Sturgeon History

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Sturgeon Calendar Sturgeon History UNEL’TSOO’S LIFE 1920s: Unel’tsoo, the oldest sturgeon that has been caught GEOGRAPHICAL TIME by the NWSRI, hatched when the Rightly called a pre-historic species, white sturgeon ancestors lived Nechako River flowed naturally. during the time of the dinosaurs, 170-245 million years ago! Physically, 1940s: Sturgeon were caught not much has changed. Their large, flat cartilaginous body covered and sold for food in stores in in sharp bony plates are features that developed a time long ago. Vanderhoof and Prince George. During the last ice age 50,000-10,000 years ago British Columbia was covered People also fished for sturgeon in ice a kilometre deep. When the ice receded it created new waterways all the way until the 1970s. across North America. Dakelh Elders tell the story of when the river flowed Unelt’soo eluded the anglers. backwards - when the Stuart River flowed north instead of south into the 1952: Kenney Dam was built on Nechako River as it does today. These kinds of ancient water connections the Nechako River. It changed and pathways allowed fish species to move great distances between the hydrology* of the river. continents and over mountains. The white sturgeon likely made their way to Unelt’soo survived the flow the Nechako River from the Upper Columbia River over 10,000 years ago. changes in the river. *study of the movement of water DISTRIBUTION > CLICK FOR THE NECHAKO WATERSHED MAP 1960s: Unelt’soo finally reached Globally, sturgeon are found circum-polar in the northern hemisphere. White maturity, however it is likely that sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) very few of Unel’tsoo’s eggs and live on the west coast of North larvae did not survive after 1967, America, and the Nechako white when researchers realized that sturgeon - a unique group within young fish were not surviving. the genetically distinct Fraser River population - spawn within the 1999: Researchers confirmed Nechako watershed. The Nechako that the Nechako white watershed is 52,000 ha in size. sturgeon population was in a critical state of decline. The 100 years ago the population was Nechako White Sturgeon likely in the thousands. A large influx Recovery Initiative was formed of people came here with the completion of the railway in 1914. With more to find out why. people rapid expansion of land use and development through urbanization, agriculture, forestry, and large industry. 2000s: Although no one is allowed to catch sturgeon, When did your family arrive sturgeon get caught as by-catch in the Nechako Valley? in First Nation salmon gill-nets. CLICK ON THE TIME LINE TO SEE IT FULL-SIZE The Boat Kit Program supports fisher families to release sturgeon safely from their nets. 2014: The Nechako White Sturgeon Conservation Centre was built to maintain UNEL’TSOO MEAN: genetic diversity and to restore a naturally reproducing “GRANDMOTHER TO ALL” population in the Nechako River. IN DAKELH Unel’tsoo, at nearly 100 years old, was caught and her eggs More available at: were collected to contribute to www.nechakowhitesturgeon.org the next generation of sturgeon. Facebook @NWSRI.

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