DOCSLIB.ORG

Pioneer Extended Missions Plan. May 20, 1981

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pioneer Extended Missions Plan. May 20, 1981 PIONEER EXTENDED MISSIONS PLAN Document No. PC-1001 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AMES RESEARCH CENTER MOFFETT FIELD, CALIFORNIA 94035 MAY 20,1981 REVISION 1 NOVEMBER 30,1982 REVISION 2 JUNE 15, 1990 DISTRIBUTION NASA HEADQUARTERS Code SL Code SF W. T. Huntress, Jr. J. W. Dyer H. C. Brinton C. L. Jackson F. Carr J. Sperans A. Merwarth D. Okerson Code SFP Code SS R. 0. Fimmel R. W. Jackson L. J. Demas L. E. Lasher W. V. Jones D. W. Lozier J. C. Ling J. R. Phillips T. W. Perry M.A. Smith M. N. Wirth AMES RESEARCH CENTER CodeD D. L. Compton K. A. Hessenius CodeS J. C. Sharp P. Dyal JET PROPULSION LABORATORY A. Berman D. Bray E. Burke N. Moninger R. Ryan L. Shaw BENDIX FIELD ENGINEERING CORPQRATION R. Campo R. Chavez K. Jednorozec B. Karas R.Mann T.Quinn T. Young SAN JOSE STATE UNNERSITY FOUNDATION L. Colin ~-- .; ii DISIRffiUTION- INVESTIGATORS PIONEER 6-9 PIONEER VENUS ORBITER John Mihalov Guest·lnyesti ~tors (ContcD PIONEER 10/11 R. E. Daniell M. Dryer John D. Anderson L. Elson Aaron Barnes E. G. Fontheim R. Walker Fillius J. L. Fox D. Intriligator J. C. Gerard· Darrell L. Judge E. W. Greenstadt Frank B. McDonald R. Greeley John A. Simpson M. Harel Edward J. Smith W. Hoegy James A. Van Allen S. Kumar S. S. Limaye. PIONEER VENUS ORBITER M. B. McElroy R. Meier Principal Investigators P. Morgan P.MougUUs-Mark Aaron Barnes L. J. Paxton Larry H. Brace R E. Revercomb· Paul A. Ooutier J. M. Rodriguez Ray Klebesadel P. Rodriguez Arvydas Kliore B. Schizgal William C. Knudsen N. Sheeley H. B. Niemann J. A. Slavin Gordon H. Pettengill C. W. Smith Christopher T. Russell D. Smith A. Ian F. Stewart P. G. Steffes Robert J. Strangeway D. L. Turcotte F. W. Taylor W. T. Vestrand Larry D. Travis D. R. Wimams D. W'mske Guest lnyestiptors R. Wolff R~Woo J. M. Ajello A. Young J. Anderson Y. Yung K. A. Anderson J. Appleby Interdisciplinazy Scientists G. Balmino W. J. Borucki Siegfried J. Bauer S. W. Bougher Donald M. Hunten C. Bowin Harold Masursky S. R Brecht Andrew Nagy D. L. Carpenter · James.Pollack R. T. Dancy Nelson Spencer P. E. Oark iii NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AMES RESEARCH CENTER . MOFFETT FIELD, CALIFORNIA 94035 PIONEER EXTENDED MISSIONS PLAN MAY 20,1981 REVISION 1 NOVEMBER 30, 1982 REVISION 2 JUNE 15, 1990 APPROVED: W. Vernon Jones Pioneer 10/ll Program Scientist ~~ Lawrence Colin bct11~~ Pioneer Venus Project Scientist Pioneer Venus Pro~ Scientist ·~~-rl ~Ann C. Merwarth ~21!t1"an!# (Acnng) · Pioneer Project Manager PJ.:ogram Manager, Headquarters Chief, Pioneer Missions Office ~~W~_.W.Dyer F A. CaiT e;uty Chief, Spa~;:: Division eputy Director, S<'lar System Exploration Division, Headquarters Wesley ·• Huntress, Director, Solar System . Exploration Division, Headquarters <;;;;; Z?tb /~ Dale L. Compton . Director of Ames Research Center iy NATIONALAERONAUTICSANDSPACEAD~STRATION AMES RESEARCH CENTER MOFFETT FIELD, CALIFORNIA PIONEER EXTENDED MISSIONS PLAN PIONEER DOCUMENT PC-1001 MAY 20,1981 REVISION 1 NOVEMBER 30, 1982 REVISION 2 JUNE 15, 1990 This document is a part of the Pioneer Program Documentation which is controlled by the Pioneer Project Office, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California. As such it is requested that no copies be made by any individual of any pages within. To be placed on the distribution list for additional official' versions of this document, address your request to: Pioneer Project Manager NASNAmes Research Center Mail Stop 244-14 Moffett Field, California 94035 v NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AMES RESEARCH CENTER MOFFETT FIELD, CALIFORNIA 94035 DOCUMENT NO. PC-1001 PIONEER EXTENDED MISSIONS PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE ............................................................................... 1 2. BACKGROUND AND ORIGINAL MISSION OBJECTIVES .............. .. 2 2.1 Pioneers 6, 7, 8 and 9 .............................................................. 2 2.2 Pioneers 10 and 11 .................................................................. 2 2.3 Pioneer Venus (Pioneers 12 and 13) ............................................. .. 3 2.3.1 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer 12) ............................................... 3 2.3.2 Pioneer Venus Multiprobe (Pioneer 13) .......................................... 4 3. MISSION OBJECTIVES FOR EXTENDED MISSIONS ..................... 5 3.1 Pioneers 6, 7, 8 and 9 ............................................................... 5 3.2 Pioneers 10 and 11 .................................................................. 5 3.3 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer 12) ............................................... 6 4. TRAJECTORIES/MISSION PROFILES ........................................ 9 4.1 Pioneers 6, 7, 8 and 9 .............................................................. 9 4.2 Pioneers 10 and 11 .................................................................. 9 4.3 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer 12) ............................................... 10 5. SPACECRAFT ...................................................................... 11 5.1 Pioneers 6, 7, 8 and 9 . ............... 11 5.1.1 Systems Description ................................................................ 11 5.1.2 Systems Status ....................................................................... 11 5.2 Pioneers 10 and 11 ...................................................... ; ........... 12 5.2.1 Systems Description ................................................................ 12 5.2.2 Systems Status ....................................................................... 13 5.3 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer 12) ............................................... 13 5.3.1 Systems Description ................................................................ 13 5.3.2 Systems Status ....................................................................... 14 6. SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS ............................................... 15 6.1 Pioneers 6, 7, and 8 ................................................................ .. 15 6.1.1 Single-Axis Fluxgate Magnetometer (GSFC) .................................... 15 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTD) ~ Page 6.1.2 Faraday-Cup Plasma Probe (MIT) ................................................ 15 6.1.3 Solar Plasma Detector (ARC) ...................................................... 16 6.1.4 Cosmic Ray Telescope (UC) ........................................................ 17 6.1.5 Electric Field Detector (TRW) ..................................................... 17 6.2 Pioneers 10 and 11 ................................................................... 18 6.2.1 Helium Vector Magnetometer (JPUHVM) Instrument ......................... 18 6.2.2 Plasma Analyzer (ARC/PA) Instrument ...•....................................... 18 6.2.3 Charged Particle (UC/CPI) Instrument ...................................... , .... 19 6.2.4 Geiger Tube Telescope (UI/GTT} Instrument................................... 19 6.2.5 Cosmic Ray Telescope (GSFC/CRT) Instrument ................................ 20 6.2.6 Trapped Radiation Detector (UCSD/TRD) Instrument .......................... 21 6.2.7 Ultraviolet Photometer (USC/UV) Instrument ................•..................... 21 6.2.8 Imaging Photopolarimeter (UA/IPP) Instrument ................................ 22 6.2.9 Meteoroid Detector (LaRC/MD} Instrument ........................................ 22 6.2.10 Radiometric Science ..................................................................... 23 6.2.10.1 Search for Undetected Planets of the Solar System ........... ·................... 23 6.2.10.2 Detection of Gravity Waves ......................................................... 23 6.3 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer 12) ............................................... 23 6.3.1 Radar Mapper (MIT/ORAD) Instrument ....... : .................................. 23 6.3.2 Neutral Mass Spectrometer (GSFC/ONMS) Instrument ........................ 24 6.3.3 Retarding Potential Analyzer (LPARL/ORPA) Instrument ..................... 24 6.3.4 Ion Mass Spectrometer (GSFC/OIMS) Instrument ............................. 25 6.3.5 Electron Temperature Probe (GSFC/OETP) Instrument.. ...................... 26 6.3.6 Ultraviolet Spectrometer (UC/OUVS) Instrument ............................... 26 a 6.3.7 Cloud Photopolarimeter (GISS/OCPP) Instrument ............................. 27 6.3.8 Magnetometer (UCLNOMAG) Instrument ...................................... 28 6.3.9 Plasma Analyzer (ARC/OP A) Instrument ........................................ 28 6.3.10 Electric Field Detector (UCLAJOEFD) Instrument .............................. 29 6.3.11 Gamma Ray Burst Detector (LASL/OGBD) InstrumenL ...................... 30 6.3.12 Groundbased (Radio Science) Investigators· ..................................... 30 6.3.12.1 Pioneer Venus. Orbiter Radio Occultation Studies................................ 30 6.3.12.2 Pioneer Venus Orbiter Doppler Radio Tracking .. , .............................. 31 6.3.12.3 Atmospheric Drag Experiment (LRC/OAD) ...................................... 31 6.3.13 Interdisciplinary ScieDtists ....................................... -.................... 32 6.3.14 Guest Investigator Program .......................................................... 32 7.0 OPEAATIONS ........................................................................ 34' 7.1 Guidelines ............................................................................ 34 7.1.1 Pioneers 6-8 ............................- ................................................ ~ . 34 7.1.2 Pioneer 10 and 11 ..........................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mission to Jupiter
    This book attempts to convey the creativity, Project A History of the Galileo Jupiter: To Mission The Galileo mission to Jupiter explored leadership, and vision that were necessary for the an exciting new frontier, had a major impact mission’s success. It is a book about dedicated people on planetary science, and provided invaluable and their scientific and engineering achievements. lessons for the design of spacecraft. This The Galileo mission faced many significant problems. mission amassed so many scientific firsts and Some of the most brilliant accomplishments and key discoveries that it can truly be called one of “work-arounds” of the Galileo staff occurred the most impressive feats of exploration of the precisely when these challenges arose. Throughout 20th century. In the words of John Casani, the the mission, engineers and scientists found ways to original project manager of the mission, “Galileo keep the spacecraft operational from a distance of was a way of demonstrating . just what U.S. nearly half a billion miles, enabling one of the most technology was capable of doing.” An engineer impressive voyages of scientific discovery. on the Galileo team expressed more personal * * * * * sentiments when she said, “I had never been a Michael Meltzer is an environmental part of something with such great scope . To scientist who has been writing about science know that the whole world was watching and and technology for nearly 30 years. His books hoping with us that this would work. We were and articles have investigated topics that include doing something for all mankind.” designing solar houses, preventing pollution in When Galileo lifted off from Kennedy electroplating shops, catching salmon with sonar and Space Center on 18 October 1989, it began an radar, and developing a sensor for examining Space interplanetary voyage that took it to Venus, to Michael Meltzer Michael Shuttle engines.
    [Show full text]
  • Prescriptions for Excellence in Health Care a Collaboration Between Jefferson School of Population Health and Lilly Usa, Llc
    PRESCRIPTIONS FOR EXCELLENCE IN HEALTH CARE A COLLABORATION BETWEEN JEFFERSON SCHOOL OF POPULATION HEALTH AND LILLY USA, LLC ISSUE 23 | WINTER 2015 EDITORIAL TABLE OF CONTENTS ACOs Due for Their Annual Checkup David B. Nash, MD, MBA A Message from Lilly: Opportunities, Uncertainty Loom in 2015 for the Editor-in-Chief Health Exchange Marketplace Ryan Urgo, MPP ....................................................2 As 2013 drew to a close, Premier with more than 190,000 physicians Healthcare Alliance predicted and other health care professionals Biography of a New ACO Joel Port, FACHE .............................................4 that participation in accountable participating.2 Although the care organizations (ACOs) would number of Medicare ACOs has Evolving Health Care Models and double in 2014 as a result of more grown more rapidly than the the Impact on Value and Quality providers developing core ACO number of non-Medicare ACOs, Bruce Perkins ...................................................6 capabilities.1 Premier’s forecast 46-52 million Americans (15%- Employers and Accountable Care was made on the basis of its 18% of the total population) are Organizations: A Good Marriage? survey of 115 senior executives patients in organizations with ACO Laurel Pickering, MPH .....................................9 that revealed a growing trend in arrangements with at least 1 payer.2 high-risk population management, coupled with reductions in cost The next question is, are ACOs and increases in health care quality doing what they are designed to do and patient satisfaction. Of those (ie, improving quality and lowering who responded: costs)? Although it is far too early to draw conclusions, the Centers • More than 75% reported for Medicare & Medicaid Services Prescriptions for Excellence in Health that they were integrating (CMS) has begun to release Care is brought to Population Health clinical and claims data to financial and quality outcomes.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the Robert W. Jackson Collection, 1964-1999 PP03.02
    Guide to the Robert W. Jackson Collection, 1964-1999 PP03.02 NASA Ames History Office NASA Ames Research Center Contact Information: NASA Ames Research Center NASA Ames History Office Mail-Stop 207-1 Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000 Phone: (650) 604-1032 Email: [email protected] URL: http://history.arc.nasa.gov/ Collection processed by: Leilani Marshall, March 2004 Table of Contents Descriptive Summary.......................................................................................................... 2 Administrative Information ................................................................................................ 2 Biographical Note ............................................................................................................... 3 Scope and Content .............................................................................................................. 4 Series Description ............................................................................................................... 5 Indexing Terms ................................................................................................................... 6 Container List...................................................................................................................... 7 Jackson Collection 1 Descriptive Summary Title: Robert W. Jackson Collection, 1964-1999 Collection Number: PP03.02 Creator: Robert W. Jackson Dates: Inclusive: 1964-1999 Bulk: 1967-1988 Extent: Volume: 1.67 linear feet Repository: NASA Ames History
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1: Venus Missions
    Appendix 1: Venus Missions Sputnik 7 (USSR) Launch 02/04/1961 First attempted Venus atmosphere craft; upper stage failed to leave Earth orbit Venera 1 (USSR) Launch 02/12/1961 First attempted flyby; contact lost en route Mariner 1 (US) Launch 07/22/1961 Attempted flyby; launch failure Sputnik 19 (USSR) Launch 08/25/1962 Attempted flyby, stranded in Earth orbit Mariner 2 (US) Launch 08/27/1962 First successful Venus flyby Sputnik 20 (USSR) Launch 09/01/1962 Attempted flyby, upper stage failure Sputnik 21 (USSR) Launch 09/12/1962 Attempted flyby, upper stage failure Cosmos 21 (USSR) Launch 11/11/1963 Possible Venera engineering test flight or attempted flyby Venera 1964A (USSR) Launch 02/19/1964 Attempted flyby, launch failure Venera 1964B (USSR) Launch 03/01/1964 Attempted flyby, launch failure Cosmos 27 (USSR) Launch 03/27/1964 Attempted flyby, upper stage failure Zond 1 (USSR) Launch 04/02/1964 Venus flyby, contact lost May 14; flyby July 14 Venera 2 (USSR) Launch 11/12/1965 Venus flyby, contact lost en route Venera 3 (USSR) Launch 11/16/1965 Venus lander, contact lost en route, first Venus impact March 1, 1966 Cosmos 96 (USSR) Launch 11/23/1965 Possible attempted landing, craft fragmented in Earth orbit Venera 1965A (USSR) Launch 11/23/1965 Flyby attempt (launch failure) Venera 4 (USSR) Launch 06/12/1967 Successful atmospheric probe, arrived at Venus 10/18/1967 Mariner 5 (US) Launch 06/14/1967 Successful flyby 10/19/1967 Cosmos 167 (USSR) Launch 06/17/1967 Attempted atmospheric probe, stranded in Earth orbit Venera 5 (USSR) Launch 01/05/1969 Returned atmospheric data for 53 min on 05/16/1969 M.
    [Show full text]
  • + New Horizons
    Media Contacts NASA Headquarters Policy/Program Management Dwayne Brown New Horizons Nuclear Safety (202) 358-1726 [email protected] The Johns Hopkins University Mission Management Applied Physics Laboratory Spacecraft Operations Michael Buckley (240) 228-7536 or (443) 778-7536 [email protected] Southwest Research Institute Principal Investigator Institution Maria Martinez (210) 522-3305 [email protected] NASA Kennedy Space Center Launch Operations George Diller (321) 867-2468 [email protected] Lockheed Martin Space Systems Launch Vehicle Julie Andrews (321) 853-1567 [email protected] International Launch Services Launch Vehicle Fran Slimmer (571) 633-7462 [email protected] NEW HORIZONS Table of Contents Media Services Information ................................................................................................ 2 Quick Facts .............................................................................................................................. 3 Pluto at a Glance ...................................................................................................................... 5 Why Pluto and the Kuiper Belt? The Science of New Horizons ............................... 7 NASA’s New Frontiers Program ........................................................................................14 The Spacecraft ........................................................................................................................15 Science Payload ...............................................................................................................16
    [Show full text]
  • The Quest to Understand the Pioneer Anomaly
    The quest to understand the Pioneer anomaly I Michael Martin Nieto, Theoretical Division (MS-8285) Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alarnos, New Mexico 87545 USA E-mail: [email protected] +a l1 l I l uring the 1960's, when the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Pioneer 10 was launched on 2 March 1972 local time, aboard D first started thinking about what eventually became the an Atlas/Centaur/TE364-4launch vehicle (see Fig. l).It was the "Grand Tours" of the outer planets (the Voyager missions of the first craft launched into deep space and was the first to reach an 1970's and 1980's),the use of planetary flybys for gravity assists of outer giant planet, Jupiter,on 4 Dec. 1973 [l, 21. Later it was the first spacecraft became of great interest. The concept was to use flybys to leave the "solar system" (past the orbit of Pluto or, should we now of the major planets to both mowthe direction of the spacecraft say, Neptune). The Pioneer project, eventually extending over and also to add to its heliocentric velocity in a manner that was decades, was managed at NASAIAMES Research Center under the unfeasible using only chemical fuels. The first time these ideas were hands of four successive project managers, the legendary Charlie put into practice in deep space was with the Pioneers. Hall, Richard Fimrnel, Fred Wirth, and the current Larry Lasher. While in its Earth-Jupiter cruise, Pioneer 10 was still bound to the solar system. By 9 January 1973 Pjoneer l0 was at a distance of 3.40 AU (Astronomical Units'), beyond the asteroid belt.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigating Mineral Stability Under Venus Conditions: a Focus on the Venus Radar Anomalies Erika Kohler University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-2016 Investigating Mineral Stability under Venus Conditions: A Focus on the Venus Radar Anomalies Erika Kohler University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Geochemistry Commons, Mineral Physics Commons, and the The unS and the Solar System Commons Recommended Citation Kohler, Erika, "Investigating Mineral Stability under Venus Conditions: A Focus on the Venus Radar Anomalies" (2016). Theses and Dissertations. 1473. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1473 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Investigating Mineral Stability under Venus Conditions: A Focus on the Venus Radar Anomalies A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Space and Planetary Sciences by Erika Kohler University of Oklahoma Bachelors of Science in Meteorology, 2010 May 2016 University of Arkansas This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. ____________________________ Dr. Claud H. Sandberg Lacy Dissertation Director Committee Co-Chair ____________________________ ___________________________ Dr. Vincent Chevrier Dr. Larry Roe Committee Co-chair Committee Member ____________________________ ___________________________ Dr. John Dixon Dr. Richard Ulrich Committee Member Committee Member Abstract Radar studies of the surface of Venus have identified regions with high radar reflectivity concentrated in the Venusian highlands: between 2.5 and 4.75 km above a planetary radius of 6051 km, though it varies with latitude.
    [Show full text]
  • Rideshare and the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle: the Key to Low-Cost Lagrange-Point Missions
    SSC15-II-5 Rideshare and the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle: the Key to Low-cost Lagrange-point Missions Chris Pearson, Marissa Stender, Christopher Loghry, Joe Maly, Valentin Ivanitski Moog Integrated Systems 1113 Washington Avenue, Suite 300, Golden, CO, 80401; 303 216 9777, extension 204 [email protected] Mina Cappuccio, Darin Foreman, Ken Galal, David Mauro NASA Ames Research Center PO Box 1000, M/S 213-4, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000; 650 604 1313 [email protected] Keats Wilkie, Paul Speth, Trevor Jackson, Will Scott NASA Langley Research Center 4 West Taylor Street, Mail Stop 230, Hampton, VA, 23681; 757 864 420 [email protected] ABSTRACT Rideshare is a well proven approach, in both LEO and GEO, enabling low-cost space access through splitting of launch charges between multiple passengers. Demand exists from users to operate payloads at Lagrange points, but a lack of regular rides results in a deficiency in rideshare opportunities. As a result, such mission architectures currently rely on a costly dedicated launch. NASA and Moog have jointly studied the technical feasibility, risk and cost of using an Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle (OMV) to offer Lagrange point rideshare opportunities. This OMV would be launched as a secondary passenger on a commercial rocket into Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO) and utilize the Moog ESPA secondary launch adapter. The OMV is effectively a free flying spacecraft comprising a full suite of avionics and a propulsion system capable of performing GTO to Lagrange point transfer via a weak stability boundary orbit. In addition to traditional OMV ’tug’ functionality, scenarios using the OMV to host payloads for operation at the Lagrange points have also been analyzed.
    [Show full text]
  • Space Sector Brochure
    SPACE SPACE REVOLUTIONIZING THE WAY TO SPACE SPACECRAFT TECHNOLOGIES PROPULSION Moog provides components and subsystems for cold gas, chemical, and electric Moog is a proven leader in components, subsystems, and systems propulsion and designs, develops, and manufactures complete chemical propulsion for spacecraft of all sizes, from smallsats to GEO spacecraft. systems, including tanks, to accelerate the spacecraft for orbit-insertion, station Moog has been successfully providing spacecraft controls, in- keeping, or attitude control. Moog makes thrusters from <1N to 500N to support the space propulsion, and major subsystems for science, military, propulsion requirements for small to large spacecraft. and commercial operations for more than 60 years. AVIONICS Moog is a proven provider of high performance and reliable space-rated avionics hardware and software for command and data handling, power distribution, payload processing, memory, GPS receivers, motor controllers, and onboard computing. POWER SYSTEMS Moog leverages its proven spacecraft avionics and high-power control systems to supply hardware for telemetry, as well as solar array and battery power management and switching. Applications include bus line power to valves, motors, torque rods, and other end effectors. Moog has developed products for Power Management and Distribution (PMAD) Systems, such as high power DC converters, switching, and power stabilization. MECHANISMS Moog has produced spacecraft motion control products for more than 50 years, dating back to the historic Apollo and Pioneer programs. Today, we offer rotary, linear, and specialized mechanisms for spacecraft motion control needs. Moog is a world-class manufacturer of solar array drives, propulsion positioning gimbals, electric propulsion gimbals, antenna positioner mechanisms, docking and release mechanisms, and specialty payload positioners.
    [Show full text]
  • Space Isotopic Power Systems
    Space isotopiC power systems With the technology sound and growing, and units already built for missions ranging from 120 days to 5 years, the designer can and should plan appropriate space application of isotopic systems BY CAPT. R. T. CARPENTER, USAF U.S. Atomic Energy Commission A new space power system technology technology, and aerospace nuclear Concurrently, the terrestrial appli­ -isotopic power-has developed to safety technology contributed by the cations-the Snap-7 programs-sus­ the point where it can and should be program and used as a foundation for tained the isotopic power development considered by the space-vehicle de­ follow-on space isotopic power-system program and promoted the fission­ signer for use in many types of mis­ developments. product separations and processing sions. Because of this sound technical capability that exists within the Com­ The' Atomic Energy Commission's basis, the Commission's space-oriented mission today! The interest among isotopic space power program dates isotopic power development program terrestrial power users-the Navy, back to several years before Sputnik has made a steady, although some­ Weather Bureau, and Coast Guard­ I, but the program suffered a severe times slow, comeback through a series was sufficiently strong to sup:port this setback in 1959 when the Snap-1A of events since 1959, so that today a . fuels production program, whe:r:eas the generator development program was program technically comparable to interest in Snap-1A had been inade­ cancelled.' This pioneer program was Snap-1A could once more be under­ quate. At the same time, significant not completed because it may have taken with a high probability of suc­ quantities of the long-lived alpha­ been tt;lO ambitious for its day.
    [Show full text]
  • ANTIFATT 15RAEL:C'f, 2 SALLYPORT-NOVEMBER
    UN:VER:3I Association of Rice Alumni • November 1978 • Volume 35, Number 2 PIECING' _3,800yym 91-II5Ton ATTtLARIEK ANTIFATT 15RAEL:c'f, 2 SALLYPORT-NOVEMBER Dec. 7 North Harris Pc County — 5:30 St] Dec. 9 Angelina College — co; 5:30 — Away coi Jan. 12 St. Mary's — did 7:30 — Away ter Jan. 13 San Antonio fin 1:00 — Away MU SIC Jan. 16 SMU — ART 5:30 The Shepherd School of Music will continue te 18 Jan. Lamar — 7:00 its Fall Concert Season. All concerts take th 20 Nov. 1- "Pattern and Decoration," Jan. TCU — 2:00 place in Hanunan Hall at 8 P.M. unless an of 22 U of Houston — Dec. 13 featuring the works fifteen New Jan. otherwise noted. Concerts are free except his Away York artists. Sewall Gallery. 5:45 — when in conjunction with the Houston Friends by Jan. 8- "The Architecture of Gunnar As- Jan. 24 San Jacinto — 7:00 of Music. For more information call the Jan. 26 St. — Feb. 9 plund," an exhibition of the work of Mary's 7:00 Shepherd School Concert Line at 527-4933. Sweden's leading architect between Jan. 29 SMU — 5:00 — Away Nov. 28 Warren Deck, tuba. the two World Wars. A lecture by Mr. Jan. 31 Prairie View — 5:30 Paul Ellison, double bass. Stuart Wrede, curator of the exhibit Feb. 3 Lamar — 5:15 — Away Nov. 30 SYZYGY. Modern Art, for the Museum of New Swimming Dec. 4 Rice Symphony Orchestra. York, is planned. Sewall Gallery, Nov. 17 Rice Relays(W&M) Dec.
    [Show full text]
  • Apollo Over the Moon: a View from Orbit (Nasa Sp-362)
    chl APOLLO OVER THE MOON: A VIEW FROM ORBIT (NASA SP-362) Chapter 1 - Introduction Harold Masursky, Farouk El-Baz, Frederick J. Doyle, and Leon J. Kosofsky [For a high resolution picture- click here] Objectives [1] Photography of the lunar surface was considered an important goal of the Apollo program by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The important objectives of Apollo photography were (1) to gather data pertaining to the topography and specific landmarks along the approach paths to the early Apollo landing sites; (2) to obtain high-resolution photographs of the landing sites and surrounding areas to plan lunar surface exploration, and to provide a basis for extrapolating the concentrated observations at the landing sites to nearby areas; and (3) to obtain photographs suitable for regional studies of the lunar geologic environment and the processes that act upon it. Through study of the photographs and all other arrays of information gathered by the Apollo and earlier lunar programs, we may develop an understanding of the evolution of the lunar crust. In this introductory chapter we describe how the Apollo photographic systems were selected and used; how the photographic mission plans were formulated and conducted; how part of the great mass of data is being analyzed and published; and, finally, we describe some of the scientific results. Historically most lunar atlases have used photointerpretive techniques to discuss the possible origins of the Moon's crust and its surface features. The ideas presented in this volume also rely on photointerpretation. However, many ideas are substantiated or expanded by information obtained from the huge arrays of supporting data gathered by Earth-based and orbital sensors, from experiments deployed on the lunar surface, and from studies made of the returned samples.
    [Show full text]