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Rocketry Pioneers Space Exploration Part 1 • Konstantin Tsiolkovsky • Robert Goddard • Hermann Oberth • Wernher von Braun • Sergei Korolev

PAA Novice Class # 16 January 8, 2021 NASA Brett Hardy

First Artificial Satellite American Response

Sputnik I- October 4, 1957 • Explorer I Sputnik II • Vanguard Sputnik III

Smithsonian National Air & Space Museum NASA

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Luna Program First Manned Launch

• Luna 2 • Yuri Gagarin • Launched September 12, 1959 • April 12, 1961 • Impact September 14th • One, 108 minute orbit

Russian Academy of Sciences

First American in Space Sun

• Alan Shepard • – 9 (1960 – 1983) • May 5, 1961 • Helios A & B (1974 – 1985) • Suborbital 15 minute flight • SOHO (1996 - Present • John Glenn • Stereo A & B (2006 -2016) • February 20, 1962 • 3 orbits, 4 hours 55 minutes

ESA/NASA

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Mercury

(1974 – 1975) • 1 – 16 (1961 – 1984) • Messenger (2008 – 2015) • , 5, 10 (1962 – 1974) • (1978 – 1992) • Pioneer Venus Multiprobe (1978) • & 2 (1985) • (1990 – 1994)

NASA NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution

Low Orbit: Space Stations Low Earth Orbit: Satellites

• Salyut 1 • Anik Communication Satellites • April 19, 1971 • Mir • Anik A1: November 9, 1972 • February 20, 1986 - 1996 • • May 14, 1973 – February 1974 • ISS • 1998 – Present • First crew: November 2, 2000

NASA Telesat Canada

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Earth’s Moon

• First explored extraterrestrial object • Most explored extraterrestrial object • Race to the Moon • Mercury • Gemini • Apollo

Brett Hardy Creative Commons

Mars Jupiter

• Mariner 4 (1965) • – 11 (1973, 1974) • Mars 2 (1971 – 1972) • & 2 (1979) • Phobos 2 (1989) • Orbiter (1995 – 2003) • Mars Pathfinder/Sojourner (1997) • Juno (2016 – 2018) • Mars Global Surveyor (1997 – 2006) • Nozomi (2003) • Mars Express (2003 – Present) • Mars Exploration Rovers (2003 – Present) • Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (2006 – Present) • 2011 – Present)

NASA

NASA

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Saturn

(1979) • (1986) • Voyager 1 & 2 (1980, 1981) • Cassini (2004 – 2017)

NASA NASA

Neptune Pluto

• Voyager 2 (1989) (2015 – Present)

NASA NASA

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Asteroids Comets

• Galileo: Gaspera & Ida (1991, 1993) • ICE: 21P/Giacobini-Zinner (1986) • NEAR: 433 Eros (1997 – 2001) • Vega 1 & 2: 1P/Halley (1986) • Hayabusa 1: 25143 Itokawa (2018) • Suisei: 1P/Halley (1986) • Dawn: & Ceres (2011, 2015) • Giotto: 1P/Halley (1986) • Hayabusa 2: Ryugu (2018) • Deep Space 1: 19P/Borrelly (2001) • OSIRIS-REx: Bennu (2018) • CONTOUR: 2P/Encke (2003) • Stardust:81P/Wild (2004) • Deep Impact: 9P/Tempel (2005) • Rosetta: 67P/Churyumov- Gerasimenko (2014 – 2016)

Russian Academy of Sciences

Kuiper Belt & Beyond Kuiper Belt & Beyond

• Pioneer 10 & 11 • Ground based telescopes • Voyager 1 & 2 • Space Telescopes • New Horizons

NASA

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Cosmology Next Month Novice Class # 17 • Bell Labs: Arno Penzias & Robert Wilson Space Exploration Part 2 • RELIKT-1: Soviet • COBE February 5, 2021 • WMAP

NASA

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