DOCSLIB.ORG

The Mozambican Peace Process in Perspective

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Mozambican Peace Process in Perspective A ccor d An International Review of Peace Initiatives “Resource material – such as Accord – is of great help for those of us working in this field” Bethuel Abdu Kiplagat, Sudan Working Group, All African Council of Churches The Accord Series Process Peace The Mozambican Accord: An International Review of Peace Initiatives is published by Conciliation Resources The Mozambican Peace (CR), a London-based NGO concerned with supporting community peace building in Africa, the South Pacific and around the world. It provides detailed narrative and analysis Process on specific war and peace processes, combining readability with practical relevance. Accord’s readers work in governments, non-governmental and inter-governmental organisations in the fields of conflict resolution, human rights, relief and development. Its in Perspective appeal should extend, however, to anyone with a general interest in its themes including academic researchers, armed opposition groups and journalists. This issue of Accord was part-financed by the the UK Department for International Development and the Irish Department of Foreign Affairs. Articles from this issue will also be published, in Portugese, in the Arquivo series published by the Arquivo Historico in Maputo. The Mozambican Peace Process in Perspective Five years on from the Rome accords, Mozambique remains politically stable despite formidable levels of poverty and social dislocation. For those seeking to address armed conflict elsewhere, the country’s negotiation process and the lasting agreements reached merit close study. This issue returns to key aspects of the Mozambican peace process. It shows how the initiatives driving the parties towards a negotiated settlement were diverse and complex and that the importance of each varied greatly through time. It also illustrates how the ending of the Cold War, the transition to majority rule in South Africa Features: and other unexpected developments added vital momentum to the Mozambican transition. In emphasising dynamism, unpredictability and the broader historical context, Complete text of the General the issue highlights the difficulties of ‘crafting’ political settlements to armed conflict. At Peace Agreement and other the same time, it underlines that key forces favouring peace exist at all levels of societies which can and should be harnessed. primary documents Issue 3 / 1998 Back issues Plus background articles and Liberia, Guatemala, Sri Lanka, Cambodia analysis on: Issues for release in 1999 Philippines/Mindanao, Georgia/ Abkhazia, Northern Ireland Regional Diplomacy Price: £12.50 or $25 (see inside for order details) Church Mediation The full text of all published Accords can be found on our website: www.c-r.org Financial Incentives Healing & Reconstruction Edited by Jeremy Armon, Dylan Hendrickson and Alex Vines Conciliation Resources London Issue 3 / 1998 An International Review of Peace Initiatives The Mozambican Peace Process in Perspective Published by Conciliation Resources, London, 1998 (Reprinted 1999, 2012) In association with Arquivo Historico, Maputo, Mozambique Mozambican Peace Process in Perspective Contents 4 Acknowledgements/Acronyms 5 Preface 9 Map of Mozambique 10 Historical Context: War and Peace in Mozambique Martin Rupiya 18 Ideological Shifts, Economic Imperatives: Southern African States and the Mozambican Peace Process Fernando Gonçalves 26 A Calling for Peace: Christian Leaders and the Quest for Reconciliation in Mozambique Dínis S. Sengulane and Jaime Pedro Gonçalves 34 Primary texts of the Mozambican Peace Process 35 The Nkomati Talks 38 The Nairobi Talks The Rome Process 40 General Peace Agreement 61 Other Texts 66 The Business of Peace: ‘Tiny’ Rowland, Financial Incentives and the Mozambican Settlement Alex Vines 75 Sealing the Past, Facing the Future: Trauma Healing in Rural Mozambique Alcinda Honwana 82 Chronology of War and Peace in Mozambique 89 Key Actors in the War and Peace Process 98 Further Reading 100 Contributors 102 The Accord Series and Order Form 104 Conciliation Resources Accord Page 3 Acknowledgements Acronyms Series Editor: Jeremy Armon AACC All Africa Council of Churches AIM Mozambique News Agency Issue Editors: Alex Vines and Dylan ANC African National Congress Hendrickson CCM Christian Council of Mozambique Programme Advisor: Andy Carl CIO Central Intelligence Organisation (Rhodesia) Contributors: João Paulo Borges Coelho, Alcinda CR Conciliation Resources Honwana, Fernando Gonçalves, Jaime Pedro CSC Supervisory and Monitoring Gonçalves, Pier Maria Mazzola, Martin Rupiya, Commission Dínis Sengulane FADM Armed Forces for the Defence of Mozambique Sales and Distribution: Leah Wedmore FAM Mozambique Armed Forces FLS Front Line States Design and Layout: Lylaani Dixon FPLM Popular Forces for the Liberation of Mozambique (later Local Partner Agency: Arquivo Historico, FAM) Maputo, Mozambique Frelimo Mozambique Liberation Front GPA General Peace Agreement Special thanks to: Jocelyn Alexander, Rose Bell, GD Dynamising Committees Paul Gifford, Reginald Green, Jeremy Grest, ICRC International Committee of the Margaret Hall, Joe Hanlon, Steve Kibble, Gary Red Cross Littlejohn, David Lord, Guus Meijer, William IMF International Monetary Fund Minter, Malyn Newitt and Anthony OMahony JVC Joint Verification Committee MID Military Intelligence Directorate for reviewing early drafts of articles. To the UK (South Africa) Department for International Development and MNR Mozambique National the Irish Department of Foreign Affairs for their Resistance (later Renamo) financial support toAccord: Mozambique. Also to OAU Organisation of African Unity the Mozambique News Agency, London and the UNDP United Nations Development Programme Nederlands Instituut voor Zuidelijk Afrika for ONUMOZ United Nations Operation in providing photographs. Mozambique Renamo Mozambique National Cover Photo: A father poses with his child at Resistance the Savane accommodation centre for mutilated SADCC Southern Africa Development Renamo veterans. Co-ordination Conference Credit: Ernst Schade/Panos Pictures SADF South African Defence Force SISE State Information and Security Copyright ©1998 Service Conciliation Resources SNASP National Service for Public 173 Upper Street Security UN United Nations London Nl 1RG, United Kingdom UNITA National Union for the Total Tel: +44-(0)20 7359 7728 Independence of Angola Fax: +44-(0)20 7359 4081 USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics e-mail: [email protected] WCC World Council of Churches Website: www.c-r.org ZANLA Zimbabwean National Liberation Army IBSN 1365-0742 ZANU Zimbabwe African National Union Permission is granted for reproduction and use ZNA Zimbabwe National Army of these materials for educational purposes. Please cite the source (Accord and Conciliation Resources) and notify us of use. Accord Page 4 Mozambican Peace Process in Perspective Preface ince the early 1980s, Mozambique Stepping Stones to a Durable has undergone a, series of Settlement remarkable transitions. Where powerful neighbours once strived S Martin Rupiya’s introductory Historical to destabilise the country, they now seek Context piece argues that attempts to resolve to guarantee and gain from its stability. Mozambique’s civil war need to be understood Commercial interests long helped to drive with reference to the broader historical and Mozambique’s destructive war, but later external context in which the post-colonial bank-rolled efforts to end it. The churches, state was formed and sought to develop. In the once were marginalised from state affairs, years following Mozambican independence subsequently came to play a key role in in 1975, government attempts to consolidate reconciling the warring parties. Guerrilla power and legitimacy created significant warfare and terror tactics were key opposition grievances among many Mozambicans, strategies, yet the former rebels operate today especially in the rural areas. With Rhodesia in the mainstream of parliamentary politics. and, later, South Africa bent on exploiting Where a luta continua (the struggle continues) and exacerbating these tensions, the principal was the government’s Marxist battle-cry, its drivers of Mozambique’s war moved beyond rhetoric is now infused with political and its borders. Only a decade and a half later economic liberalism. would conditions finally be right for a workable, intra-Mozambican settlement of Five years on from the negotiated settlement the conflict. which brought to a close 30 years of near- continuous warfare in Mozambique, the The gradual evolution of the Mozambican country remains remarkably stable. The peace process and the roles played by key transitions under-pinning this stability merit national and international actors are detailed close study by those with an interest in how in the Chronology and Key Actors sections armed conflicts in other countries can be towards the back of the issue. The primary prevented or resolved. While recognising that texts of the political settlement are laid Mozambique’s story is by no means complete, out in the centre pages. Broadly speaking, this issue of Accord documents its slow retreat Mozambique’s transition from war to peace from war, drawing on the benefits of hindsight can be broken down into five phases, the last and a variety of local perspectives. The articles of which is ongoing. highlight that the 1992 settlement, while made possible by the ending of the Cold War The first phase was between 1983 and 1985 and the demise of apartheid, was ultimately when the Frelimo government first
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Nuzr 1 9 6 7 0 3
    V V TH E HU1 The President of Zimbabwe, Joshua Nkomo CONTENTS: SMIT- REINFO CED BY SOUT AFRICA - p.1 BIG BID FOR RECOGNITION - p.2 ZIM BABWE Printed and Published by The Publicity Bureau of The Zimbabwe African Peoples Union, P.O. Box 1657, Lusaka (tPhone 72700) Zambia, OcIEW Official Oragn of The Zimbabwe African Peoples Union Registered at the GPO as a newspaper. ZI11BB.BE PEVIEWT EDITORIAL MARCH 25, 1967 NEW TENDENCIES ON THE AFRICAN SCENE The last few. eeks have witnessed very interesting events on the African scene. These events have a bearing on Africa's course towards total political and economic independence as well as its eventual political unity. The French are known, throughout history,'for thei Ocntnental profession of the ideals of fraternity, equality and liberty. It is under thijsentiment that they devised the sophisticated but subtle method of a referendum in French Somaliland. To Africa in particular, and to the world in general, France wanted to present a facade of a French people towering above the filth of colonialist methods by leaving it to the people to choose their own direction by referendum. But deep down the Fiench were caught in the realities of their contradictory elements. French Somaliland is a springboard for their markets along the z East Coast of Africa and far afield across the Indian ocean. It is only convinient for them to keep French Somaliland under their firm control in the face of competition from other trading powers. This ensures a margin of French economic survival. Hence the blackmail of our African brothers in that color7.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrobiological Assessment of the Zambezi River System: a Review
    WORKING PAPER HYDROBIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE ZAMBEZI RWER SYSTEM: A REVIEW September 1988 W P-88-089 lnlernai~onallnsl~iule for Appl~rdSysiems Analysis HYDROBIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE ZAMBEZI RIVER SYSTEM: A REVIEW September 1988 W P-88-089 Working Papers are interim reports on work of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis and have received only limited review. Views or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Institute or of its National Member Organizations. INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED SYSTEMS ANALYSIS A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria One of the Lmporhnt Projects within the Environment Program is that entitled: De- *on apport *stems jbr Mancrgfnq Lurge Intemartiorrcrl Rivers. Funded by the Ford Foundation, UNEP, and CNRS France, the Project includes two case stu- dies focused on the Danube and the Zambezi river basins. The author of this report, Dr. G. Pinay, joined IIASA in February 1987 after completing his PhD at the Centre dSEmlogie des Ressources Renouvelables in Toulouse. Dr. Pinny was assigned the task of reviewing the published literature on water management issues in the Zambezi river basin, and related ecological ques- tions. At the outset, I thought that a literature review on the Zambezi river basin would be a rather slim report. I am therefore greatly impressed with this Working Paper, which includes a large number of references but more importantly, syn- thesizes the various studies and provides the scientific basis for investigating a very complex set of management issues. Dr. Pinay's review will be a basic refer- ence for further water management studies in the Zambezi river basin.
    [Show full text]
  • Analisys of Incentives and Disincentives for Cotton In
    ANALYSIS OF INCENTIVES AND DISINCENTIVES FOR COTTON IN MOZAMBIQUE OCTOBER 2012 This technical note is a product of the Monitoring African Food and Agricultural Policies project (MAFAP). It is a technical document intended primarily for internal use as background for the eventual MAFAP Country Report. This technical note may be updated as new data becomes available. MAFAP is implemented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in collaboration with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and national partners in participating countries. It is financially supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and FAO. The analysis presented in this document is the result of the partnerships established in the context of the MAFAP project with governments of participating countries and a variety of national institutions. For more information: www.fao.org/mafap Suggested citation: Dias P., 2012. Analysis of incentives and disincentives for cotton in Mozambique. Technical notes series, MAFAP, FAO, Rome. © FAO 2013 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be made via www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request or addressed to [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report for WWF
    Intermediate Technology Consultants Ltd Final Report for WWF The Mphanda Nkuwa Dam project: Is it the best option for Mozambique’s energy needs? June 2004 WWF Mphanda Nkuwa Dam Final Report ITC Table of Contents 1 General Background.............................................................................................................................6 1.1 Mozambique .................................................................................................................................6 1.2 Energy and Poverty Statistics .....................................................................................................8 1.3 Poverty context in Mozambique .................................................................................................8 1.4 Energy and cross-sectoral linkages to poverty ........................................................................11 1.5 Mozambique Electricity Sector.................................................................................................12 2 Regional Electricity Market................................................................................................................16 2.1 Southern Africa Power Pool......................................................................................................16 3 Energy Needs.......................................................................................................................................19 3.1 Load Forecasts............................................................................................................................19
    [Show full text]
  • Land Reform from Post-Apartheid South Africa Catherine M
    Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review Volume 20 | Issue 4 Article 4 8-1-1993 Land Reform from Post-Apartheid South Africa Catherine M. Coles Follow this and additional works at: http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/ealr Part of the Land Use Law Commons Recommended Citation Catherine M. Coles, Land Reform from Post-Apartheid South Africa, 20 B.C. Envtl. Aff. L. Rev. 699 (1993), http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/ealr/vol20/iss4/4 This Comments is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at Digital Commons @ Boston College Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ Boston College Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LAND REFORM FOR POST-APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA Catherine M. Coles* I. INTRODUCTION...................................................... 700 II. LAND SYSTEMS IN COLLISION: PRECOLONIAL AND COLONIAL LAND SYSTEMS IN SOUTH AFRICA. 703 A. An Overview of Precolonial Land Systems. 703 B. Changing Rights to Landfor Indigenous South African Peoples Under European Rule. 706 III. THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF RACIAL INEQUALITY AND APART- HEID THROUGH A LAND PROGRAM. 711 A. Legislative Development of the Apartheid Land Program. 712 B. The Apartheid System of Racial Zoning in Practice: Limiting the Land Rights of Black South Africans. 716 1. Homelands and National States: Limiting Black Access to Land by Restricting Citizenship. 716 2. Restricting Black Land Rights in Rural Areas Outside the Homelands through State Control. 720 3. Restricting Black Access to Urban Land..................... 721 IV. DISMANTLING APARTHEID: THE NATIONAL PARTY'S PLAN FOR LAND REFORM............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The African Liberation Reader, Vol. 1: the Anatomy of Colonialism
    The African liberation reader, Vol. 1: the anatomy of colonialism http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.crp2b20039 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org The African liberation reader, Vol. 1: the anatomy of colonialism Author/Creator de Bragança, Aquino (editor); Wallerstein, Immanuel (editor) Publisher Zed Press (London) Date 1982 Resource type Books Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Portugal, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Southern Africa (region), Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Angola, Namibia Coverage (temporal) 1950 - 1974 Source Northwestern University Libraries, Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies, 320.9603 A2585, V. 1 Rights By kind permission of Sylvia Braganca, Immanuel Wallerstein, and Zed Books.
    [Show full text]
  • A Full Copy Is Available by Clicking Here
    THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS' PROGRAMME COMPLAINTS BULLETIN January to March 2000 Issued May 2000 CHAIRMAN'S FOREWORD As well as giving figures which cover the whole of the BBC's reporting year, this Bulletin reports on the work of the BBC's Programme Complaints Unit over the period January to March 2000. It describes the cases where the Head of Programme Complaints found that there was a breach of the BBC's high editorial standards in tenns of taste, decency, accuracy, impartiality or fairness, and sets out the remedial action agreed with the programme-makers and schedulers. The Bulletin also includes the decisions of a sub-committee of the Board of Governors on cases brought to it on appeal by dissatisfied complainants. This committee's function is not confined to reviewing whether or not particular complaints should be upheld. It also considers the adequacy of actions taken as a result of upheld complaints, and this quarter has seen a significant example (see page 19). This case prompted the Governors to ask the Director-General whether the BBC was more reluctant than it should be to broadcast corrections. The Director-General's Report, overleaf, sets out his response. It is an important strength of the relationship between Governors and management within the BBC that the Governors are able to identify general issues which individual complaints occasionally raise, and to ensure that they are addressed. Sir Christopher Bland SSC Programme Complaints Unit April 2000 Page 2 REPORT BY THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL The BBC's policy on correcting mistakes is set out in the Producers' Guidelines: "When a serious factual error does occur it is important to admit it clearly and frankly If.
    [Show full text]
  • Zimra Rates of Exchange for Customs Purposes for the Period 13 to 19
    ZIMRA RATES OF EXCHANGE FOR CUSTOMS PURPOSES FOR THE PERIOD 13 TO 19 MAY 2021 USD BASE CURRENCY - USD DOLLAR CURRENCY CODE CROSS RATE ZIMRA RATE CURRENCY CODE CROSS RATE ZIMRA RATE ANGOLA KWANZA AOA 654.1789 0.0015 MALAYSIAN RINGGIT MYR 4.1305 0.2421 ARGENTINE PESO ARS 93.8650 0.0107 MAURITIAN RUPEE MUR 40.3500 0.0248 AUSTRALIAN DOLLAR AUD 1.2830 0.7795 MOROCCAN DIRHAM MAD 8.8351 0.1132 AUSTRIA EUR 0.8248 1.2125 MOZAMBICAN METICAL MZN 58.5800 0.0171 BAHRAINI DINAR BHD 0.3760 2.6596 NAMIBIAN DOLLAR NAD 14.0341 0.0713 BELGIUM EUR 0.8248 1.2125 NETHERLANDS EUR 0.8248 1.2125 BOTSWANA PULA BWP 10.7009 0.0935 NEW ZEALAND DOLLAR NZD 1.3838 0.7227 BRAZILIAN REAL BRL 5.2227 0.1915 NIGERIAN NAIRA NGN 380.4786 0.0026 BRITISH POUND GBP 0.7082 1.4121 NORTH KOREAN WON KPW 900.0322 0.0011 BURUNDIAN FRANC BIF 1967.5281 0.0005 NORWEGIAN KRONER NOK 8.2889 0.1206 CANADIAN DOLLAR CAD 1.2117 0.8253 OMANI RIAL OMR 0.3845 2.6008 CHINESE RENMINBI YUAN CNY 6.4384 0.1553 PAKISTANI RUPEE PKR 152.0684 0.0066 CUBAN PESO CUP 24.1824 0.0414 POLISH ZLOTY PLN 3.7380 0.2675 CYPRIOT POUND EUR 0.8248 1.2125 PORTUGAL EUR 0.8248 1.2125 CZECH KORUNA CZK 20.9986 0.0476 QATARI RIYAL QAR 3.6400 0.2747 DANISH KRONER DKK 6.1333 0.1630 RUSSIAN RUBLE RUB 74.1987 0.0135 EGYPTIAN POUND EGP 15.6800 0.0638 RWANDAN FRANC RWF 983.6942 0.0010 ETHOPIAN BIRR ETB 42.6642 0.0234 SAUDI ARABIAN RIYAL SAR 3.7500 0.2667 EURO EUR 0.8248 1.2125 SINGAPORE DOLLAR SGD 1.3251 0.7547 FINLAND EUR 0.8248 1.2125 SPAIN EUR 0.8248 1.2125 FRANCE EUR 0.8248 1.2125 SOUTH AFRICAN RAND ZAR 14.0341 0.0713 GERMANY
    [Show full text]
  • Political Leaders in Africa: Presidents, Patrons Or Profiteers?
    Political Leaders in Africa: Presidents, Patrons or Profiteers? By Jo-Ansie van Wyk Occasional Paper Series: Volume 2, Number 1, 2007 The Occasional Paper Series is published by The African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD). ACCORD is a non-governmental, non-aligned conflict resolution organisation based in Durban, South Africa. ACCORD is constituted as an education trust. Views expressed in this Occasional Paper are not necessarily those of ACCORD. While every attempt is made to ensure that the information published here is accurate, no responsibility is accepted for any loss or damage that may arise out of the reliance of any person upon any of the information this Occassional Paper contains. Copyright © ACCORD 2007 All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. ISSN 1608-3954 Unsolicited manuscripts may be submitted to: The Editor, Occasional Paper Series, c/o ACCORD, Private Bag X018, Umhlanga Rocks 4320, Durban, South Africa or email: [email protected] Manuscripts should be about 10 000 words in length. All references must be included. Abstract It is easy to experience a sense of déjà vu when analysing political lead- ership in Africa. The perception is that African leaders rule failed states that have acquired tags such as “corruptocracies”, “chaosocracies” or “terrorocracies”. Perspectives on political leadership in Africa vary from the “criminalisation” of the state to political leadership as “dispensing patrimony”, the “recycling” of elites and the use of state power and resources to consolidate political and economic power.
    [Show full text]
  • Mozambique: Prospects for Stability
    UNHCR Centre for Documentation and Research WRITENET Paper No. 11/2000 MOZAMBIQUE: PROSPECTS FOR STABILITY By Patrick Chabal King’s College London February 2001 WriteNet is a Network of Researchers and Writers on Human Rights, Forced Migration, Ethnic and Political Conflict WriteNet is a Subsidiary of Practical Management (UK) E-mail: [email protected] THIS PAPER WAS PREPARED MAINLY ON THE BASIS OF PUBLICLY AVAILABLE INFORMATION, ANALYSIS AND COMMENT. ALL SOURCES ARE CITED. THE PAPER IS NOT, AND DOES NOT PURPORT TO BE, EITHER EXHAUSTIVE WITH REGARD TO CONDITIONS IN THE COUNTRY SURVEYED, OR CONCLUSIVE AS TO THE MERITS OF ANY PARTICULAR CLAIM TO REFUGEE STATUS OR ASYLUM. THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN THE PAPER ARE THOSE OF THE AUTHOR AND ARE NOT NECESSARILY THOSE OF WRITENET OR UNHCR. ISSN 1020-8429 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................1 1.1. UNOMOZ AND AFTER .................................................................................1 1.2. DEMOCRATIZATION AND THE RETURN TO STABILITY ....................................2 1.3. THE REGIONAL CONTEXT..............................................................................3 2. POLITICAL ISSUES.........................................................................................4 2.1. THE ROLE OF THE OPPOSITION ......................................................................4 2.2. ETHNIC AND REGIONAL QUESTIONS ..............................................................5 2.3. LAND REFORM
    [Show full text]
  • Economia Política Da Descentralização Em Moçambique
    A Economia Política da Descentralização Política A Economia em Moçambique O IESE é uma instituição Aparecendo na mão do leitor no momento mais oportuno, como contribuição comprometida com investigação ao debate da trajectória do desenvolvimento de Moçambique, o livro Análise AUTORES social e económica pluralista, da Economia Política da Descentralização em Moçambique aborda a Bernhard Weimer questão da descentralização da administração pública como um elemento interdisciplinar e heterodoxa, João Carrilho com enfoque no rigor e qualidade da reforma do Estado e da consolidação da paz. Argumentando em favor de responsar à politica de descentralização dos últimos 20 anos, o livro oferece académica e na relevância e ao leitor, na base de evidências, uma análise crítica dos determinantes compromisso social do seu trabalho, A Economia Política políticos, económicos, administrativos, fiscais e institucionais da abordagem aberta à colaboração e cooperação moçambicana à descentralização. e dedicada a contribuir para o desenvolvimento de redes de Os autores analisam quatro factores considerados crucias para a compreensão da Descentralização investigadores e organizações de da economia política da descentralização em Moçambique. Primeiro, examinam Factores Estruturantes, nomeadamente históricos, que explicam a economia investigação associadas sobre política caracterizada pela exportação de matéria-prima e recursos naturais, em Moçambique Moçambique e o seu enquadramento bem como a prática política e económica de rent seeking num sistema político- na África Austral e no mundo. administrativo clientelista associado com o partido dominante que produz regularmente crises e violência. Segundo, os autores discutem as Regras de Dinâmicas, Efeitos, Desafios www.iese.ac.mz Jogo da descentralização, formais e informais, com enfoque nos aspectos legais e institucionais da desconcentração, devolução e descentralização fiscal, nos níveis macro, meso e micro do sistema político-administrativo.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Santa Cruz UC Santa Cruz Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Santa Cruz UC Santa Cruz Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Performing Citizens and Subjects: Dance and Resistance in Twenty-First Century Mozambique Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1w33f4s5 Author Montoya, Aaron Tracy Publication Date 2016 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ PERFORMING CITIZENS AND SUBJECTS: DANCE AND RESISTANCE IN TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY MOZAMBIQUE A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in ANTHROPOLOGY with an emphasis in Visual Studies by Aaron Montoya June 2016 The Dissertation of Aaron Montoya is approved: ____________________________________ Professor Shelly Errington, Chair ____________________________________ Professor Carolyn Martin-Shaw ____________________________________ Professor Olga Nájera-Ramírez ____________________________________ Professor Lisa Rofel ____________________________________ Tyrus Miller Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies Copyright © by Aaron T. Montoya 2016 Table of Contents Abstract iv Agradecimientos vi Introduction 1 1. Citizens and Subjects in Portuguese Mozambique 20 2. N’Tsay 42 3. Nyau 84 4. Um Solo para Cinco 145 5. Feeling Plucked: Labor in the Cultural Economy 178 6. Conclusion 221 Bibliography 234 iii Abstract Performing Citizens and Subjects: Dance and Resistance in Twenty-First Century Mozambique Aaron Montoya This dissertation examines the politics and economics of the cultural performance of dance, placing this expressive form of communication within the context of historic changes in Mozambique, from the colonial encounter, to the liberation movement and the post-colonial socialist nation, to the neoliberalism of the present. The three dances examined here represent different regimes, contrasting forms of subjectivity, and very different relations of the individual to society.
    [Show full text]