Volume XXXII No. 12 December, 1977 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCUim OF XWBH RBUGBS IH GlEAT BRITAH

W. Rosenstock go on, and the Hon. Officers of the AJR have also discussed ways and means of co-opera­ tion and started to raise contributions among their close friends. The meeting was informed UNITY IN DISPERSION that the decision of the transfer was not absolutely final and that, among other things, much depended on the chance of raising Meeting of Council of Jews from Germany money in this country. Yet even if a transfer should prove unavoidable at some time or It has always been one of the distinctive Oflficers of the Council, Mr. Werner M. Behr another, ways and means might be explored qualities of the German Jews that they were (Joint Chairman) and Professor Dr. Rudolf to keep material, especially in the field of endowed with a strong sense of solidarity. Callmann (member of the Presidium). As suc­ Nazism and neo-Fascist movements, accessible Even now, almost 45 years after the begin­ cessor to Mr. Behr, Dr. F. E. Falk, Vice- in this country, be it in the original or by ning of their enforced emigration, the organi­ Chairman of the AJR, was elected Joint Chair­ way of microfilms. sations built up by them in most countries man, and Mr. C. T. Marx, chairman of the In connection with the problems of restitu­ of resettlement are still active, and the same AJR, was co-opted to the Presidium. tion and related subjects reference was made applies to their world-wide representative to the new legislation on German social se­ body, the Council of Jews from Germany. The Continuity of Social Work curity payments. As readers of AJR Informa­ undiminished strength of the Council and its tion know there was at one stage the danger aflfiliated organisations became manifest anew, In his Financial Report, Dr. W. Rosenstock, that new applications from emigrated persons when on October 9, their delegates from Hon. Secretary of the Council, commented who had been in employment outside the Israel, U.S.A., Britain, France, Belgium and on the audited accounts (1975 and 1976) of present territory of the German Federal Re­ the Netherlands met in London. the Council's financial instrument, the Leo public, might be rejected. This danger, as we It would exceed the scope of this report, Baeck Charitable Trust. The assets of this reported in our October issue, could be aver­ if we described in detail the history of Trust have derived mainly from the heirless ted. Yet to achieve this, strenuous efforts the Council. Yet a few salient points have and communal Jewish property in Germany, had to be made by the representative bodies to be mentioned in brief. The Council was recovered by the so-called successor organisa­ concemed, and the Council was in constant founded shortly after the war by the organi­ tions and, in the course of the past years, contact with them when the new law was sations of former German Jews in Israel were distributed among the Council's aflfiliates under discussion. Though there are at present (Irgun Oley Merkaz Europa), U.S.A. (Ameri­ to be used for their charitable work. How­ no signs that the implementation of any other can Federation of Jews from Central Europe) ever, the work of the successor organisations compensation and related laws might be in and Britain (AJR) under the presidency of has now practically come to an end, and with jeopardy, the experience during this year's Dr. Leo Baeck and almost immediately after very few exceptions, no further payments summer months re-aflfirmed the indispensable its inception joined by corresponding organi­ have become available. This creates serious function of the Council as the guardian of sations in other countries. One of the main problems for the Council's aflSliates in the the interests of the Nazi victims. concems during the first post-war years was continuation of their social work, especially the safeguarding of the rights of the victims in view of the steadily rising number of old Concem about German neo-Nazi Trends of Nazi persecution in the field of restitution and frail people in their midst who need and compensation. This work was not restric­ care and attention in special Homes. The dele­ The Meeting also discussed in great detail ted to negotiations with the authorities con­ gates discussed the possibilities of various the recent manifestations of the rising anti­ cemed on general questions of legislation. It attempts at alleviating the position and, whilst semitism and neo-Nazism in Germany. It was soon tumed out that there was also a need so far no solution could be found, the efforts decided to write a letter to the German for an institution which could represent the in this direction will continue. Federal Minister of the Interior, expressing claims of indigent individual victims. Thus, Another point under discussion was the the Council's grave concern about these trends. the United Restitution Organisation (URO), safeguarding of the future work of the Leo "Terror and demagogy", the letter reads, "as one of the largest legal agencies in history, Baeck Institute. In this matter, too, various well as incidents such as, e.g., unimpeded came into being mainly at the initiative of propositions are under active consideration. rallies of old Nazis, desecration of Jewish the Council and with the financial aid of the A further problem which, though not strictly cemeteries, attempts by various media at glori­ major Jewish relief organisations. Another within the terms of reference of the Council, fying the Hitler period, the symbolical 'burn­ oflfshoot of the Council is the Leo Baeck was discussed at the meeting, concerned the ing of Jews' by students of the Officers' Institute, which was founded in 1955 to pre­ Wiener Library. The Council is oflficially re­ Academy with the knowledge of their super­ serve the spiritual heritage of Central Euro­ presented on the Board of the Wiener Library iors, the daubing of buildings with Nazi sym­ pean Jewry. During the 22 years of its exist­ by Mr. Fred Lessing, Mr. Heinz Gerling and bols are only too reminiscent of the experience ence, the LBI has produced more than 200 Mr Arnold Paucker; furthermore, Mr. C. T. of recent history. Though, so far, the groups publications pertinent to the various aspects Marx was recently co-opted to the Board. responsible for such occurrences are numeric­ of Jewish life on the Continent from the As readers know, it is intended to transfer ally small, we are, in the light of the happen­ emancipation to the decline and ultimate ex­ the Wiener Library to the University of Tel ings of the past, alarmed by the threat to tinction after 1933. Aviv in a few years' time. All delegates democracy which may emanate from dema­ In 1956, the Council lost its first President, agreed that it would be highly desirable to gogy and prejudice". The letter, copies of Dr. Leo Baeck, and Dr. Siegfried Moses be­ have the Library kept in London, because it which were sent to the Federal I*resident and came his successor. After his death in 1974, has become an indispensable source of infor­ the Federal Chancellor, expressed the Council's it was decided that instead of a single new mation for authors, politicians and mass media confident hope that the German Government president, three joint chairmen, resident in in this country and on the Continent. Through­ and Parliament will take adequate measures the coimtries of each of the three founder out the past years, the Council has paid sub­ to prevent the spreading of such incidents organisations, Israel, U.S.A. and Britain, should stantial annual subsidies to the Wiener and do their utmost to ensure that they ulti­ be at the helm of the Council. Library. Yet they alone do not suflfice to mately cease. cover the deficit in the long run. On the other The meeting on October 9 was presided hand, the Jews in this country, usually known Another point on the agenda of the Meet­ over bv the joint chairmen, Mr. Heinz Gerling for their generosity, have not come forward ing concerned the Council's scheme to record (Israel) and Dr. Curt C. Silberman (U.S.A.). and publish a history of the immigration of At the beginning. Dr. Silberman paid tribute with adequate help, despite strenuous eflorts to the memorj' of two deceased leading Hon. in this direction. These eflorts will certainly Continued on page 2, column 1 Page 2 AJR INFORMATION December 1977

ERHOEHUNG DER DEUTSCHEN JEWISH ASPECTS ON BRITISH TV UNITY IN DISPERSION ENTSCHAEDIGUNGSRENTEN All three Television Channels have Continued from page 1 recently shown a number of programmes of Die Verordnung ueber die Erhoehung der particular interest to Jewish watchers. BBC-2's Entschaedigungsrenten, die zur Zeit der "Long Search", which has been describing the the German Jews into their various countries great faiths of the world for many weeks, had Drucklegung dieser Ausgabe noch nicht vor­ of resettlement. So far, the research has been one evening devoted to the "Chosen People". liegt, wird im Bundesgesetzblatt im November It dealt mainly with Jewish Orthodoxy and concentrated on four countries: Israel, U.S.A., showed Jewish life in Israel through the eyes Britain and France. This does not preclude Oder Dezember dieses Jahres veroeffentlicht of Dr. Pinchas Peli, a descendant of a long the extension of the work to other countries werden. Nach dem uns bekannten Entwurf line of rabbis and a sixth generation inhabi­ at a later stage. It was reported that during werden Entschaedigungsrenten um ca. 5% tant of Jerusalem. It showed a particular the past two years, the rather complicated slice, if not the whole of Jewishness. The erhoeht mit Ausnahme der Berufsschadens- Holocaust was referred to by Elie Wiesel, a research work had made good progress. Con­ Hoechstrenten, deren Erhoehung nur ca. 4% tributors from France and Israel have already survivor of Auschwitz who is now professor betraegt, und der Gesundheits-und Lebens- of Humanities at Boston University and who produced draft manuscripts and the mono­ has written a number of books on his experi­ graph about the position in Britain is nearing schadens-Mindestrenten, die um ca. 10% ences and tried to work out their significance. completion. It is hoped that, after the un­ erhoeht werden. Die Erhoehung der Renten Nobody who watched the programme can have avoidably long period of preparation, the final wird rueckwirkend zum 1. Februar 1977 been unmoved by his story of the three goal will be reached in the not too distant erfolgen. Die Entschaedigungsbehoerden haben rabbis in a concentration camp who sat in future. judgement on God for three days for the bereits begonnen, die Rentenerhoehimgen wrongs he had done to his people. They The atmosphere of the Meeting and the vorzunehmen. Die Durchfuehrung dieser found him guilty. Then the rabbi who had great amount of practical achievements and conducted the trial, got up and said; "And Aktion wird sich wie auch in vergangenen now let us pray". plans for the future re-affirmed the strength Jahren auf einige Wochen oder Monate er­ of the CounciL The tasks are as manifold as strecken. Hier sind einige Beispiele der ITV showed a programme on the "Jewish they have always been. They include the safe­ Lobby" in the United States which stated guarding of our rights, the preservation of erhoehten monatlichen Renten: that the United Jewish Appeal had raised our cultural heritage, the continuation of our Berufsschadens-Hoechstrenten DM 1.821,— $460 million last year, that American Jews exercised a strong pressure on the U.S. social work in the countries of resettlement, Berufsschadens-Hoechstwitwenrenten a watchful eye on political dangers and, last Government to go on supporting Israel. but not least, the recording of our recent DM 1.093,— Rabbi Schindler who was described as "presi­ Lebensschadens-Witwenmindestrenten dent of an umbrella body of 31 major Jewish history as long as the witnesses of this period organisations even more powerful than the are still available. DM 706,— official Jewish Lobby" said that American Mindestrenten fuer Gesundheitsschaden: Jewry was committed to Israel because it had Minderung der Erwerbsfaehigkeit 25% failed to save European Jews under the Nazis and it was determined to ijrevent another WRITING ON THE WALL bis 39% — DM 354,— Holocaust destroying the Jewish State. An Effective Documentation Minderung der Erwerbsfaehigkeit 80% In another ITV programme three young u.darueber DM 879,— boys, one of them a sixth form pupil of a Such were the Nazi crimes that they now London school, were interviewed and asked seem easier to disbelieve than to believe, and OESTERREICHISCHE SOZIALVERSICHE­ why they had joined the National Front. so there is perhaps, in some ways, nothing One of them said the Front's Youth Move­ surprising in the current rash of literature RUNGSRENTEN ERHOEHT ment had recruited many members. Among the reasons they gave were muggings by (so-called) trying to deny the undeniable. The Die Renten aus der oesterreichischen Sozial­ Black immigrants. Miss Janet Street-Porter, historical evidence is increasingly being dis­ versicherung werden vom 1. Januar 1978 ab the interviewer, warned the boys against the torted and insolent whitewashers of Hitler intolerance of the Front and said its chair­ pose another threat to Jewish life. The nature um 6-9% erhoeht. man, John Tyndall was a former Nazi and and extent of this threat are ably presented Martin Webster, the national activities organi­ ser, had WTitten an article "Why I am a in a brochure published by the Committee of ANNUITIES FOR DAMAGE TO HEALTH Auschwitz Camps Survivors in Israel—The Nazi". Children of a Basildon school who were also interviewed, unanimously condemned the Holocaust is being denied: The answer of New List of Recognised Concentration Camps violence and prejudice preached by the Front, Auschwitz survivors. but said that Left-wing extremists were just The author, Erich Kulka, an acknowledged In case of incarceration in a concentration as bad. expert on the subject, surveys the subversive camp for one year or longer the claimant A BBC-2 Newsday programme showed an stuff now being produced not only in Germany does, according to the Federal Indemnifica­ impassioned discussion at Sheffield Univer­ but particularly in this country and the U.S.A. tion Law, not have to prove that a 25% sity which ended with a defeat of the .anti- He wams against the temptation to ignore it, reduction of earning capacity, if it exists, is Zionist programme. Sue Slipman, president especially as the horrors are viewed with due to Nazi persecution. Places of incarcera­ of the National Students Union, the Jewish growing indifference and the lies may serve tion which are recognised as concentration daughter of an East End taxi driver and a Communist, said that she had been to Israel to soothe guilty consciences. The danger camps are enumerated in a Govemment ordin­ and disagreed with many things she had seen, assumes immediate significance when the ance. Recently, an ordinance has been pro­ but that she insisted on freedom of speech champions of neo-Nazism link up (as they are mulgated, extending the number of recognised for every student whatever his or her opinions here shown to do) with Arab "anti-Zionists". concentration camps. In so far as on accoimt and that she therefore opposed recent anti- of that extension a claimant can prove incar­ Zionist manifestations and resolutions. Kulka has provided an effective documenta­ ceration in one or more concentration camps tion which would warrant an expansion of the for a total period of one year or more, he ANTI-ISRAEL BROADCAST 32 mimeographed pages into a more substan­ or she can claim an annuity for damage to tial volume. On some points it might be use- health, provided his or her reduction of earn­ ON GERMAN RADIO AND TV ftdly amended too. Albert Speer, for example, ing capacity comes at present to 25% or more. The West German Radio and TV Service has recently been more explicit in his con­ The fact that an earlier application has been has received many complaints against a film demnation of the crimes; on the other hand, dismissed does not stand in the way of a more than one reputable historian has failed fresh application if the dismissal of the earlier sent out in early October which was the to see the wood for trees. There is no mistak­ application was due to non-recognition of a result of co-operation between German and ing what Kulka calls "this Writing on the concentration camp which is now included in Palestinian film producers and written by the Wall", and we cannot say we have not been the recently issued ordinance. The time Umit Israeli Edna Politi. The film "For the wamed. for submission of applications expires on Palestinians" had met with a great deal of March 24, 1978. Applications have to be sub­ criticism when it was first transmitted in 1974, mitted to the competent indemnification and its repetition during the days of new DUTCH CERTIFICATES FOR "ARYANS" Authority (Entschaedigungsbehoerde). Those terrorist activities was regarded as highly The Dutch authorities have instructed the who l)elieve that they may have a claim and provocative. It refers to terrorists as "resist­ population oflfices of towns and villages no wish to have further explanations may ask ance fighters" and to the Israelis as thieves of longer to certify to applicants who want to do United Restitution Oflfice (London) Ltd. Arab land who are threatened with under­ business with Arab countries that they are non- 183/189 Finchley Road, London, N.W.3 ground fights. Arab schoolchildren are shown in writing for a leaflet, which is available in Jewish. This has been repeatedly done in English or in German, and attach a prepaid being taught to be ready to sacrifice their recent years to satisfy demands made by Arab envelope. lives resisting the Israeli occupation forces. customers. Arab terror is called "an act of despair". AJR INFORMATION December 1977 Page 3 HOME NEWS A nglo-Judaica CB.F.'s Importance AJR PROTEST AGAINST ADMISSION THE PRIME MINISTER AND OF SS MEN JEWISH INTERESTS At the Central British Fund's Appeal dinner at the Savoy Hotel, £40,000 was raised. Mr. When the visit of former Waffen-SS officers When the Labour Friends of Israel cele­ Victor Waddington, president of the appeal, to this country was imminent, the AJR sent brated their 20th anniversary in Brighton, stressed that Jews in 17 different countries the following telegram to the Home Secre­ the Prime Minister, Mr. James Callaghan, said needed aid and that the C.B.F.'s work was tary: "As representative body of victims of he was naturally disappointed at the defeat second in importance after Israel. He con­ Nazi persecution, nearly all of whom have of the Labour Govemment in Israel, but he tinued to say that it would be genocide to lost their relatives and many of whom endured stressed that Britain's devotion to Israel tran­ let people die of hunger. "The miracle of Statehood does not solve all problems." Lord the cmelties of the SS guards in concentra­ scends govemments and will remain the policy Nathan announced his retirement after six tion camps, we urgently request refusal of of the British Govemment. Having visited years as C.B.F. chairman. His successor is admission of former SS officers to the U.K. Israel, he greatly appreciated her contribution Mr. Kenneth Rubens. in their attempt to whitewash their wartime to the Middle East and through it to the activities". Subsequently, the Home Secretary democratic world. J.N.F. Moves ordered the SS officers to leave the country Mr. Callaghan was also the fiirst British but, unfortunately, former Waffen-SS officer Prime Minister to attend a session of the The Jewish National Fund which has been Hubert Meyer was still given an opportunity Jewish Board of Deputies and to address its at Rex House, Regent Street, for many years, to address a press conference in London. members. He said the Jews in Britain had has moved its administrative and fund-raising offices to Harold Poster House, Kingsbury The AJR also sent a letter of thanks to Mr. shown that it is possible in a modern society Circle, London, N.W.9 (telephone 204 9911). Winston Churchill, M.P., for impressively re­ to be part of the nation as a whole and yet futing Meyer's allegations in the BBC "Nation­ to retain an essential cultural and religious wide" programme on November 16. identity. "The Jewish community," he said, New Rabbi for West London Synagogue "is so much part of our national life that it Israeli-born Rabbi Daniel Smith has been THE QUEEN THANKS JEWS is easy to forget that even today the vast appointed associate rabbi of the West London The Duke of Gloucester and the Lord Mayor majority of British Jews are either refugees Synagogue, Upper Berkeley Street. His father themselves or the children or grandchildren is a psychologist who brought his family to of Westminster attended a thanksgiving this country from Slovakia in 1939. They went service at the West London Synagogue in the of those who fled to Britain from persecution to Israel in 1948, but returned to Britain in presence of 500 people. Rabbi Hugo Gryn, and terror on the mainland of Europe." 1956. Rabbi Smith studied psychology, philo­ assisted by Rabbi Jacqueline Tabick and Rabbi sophy, English and astronomy at Keele Uni­ JEWS SIGN NOMINATION OF versity and edited the university's news­ Daniel Smith, paid tribute to the Queen who, FRONT CANDIDATE paper, but he remained true to a decision to like her father, represented the passionate become a rabbi which he made when he was love of liberty and the spirit of nobility and The Jewish Board of Deputies has declared 15 years old. self-sacrifice which saved the world from that the National Front used misrepresentation to make a Jewish couple, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Nazism. He read the Queen's reply to the Levitt, sign the nomination of a National Front Synagogue Jubilee congregation's Silver Jubilee message which candidate. Dr. Jacob Gewirtz, the Board's said that she greatly valued this expression Group Relations Director, said he knew of The golden Jubilee of Ilford Federation of loyalty. some 20 cases where people had been made Synagogue was celebrated with a thanks­ to sign forms which they thought were in giving service at which the Emeritus Chief 60 YEARS BALFOUR DECLARATION support of some good cause, but which were Rabbi Brodie's book "Affirmation of Judaism" really such nomination forms. The name was presented to one of the guests, the Rev. Leaders of the three major political parties "National Front" had not been mentioned. Rodney Sawtell, minister of the local church Dr. Gewirtz thought it possible that the Front whose hall was loaned to the synagogue dur­ attended a crowded reception at the Savoy deliberately tried to create the impression that ing rebuilding. Other recipients were the Hotel to mark the diamond jubilee of the there were Jews supporting its activities. Mayor of Redbridge and the chairman of the Balfour Declaration. The guests included Mr. local Council of Christians and Jews. The Julian Amery, MP, whose father Leo Amery, HOTEL EXPLAINS N.F. FUNCTION synagogue, founded in 1927, has a member­ had been instrumental in drafting the declara­ ship of 700. Its premises are used by many tion; Dr. Selina Sokolow, daughter of the . The Royal Garden Hotel, Kensington, has organisations. Among the many jubilee gifts issued a statement saying that the National was a donation and card from the nuns of famous Zionist leader; and many politicians Front had booked rooms for a recent function Ursuline High School. The Queen sent a mes­ who stressed the close ties between the British by means of subterfuge. The booking was made sage. people and the State of Israel. A Balfour "in the name of respected clients and its tme Diamond Jubilee Trust was set up. nature was discovered too late on that day." Every endeavour would be made to ensure Rabbi Jacobs' Portrait PRO-ARAB PRESIDENT OF LIBERALS that no N.F. functions would be held at the hotel m future. Sir Monty Finniston unveiled the portrait Mr. Christopher Mayhew, the pro-Arab MP of Rabbi Louis Jacobs in the New London who switched his allegiance from Labour to Synagogue, painted by Vienna-born artist Liberal in 1974, failed to be elected the party's Jacques Kupfermann who studied in America president. The new president, Mr. Michael Vour House for:- and came to London in 1968. His works are Steed, however, is also a prominent pro- represented in many US museums, including Palestinian. He is a lecturer in politics at CURTAINS, CARPETS, the Museum of Modern Art. Manchester University and a friend of the editor of "Free Palestine," Mr. Louis Eaks, a former Young Liberal with whom he toured FLOOR COVERINGS Gift to Freemasons Syria recently. Mr. Joseph Fields, master of Lodge Shalom SPECIAUTY in Glasgow, was admitted to a Masonic Lodge NO PLACE FOR N.F. Meeting with the members present in full IN UNIONS regalia when he handed over a cheque for ENGLISH & CONTINENTAL £3,000 for Scottish spina bifida sufferers. The The East Midlands Region of the Associa­ money was raised by a sponsored blood tion of Scientific, Technical and Managerial DOWN QUILTS, DUVETS, donor scheme organised by Lodge Shalom Staffs are threatening to expel members who and will help to buy a holiday home for spina join the National Front. Mr. Teague, divisional DUVET COVERS & SHEETS bifida children. officer, said it was the union's objective to explain to such members that they are in a ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS Nazi organisation. "If they still insist on Conference of NATO Chaplains being members we shall know that they are in favour of a Nazi organisation and they will ESTIMATES FREE The Rev. Malcolm Weisman, senior Jewish be expelled." The union has some 16,000 mem­ chaplain to H.M. Forces, presided at a session bers in the district, ranging from biochemists DAWSON-LANE LIMITED of Nato naval senior chaplains held near to insurance staff. (Ettabllthed 1948) St. Albans. The conference was also attended 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK by the Nato commander-in-chief, General Haig and Dr. Lancelot Fleming, former Bishop of With acknowledgement to the news Telephone: 904 6671 Norwich. One of the speakers was Mrs. Masha service of the Jewish Chronicle. Peraonal attention oi Mr. W. Shackman Greenbaum who spoke of her experiences in concentration camps. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION December 1977 SENTENCE FOR PRO-NAZI IN NEWS FROM ABROAD NEW ZEALAND Colin King-Ansell, 31, leader of New UNITED STATES BRAZIL Zealand's handful of Nazi sympathisers, was sentenced in Auckland to tliree months' im­ Jewish woman wins Nobel Prize Synagogue for Brazilia prisonment for publishing pamphlets to incite ill-will against Jews. He has appealed against Dr. Rosalyn Yalow, of New York, who was The synagogue, including a communal the sentence. It is the first case of its kind in awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine for centre which has been built during the last the country. her part in devising a new research tool which eight years for the 90 Jewish families in has led to major discoveries and can trace Brazilia, Brazil's capital, has been inaugurated substances in blood and tissues undetectable by Dr. Milnitzky, the president of the Con­ ANTI-JEWISH POSTERS IN ATHENS by other methods, is married to the son of federation of Brazilian Jews. The site was donated by the city council. For months posters alleging that "world an Orthodox rabbi and keeps a kosher home. Jewry" was behind the Jehovah Witnesses, were displayed on Greek buses. After a strong Neo-Nazis in the US Dr Weizmann's bust vanishes protest by the Central Board of Greek Jewish Communities who stressed that there were no There have been a number of neo-Nazi A bust of Dr. Chaim Weizmann, Israel's connections between Jews and Jehovah Wit­ demonstrations in the United States in recent first president, which was officially unveiled nesses, the Greek transport minister ordered weeks. In the Californian town of San Jose in the square in front of the Governor's palace all bus operators not to display any posters two people were injured during a demonstra­ with pictures and emblems of a religious tion by 2,000 National Socialists. In St. in Rio de Janeiro, has disappeared. It was removed during reconstruction work for the nature. Archbishop Seraphim, the Greek Louis, a man was shot dead and another Primate, had said that the posters were cir­ injured when leaving the synagogue. In a city's underground, but nobody knows where it has been taken. culated by organisations outside the Church's suburb of St. Louis three people were injured control. during a clash between members of the American National Socialist White Workers' ANTISEMrriC BOOK BANNED IN Party and members of the committee against racism. BUENOS AIRES SCANDINAVIA The Government of Argentina has banned In Stockholm, a 45-year-old gardener Assar Holocaust Institute the book "Shulchan Aruch—the Code of the Aredssen, a self-confessed Nazi, has formed Jews" because of its antisemitic contents. The a party "Sweden for the Swedes" and de­ A Simon Wiesenthal Institute has been firm publishing it calls itself "Mi Lucha"— scribed himself as its "Fuhrer". The party opened at the Los Angeles branch of the "Mein Kampf". is opposed to all immigrants, Jews and New York Orthodox Yeshiva university. Mr. gypsies, and demands racial purity. Wiesenthal attended the opening, and the mayor of Los Angeles gave a luncheon in WARNINGS AGAINST NEO-NAZIS his honour. He will deliver an annual series HOUSE ARREST FOR MOSCOW JEWS of lectures at the Institute. In Vienna, Mr. Simon Wiesenthal, head of the Jewish Documentation Centre, stated that he was no longer concentrating on track­ A number of Jews who had planned a Jewish Govemor jailed ing down Nazi war criminals, but rather on demonstration outside the offices of the the activities of neo-Nazis all over the world. Supreme Soviet to protest against a refusal Mr. Marvin Mandel, 57-year-old Governor of He is particularly worried about Nazis in the of the authorities to grant emigration applica­ Maryland who was first elected as successor United States where he said there were now tions to Israel, were arrested. A number of to Mr. Spiro Agnew and re-elected twice, some 100 organisations which sent out Nazi them, including Miss Ida Nudel, were put has been found guilty of mail fraud and propaganda to all corners of the world. He under house arrest, others were detained by racketeering and stripped of his office. He said that in Western Germany, the neo-Nazis the police. Miss Nudel hung a yellow star was sentenced to four years' imprisonment. had learned from the extreme Left how to from her balcony in protest against the house He had been Maryland's first Jewish Governor organise themselves in small groups to combat arrest and locked herself in. The police had during the State's 335-year history. the authority of the State. They are supported to bring up a crane to remove the star. A by Arab States and attack Jews and Zionists number of the campaigners have complained AFTER MOGADISHU indiscriminately. Mr. Wiesenthal said that it to the Belgrade conference, stating that the was hopeless to work against Nazi criminals restrictions placed on them were "a clear West German Jews have criticised Chan­ in Austria and that therefore he had asked violation of elementary freedoms". cellor Helmut Schmidt for expressing his the Government for a general amnesty for Dr. Arye Gutman, a nuclear scientist at the thanks to Yasir Arafat, the PLO leader, war criminals which would clarify the position. Haifa Technion, has written an open letter to because he condemned the Mogadishu hi­ the representatives of the 35 nations taking jacking. part in the Belgrade conference, stating the Hostages who were freed at Mogadishu re­ FRANCE Soviet Union was suppressing human rights in ported that the fanatical leader of the revoking permission for his sick and elderly terrorists, who called himself "Martyr Giscard opens Chagall Show parents to join him in Israel. His father, 76, Mahmud" had engaged in wild anti-Jewish retired two years ago from the scientist post talks and had asked the hostages never again President Giscard d'Estaing opened an exhi­ he held with the Leningrad Institute of PulP to buy in Jewish shops. bition in Paris of 72 of the latest works of and Paper. His mother was a retired econo­ 90-year-old Marc Chagall. He said he was mist. They had initially been given permission In London, a new Arab weekly, "Al Manar" to leave, but were later informed that because identified on its front page the four Arab very impressed, particularly by Chagall's illustration of the "Song of Songs". After the of objections raised by the Institute, they hijackers. It added that "Martyr Mahmud" would have to wait two years before leaving. was in reality Zuheir Okasha who had killed opening, Mr. Chagall appeared in a special three Yemeni diplomats in London last April. television interview which included an appre­ This report was followed by a number of ciation by the late Andre Malraux who likened statements in British papers saying that the Chagall to Delacroix and Rembrandt. PRISON FOR CZECH JEWS London police had been tipped off about At the Prague trials of the human rig}'*? Okasha's whereabouts before the murder, as FORMER NAZI IN DUTCH PUBLIC he had been previously expelled from activists, two non-Jews were given suspended SERVICE sentences whereas two Jews involved, Mr Ota Britain, but had done nothing about it. Ornest and Mr Jiri Lederer, received prison One of the hostages on the hijacked Luft­ Mr. Simon Wiesenthal, head of the Vienna sentences of three years for maintaining hansa plane was Czech-born Mrs. Lily Vemos, Documentation Centre, has drawn the atten­ "conspirational links" with foreign diplomats. aged 54, a sister of the Rev. Emest Levy, tion of Dutch authorities to the fact that Dr. chazan of the Giffnock and Newlands Syna­ Zoltan Papp, once the head of the Hungarian gogue in Glasgow. ghetto Papa, is an employee of the Dutch CHIEF RABBI'S VISIT TO ROMANIA State Railway. He had escaped from a prison PLO WALK-OUT in Hungary during the 1956 rising and sought Dr. Jakobovits, the Chief Rabbi who recently asylum in Holland, stating that he had been visited the Jews of Romania and their Chiei Members of the Palestine Liberation Organ­ imprisoned because of a clash with the police. Rabbi Dr. Rosen, has stated that he v/as isation and Iraqi delegates left a meeting of He had, however, been imprisoned by a mili­ deeply impressed by the intensity of Jewish the World Peace Movement which was to tary court in 1951 because he commanded feeling encountered. He said the Jews were discuss a just solution of the Middle East the national-socialist Hungarian police in on the whole well-treated and allowed to emi­ Problem, when Mr. Arye Eliav, a Knesset charge of the Papa ghetto where Jews were grate if they wanted to do so. During his visit. member and former secretary-general of the assembled before transportation to Auschwitz. Dr. Jakobovits attended the rededication or Israeli Labour Party, made a speech and said: Dr. Papp was convicted for having iU-treated the Bucharest Synagogue, which was damagea "I am a Zionist, a Socialist and a man of and robbed the prisoners, and even sent in the earthquake in March, and preached al peace". Other delegates from Israel included people to Auschwitz in cattle-trucks who had various synagogues to large congregations. He members of the Moscow-orientated Rakah been exempted from deportation. The Dutch also conferred with Patriarch Surtin, head oi party (the so-called "New Communists"). authorities have started an investigation. the Orthodox Church. AJR INFORMATION December 1977 Page 5

Hermann Levin Goldschmidt Without its close linlu to tbe Torah, Jewish lore is unthinkable. Between the publication of Bin Gorion's four volumes and Dr. Jason's none-the-less DIE FREIHEIT DES MENSCHEN formidable compendium lies a period of most shattering Jewish experience. Bin Gorion still Essays von H. G. Adler worked under the assumption that spiritually and factually the location of those in pos­ session of age-old knowledge of Jewish lore Wie ein Schluessel zu diesem gewichtigen Einsamkeit oder die Gemeinsamkeit mit seines­ was stable and secure. The 80 reference Buch ueber "Die Freiheit des Menschen"* liest gleichen beziehen, sagen paradoxerweise sources of his index were as yet as undis­ sich der Anfangssatz des Kapitels zur "Erfah­ grundsaetzlich dasselbe. . . . Aus dieser puted as the presence of Jews in Eastem rung der Ohnmacht—Soziologie der Verfol­ Gegensaetzlichkeit entspringt das Wider- Europe. gung": "Jeder soziologische Satz behandelt spraechliche des Menschen, es ist sein Prob­ menschliche Verhaeltnisse. Die Soziologie ist lem kat exochen, mit dem er sich immer In contrast. Dr. Jason, lecturer at the \ demnach ein Versuch kollektiver Biographie, wieder auseinandersetzen muss". University of Tel Aviv, conducted her editor­ manchmal auch Selbstbiographie". Wobei noch ial work under very different circumstances. Zum "Selbstbiographischen" dieser Sozio­ As the base of her operation is the State die anschliessenden Saetze mitzulesen sind, die logie und der Bedeutung dieser Soziologie, weil nun ausserdem deutlich machen, was die of Israel, it came natural to her to include sie nicht zuletzt "Selbstbiographie" ist, gehoert in her book material from a background vir­ Selbstbiographie, die sich als Soziologie zum schliesslich auch Adlers Verwurzelung im Ausdruck bringt, nicht ist oder jedenfalls tually overlooked fifty years earlier—the Jew­ Judentum, die er sich selber—und dem Leser ish population of the Islamic world. The fact nicht sein will. Der Geschichte, schreibt Adler, —aber nicht so bewusst macht, wie es not eigne ein stets individueller, persoenlicher that in today's Israel, representatives of im- taete, um (mit Adler selber gesprochen) zu derdeveloped Moslem and industrialized Charakter, weil sie "die Profile menschlicher hier "klar definierten Werten" durchzustossen. Entwicklungen . . . durch Taten und Schicksal European societies are integrating and living Wofuer er aber doch einsteht, laesst er Leo their daily lives side by side, more than im zeitlichen Fortgang des menschheitlichen Baeck aussprechen, mit dessen Worten Adler Daseins aufdeckt", waehrend die Soziologie justifies her new approach. Further, led by sein Kapitel "Mensch oder Masse?" be­ her ethnopoetical studies, she could add new den systematischen Strukturen nachgehe in schliesst. Diese Worte, unvergaengliche Worte ihrem "ueberpersoenlichen Charakter". Aber insights into the ancient Middle East cul­ des jungen Rabbiners Leo Baeck finden sich tures and their cross-influence upon each "Selbstbiographie" ist und bleibt Adlers in "Das Wesen des Judentums" von 1905. Soziologie nun doch und stiftet so das an other. However, this must lead to a new "Wenn der Mensch das Kind Gottes ist, so evaluation of viewpoints held for long by seinen Werken eigentuemlich Erregende von hat jede Seele ihre ewige Bedeutung; es gibt dem Grundbuch ueber "Theresienstadt, Antlitz senior scholars. To reprint evidence for all keine Menschenmassen, sondem nur den this in a limited 300-page volume is bound einer Zwangsgemeinschaft" bis zu den ueber Menschen . . . Jeder Mensch ist so als ein tausend Seiten der "Verwalteten Menschen", to cause over-crowding. Three thousand years Einzigartiges, als Persoenlichkeit erachtet, of Jewish history reflected in this book? diesen "Studien zur Deportation der Juden aus jeder in dem ewigen Werte seiner Indivi- Deutschland", and den jetzt vorgelegten Auf­ Though this reads well as a publisher's ad­ dualitaet anerkannt, jeder ist, wie das alte vertising gag, its realisation cannot be achiev­ saetzen zur Soziologie und Geschichte, "Die Wort sagt, 'fuer sich ausgepraegt'." Freiheit des Menschen" ueberschrieben. ed in such restricted space. Thus, the result is somewhat regrettable. The general reader who looks for a book useful as a present to his children neces­ Soziologie der Verfolgung Arno Reinfrank sarily feels overwhelmed. The scholar, on the other hand, doesn't get enough infor­ Ein anderes Schluesselwort zu Adlers A COLLECTION OF JEWISH LORE mation from such an over-condensed survey Gesamtwerk und dem Wesentlichen und Not enough for 3,000 Years of so wide a field. One senses that Dr. Jason Fruchtbaren seines neuen Buchs findet sich has much more to offer and suffers from re­ ebenfalls in dem Kapitel ueber "Die Erfah­ The book under review* poses some prob­ strictions possibly coming from a publisher rung der Ohnmacht—Zur Soziologie der lems, because what the volume offers are who tries to treat the Jewish heritage like Verfolgung": "Der Schutz vor dem Ausbruch neither "Maerchen" in the true meaning of that of liny other nation. von Verfolgungen ist auf denselben Wegen the word nor such originated in the State of zu suchen wie der Schutz vor systematisierter Israel. Far from it! Perhaps the fact that Putting aside such negative observations, it Unterdmeckung. Auch hier muss die Gleich­ Dr. Heda Jason's collection of extra-Biblical soon becomes obvious that all stories pre­ heit der Menschen von klar definierten Werten Jewish lore had to fit in a publisher's serial sented have to be read on more than one garantiert werden. Die Verantwortiichen in "Maerchen der Weltliteratur" has been the level. Many contain the quality of the "Ma- der Gesellschaft muessen sich der Rasanz cause for the choice of the misleading title. schal" (Gleiclinis). AH deal with the complex­ bewusst werden, die jede Verfolgung anneh­ ity of the human situation in this world There is some difference of meaning be­ striving for ultimate justice. One must agree men kann, sobald einmal sich ihre ersten tween the old German word "Maer" and the Anzeichen ankuendigen; niemand darf sich with Dr. Jason that these stories, may they English "Fairy Tale". Yet even bigger is the have been preserved in Yiddish, Ladino, ueber ihre Drohungen taeuschen". Zu "klar difference between the German "Maerchen" definierten Werten" muss vorgedmngen und Arabic or Persian, belong to a particular and the Hebrew "Maasse", and as Dr. Jason's "world between the worlds" of visionary sie muessen bewusst gemacht werden; einen collection contains also jocular stories of anderen Weg der Rettung gibt es nicht! So imagination. At times, they evoke in us a abandoned Oriental imagination (wiiich are smile, even a laugh; often they produce a widmet Adler gmndlegende Seiten dem Be­ the original source of the English 'nursery griff der "Masse", wie spaeter demjenigen der shudder of respect because they reveal an liar's stories'), the title becomes still more unshakable religious loyalty. Maybe the days "Freiheit": stets die drohende "Vermassung" confusing. des Menschen vor Augen, ebenso wie seine have gone for ever when a father would "Verwaltung", ohne allerdings das neuzeit­ The book sets out to do a lot but leaves have wished to teU them to his family. May­ liche Ereignis wissenschaftlicher und indus­ the reader with some discontent. In 1927, be, only writers and poets can retain the trieller 'Technik" seinem eigenen Wesen nach Emanuel bin Gorion required no less than wisdom of these stories for incorporation in zur Kenntnis zu nehmen, sei es als Chance, four volumes to present his famous "Jue­ new literary works. It remains the merit of sei es als Gefahr. Eine andere offene Frage dische Sagen und Mythen". Now, in 1976, Dr. Jason that, with the help of her trans­ bleibt diejenige der auf dem Boden der Eugen Diederichs-Verlag attempts to achieve lator Schoschana Gassmann, she has brought Neuzeit gebotenen Methodik des Philosophie- a somewhat similar presentation of a con­ to the attention of her readers also some siderably vaster amount of material in one lesser known evidence of Jewish tradition. rens, deren "Dialogik" — und "Freiheit fuer volume only. It doesn't suffice. Even when den Widerspmch"—Adler nur in seinem Emst Bloch referred to mankind's universal After the upsurge of Leftist antisemitism Kapitel ueber den "Mensch unter Menschen" treasure of sagas, myths and fairy tales as in West Germany, there exists at present allzu beilaeufig beruehrt und mit der irre- an "inventory of inventions not yet made", among young Germans a formidable curios­ fuehrenden Kennzeichnung als Paradoxie. he was missing the point with regard to ity about the spiritual reality of Judaism. A "Auf den Menschen (treffen) gewoehnlich Jewish lore. There is an uniqueness that for­ more adequate collection of myths and sagas einander ausschliessende Saetze widerspruech- bids generalizing treatment. For in the Torah, of old might well liave helped to satisfy Uchen Charakters gleicherweise zu. Positive the probability of inventions is replaced by this desire for knowledge. With the book und negative Erklaerimgen, die sich auf seine the assuredness of the messianic message. under review, such genuine demand is only met to a limited extent. This may be disap­ pointing but it can certainly do no harm— * H. G. Adler: Die Freiheit des Menschen. Aufsaetze zur * Maerehen aua Israel, hrsg. von Heda Jason, ueber- provided the appetite for more has been Soziologie und Geschichte. J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck) seizt von Sch. Gassmann, 312 pp., Eugen Diederichs Tuebingen, 1976. DM 38. Verlag, Duesseldorf. Halbleinen. DM 24.— whetted hy its publication! Page 6 AJR INFORMATION December 1977

H. W. Freyhan BERLIN'S MENDELSSOHN SOCIETT First Decade ot a New Venture A NEW ENGLISH SCHOENBERG An organisation which carries a sumame in its title may easily be taken as a mere association of members of the same family. ASSESSMENT Yet this does not aply to the Mendelssohn Gesellschaft e.V., though it also deals with More than a quarter of a century has passed ance with Schoenberg's wishes—^the forbidding the history of that unique family, whose mem­ since Amold Schoenberg's death, and although detailed investigations which make much of bers included outstanding scholars, artists and much of his output cannot yet claim to attract the relevant literature rather indigestible are men of commerce. the average listener, his status as one of the replaced by simple evaluations and by the In the first place, the Mendelssohn-Gesell­ giants of twentieth-century music is hardly uninhibited focusing of the music's emotional schaft aims at scientific work. Much of what under dispute. His influence has equalled, had been expected when it was founded in message. If this may appear controversial to 1967 has been accomplished, but much more if not overtaken, that of his great rival, some orthodox Schoenbergians it does serve has still to be done. The Society keeps alive Stravinsky, and it is most significant that, the author's purpose to facilitate the ordinary the memory of the achievements of members after Schoenberg's death, even Stravinsky music lover's way to Schoenberg. of the Mendelssohn family, and it also spon­ adopted serialism, the method initiated by Like Richard Strauss and other great inno­ sors scholarly research, publications and musi­ Schoenberg by which a composition (usually, vators, even Schoenberg, the arch-iconoclast, cal functions pertinent to the Mendelssohns. though not necessarily, non-tonal) is based set out from very traditional beginnings, and Its acquisitions, which are usually deposited exclusively on a fixed series of notes. there remained a conservative streak in him in the Mendelssohn Archives of the State Library "Preussicher Kulturbesitz" (Director The universal recognition of Schoenberg's which determines much in his musical Dr. Rudolf Elvers) include many so position is, in a minor way, reflected in the language and becomes very evident if one far unpublished documents. Apart from occa­ fact that the Master Musicians series, which compares him with the extreme radicals of sional original presentations to the members, has been published by J. M. Dent & Sons for the next generation. the Society has produced two volumes of the many decades, has now added a volume on With Stravinsky he has in common a funda­ "Mendelssohn-Studien" (published by Duncker Schoenberg to its collection. (Malcolm mentally religious outlook, although its mani­ & Humblot, Berlin). The subheading of these MacDonald, Schoenberg, London, 1976; £4-25). festations are, of course, widely different. volumes ("Beitraege zur neueren deutschen The choice of composers for this series has Neither his early conversion to Protestantism Kultur- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte") indicates often mirrored the state of musical opinion nor his retum to the Jewish faith in 1933 the wide scope of the publications. Since 1968, the Society has also arranged 50 lectures and in this country; for example, Bruckner and signified dogmatic belief. But the quest for musical performances. The first climax was Mahler did not really come to the fore till a relationship with the Creator, and its reali­ reached in 1972, when the 125th anniversary the 1950s, and even then, the late Hans sation in prayer, is the central theme of some of Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy's death was Redlich was commissioned to deal with both of his most important works. commemorated by a ceremony under the composers in one volume (which has since auspices of the Berlin Senate in the Charlot­ been replaced by two). Strangely enough, Commitment to Judaism tenburg Castle and by a symposium. even Richard Strauss has only recently been Schoenberg's later commitment to the basic The Mendelssohn-Gesellschaft has individual added to the list. tenets of Judaism and to the Jewish people and corporative members and sponsors in Ber­ and its new-bom State is duly recognised by lin, West Germany and abroad. Its chairman Quotations and Data since its foundation has been Dr. C6cile Lowen­ the author. thal-Hensel. E.G.L. One of the assets of the series is its uni­ Schoenberg's general background, the form outlay which greatly facilitates study. Vienna of Kraus, Freud, Kokoschka and LOYALTY TO THE JEWISH CAUSE Each volume abounds in musical quotations, Mahler, is appropriately taken into account. In Memory of Leo and Arthur Lilienthal and it also includes a Calendar which covers His parental home was "on the poorest level every year of the composer's life and lists of the Jewish petit-bourgeoisie". The mother "The Jewish community moums the death the simultaneous dates of his contemporaries. was "deeply attached to the old Jewish of a man, who excelled by the sincerity of Other appendixes provide relevant Personalia, beliefs", while the father's outlook tended to his character and by his capacity of getting be more critical and "iconoclastic". Both on in an amiable spirit with his fellow men. a bibliography and an appropriate discography He was one of our best sons." These were the (in the present volume, with annotations). trends are reflected in the son and are among concluding words of the obituary by the Ber­ There is, of course, a considerable Schoen­ "the many dichotomies that shaped his intel­ lin Jewish Community on the death of Justiz­ berg literature in English. But since lectual development". rat Leo Lilienthal 50 years ago, on September Schoenberg initiated a radically new method Little seems to be known about the motives 20, 1927. A lawyer by profession, and co­ of composing it is not surprising that many which prompted Schoenberg's conversion to author of a handbook on the "Buergerliche commentators have concentrated on this Protestantism in 1898. But it is clear that his Gesetzbuch", he was a board member of the retum to Judaism in 1933 was much more Jewish commimity from 1897 onwards, and aspect and have felt obliged to probe into from 1902-1919, "Gemeindesyndikus". The tbe technicalities of his system. than a reaction to Nazi persecution: as early as 1926 he had written a play Der biblische creation of an administrative modern mach­ Malcolm MacDonald's departure from this inery which answered to the requirements Weg which deals with the search for a new of Uie large Community which during that approach could hardly be more emphatic. Palestine, and in 1930 he began work on the Confessing that he has simply loved Schoen­ period had grown from 150,000 to 172,000 opera Moses und Aron, which was to become members was, to high extent, his work. berg's music from an early age onwards he the most outstanding glorification of Judaism He was also a member of the Presidium sets out to proceed "from the basis of the by any composer of his rank. This was fol­ of the Prussian Landesverband of Jewish simple experience of listening for enjoyment". lowed by his Kol Nidre in 1938 and A Sur­ Communities, founded in 1922 and of its He states frankly that his aim is "to explain vivor from Warsaw in 1947 (culminating in preceding body, the "Verband der deutschen and popularise Schoenberg", and he adds the Shema Yisroel of the doomed Jews). His Juden" which existed from 1904-1919 and modestly: "I do not imagine he would have whose main object was to have the Jewish last completed works were a setting of communities put on the same footing as the approved of it; but I am sanguine enough Dreimal Tausend Jahre, a poem inspired by to hope I have done him no injustice." I am Christian churches. the rebirth of Israel, and De Profundis, a Leo Lilienthal's loyalty to the Jewish cause not so sure that Schoenberg, who hoped that Hebrew setting of the 130th Psalm. was inherited by his son. Dr. Arthur Lilien­ his tunes would one day be whistled, would In summing up Schoenberg's personality the thal. Due to his outstanding professional have altogether disapproved of the author's author links the persecution of Ills music with gifts, Arthur Lilienthal had become a "Land­ intention. that of his race. Often (though not always) gerichtsrat" at a very early age. After his The biographical section occupies less than the composer was faced with a combination dismissal in 1933, he was appointed General a quarter of the book. The bulk of it Ls re­ of both, and these lifelong experiences tumed Secretary of the newly established "Reichs­ served for discussion of the music itself, and vertretung". Together with his wife, Resi (n6e him into a fanatical flghter who was apt to Hirsch), he voluntarily stayed in Germany, it is gratifying for the student to find each be intolerant to the point of arrogance, e.g. and both were deported to the East in 1942. erf the works covered (only the theoretical in his conflict with Thomas Mann over Doktor treatises get less than their due). E.G.L. Faustus. But he was himself conscious of POSTHUMOUS AWARD OF LEO-BAECK It is undeniable that the wish to "popu­ such traits and called them "my own defects". PRIZE larise" Schoenberg colours the author's com­ He is certainly not alone among great com­ ments. Wherever possible, tonal trends and posers in having his character shaped by a The Central Council of Jews in Germany even faint relics of tonality are emphasised, has posthumously awarded the 1977 Leo-Baedc bitter struggle for recognition, fortified only Prize for special achievements in the Jewish, as is Schoenberg's adherence to traditional by an overwhelming sense of mission. scientific or humanitarian field to the late stmctures in some of the more radical works. (A programme on Schoenberg, in two in­ Professor Dr. Josef Neuberger who retumed Analysis of serial procedure is not altogether stalments, was recently broadcast on BB02 from Israel to Germany and became Minister eschewed, but—and this is certainly in accord­ Television,) of Justice for Northrhine-Westfalia. AJR INFORMATION December 1977 Page 7

Robert Weltsch of books, and one of them, Esther Marx, later married the poet Agnon. Agnon plays a prominent role in the story of Zionist life in Berlin during the war, and AN OCTOGENARIAN REMEMBERS so does Salman Rubaschoff (Shazar), who forty years later became the third President of the State of Israel. Both these men were Gershom Scholem recounts his Youth very near to Scholem, and through Agnon he also entered the circle of Hebrew poets and literateurs who for some time during the When on a beautiful summer evening late late in life when Gerhard's stupendous suc­ 'twenties established a centre of Hebrew litera­ in June this year Gershom and Fanya Scholem cess in his own field impressed also the quite ture at Bad Homburg near Frankfurt. came to see me and my wife in Jerusalem, differently organised old man. Scholem has a stupendous talent for Gerhard (as we stiU call him) announced Scholem's book opens with a short sketch characterising persons with a few words in triumphantly that on that very day he had of interesting family history which goes back a most striking manner. To quote only one despatched the completed manuscript of the to the beginning of the nineteenth century example: of his attractive cousin Lony, one autobiography of his youth, on which he had in Pmssia's Eastem provinces from where of the few relations who were descendants been working at speed for several weeks, to most Berlin Jews originated. Gerhard's youth of a mixed marriage, he says that although the exclusion of everything else, to his Ger­ was spent at the city centre of old Berlin, she never reacted directly to Gerhard's out­ man publisher in Frankfurt who had under­ near Janowitzbriicke and Spittelmarkt; later, pourings she was the ideal listener: "She taken to publish it on Scholem's eightieth the family moved westward. The grandfather lived somewhere outside the world, but live birthday, December 5. was a printer and two of his sons followed she did" (p. 143). Scholem has a curious sensitivity for the him in this vocation. Not only Gerhard's father Among the men who at that time played calendar and generally for the mystery of Arthur, but also his uncle Theobald, were an important part in Scholem's life was, of numbers. A few years ago, when we met in owners of a printing press. The one founded course, Martin Buber whom he frequently Jemsalem, this time at his house, he had by his grandfather, who as a Wagnerian visited at Heppenheim and from whom he just received the page-proofs of the English adopted the name of Siegfried Scholem, was received many suggestions. On the other hand, language version of his gigantic major opus, managed by his two uncles with whom later there were also disappointing encounters with the Life of Sabbatai Tsevi, the Mystical Mes­ Gerhard's two elder brothers were associated. eccentrics such as Robert Eisler or Gustav siah of the seventeenth century (Routledge I remember well these localities in Schoneberg Meyrink. Decisive for young Scholem was his London) and was flabbergasted that the num­ Hauptstrasse, management and sympathetic perusal of all thirteen volumes of Graetz's ber of the pages of this work amounted and loyal labour force which was deeply "History of the Jews". He became an exactly to one thousand. Was that chance shocked when the Nazis came to power. For admirer of Graetz but he did not accept his or had it some deeper meaning? You never twenty years I saw them all twice a week mockery and condemnation of Kabbala and Imow when dealing with a man so deeply when I was editor of Juedische Rundschau of everything linked with Jewish mysticism. involved in Kabbala. Anyhow, this summer he which was printed there. Gerhard was attached In spite of Graetz who called the Zohar a was cheerfully looking forward to his forth­ to his uncle Theobald who was the only Zion­ "book of lies", Scholem embarked on a coming jubilee. Actually, I had conspired with ist in the family and also the one who settled thorough study of this controversial book. At Fanya a few days earlier to obtain from her down with his wife and cliildren in Palestine the end of this road, as we know, was confidentially a lesser known picture of her after 1933. Scholem's professorship of Kabbala at the multi-photographed husband, to be published Young Gerhard was a keen observer, critical Hebrew University of Jerusalem and his for the occasion in the current Year Book supreme mastery of the subject. (1977) of the Leo Baeck Institute among whose of his family's way of life. He mistmsted the Founding Fathers (in 1954) Gerhard is to belief in assimilation which German Jews at But this lies already beyond the orbit of be counted. I suspect that despite the secrecy the peak of the liberal era took for granted the present book in which the reader will Gerhard participated in the selection—any­ as the joint object of German and Jewish find many fascinating surprises and revela­ how, the Year Book was published with re­ society. Gerhard instinctively regarded this tions. It is a unique document of the adven­ markable speed last month, with the photo­ as a momentous self-deception. In his view tures of the Jewish mind in the twentieth graph in it. The publisher Suhrkamp also Jews of his mUieu were misled by what Ibsen century, albeit rather unconventional and in managed to bring the new book out even had called the Lebensluege. This required a no way typical. No wonder that Gershom several weeks in advance of the appointed radical answer. Gerhard was in touch with Scholem has been involved in not a few dis­ date; so we have now before us Scholem's Zionists but he was full of contempt for Zion­ putes. Yet, in the long run he has emerged Jugenderinnerungen*), prettily printed, in the ist youth organisations who spent their time victorious, and also most of his opponents same shape as the previous three of four roaming German woods and singing German of days past are now joining his old friends volumes of the author's Judaica collections, songs. A quite different effort was required. and admirers in saluting him on his eightieth and we have the advantage not to be depend­ As-an adolescent Gerhard was rather unin­ birthday, as we do, and wishing him—apart ent on our own memory, but to be able to hibited and even aggressive, he did not from good health for himself and Fanya, of rely on his own confessions for the sake of mince words when defending his views and course—more years of creative vigour. appreciating the most spectacular and un­ enjoyed being provocative in order to avoid paralleled Werdegang of a Berlin-bom Jewish ambiguity. Yet, he was well liked in Zionist boy from an assimilated German middle-class society as an enfant terrible; nobody took RICHARD CROSSMAN CHAIR milieu, who at eighty may be classified as real offence, and in hindsight he has smoothed AT HAIFA UNIVERSITY one of the highest-ranking Hebrew scholars his own uncompromising attitude although never renouncing his principles. He made the A Richard Crossman Memorial Chair of of his time. Social Welfare Policy and Planning is to be highest and most severe demands on himself set up at Haifa University. It will have its Yet, do not be afraid. Scholem is a superb and his small circle called Jung Juda. First raconteur. This book by the grand old man own mobile social work laboratory and attempt of all, he devoted fifteen hours a week to to bridge the gap between Sephardi and of Jewish mysticism does not abound in the study of Hebrew. His whole Werdegang Ashkenazi communities as well as between obscure mysteries and esoteric riddles; it is, in this Sturm und Drang period is related Jews and Arabs in Israel. Money for the in fact, a most charming and amusing book, in detail, his studies in Berlin with gentle Chair is being raised in Birmingham by the full of a mixture of Jewish and Berlin Rabbiner Bleichrode (who later had to con­ B'nai B'rith Lodge and other organisations. humour, written in the author's incomparable fess that he was unable to interpret a kabbal­ (Crossman was M.P. for Coventry.) The Bir­ lucid, poignant style, with a vivid sense for mingham Lodge is twinned with the Lodge in istic text) and subsequently with prominent Haifa, and the Haifa University has modelled the vicissitudes and paradoxes of life and the German orientalists at German universities, its own library on the highly efficient one comedie humaine. At the same time, it is an principally at Munich, who also were not of Birmingham University. adventure story, the Entwicklungsroman of a always up to his own standard. The most man who from the first moment of his intel­ interesting part of his story during this period lectual awakening has known his goal and MORE JUDGEMENTS AGAINST is the description of his meetings with per­ EXTREMISTS who went on undisturbed, often at consider­ sonalities, his friendships and relationships. able risk. At the age of twenty he was cast To the most important and influential friend­ At Tiibingen, 40-year-old Karlheinz Hoffmann out by his father who wanted him to choose ship, that with Walter Benjamin and his wife received a suspended prison sentence of three a solid business career and could not under­ Dora, Scholem has devoted a separate book. years and a fine of DM 2,000, because as stand his follies, until the reconciliation came leader of the extreme Right "Wehrsport- Of the many others whom I cannot all enum­ gruppe Hoffmann" he had led attacks on a erate here, I want to mention only the Marx number of umversity students which degener­ *) Gershom Scholem: Von Berlin nach Jerusalem. Jugend- family from Konigsberg, of which several ated into messy fights. Two of his guards were crtnnerungen. Suhrkamp Verlag. Frankfurt. 1977. 220 pp. members were Hebrew scholars and collectors sentenced to doing 80 and 100 hours of work (Bibliothek Suhrkamp). DM 14-80. for the Red Cross. Page 8 AJR INFORMATION December 1977 ments would not reflect the warmth of your own feelings as a brother and the affection BIRTHDAY TmBUTES TO FRAM E. FALK in which you are held by your own fellow brothers—hence the form of a letter which DEVOTION AND RELIABILITY SERVICE TO ZIONISM the editor has permitted me to commit to print. On December 2, Dr. Frank E. Falk, Vice- Friend Falk, or to give him Iiis full name and style: Dr. Frank Edgar Falk, F.C.A., The motto of B'nai B'rith is Benevolence, Chairman of the AJR, will celebrate his 70th Brotherly Love and Harmony, and if any of birthday. Among the numerous Jewish causes F.T.I.I., is one of the rare people who, after having achieved prominence and iiigh office these principles should particularly apply to with which he is associated, the AJR holds a your work on behalf of the Lodge, it would special position. He has been a member of its in Jewish communal organisations still con­ tinues to do practical work at grass roots be Benevolence — defined "disposition to do Executive since 1953 and in 1962 was elected good", and expressing kindness, charity and, Hon. Treasurer. He held this office for 14 level. He gives unstintingly of his vast know­ ledge and experience and is a glutton for literally, goodwill towards your fellow men, years until, in 1976, he became the Vice- and, in particular, your brothers and sisters Chairman of the organisation. At the same work. The AJR, B'nai B'rith and some others can amply testify to this. We concentrate on of the Order. You joined the Lodge at a time, he has been one of the three Trastees mature age, in 1960, and if you commit your­ of the AJR Charitable Trast since its incep­ one other aspect of his voluntary work: Zion­ ism. Long before he reached this country in self to a cause, you do it wholeheartedly. tion in 1960. When, a few months ago, a This was recognised by your brothers, and special Sub-Committee of the Executive was 1939, he was already an active Zionist in his native Germany. He was responsible for the within a relatively short time you were elected founded to consider constractive social to the highest office which the Leo Baeck schemes to be carried out with the aid of the Keren Hayesod in the whole area of North West Germany and also in charge of the Lodge could offer—its Presidency, which you AJR Charitable Trust, Dr. Falk became its held from 1965 to 1967. Since then you have chairman. Lastly, as readers will have seen Palestine Office of the Jewish Agency in the Port of Hamburg. Arriving here, his first continued your work for the Lodge not as from the front page article of this issue, a grey eminence nor as a back-seat driver, he was recently elected Joint Chairman of contribution to British Zionism was to assist in the founding of the Theodor Herzl Society. but as an elder statesman, always available the world-wide Council of Jews from Germany. for active work and wise counsel, but never This list of offices in itself indicates the World War II saw him in H.M. Forces. On pushing yourself into the limelight of mere amount of work he does for the AJR. Yet ills retum from active service (i)esides re- publicity. studying from German Lawyer to British of still greater importance is the spirit of Your particular efforts were devoted to devotion and reliability by which the fulfil­ Accountant) Falk did much to intensify the work of the Theodor Herzl Society; he was practical work in the Lodge's Finance and ment of his duties excels. An exact worker Scholarship Committees, its Old Age Fund, with a strong sense of detail, administrative not only a permanent (always re-elected) member of their Executive, but on frequent its home for the elderly, and the Day Centre work is for him not an end in itself. It is for the over-sixties. Your legal training and based on a deeply rooted Jewish conscious­ occasions their Chairman and, as far as it can be recalled, always their Treasurer. experience in accountancy were of particular ness. The son of the chairman of the Duessel­ help in revising the lodge's constitution and dorf Jewish community, who held office until Yet soon he also became known in the in the formation of a housing association; 1941 and courageously carried out his duty leading circles of the Zionist Federation, your commitment to Israel found expression until the burden became unbearable for him, serving on the Organisation Committee of the in engaging the Lodge's full support for the Fritz (as he then was) Falk was active in ZF and duly elected by Conference to the Ir Ganim Library and Youth Centre, a project a local group of the "Verband juedischer National Executive. As a much respected of our sister lodge, the David Yellin Lodge Jugendvereine", and this was the start of his Honorary Officer of the Zionist Federation of Jerusalem. career as a Jewish communal worker. he serves with distinction on some of those He is in almost daily contact with the AJR "back room" committees which never catch Of greatest importance was your work for office, attending to general and individual ques­ the eye of the public but are influential and the Lodge's Cultural Activities Committee— tions of the AJR and the AJR Charitable essential to the smooth working of the Federa­ programme building for our weekly meetings, Trust. Above all, he acts in a voluntary capa­ tion like the Finance Committee and the Con­ which only you, so intensely involved in Jew­ city as the expert spokesman of the Nazi stitution Committee. Here we must stop; other­ ish life and entertaining so many Beziehungen, victims in questions of taxation. Many legisla­ wise the list grows inordinately long. United could achieve. But foremost, it was your tive improvements are, to a large extent, due Zionists, Zion House and many other activi­ tolerant outlook which on many occasions to his efforts. One outstanding example is ties of Falk must be left out. helped us to smooth over controversial issues the 50 per cent tax exemption of certain pay­ All of us wish him health and happiness which inevitably arise in an organisation of ments to Nazi victims under the Finance Act on this very special birthday. May we all, for several hundred members of all factions of 1974. Tliis joumal also constantly benefits from a very long time to come, continue to be the Jewish community. his ability to explain legally complicated able phoning him to suggest a special task Needless to say, your merits soon brought regulations in a manner understandable to the and to receive the inevitable reply: "I certainly you "promotion" to office in B'nai B'rith lay reader. will do it, but you must give me time. I always District 15, the roof organisation comprising As a personality shaped by his Jewishness, work until 2 a.m. and cannot work any longer". some sixty lodges in Great Britain and Ireland, he has always also been greatly concemed All his friends thank Friend Falk for this. and you became a member of the District with the wider issues of the community in the GEORGE H. TRENTER Executive (at that time called Grand Lodge) spiritual field such as the annual Jewish Book in 1966. You are now holding the office of Week and the rallies in memory of the Holo­ STALWART B'NAI E'RITH GUIDE its National Treasurer. Your acumen in finan­ caust, and he represents the AJR on the com­ cial matters and wisdom in handling public mittees concerned with these issues. His un­ Dear Frank, affairs now benefits B'nai B'rith in its widest tiring co-operation with his colleagues in the This issue of AJR Information would not aspects and assists the further expansion of AJR has also resulted in cordial personal be complete without a tribute to you as one this dynamic organisation. of the leading members of B'nai B'rith, the relations with them. It is our ardent wish A great American has recently been quoted that he will continue his work in health and worldwide fratemal benevolent order, and in particular, the Leo Baeck (London) Lodge, as saying: "To be seventy years young is some­ happiness during tbe new decade of his life. times far more cheerful and hopeful than to WERNER ROSENSTOCK one of its most important constituent lodges, the majority of whose members share the be forty years old." May your youthful out­ origin, tradition and ideals of the AJR. Merely look, combined with the wisdom of maturity, enumerating your merits and your achieve- continue to benefit B'nai B'rith and, tiirough BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE it, the community at large. With fraternal greetings. SI Belsize Square, London, N.W.3 Yours affectionately, BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER ARNOLD HORWELL SYNAGOGUE SERVICES Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS CAMPS are held regulariy on the Eve of Sabbath Always interested in purchasing and Festivals at 6.30 p.m. and on the day INTERNMENT—P.O.W_ well-preserved instruments FORCED LABOUR—KZ at 11 a.m. I wisli to buy cards, envelopes and folded poSalzburg to teach in the Mozarteum. A few the abode of Otto Schiff House, started already many years, he was editor of the London months ago, she paid a visit to London and when the house was still run as Winter's bureau of the Jewish Telegraphic Agency, and those of her former friends and acquaintances Hotel and the late Rabbi Dr. David Winter, now, notwithstanding his age, he still carries who met her on that occasion, were pleased to his family and many of its guests became his out his daily work at the Federation of Jewish Relief Organisations, addresses meet­ notice that age has left no mark on her. We patients. In 1955, the house was opened as ings and writes articles. In gratitude for his wish her many more years of unimpaired the first Home for the Aged, jointly admin­ often experienced helpfulness we wish him health and strength to continue her work as a istered by the CBF and the AJR. Since then, many happy returns of the day. great artist. throughout the past 22 years, he has regularly held his weekly consulting hours in the Home. PRIZE FOR ERICH FRIED He increased iiis burden, when, in 1962, BISHOP MONTEFIORE Osmond House was established to accommo­ Author Erich Fried who came to this coun­ date those elderly people who, iu view of The controversial new Bishop of Birming­ their frailty, needed additional care and ham, Dr Hugh Montefiore, is a collateral of try as a refugee from Vienna in 1938, re­ attention. Dr. Goldscheider rendered his Sir Moses Montefiore and was converted to ceived the "Seven Publishers' Prize" awarded services also to Osmond House for nine years; Christianity at 17 when a student at Rugby. for the first time at this year's Frankfurt His brother, Mr. Denzil Sebag-Montefiore is book-fair, for a volume of poems "100 poems he then, regretfully, had to give up this part president of the Spanish and Portuguese of his work, because he found that the care Jews' Congregation, and a cousin, Mr. Harold without a country" which will be published by for both homes became too much. Sebag-Montefiore, is a past president of the seven Left-wing publishers from various Anglo-Jewish Association. He has been known countries, including Britain, France, Italy, and Yet this bare enumeration of facts does not to describe himself as a "Jewish Christian" Germany. do full justice to Dr. Goldscheider's work. It and to have said: "I was born a Jew and will is in the nature of a Home for the Elderly always be one". COUNCIL OF CHRISTLANS AND JEWS that the proportion of emergency visits is particularly high. Furthermore, his co-opera­ At the annual meeting of the Council of tion is also invaluable because, having been a Christians and Jews, the joint presidents, the refugee himself, he knows the background, Archbishops of Canterbury and Westminster language and mentality of the residents. He and the Chief Rabbi asked for support for the also always makes it a point to visit both the CouncU's appeal for £250,000 to appoint sorely residents and his other patients when they needed staff, especially Christian and Jewish are in hospital. Overconne the problem of dry air in education officers who would be able to go His interests and accomplishments outside stuffy honnes and offic'esi into the schools. Chief Rabbi Jakobovits said For your fieaith's sake and that of your the medical profession are very widespread pets, piano, furniture, antiques, paintings they all had to strive to ensure that every indeed; they cover the fields of literature, ADO the required moisture with an citizen felt at home in Britain. Jews sincerely painting and music. He acquu-ed literary fame echoed the emphasis the Archbishop of Canter­ by his correspondence with Else Lasker- bury laid on the central role of the family Schueler, who was a great friend of his. It in society. Mr. Edmund de Rothschild retired was one of the habits of this poetess, who after 20 years as joint treasurer and was constantly Uved in a state of tension between elected a vice-president. His successor is Sir reality and fantasy, to address her friends Sigmund Stemberg, who is also appeal chair­ in her letters with sobriquets. One of the man. Mr. Brynmor John, MP, Minister of State sobriquets she used in letters to Dr. Gold­ at the Home Office, said no country was free scheider was "Mein lieber gestreifter Tiger", EGRO HUMIDIFIER of racial and religious problems, and Britain's and this became the title of one collection of (made in Switzerland) record was favourable compared with many her correspondence. Further letters to him are Simple to use. Models available for all published in another collection, "Die Wolken- types of heating. Phone or writa for frae other countries. The abolition of the National braecke". All of them reflect her gratitude •ikplanatory leaflet to Front would not mean that racialism had been to him for his human understanding and THE HUMIDIFIER CO. overcome. Newly elected members of the 25 Bridga Road. Wemljtey P«ik, CouncU include Lady Karminski, Rabbi Harry deep perception. Dr. Goldscheider has put the Middlesex, HAS SAB originals of the letters at the disposal of Tiilephone: 01-9047603 (ast.1S58) Jacobs, Mr. Greville Janner, MP, and Mr Fred the Else Lasker-Schueler Archives, admin­ Worms. Page 10 AJR INFORMATION December 1977

Margot Pottlitaer believes in the Fiihrer and he is sure that "the Fuhrer is perfectly able and willing to choose between the good and the undesirable Jewish elements". The end has indeed come. MEMORIES OF A TRAGIC FRIENDSHIP Through aU his life, Hans is haunted by the memory of this friendship. After the war A Jewish childhood in Germany he finds out what has happened to Konradin after they parted. It is a surprising cathartic It is a strange phenomenon that to many happens to Schwarz, could have happened to ending to a modem fairy-tale which it would Jews who left Germany in the early days of Uhlman in 1917, when he was 16, but not, be churlish to reveaL "Reunion" is a fairy­ the Nazi regime, the image they have retained surely not, in 1932. The little story, a tale with all its elements of cruelty and heart­ of their country of origin, has frozen at the "Novelle" in the continental meaning of the break, and as with all fairy-tales it is necessary moment of departure. Of course they are word, is beautifully written, particularly when to suspend one's disbelief and to be convinced aware of what happened later, but they seem the author describes in a very few words the that it happened "once upon a time". . . . strangely unable to visualise that it happened beauty of the Swabian countryside and the to and was done by people they had known view of Stuttgart from the surrounding hills. intimately. This is particularly trae of people To us, however, who indeed went to school from Southem or Westem Germany where in those years before 1933, it is not wholly RACIAL DEBATE IN SCHOOLS for generations their forebears had actually credible. Boys of 16 may have been less sophis­ AND UNTVERSITIES shared the life of their Gentile neighbours ticated than their present-day counterparts, and identified with them to a remarkable de­ but, alas, long before 1933, politics were not The School of Oriental and African Studies has been referred to the Commission for Racial gree. Baden and Wuerttemberg in particular something that occurred outside the school Equality for "infringement of current race remained impervious to Nazi teachings for a walls. When Uhlman went to school, a friend­ relations legislation". The school's Students very long time, and ties formed at school or ship in which his Jewish background was not Union had decided to "deny facilities and in professional life took a long time to break discussed for months, may have been just union funds to societies which propagate and were not infrequently reformed after the possible. In the early 'Thirties it was not. Even Israeli propaganda". The union's publication war. then, the 16-year-old read newspapers, and even officer, Peter Johnson, said this was ridicu­ One of these early emigrants is the painter if the Nazis were still in a minority in Stutt­ lous, there was no discrimination against Jew­ Fred Uhlman who left his native Stuttgart gart, there must have been boys who wore the ish students or societies, but only against swastika under their lapels and went to party explicitly Zionist societies. Other student where he was a successful young lawyer, in unions with anti-Israeli policies are Salford, 1933, but who has never ceased to love his meetings. Not all of them, but some. . . . Lancaster and Essex universities, Bangor and birthplace, the landscape of his youth and the Hans Schwarz describes just one year, the Swansea university colleges and North Lon­ memories it holds for him. He is convinced last in Germany, of his school life. Like don, Lancaster and Teeside Polytechnics. At that the roots of his art go back to that Uhlman he goes to the venerable Eberhard- Liverpool University, a pro-Israel motion was countryside. He was bom in 1901. His family Ludwigs Gymnasium, the oldest in Wuerttem­ carried by 182 votes to 46. had lived in Stuttgart for many years, in berg. He is the son of a Jewish doctor, and At the North-East London Polytechnic fewer friendly contact with Jews and non-Jews alike. the descendant of generations of rabbis, though than 130 of 4,000 students were present at a There was not a great deal of overt anti­ his family is "emancipated". The mother goes meeting which voted 66 to 55 to ban Zionist semitism when he was young. When he had activities. Student leaders described the pre­ to synagogue on the High Holy-days and sings ceding debate as sickening and hate-filled. The to give up his profession, he left for Paris and "Stille Nacht" at Christmas. His father neither resolution, proposed by members of the started on a new career as a gifted painter. smokes nor travels on Jewish Holy-days, be­ Trotskyist Socialist Workers' Party, con­ Soon afterwards, he came to England, married cause he does not want to hurt other peoples' demned Zionism as racism and opposed plans an English girl, the sister of a peer, and in feelings. He has fought in the First World War by the National Union of Students to ban 1938 settled with her in Downshire Hill, Hamp­ and wears his Iron Cross with pride. A fervent unions which put restrictions on Jewish stead, where he still lives, though nowadays patriot and anti-Zionist, he eventually prefers societies. Despite the restriction on their he also has a retreat in Wales. suicide to emigration. In 1932, however, aged rights, Jewish students at the Polytechnic have 16, Hans forms a passionate idealist friendship to pay a £27 membership fee a year. ^• From Stuttgart to Hampstead Timothy Goodwin, student president at the with handsome Konradin von Hohenfels, scion Polytechnic, said he would try to reverse the of one of the oldest and most illustrious policy at a public meeting. The Uhlman's home became a haven for families of the Wuerttemberg nobility. The persecuted artists. Three years ago, the Hamp­ The Barking Community Relations Council boys share an interest in Holderlin and coin- has complained to the Attorney General about stead Artists Council held an exhibition collecting and together they roam through the a children's newspaper, "Bulldog", publishea "Hampstead in the Thirties — a committed beautiful countryside. Hans reminisces: "He by the National Front and distributed among decade" at the Camden Arts Centre which came into my life in Febraary, 1932 and never schoolchildren. The paper encourages it| revealed the great part refugee artists played left it again. ... He was to be the source of readers to "spread the racialist word" ana in those days. Mrs. Diana Uhlman contributed my greatest happiness and of my greatest distribute Front literature in schools. Its an article to the catalogue which described despair". editor is Joe Pearce, a 16-year-old student at her own, her husband's and her brother's the South Bank Polytechnic. Mr. Eric Moon­ efforts to rescue as many artists as possible The happiness does not last long. Konradin man, MP, has also asked the Attomey General from persecution and worse. Together with a fights a losing battle to shield his friendship to prosecute the paper under the Race R^!^ number of leading English artists, they set up from his family's hostility. His mother loathes tions Act. He said he was very angry that the Jews and has a picture of the Fiihrer on her Department of Education had done nothing to the "Artists Refugee Committee" and founded get the paper banned from schools. the "Kulturbund"—^which was later to play a dressing-table. The crunch comes when one evening they meet at the opera and Konradin, Over 100 pupils, aged from 13 to 18, took prominent part—not only in cultural matters, part in the first annual conference of Jewi?" alas! Between twenty and thirty artists from surrounded by his family, cuts his friend. When Hans reproaches him the day after, he pupils at public schools. A Harrow pupil saia Germany, Austria and Czechoslovakia were there had been little change in the amount oi brought over by the committee—^they included bursts out: "I've had to fight for every hour antisemitism at the school which was not basea Kokoschka, Schwitters and John Heartfield I've spent with you. . . . Don't look at me on the political situation outside the school, who lived with the Uhlmans for five years. with those stricken dogs' eyes. Do you want to but on ignorance. A pupil at Haberdashers blame me for the ways of the world? Isn't it Aske's said there had been an enormous in"JJ* Some years ago, Fred Uhlman wrote an time we both grew up, gave up dreaming and of Jewish pupils during the past few y^^' autobiography "The making of an English­ faced reality? You expect too much from sim­ One form had only two non-Jewish boys. Tnis man" which showed him to be almost as good ple mortals, my dear Hans". And, looking had led to more polarisation of attitudes, but a writer as a painter. Now he has written back, Hans comments: "It was the beginning the headmaster was very pro-Jewish. At Hign- another book "Reunion"* to which Arthur gate, "Jewish Circle", the time set aside tor of the end. The long crael process of uproot­ Jewish activities was compulsory. At St. Paui 5 Koestler has written an introduction, saying ing had begun". School, however, where there were some i"" that he considers it a minor masterpiece, Jewish boys, only some nine or ten go to written in a nostalgic minor key. Nostalgic it A new teacher introduces National Socialism Jewish prayers. The High Master had . noi certainly is, and very moving, too. It is written into the teaching of history, and the class, agreed to the formation of a Jewish Society- in the first person and it obviously contains hitherto philistine and a-political, begins to autobiographical elements. However Hans persecute Hans and make his life unbearable. Schwarz, the narrator, was bom in 1916, and His father decides to send him to America A TRANSLATOR OF BRECHT Uhlman in 1901. This is the point where where he finishes his education and becomes The play "The Days of the Commune" by memory begins to play its tricks. What a successful lawyer. There is a last letter Bertolt Brecht which is in the repertoire of tne from Konradin, saying that Hans is right to Royal Shakespeare Theatre at the Aldwych m * Fred Uhiman. Reunion. Collins & Harvlll Press, London leave, but that there is no reason why he London, has been translated by our contributor 1977. 112 pp. £2-50. should not come back later. He himself now Amo Reinfrank together with Clive Barker. AJR INFORMATION December 1977 Page 11

Egon Laraen and malicious gossip; all the people he met seemed to have been atrocious characters. The last page of Blumenfeld's book des­ HATRED: A REFUGEE'S PLEASURE cribes, so morbidly and luridly that one has much difficulty reading it, his own death. In Want to read a thoroughly nasty book? Then in the summer of 1918 to join his fiancee in fact, he died shortly after finishing his book— I recommend Erwin Blumenfeld's Durch Holland, but was caught and sent back to the the story of a loveless, bitter refugee who tausendjdhrige Zeit, published by a smallish front. After the armistice he made his own appears to have had only one lifelong desire: Swiss firm, Verlag Huber in Frauenfeld, at 28 way back to Berlin, and somehow got into to opt out of life, of a world that had offered Swiss francs. There is a good reason why no the "Dada" circle: Herzfelde and Heartfield, him only one real pleasure—^hate. big German publisher wanted to touch it—^the Hiilsenbeck, Mehring, George Grosz, Piscator, book is rather strong meat, unfit for general Mynona, Benn, Gumpert. After an orgy in human consumption. The title is a quote from Grosz' studio he left Germany for ever, went TEACHING THE HISTORY OF THE Ringelnatz, whom the author knew; but secretly over the Dutch frontier and joined THIRD REICH Blumenfeld might have used, more appro­ his fiancee. They married and started a shop f priately, Byron's famous line: "Hatred is by for leather goods in Amsterdam. After seven­ Berlin Radio recently broadcast a discus­ far the longest pleasure". teen years' business efforts they went bank­ sion on the teaching of the history of the In 427 pages, Blumenfeld describes his rupt The Blumenfeld's escaped to Paris—not Third Reich in present-day German schools. twentieth-century Odyssey as a German Jew from the Nazis, who were now in power in Dieter Bossmann, a teachers' training expert, Germany, but from their creditors—and he said that he had investigated a number of and refugee in Holland, France, and America, students' essays between October 1976 and which he all hated although his life was a became a photographer. April 1977 and come to the conclusion that rags-to-riches story par excellence. It began Tliis was what he had always wanted to be, there was an overwhelming lack of know­ with what he calls his "concentration camp but experts and editors who had seen his work ledge about National Socialism and that stud­ mother's womb" after having been conceived had all discouraged him because of lack ents did not want to know about it, either. in a Berlin carriage which was taking his of talent. Now, as a bankrupt refugee in an The only thing that transpired was a personal parents home from a Tristan performance in unfriendly Paris, he proved them wrong. He interest in Hitler and a degree of admiration 1896. From then on, he hated his mother (in­ must have been quite a ladies' man, for he for his so-called achievements. Another speaker said the school had to overcome pre­ cluding her constant cough—she died of tuber­ always found females who helped him through judices implanted in young people at home culosis), and later all women he met, as well as French society and business circles to estab­ and in youth organisations. Many people were his fellow-Jews, tiie Germans, the homosexuals, lish his reputation; but he also must have been even afraid of talking freely about their own the businessmen; in short, everybody, last not an excellent and original photographer for attitude to the events in the Third Reich. least himself. To explain why, he makes up fashions, portraits, publicity and the like, and Heinz Galinski, president of the Berlin Jew­ stories, such as a half-dozen pages long render­ soon he worked for Vogue, where Cecil Beaton ish community, said that many teachers had ing of obscenities to which, he says, the introduced him. Yet he despised his clients, themselves an anti-Israel attitude and tried people in the rag-trade treated iiim as an as he despised all Paris. However, it all lasted to influence their pupils accordingly. He had apprentice (I never heard anything like it also been told by a schoolchild that the history only until the Second World War began. of National Socialism was only part of the during my own time at the Hausvogteiplatz). curriculum of the last year at school. Of course he liated the First World War in Intemment in France which he took part as an army driver, with a short spell as cashier and bookkeeper of a The French put him in an internment camp soldiers' brothel in France. He tried to desert after a local newspaper had denounced him as the "German parachutist Blumenfeld". It was a graelling time, but eventually he man­ aged to get out and obtain a U.S. visa. With his family, he escaped via Spain and North Africa, and landed in New York. And again, starting from less than scratch, he succeeded in getting to the top—in a New York he des­ cribes as a city of drag addicts, alcoholics, DUNBEE-COMBEX-MARX profiteers, and senile millionaires ruling in­ dustry, economy, politics. It is a grotesque and morose caricature of a society which LTD. helped him to become one of the l)est known and most highly paid photographers in America, contributing to Life, Look, Harper's Bazaar, Colliers, Esquire and other world- famous joumals. But all he tells us about this period is nastiness, unpleasant experiences.

Dunbee House 117 Great Portland Street, London, W.l

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TELEX. 53/79 Highgate Road. London, NWS 1RR INT. TELEX 2-3540 choose Hallgcuien—Choose Fine Wines Page 12 AJR INFORMATION December 1977 SIR MICHAEL BALCON IN MEMORIAM One of the pioneers of the British film industry. Sir Michael Balcon, has died at the PETER BLACHSTEIN LUDWIG ROSENBERG age of 81. He was educated at Jewish schools in Birmingham, and was helped by Oscar Peter Blachstein—bom in Dresden in 1911— The former chairman of the West German Deutsch who set up the Odeon cinema chain for some years played an active part in the Trade Union Federation, Mr. Ludwig Rosen­ and the Ostrer brothers to make his firs* D.J.J.G. (Deutsch - Juedische - Jugendgemein­ berg, has died in Dusseldorf, aged 74. He was successful films. In 1938 he joined Ealing schaft) and in the "Werkleute" (Kameraden). bom in Berlin and, in 1928, he became a full- studios and made several films with Conrao In 1929 he joined the S.A.P. (Sozialistische time official of the Clerical Workers Union. Veidt. After the war, he made the highly Arbeiterpartei) and one of their youth groups. In 1933 he came to Britain as a political successful Ealing comedies, including "PasS; Thus began a political commitment to which refugee and worked as a free-lance joumalist port to Pimlico", "The Man in the White Suit he was to dedicate his whole life. and lecturer for the Workers Educational Association. During this time, he also under­ and many others. He was married to the 1933-1947 were years of great hardship and took research for the A.J.R. on post-war em­ former Miss Aileen Leatherman from Johan­ deprivation; they undermined his health ployment for refugees. Immediately after the nesburg who did a great deal of work fot permanently and finally brought about his war, he retumed to Germany and helped to the Haifa Technion and for the Jewish Child S premature death on October 4. After his reorganise the trade unions in a novel way Day movement. He himself was a member o* experience of concentration camps in Germany which has helped to keep industrial disputes the Liberal Jewish Synagogue for 50 yeart- and in Spain, he fled from country to country, in the Federal Republic at a very low level. His daughter is the actress Jill Balcon, the living in exile in five of them. He paid several visits to Israel and established widow of the late Poet Laureate, Cecil Day- He retumed to Hamburg in 1947, a city he good relations between the German unions Lewis. loved to the end of his life, joined the S.P.D. and the Histadrut. Only a few days before his and worked as a joumalist. By direct vote he death he was awarded the Freiherr-vom-Stein ZERO MOSTEL was elected for Hamburg-Eimsbiittel to the Prize of Hamburg which is annually given to first Federal German Parliament and remained personalities "who follow the example of Zero Mostel, the American comedian wW its Member for 19 years. In the parliamentary Freiherr vom Stein's social and political has died, aged 62, created the famous role ol committees on which he served one of his reforms". Tevye the milkman in "Fiddler on the Roof main concems was intellectual and artistic in the 1964 original Broadway productioft freedom. He was deeply interested in the arts, MRS. MILLIE MILLER, MP which became the longest-running show m especially the theatre. Broadway history. Mostel, the Brooklyn-born For many years he was also a member of Mrs. Millie Miller who died, aged 54, after son of a rabbi, said he was called Zero be­ Verwaltungsrat des Norddeutschen and des a long illness, was Mayor of Camden in 1967- cause of his lacking academic ability. His Nordwestdeutschen Rundfunks, and more 68 and known for her interest in Jewish and acting on stage and screen won him many, recently chairman of the board of Studio other minority matters. She was elected to awards, including three "Tonys" (the "Oscar Hamburg Atelierbetrieb. "If I had not become Parliament in 1974 with a majority of 778 as of the US stage). He was taken ill when about a politician, I should have liked to be an actor Member for Redbridge, Ilford North. She had to open in a new version of the "Merchant o* or producer," he told me not long ago. been bom in Hackney and met her husband, Venice" by Amold Wesker in which he wa* But his first love was politics. Kurt Schu­ Montague Miller, at a Jewish Lads' Brigade to play Shylock. In the early 1950s he was macher was his mentor. Willy Brandt, with camp. Liberal Judaism played an important blacklisted and put out of work as a Left-wing whom he had worked in exile in Scandmavia, part in her and her husband's life, and from sympathiser during the McCarthy era. Before was a p'ersonal friend; he travelled with him 1968-72 she was chairman of the North Lon­ he returned to acting in 1958, he reverted to to Oslo when Brandt was awarded the Nobel don Progressive Synagogue. She took a strong his original career as a painter and finished Prize for Peace in 1971. interest in race relations, housing, health and over 200 paintings. While an MP he was also one of the S.P.D.'s education and was a member of tiie Jewish delegates to the Council of the West European Welfare Board, Pioneer Women, Labour DR. ERWIN FLATOW Union in Strassburg, a member of the "Euro- Friends of Israel, and organisations working parat" and of the Interparliamentarian Union. for Soviet Jewry. She was frequently in touch Mr. Erwin Flatow, M.Ch.Orth., F.R.C.S. died Unremittingly he worked for a united Europe with the A.J.R. and took a great interest both suddenly on August 27, at the age of nearly Ti and world peace. in our general activities and in the well-being after a heart attack. Bom in Brunswick, b^ In 1968 he became the first Ambassador of of individuals. Her untimely death is therefore studied in Germany and received his M.D. in the Federal German Republic in Belgrade. He also felt as a personal loss by her friends in 1925. He emigrated in 1933 to Gt Britain. After went there with high hopes: "to work towards the A.J.R. obtaining British qualifications in Glasgow anO reconciliation of the Yugoslav peoples with Edinburgh, he was made a Fellow of the Roya' Germany and for peace in Europe", he wrote. DR. RUDOLF GRUNEBERG College of Surgeons and took the M.Ch.Ortb' Unfortunately, he had to relinquish his post in Liverpool during the war. He was appointeO after one year, on health grounds. Wuppertal-bom Dr. Rudolf Gruneberg, who Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon to the Nortn In the remaming eight years of his life and has died in Edinburgh, was an eminent sur­ Manchester Group of Hospitals, which included in spite of his progressing illness he under­ geon and scholar. Unable to obtain a medical the Jewish Hospital. He retired from the hos­ took for his Govemment a series of joumeys degree after his studies in Germany, he gradu­ pitals in 1965, but continued working as » abroad which included several European ated in Basle and Edinburgh where he became legal-medical consultant until his death. countries. North and South America and a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons. Erwin Flatow was well known in Manchester" Japan. During the war he served in the Forces and always willing to advise and help. Not onW When he could no longer travel, he con­ reached the rank of acting-Major in the his many relations and friends all over the tinued organising active support for political R.A.M.C. in the Far and Middle East. He world, but also his patients will miss him very refugees who had been his lifelong concem founded the highly reputed accident unit at much. in and outside Germany. "The Worldwide the Royal Victoria Hospital, Kirkcaldy, and Partnership", whose president he was, is the was a president of the Edinburgh Jewish MR. ALEX MOCH last of several such organisataions he Literary Society, Jewish Students' Society, the established. Gramophone Society, and a member of the Mr. Alex Moch, who was the founder anO His fellow workers in many countries will regional chaplaincy board. Shortly before his until 1939 director of the Jewish agricultural remember him as a dedicated politician whose death he was elected vice-president of the training centre, Landwerk Neuendorf, died iP work had a moral foundation. (He abhorred local B'nai B'rith. He was also a member of Tel Aviv on September 24 at the age of So­ pragmatism.) They, as well as his former the A.J.R. since its inception. Dr. Gruneberg lle left Germany for Kenya, where he worke" comrades in the Jewish Youth Movement, also was much sought after as a lecturer on a wide as a farmer and spent the last years of W^ mourn a loyal friend and charming host; who variety of subjects, including history and music retirement in Israel. loved discussing political and cultural issues and was awarded the Doris Idlum Prize of the of our time until the early hours of the British Medical Association for an essay on POETESS FOUND DEAD moming. ALICE APT "Advances in understanding and treatment of psychological disturbances associated with Thirty-six-year-old Mrs. Tirza Atar, a popular HANS HABE accidents and injuries". His brother is a mem­ poetess and song-writer, was found dead oJ ber of Kibbutz Mishmar Haemek in Israel and the pavement in front of the Tel Aviv bloc» Hungarian-bom writer and joumalist Hans a professor of egyptology at Tel Aviv of flats where she lived on the sixth floor. Sh« Habe who has died, aged 66, led an adven­ University. had just taken her two small children to turous life. He fled from Vienna where he school. Mrs. Atar was the daughter of one oi had dug up Hitler's family history and alleged Only a few months ago Dr. Gruneberg con­ Israel's most renowned modern Hebrew poetSi that his real name was Schickelgruber, after tributed a thought-provoking essay, "Reflec­ Nathan Alterman, who died in 1970. the Anschluss. In France he joined the Army tions on Re-reading Plato", to AJR Information. under his real name, Janos Bekessy, was taken MR. HARRY J. COUTTS ATLAS ON HOLOCAUST I prisoner and escaped to live in hiding. Even­ tuaUy he went to the United States, joined the Mr. Harry J. Coutts, who died in Glasgow The historian Martin Gilbert was commisj Army and retumed to Germany in 1945 when at the age of 81, was a generous supporter sioned by the Board of Deputies Centra* he helped to reorganise the German press. of many Jewish causes. His efforts included Jewish Lecture and Information Committed Later m life he became a convinced Zionist the raising of funds and providing of employ­ to compile an historical atlas on the Holocaust; and published a book, "In King David's Foot­ ment for refugees who came to Glasgow as Mr. Gilbert has engaged in extensive researcS steps", in which he said that the State of victims of Nazi persecution. In the early days and discovered a wealth of hitherto unpub­ Israel represented the sixth, unwritten Book he and his family also provided a home for a lished material. The work will appear i" of Moses. refugee child. January, 1978. AJR INFORMATION December 1977 Page 13 Spartakus rising, Haase was outraged by the Frits Friedlander (Melbourne) resort to force and, together with Dittmann and Barth, resigned on December 28, 1918. Convinced that the German people had A BIOGRAPHY OF HUGO HAASE suffered beyond endurance, Haase exerted the influence of his party to obtain acceptance Hugo Haase, the German Socialist leader, happy one, for Thea Haase shared her of the peace terms. This exposed him to the was assassinated in 1919. Ten years later, his husi>and's ideals and interests. violent hatred of the German nationalists: son Emst wrote the first biography of his Successful in his profession, Haase gained on October 8, 1919, an attempt was made on father, in which he included a selection of the confidence of Konigsberg's Social Demo­ his life and a month later, on November 7, letters. Though written with filial affection, the cratic masses, and was elected to the Reichs­ he died, deeply mouraed by socialists and book was plainly not the work of a pro­ tag from 1897 to 1907 and 1912 to 1918. In progressives throughout the world. fessional biographer; Elmst Haase was in fact 1911, his brilliance and admirable character As a Marxist, Hugo Haase was not a a physician. Now, after many decades, led to his appointment as party leader with practising Jew, but never denied his Jewish­ Kenneth R. Calkins, Associate Professor of August Bel)el. Named as chairman of the ness. He respected the religous feelings of Modera History in Kent State University, Reichstag Social Democrats in the following his parents and parents-in-law, and, in the Ohio, has written the first scholarly life of year, he moved to Berlin. In 1913, Bebel Weimar National Assembly on July 26, 1919, Hugo Haase. This, translated into (Jerman by died and Haase continued as leader. With condemned antisemitic outbursts. Arthur Mandel, has appeared under the title Ebert, he was now the most influential man For a man so absorbed in German affairs, Hugo Haase: Demokrat und Revolutiondr in the Social Democratic Party. Zionism must at first have seemed a strange (Colloquium Verlag, Berlin 1976). Years of However, Haase's authority depended on doctrine. He was present, Kurt Blumenfeld careful research have gone to the making of his ability to maintain party unity, no easy tells us in his memoirs, at a rally in Konigs­ this book. task in view of the strong Revisionist move­ berg where Zionism was attacked. Later, how­ According to Ernst Haase, his father regret­ ment which he, as an orthodox Marxist, ever, its idealism appealed to Haase: he had ted only one step in his political career: his opposed. In the cause of unity, he sacrificed many Zionist friends and a few months before pledge, as chairman of the Social Democratic himself and as party spokesman voted for the his death, it is said, he declared that Herzl Party, of his party's financial support of the Govemment on August 4, 1914. was an idealist and prophet. German war effort at the outbreak of World As the war continued, Haase set the Professor Calkins regards Hugo Haase as War I. After the Reich Chancellor, von Beth­ question of Social Democratic attitudes a man of integrity, an idealist eager to put mann Hollweg, had assured the Social Demo­ towards war policy above that of party unity. the lofty aims of socialism into practice. crats that Czarist Russia intended to attack He set his face against German militarism Nevertheless, his faults are not glossed over: Germany, Haase yielded to his colleagues' pres­ and greed for conquest, submarine warfare the author, for example, refers to Haase's fail­ sure and to the fear that his refusal might which disastrously brought America into the ure to organise the Independent Social Demo­ split the party. He therefore read out the dec­ war, and conscription of the civilian popu­ cratic Party on a firm basis. Also, according laration of support on August 4, 1914 in the lation (vaterldndischer Hilfsdienst). His aims to his biographer, he was overmodest and Reichstag. were an immediate conclusion of peace and sometimes lacked the energy to assert him­ Hugo Haase's rise in the party had been re­ thoroughgoing social and economic reforms. self. Maximilian Harden, we are told, called markable. He was bom into a Jewish family This brought him into violent conflict with him a "Judeo-Christian Socialist", indicating at Allenstein (East Prassia) on September the majority of his party, led by Ebert and that Haase's ethical humanism, with its 29, 1863. WhUe studying law at the University Scheidemann, who were tolerant of Imperial Kantian elements, prevented his unconditional of Konigsberg, he fell under the spell of Ormany's war policy. The final break came application of Marxian principles. socialist ideals which were to mould his life. in April 1917 when Haase, together with his The biography is supplemented by three He became a lawyer in Konigsberg and friends Wilhelm Dittmann and Georg Lede­ personal reminiscences written by Prof. Ernst married Thea Lichtenstein in 1891. The bour, founded the Independent Social Demo­ Hamburger, Prof. Peter Fleischmann and by cratic Party. An underhand attempt by the Haase's nephew. Prof. Walter Friedlaender. marriage, blessed with three children, was a Goverament to suppress the new party by charging its leader with high treason failed utterly. When the imperial regime collapsed in 1918, Haase and his friends Dittmann and wHh the compliments of Emil Barth joined Ebert and Scheidemann, INTERBOOK the leaders of the Majority Socialists, to form 52 MANCHESTER STREET a provisional govemment, the Rat der Volks­ beauftragten. He believed, with them, that the LONDON Wl • 01-935 3441 principle of democracy expressed in parlia­ ^•» mentary govemment must be preserved, WE SUPPLY ANY BOOK FROM although he failed to win his colleagues over to his plan for nationalisation of key indus­ tries and replacement of the Imperial Army by a democratically organised Volkswehr. GERMANY His belief in parliamentary democracy led him AND ANY OTHER COUNTRY to oppose Karl Liebknecht's Spartakusbund and its attempt to establish a Soviet-type Germany. But when the Majority Socialists Have you read: used fonner imperial troops to crash the TORBERG: "Die Tante Jolesch"? BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE Pafra 2nd volume NOW OUT ! FIRST ANNUAL "Die Erben der Tante Jolesch" RABBI DR. GEORG SALZBERGER synthetic adhesives MEMORIAL LECTURE adhesive applicators Why not join our Sunday, 4th December, at 3.30 p.m. In the synagogue, GERMAN BOOK CLUB? 51 Belsize Square, N.W.S. Pafra Limited Advantages: Rabbi Dr. Albert H. Friedlander Bentalls * Basildon 1. New hard- and paperback books (Minister of the Westminster Synagogue at attracthre discounts. and Rabbinic Director of the Leo Baeck Essex • SSI 4 3BU 2. No membership fee. College) 3. No long term obligations. on Write or call for details. Ref. AJR "FRANKFURT, THE LEHRHAUS AND JEWISH EDUCATION" Page 14 AJR INFORMATION December 1977

EL AL SPREADS ITS WINGS THE ISRAELI SCENE New cheap charter holidays in Israel will be available from March. A week's inclusive ISRAEL'S BIRTHDAY PLANS REBUFF FROM AUSTRIA tour at a 3-star hotel with bed and breakfast To celebrate the 30th anniversary of the The Israeli Foreign Ministry has protested will cost from £130, a 4-star hotel from £170. founding of the State, Israel plans a number to the Austrian Ambassador in Jerusalem The prices for two weeks are £165 and £200 of cultural events. The Museum of the Jewish against the treatment of Israel's representa­ respectively. Flights on Boeings 720 which Diaspora will be officially opened on the carry 172 passengers, will leave Luton for Tel Aviv Campus where it is now housed tive by the Austrian UN delegation. Austria had submitted a resolution against piracy of Tel Aviv every Thursday. Originally these in a four-storey building. Six documentary flights were intended for Christian pilgrims, films and reconstructions of different aspects the air, but had urged the Israelis to abstain of Jewish life in the diaspora will be shown. from signing it in order not to upset Arab and the packages will carry a "Holiday for Apart from three floors of permanent exhi­ and Third World signatories. They had then Pilgrims" label, but there will be no restric­ bitions, there will be a large gallery for tem­ declared in public that Israel had decided too tions imposed. The price also includes visits porary exhibitions the first of which will be late to sign the resolution. to Holy Places. The flights will continue on the Jews of New York. Dr. Nahum Gold­ throughout the summer. mann, president of the World Jewish Con­ gress, conceived the museum idea, the chief ISRAEL WHEAT TO FEED THE STARVING designer is Britain's James Gardener who has ISRAEL AND SOUTH AFRICA recently created a Churchill museum for the Israeli experts have developed a new strain Sultan of Brunei. An article in the London "Economist" of wheat "Gigas" which produces a great deal reveals that there has been an understanding Another plan is the creation of a hall of more than all known wheat strains and offered fame in Jerusalem commemorating Jewish between Israel and South Africa since 1967. scientific, academic, artistic and political it to all countries wishing to fight malnutri­ After De Gaulle imposed his arms embargo on achievements during the past 200 years. The tion. The West German "World Aid for the Israel, South Africa supplied the Israelis with £5 million project is supported by President Starving" organisation will co-operate in spare parts for their French-made weapons. Katzir, Prime Minister Begin, Mrs Golda Meir, experiments to propagate the new strains. With discreet encouragement from Dr. and prominent diaspora figures. Mr. Eliyahu Tal who recently visited Britain to gain sup­ Kissinger, Israel is said to have supplied the port for the hall of fame, said the idea had GRAPEFRUrr AND FOOTWEAR South Africans with equipment, military come to him when he visited the Festival of FOR BRTTAIN intelligence and technicians when they inter­ Islam in London. The Chief Rabbi, Professor vened in Angola to offset the Cuban invasion. Sir Ernst Chain, Sir Isaac Wolfson and Mr. Israel expects to export about three million South Africa is also supporting Israel's own Greville Janner, QC, MP, have agreed to serve on the advisory board. grapefruit to Britain this year of which defence industry to make the country less 250,000 are the very early Yarden River brand dependent on American supplies. In return now on sale in British shops. The Israel for special steel, coal and financial help, DAYAN ACCUSES BRFTAIN Citrus Marketing Board have fixed their sell­ Israel supplies South Africa with the results ing prices at a level to benefit customers of her military technology. Israeli technicians Mr. Moshe Dayan said in Jerusalem that after the recent shortage. Another rising are supposed to be erecting an electrified in 1949 when he was military commander of export figure is that of footwear — 80 per cent wall and laying a carpet of electronic sensors Jerusalem, he had negotiated a peace treaty cent of Israel's footwear, to the tune of along the South African borders and building with King Abdullah of Jordan, but the British £1,500,000, goes to Britain this year. This a new type of missile boat with a helicopter representative in that country Sir Alec Kirk- includes boots and shoes for ladies' and men's carrier deck. They are also alleged to refit bridge, had informed the king that Britain leather casuals. Most of them are manufac­ South African armoured vehicles with their would not allow such a treaty being signed. tured in Kibbutz factories in the Upper own type of armour plating for which South Sir Alec has denied Dayan's allegations. Galilee. Africa supplies the special steel.

FAMILY EVENTS Munzer. — Erika Munzer (nee REVLON MANICURIST / PEDI- Accommodation Vacant Hirschmann), formerly Juedische CURIST. Will visit your home. Entries in the column Family LUGANO/SWITZERLAND. Com­ Wohlfahrtspflege, Frankfurt/Main, 01-445 2915. Events are free of charge; any died peacefully on November 6. fortable, centrally heated, fur­ voluntary donation would, how­ Sadly missed by her husband, rela­ nished flat in modern block. Short ever, be appreciated. Texts should tives and friends. PERSIAN CARPET wanted to pur­ or long lets, from only £35-00 be sent in by 15th of the month. chase by family. 01-458 3010. per week. Tel: 01-959 8488. Sulzbacher.—Dr. Max Sulzbacher Birthdays (formerly Bamberg, Bavaria) died GERMAN COINS wanted. High Personal suddenly on September 27, 1977. prices paid. Phone 01-455 8578 The AJR Club extends heartiest Deeply mourned by his wife, after 6 p.m. WIDOW in her 60s, with no chil­ congratulations to Miss Kate Ben­ dren, of independent means, with Lottie, and relatives, and sadly a nice home, wishes to meet sym­ jamin, one of our most generous missed by his friends. LUCIE KRONER. Attention rela­ pathetic retired widower in the members, on the occasion of her tives and friends of the late Lucie same position; marriage con­ 80th birthday, and to Mrs. Hertha Sulzbacher.—Mrs. Netty Sulzbacher Kroner of Weymouth Street, Lon­ sidered; when replying, please Gelhar, the Bazaar Queen. Happy (n6e Manes), widow of Dr. Paul don. The Division of Archaeology give telephone number.—Box 693. birthday greetings on December Sulzbacher, passed away on Novem­ (Classical Studies) Tel Aviv Uni­ 26, in gratitude for her untiring ber 9, after a long illness. Deeply versity is erecting Reference helping hands. mourned and sadly missed by her Shelves (subject: Roman Israel) WIDOW, in her 60s, independent, family and friends. bearing the name of the deceased. no children, own comfortable Deaths Donations for the purchase of house, is looking for a widower Wolff.—Frieda Wolff passed away books are urgently requested. For who may perhaps be lonely; must Flatow. — Mr. Erwin Flatow, peacefully after a long illness on further information please contact be a thoughtful and considerate F.R.C.S. died suddenly and unex­ November 7. Mourned by her Professor Mordechai Gichon, Tel gentleman, who may like to buUd pectedly in hospital on August 27 sister, Margot Besser, relatives and Aviv University. up a friendly companionship; when at the age of nearly 77 years. friends. replying, please give telephone Very much missed by everybody. Situations Vacant number.—Box 694. Gerty and Norbert Gosliner. Zeisel.—Helene Zeisel, resident of Otto Schiff House, passed away WE WOULD WELCOME to hear REFINED AND ATTRACTIVE peacefully in hospital on October from more ladies who would be widow, 57, would like to meet a Klein. — Mrs. Ella Klein (n6e refined widower or unattached man Baum), of 72 Ladybarn Lane, 24, aged 82. She had no near rela­ tives but she will always be willing to shop and cook for an living in or around Manchester; Fallowfield, Manchester 14, dearly remembered by her friends. elderly person in their neighbour­ view to friendship, maybe mar­ beloved wife of David Klein, died hood on a temporary or perman­ riage.—Box 695. on November 4, at Manchester Royal Infirmary. Deeply moumed CLASSIFIED ent basis. Current rate of pay £1-25 per hour. We also need INTELLIGENT WIDOW, born by her husband, relatives and many Vienna, living N.W. London, is friends. The charge in these columns is ladies who would be prepared to looking for a nice gentleman 25p for five words plus 20p for sleep out for shorter or longer friend.—Box 696. Leyser. — Felix Leyser, formerly advertisements under a Box No. periods. No nursing duties. Rate of Chemnitz, died suddenly in San pay between £3 and £5 per night. PROFESSIONAL, Austrian bom, Francisco on October 29, aged 81. Miscellaneous early SOs, varied interests and Deeply moumed by iiis sister, Please ring Mrs. M. Casson, abilities, seeks pleasant, attractive, Meta Pohl. N.Y., nieces and WANTED, one silver goblet for 01-624 4449, AJR Employment, for intelligent lady in her 40s; N-W. nephews, and Paula Leyser. new grandson. 01-883 4315. appointment London.—Box 697. mm

AJR INFORMATION December 1977 Page 15

STRAUSS WANTS TO FORGET CSU chairman Franz Joseph Strauss gave NEWS FROM GERMANY an interview to the Cairo newspaper "Al NEO-NAZIS APPROVE MURDER OUTRAGEOUS PLO SPEECH Ahram" in which he said: "We do not want to be reminded of our past by anybody, neither In the "Nationalsozialistische Reichszeitung", The Public Prosecutor has started pro­ by Washington, nor by Moscow, nor by our published by the neo-Nazi Wolf Dietrich ceedings against Abdallah Frangi, the "offi­ European neighbours, nor by Tel Aviv. Such Eckart, Hamburg, there is a poem welcoming cial" representative of the PLO in Bonn, who reminders prevent us from making our contri­ the murder of the State Prosecutor Siegfried said at a Communist meeting in West Berlin, bution to a just and peaceful development of Buback who is referred to as "Jewish mer­ that the only way to end the Middle East world affairs". He advocated a "tolerable" cenary" and "Supreme State Rabbi". conflict was to remove the "Zionist creation". compromise in the Middle East which would In answer to protests by the Central Council only be possible if all concerned realised that JL^BILEE OF TUEBINGEN UNIVERSTFY of Jews in Germany and by the Social another war would mean a terrible set-back Democratic Party, a spokesman for the for many years to come. The University of Tiibingen which has Berlin Senate said that the Senate regretted always had many Jewish students, especially that such things had been said and shared the ISRAELIS AT THE FRANKFURT in the legal and medical field, is celebrating indignation of the entire Berlin population. BOOK FAIR its 500th anniversary this year. Among the Twenty Israeli publishers shared a stand many festive concerts, there was one where UNFIT TO STAND TRIAL at this year's Frankfurt Book Fair. Among the 'Young Israel Strings", the string orches­ the items displayed was a facsimile edition tra of Tel Aviv University, played. The The Hanover Court adjourned sine die a of the Aleppo-Codex, the most complete Bible LeoDold-Lucas Prize of the University was case against 78-year-old Johannes von Dollen, manuscript in existence which had cost $460 awarded to the historians Elias J. Bickerman, once the head of the office for Jewish affairs in to make. The Codex is the first complete text New York, and Professor Shmuel Sambursky, the Security Police in the Polish town of of the Bible and contains many detailed notes of the Hebrew University. The prize of DM Bilgora. The court announced that von Dollen by Maimonides. It was first published in 900, 6,000 was donated by Franz D. Lucas, Consul was too sick to stand trial, but that he would and the text has been researched for the General in Bolivia, to commemorate his father, almost certainly have been convicted of hav­ last twenty years by a special research team Dr. Leopold Lucas, born in Tiibingen, for ing been an accessory to murder in more than at the Hebrew University which has just many vears rabbi in Glogau and lecturer at a hundred cases. The trial against three of his released it for publication. A book on offer the Berlin Hochschule fur die Wissenschaft former colleagues is to continue, but two more at the stand was a "Who's Who" of Jewish des Judentums, who died in Theresienstadt cases had been suspended previously for the personalities all over the world, containing in 1943. E.G.L. same reasons. 21,000 names.

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Resident S.R.N, in atten­ aulta. dance. 24 hours supervision. 8 Baynes Mows, Hampstead, N.W.3 ous colour TV lounge and dining 'Phone 435 S974 ir Lounge «lth colour TV. room, excellent kosher cuisine. Single rooms from £40 00 p.w. ir Kosher cuisine. Ring for appointment: Continental Builder and Decorator Please telephone Matron for full * Lovely gardens—easr parking. 01-794 7305 or 01-452 9768 Specialist in Dry Rot Repairs ir Day and night nursing. details. 01-203 2692/01-452 0515 11-12 Thurtow Road, Please telephone Iha Matron, 01-4S5 OtOO 85-87 Fordwych Road, N.W.2. London, N.W.3. ESTIMATES FREE Page 16 AJR INFORMATION December 1977 THEATRE AND CULTURE Letter to the Editor JEWS IN DUESSELDORF 100 years ago. For Max Pallenberg, who was —that was artistic magic, unequalled and Sir,—I am preparing a book about the born in December, 1877, the word tragi- unsurpassed. "Judenpolitik" in Duesseldorf during the years comedian could have been invented. According He enriched operetta (e.g., Offenbach's 1933 to 1945. For this purpose I am in urgent to his biogi'apher, he saw life as an etemal need of material such as letters, documents, "Orpheus in the Underworld", Kalman's photos, personal reminiscences etc, and should fight between man and machine, and this often "Herbstmanover"), he played Bemard Shaw be grateful to any of your readers, who might manifested itself when he was portraying the and Hofmannsthal, he was in stage comedies lend me their assistance. 'small" man; he screamed and protested but and in films, and in every field Pallenberg, FELIX BLASCHKA eventually, had to bow in front of the inevi­ the great tragi-comedian, was considered Am Krausen Baum 8 table. You could love him in the parts he unique, whether he made an elaborate speech D4G00 Duesseldorf 31 played hut you could also fear him, for his or just embraced a vase with an inimitable West Germany. clowning had elements of fire, hate and gesture of helplessness. destruction. In other parts his tragic downfall was caused by weakness and downright Max Pallenberg's unshakeahle belief that Josef Kastein stupidity. Whether Schwejk or Mephisto, the "little" man had to yield to the mechanical whether a great man or a wretched creature, giants proved only too true; he got killed in Mr. Alfred Dreyer, retired Rector of a West 1934 at the zenith of his career when he German Pedagogical Seminar, is preparing his fantasy appeared inexhaustible, and the a work about the late Josef Kastein, particu­ way he could tum despair into laughter, how entrusted his life to an aeroplane. His wife, larly well-known by his work "Eine Geschichte tragic events could be brought to change a the popular actress and chanteuse, Fritzi der Juden". Mr. Dreyer, who knew Kastein man's character, how his voice could announce Massary, survived him for nearly 40 years. personally, would be grateful to any readers rebellion and accusation against all humanity, who could provide him with reminiscences and all this was acting of one of the real Modem German Film. As nowadays we only unpublished material by or about Josef Kas­ get occasional glimpses of new German films tein. His address is: Benquestr. 38, 2800 Bre­ "Greats". men 1, West Germany. He played Molnar (his "Liliom" is unfor­ in this country, the recent showing of "Erika's gotten); he was brilliant in the same author's Leidenschaften" (1976) was a notable event MEETING OF EX-PRISONERS OF WAR One Act play "Eins, zwei, drei", the story of at the National Film Theatre. One of the stars was Vera Tschechowa, Olga's granddaughter. The 18th annual meeting in Duesseldorf of a "Generaldirektor" for whom there is simply the "Arbeitskreis Featherstone Park", which no obstacle in achieving his aims, in a whirl was founded by the former inmates of that of eloquence which, seemingly, not only made Obituary. Elisabeth Flickenschildt, who has camp, was addressed by Mrs. Lynda Chalker, him speak without interruption, but doing so died at Stade, Germany, at the age of 72, was M.P. on "Building Bridges" and by Hubertus simultaneously on a variety of subjects where­ one of Germany's most representative actresses. Prinz zu Loewenstein on "Vereinigtes Europa: by his own (private) life just gave him time She appeared in Munich, Berlin and many Wunschbild oder Wirklichkeit". Apart from for an occasional interjection. The way other cities, as well as in films. Her part of former camp inmates, many German friends of Pallenberg mastered this role — perhaps not Frau Marthe Schwerdtlein in a "Faust" pro­ the "Arbeitskreis" (including members of the attempted by any other actor since—how he duction with Gruendgens and Quadflieg is younger generation) attended the function. particularly well remembered. The Hon. President of the "Arbeitskreis" is raged in a frenzy, thus putting himself on a Mr. Herbert Sulzbach who was education officer par with an engine geared to record action S.B. of the camp during the war.

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Published by .he Association of Jewish Refugees In Great Britain, 8 Fairfax Mansions, London, NWS 6JY. 'Phone: General Office and Administration Q, Homes: 01-624 9096/7, Employment Agency and Social Services Department: 01-624 4449 Printed at the Sharon Press, 61 Lilford Road, S.E.S.