District Survey Report - Srikakulam District
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DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND GEOLOGY Government of Andhra Pradesh DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT - SRIKAKULAM DISTRICT Prepared by ANDHRA PRADESH SPACE APPLICATIONS CENTRE (APSAC) ITE &C Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS APSAC wishes to place on record its sincere thanks to Sri. B.Sreedhar IAS, Secretary to Government (Mines) and the Director, Department of Mines and Geology, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh for entrusting the work for preparation of District Survey Reports of Andhra Pradesh. The team gratefully acknowledge the help of the Commissioner, Horticulture Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh and the Director, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Planning Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh for providing valuable statistical data and literature. The project team is also thankful to all the Joint Directors, Deputy Directors, Assistant Directors and the staff of Mines and Geology Department for their overall support and guidance during the execution of this work. Also sincere thanks are due to the scientific staff of APSAC who has generated all the thematic maps. VICE CHAIRMAN APSAC ii Contents S Contents Page No 1 Salient Features of Srikakulam District 1 1.1 Administrative Setup 1 1.2 Drainage 2 1.2a Eco Sensitive Zone 3 1.3 Climate and Rainfall 5 1.3a Automatic Weather Station 9 1.4 Transport and Communications 13 1.4a Andhra Pradesh Road Information System 13 1.5 Population and Literacy 14 1.6 Important Tourist Places 17 1.6a Places of Tourist Interest 17 1.6b Places of Religious and Cultural importance 19 2 Land Utilization, Forest and Slope of Srikakulam District 22 2.1 Land Use / Land Cover Classification 22 2.2 Slope Map of the District 45 2.3 Forest Cover Distribution 47 3 Agriculture and Soil Resources 48 3.1 Kharif Rice Estimation using SAR data 49 3.2 Soil Resource of Srikakulam District 50 3.3 Horticulture 52 4 Coastal Resources and Aquaculture of Srikakulam District 57 4.1 Shoreline Change status of Srikakulam District 57 4.2 Aquaculture in Srikakulam District 59 5 Surface Water and Irrigation Resources of Srikakulam District 61 5.1 Surface Water and Irrigation Resources of Srikakulam District 61 5.1.1 Major and Medium Irrigation Projects in Srikakulam District 61 5.1.2 Major Irrigation Project 62 5.1.3 Medium Irrigation Project 64 5.1.4 Tank Information System 68 5.2 Ground Water Prospects of Srikakulam District 70 5.2.1 Geology of Srikakulam District 70 5.2.2 Mineral Resources of Srikakulam District 72 5.2.3 Geochronology of Srikakulam District 97 5.2.4 Geomorphology of Srikakulam District 98 5.2.5 Landforms of fluvial origin 99 5.2.6 Landforms of Structural Origin 100 5.2.7 Landforms of denudational origin 101 5.2.8 Landforms of Coastal origin 102 5.3 Structural Features of Srikakulam District 105 5.4 Ground Water Prospects in the District 107 5.5 Ground Water Quality of the District 109 6 Details of Major and Minor Minerals their Production and Revenue in the District 112 6.1 Administrative Set-Up of DMG in Srikakulam District 112 iii 6.2 Office of the Asst. Director of Mines and Geology, Srikakulam District 112 6.3 Overall view of Mining Activity in the District 113 References 194 S.No Figures Page 1 Fig.1 Administrative Boundaries of Srikakulam District, Andhra 2 Pradesh 2 Fig.2.Drainage Network and Surface Water bodies of the District 3 3 Fig.3.Distribution of Rainfall in Srikakulam District, Andhra 9 Pradesh 4 Fig.4 Distribution of automatic weather stations (AWS) in 11 Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh 5 Fig.5 Transport Network of Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh 13 6 Fig.6 Mandal wise Distribution of Schedule Caste Population and 15 Types of Hostels and Residential Schools in Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh 7 Fig.7 Some Important Tourist Places in Srikakulam District, 21 Andhra Pradesh 8 Fig.8 Land Use / Land Cover Map of Srikakulam District During 23 2015-16 9 Fig.9 General Slope of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh 46 10 Fig.10 Forest covers map of Srikakulam District during 2015-16 47 11 Fig.11 (a) Ground truth data overlaid on multi-temporal RGB image, (b) 50 Rice cropped area and (c) Transplantation date-wise rice cropped area over Srikakulam District 12 Fig. 12 Soil Resource Map of Srikakulam District 51 13 Fig. 13 Shoreline changes and Erosion/Accretion in Srikakulam District 58 14 Fig. 14 Areas of Aquaculture Distribution in Srikakulam District 60 15 Fig.15Basin and Sub Basins of Srikakulam District, Andhra 66 Pradesh 16 Fig. 16 Major and Medium Irrigation Projects of Srikakulam 67 District 17 Fig.17 Geology of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh -Source: 72 GSI, 2000 18 Fig.18 Mineral Resource of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh 73 -Source: GSI, 2000 19 Fig.19 Geomorphology of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh 99 20 Fig.20. Structural Map of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh 106 21 Fig.21. Ground Water prospects in Srikakulam District, Andhra 107 Pradesh 22 Fig.22.Distribution of Piezometer Observation wells in Srikakulam 109 District, A P 23 Fig.23 Ground Water Quality Map of Srikakulam District, Andhra 111 Pradesh iv Table No Description P.No 1 Mandal Wise Average Annual Rainfall (mm) 6 2 Maximum& Minimum Temparature 2015-2016 11 3 Category-wise Distributions of Land use/Land Cover During 2015-16 23 4 Forest Cover Distribution 48 5 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Fresh Fruits with Production (MT) in Srikakulam District(2017- 53 18) 6 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Vegetables with Production (MT) in Srikakulam District(2017-18) 54 7 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Plantation with Production (MT) in Srikakulam District(2017-18) 55 8 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Spices with Production (MT) in Srikakulam District(2017-18) 55 9 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Flowerswith Production (MT) in Srikakulam District(2017-18) 56 10 Shoreline Characteristics and statics for Srikakulam Coast 57 11 Mandal wise Aquaculture distribution in Srikakulam District 60 12 Hydrological units of Srikakulam district 62 Drainage System with Description of main rivers 13 69 14 Salient Features of Important Rivers and Streams 69 15 showing the mineral based industries in the srikakulam District. 119 16 Statement showing the Stone Crusher Units of MDL holders in respect of O/o. Asst.Director of Mines and Geology, Tekkali 142 17 List of Colour Granite MDLs in O/o Asst. Director of Mines and Geology, Tekkali 144 18 Statement Showing The Particulars of Quarry Leases of RM&BS Held in The Asst Director of Mines and Geology, Srikakulam DistricT 145 19 List Of Quarry Leases For Road Metal In Respect Of O/O Asst. Director Of Mines And Geology, Tekkali As On 30.06.2018 152 v 1. Salient Features of Srikakulam District Srikakulam District is the extreme North eastern District of Andhra Pradesh situated within the Geographic Co-ordinates of 18°-20’ and 19°-10’ of Northern latitude and 83°-50’ and 84°-50’ of Eastern longitude. The Nagavali, Vamsadhara, Mahendratanaya and Bahuda are the important rivers of the District. The coastal belt of over 193 km on the East and the Eastern Ghats on the West, Vizianagaram District flanks in the south and west while Orissa bounds it on the North and Bay of Bengal on the East. The D i s t r i c t d e r i v e d i t s name from Srikakulam town. Srikakulam District was carved out in 1950 by bifurcating it from Visakhapatnam District remained unaffected in its territorial jurisdiction for sometime. In November, 1969 the District lost 63 Villages from Saluru Taluk and 44 Villages from Bobbili Taluk to Visakhapatnam District. Again in May, 1979 the District had undergone major territorial changes on account of the formation of new District Vizianagaram with the transfer of Salur, Bobbili, Parvathipuram and Cheepurupalli Taluks to the new District. The Geographical area of the District is 5,83,700 Hectares. Especially the District is backward in all aspects except Sex – Ratio where Female population exceeds Male Population. The Lord Suryanarayana Temple at Arasavalli is famous in Andhra Pradesh. The District is situated in North Coastal Plain of the Agro – Climatic Zone and partly in Tribal Areas. The District has two Natural Regions Viz., the Hilly Region called Agency Area, mostly inhabitated by Tribal Population and the Plain Area. 1.1 Administrative Setup The district is divided into 3 Revenue divisions viz., 1.Tekkali 2.Palakonda and 3.Srikakulam covering 38 mandals (Fig.1) with 1863 Revenue Villages and 1099 Grampanchats. There are Six Municipal Corporations with 36 Revenue Villages and 147 Wards., 1.Srikakulam 2. Amadalavalasa 3.Palasa-kasibugga 4. Ichapuram 1 5.Rajam Nagara palika and 6.Palakonda Nagara palika. There are 10 Assembly Constituencies with one SC and one ST. There is one Parliamentary Constituency in the district. Fig.1. Administrative Boundaries of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh 1.2.Drainage The main rivers drain the district are Vamsadhara and Nagavali. The other important rivers flowing are Suvarnamukhi, Vegavati, Mahendra Tanya and Bahuda. The rivers Vamsadhara, Nagavali and Suvarnamukhi are perennial. The drainage in western part of the district resembles dendritic type, where as in the central part it is parallel to sub-dendritic. The overall drainage is of 2 medium to coarse textured towards west and north of the district, whereas in central and southern parts it is very coarse. The drainage density varies from less than 0.2 to 1 km/km2. There are ten Major and Medium irrigation Projects in the District, such as BRR Vamsadhara Project (I&II), Madduvalasa, Thotapalli, Narayanapuram Anicut, Kalingadala Reservoir, Dabarsingi Reservoir, Bondigedda Reservoir, Gajjiligedda Reservoir, Thotapalli Reservoir and Pydigam Project.