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Aprm Country Review Report No 11 AFRICAN PEER REVIEW MECHANISM republic of MOZAMBIQUE APRM COUNTRY REVIEW REPORT NO 11 JULY 2010 Gabinete do Primeiro Ministro - RD MOZAMBIQUE Casa de Ferro - RD Mesquita da Baixa - RD Mercado Central - RD O Bazar da Cidade 57 Fortaleza - RD Estátua Samora Machel - RD Catedral de Maputo - RD Foreword It gives me great pleasure to present the APRM Country Review Report, together with the National Programme of Action of the Republic of Mozambique. This is the eleventh report in the series and the eighth to have been accomplished under my stewardship as Chairperson of the APR Forum. After a challenging past, Mozambique has, no doubt, reinvented itself as a highly successful post-conflict transition country characterized by vitality and perseverance, as evidenced by its stability, political freedom and impressive economic growth with macroeconomic stability. Indeed, Mozambique’s economic growth over the last de- cade ranked among the highest rates for a non-oil producing country in Africa. The country also stands as a beacon of hope worthy of emulation by post-conflict coun- tries not only in Africa but also worldwide. The APRM offers Mozambique the oppor- tunity to consolidate these achievements. Nonetheless, significant challenges remain, as indicated in the Country Review Re- port. These include the fight against poverty and corruption, and other forces that hamper democratisation as well as sustaining the fast economic growth the country has attained in recent years. These challenges call for a concerted effort on the part of all concerned parties across the country. Furthermore, I invite the key stakeholders in the country and the Development Partners to study this Report carefully and con- tribute to the implementation of the National Programme of Action emanating from the exercise. In this regard, the APR Forum will receive periodic Progress Reports and maintain interest in the implementation process. I would like to thank the Government and People of Mozambique and my Peers in the APR Forum for their continued determination and commitment that have enabled us to arrive at this stage of implementation of the Mechanism as a whole. Finally, I thank the members of the APR Panel of Eminent Persons and the APRM Sec- retariat for investing their time and effort in preparing this Country Review Report. Meles Zenawi Chairperson of the APR Forum ii APRM COUNTRY REVIEW REPORT NO. 11 COUNTRIES PARTICIPATING IN THE AFRICAN PEER REVIEW MECHANISM (APRM) AND APR PANEL OF EMINENT PERSONS As of 30 June 2010, countries participating in the APRM are as follows: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda and Zambia APR Panel of Eminent Persons Prof. Adebayo Adedeji of Nigeria, representing West Africa (Chairperson) Ambassador Bethuel Kiplagat of Kenya, representing East Africa (Member and Lead Panellist for the Mozambican APRM Process) Prof. Mohammed Seghir Babés of Algeria, representing North Africa (Member) Dr Graça Machel of Mozambique, representing Southern Africa (Member) Mrs Domitila Mukantaganzwa of Rwanda, representing Eastern Africa (Member) Prof. Dorothy Ndjeuma of Cameroon, representing Central Africa (Member) APRM Secretariat Mr Assefa Shifa Officer-in-Charge, APRM Secretariat P.O. Box 1234, Halfway House 1685 Midrand, South Africa Tel: +27 11 256 3401 www.aprm-international.org/aprm iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The APR Panel is proud to produce, yet again, another and the eleventh in the series of APRM Country Review Reports, this time for Mozambique. Many people have worked tirelessly to bring about the successful completion of the peer review process in Mozambique. The APR Panel is very grateful to His Excellency, Armando Guebuza, President of the Republic of Mozambique, for his unwavering commitment to the APRM process since its inception, and for giving the Country Review Mission (CRM) all the support needed to undertake an independent exercise. The Panel would like to express its thanks to the APRM Focal Point in Mozambique, the Honourable Dr Aiuba Cuereneia, Minister of Planning and Development, and members of the National Governing Council (NGC). The Panel is very grateful to the Focal Point and the NGC for their positive engagement with the CRM. The Panel also extends its gratitude to all those who played a critical role in raising awareness about the APRM in Mozambique. Specific mention should be made of the role played by the country’s media and various civil society organisations. This made it pos- sible for Mozambique to conduct a successful self-assessment process. Above all, the APR Panel thanks the people of Mozambique for their warmth, hospitality and enthusiastic support for the peer review process. Without their participation, the CRM would have had an impossible task. We were amazed by the insight of the citizenry during the mission, and the seriousness with which they participated in the stakeholder consultations. Our colleague, Ambassador Bethuel Kiplagat, led the Mozambique peer review process with diligence, balanced sense of judgement and utmost calmness. He used his unique combination of diplomatic skills and deep knowledge of the country to ensure a success- ful review process. We are equally grateful to the team of consultants who undertook the CRM of Mo- zambique. This outstanding team, with their impressive credentials and glowing track records, included Prof. Alex Gboyega; Prof. Michele Olivier; Ms Laura Nyirikindi; Dr Abdul Aziz Jalloh; Mr Leo Kibirango; Prof. Adeniyi Gbadegesin; Prof. Fatima Karaja; and Mr Ber- nard Ntegeye. Apart from validating the Country Self-Assessment Report (CSAR) in Mo- zambique, the team members also assisted in drafting and finalising the present report under the guidance of the Lead Panellist, Ambassador Kiplagat. The Mozambique peer review process also received valuable support from two of the three designated strategic partners of the APRM: the United Nations Economic Com- mission for Africa (UNECA) and the African Development Bank (AfDB). The representa- iv APRM COUNTRY REVIEW REPORT NO. 11 tives of these institutions who participated in the CRM were Dr Gladys Mutangadura, Mr Guillermo Mangue Nnandongo and Dr Mzwanele Griffiths Mfunwa, all from UNECA; and Mr Dawit Makonnen representing the AfDB. The APR Panel further acknowledges the assistance provided by the APRM Secretariat to the Mozambique review process. Dr Afeikhena Jerome, Mr Ferdinand Katendeko, Dr Francis Chigunta and Ms Gertrude Takawira represented the Secretariat on the CRM and provided invaluable support to the thematic groups. The work of the CRM was also fa- cilitated by logistical support from Ms Dorothy Mwangi. Dr Jerome also coordinated the drafting of this Country Review Report (CRR). Last, but not least, we thank the specialists and experts who contributed to drafting back- ground papers on Mozambique in the four thematic areas of the APRM. These papers were very useful in complementing and validating the findings of the CSAR. v contents Countries Participating in the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) and APR Panel of Eminent Persons ...................................................................................iii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................iv Political map of Mozambique ............................................................................................xi Country fact sheet ..............................................................................................................xii Acronyms and abbreviations ..........................................................................................xxvi Executive summary ..............................................................................................................1 CHAPTER ONE .................................................................................................................. 41 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Evolution of the African Peer Review Mechanism .................................. 41 1.2 Progress in the implementation of the Mechanism ............................... 43 1.3 APRM process ............................................................................................. 46 1.4 APRM principles ......................................................................................... 48 1.5 Key objectives of the APRM focus areas .................................................. 49 1.6 Implementation of the APRM process in Mozambique .......................... 50 1.7 Activities undertaken during the CRM ...................................................... 53 1.8 Structure of the report ............................................................................... 55 CHAPTER TWO ................................................................................................................. 57 2. BACKGROUND ............................................................................................. 57 2.1 Brief political history .................................................................................. 58 2.2 The economy .............................................................................................. 67 2.3 Major achievements .................................................................................. 75 2.4 Challenges .................................................................................................
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