PIONEER EXTENDED MISSIONS PLAN Document No. PC-1001 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AMES RESEARCH CENTER MOFFETT FIELD, CALIFORNIA 94035 MAY 20,1981 REVISION 1 NOVEMBER 30,1982 REVISION 2 JUNE 15, 1990 DISTRIBUTION NASA HEADQUARTERS Code SL Code SF W. T. Huntress, Jr. J. W. Dyer H. C. Brinton C. L. Jackson F. Carr J. Sperans A. Merwarth D. Okerson Code SFP Code SS R. 0. Fimmel R. W. Jackson L. J. Demas L. E. Lasher W. V. Jones D. W. Lozier J. C. Ling J. R. Phillips T. W. Perry M.A. Smith M. N. Wirth AMES RESEARCH CENTER CodeD D. L. Compton K. A. Hessenius CodeS J. C. Sharp P. Dyal JET PROPULSION LABORATORY A. Berman D. Bray E. Burke N. Moninger R. Ryan L. Shaw BENDIX FIELD ENGINEERING CORPQRATION R. Campo R. Chavez K. Jednorozec B. Karas R.Mann T.Quinn T. Young SAN JOSE STATE UNNERSITY FOUNDATION L. Colin ~-- .; ii DISIRffiUTION- INVESTIGATORS PIONEER 6-9 PIONEER VENUS ORBITER John Mihalov Guest·lnyesti ~tors (ContcD PIONEER 10/11 R. E. Daniell M. Dryer John D. Anderson L. Elson Aaron Barnes E. G. Fontheim R. Walker Fillius J. L. Fox D. Intriligator J. C. Gerard· Darrell L. Judge E. W. Greenstadt Frank B. McDonald R. Greeley John A. Simpson M. Harel Edward J. Smith W. Hoegy James A. Van Allen S. Kumar S. S. Limaye. PIONEER VENUS ORBITER M. B. McElroy R. Meier Principal Investigators P. Morgan P.MougUUs-Mark Aaron Barnes L. J. Paxton Larry H. Brace R E. Revercomb· Paul A. Ooutier J. M. Rodriguez Ray Klebesadel P. Rodriguez Arvydas Kliore B. Schizgal William C. Knudsen N. Sheeley H. B. Niemann J. A. Slavin Gordon H. Pettengill C. W. Smith Christopher T. Russell D. Smith A. Ian F. Stewart P. G. Steffes Robert J. Strangeway D. L. Turcotte F. W. Taylor W. T. Vestrand Larry D. Travis D. R. Wimams D. W'mske Guest lnyestiptors R. Wolff R~Woo J. M. Ajello A. Young J. Anderson Y. Yung K. A. Anderson J. Appleby Interdisciplinazy Scientists G. Balmino W. J. Borucki Siegfried J. Bauer S. W. Bougher Donald M. Hunten C. Bowin Harold Masursky S. R Brecht Andrew Nagy D. L. Carpenter · James.Pollack R. T. Dancy Nelson Spencer P. E. Oark iii NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AMES RESEARCH CENTER . MOFFETT FIELD, CALIFORNIA 94035 PIONEER EXTENDED MISSIONS PLAN MAY 20,1981 REVISION 1 NOVEMBER 30, 1982 REVISION 2 JUNE 15, 1990 APPROVED: W. Vernon Jones Pioneer 10/ll Program Scientist ~~ Lawrence Colin bct11~~ Pioneer Venus Project Scientist Pioneer Venus Pro~ Scientist ·~~-rl ~Ann C. Merwarth ~21!t1"an!# (Acnng) · Pioneer Project Manager PJ.:ogram Manager, Headquarters Chief, Pioneer Missions Office ~~W~_.W.Dyer F A. CaiT e;uty Chief, Spa~;:: Division eputy Director, S<'lar System Exploration Division, Headquarters Wesley ·• Huntress, Director, Solar System . Exploration Division, Headquarters <;;;;; Z?tb /~ Dale L. Compton . Director of Ames Research Center iy NATIONALAERONAUTICSANDSPACEAD~STRATION AMES RESEARCH CENTER MOFFETT FIELD, CALIFORNIA PIONEER EXTENDED MISSIONS PLAN PIONEER DOCUMENT PC-1001 MAY 20,1981 REVISION 1 NOVEMBER 30, 1982 REVISION 2 JUNE 15, 1990 This document is a part of the Pioneer Program Documentation which is controlled by the Pioneer Project Office, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California. As such it is requested that no copies be made by any individual of any pages within. To be placed on the distribution list for additional official' versions of this document, address your request to: Pioneer Project Manager NASNAmes Research Center Mail Stop 244-14 Moffett Field, California 94035 v NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AMES RESEARCH CENTER MOFFETT FIELD, CALIFORNIA 94035 DOCUMENT NO. PC-1001 PIONEER EXTENDED MISSIONS PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE ............................................................................... 1 2. BACKGROUND AND ORIGINAL MISSION OBJECTIVES .............. .. 2 2.1 Pioneers 6, 7, 8 and 9 .............................................................. 2 2.2 Pioneers 10 and 11 .................................................................. 2 2.3 Pioneer Venus (Pioneers 12 and 13) ............................................. .. 3 2.3.1 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer 12) ............................................... 3 2.3.2 Pioneer Venus Multiprobe (Pioneer 13) .......................................... 4 3. MISSION OBJECTIVES FOR EXTENDED MISSIONS ..................... 5 3.1 Pioneers 6, 7, 8 and 9 ............................................................... 5 3.2 Pioneers 10 and 11 .................................................................. 5 3.3 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer 12) ............................................... 6 4. TRAJECTORIES/MISSION PROFILES ........................................ 9 4.1 Pioneers 6, 7, 8 and 9 .............................................................. 9 4.2 Pioneers 10 and 11 .................................................................. 9 4.3 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer 12) ............................................... 10 5. SPACECRAFT ...................................................................... 11 5.1 Pioneers 6, 7, 8 and 9 . ............... 11 5.1.1 Systems Description ................................................................ 11 5.1.2 Systems Status ....................................................................... 11 5.2 Pioneers 10 and 11 ...................................................... ; ........... 12 5.2.1 Systems Description ................................................................ 12 5.2.2 Systems Status ....................................................................... 13 5.3 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer 12) ............................................... 13 5.3.1 Systems Description ................................................................ 13 5.3.2 Systems Status ....................................................................... 14 6. SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS ............................................... 15 6.1 Pioneers 6, 7, and 8 ................................................................ .. 15 6.1.1 Single-Axis Fluxgate Magnetometer (GSFC) .................................... 15 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTD) ~ Page 6.1.2 Faraday-Cup Plasma Probe (MIT) ................................................ 15 6.1.3 Solar Plasma Detector (ARC) ...................................................... 16 6.1.4 Cosmic Ray Telescope (UC) ........................................................ 17 6.1.5 Electric Field Detector (TRW) ..................................................... 17 6.2 Pioneers 10 and 11 ................................................................... 18 6.2.1 Helium Vector Magnetometer (JPUHVM) Instrument ......................... 18 6.2.2 Plasma Analyzer (ARC/PA) Instrument ...•....................................... 18 6.2.3 Charged Particle (UC/CPI) Instrument ...................................... , .... 19 6.2.4 Geiger Tube Telescope (UI/GTT} Instrument................................... 19 6.2.5 Cosmic Ray Telescope (GSFC/CRT) Instrument ................................ 20 6.2.6 Trapped Radiation Detector (UCSD/TRD) Instrument .......................... 21 6.2.7 Ultraviolet Photometer (USC/UV) Instrument ................•..................... 21 6.2.8 Imaging Photopolarimeter (UA/IPP) Instrument ................................ 22 6.2.9 Meteoroid Detector (LaRC/MD} Instrument ........................................ 22 6.2.10 Radiometric Science ..................................................................... 23 6.2.10.1 Search for Undetected Planets of the Solar System ........... ·................... 23 6.2.10.2 Detection of Gravity Waves ......................................................... 23 6.3 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer 12) ............................................... 23 6.3.1 Radar Mapper (MIT/ORAD) Instrument ....... : .................................. 23 6.3.2 Neutral Mass Spectrometer (GSFC/ONMS) Instrument ........................ 24 6.3.3 Retarding Potential Analyzer (LPARL/ORPA) Instrument ..................... 24 6.3.4 Ion Mass Spectrometer (GSFC/OIMS) Instrument ............................. 25 6.3.5 Electron Temperature Probe (GSFC/OETP) Instrument.. ...................... 26 6.3.6 Ultraviolet Spectrometer (UC/OUVS) Instrument ............................... 26 a 6.3.7 Cloud Photopolarimeter (GISS/OCPP) Instrument ............................. 27 6.3.8 Magnetometer (UCLNOMAG) Instrument ...................................... 28 6.3.9 Plasma Analyzer (ARC/OP A) Instrument ........................................ 28 6.3.10 Electric Field Detector (UCLAJOEFD) Instrument .............................. 29 6.3.11 Gamma Ray Burst Detector (LASL/OGBD) InstrumenL ...................... 30 6.3.12 Groundbased (Radio Science) Investigators· ..................................... 30 6.3.12.1 Pioneer Venus. Orbiter Radio Occultation Studies................................ 30 6.3.12.2 Pioneer Venus Orbiter Doppler Radio Tracking .. , .............................. 31 6.3.12.3 Atmospheric Drag Experiment (LRC/OAD) ...................................... 31 6.3.13 Interdisciplinary ScieDtists ....................................... -.................... 32 6.3.14 Guest Investigator Program .......................................................... 32 7.0 OPEAATIONS ........................................................................ 34' 7.1 Guidelines ............................................................................ 34 7.1.1 Pioneers 6-8 ............................- ................................................ ~ . 34 7.1.2 Pioneer 10 and 11 ..........................................