21-01-03 Rocketry Pioneers Space Exploration Part 1 • Konstantin Tsiolkovsky • Robert Goddard • Hermann Oberth • Wernher von Braun • Sergei Korolev PAA Novice Class # 16 January 8, 2021 NASA Brett Hardy First Artificial Satellite American Response Sputnik I- October 4, 1957 • Explorer I Sputnik II • Vanguard Sputnik III Smithsonian National Air & Space Museum NASA 1 21-01-03 Luna Program First Manned Launch • Luna 2 • Yuri Gagarin • Launched September 12, 1959 • April 12, 1961 • Impact September 14th • One, 108 minute orbit Russian Academy of Sciences First American in Space Sun • Alan Shepard • Pioneer 5 – 9 (1960 – 1983) • May 5, 1961 • Helios A & B (1974 – 1985) • Suborbital 15 minute flight • SOHO (1996 - Present • John Glenn • Stereo A & B (2006 -2016) • February 20, 1962 • 3 orbits, 4 hours 55 minutes ESA/NASA 2 21-01-03 Mercury Venus • Mariner 10 (1974 – 1975) • Venera 1 – 16 (1961 – 1984) • Messenger (2008 – 2015) • Mariner 2, 5, 10 (1962 – 1974) • Pioneer Venus Orbiter (1978 – 1992) • Pioneer Venus Multiprobe (1978) • Vega 1 & 2 (1985) • Magellan (1990 – 1994) NASA NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution Low Earth Orbit: Space Stations Low Earth Orbit: Satellites • Salyut 1 • Anik Communication Satellites • April 19, 1971 • Mir • Anik A1: November 9, 1972 • February 20, 1986 - 1996 • Skylab • May 14, 1973 – February 1974 • ISS • 1998 – Present • First crew: November 2, 2000 NASA Telesat Canada 3 21-01-03 Earth’s Moon • First explored extraterrestrial object • Most explored extraterrestrial object • Race to the Moon • Mercury • Gemini • Apollo Brett Hardy Creative Commons Mars Jupiter • Mariner 4 (1965) • Pioneer 10 – 11 (1973, 1974) • Mars 2 (1971 – 1972) • Voyager 1 & 2 (1979) • Phobos 2 (1989) • Galileo Orbiter (1995 – 2003) • Mars Pathfinder/Sojourner (1997) • Juno (2016 – 2018) • Mars Global Surveyor (1997 – 2006) • Nozomi (2003) • Mars Express (2003 – Present) • Mars Exploration Rovers (2003 – Present) • Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (2006 – Present) • Mars Science Laboratory 2011 – Present) NASA NASA 4 21-01-03 Saturn Uranus • Pioneer 11 (1979) • Voyager 2 (1986) • Voyager 1 & 2 (1980, 1981) • Cassini (2004 – 2017) NASA NASA Neptune Pluto • Voyager 2 (1989) New Horizons (2015 – Present) NASA NASA 5 21-01-03 Asteroids Comets • Galileo: Gaspera & Ida (1991, 1993) • ICE: 21P/Giacobini-Zinner (1986) • NEAR: 433 Eros (1997 – 2001) • Vega 1 & 2: 1P/Halley (1986) • Hayabusa 1: 25143 Itokawa (2018) • Suisei: 1P/Halley (1986) • dawn: Vesta & Ceres (2011, 2015) • Giotto: 1P/Halley (1986) • Hayabusa 2: Ryugu (2018) • deep Space 1: 19P/Borrelly (2001) • OSIRIS-REx: Bennu (2018) • CONTOUR: 2P/Encke (2003) • Stardust:81P/Wild (2004) • deep Impact: 9P/Tempel (2005) • Rosetta: 67P/Churyumov- Gerasimenko (2014 – 2016) Russian Academy of Sciences Kuiper Belt & Beyond Kuiper Belt & Beyond • Pioneer 10 & 11 • Ground based telescopes • Voyager 1 & 2 • Space Telescopes • New Horizons NASA 6 21-01-03 Cosmology Next Month Novice Class # 17 • Bell Labs: Arno Penzias & Robert Wilson Space Exploration Part 2 • RELIKT-1: Soviet • COBE February 5, 2021 • WMAP NASA 7 .