stream-III (High TDS and Low COD Effluents) Treatment Process. 30 2.3.2.4. Stream-IV (Low TDS and Low COD Effluents) Treatment Process. 31 2.3.2.5. Stream –V (Domestic Wastewater) Treatment Process. 34 3. Study Area & Methodology 36 3.1. Climate and Meteorology 37 3.2. Morphology and Geology 38 2 Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram 3.3. Methodology 38 3.3.1 Chemical Parameters 38 3.3.1.1 pH 38 3.3.1.2 Dissolved oxygen (DO) 38 3.3.1.3 Biological oxygen demand (BOD) 39 3.3.1.4 Ammonium – N 39 3.3.1.5 Nitrite – N 39 3.3.1.6 Nitrate – N 40 3.3.1.7 Phosphate – P 40 3.3.1.8 Silicate – Si 40 3.3.1.9 Total Phosphorous 41 3.3.1.10 Total suspended matter (TSM) 41 3.3.1.11 Sediment organic carbon (SOC) 41 3.3.1.12 Chemical oxygen demand (COD) 41 3.3.2 Biological Characteristics 41 3.3.2.1 Phytoplankton 42 3.3.2.2 Zooplankton 42 3.3.2.3 Benthos 42 3.3.2.3.1 Meio-fauna 43 3.3.2.3.2 Macro fauna 43 3.3.3 Microbiological Parameters 43 3.3.3.1 Total viable count (TVC) 43 3.3.3.2 Total Coliform (TC) 44 3.3.3.3 Escherichia like organisms (ECLO) 44 3 Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram 4. Project Environment Domain 45 4.1. Water Quality and Sediment quality 45 4.2. Biological Characteristics 50 4.2.1. Chlorophyll-a 50 4.2.2. Phytoplankton 50 4.2.3. Zooplankton 50 4.2.4. Benthos 51 4.2.4.1. Macro and Meio-fauna 52 4.3. Microbiological parameters 60 4.4. Mangroves 61 5. Numerical Modelling 62 5.1. Near-field dilution 63 5.2. Far-field dilution 68 5.3. Hydrodynamic model 68 5.3.1. Basic governing equations 68 5.3.2. Continuity equation 68 5.3.3. Momentum equations 69 5.4. Model description 69 5.5. Model study for effluent dispersion 77 5.6. Modelling of water quality 78 6. Marine Environmental Impacts 96 6.1. Construction phase 96 6.1.1. Hydrodynamic characteristics 96 6.1.2. Water quality 96 6.1.3. Sediment quality 97 4 Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram 6.1.4. Flora and fauna 97 6.1.5. Miscellaneous 99 6.2. Operational phase 99 6.2.1. Water quality 99 6.2.2. Sediment quality 100 6.2.3. Flora and fauna 100 7. Mitigation Measures 101 7.1.1. Construction phase 101 7.1.2. Operational phase 102 8. Management Of Marine Environment 103 8.1.1. Baseline quality 103 8.1.1.1 Water Quality 104 8.1.1.2 Sediment Quality 104 8.1.1.3 Flora and Fauna 104 8.1.2. Post project monitoring 104 9. Project Benefits 106 10. Environmental Management Plan 107 10.1.1. Construction phase 107 10.1.2. Aquatic area management 107 10.1.3. Operation Phase 108 11. Disclosure of Consultants Engaged 109 12. Recommendations 110 5 Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram List of Figures Figure 1.1: Srikakulam District. Figure 1.2: Subtidal Sampling Stations Figure 1.3: Niskin Sampler and its operation for water sample collection Figure 1.4: Collection of water samples from Niskin Sampler Figure 1.5: Towing of zooplankton net and collection of sample for zooplankton Figure 1.6: Van Veen Grab Sampler Figure 1.7: Operation of Van Veen Grab sampler Figure 1.8: Collection of sediment sample Figure 1.9: Sediment sample Figure 2.1: Plant layout Figure 2.2: Multiple Effect Evaporator Figure 2.3: Agitated Thin Film Dryer Figure 2.4: Biological Effluent Treatment Plant Figure 2.5: Paddle Drier Figure 2.6: Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) Figure 3.1: Topography Map Figure 5.1: General layout of the study domain with outfalls (OF) Figure 5.2: Computational FEM grid for the study domain Figure 5.3: Interpolated depth contours for the study domain Figure 5.4: Comparison of observed and simulated tide Figure 5.5 (a): Observation points at and around OF-3 for NE-Monsoon Figure 5.5 (b): Observation points at and around OF-3 for SW-Monsoon Figure 5.5 (c): Observation points at and around OF-4 for NE-Monsoon Figure 5.5 (d): Observation points at and around OF-4 for SW-Monsoon 6 Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram Figure 5.6 (a): Boundary Tide for NE- Monsoon Figure 5.6 (b): Boundary Tide for SW- Monsoon Figure 5.7: Currents during NE-Monsoon Figure 5.8: Currents during SW-Monsoon Figure 5.9: Dispersion of Excess BOD after 15 days during NE-Monsoon for Option-1 Figure 5.10: Temporal Variation of Excess BOD at different Location (OF3) for NE- Monsoon Figure 5.11: Dispersion of Excess BOD after 15 days during SW-Monsoon for Option-1 Figure 5.12: Temporal Variation of Excess BOD at different Location (OF3) for SW- Monsoon Figure 5.13: Dispersion of Excess COD after 15 days during SW-Monsoon for Option-1 Figure 5.14: Temporal Variation of Excess COD at different Location (OF3) for SW- Monsoon Figure 5.15: Dispersion of Excess COD after 15 days during NE-Monsoon for Option-1 Figure 5.16: Temporal Variation of Excess COD at different Location (OF3) for NE- Monsoon Figure 5.17: Dispersion of Excess BOD after 15 days during NE-Monsoon for Option-2 Figure 5.18: Temporal Variation of Excess BOD at different Location (OF4) for NE- Monsoon Figure 5.19: Dispersion of Excess BOD after 15 days during SW-Monsoon for Option-2 Figure 5.20: Temporal Variation of Excess BOD at different Location (OF4) for SW- Monsoon Figure 5.21: Dispersion of Excess COD after 15 days during SW-Monsoon for Option-2 Figure 5.22: Temporal Variation of Excess COD at different Location (OF4) for SW- Monsoon Figure 5.23: Dispersion of Excess COD after 15 days during NE-Monsoon for Option-2 Figure 5.24: Temporal Variation of Excess COD at different Location (OF4) for NE- Monsoon 7 Rapid Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (RMEIA) studies off Pydibhimavaram List of Tables Table 1.1: Sampling locations off Pydibhimavaram.