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• TOM CEDERLIND PO Box 1963, Dept. C Portland, OR 97207 (503) 228-2746: Fax (503) 228-8130 Email: [email protected] l.... Vol. 18, NO. 6 Inside The Celafof"l ... June 2004 ~ ~rJk)!:i!~,m Consecutive Issue No. 204 Romal! CO;flflmd e ultl4re FEATURES PUbliSher/EditJ Ker r)"l<. Wetterstrom [email protected] 6 Medusa Coins: They'll Transform You by Reid Goldsborough Copy &Ii... Depictions of the Hero Perseus W• ./

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June2004 3 tions for the victims of cri mes and the name fo r it, I theft and smuggling of artifacts The would like to new proposals seem intent on creat­ learn it. ing a Byzantine (or should that be My theory as Romaion) labyrinth of red tape for to the underlying any dealer and collector of coins meaning of th is over 100 years old. symbol is the fol ­ I do wonder if the coin collecting lowing: Since community could band together to Perinthos sat create a lobbying group, or at least midway along th e northern shore of the Reader Suffers (make that fund a full-time lobbyist. Does Mr. Propontis, this Sam ian colony was situ­ Sayles envision ancient coin collec­ ated in the middle of the Athenian grain enjoys) From "Romaiosis" tors joining together with antiquities route, which stretched acro ss the Black deale rs and collectors, with other Sea to Kolch is. Perinthos. thus, was a Despite behaviors that could be U.S. coin collectors, or with all three city that looked both East and West. interpreted as 'symptoms' in the con­ groups? Th is reader certainly is will­ The horse. a common Th racian sym ­ text of Bill Behnen's medical mono­ ing and at $50 million in sales per bol, was employed to depict this bidi­ graph in the April issue of The Gela­ year there should be enough money rectional orientation of this centrally-lo­ tor, I must protest that I do not suffer for one lobbyist. cated city. If there is a better explana­ from 8yzantilis! Far from suffering On another malter, the March tion of the "di-hippos". I would like to it, I f ind thai I'm quite enjoying it. 2004 issue contained a true gem of hear it. However, t must insist that the cor­ an article, "Explaining the Market James Hughes rect medico-numismatic term is Price of the 'Tri bute Penny': Evi­ Elizabeth, NJ "Ramaiasisn. dence from 132 Auctions" by John Now about my histamenon Matsusaka. This little bit of numis­ nomisma of Romanus III , well, OK, matic scholarsh ip was truly a joy to i t's not c l assica l styl e or even read in addition to conveying some hellenistic, but it is surely the pretti­ interesting conclusions. I found the est coin minted anywhere in the 11 th fact that aside from grade and major century. Don't you think? defects most other factors play little Greg Franck-Welby ro le in the price of this coin, and one Silverton, Oregon can assume simil ar issues as well. Anyway, I mainly wanted to share my Should Our Hobby appreciation and encourage the sub­ mission of simil ar articles to th is jour­ Hire A Lobbyist? nal in the future. Jorg Lueke At your behest I quickly turned to Oakdale, Minnesota Mr. Sayles' column (April 2004 issue) on another potential attempt to give the government the power to restrict Is this Creature on many coins. I concu r w ith Mr. a "Di-hippos" Sayles that the intent may be honor­ able, butthe execution as proposed I recently acquired a rare Perinthos in this latest House resolution or in triobol minted ca. 350 Be (see photo). the Unidroit convention are need­ The reverse featu res foreparts of two lessly broad and vague and would do horses joined back-to-back. I call th is more harm than good. In th is matter, strange beast a "di -hippos" r two­ existing laws offer plenty of pro tec- horse"). If there is already another

Every month Chris Rudd offers you an amazing rare coins. All illustrated. All guaranteed genuine or double your money back. All credit cards welcome. In Liz's List all the coins are under £200. In the Chris Rudd List there is always an original article by a Celtic specialist. They are the only lists that list only Celtic coins. Ask for a free copy. Chris Rudd, PO Box 222, Aylsham, NNfolk GB-NRll 6TY. Tel (+44) 1263 735 007. Fax (+44) 1263 731 777. [email protected] www.celticcoins.com Chris Rudd

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June 2004 5 Medusa Coins: They'll Transform You mythological Gorgon sisters, the others predated the coinage. Some people in an­ by Reid Goldsborough being Stheno and Euryale. tiquity believed that a race of hairy, war­ I believe the image on these coins was like gorgons existed in the past, but this that of Medusa and not that of one of her would have also predated these coins. Ancient coins, at their best, inspire One modern meaning of the word awe, You gaze in wonderment at the art­ gorgon is an ugly, frightening woman, but istry, history, and mythology. If you be- this generic broadening of the meaning ~):~;~l;;~~;;;;~;~ didn't happen until long after the flower- oflieve coinage the will go ing of ancient and Rome. ing you into stone. Not Medusa coins other two Gorgon form your instead of several learn about them. and less confus­ lar and frequently reasons that I'm re­ with many ancient co;n1!~ c ~~:iJ;('.iRlo,;n; as Medusa coins. dig under the surface, tn<'~lm';jl!'ll'; ing they become. Medusa is not only t ~" u"lit, l. c " ~." ,, . and historical con­ . is as fascinating age on a The mythology her most common on who in antiq­ snakes rise out of her it, but the basics of the surround her face. She version arc this: oul rudely and bru.e;hcn'~ tthhy,~;~e~~~ the only mortal among lenee, ridicule, or schizoid h sisters. She was once steely eyes glower or laugh at you. i but was turned into It's not being chauvinistic or m;;ollYcZ:l"; monster by Athena for nisti c 10 joke that looking long (or being ravaged by) the Medusa image on ancienl coin\tusl " in Athena's temple. Men who oUght make a healthy hetemsexualrnan looked al Medusa turned to stone. T he switch sides or take a vow of celibacy. hero Perseus later killed Medusa by cut­ ting off her head with a harpa (sickJe), a Nomenclature seene depicted on some coins, finding her by looking at her reflection in a Numismatists most often refer to the breastpl ate o"hi,;ld, '~;';:;:;~:';~ ~:~~: shield given to him by Athena to avoid snaky figure that appears on these coins but it was still the face of "s"',' being turned 10 slone himself. From using the words Gorgon (or the Gorgon), portrayed. T he Gorgon mask, Medusa's gaping neck sprang forth the Gorgoneion, orGorgo, but they sometimes Gorgoneion, may have existed in antiq­ winged horse Pegasus and the giant use the name Medusa (the Greek spclJing uity bejore Medusa's body was added and Chrysaor, her children by Poseidon. Per­ is Medousa), who was one of the three the mythology was fleshed out. but this seus, chased by Medusa's hissing sisters, Stheno and Euryale, escaped wi th Medusa's disembodied head. giving it to Athena, who placed it in the center of her aegis. The dead head had the same power Ancient Coins of turning to stone those who looked at it. z. • Mail Bid Sales VillI (Jllr Inlt'lI1t't life lIf No doubt because Medusa was once +: T~ • Fixed Price Lists \l \l \l.rosenblumcoins.com a beautiful maiden, some images of her W • Buy or Bid Sales depict a tame or even beautiful face. This . • Numismatic Literature depiction is sometimes called the Rondanini Medusa, after the work orthe + G reek sculptor Phidias (or possibly Specializing in moderate priced ludaean ,"".e, __ (serious wallt-lists solicited) Kresilas), ca. 440 BC, with an ancient Roman copy of this depiction preserved by the Rondanini family of Rome and William M. Rosenblum /rare coins that's now in the Munich Glyptotek. p.O. box 355-CE, evergreen, colo. 80437-0355 phone 303-838-4831; 910-8245 · fax 838-1213 · [email protected] (.-

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June 2004 7 Even Ihis Medusa face, however, is still Medusa may have been mythological, • The personification of the fear of sea surrounded by snakes. but her presence in the classical world waves, thunder and lightning, volcanic Medusa may have origi nally been an was very real. eruptions, darkness. anima1s, ni ghtmares, Amazonian serpent-goddess who symbol­ Medusa's frightening appearance on the unknown, or fear in general ized the female mysteries and the coins served a propaganda purpose, as did • The personification of the barren untamable forces of nature. At thut time, many coin designs. in this case announc­ coast of Libya, where the Amazonian Medusa was an aspect of the Amazonian ing to enemics and would-be enemies, Athene was thought to have originated Athena (Athene), but the Greeks, accord­ "Don't mess with us." Warfare was en­ • The personification of female wis­ ing to this theory, separated the two and demic in the classical world, a way of life, dom, female power, fema1e creativity, or made them enemies. and death, as it has been throughout much female rage of history. Whal we read about in the newsp..1pcr was experienced flCSthand. in some way or another, by virtually ev­ eryone. Medusa coins can serve to bring home this harsh realif}' and reinforr:cour appreciation of our lot. Kamarilla, Sicily, brollze onkia (AE , Macedonia, classical 14), ca. 413-405 Be. 0: Medusa with Deeper Meanings hemidracilm (1.9g), caAi 1-348 Be. 0 : tOll8ue prolruding, R: Owl h::JI holding Medusa with tongue protl"udin8, R: Many explanations of the origins or lizard in claw, one pellel in exerglle. deeper meaning of Medusa have been female head right, possibly Artemis. Sear Greek 1064. (From the alit/lOr's suggested over the years, some fairly far­ Seal' Greek 1417. (From Ihe aUlhor's collection) fetched, all interesting. The Medusa im­ collectioll ) age has been described as: • llIc head of an octopus. squid, or Athena wasn't lheonlyonc in mythol­ cuttlefish • A symbol of fecal fert ility ogy and history to earry or display an im­ • A psychedelic mushroom Perhaps thc most realistic explanation age of Medusa as a protective totem • A variable star of the deeper meaning is anthropological, against enemies and evil. Medusa ap­ • The man in the moon with the Medusa image being described peared on the shields and breastplates of • The ~un as originating from a ritual mask common soldiers as well a~ on pottery. sculpture. • An underworld demon to primitive cults. On the other hllnd. in jewelry, furniture. gates, and buildings. • A gorilla his excellent 2()J() book Medusa: Solvin8 the Mystery oj the GorgOI!, Stephen R. Wilk makes a persuasive case for Medusa representing fear of death in the fonn of the face of a putrefying corpse. FRANK L. KOVACS But the most intriguing explanations, in my view, are psychosexuaL Like the Ancient Coins & Antiquities Medusa image itself. these explanations are graphic, honifying, and fascinating. Though none of this is salacious, if you tind matters involving sexuality unpleas­ www.frankkovacs.com ant, you mlly want to skip what immedi­ ately follows and jump to the section be­ and now additional coins also at low subtitled "The Coins." MlIn y have connected Medusa with sexuality. men as well as women. Freud. www.vcoins.comlfrankkovacs as you might expect, was one such theo­ rist, li nking her to the male fear of casu-a­ ti on. E..'lrlier, Goethe and Dante both in­ Specializing over 30 years in Greek and Roman coins terpreted Medusa a.~ a dangerous seduc­ tive force to be resisted. One feminist per­ spective is that Medusa represents the personification of rape. Another femi­ Advanced collectors especially will benefit nist perspective, put forth by Page DuBois in her 1988 book Sewing rhe from my expertise and resources Body: P.~ychoanalysis and Allciem Rep­ re.fellfaliolls of Womell, is that Medusa symbolizes women's subversive, self­ sufficient sexuality. [email protected] (415) 256-2432 But the most horrifying psychosexual explanation, detailed among other places fax (415) 945-99 16 by Ellen O. Reeder in her 1996 book Palldora: Women in Classical Greece, is P.O. Box 15 1790 · San Rafael, Cali fornia 94915- 1790

8 The Gelato( Want Your Ancient Coins Graded, Authenticated and Encapsulated? Well, here's all you need! In addition to grading., authenticating and encapsulating your ancient coins, ICG will attribute your coins. The attributions will include: • Approximate date or date range • Issuing empire, city or region) • Denomination • Ruler o r authority e leG • Metal type • Weight (if space is available on label) INDEPENDENT' Please photocopy this form and send it with your coins via USPS Registered mail to: COI N GRADlNCCOMPANY reG . 7901 E. Belleview Avenue, Suite 50 • Eng lewood, CO 80111 INSTRUCTIONS: (Please follow exactly or if you have a question call James Taylor toll-free 877-221 -4424 ext.203. )

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June 2004 9 that the fundamental meaning of Medusa sex. This superstition, according to "interpretability." As Marjorie Garber and is a symbol of male fear of devouring fe­ Walker, has existed in many dilferent cul­ Nancy J. Vickers point out in the intro­ male sexual potency. Building upon tures around the world throughout history, duction of their 200 I book The Medusa Freud's earlier thinking, Reeder theorized among other places in China, Polynesia, Reader, "What is most compelling in the that Medusa's snaky locks represent pu­ Persia, the Islamic world, and medieval long history of the myth and its retellings bic hair, her face female genitalia. In the Christianity. And perhaps, even if sublimi­ is Medusa's intrinsic doubleness: at once mythology, Reeder points OUl, only men nally, it existed in ancient Greece and monster and beauty, disease and cure, poi­ are turned into stone by gazing at Medusa. Rome as well. son and remedy. The woman with snaky The psychosexual explanation ties in with how the Medusa image was used in patriarchal Greece and Rome. It could wel l be, at least on some level, that it's behind the fright caused by looking at the Medusa imagelmd why men placed it on their annor when fighting other Bulgarian Schoo/forgery ofa Neapo/is, men and on coins when trading with other men. Macedonia, archaic drachm (4.9g). British Petroleum token archaic Regardless of how you ultimately Modern pressed silver coumeifeit with explain her, Medusa was a significant Neapolis Gorgon stater (5.2g). convincing design, jlall, and toning but presence in the ancient world. Medusa, Lightweight, undersized pewter token ol'erflat fields. (From the aUlhor':; as a concept, is also used today. A Web The reverse inscription translates into collection) search revealed that Medusa is the name "The Treasure of Ancient Money, BP of a brand of computcrsccurity software, Collectioll, Neapolis Stater, Sixth an all-girl heavy metal rock band, a Century Be. ., Given away along with

This has to do, according to Barbara women's "guerilla" poetry group, a similar ancient coin tokens (IS G. Walker in her 1983 book The Woman'5 monthly gothic dance party in premiums at petrol (gas) stations in Encyclopedia of Myths and Secret~· , with Amsterdam, an organization advocating France in the early 1970s. (From the what's been tenned the "toothed vagina." the conservation of wild plants in the aulho"'~· collection) This symbol of biting, devouring female Mediterranean area, a hotel in Australia sexuality is thought to have originated with ... the list goes on . the primordial fear that a woman's privates The most obvious aspect to how the might amputate a man's privates du ring Medusa myth has been used is Medusa's locks who could tum the unwary into stone has come to stand for all that is obdurate and irresistible." ANTIQUA INC. The Coins Ancient coins give visual and tactile • Specializing in ancient art and numis­ substance to the concept of Medusa. I've delineated 60 ancient Greek, Roman , and matics with an emphasis on qu ality, Celtic coin types featuring Medusa as a rarity, and desirability major and dramatic design clement - ei­ ther the face of Medusa filling the coin's • Over 25 years of professional expertise flan or as a disembodied head carried by Perseus. I'm not including here coin types • Regul ar and active presence in the in which the image of Medusa plays a international marketplace smaller, less dramatic role, such as those in which the Medusa image appears at the • Fully illustrated catalogues featuring center of a triskelcs (three-leg design); on carefull y selected material a shield or breastplate; as a decorative to­ tem worn around the neck, on the shoul­ • Representation for serious collectors der, or on a cloak or helmet; as a second- at all major internati onal auction sales 31)' symbol in one of coin's fields; or as a countermark. • Appraisals, market advice, Ijquidation Perusing this list may give you ideas advice and professional courtesy to all of coins to add to your want list or more insight into the coins you already have. interested parties Jerry Zayac is one collector who special­ • Visit our web site: Antiquainc.com i7..cs in collecting Medusa coins. He says he first started collecting them when he A fully illustrated catalogue sent IIpon request came across "this ugly large coin" travel­ ing in the Ukraine a few years ago. He 20969 VENTURA BLVD., SUITE #11 TEL: 818-887-0011 wasn't looking for coins but just happened WOODlAND HIUS, CA 91 364 FAX: 8 ]8-887-0069 across an Olbian cast bronze in an antique E-Mail: [email protected]

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June 2004 11 shop. a coin that had been recovered lo­ those that are on the markel frequently but In the sidebar " Pontika cally near the ruins ofChersonesus. "From also some that are seldom seen. Undoubt­ Drachms and the 'New York Hoard' of that point I just became fascinated with edly there are more. The types I've indi­ Counterfeits," I talk about a recent con­ any depictions of Medusa on ancient coin­ cated as common are the most affordable; troversy regarding Medusa coins and point age." He has a large and impressive col­ the types I've indicated as rare are among to a Web page I've created that I believe lection, with fifty coins fTOm twenty dif­ the most expensive. None of the coins il­ represents the first time these forgeries ferent cities, ranging from Italy to the lustrated here cost me more than $150. have been published en masse. In another Ukraine. I've also induded here images of a few sidebar. "Archaic Parion Hemidmchms," "fourree" ancient counterfeits, modern counterfeits, modern replicas, and modem tokens that ape or pay tribute to the Medusa image on ancient coins. While not nearly as appealing as au­ thentic and official coins, "pseudonumia" such as this is Parion, Mysia, arelwic drachm (4.0g) interesting in its own way. - sometimes referred to as 3/4 drachm I 've taken a stylistic ap­ or tctrobol, ca. 480 Be. 0 : Medusa proach with the ancient Me­ with tongue protruding, R: incuse Slavey replica ofAthenian wappenmiinzen dusa coins categorized below. square. Sear Greek 3917. (From the Medusa and bull tetradrachm (17. 19). I 've listed under the same author's collection) Pressed copy, .950fine silver, "SL COPY" type coins of the same style and '"956" countermarks on edge. (From in different denominations the author's collection) from the same mint as well as I've identified a new type of Medusa coins that differ only slightly coin, one that as far as I know hasn't in style from the same or been previously published (in English) nearby mints. I've attributed but that has recently reached the market The following catalog of Medusa these coins according to commonly used in sizeable numbers. coins, as with all efforts of this type, is references. Special thanks to Gorgoneion incomplete, a work-in-progress, though I coin specialist Ed Snible for reviewing Greek Era Coins believe it includes the most representa­ rhe attributions, though any mistakes or tive and interesting types, particularly omissions remain my own. Typically Medusa appears on Greek and related coins as a head facing front that fills the coin's flan. There are several main styles, with some coins combining NUMISMATICA ARS CLASSICA two or more of these styles: Wild snake­ hair, snakes around head in a snaky crown, ANCIENT COINS AND MEDALS subdued hair (sometimes with Medusa GREEK - ROMAN - BYZANTINE - MEDIEVAL - RENAISSANCE morphing into other figures such as Apollo, Helios, or Alexander the Great), AUCTIONS - LISTS wings on head, tongue protJUding, tongue inside mouth, and baring teeth ferociously. VALUATIONS Medusa appears on both obverses and reverses of Greek coins, roughly twice as often on the obverse. You can find Medusa on Greek era coins of silver, bronze, gold, e!ectrum, and billon. As with Greek coins in gen­ eral, most were struck, but some were cast. They range from the very small (hemitartemorion, or 1/8 obol) to the very large (IOO-gram AE 70s), from the very inexpensive (about $15 or so) to Catalogues upon request many thousands of dollars. One pricey annual subscription rate US$ 75. example, relates dealer Barry Murphy, is an Athenian wappenmtinzen tet­ NUMISMATICA ARS CLASSICA AG radrachm that sold for the equivalent of Niederdorfstrassc 43 3rd Floor Genavco House $17,700 (including buyer's fee) through a Leu Numismatik auction in 1999. Very PO Box 2655 17 Waterloo Place recently, a Syracusan gold tetralitron, CH-8022 Zurich London SWIY 4AR with the Medusa image inside a shield Tel. +41 1261 1703 Tel. +44 207 839 7270 on thc obverse, sold through eNG's Tri­ Fax, +41 I 261 5324 Fax. +442079252174 ton Vll auction for $63,250 (including [email protected] [email protected] buyer's fee) . www.arsclassicacoins.com text continued on page 16. ..

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June2004 13 Apollonia Pontika Drachms and the "New York Hoard" of Counterfeits By Reid Goldsborough and dealer sales, Varieties of these counterfeit Apollonia Pomika and main lypes exist, and other main types Mesembria diobols was dispersed. During the New York International may very well exist also. These fakes also initially fooled many Numismatic Convention of 1999, thou­ You can view images of each of top dealers, and when credible questions sands of modern counterfeits of Apol­ these ten types, as well as images of 22 were raised, many quickly refunded Ionia Pontika (Apollonia Pontica) forgeries, at a Web site I've set up for customers' money. Sometimes. the drachms were sold to coin dealers as this purpose: newer New York Hoard forgeries are authentic coins, fooling many, though hIt p: Ilrg. ancien ts. i n fol also referred to as Black Sea Hoard forg­ soon afterward they were condemned. bulgarian_school eries, but for clarity's sake this tenn is It was found thal they were made of Type One is seen the most frequently. probably best used in reference to the sterling silver (an alloy of92.5 percent and it's the one that the New York Hoard earlier forgeries. silver, plus copper or other metals). forgeries were pattemed after. It's the only Unlike with the 1999 New York which may have come from melted­ one of ten types in which Medusa has a Hoard forgeries, however, controversy down silverware, whereas ancient small head and dramatic puffed-oul lingered over the 1988 Black Sea Hoard Greek silver coins typically consist cheeks. With Types Two 10 Ten. Medusa's forgeries. A long debate, in fact. raged of nearly pure silver. Conscientious face is rounder and proIXlrtioned more like in the numismatic press about the legit­ dealers who handled these fakes re­ a human face, though Type Two is tmnsi­ imacy of these coins, with one promi­ funded money to customers they tional, with slightly puffed-out checks. nent publication pronouncing the coins could locate. This as far as I know is I believe that wilh Types Eight to Ten, as genuine and chastising those who felt the first time these forgeries have Medusa is beginning to morph into Apol­ otherwise in an editorial. Even though been published en masse. lo, which isn't fully realized until the Martin Price, Wayne Sayles. and other I'm calling this group of forger­ smaJler Apollonia Pontika diobols. With of the world's top numismatists con­ ies the "New York Hoard" after an the diobols, Medusa's snaky hair trans­ demned them, some dealers and auc­ earlier and similar group of forgeries fonns into Apollo's spiked hair or laurels, tion houses continued to sell them as that has come to be known as the and his tongue is fl.Ollly in his mouth. Even authentic coins. It wasn't until Frank "Black Sea Hoard." Both groups of here, though, Apollo's hair spikes some­ Kovacs discovered the dies of these forgeries emanated from Bulgaria times lake on the appearance of snakes, fakes for sale in Bulgaria that the mat­ (the Black Sea area), with the origi­ which is why these diobols are sometimes ter was put to rest. Today, Black Sea nals of these fakes emanating from the described as Medusa/Gorgon coins. Hoard forgeries still regularly appear on same area as well. and both groups were On the earlier varieties, which were the market as authentic coins. dispersed in New York City. minted ca. 450-400 Be, Medusa appears (Sec Ed Snible's Web site. Black Sea The authentic versions of these forg­ on the reverse (concave) side. On later Hoard, at http://www.snible.org/coinsJ eries are visually and historically inter­ varieties. which were minted ca. 400-350 ap.hlml. and Kerry Wettcrstrom's arti­ esting coins, minted ca. 450-350 BC BC, Medusa appears on the obverse (con­ cle, "Recent Black Sea Hoard Discov­ in the Greek colony of AIXlllonia Pon­ vex) side. I'm calling the latter varieties ered to be Fake," at http:// tika, which was situated in Thrace along light drachms because they weigh about www.ancients info! the Black Sea. Most strikingly, these a half gram less than the earlier variet­ modules.php?s:&name:Articles& coins feature the image of a Medusa ies. The variety I'm calling Type Six is sop:viewarticle&artid:7, for pictures with her longue sticking out. transitional. having the full weight of a and further discussion of theApol1onia The wide variety of styles of drachm but with Medusa on the obverse Pontika diobol forgeries.) these coins, however, makes au­ (convex) site. Despite being quickly condemned, Ihentication in general more chal­ With both drachms and light drachms, the newer New York Hoard forgeries lenging. I've identified ten main the opposite side depicts an anchor and of Apollonia Pontika drachms also reg­ types, which I'm simply calling cmyfish. Sometimes the crayfish appears ularly appear on the market as authen­ Types One through Ten. This is to the left of the anchor, wmetimes to the tic coins, particularly through eBay. The based on a ~'>tylistic analysis, using right. Most often an A for Apollonia ap­ original fakes were returned to the seIl­ as sources David Sear's Greek pears on the opposite side of the anchor, er, and no doubt the same forgers who Coins and Their Values; Sylloge though sometimes it doesn'1. On one va+ produced them have produced others. NummOl'UnI Graecorum, British riety (Type Ten), an inscription appears In fact, as I write this, 8 of 38, or Museum, Vol. IX, Part I: The Black on the reverse above the anchor, which is 21 percent, of the Type One Apol­ Sea (SNG 8M Black Sea); SyUoge likely an abbreviation of the name of the Ionia Pontika drachms listed at Nummorum Graecorum, Danish magistrate responsible for the coinage. Wild winds, the ancient coin archive National Museum (SNG Cop.); The Web site at http:// Dewing Collection of Greek Coins The Forgeries www.wildwinds.com. arc die (Dewil/g); Catalogue of Greek matches for the New York Hoard Coins: Boston Museum of Fine Arts The contrast between these recent forgeries. More accurately, the Wild­ (Boston MFA); the online auction forgeries and earlier, similar ones is in­ winds specimens are die matches for archive sites CoinArchives.com and formative. At the 1988 New York Inter­ the 22 forgery dies whose images I've Wlldwinds.com; and recent auction national, the famous Black Sea Hoard of gathered. Note: Wildwinds has since

14 The Gelato( taken down its section on Apollonia Iliagoostks of the Forgeries • Medusa's eyes have a slanted, Pontika drachms because of the fre~ "Oriental" appearance on many of quency of fakes on the market, an un~ Reportedly, more than 60 different the fakes. fortunate occurrence related to these dies were used to create an estimated • On many, not all, of the fakes, interesting coins. 3,000 New York Hoard forgeries of the crayfish has too many legs. Wildwinds includes in its data~ Apollonia Pontika drachms distributed • The center groove of the an­ base only the auctions of those deal~ at the 1999 New York International Nu­ chor on many, though not all, of the ers considered trustworthy (though mismatic Convention. fakes is very pronounced, while this it doesn't include the auctions of all With this many forgery dies, the dj­ groove may not be present at all on trustworthy auctioneers or dealers). agnostics aren't clear-cut. There's no one authentic coins. It's nOI unreasonable to conclude smoking gun that definitively identifies • Some of the fakes are well· that if you factored in all dealers all forgeries as forgeries. According to struck and well-centered on well­ selling these coins, and if you com· a report from a collector, one high ~ visi­ rounded f1ans, while many of the pared the Wildwinds specimens bility coin dealer recently reacted angri­ authentic coins are struck off-cen­ with images of all 6O~plus forgery ly to having to accept the return of a coin ter on odd ~ shaped, ragged flans. dies that have been identified, the that was a die match for one of the forg­ This also isn't foolproof because estimated percentage of fake Apol· eries illustrated on my New York Hoard some of the genuine coins are well- Ion i a c e n - Pontika teredo drachms some on the of the market fake s w 0 u 1 d are off­ increase center, well be~ Apollonla Pontlka, Apollonla Pontlka, Thrace, "New York Hoerd" coun­ and so yond 21 Thrace, Type 1 drachm Type 4 drachm (3.4g), ca. terfeit of Apoffonia Pontika, on. percent. (3.4g), ca. 450·400 BG. R: 450-400 B.C. R: Medusa Thrace, Type 1 drachm • With Medusa with tongue pro­ with tongue protruding, (3.4g). (From the author's Wild· m 0 s t winds is trUding, small head, puffed­ round face, straight horizon­ collection) of the an excel· out cheeks, hair of pellets, tal bangs parted in the fakes, lent re· and crown of snakes, 0: middle, straight vertical hair the source Anchor and crayfish. Sear on top of the head, and a hi g h Greek 1655. (From the crown of snakes, 0: Anchor and is de· po i n t author's collection) and crayfish. Dewing 1275. servedly of the (From the author's collection) well·re ~ con - garded, a c a v e terrific reverse site in particular for checking recent Web page. He remarked that these coins - Medusa's nose - is above the prices of ancient coins in the online lacked common characteristics that plane of the coin's rim, while on auction market. It necessarily must, would condemn them as forgeries. most of the authentic coins, the nose however, rely primarily on attribu ~ Though there aren't universal diag­ is below this plane. You can make tions from auction sellers. Telling­ nostics, there are indications, accord· this determination by placing the Iy, Wildwinds represents a sampling ing to Robert Kokotailo, owner of coin on a table reverse-side down of the market ... and a clear warning Calgary Coin & Antique and modera­ to see if it rocks back and forth on to be careful out there. tor of the Ancient Coin Forgery Dis­ Medusa's nose. Another ominous sign was the cussion List, and others: • Many of the fakes have unnat­ open sale of these same fakes, as • With the fakes, Medusa's forehead ural-looking golden-brown or gray­ authentic coins, by a dealer at the is small relative to the rest of the head, brown toning, but this toning comes 2004 New York International Nu­ and the cheeks are puffed oul. But this off with cleaning, so this also isn't mismatic Convention (NY INC), isn't foolproof because many genuine definitive. who was selling a group of about coins were struck with this style as well All of this reinforces the 50 of them before he was notified - the variety I'm calling Type One. that counterfeit detection isn't an of their spurious nature and with­ • On some of the fakes, Medusa's exact science and that collecting drew them for sale. hair consists of two rows of beads, while ancient coins isn't risk free. Need­ Interestingly enough, just as with genuine coins, her hair Iypically less to say, the inevitable presence with the previous Black Sea Hoard consists of one row of beads. of fakes shouldn't deter you from forgeries, these more recent New • Medusa has a wide-eyed demonic enjoying the hobby. Though coun­ York Hoard forgeries have gained expression on many of the fakes, while terfeits are a harsh reality, the num­ somewhat of a cache as collectibles on many of the authentic coins the ex­ ber of genuine coins in the ancient because of their notoriety. BUI if pression is almost comical, though on coin market as a whole dwarfs the you're so inclined, you want to buy some of the fakes the expression is com­ number of counterfeits. Buy sman. them as counterfeits, and pay ac­ ical and on some of the authentic coins Knowledge is power. cordingly, not as authentic coins. it's demonic.

June 2004 15 Medusa Cout. from page 12 Edward J. Waddell, Ltd. Here are the major stylistic types: Ancient Coin Specialist Populonia, Etruria, didrachm and drachm, ca. 5th-3rd century Be 0: Me­ dusa with tongue protruding and long hair, x's or v's beneath, R: blank or x-marks. Sear Greek 272-275. MOlya, Sicily, obol, ca. 415-405 Be. 0: Medusa with tongue protruding and beaded hair, R: palm tree. Sear Greek 867 . Also bronze (Sear Greek 115 1). Syracuse, Sicily, gold obolJdidrachm, ca. 405-380 Be. 0: Athena left, R: Me­ dusa with tongue protruding, wavy hair, and snakes circling head. Sear Greek 948. Also gold diJitron (rare). Kamarina, Sicily, bronze trias and onkia, Ca. 413-405 Be. 0: MedUSa with tongue inside mouth, R: owl left holding lizard in claw, three pellets in exergue (tri­ as, Sear Greek 1062), one peliet in exer­ gue Conkia, Sear Greek [064). Himera, Sicily, bronze hemilitron, pentonkion, or trias, ca. 430-420 Be 0: Medusa with smile and protrucli ng tongue, hair standing on end, R: six pellets for hcmilitron, five pellets for pentonkion, PO. Box 3759, Frederick, MD 21705 three pellets for trias. Scar Greek 1[05- Ph one: (301) 473·8600 or (BOO) 381-63% · Fax: (301) 473-8716 - E-ma;[;<:d@co;n.com 1107. Smallcrbronzes also issued with two and one pellet on reverse. Sclinas, Sicily, cast bronze tetras, 17g, ca. 435-415 Be. 0: Medusa with teeth exposed, R: Medusa. Calciati r pg. 233, 2. SeHnos. Sicily, cast bron7..C trias, 109, ca. 435-4 15 BC 0: Medusa with placid face, R: Selinon leaf and four pellets above. Calciati I pg. 234, 3. Sclinos. Sicily, cast bronze tetras, 109, ca. 435-415 Be 0: Medusa with mouth ebtebal open, R: celery leaf and three pell ets above. Caleiati I pg. 234,4. , Sarrnatia, cast AE 70, Ga. 3rd to I st century Be. 0: Medusa with pro­ ~tlbtr truding tongue, R: eagle right holding dol­ phin . Scar Greek 1682. Also AE 70, Me­ dusa with tongue inside mouth (described in some sources as Medusa. in some as $8 "female head''). eagle right holding dol­ phin, andA£ 35 , Medusa with tongue in­ Curious about medieval as a natural complement to your ancient side mouth, eagle left holding dolphin. Olbia, Sarrnatia, cast AE 28-40, ca. collection, but don't wantto invest much until you know you like 3rd to I st century Be. 0 : Medusa with it? Then start small and painless. For every $8 you send, I' 11 send tongue inside mouth, R: wheel spokes. you a different medieval coin ... $16 for 2 different, $32 for 4 Sear Greek 1683. Apollollia Pontika, Thrace, drachm different, $80 for 10 different, etc. With 12 different get a free (common and commonly forged), ca. 45Q.. copy of Walker's Reading Medieval European Coins. Please add 400 Be. 0: anchor and crayfish, R: Me­ $2 postage per order. dusa with tongue protruding and hair of [email protected] snakes. Sear Greek 1655. (845) 434-6090 Apollonia Pontika, Thrace, drachm, lIen G. Berman FAX (845) 434-6079 Ga. 400-350 Be. 0 : Medusa with lOngue ...... " N".... ""' ''~ U,S. orders acid $2 poslage ~ protruding and hair of snakes. R: anchor P,O. Box 605-E overseas orders senl at b

16 The Gelator side. See the sidebar "Apollonia Pontika incuse square. Sear Greek 1303- 1306. Seriphos, Cyc1ades,AE 17-20,ca. 2nd Drachms and the 'New York Hoard' of Neapolis, Macedonia, classical century BC. 0 : helmeted Perseus, R: Me­ Counterfeits" for a discussion of the dif­ drachm, hemidrachm (common), AE 11, dusa with subdued hair aboveharpa (sick­ ferent varieties of these coins. ca. 41 1-348 Be. 0 : Medusa with tongue le). Sear Greek 31 42. Maroneia, Thrace, hemiobol, ca. 398- protruding, R: female head right, possibly Methymna, Lesbos, diobol, ca. 500- 385 Be. 0: Medusa with tongue protrud­ Artemis. Sear Greek 14 16- 14 18. 450 Be. 0: Medusa with wide mouth, R: ing, R: grapes inside incuse sq uare. Amphipolis, Macedonia, AE 20-27, Athena left. Rosen 550. Schonert-Geiss. Die Mumpragung VOII after [68 Be. during Roman period. 0 : Mytilene, Lesbos, archaic billon Marvneia 354. Medusa with tongue inside mouth, long stater, ca. mid-6th century Be. 0 : Me- hair, wings in hair, R: helmeted Athena Slarlding left, holding Nike, shield, spear. SNG Cop. 85, 86. Athens wappenmunzen didrachm (rare), ca. 545-515 Be. 0 : Medusa with tongue protruding, R: incusc square. Sear Greek 1834. Fractions as Parion, Mysia, classical hemidrachm Fourree of Parion, Mysia, cla ssical well (Rosen 197, 198). (2.0g), ca. 350-300 Be. R: Medusa hemidrachm (1 .9g), with exposed Athens wappenmtinzen tet­ with tongue protruding and snakes bronze in terior. (From the author's radrachm (rare), ca. 515-510 Be. 0 : circling head, 0: Bull looking back, collection) Medusa with tongue protruding, R: bull star. Sear Greek 3922. (From the author's collection) within incuse square. Sear Greek 1835. Athens wappenmunzen tet­ radrachm (rare), ca. 515-5 10 Be. 0 : dusa with tongue protruding, wide Medusa with tongue protruding, R: mouth, and curly hair, R: incuse square. Thraco-Macedonian hemiobol, ca. lion/panther within ineuse square. Sear Sear Greek 3484. 480-450 Be. 0: Medusa with tongue in­ Greek 1836. Mytilene, Lesbos, electrum sixth side mouth, R: kantharos (drinking cup) Koroneia, Boeotia. obol, ca. 375 Be. staterlhekte, ca. 52 1-478 Be. 0 : Medusa in incuse. CNG 58. lot 354. 0: Boeoti an shield, R: Medusa with K and wi th wild hair and wide mouth, R: Neapolis, Macedonia, archaic o on either side. Scar Greek 2421. Bearded Herakles right, inside incuse stater, drachm, and trihemiobol, ca. Corinth trihemiobol, ca. 350-306 Be. square. BMC Troas etc. p.1 57, 14. 510-480 Be. 0 : Medusa with tongue 0: Pegasos left, R: Medusa with tongue protruding and fierce expression, R: inside mouth. Sear Greek 2638.

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June2004 17 Mytilcnc, Lesbos, elect rum sixth Sea 1253), Phamaceia (SNG BM Black R: bull right. SNG Cop. 273 . staterlhekte, ca. 450-330 Be. 0: Pan right, Sea 1275), and Taulara (SNG BM Black Miletos, Ionia, electrum stater, ca. 600- R: Medusa with tongue inside mouth and Sea 1293). 550 Be. 0: double Medusa, chin to chin, subdued hair, inside incuse square. Scar Kyzikos, Mysia, elcctrum stater (rdfe), R: three punches. Sear Greek 3441 . Greek 4246. ca. 478-413 BC, 0: Medusa with tongue Ephesos, Ionia, III 2 stater, 1!24stater, AbydQ<;, Troas, drachm, 3/4 drachm, protruding, tunny (fish) below, R: incuse ca. mid-6th century Be. 0: Medusa with obol, hemiobol, hemitartemorion (118 square. Boston MFA 1445. tongue protruding, wide mouth, and wild obol), ca. 480-450 Be. 0: eagle left, R: Parion, Mysia, archaic drachm (some­ hair, R: incusc square. Cf. Auihauser 14, Medusa with tongue protruding and wild times referred to as 3/4 drachm or lot 143, 144. hair. Sear Greek 4002-4006. tetrobo!), hemidrachm (common), ca. 480 Be. 0: Medusa with tongue pro­ truding, R: incuse square. Sear Greek 3917,3918. See the sidebar, "Archaic Parion Hemidrachms." Parion, Mysia, classical hemidrachm (common), ca. 350-300 , Pisidia, trihemiobol (0.8g), ca. Be. 0: bull looking back, R: Medusa 370-360 B. G. 0: Medusa with tongue with tongue protruding and snakes cir­ L Plautius Plancus denarius (3.9g), protruding, R: Athena_ Sear Greek cling head. Sear Greek 3919 (nA above ca. 47 B.G. 0: Medusa smiling, R: 5473, (From the author's collection) bull, PI beneath ), 3920 (club beneath Aurora or Victory conducting rhe four bull), 3921 (grapes beneath bull), 3922 horses of the sun. Sear Millennium (star beneath bull). Edition 429. (From the author's col­ Amisos, Pontos, AE 26-31, ca. late Parion, Mysia, tetradrachm (rare), ca. lection) 2nd to early 1st century Be, 0: Athena 2nd century Be. 0: Medusa with longue righI, R: PeJ1;eus holding harpa (sickJe) in protruding, R: Nike le ft carrying palm right hand, Medusa's severed head in left branch. Scar Greek 3923. Selge, Pisidia, Asia Minor, trihcmi­ hand, Medusa's body al his feet, AMl­ Parion, Mysia, AE 23124, ca. 2nd­ obol (common), ca. 370-360 Be. 0: LOY. SearGreek3637. Similar coins, with I st century Be. 0 : Medusa wi th tongue Medusa with protruding tongue, R: Ath­ different inscriptions, from Kabeira (Sear in mouth, R: eagle right. SNG Von Au­ ena. Sear Greek 5473 (Athena right), Greek 3652), Komana (Sear Greek 3656), lock 13 30. 5475 (Athena left). Amastris (Sear Greek 3674), Sinorle (Sear Parion, Mysia,AE 17, ca. 2nd-lstcen­ Selge, Pisidia, trihcmiobol (common), Greek 3707), Chabacta (S NG 8M Black tury Be. 0 : Medusa with tongue in mouth, ca. 3rd century Be. 0: Medusa with long hair morphing into Apollo or Helios, R: Athena. Sear Greek 5478, 5479 (spearhead behind Athena's head). Similar but less common coin from , Pisidia, with Dr. Busso Peus N achf. Athena, astragaJos (knucklebone symbol), - NUMISMATISTS AND AUCT IONEERS SINCE 1870 - and harpa (sickle) on reverse, Head pg. 708. Selge, Pisidia, 3/4 obol, ca, 3rd cen­ tury Be. 0: Medusa with long hair mor­ phing into Apollo or Helios, R: lion right. Sear Greek 5480, 5481 (astraga­ los beh ind lion's head). Etenna, Pisidia, obol, ca. mid-4th cen­ • PURCHASE AND SALE OF ANCIENT, MEDIEVAL AND tury Be. 0 : Medusa with longue inside MODERN COINS AND MEDALS AS WELL AS OF IMPORTANT mouth, R: harpa(sickle). Sear Greek 5457. NUMISMATIC UBRARIES , Pamphytia, bronze, ca. 4th- 3rd century Be. 0: Medusa with tongue • AT LEAST TWO PUBLIC AUCTIONS / MAIL BID SALES A YEAR inside mouth and hair in big circles, R: • APPRAISALS AND EXPERT ADVICE caduceus. Sear Greek 5403. • AlTENDINC MOST MAJOR INTERNATIONAL SALES Eikonion, Lycaonia, bronze, ca. 2nd ON BEHALF OF CLIENTS half of 1st century Be. 0: Perseus car­ rying Medusa's disembodied head on his Catalogs available by subscription at a biennial rate of U.S. $40 (4 issues). left shoulder, R: Zeus on throne, Sear Payments may nQ1 be made by Credit Card Greek 5504. Mallos,Cilicia,AE II, 12, ca, 375-360 PLEASE CONTACT US FOR FURTHER INFORMA n ON Be. 0: river god Pyramos or Triptolcmos ;'¢~'> Bomwiesenweg 34, right, R: Medusa with snakes around head. ~~ ~~ D-60322 Frankfurt a.M. 1, Gennany Sear Greek 5572. Soloi Pompeionpolis, Cilicia, AE 25, _$7 Phone: (011 49 69) 959 66 20 4:"1 ca. 2nd century BC. 0: Medusa with Fax: (011 49 69) 55 59 95 ~ V- wings, R: Aphrodite on bull galloping e~7 www.peus-muenzen.de right. SNG von Aulock 5875. I E-mail: [email protected] continued on page 22." 18 The Gelator T r u e Va 1 u e s o f • H l s t o r y

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June2004 19 Archaic Parion Hemidrachms By Reid Goldsborough ("Parion 5"). I had concerns, though, I'm guessing that a large hoard about two other specimens. despite the or several large hoards of these coins The single most frequently auc­ fact that one was loaned to me by a surfaced recently in Bulgaria, Ro­ tioned Medusa coin at coin shows and widely respected numismatist ("Parion mania, Serbia, or other countries that on eBay are archaic hemidraehms 3"), while the other was sold to me by a used to be ancient Thrace. Genov most likely minted in PaTion volume eBay dealer ("Parion 2"). Like said be bought a group of 180 of (), Mysia, ca. 480 Be. David the first two specimens, these latter two these in Germany in April 2000 Sear in his 1979 standard Greek Coins also have flat, low-relief surfaces, aren't (he had no knowledge of their ori­ and Their Values, Volume 2, refers to carefully engraved, and are worn and gin), and he said sizable numbers coins that weigh around 2.6 grams as porous. of these coins were also bought by hemidrachms (some dealers call these t was correct with my guesses about other dealers at the same time. He coins drachms), and he refers to larger "Panon 4" and "Parion 5." Sear con­ also said he has seen these types coins of the same type that weigh demned them as likely being modern before as well. around 4.0 grams as three-quarter cast fakes. Sear indicated that the speci­ I believe these Thracian imita­ drachms (some dealers call them men from the European auction house tions of archaic Parion hemidrachms drachms, some letrobols). ("Pari on 1") was a typical archaic are interesting coins in themselves The weights of these coins vary Parion hemidrachm, with its character­ and ought to be identified for what continuously over a wide range. istically bold, high-relief surfaces and they are. The Thracians are a fasci­ Catalogue of the Greek Coins of good definition oflhe device (Medusa). nating people, considered barbarians Mysiu, published in 1872, lists 13 I learned something new, and quite re­ by the Greeks but respected and specimens ranging from 60.1 grains vealing, about the other two specimens, feared by them for their skills in to 25.0 grains (3.91 grams to 1.63 "Panon 2" and "Pari on 3:' coins I ini­ metalwork and warfare. These coins grams). When attributing these coins tially had concerns about. are the least expensive Medusa coins using Sear GCV numbers, Ed Snible, on the market right now. a fellow collector who has created an Imitative Issues Compared with the official excellent Web page about these coins Parion issues, these imitative issues at hnp:/fwww.snible.orgfcoinsf In a phone conversation, Sear pre­ show evidence of less attention to parion.html, suggests you use SG sented two scenarios, though he said he detail and inferior workmanship. 3917 for specimens weighing more believed the first was the more probable. According to Genov, their low re­ than 3.5 grams and SG 3918 for He felt that these two coins were likely lief is the single most noticeable dif­ specimens weighing less. Ultimately, imitative issues, minted not in Parion ference. But the proportions of the though, the current denominational but outside the Greek world, though he Medusa image are also noticeably classifications are unsatisfying. This couldn't identify where. The second off. Medusa may have small eyes area is another numismatic area that's possibility he presented was that they with big nose or big eyes with ripe for more work. were official issues minted in Parion but small nose. Her moutb may be tOO Most of the archaic Padon that they chronologically followed the big or too small compared to the hemidrachms sold today have the earlier higher-relief varieties and had rest of her face. One eye may be same look to them. They have nat sur­ deteriorated in execution and appear­ bigger than the other or may be in faces, are typically worn to a grade ance. higher relief than the other. of Fine or less, and arc slightly to very Two other sources leod credence The two modern cast fakes. porous. to the first scenario. In his 2000 "Parion 4" and "Parion 5," are of Some look questionable. As a test, booklet The Odrysian Kingdom even lower relief than the imitative I bought or borrowed five different from the Late 5th 10 the Mid-4th issues. Here are other diagnostics of specimens of these coins from five Centuries B.C.: Contributions to the these forgeries, according to Sear different sources: A volume dealer on Study of Its Coinage and History, and a number of dealers I talked to eBay, another eBay seller whose Stavri Topalov points to the about them: coins often look questionable, a vol­ Thracian origin of these types. The • The obverse device (Medusa) ume dealer with a table at a major na­ Thracians, living to the north of blends into Ihe edge of the coin, lional coin show who had a bag of 31 both Greece and Asia Minor, imi­ without a border separating them of these coins, a widely respected nu­ lated a number of other ancient • The reverse incuse fields are 100 mismatist who had boughl his speci­ Greek coin lypes as well. Parion, on shallow men from a top U.S. auction house, the coast of the Black Sea, was close • The incuse lines are 100 weak and a top European auction house. 1O Europe and in close proximity to • The flan is too round or thick r sent these five coins to David the Thracian tribes. • The thickness of the edge is too Sear in a blind lest. My guess was that Also, Dmitre Genov of Ancient Auc­ even, not variable he would not be able to confirm as tion House, which sells more of these • The fabric exhibits small pits authentic two of these coins: the coins on eHay than any other dealer and that appear to be from casting specimen from the suspicious eBay who I bought "Parion 2" from, also be­ rather than corrosion (round , seller ("Panon 4") and a similar look­ lieves they're Thracian imitative issues, rather than irregularly shaped, ing specimen from the volume dealer though he, like everyone else, doesn't with the pits having smooth rather al the major national coin show attribute them this way. than rough borders)

20 The Gelator Archaic Parion Hemidrachms

"Parion 1" "Parion 2" ·Parion 5·

"Parion 1." Official Parion archaic hemidrachm (3.4g), ca. 480 BG. 0: Medusa with tongue protruding, R: Jncuse punch. High relief. Carefully engraved. Bought from a top European auction house. Sear 3918.

·Padon 2." Ancient Thracian imitation of Parion archaic hemidrachm (3.2g). Low relief. Less carefulfy en· graved. Overlarge nose. Bought from Ancient Auction House on eBay.

"Parion 3." Ancient Thracian imitation of Parion archaic hemidrachm (2. 6g). Similar, though lighter, version of "Parion 2. ~ Borrowed from a widely respected numismatist, who had bought it from a top U.S. auction firm.

"Parion 4." Modern counterfeit of Parion archaic hemidrachm (3.0g). Very low relief. Obverse device (Me­ dusa) blends into the edge of the coin, without a border separating them. Artificial toning accentuates the coin's details. Bought from a suspicious eBay seller. Condemned as probable modern fake by David Sear and four of five dealers I showed the piece to at a major national coin show.

"Parion 5. H Modern counterfeit of Parion archaic hemidrachm (3.2g). Similar to "Parion 4" but with less blatant artificial toning. Bought from a volume dealer at a major national coin show. Condemned as probable modern fake by David Sear. All photos are of coins from the author's collection.

Glenn W. Woods N umismatist p.o. Box 7822 Dallas, TX 75209 214-725-4300 • 214-890-7609 (fax) [email protected]

• Dallas and Ft. Worth's only full time Ancient and Medieval coin dealer • Specializing in Late Roman/Byzantine Gold • Greek, Roman and Byzantine Ancients in All Metals • Better Quality Medieval Coins in All Metals • Extensive Stock in Varied Price Ranges • Purchasing and Evaluation Services Available

June2004 21 Medusa Coot from page 18 part of the standard iconography of the feet. Youroukova 445. Similar coins of Roman army. But as with Greek coins, Gordian III. Kclenderis, Ci licia, AE I I. ca. 2nd I'm incl uding here on ly those Roman Trajan Decius AE 34, 35, , Cili­ century Be. 0: Medusa with tongue in­ types thm depict a drammic Medusa - fill­ cia. 249-25 1 AD. 0: Trojan Decius right, R: side mouth, R: goat right, head reverted. ing thc coin's nan or as a disembodied Perseus holding Medusa's head, Demeter, SNG Levantc 31 . head carried by Perseus. other male figure, bull. SNG l.cvrU1te 1165. Seleukos I AE 18-2 1, , ca. Here are the major styli stic types: Gallicnus aes, Eikonion, Lycaonia. 253- 3 [2-280 BC 0: winged head of a tame­ L. Cossutius SabuJa denarius, ca. 72 268 AD. 0: Gallienus right, R: Perseus car­ looking Medusa right with tongue inside Be. 0 : tame-looking winged head of Me­ rying Mcdusa's head in right hand. BMC 15. mouth and snakes in hair (sometimes de­ dusa left, R: BcJlcrophon riding Pegasus Victorinus aureus (rare), 268-270AD. 0: scribed as Medusa with features of Alex­ right. Scar Millcnnium Edition 33 1. Victorinus, R: Medusa with closed mouthrul(j ander the Great), R: bull right. Sear Greek L. Plautius Plancusdcnarius (common), snake hair. rue 99. 6852. Also smaller sizes. C(l. 47 Be. 0: Medusa smiling, R:Aurora or Arados, Phoenicia, diobol, ca. 2nd-1st Victory condocting the four horscsof lIx:sun. Celtic Coins century Be. 0: Medusa wi th tongue in­ Sear Mi llennium Edition 429. side mouth, R: apiuslre (boat ornament). Claudius AE 19, ClaudiconiunVlconi­ Massa]ia, Gaul, hemiotx>l, ca. 485-470 Scar Greek 5995. urn, Galatia. 4 1-54 AD. 0: Annius Afrinus Be. 0: Medusa with tongue protruding and Samaria 0001. ca. 375-333 Be. Medusa right, R: Perseus ho lding head of Medusa. bi g ears, R: ineuse square. Rosen 4, 5. with tarne hair and tongue protruding, R: Sear Greek Imperial 5152. Celtic drachm. 0: Medusa, R: curvilin­ horse head light. Meshorer & Qed'll" 150. Carnca1la denarius(mre}, Rome. ca. 207 ear horse left. orA Taf. 18,225. AD. 0: Caracalla ri ght, R: Medusa with Roman Era Coins wings, long hair, and forlorn expression. Sear MedlL..a Web Sites Millennium Edition 6878. Similar coins of Medusa I Medusa typically appears smaller or less Septimius ScVClU S. hIlP:llhomepage.mac.com/cparada/ ferociously on Roman Republic. Imperial, Maximinus I bronze. Anemorion, eiJi­ GMUMedusa I.html and Provincial coins. Many of the designs cia, 235-238 AD, 0 : Max.iminus I right, R: Medousa & the Gorgones are copied from their Greek predecessors (as Perseus carrying head of Medusa in his left http://w ww. theo i. eo m/ Po ntosl h.1ppened often with Roman coins in gener­ hane:!. SNG Delepicrre 710. Gorgones.html al and with much Roman culTUre, mytholo­ Philip I bror17.e, Thrace, 244-249 AD. Bulfioch's Mythology. Chapter 15 gy. and technology). 0: Gordian III righ I, R: Perseus slaIlding left hI I p: Ilwww.bul finch.org/rub lef>! On Roman coins Medusa appcm'S most holding harpa (sickle) and Medusa's head bulll S. hunl frcqucnUy on a shield or breastplatc, typical­ with left hand using right hand to hclpAn­ The Gorgon Medusa ly the emperor's. because her image became dromeda off rocks, dead sea monster at http://www.perseus.tuflS.cdulclassesl finALp.html Madame Lamort and the Ul timate Me­ dusa Experience 46, rue Vivienne http://www.imageandnarrati ve.bclun­ F-7S002 PARIS canny/trocsdcpoortcr.hlm Medus.., and the Image of Rape , tel: 33(0)1 42.33.25.99 htlpj~unior. apk . netl-fjklmedusa .hunl • • • E-mail: [email protected] C G B &1(.'(1(.11 Uibtiography The Medusa Reader. Edi ted by http://www.cgb.fr Marjorie Garber and Nancy J . Vickers. Routledge. 200 I. 100.000+ im '!.ges - 100.000+ pages Medusa: Solving the Mystery of tire 001'8011. Stephen R Wilk. Oxford Univer­ sity Press. 200l Itll/dom: Women ill Classical Greece. MAIL BID SALES: Edited by Ellen D. Reeder. Walters An Gal­ lery and Princeton University Press. 1995. "MONNAIES" Sewing the Body: PiJ)'Choallalysis and Aneiem Representations of Women. Page DuBois. University of Chicago Press. 1988. FIXED PRICE LISTS: The Woman 's Encyclopedia of Myths "ROME" and Secrets. Barbara G. Walker. Harper "MODERNES" and Rowe. 1983. "JETONS" AboUlthe alfl"or~Reid Goldsborough has written articlesabout the first ooinage,AIexander "BILLETS" the Great coinage, getting struted with ancient coins with the help of the Intemct. and other SUbjects. By day he's a syndicated computer columnist. He can be reached at reidgo [email protected] and http:// A ....d CLAlRANO - J_-M.", D~L - t ...... KONTOS· Midi'" 'RIEUR · Lo ....1 SCHMlTT · ~. SOM.IIART rg.nncienlS.info. !!i1 22 The Celator Depictions of the Hero Perseus on Greek Coinage NYINC NEW YORK struck for Apollonia Pontika, a city which INTERNATIONAL by Ed Snible chose to use the severed head on its own silver coins. See figure 2.) NUMISMATIC Apollodorus, writing ca. 100-200 Philip V of Macedon issued a large AD,l recorded the story of Perseus be­ CONVENTION coinage (220-179 BC) in types repre­ coming king ofTIryns. His grandfather senting the hero Perseus. Philip's son Acrisius, king of Argos, travels to Laris­ www.nyinc.info and heir, named Perseus after the hero, sa to avoid Perseus and thereby trick slJ'uck many of the same types. The RD fate. Fate brings Perseus to Larissa for THE 33 ANNUAL coins depict the hero (or the son, as the the games where he demonstrates the hero?) and often the curved harpa sword new sport he has invented, discus­ NYINC used to slay the Gorgon. throwing. His discus strikes the ki ng Philip's and Perseus' issues were a America's Most Prestigious on the foot. killing him instantly and change from the Ancient & Foreign Coin Show usual depiction of the myth on coins: the Gor­ January 14-16, 2005 gon's severed Professional Preview-Thursday, head. The hid­ January J 3'h, eous facing head 2PM-7PM - $100 was popular on coins in archaic The Waldorf Astoria Hotel times and ap­ pears on early New York City Athenian "Wap­ penmiinzen" 301 Park Avenue between and the pre-coin East 49th & 50th Streets iron currency rods of Tegea in Call the Waldorf Astoria lit the Peloponne­ Figure 1 Figure 2 (212) 355-3000 and askfor the special NY/NC rate sus. I More than thirty city-states Figure 1- The obverse of an electrum stater of Major Auctions chose 10 depict depicting Perseus kneeling right, gorgoneion in his left the severed head hand and harpa in his right. Von Fritze 162, pl. II, 10. Educational Forums of the monster, (Photo courtesy of Dmitry Markov Auction No.9, lot 13). Club Meetings yet only two or Exhibits three types be­ Figure 2- The obverse of an electrum stater of CyzicuS Admission: fore Philip's is­ depicting a facing gorgoneion; tunny fish below. Von Fridlly-Saturday-Sunday s ue depict the Fritze 129, pl. III, 15. (Photo courtesy of Dmitry Markov $10 for a thret'-day pass hero. Coins de­ Auction No.9, lot 6). picting Perseus General Information: are often associ- Kevin Foley ated with cities and rulers associated (or making Perseus, as heir, the new king. P_O. Box 370650 whom claim relations) with the hero. Unwi ll ing to return to Argos in shame, Milwaukee, WI 53237 The earliest coin depiction of Per­ Perseus trades kingdoms with his sec­ (414) 421-3484 seus is an eleclrum sialer (and malch­ ond cousin, the king of Tiryns. What Fax (414) 423-0343 ing 1/24 stater) of Cyzicus showing the better badge for Ti ryns than its instant­ E-mail: [email protected] hero kneeling, gorgoneion in his left ly recognizable hero king, Perseus? hand and harpa in his right: reverse A rare bronze of Larissa Kremaste quadripartite incuse (see figure I). The in Thessaiy, struck after 302 BC, fea­ most recent theory of the Cyzicene stater tures Perseus. It is surprising 10 encoun­ series suggests they were slruck during terthe type here and not at the well-IOJown the First Athenian League, 478-413 BC, city Larissa, also in Thessaly, where we each type commemorating the contribu­ believe the cursed games took place. Pau­ tions of a city to the League.2 The Per­ sanias, writing 100-200 AD, identifies seus type probably commemorales TI ryns, Larissa as "on the [river] Peneios" in pass­ a ci ty which did not strike coins itself, and ing as he rccounL<; the founding of Myce­ which had been ru led in Ihe heroic age by naco Was Pausanias mistaken? the original, mythical Perseus. (Also in the Cyzicene series is a fac ing gorgon type

June2004 23 Larissa ("citadel") was a popular ginning in the ca. 300-200 BC period, Mi th radates VI, the Great, (120-63 city name and also a popular name for about the same time or just before Phil­ BC) used his extensive coinage to asso­ citadels within cities; in Argos the cit­ ip's issue. ciate himself with the hero. In addition adel stands upon a hill still called Seriphos was famously associated to Perseus himself, the Iypes include the "Larissa". The early Christian writer with Perseus. In the version of the leg­ aegis (the mounted trophy head of the Clement of Alexandria mocks pagans end that has come down to us, Perseus Gorgon) and Pegasus (born from the for venerating the tomb of Acrisius and his mother are rescued when a fish­ Gorgon's severed neck.) The same types which was "in Larissa, on the Acrop- erman of Seriphos discovers them were struck in different cities, the only locked in a chest, floating in theAegean. In modern times the myth may have be­ come forgotten on the tiny island - when Theodore Bent visited Seriphos in the 1880s the islanders tried to sell him some Gorgon/Perseus bronzes, say­ ing they depicted the first queen of the Figure 3-JE from the island of island, and even pointed out the medi­ Figure 4-JE of Philip V of Macedon. Seriphos, ca. 1'1_;zn

24 The Gelator A rare bronze of in Lyd ia article in The Celator August 1999 (see figure 7) shows Perseus slaying for the legend and coins. Medusa under a tree while chased by The rescue took place at Joppa. two Gorgon sisters, Hypnos overhead. Pausanias tells of a red spring near The tree may represent the plum as Joppa, the water becoming colored af­ mentioned by Bishop Nikiu. It is the ter Perseus washed off the blood after only coin depicting Medusa's sisters. the battle. No coins of Joppa depict Figure 5~1E from in Perseus has a second myth, his Andromeda or Perseus but the harpa Cappadocia, struck during the time rescue of Andromeda from the ke­ was used as a mintmark on Ptolemaic of Hadrian, 76-138 AD. The reverse tos (sea monster). Three cities issues of the city. shows a typical standing Perseus struck Provincial coins with th is Jewish historian Josephus record­ holding a harpa. Very rare ~ the reverse type: Deultum in Thrace; ed in the I st century AD that traces of only other specimen the author Coropissus in Cilicia; and Alexan­ could find is in the British Museum dria in Egypt. See K. Wetterstrom's catalog (not photographed). (From the author's collection).

sos, then goes to Assyria and slays Sar­ danapalus, taking control of Assyria­ which he renames "Persia" after him­ self. He plants plum trees ("Persea"). Perseus has a further adventure involv­ ing a flood and ball-lightening. The story of Perseus and Andromeda is not mentioned in th is version. This telling is quite differem from the standard version that we are famil­ iar with today from the Library of Apollodorus. Herodotu s confirms part Figure 6~An IE 34mm issued by Trajan Decius at Tarsos in of thi s version by writing (ca. 430 BC) Cilicia. SNG Levante 1165. (Photo courtesy of CNG Inc., Tri­ "the Persian tale is that Perseus him­ ton V. lot 1758). self was an Assyrian." The earli est coins of lconium, around 50 BC, show a bold portrait of Perseus, his back toward us, facing away from the Gorgon he carries over his shoulder. Most of the types of this ANTIOCH M ASSOCIATES city re late to the myth and continue through Rom an times. euscit IIH1O? NUH1H1i - Juvenal Tarsos issued many types with Per­ seus as the hero founder, sometimes Antioch Nears Its End alone with legend BOHTllOY ("of the ally") but often with gods illustrating Some twelve years ago, Dr. Henry Lindgren started Antioch Associ­ religious stories from Tarsos that have ates to liquidate his collection of about fifteen thousand ancient Greek, not survived. Gods appearing with Roman, and Byzantine coins that he had accumulated during 50 years of Perseus on coins of Tarsos include travel in the Mediterranean basin. Apollo (full size and as a statue held Since that time, his holdings have been reduced to a few hundred coins by by Perseus), Tyche, Demeter, Herak­ sales through Antioch, as well as through gifts to university classical studies les, and the river-god Kydius. An programs. There are only enough coins remaining for a couple of full-page AE34 of Trajan Decius (249-25 1 AD) eetator ads and about the same number of illustrated buy-or-bid sales. squeezes a depiction of Perseus, still Collectors interested in obtaining copies of the latter should put their carrying the Gorgon's head and harpa, names on Antioch's mailing list. holding a ceremonial plate over an al­ tar. At the altar is a bull kneeling, Demeter (holding two torches) and a ANTIOCH ASSOCIATES figure believed to be Trajan Deciu s. M This action takes place in fron t of a col­ 236 West Portal Ave., PMB 297 umn topped by a statue of Apollo, who San Francisco, CA 94127 is holding two wolves (see figure 6). Perseus is shown with a fisher­ Phone: (415) 564-5702 man on another coin from Tarsos. Fax: (415) 665-5933 The fisherman may represent Dictys, E-mail: [email protected] who rescued the infant Perseus on Seriphos, or perhaps some forgotten TOLL FREE: 1-888-311-2766 hero of Tarsos. June2004 25 Andromeda's chains could be seen from What di d Seamus bri ng to Rome Nearly a thousand years after Ihe ear­ a promontory near Joppa, Like the from Joppa? A. Mayor5 argues that the liest surviving legend (from "The tombs of Acrisius and Gorgophone, the skeleton was the fo ssil of a prehistor­ Shield of Hcrakles", Hesiod, 700-800 chains were not just props in the myth . ic mastodon (giant elephant). Pliny Be) one could stil l vi sit the reputed They were a to urist attraction that could doesn't mention Perseus in connection tombs of Acrisius and Gorgophone, be visited! The ketos skeleton itsc1fwas with Scauru s' monster. but it is tempt­ and see Ihe chains of Andromeda al not recordcd by Josephus. This is to be ing to link them. Were Greek lege nds Joppa, and spend coins bearing the expected as it was moved to Rome in of sea monsters influenced by large image of the Gorgon killer. 58 BC by Marcus Aemilius Scaurus! fossil s? Figure 8, the ketos tetrobol Pliny tells us that the monster's back­ type from Kindya in Caria,6 has a style Endnotes bone was 40 feet long and 1.5 fcct th ick, suggestive of a skull and vertebra. I For Greek iron money see Histo­ wi th ribs taller than an Indian elephant! The popularity of the Gorgon's ria NUII/orum. page 438. hcad as a coin typc is a 2 Pokras, Yuri. "A New Iconogra­ mystery. We don' t phy for the Electrum Coins of Ky zi­ know why so many cil­ kos", The Celator, November 2000, ies chose the ugly mag­ pp. 18-26. ic ic on as the ir type. l Thc Lihrary o f Apollodorus, Why was the severed which Apollodorus didn't actuall y head much more popu­ write, is usually described as ca. 180- lar Ihan the hero, espe­ 120 BC. See the Perseus Project cially on early coins? (www.perseus.tufls.edu)fortheratio­ Coins depicting Per­ nale behind the date gi ven here. seus become popular 4 My summ ary is based on the latc during the Hellenistic 7'h century AD Bishop of Nikiu tell­ and Roman eras. These ing, translated from Ethiopic by Dr. R. coi ns are assoc iated H. Charles in 1916. The full lcxt of with cities and kings Ihis translation available online at who saw Perseus as an Figure 7-A drawing of the reverse of a bronze historic figure, a from Da/dis in Lydia. Picture from Zeitschrift fur fo under-ki ng whose ad­ Numismatik, 1878, page 105. ventures had left behind physical evidence.

Are you interested in Figure 8-AR Tetrobol from Kindya in Caria (at 9x), struck circa 500 Be, CHOICE WORLD COINS? which the author suggests might have been inspired by a fossil skull. You should be re ceivi ng our publications (From the author's collection). FOUR TO SIX http://www.eceLorg/p/pearse/morefa­ AUCTION CATALOGUES ANNUALLY thers/nikiu2 chronicle.htm. This tell­ ing is probably based on the Paschal Chronicle of 629 AD (which I could Featuring RARE and CHOICE gold and silver coins of not find a translation of.) See BMC the world as well as ancient coinage and world paper Lycaonia for a Greek excerpt. money. A sample catalogue is $25.00 postpaid, includes Prices ~ The First Fossil Hunters, Prince­ ton University Press, 200 1 Realized. An annual subscription is also available. The cost is 6 Kagan/Kritt, "The Coinage of $80 within the U.S. and $100 outside the U.S. Kindya". Numismatic Chrollicle 1995. Visit our web site at: www.ponterio.com Ponterio & Associates, Inc. 1818 Robinson Ave. Referrals San Diego, CA 92103 Work! t -800-854-2888 or 619-299-0400 Tell your - ""ml'", ~~~,;s~.st: Fax 619-299-6952 friends about ~ P.N.G, Licensed Auction Company #968 P.N.G. #308 Richard H. Ponterio - President The Celator

26 The Gelator Some Observations on Auction Markets by catalogers or dealers, who often re­ circa Nero to Gordian III ever found. It by Terrence W. Faulkner strict the quality rating to the condition contained a little more than 4CHJO silver of the coin as determined by wear. The coins of Elagabalus and it probably pro­ quality ratings I assigned were often vides a good basis for estimating the rel­ In the course of a study of the coin­ lower than the ratings given by the sell­ ative frequency with which different coin age of Elagabalus data was collected on er. On eBay they were sometimes much varieties were minted. Table I compares more than 2000 coins. The database that lower. The price data does include any the three most common coins in the hoard was assembled also enables some gen­ buyer's premium that was applicable with the three most common in Ihe eral observations on traditional and In­ but does not include any postage fees present sample. In each case the very ternet auctions of ancient coins and that or taxes. same coins are the most frequently seen analysis is the subject of this article. and (he percentages observed vary by a General Observations: relatively small amount. Mattingly and Description of Database: The catalog of the Reka-Devina Sydenham (1938) recognize more than A very large number of ancient coins hoard (Mouchmov, 1934) can be used [60 silver coins of Elagabalus with sep­ are being sold on eBay. Over the course to judge how representative the Impe­ arate RIC numbers. Il is interesting to ofa year it was possible to collect infor­ rial silver portion of the sample collect­ observe that the three most common va­ mation on the sale of 1780 coins of El­ ed in this study is. That hoard was prob­ rieties represent only 2% of all RIC va­ agabaJ us from Internet auctions. Almost ably deposited around 20 years after the rieties but make up a large proportion all of these are from eBay with less than death ofEI­ 5% coming from the Yahoo auction site. agabalu s r will refer 1O this as the eBay data even Three Most Common Reka- Auction and is. by though it contains some coins from Ya­ far, the Imperial Coin Varieties Devina Markets hoo. A separate section of the database l argest hoard contains infonnation on coins sold at published auction by established, traditional deal­ RIC 88 Elagabalus sacrificing 6.5% 5.1% hoard of ers such as CNG, H.D. Rauch, Gorny & Roman sil­ RIC 161 Victory f1vin.1eft 6.2% 5.5% Mosch, e.G.B ., Numismatik Lanz and ver coins RIC 146 Elagabalus sacrificing 5.5% 5.4% a dozen others. The volumes being sold for the pe­ through these venues are smaller than riod from Comparison of Reka-Oevina Hoard with Current Auctions Sample on eBay and the period of data collec­ tion was extended to more than two years to build a larger sample. Informa­ tion was recorded on 3 15 coins of EI­ agabalus sold by the trad itional auction SAMUS NUMISMATICS, LLC houses. The eBay data was collected directly from that Internet site. The data on coins sold by traditional auction houses was obtained from Coin Archives (an on-line archive of major numismat­ ic auctions by more than a dozen deal­ ers), dealer web sites and catalogs. The information recorded differed slightly for Imperial and Provincial coins. For the Imperial coinage the data includes: denomination, RIC number, legends, reverse description, mint, qual­ ity rating and the price at which it was sold. For the Provincial coins size re­ placed denomination, there is no RIC number and the Greek legends were not recorded. For the purposes of this study it seemed most appropriate 10 use a rat­ ing of overall quality that included wear, centering, strength of strike and defects such as cracks or pitting. An II-point scale ranging from Good \0 EF+ was used. All ratings were based on the pho­ WWW.sAMUSCOINS.COM tographs provided on the Internet or in printed catalogs. The same standards P_O_ BOX 26715 were applied to all coins. It is important to emphasize that this quality scale is TAMARAC, FL specific to this study and the ratings are 33320, USA not directly comparable to those given June 2004 27 Figure 1-RIC 88 Elagabalus Figure 2-RlC 161 Victory Figure 3- RIC 146 Elagabalus (16- 18 %) of the IOlal coinage. These common in the Reka-Devina hoard. This coins are shown in Figu res 1-3. shows a fairly good agreemenl between two most often seen on eBay were RIC The correspondence be tween the the two samples, and it is reasonable to 16 1 and RIC 146. The two most fre­ present sample und the Rcku-Ocvina concl ude thaI the distribution of coins quently seen denarii in the sma ll er sam­ hoard becomes more erratic for the less being auctioned today corresponds fair­ ple from the established auction houses common coins. In postings on Monela­ ly well to the distribution that was in are RIC 195 (S tone of Emesa in Quad­ L Curtis Clay has called attention to sev­ circulation 1800 years ago. riga) and RIC 188 (Galley with Seven eral potential issues with the Mouchmov There are Some obvious di fferences Rowers), both of which were very rare catalog, incl uding RI C II I (Libertas in the types of coins being auctioned in in the Reka-Oevina hoard accounting for with cornucopia) which is the fourth the two venues. The rare lml>cri al bronze 0.1% and 0.4% respectively. It is cle:tr most common vari ety in the Elagabalus and gold coins make up 13% of the sam­ from the data that the more valuable portion of the hoard. If that problem is ple from traditional auction houses but coins tend to make their way to the tra­ set aside, then the ten varieties seen mosl are less than 1% of the eBay sample. In ditional auction houses and that those often in the curre nt study do fa ll withi n denarii the coins auctioned on eBay tend auction houses are, relative to eBay, de­ the set of fifteen varieties that were most to be the more common varieties. The emphasizing the most common types. In addition to being rarer. the coins being auctioned by established dealers are more di verse than those seen on cBay. The Provinci al coins provide a good illustration of this. The eBay sam­ ple includes 795 (45% of the total) Pro­ vincial coins compared with 106 (34%) in the Tradi tional sample. There were 52 different mints rcpresented on eBay and 40 in the very much smaller sample fro m the estab lished dealers. The concentra­ tion on coins from Marcianopolis and from ad Istru m, located in what is now Bulgaria, is especiall y re­ markable since they accounted for 60% of all the Provincial coins on eBay. These two mints only accounted for 25% of the Provi ncial coins in the relati vely more diverse sample from established dealers. The most common reverse type seen in the Provi ncial coins was Homonoia (sometimes identiri ed as Concordia). Homonoia was on I I % of the eBay Provincials but onl y 2% of the Visit ou r we bsite www.astartesa.com auction house sample - another indica­ tion that the traditional auctions tend to avoid the most common varieties. A Homonoia from Marcianopolis ill ustrat­ ed in Figure 4 is typical of the Provin­ ASTLLL ~TE cials being sold on eBay. Astartll S.A.· Via Cantonale, l/a · CH ·690 0 Lugano SwitZllrland Quality Comparisons: Phona +41 91 9233640 · Fax +4191 9232718 · info @astartess.com A common observation is that the coins being sold on cBay are low in qual- 28 The Celator Price Compa risons: houses was $ 188 versus $26 on eBay - Any comparison of prices must make they differ by a factor of more than sev­ an effort to control for the differences en. An examination of the two price dis­ in the types of coins being sold. A sim­ tributions shows that this is not just a pic calculation of the average price per matter of very high pri ces being coin in the two venues results in a huge achieved by some coins sold in tradi­ difference. That is largely driven by the tional auctions; it is the absence of low fact that there is only one aureus in the price coins in these auctions that has the eBay database whi le the much smaller larger impact on the difference. High re­ sample from the traditional auction serves establish a price floor in tradi tion­ houses contains 17 aurei. Simply re­ al auctions. The ve ry lowest price ob­ stricting the compnrison to Imperial sil­ served in thi s sample of 167 Imperial ver does not provide adequate control. silver coins in these auctions was $45. The average price received for all Im­ perial sil ver by the traditional auction Figure 4-Homonoia, Mint at Marcianopofis ity. On my II -point scale the average Quality Compartson (arithmetic mean) for e Bay was a lit­ 25.00% tl e bette r than F+ and the average for traditional dealers was j ust under VF, 3. 20.()()% a spread of I .5 categories. A beller un­ ~ 15.00% .ebay derstanding of this difference is o b­ ~ 10.00% o dealers tained by comparing the two quality a... 5.()()% distributions. This is demonstrated in • Fi gure 5 where the bar graph shows 0.00% the quality distribution of each of the G F VF EF two sources in terms of percentages. The very high end on the quality scale OUallly is dominated by the traditional auction houses where 43% of all the coins they Figure 5-Comparison of Quality Distributions sold were rated as EF- or better. By comparison, only 8% of the coins sold on e Bay fell into thi s quality band. The distribution for the traditional dealers POCKET MAGNIFYING GLASS 3x, 6x & lOx is bi modal and further analysis has shown that this is because the quality with integrated illumination! distri butions for lmperial and Provincial coins arc very different. Most of the Imperial coinage auctioned by the deal­ ers is of very high quality. High quali ty e silver coins of Elagabalus are regularly available in the tradi tional auctions and the few lower quality ones sold in these venues were examples of relatively rare \'arieties such as RIC 195. Pro­ The Perfect tool fo r [he Professional N umismatic & Antiquities collecto r vincial coin s arc generally lower in qual ity than the Imperial silver. Fur­ Handle & lens holder constructed White Li ght Diodes with a color thermore, the tradi ti onal dealers did of anodized aluminum. Batteries temperature of 6500 kelvin. offer many Provincial coins that were included. Brighter than daylight! unusual and desirable to collectors and these rare coins were often relative ly low in quality. The di ffe rence in qual­ it y between Imperial and Provincial coins in the e Bay di s tribution is masked because that venue also sells a large number of Impe rial coins that Classical Numismatics & Antiquities are of low quality. The disparity in quality between e Bay and the tradi­ Herbert R. Ch:lVll rria tional auction houses is confounded 20 C hamplain ave because the latter do offer these rarer L1ke\!iew, NY 11 552 Fo r Details Please visit us at: coins. If the comparison were restrict­ Phone/Fax: 5 16 678 5309 www.Nemesisancicn ts.com ed to the most common varieties of Imperial denarii th e n the difference e rn ~lil : nemcsisa ncicnts®Vcoins.com www.vcoins.com/ nemcsisandents/sto rc would become larger. June2004 29 Contrasl Ihis with eBay where the low­ • Serious collectors are likely to want mortar" there are expenses for expert est observed price was $4 and the medi­ the rarer coins or·if looking for a com­ staff and for printing high quality cata­ an price for Imperial si lver was only $2 1. mon variety they will want it in a very logs. These costly assets are what make Almost 90% of Ihe coins on eBay sold high quality grade. Both of these col­ it possible for the traditional auction for less Ihan $45. High reserves might lecting goals arc readily met by offer­ house to provide collectors with the ad­ be regarded as an arbitrary fonn of price ings from the established auction hous­ vantages ciled above. control bur the fact is that this price fl oor es. Theoverwhelming majority of coins I suspect that the most important rea­ could not be sustained unless something sold on eBay are common and of rela­ son for the much lower prices seen on Ihat cuslomers recognize as having val­ tively low quality. The collector must eBay is the high level of concern about ue is being offered. What is it that en­ make a sustained effort to sort through fraud. In fact, a few of the coins includ- ables the traditional auction hous- ed in the eBay database were iden­ es to achieve higher prices? tified as counterfeit in some of the The obvious candidates are the RIC 161 VICTORIA AVG morc reliable on-line ancient coin greater rarity and higher quality of forums. Concerns about fraud on the coins being offered by the es­ so eBay are receiving an increasing tablished dealers. For a subset of amount of media covera ge. A sin­ the Imperial silver it is possible 10 eo gle example from the Washington control Ihese two factors. There ro P O.I·t wi ll serve to make the point. were 119 coins on eBay that can eo Walker (2003) observes that "on­ be matched with 64 coins in the line auction fraud is growing auction house database. These are 50 steadily more complex and sophis­ examples where the same coin type '.., ticated, with twists and turns that (i.e .. having the same RIC numbers) ,. make it harder to fi gure out what were given identical (IU ality rati ngs happened, much Ie.<;s track down 20 on my scale. In this subset the coins the scam artists." The most com­ are relatively common and of high ,. mon form of fraud is reported to quality. The average price obtained • be failure to deliver the promised by the traditional dealers was $122 • 2 • 6 6 ,. 12 goods. The Washington Posl arti­ versus $4 1 on eBay. Here the differ­ Quality cle poinls out that eBay's claims of ence is reduced from a fllctor of sev­ extremely low rates of fraud under- en to less than three. Well over half Figure 6-Re/ationship between Quality and Price report the fu ll magnitude of Ihe of the initial gap in price is explained problem, for example "cBay does by the differences in quality and rarity. But a great deal of chaIT (0 find what they not count as a fraud victim anyone who there is still a large price gap for coins of want. Collectors who have little free paid by a credit card. It sends those folks the same type that appear 10 be equivalent time wi ll find thi s difficult. to fi le claims with their credit card com­ in overall qualit y. What might account for • A number of additional services arc panies. Moreover, it doesn't counl folks that? There are a number of reasons why provided by the traditional auction hous­ who get burned and don't bother 10 file the established dealers should command cs. Regular customers ma y reccive com­ aclaim with eBay - a number that could a higher pricc for the coins (har they auc­ plimentary printed catalogs, which havc be really big." With publicilY like this it tion. These include: considerable value as references. A per­ is easy to see why prices on eBay might • Collectors bel ieve that counterfei t sonal relati onship may be established be depressed. A closer examination of coins are more common on eBay and that with, for example, the dealer monitor­ the data co llected in the present study it is much safer to purchase from a reputa­ ing a "want li st" for the collector. shows that there is a large amoun t of ble dealer where the coin will have been It is also necessary to recognize that variability in eBay prices. Well estab­ examined by experts. Another eBay issue the eslablished dealers do have higher lished eBay sellers of ancient coins with is that cases of fraud where the buyer nev­ fi xed costs than most eBay sellers and positive feedback that is near 100% tend er receives the goods they paid for have they must commltnd higher pri ces if they to obtain higher prices than the many been widely publicized. are to survive. In addition to "bricks and casual sellers who come and go. The va riabi lity in pri ces on eBay docs create an opportunity for an edu­ cated collector who wants some relative­ ly common coins in VF or bcllercondi­ tion. The keys to success are diligence and p'llience. Figure 6 is a scallergram showing the relationship between price and quality (on my II-point scale) for RIC 161 "Victory flying left". The pric­ caw/ogue on request es achieved were especially variable in the higher quality mnge. For example, KIRK DAVIS one coin rated 8 (VF+) sold fo r $60 whi le another rated 9 (EF-) went for $24. Classical N umismatics This particular coin appears, on average, slightly more often than once per week. Post Office Box 324, C laremont, CA 9171 1 The key to buying an example at a bar Tel: (909) 625-5426 [email protected] continued on page 42 .. 30 The Celalor Statistical Analysis of Triton IV

lar increase in estimated value would be sellers, so that in the long run estimated by David Chiszar, associated with a dollar increase in re­ values and realized prices are equal. alized price, and the slope (b) would be Table I (left side) reveals that strong, Hobart M. Smith, 1.00. Slopes less than 1.00 indicate that posi tive correlations existed between es­ realized prices increased at a rate lower timated values and reali zed prices. This Mark J. Chamberlain, than the rate at which estimated value was true in all categories in that r-val­ Keith R. Farley, & increased. For example, b = 0.90 means ues were all significant. Nevertheless, that realized prices increased onl y $0.90 we observed variation in r- values, with Jeffrey P. Kurtz for each one dollar increase in estimated r = 0.71 for Roman Provincial coins value. Correspondingly, slopes greater whereas the correlation coefficients in , than 1.00 indicate that realized prices in­ other categories were much higher, with An earlier paper studied the close re­ creased at a higher rale than did esti ­ some r-values verging on 1.00. When lationship between estimated values and mated values. For example, b = 1.50 the lowest r-value was compared with realized prices of Triton III , finding Ihal means that for each dollar increment in the highest, the difference was not sig­ Pearson's correlation coefficien t was r estimated value, the realized price of lots nificant (t = 1.10, df = 16, p > 0.05), = 0.93 based on a random sample of 172 increased by $ 1.50. The former case suggesting that correlations were statis­ lots or approximately 10% of the total might be construed as a buyer's advan­ tically equivalent across categories and numbcroflots in the Triton 111 catalogue tage, whereas the latter case might be that numerical differences between them (Chiszar & Smith. The Celator, Febru­ seen as a seller's advantage. Of course, were simply a result of sampling error. ary 2(00). Since:t perfect. positive re­ these matters come to life when one con­ Using Fisher's Z transformation. we lationship has an r-value of [.00, our siders that coins can vary by hundreds found the average value of r = 0.95, val ue of 0.93 indicated a very strong or thousands of dollars in estimated which agreed rather closely with the relationship, suggesting that the Triton value. Multiplying these large values value from Chiszar and Smith (2000). III cataloguers did a spJendidjob of es­ by 0.90 or 1.50 can result in substantial Slopes for each regression are shown timating fa ir market values and. hence, effec ts favoring buyers or sellers, re­ in the right side of Table 1, and here we the amounts that most lOI S would real­ spectively. Conversely. a slope of b = see some interesting variations. Not sur- ize. Scvcml readers encouraged us to 1.00 implies that fluctuations that favor apply simi lar statistical analyses to lOiS buyers are balanced by thosc favoring cOlltillued 011 page 34... segregated into traditional categories, so that relationships between estimated va lues and realized prices could be viewed separately for Greek, Roman, and other classes of coins. The purpose of the present paper is to describe such statistical work for Triton IV, an auction involving mail bids plus noor (live) bids. • • We focused on the len categories found in Triton IV. sessions 1 and 2 (see Tuble July 22-24, 2004 I). From each category we drew 11 rep­ resentative random sample of lots (ig­ Thf ill !/ce kwtt ~ 1fttud

June 2004 33 Statistical Cont. from pg. 31 Table 1 pri singly, the slopes clustered around the Resutts of statistical analyses applied to coins in each of ten categories from Triton IV. value of I ,00, but Ihree of the departures Correlational statistics are shown in columns three, fout and five; regression statistics are shown in columns six, seven and eight. were slatisticall y significant, and these departures were all slopes of less than 1.00, This pattern of results suggests Category Number , Son",", , b S,,""'" , that catalogers generally produccd esti­ mates that regressed isometrically (Le" of lots in error of r errorofb b = 1.00) against reali zed prices, but whe n the regressions deviated from Sample isometricism, the realized prices failed Celtic 12 0.89 0.14 6.35'- 1.42 0.22 1.91 to sustain the rate of increase that was predicted by the experts. In other words, 31 0.95 0.06 1S.83·· 0.67 0." _8.25 u bidders te nded to be more conservative G=, than the catalogers. Slopes that are sig­ 11 0.87 0.16 5.43 -· 0.92 0.17 -0.47 nificantly less than 1.00 might be said """.Oriental to reflect bidder inertia or cataloger op­ timism or both. Underlying mechanisms Macedo- 14 0.99 0." 24.75** 0.69 0.02 -15.50" might be that bidders simply disagreed nian with catalogers in some categories or Roman 10 0.7 1 0.25 2.84- 1.16 0.39 0.41 that bidders were unable or unwilling to Provinc_ spend the amounts that would be equal ial to fa ir market val ue, perhaps because coins in other categories were more at­ R~ 10 0.99 0.05 19.80'- 0.90 0.01 -10.00'- tractive or because coins in the affected Republic categori es were not popular in spite of ra rity or condition. It is also possible Ro_ 29 0.97 0.05 19.4Ou 0.96 0." - \.OO that prevail ing economic circumstances Empi re have a bearing upon the slopes of Tabl e Byzan- 12 0.98 0.06 16.33 u 0.91 0.06 -1.50 I, in which case we might expect slopcs tine of future studies to vary in synchrony wit h market indicators or other indices British 24 0.95 0.07 13.59'- 1.16 0.08 2.01 of national or international economic conditions. Further speculation along World l2 0.96 0.00 10.67" I... 0.06 0.67 these li nes would be unwarranted, how­ ever, until replication studies arc under­ take n 10 confi nn or disconfinn the re­ ·signilicant at the 0.05 level ··signiflcant at the 0.01 level. In these stalisticaltests. r values were compared with sults reponed here. 0.00. b values were compared with 1.00. If no relations hip existed between estimated Interestingly, the mean of the ten slopes values and realized prices, we would expect r '" 0.00. [f the retationship was isometric, in Table I was b = 0.98, a value that clearly such \)lat each dollar increment in estimated values was matched by an equal increment in does not differ significantly from 1.00. If realized pri ces, then we would expect b '" 1.00. the ten categories had been pooled, we would have concluded that the re la tion­ ship between estimated val ues and real­ Intercepts of the regressions in Table has been the case in previous analyses ized prices was isomelric. and we would reflect the realized value of a coin (Chiszar & Smith, 2000), and this was have missed the potenti ally interesting whose estimated value is zero. We ex­ the case for all of the regressions of Table vari ation in slopes shown in Table I. pect these re ali zed values to be zero, as I. That is, none of the intercepts dif­ fered significantl y from zero. Therefore, we regard intercepts as being of limited utility and we have not included the m in Table I. The Professional Numismatists Guild, Inc. A generalized bottom-line conclu­ has stood/or KNOWLEDGE, INTEG RITY & RESPONSIBILITY since 1955. sion is that bidders use estimated values The PNG membership list includes dealers f rom all arollnd the world. as anchors (see Chapman & Bornstein , A directory of PNG member.\· is (lI'ailable f re e by cOlltacting: 1996; Hastie & Dawes, 2001), making their judgements in relation to these val­ Robert Brueggeman, PNG Executive Director, ues, usuall y in a more-or-Iess isometric 3950 Concordi a Lane, Fa llbrook. CA 92028 manncr:md only occasionally deviating Tel. (760) 728- 1300 Fax (760) 728-8507 email: in fo@ pngdcalcrs.com from b = 1.00. When such devilltions oc­ curred, however. b was less than 1.00. It - ~'~~ would be fascinating to analyze mail and ~~!Sl~ floor bids separately to detennine the ef­ Ve P.N.G. fect of noor dynamics on correlation co­ www.pngdealers.com efficient s and slopes for relationships be­ tween estimated and real ized prices. 34 The Celator References Chapman, G. B. and Bornstein, B. H. I? g) 'S'J I? g) 0 MORE SCARCE 1996. "The more you ask for, the more LITERATURE you get: Anchoring in personal injury Now Available verdicts." Applied Cognitive Psychology for MANY OUT OF PRINT 10,519-540. Subscription BUY OR BID SALE Chiszar, D. & Smith. H. M. 2000. (Closes J uly 15'h, 2004) "Statistical Analyses of Triton Ill." The Payments More tilles/rom a retired dealer's library Celalor, February 2000, Vol. 14, pp. 26- 29. Now offering PayPal as an op­ Allan. D. . Introduction {OCelric Coins ...... S SIS tion you can use to convenient­ As kew. G. . Cllaiog of Coins of Roman Hrilain Classical Numismatics Group, Inc...... Ii $20 2000. Triton IV. Lancaster, PA. ly pay for your subscription, Babeton/Barbetti, Greal Coins and Medals Celator binders, or back is­ ...... H 125 Hastie, R. and Dawes, R. M. 2001. Berk. H.. Rom;m Gold Coins of Medieval World Rational choice ill an ullcertain world, sues. Just send payment to: ...... II S25 kerence@front iernet net, and Bishop/Holloway, Wheawr! ColI&,;oo Greek! Chapter 5, Anchoring and adjustment, Roman Coins ...... •.. : ...... II $20 pp. 99-110. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage you can pay using the credit Brell, A., Cal3log Greek Coins MFA lloswn ...... S S20 Publications. card of your choice or have CaJ"Son/Hill/Kent, Late Roman Bronze Coinage t he monies automatically de­ H S35 Dolley, M., Coins of the Vikings ...... S SIS About the authors-In addition to ducted f rom your checking Giacosa, G., Women of the Caesar:; ...... H $60 account . Or you can st ill send Hahn, \'I., Scudic.' Early Ryz"mine Gold Coins their interest in ancient coins, David ...... II $45 Chiszar and Hobart M. Smith are both payment directly t o us by Hawkins. E.• Silvereoios of England-Mediev,l! to 1800·s ...... II S9S professors at the University of Colorado check, money order or use (1000's iIluslraU0ns. reprinted from Hawkins in Boulder and have written for your Visa/MasterCard. Familycopyj The I!ead, RV .. lliswria Numorom ...... H SilO Ce lator before. Mark 1. Chamberlain Hill. G., AnciCn( Greck Jnd Roman Coins .. and Keith R. Farley are the proprietors ...... H S2S The Celator -- , Becker (he Counterfeiter ...... II $3S of C&C Coins & Collectibles in Hirmer. M .. Romisehe Kaiser i'onrails .. ... H $35 P.O. Box 839, -- , Julius Caesar and IIi" Leg,'cy ...... H S18 Longmont, Colorado, and Jeffrey P. Klawans. Z. • Imirations & l,,~cmions uf Rom;!D Ku rtz, of Envi ron me mal & Mining Sys­ Lancaster, PA 17608 Coins ...... H B S -- . Outline of AncletJ/ G~k COins ...... H $ 15 tems International, also hails from Phone/Fax (717) 656-8557 - -, I€r;<,1 COil1S Longmont, Colorado...... H $ 15 Kraay, c., Portrait Coins lIellenistic Kingdoms ~ ...... H SSO ~ Mack, R.r., Coifl$ of Anden! Brilain ...... II $3 S Madden. r .. History ofJewish Coins ...... H SSS == Morgan. J. de. Ancien! l'ersi,1f] NumlsmJllcs ...... S SIS Ncwdt. E.. Coinage of Eastern ScJeucid Min!s ...... II SS5 - - . COinage ui Wc~t ern SeJcucid MilliS ... 11 S75 --, Som" Cypriot Alexander.' ...... •...... S $ 10 Nonh, JJ., English Hammered COin.' (2 vols.) ... II S95 PCRKC, A. • Coin~ gcof Archbishops OfClf]lerbury ...... S $l S I'lante. R.. Arabic Coins & How to Read Thcm ...... •...... H $30 - -. Greek, Semlric. Asian Coins & How w Rcad Them...... H $65 Reifenberg, Ancient Jewish Coins (I ~ Ed.) ...... H S30 Robenson, Coinage of Scor/and ...... H $30 Rodcnwald. Moncy in thc Age of Tiberi us ...... H S4S - - . RomRn Coins in Ihe Bri[ish Muscum...... H S30 flCn:~ I.AJI'OCI!~IJ. 57. \fI":JT fOI:.OCI":T 1:.01tlJl'. Romanoff. P.. Symbols 011 Anclcnt Jewish Coins ...... II S2S I' ~OM IIl!lIllIff. II!:1iI1fO~oc. Scaby. H.A.. Cuim and Tukcns oiScotl~lld ...... II S20 Stahl. A.. The VcnCliall l"ornese!lo (MedievJI) III !)~I.i:~ Il l'tl) COI.I.i:UO~ or Q~ICi: OC Illib ...... H $30 Toynlx:c, j.c., RomJn Jlis(QricJll'ortrJils ...... H $S5 illZlltlTItll": 1:.0ItIJl' bll":b UIIJT !ltCmlll":1'( 1lm:1'( III - -, ROIll,l/J MooJJiiolls ...... H $95 Whiulng, P.. Byltlnlillc COins (Putnam Set) lOI'l(l Illllli:JJI'. ~Ilb ll MIJI'JI'I":!l liT I1I.J1' r1'(ll":tlb ...... H $85 Yeoman, R., Moncy of the Bible ...... S $15 IlI'iID i'i~lLOV 1:.0l.LI:UOll. MI'IUEI..I'!:UlJoc. ADD $6.00 first lil)e. SJ .50 each addilionailitle ror 111: IiIIlJl' II (lOO!) rum. poslage. NY residenls add sales la,. Lists availab!c: USICanada (700 lilies), Foreign (800 lilies). or An · 111'1": cient/Medieval (600 ti lles) SUO each for postage. Jl'flClff iilOI,lU lIi'1lD 110l,lU TIUII'I<:l Olll TI1i: All lhree @ 53.00. Special Requests Honored. 1'110 1'11: 1l00~T IIItll:.ll:tlT JI'. 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June2004 35 Lustig Coot from page 32 Coming Events .... Lustig is also a partner in Eureka Trading Systems (eurekatrading.com), May 3o-June 2 Ira & Larry Goldberg Pre-Long Beach (CA) Auction an Internet based trading platform he created with Jeffrey Isaac. He will con­ June 3-4 Heritage World Coin Auctions, Long Beach, CA tinue his association with Eureka while June 3-5 Long Beach Coin, Stamp & Colfectfbles Expo, CA at Smythe. A. M. Smythe & Co. , established June 12 Jean Elsen & ses Fils S.B. Auction 80, Brussels, Belgium in 1880, buys, sells, and auctions June 17-19 Whitman Coin & Colfectibles Expo, Cobb Galleria coins, paper money autographs, and Centre, Atlanta, GA June 24-27 MidAmerica Coin Expo, Rosemont, IL June 2thJuly 9 ANA Summer Seminar, Colorado Springs, CO July 2-4 Colorado Springs Coin Show, City Auditorium, 221 East Kiowa Street July 9-11 Baltimore Coin & Currency Convention, Convention Center July 10 "The Olympic Games: The First 1,166 Years" - A Special Program by Anthony Milavic to be presented at a public meeting of the Ancient Numismatic Society of Washington, o.C at the Baltimore Coin & Currency The principles of R. M. Smythe stand­ Convention. Time and place to be announced. ing at the auctioneer's lectern in the auction room at Smythe's new head­ July 14 Stack's/Coin Galleries Mail Bid Sale, New York City quarters (from left to right): Stephen July 23-24 The New York Invitational Coin Show, New York City Goldsmith, Diana Herzog, Mary Aug. 13-16 PAN Coin Show, Pittsburgh Expomart, Monroeville, PA Herzog, and John Herzog. Aug. 18-22 ANA's 113'1l Anniversary Convention, David Lawrence co ll ect ible stocks and bonds. Convention Center, Pittsburgh, PA Founded in 1880, Smythe originally specialized in research ing obsolete secu rities fo r private individuals and institutions. In 1985, Smythe ac­ BACK ISSUES quired NASCA, a well-respected coin and paper money auction company, The best way to expand your an- and became much more focused on cient numismatic horizons is to numismatics. "Tod ay, coin sales are a much greater percentage of Smythe's collect pro duct mix, says Goldsmith. "In our March 1 5 t ~ auction a 1792 half disme The Celator real ized $73,600, and a Continental Dollar brought $52,000.n Back issues are one of the greatest values in nu­ Lustig will make his first appear­ mismatic literature. Coupled with The Cefator in ­ ance as a member of Smythe's team dex, they provide an incredible resource of articles at the Central States Numismatic So­ about almost any subject in the field of ancient coin ciety Show, May 6-9. His contact in ­ collecting. formation is as follows: Telephone: 212-312-6314; Toll Free: 800-622- Many of the early issues arc now out of stock, llnd 1880; Fax: 212-312-6377; Email: others are in very low supply. If you have ever entertained the thought of [email protected] . acquiring back issues, NOW IS THE TIME, Single issue $5 For issues from June, 1999 each additional = $3 onward Send your society news or For is.mes before JUlie, 1999 Order from: personal announce- Order from: The Celator ~ mentsto Wayne G. Sayles/Antiquarian P.O. Box 839 P.O. Box 911 Lancaster, PA 17608 ~ The Celator Gainesville, MO 65655 or call : (717) 656-8557 P_O_ Box 839 or call: (4 17) 679-2457 Fax : (717) 656-8557 Lancaster, PA 17608 Email : [email protected] Em ail: [email protected] Fax: (717) 656-8557 Email: [email protected] (A U orders postpaid in U.S. Shipped at actual cost to all ot h er.~)

36 The Cefator Coinage of the Tetrarchy Focus Numismatic Literature of ACCLA April Meeting Greek, Roman, Byzantine AmandrylHuner. 1.4 Rid.r Essays, Gruk ...... $7HlO LOS ANGELES- The April meeting Mr. Rightman illustrated his history Ashton: Anci~nI Cointlge From Turk.y ...... 80.00 Bateson·Cambell: Hunlu VI. Bymn/iN ...... 80.00 of the Ancient Coin Club of los Ange­ with slides of folies and antoniniani from BMC ROOIll!! Empi /"f J (used) ...... lSO.oo les was called to order by President his collection showing each of the Em­ BMC Roman Empil"t b. ••••••••••••••••••• 225.00 of the Roman Republic to Augustus by his death. The coins were struck in a num­ Gulbenkw. Gold Coins ...... 60.00 Gulbenkian Gems .•..•..•.••.•..••.•..•..•..•....•..•..•..•... 55.00 Molina, et ai, and an older classic, ber of cities reflecting the widespread na· Harlan: Raman Rtpubfiran M~n ..... "SO.00 Greek Coins by Hirmer and Kraay. ture of the mints during this period. Houghton·lortler: Sl-1. ,Il"iiII. 2 vol • ...... 210.00 lre laod: Gr.-t k. ROfil/m . 8)'~mliM-Amru eia ..... 50.00 In the featu re program Mr. Barry The program closed with portrait MacDonald: Coi'Ulg. of Aphrodisia...... 75.00 Rightman presented "The Rise and coins of Constantine I who became sale Malloy: Coin, "jCr"$,,,ler SI"Ies. New cd ...... 75.00 Mitcbiner: InJo.G,.rt Indo·Sqlhkln. 9 vols. 350.00 Fall of the Roman Tetrarchyfl. Begin­ Emperor in 323 CEo This ended the Mj'chiner: OritO"'/ 2. And tnl & CItusu,,,1 .•. "325.00 ning with the death of the Emperor Tetrarchy but began Ihe reign of one of MilChioer. Mnlir.. 11 Pilt.rim &>Jgu ...... 65.00 Carus and his sons, Barry led us the most influential Emperors in the his· Pcnn: Mnlid", on GlUt 6: Roman Coins ...... - 50.00 PlY"" Sym-i'h«nici(lll Tt 'ruJroc/tms ...... • 100.00 through the career 01 Oiocletian who tory of the Roman Empire . Roberuon: lIunlu lll. R",,,,,,, l~riaI .....•..• 225.00 initiated extensive reforms in the mili­ The meeting concluded with the tra­ Robertoon: 1l0001U IV. Ron"ln Imperio/ ...... 225.00 Robensoo: Hunltr V. RM1(m I~riol ...... 22S.00 tary, administration and coinage. He ditional raffle of books and ancient coins Rom,,,, Imperia/ Coi""I1 ~ I. A"gls·V;Ie/lius .. .. 120.00 first established a shared rule with along with sharing of recent coin acqui· Rom,,,, I",,,,,riol Coi,"'!!t 2. Ve.'lm./Jadr;"" .. .. SO.OO Rom"" h"""ri,,/ Cojn"l1~ 3. A. P;u3_Comm,/lIS . SO.OO Maximian as a cO-Augustus. Then in sitions by the members. Ro",,,n Imperl~1 Co/n"t.t 4. Pu,nx·Umn ....••• 140.00 293 CE, Diocletian established the The ACCLA meets at 1pm on the 2nd Roman Imperi,,1 Co/",'sr 5. 1tJ1",·AmarnlllS ... 215.00 Roman 1",,,trWl Co/ml8t 6. [)jocla·M,... ", 1IS •••• 80.00 Telrarchy with an Augustus and a sup­ Sunday of each month at the Town Hall R(}If1(ln {~ rWl Co/""6t 7. Corul",·liciaus ... 80.00 porting Caesar administering the East­ in the Balboa Mission Shopping Cen­ Roman latptrWl Coi""6t 8. Corul(UlliM ...... 175.00 Roman {~ rial CoiMgt 9. lh/tn· TIttodr ...... 70.00 ern part 0 1 the Empire, and an ler in Granada Hills, CA. Future pro­ Roman l~rW / Co;nag~ ]O [)j"id~d F.mpil"t . I7S.oo Augustus and Caesar administering grams wi ll address Roman Imperial Roman Imptri,,/ Coinll8~ 1·IOcomp1Ne ...... IISO.OO Roo,,,,, Pn,.";ndal C"in"8e II ...... " 350.00 the Western part. This Tetrarchy con­ coins and an introduction to Parthian RUller: I/i>/o"·" N"",,,,m.. . P"r! I (New) ...... 125.00 tinued for some 30 years with Emper­ coins. Guests are always welcome. For RUl1er: G,uk C" insoISo,dlt ""Iy "nd Sicily .... 45.00 ~ar: lJ}ttmlin ~ C"ins 'md If,/"...... 80.00 ors such as Galerius, Maxentius, and more information please see the ACCLA Scar: G",~k Coins " if/lilts I Europ« ... .•.....•..•. 60.00 Constantine. Ad on page 54 of this issue. Scar: G,...,k Coins & litillt, 2. Afia de Afriro .•. 60.00 S""r: Gnd f~ rnl/ CoiltS and \blues ...... SO.OO Sear: Rnman ( ",'ns & IM",s. 1Vi. I .•.•..•..•..•..•. SO.OO Sear: R"""", Coi",,~ 1M... . . 1Vi. 2 ...... 105.00 Discovered: Se.wc /Wmt", ( Dins & lUI""•. 4 ~ ck. Unless noted ($b). "II an: hanlboond. 'summer'. relationship with OuH,f·prin, ';1100 "'" nocod(op). Pleas" add S4.SO for "Sam is known to CunObelin than has domestic ohipping f.... !he: n"" 1;0. and $1.00 f .... """" addi· tiona1. For foreign oolI.T$. paymem mUSl he in U.S. dollar> us solely from his previously been drnwn OIl a U.S. b.lnk wilh shipping available ru «lSI. coins" says Chris suspected.~ Rudel. "You 'M)Il't find For more infor- Charles Davis his name in any his­ mation, please P.O. Box 547 tory book. When British archaeologists talk contact Chris Rudd. Tel: (44) 1263735 Wenham. Mass'" 0 1984 about SAM they mean 'scheduled ancient 007, Fax: (44) 1263 731 777, email: Tel: (918) 468 2933 Fax: (978) 468 7893 monument.' Now th e word has a new [email protected] or by writing to Numisli, (tlol.com meaning for them and they have a new him at Chris Rudd. P.O. Box 222, hUp:l/www.lbti< 10br0ty king - an unscheduled ancient Briton - to Aylsham, Norfolk NR11 6TY, England. Membe, . inc< 196&: EAC 142 ANA 60027 dig for. I hope they find him one day."

June 2004 37 ing bad coins, that it isn' t enough not be accepted, depending on their merely to reject them. According to source and the nature of the cri ticism, thi s line of thought , the mi ss ion of a The opinions of a dealer (or collector) dealer isn't only to sell genuine ancient known to be expert in a certain series coins, it 's also to search and destroy will usua lly be taken very se riously bad ones, at least metaphori cally. indeed. Some have suggested that Does this make sense? Is it even these warnings should be aired pub­ possible or fair? Certainly, there are licly, and that the failure to do so rep­ practical obstacles. There are on ly x resents a sort of "conspiracy of si­ number of waking hours in a day, lence." The idea here is that dealers many of which a dealer must spend don't like to openly discuss counter­ buying and selling coins. assembling fei ts, lest new collectors, i.e., poten­ catalogues, etc., if he hopes to stay in tial customers, be soured on the pur­ Does an ancien! coin dealer have a business. Bu t the real world should suit of anc ient coins. There's probably responsibility 10 aggressively combat never be allowed to get in the way of some truth to that, for some dealers, the sale of fo rgeries? That seems to be a good theory. III prillciple, li me con­ some o f the lime, dirty lau ndry is, the question of the hour, at least in straints aside, does a dealer have any well, dirty. But I think more often a certain not-so-round Internet circles. responsibility in thi s regard? dealer simply doesn't want to embar­ It goes without saying that a dea ler has It's te mpting to an swer this in the rass a comrade who made a mistake, an absolute ethi cal duty not to know­ affi rmati ve. On the face of it. it '$ clear especiall y as the shoes may switch feel ingly sell fakes, unless they're identi­ that everyone (except the forgers) soon enough. fied as such, (The ethics of selling would prefer it if al l counterfeits dis­ The coins involved in the above fakes asfakes are interesting also, but appeared tomorrow. (A cynic might discuss ion are presumably the prod­ we' ll leave that for another time,) A disagree, argu ing that some dealers are ucts of forgers of at least moderate dealer also has a responsibility to edu­ glad enough to see fakes in the trays ability. What about more blatant fak es, cate himself (or herself) about forg­ of others, because it makes their gen u­ such as the cast "coins" marketed on eries, and to be humble enough to take ine items look belter. I can't swear that Ebay by the notorious "Toro nto seriously informed opinion from other never is true, but it hasn't been my Group"? Any dealer who would be dealers or experienced collectors, so experience.) Dealers have been instru­ fooled by these, even in the heat of the as to keep his stock as free from ques­ mental in exposing many fakes over moment at a show, should find another tionable coins as is humanly possi ble. the years. such as the so-call ed "Black line of work. But there seems to be no So far. everyone is in agreement. Sea Hoard" of diobols from end to the stream of new collectors It ·s been suggested though, that a Mesembria and Apollonia Pontica. rcady to be duped, I recently had the dealer has a further responsibi lity, to But, is a dealer who simply goes about unhappy task of informing a collector acti vely police, not just his (or her) his business of selling genu ine ancient that most of the pricey items he sent own offerings, but those of the broader coins somehow letting down the side? us for examination were worthless marketplace. This supposed impera­ (I realize I'm asking a lot ofhypotheti­ Toronto casts. Our secretary expressed tive can take various fo rms: A dealer cal questions. and so fa r, not provid­ surprise that we would return these to should do his best to publicize known ing many an swers, but this is tricky the collector. Her reasonable fear was fakes, and to denounce the people who stuff. Anyway, it worked for Socrates.) that they would ultimately end up back se ll them. A dealer should refuse to It 's not unusual fo r a dealer to qui­ in the marketplace to rip-off someone buy genuine coins from a suppli er sus­ etly inform another dealer at a show else. In the case at hand, based on my pected of having sold fak es in the past. that they have doubts about a cenain correspondence with the coll ector, I'm A dealer shou ld refuse to accept even coin, or to warn an auction house that convinced there's no chance at all that genuine coins as an auction consign­ they have a suspect coin in their sale. that will happen, or that the collector ment, if part of the consignment is Most often, that's the secret behind the will do an yt hi ng other than fight like fa ke. These are di fferent formul ations terse "Withdrawn" after a particular lot hell to get his money back (probably of the underl yi ng notion that an ethi­ number in the auction's Prices Real­ without success.) But the worry is le­ cal dealer must be proactive regard- ized li st. These warnings may or may gitimate; not everyone is wi lling to absorb their mistakes. What can a dealer do in th is case? The bad coins, BIBLICAL RELATED COINS such as they are, are still the property by James B. Lovette of the collector. The dealer has neither 207 pages. black-and· white illustrations throughout, 6" x 9" the legal nor the moral authority to hardbo und. $25 retail plus shipping. confi scate them. The activities of Ihe A compendium of Biblical related coins that lists each coin Toronto crooks have been reported and gives the appropriatc chaptcr and verse from the Bible. both to Ebay and to the Canadian au ­ Dealer Inquiries Welcome! thorities on numerous occasions. Cer­ tai nl y, a dealer has an obligation to All Proceeds go to the Missouri Numismatic cooperate with investigators if ap­ Society Education Fund. proached, and I know of no one who Please write to: wouldn't be willing to do so. But the Missouri Numismatic Society people buying these things are almost P.O. Box 410652 by definit ion new or inexperi enced. A Sl. Louis, Missouri 63 14 1-0652 continued on page 45 ... 38 The Gelator pyramids. Thus he inspired one of the erly propitiated. Greeks of the time iden­ greatest architectural revolutions in his­ tified him with their own deity AskJepios tory and can be said to be the intellec­ and called him by the Greek name tual father of one of the great wonders lmuthes. By the end of the pagan period of the ancient world, the pyramids of he had become the chief deity of Mem­ Giza. He is also credited with the inven­ phis, supplanting Ptah himself. Thus did tion of no less a fixture of ancient archi­ a wise human figure over the course of tecture than the stone column. His fame time become worshipped as a divinity lasted long after his death and by the in ancient Egypt. New Kingdom, ca. 1500-1200 BC, he was highly regarded as the purported author of the venerable "Book of Temple Foundations". In the Late Pe­ Of Humanity and DI­ riod, ca. 600 BC, his popularity greatly increased and many statues ofImhotep vinity in Ancient depict him as a scribe with a roll of pa­ Egypt pyrus across his knees, but without any divine attributes such as a beard, crown The theme of this essay might be or scepter. These statues were made in somewhat facetiously called "Boy different materials, especially in bronze. makes God, in Ancient Egypt." In the By the time of the Persian Domi­ ancient world the line between the Hu­ nation, ca. 400-300 Be , lmhotep was man and the Divine was often blurred. being worshipped as "The Son of It was firmly believed that the Gods Ptah" displacing Nefertum in the walked among men, and thaI certain men Triad of Memphis. He became the could be elevated to Godhood. patron deity of scribes and doctors, It is nO{ all that surprising to learn and indeed, all who like himself oc­ that the ancient kings of Egypt not cupied their thoughts with science and A seated bronze of Imhotep from the only felt that they ruled by "divine the occult arts, which in ancient Egypt Late Period depicting him with a pa­ providence", but actually considered were often interchangeable concepts. pyrus scroll open across his lap. themselves to be "Divine Beings". To The common people believed that he (Cairo Museum). their subjects, they were literally the could affect miraculous cures if prop- incarnation of the Divine Sun God reigning on Earth. Indeed, Ihe reigning pharaoh and his ancestors were often literally wop.>hiped Classical in Egyptian and Nubian Temples. The kings of Egypt were not unique Coins & Art of in antiquity in having divine pretensions. the Ancient World Many other rulers were deified in the ancient world; the Roman Caesars are Greek, Etruscan , one example among many others. Nor Roman, Egypti an, was it unheard of for great personalities, & Near Eastern Antiquities whether actual or legendary, to take on a certain divine aura, such demi-gods We arc pleased to announce the abound in ancient mythology. A good most recenl edition (2004) of example was Gilgamesh, the legendary Art of the Ancient World, hero of Mesopotamia. Rare individuals were so admired our new 72 page catalog illustrating 200 objecls for their accomplishments, that al­ in ful! color, with chronologies and glossaries for though they were recognized as fully the Classical World and Ancient Egypt human by their contemporaries during will their lifetimes and continued to be so DEALERS: We exchange our recognized after death, they were nev­ antiquities f or your ancient coins! ertheless worshipped as true deities.

One such was the great sage and Ie""", M. Ei",nbe'll scribe Imhotep. It is clear from Egyp­ !..M 277 tian sources that he was an actual his­ torical personage being vizier to the royal-athena galleries great Pharaoh Djoser of the third Dy­ Jerome M Eisenberg, Ph.D., Director Established 1942 nasty, ca. 2686-2613 Be. A scribe and scholar, he was said to have been the 153 East 57th SI., New York. NY tOO22' Tct: (212)·355-2034 ' Fa,;:: (2 12)-688·04 t2 greatest architect of his time. He is be­ • c-mail: [email protected] · VisitourWebsite.updatednlOnlhlywith our latest acquisitions: www.roya lathcna.com lieved to have organized the construc­ Royal·Athena at Scaby. 14 Old Bond Street, London WIS 4PP. England tion of the great step pyramid at Sakkara, , Tel: (44) 0207495·2590 ' Fax: (44) 020749t· 1595 · c·ma;I, m;nerva@minervamagaz;ne.com which was indeed the first of the true June 2004 39 By the 1950s it was clear that the "thick am ccrtainly not a statistical expert, Jewish shekels" were products of the there is no doubt that his preliminary Jewish War, and later archaeological data is significant and intcresting, and excavations at Masada absolutely provides some basic information that proved the point. has heretofore not been recognized. The Jewish War spanned fi ve differ­ We're pleased that Fontanille has ent years. from 66 to 70 AD, hence the allowed us to present this material to shekels and half shekels were issued the public for the first ti mc in thi s with fi ve different dates, from year one space. and after th is article appears to year five. (abbreviated in detai ls by the neces­ Shekels and half shekels hn ve been sity of space), the full data will appear crying out for a major stud y of their own, at the Mep website. onc similar to the great work by Leo At thi s stage the survey involves a Revealing New Study Mildenberg on The Coinage of the 8ar total of 264 coins, 179 shekels and 85 Kochba War. While such a book is not yet half shekels. The sources of th ese of Jewish War Shekels forthcoming. a French-Canadian numis­ coins are papcr and online catalogs. matist, John-Phili ppe Fontanille, has made hooks and guides, and museum and Shekels and half shekel s of The a running start. private collections. Jewi sh War are perhaps the prototypi­ Fontanille, a master gu itarist and mu­ Among Fontanille's fascinating ob­ cal examples of ancient Jewish coi ns. sic teacher by profession. is Ihe Hu thor of servations arc these: The Jewi sh War itself was a seminal the popular little book The Coill s of I. In general, for both thc shckels event in the history and evolution of PonlilL~ Pilate. Like few others. Fonlanill c and half shekels, the reverse dies seem the 1cwish people, and there is also no has a mind obsessed with logic and de­ to outnumber the obverse dies in a ra­ doubt that the momentous events in tails regarding ancient Jewish and Bibli­ tio of a bit more than 2 to I. (There ancient Israel 66-70 AD played a sig­ cal coins. And to satisfy both himself and are no theories yet about why this ra­ nificant role in the ea rl y development a real gap in the field, several years ago, tio ex isted. At the moment this is a of Christianity. with his own funds and his remarkable basic die study, and does not make any This month we wi ll not dwell on Ihal energy, hc established the Menorah Coi n attempt to follow die breaks and dete­ fascinat ing history. which is well doc u ~ Project (MCP), For those not fami liar wi th riorations. as Mildenberg has done for menled in many books and articles. On it. this is a non-commercial Internet site the Bar Kochba coins. However, I wi ll the other hand , we will foc us on the sil­ (www. menorahcoinprojcct.orl:), where posit one quick theory here. The coins ver shekels and half shekels struck dur­ Fontanille has established a clearing-house of the Jewish War were basicall y ing the Jewish War. They are certainly for the various die varieties of many of manufactured in a siege situation, es­ among the most popular and sought af­ the types of ancient Jewish/Biblical coins. peciall y duri ng the fourth and fi ft h tcr coins of the series of ancient Jewish! He started with a few coins, and has ex­ years of the war, as Jerusalem was es­ Biblical coins. panded to the point where Me r now li sts senti ally surrounded, ifnot completely Every book on ancient Jewish and die varieties for more than 70 different besieged. by the Roman Legions for Bi blical numismatics has fe atured the basic types of coins in this series, and many the entire time. Hence, by definition, si lver shekels and half shekels, or the more interesting varieties. the minting operation was a limited "thick Jewish shekels" as they were Scores of collectors, dealers, and cven one. It is, therefore, quite impressive called in the latc 1800s and early 1900s. experts at the Israel Museum 3nd isr3cl that the coins created were of such It was ori ginall y widely be lieved that An tiquity Authority are cooperating and high qual it y, both from an engraving these coin s were minted by Simon collaborating on this worthwhilc cffort. and a manufacturing standpoint. Per­ Maccabee. who was at one ti me granted In the last few months Fontani11c h3s haps when these coins were manufac­ permission by Antiochus VII Sidetes, turned his auention to the shekels ,md tured, each minter worked with one Seleucid ruler of Syria, to mint coins of half shekels of the Jewish War. While obverse die and two reverse dies set his own for the ancient land of Israel. the study is far from completed. and I in bases. Hence, while a minter was striking one coin with his obvcrse die, into a particular rcvcrsc die, another mi nt worker was cleaning another re­ AUKTIONSHAUS H.D. RAUCH GMBH verse die and preparing a planchet for RDRAUCH A-1014 Vienna, Graben 15 - Austria I Europe striking. In this way, output from a mint with limited manpower could be max imi zed.) 73th Auction for Ancient, Medieval 2. For years it has been stated that and World Coins, Historical Medals the "average" weights of the shekels is 14 grams, and the half shekels 7 grams. Anecdotally, however, recent May 17 - May 19. 2004 finds have shown quite a few shekels World Trade Center Vienna Inti Airport and half shekels that arc lighter, and a few heavier. I attribute most of these For the Auction Catalogue see: www.hdrauch.com lightcr coins to a Icaching out of the For information contact: e·mail: [email protected]. silver over time. But for whatever rca­ fax: 01 143-1-535 61 71. tel: 01143-1-533 33 12 son, we now have some factual ranges to deal with, which are much morc meaningful than averages: 40 The Celalor Year I shekels: 11 .82 to 14.80 grams. Half shekels 6.20 to 7.20 grams. Year 2 shekels: 12. 11 to 14.52 grams. Half shekels 6.02 to 7.09 grams. Year 3 shekels: 12.30 to 14.30 grams. Half shekels 6.07 to 7.08 grams. Ycar4 shekels: 13.3 1 to 14.30 grams. Half shekcls 6. 16 to 6.98 grams. Year 5 shekels: 13.30 to 14.25 grams. Unique half shekel is 6.90 grams. 3. The rarit y of the shekels according to Rmtanille's sample is as fo ll ows: Year I . 24 coins (13%) Year 2.98 coins (55%) Year 3. 38 coins (21 %) Year 4. 13 coins (7%) Year 5. 6 coins (4%) (Note: In Ihi s study Fontanillc has omitted the Baldwin group of 12 Year 5 shekels. PLUS the thirteenth coi n from the same dies in the British Museum. There has been quile some cont roversy over these coins. However, we note that in an extensi ve electron microscopy study in 1986 Herbert Kreindler, with Prof. Yaakov Meshorcr, determined theiT authenticity. The Israel Mu seum has acquired one for thei r collection. The coin from the same dies in the British Part of a hoard of Jewish shekels from the second year, as Museum has NOT been cleaned harshl y found. A new study by The Menorah Coin Project casts inter­ as has the rest of the group, and ancient esting new light on the shekels of the Jewish Wa r, 66-70 AD. chlorides of silver are clearly present on (Photo by David Hendin) this coin. Finally, I have personall y ex­ amined the coins in this group. and 1 believe thaI they arc genu ine.) Here is the rarilY of the half shekels: Year I. 26 coins (3 1% ) Year 2. 25 coins (29%) Guide to BIBLICAL COINS Year 3.30 coins (35%) Year 4. 3 coins (4%) YearS.l coin (l%) FOURTH EDITION Fontanille notes that "in spite of their similar estimated value on Ihe markcl. thc by David Hendin shekel of year 3 is 2.5 times rarer than the shekel of year 2." Furtherm ore, according to the current MOST POPULAR REFERENCE EVER WRI1TEN coll ected data.lile ratio is one half shekel FOR BmLlCAL AND JEWISH COINS for evcry two shekels. My anecdotal information over the 512 pages; 38 pages of high-quality plates; years, based on viewing many ITlQrecoins. sturdy hardcover; dust jacket is that eventuall y it will be shown that the mtio of hal f shekels to she kels is probably ORDER FROM YOUR FA vORlTE COIN DEALER more like I 10 3 or even I to 4. The half OR GET AN AUTOGRAPHED COPY shckels are quile a bit morc rare. DlRECf FROM THE PUBLISHER. $75 postpaid 4. 1be numbers of dies OOsen'Cd is also interesti ng. For the shekels: Year I. 7 obverse, 13 reverse. Year 2. 25 obverse, 67 reverse. WWW.AMPHORACOINS.COM Year 3. 13 obverse, 23 reverse. Year 4. 6 obverse, II reverse. Year 5. 3 obverse, 4 reverse. (Again ' We wrote the book on Biblical coins!" this does not include the Baldwin group, ASK FOR our free il lustrated catalog of P.O. Bo~ 80S which would add additional obverse and Nya(k. NY 10960 Jewish, Biblical. Greek, Roman coins. reverse dies.) 845·358·7364 ancient weights and small antiquities Am pho raCoin~ @aol .com (and books abollt them). continued on page 46 ... June2004 41 in the column. The increasing impor­ expect a high level of scholarship in tance of Internet sales and the declin­ his historical information. A quick sur­ ing number of regularly issued printed vey of his VCoi ns inventory reveals lists reflects the growing importance many affordable coins priced under of online commerce in our business. SIOO. Due to the time lag between when this Antony Wilson's York Coins store column is written and when it is read, has a very detailed Roman inventory including online auctions and Ebay arranged by period, alphabeticall y and will not be possible. also searchable by denomination. He Much of my web searching will be also has a good selection of English, done on VCoins - not because of any Scottish and Irish hammered, includ­ personal or professional preference. ing an attractive Irish base si lver groat but because I have a slow dialup In­ of Elizabeth I with a clear bust of the A warm summer welcome to all of ternet conncction and one can see a lot queen. our readers. of new coins from many different deal­ Wayne Sayles certainly needs no First things first - Please take note ers efficiently. introduction to Celator readers! I' m of my new address effeclive immedi­ Civitas Galleries is one of the sure it wi ll surprise no one to learn that ately: P.O. Box 272 1 Portland. OR newer ancient and medieval coin deal­ his store has a number of the pictorial 97208-2721. My association with Tom ers, owned by CNG alumnus Benjamin Artuqid and Ayyubid bronzes he and Cederlind has ended on an amicable Bell and his associate Joshua Moran. Bill Spengler have studied so intently. basis; any lists sent !O his address will Civitas offers a wide range of mate­ His books on various numismatic top­ be significantly delayed in reaching rial, with special areas of emphasis ics are also available. me. being Oriental coinage, including imi­ That's about all there's time for this The second matter is a new focus tative coinage. Sasanian, Hunnic and month. As my fel low columnist Thom for this column. In order to keep up Indian. As Ben's Master's dissertation Bray says "See you online!" with changing times, I will be includ­ was on the subj ect of Eastern imita­ ing fixed price web-based inventories tions of thc Venetian ducat, one can

Faulkner Cont. from page 30 gain price is to decide in advance on a References and numismatics. The coin photographs price/quality goal, monitor eBay regu­ Coin Archives in this article are from the collection of larly (for months if necessary) and wait www.coinarchives.com. thc author and were photographed with until the desired value offering comes Matt ingly, H. and E. A, Sydenham, a Canon D60 digital camera. Tone scales along. The wrong approach is to bid ag­ The Roman Imperial Coinage: Volume were adjusted in Adobe PhotoShop. The gressively on the first cxample you see IV Part II, London: Spink & Son, 1938. database analyzed here is in the form of that is at the quality level you want. Walker, Leslie, "Bidding for Trou­ two EXCEL spreadsheets (280 KB and ble?", Washington Post, Sunday, May 70 KB in size). Anyone who would like A Closing Caution: I 1,2003. to receive a copy of these spreadsheets The database that was assembled MOllchmov, N. A., Le Tresor Numis­ by email can contact the author at and analyzed consists only of the coins matique de Rika-Devilla, Editions du twfau[[email protected]. ofElagabalus. The general insights de­ Musee National Bulgare No. 31, Sofia, veloped here can probably be safely 1934 (Reprint by Barry P. Murphy, Lan­ extended to the whole Severan era. But caster, PA, 2003). the further one goes beyond that era in either direction - the less certain it About the Author - Now retired, Ter­ Muscular Oystrophy Association is that the relationships observed hcre ry Fau lkner is pursuing numerous avo­ will hold. cations including history, photography Where WHOLESALE TO ALL! Hope Begins 100 ancient coins in flips and attributed. A diverse lot including Nero, Caesar Augustus, Alexander the Great, Biblical "Widow's Mite", etc. Only $475.00 postpaid, with satisfaction guaranteed! (including Van Meter's book Collecting Roman Coins) 1Lonbon (!Coin ~aUeties Suite 27, Mission Viejo Mall , Mission Viejo, CA 92691 1-800-FIGHT-MD (949) 364-0990· E-mail: londoncoin @cox.net www.mdausa.org Internet: www.lcgmv.com

42 The Gelator that goes back to the days of the cave man. A Google online search for the un Ique phrase "psychology of collecting" netted nearly 20 pages of returns in .27 seconds. It took a tad longer to read them. One of the more interesting returns was a short piece written by Judith Katz­ Schwartz titled "Remembering Dora, Phoenicia Grandma" (hup:llwww.msjudith.netl Trajan, AD 98-117 other/040599.hlm). Ms. Katz-Schwartz from the collection of Doris Sayles relates her experience cleanin g out "Grandma's" apartmcnt after it became are a symbol ic li nk that serves to fi ll a "A personal interest" necessary for the aging relative to live void. And, from that, comes a measure Ancient coin colieClOrs can find a in a nursing home. For those who don't of sati sfaction transcend in g that multitude of topics to stimulate thei r or can't read the article, it wi ll suffice derived from merely accumulating interest, but many find themselves to say the Grandma was a "saver" of items on a list. Indeed, collecting is drawn to coins that mirror some other things. Sorting through her belongings suggested as a form of art therapy in aspect of their lives, Doctors, for was an object lesson in collecto r the field of cl in ical psychology. example, often have an affinity faT coin s psychology summarized by this astute Not every collector seeks or needs bearing the caduceus or representations observation: "Some people collect for this kind of personal connection, but the of As kl epios . Lawyers often seek out investment. Some collect for pleasure. emotional rewards of collecting are very coins bearing scales. Members of the Some folks do it to learn about history. much a part of virtually every collector's clergy are prone to collecting Biblical And some people 'save things' because experience. For some, the exercise is related coins. Of course, there are many il helps them to fi ll a gaping hole, calm one of challenge and achievement. more professions and avocations that fears, erase insecurity. For them, The harder the challenge, the greater find the imagery of ancient coins collecting provides order in their lives the sense of achievement. It seems to reflecti ve of their nature. Actually, and a bulwark against the chaos and ho ld true that as collectors mature in almost everyone can find some favorite terror of an uncertain world. It serves the hobby they seek ever-increasing pastime or professional pursuit as a protectant (sic) against the challenges. Fortunately, there isn't any represented in ancient coin motifs, destruction of everything they've ever shortage of challenging topics to Many collectors also find coins of loved. Grandma's things made her feel educate and entertain the collector of interest because of the name of the safe. Though the world outside was a ancient coins. issuing authority. For example, my wife dangerous and continually changing At times, collecting can seem like a Doris is fond of coins from the place, she cou ld st ill sit safely in her contact sporl. The pursuit of our Phoenician city of Dora. Actually, it is apartment at night, 'putting together in dividual interests can become an because her mother's name was Dora my things'." obsession as we ll as a form of therapy that these coins have a special meaning. Why is it that we are often fascinated and one sometimes wonders which is Not many guys these days are named wi th "saving" or collecting th ings from worse - the condition or the cure? As Odysseus, but there arc a surprising the past that have continued relevance with all things in life, the best approach number of Mark Anthonys and even and personal interest to us today? is usually one of moderation. If we ask more Alexanders. 1 have been asked Perhaps it is our way of grasping a bit ourselves "Why do I collect ancient many times by gift givers for coins of of immortality. As "Grandma" calmed coins?", and allow some honest Julia (take your pick) and a few times her fears and crased her insecurity by introspection, we ought to discover that for one of Li via. "saving" things, we too find a sort of we do it because it makes us feel good. Sometimes the coin's image is the security blanket in being able to reach And, the reason that it makes us feel object of personal interest rather than out and touch someone from the past. good is often because it reinforces other the name. One customer o f ours Granted, coins from Dora are not really personal interests and changes our life coll ected coins with the zodiacal signs a physical link to Dora [vey, but they in a positive and rewarding way. of each of her nephews and nieces. Pel lovers have a multitude of choices VALUE YOU CAN APPRECIATE among coinage from the ancient world. One friend, who is not even a FROM A NAME YOU CAN TRUST collector of coin s, has several interesting coins depicting elephants, Ihttp://ancientcoins.ac I which are a personal passion of his. The psychology of collecting is a frequent topic of study and the source Ihttp://vcoin s.com/saylesl of much spilled ink . One of my all-time favorite books is Joseph Alsop's monumental dissertation titled The Rare WAYNE G. SAYLES, ANTIQUARIAN Art Traditions. At the risk of over PO. Box 9 11 , Gaincsville, MO 65655 simplifying, it could be said that Alsop (417) 679-2142 . (417) 679-2457 · waync@a nciCnT coinS.ac believes we simply cannot help Unlimited Guarantee of Authenticity ourselves. Collecting is an inherited trait

June 2004 43 In the past I' ve discussed the vari­ full y taught in thi s cyber environment: ous siles that offer resou rces in thc from nursing to art classes, students way of articles, chat rooms and forums and fac ulty ali ke have embraced this (seek oul past issues and you' ll find new wri nkle on the old "correspon­ them, or head to ancients.info and dence courses" of the past. ancientcoinmarkCl.com as a great The interesting thing about this tech­ place to start), bUlloday I want to talk nology is that it's not just being used by about what l think is a method of edu­ trad itional schools. Just as the news in cation we'll all be usin g in the future: ou[ culture has become a fonn of enter­ Online Distan ce Learning. tai nment thanks to 24-hour cable news It 's here already. If you listen to Channels. so has learning! "lnfo-tainment" National Public Radio, you've heard is being put to great use by such places as the ads fo r Capella Un iversi ty. one of http://university.bamesandnoblc.coml. Distance Education the many full y accredited (and for where course..~ in astronomy. lawn care and profit) sc hools that operate entirely outdoor grilling are offered rree or for a and Ancient Coin online, offering Bachelor and Master's vcry low fcc to anyone who cares to sign Collecting degrees, and even PhD's. Your author up. (Your author took the course in back­ has taken Master's level courses at yard astronomy-it was great!) Capella, one of those courses in Di s­ So it isn't too much of a stretch of By now it mUSI be no surprise to tance Education. The tcchnology is the imagination to imagine all sorts of you, dear readers, to hear that the web getting better and bctter as the nation intcractivc courses reiating to ancicnt is a wonderful place to learn about (and world) arc wircd for faster Inter­ coin collccting being offered onlinc. your hobby. Since we're adding num­ net connections. Programs like WebCT In facl. your author has experiment­ bers to the ranks of ancient coin col­ and Blac kboard arc used by un iversi­ ed with this in an online site called lectors everyday (and the In ternet has ti es- and high schools and communi­ "A ncient Coin University." A course a great deal to do with this), I like to ty colleges-to offer online learning was bu ilt based on a popular begin­ discuss this wpic as oftcn as possible. as cither an enhanccmenl or alterna­ ner's article by Doug Smith. Complcte Educated coll ectors, I beli eve, arc tive to traditional classroom courses. with interactive quizzes, it was as if happier collectors. Happy coll ectors While it's certainly true that somc an article in th is publi cation could talk also make fo r happy dealers. So subjects lend themselves to online back to you! The beta test proved that everybody wins in thi s admilledly learning better than ot hers, you might the technology is ready- the class was simplist ic obse rvation . be surprised at what has been success- a success based on the feedback of those who used it. What's mi ss ing is thc business model ! The Cefator has fo und the perfect bal ance between being a for profi t en­ tcrprise and a service to the CO llecting community; articles contributed by Study Ancient Coins coll ectors in exchange for free sub­ scriptions. advertising and paid sub­ from the scriptions covering the cost-and sli m profits-that Kerry has to meet in 0 [­ Comfort of Your Home der to produce each issue. But the for­ mula seems to work. The question is. what is the formu­ ancientcoinuniversity.com la fo r an onl ine, interactive Celator­ like site? You r author envisions a ANCIENT COIN UNIVERSITY model li ke the magazine, perhaps an cx tcnsion of the magazine itself. But such sites take time to build, and there arc plenty of places online to get fre e information, so until the successful balance between commerce and ser· vice, like The Celato/", can be found, or until someone wants to take on such a projcctjust for the hell of ii, the tech­ nology will have to be said to have moved faster than our ability to use it Learn All About Collecting Ancient Coins in a practical manner. But I'd love 10 have you come try out the Ancient Coin University beta www.ancientcoirunarketcom course. I bclieve strongly in this project. And I'd love to hear your thou ghts on all of this. Email me at New Articles Monthly thombray I @aol. com. Unti l lhen-see you onlinc! 44 The Celator Davis Cont. from page 38 people don't expect as much of the members of other professions. Few dealer can shout a warning to the roof­ wou ld demand Ihal their doctor dedi­ tops (some have), and it may not be cate his or her li fe to ridding the world dealers ad- heard or heeded until it's too late. of quacks. Some doctors may well ". , . =r: campaign against bad medicine, as a ~. vertlslQg In I mentioned earlier the notion that a dealer should refuse to purchase any­ sort of avocation. Likewise, some coin tb1S Issue, thing from a supplier suspected of dealers arc vigilant in Ihe fight against don'r forget knowingly passing fakes in the past. fakes. Is it reasonable to expect more Certainly, the wares of such a suppli er than Ihat? to tell them that you will receive a particularly careful ex­ saw their ad in amination. This can be a dangerous game. A dealer will need a lot of guts and self-confidence to complete the TheCelator transaction; some will decide to just say no. But if the questionable sup­ plier is offering genuine coins at a rea­ sonable price, I see no ethical barrier MORTON & EDEN LTD to their purchase. As a collector, I was in association with Sothebys 45 Maddox Street London W1S 2PE always quite clear on this point. There were a few dealers I would cheerfully have consigned 10 a middle rung of Auctions, Valuations and Sales of hell, but in the unlikely event they of­ Ancient. Islamic and World Coins, fered a desirable piece at a reasonable Medals, Decorations and Banknotes price, I wou ld have purchased it with­ out any qualms. The coins themselves aren't tainted. They have no moral or Please contact James ~' I orton, Tom Eden or karmic content. I would have bought Steve Lloyd for advice on buying or selling coins from Salan himself (imagine the or to be included on our mailing list. conlacts he must have!) as long as his offerings weren't fake or stolen. A dealer is free to do the same. telephone +44 (0)20 7493 5344 fa..x +44 (0)20 7495 6325 comail [email protected] The suggestion that an auction house has an obligation to reject an entire consignment that contains fakes may secm to be a straw man, but it was seriously made on one of the Internet STILL IN PRINT discussion lists. The goal would be to force the consignor to more carefully vet his coins before resubmitting Martin J. Price them, consulting with an expert if nec­ essary. But from the perspective of the consignor, or quite possibly his The Coinage in the name of Alexander he irs, the auction house is the expert. the Great and Philip A rrhidaeus A reputable firm would surely not look kindly on a consignor who deliber­ A Briti sh Museum Catalogue. Zurich/London 199 1 ately attempted to pass counterfeits 2 cloth bound volumes, 637 pages. 159 pl ates through their sales, and might indecd refuse to work with him in the future. The Swiss Numismatic Society is pleased to announce that the How often docs that really happen late Martin Price's masterwork on the coinage of Alexander though? It's much more like ly that the colleclOr made mistakes, whether is still avai lable from the Society's distributo r. through naivete, lack of discernment, or avarice. Pun ishing him by refusing Special Price for Celator readers: to accept his genuine coins does noth­ $275.00 includinL! postaL!e. ing at all to rid the markctplace of fakes. If anything, it makes it more likely they will reappear in a shadier To order, send your cheque to: venue, because they can hide among Mr. Alexander Wild, Rathausgasse 30, CH 301 1 Bern e, Switzerland the authentic pieces. It's understandable that collectors phone: 00410313114480, fax: 004103 1 3 11 4470 want to enjoy their coins without wor­ ry ing that some of them were made and don't fo rget to note that you are a Celator reader! last week. Surely it's someone's job to act as the forgery cops? But most

June 2004 45 Hendi" Cont. from page 41 5. The MOST surprising find of on TIle Road - Fontanille's study is that there does not seem to be ANY crossover at all be­ ' I,e The Gelato,'S And the half shekels: tween obverse and reverse dies in dif­ Year [.4 obverse, 9 reverse. ferent years for either shekels or half -::: Show & Glub Year 2. 6 obverse, 17 reverse. shekels . In other words, year one ob­ Year 3. 6 obverse, 16 reverse. verse dies arc ALWAYS coupled with ~ Schedule Year 4.3 obverse, 2 reverse, year one reverse dies, and the same is June 26-July 2-ANA Summer Year 5. I obverse, I reverse. true for the other years. Seminar, ColomdoSprings, co, Keny These numbers and ratios pretty While the obverse dies of the shek­ Welterstrom and David Vagi will be much back up the distribution by year els and half shekels are always dated, teaching a course on Ancient Greek with one exception. According [ 0 the the reverses arc generic and virtually Coinage. For further infonnation, please numbers of dies. the shekels of the identical (with the exception of the contacttheANA Education Dept at 719- Year 4 should be comparable in num ­ first year half shekels, which have a 632-2646 or bye-mail at ber to those in the Year I. Instead, slightly different inscription). [email protected]. however, they are TWICE as rare (i .e. Therefore, it is not at all clear why, July 23-The New Yorl< Invitational there are about half as many). The ex­ in a time of duress, the Jewish minters Coin Show. Grand Hyatt Hotel, NYC. planation of this would no doubt lie would go to the trouble to create new Keny will be in attendance on Friday in the fact that the true siege of Jerusa­ reverses for the shekels and the half only for this new SlUIlITlCr coin show. lem took place beginning in the fourth shekels every year when it may not August 18-22- ANA Conventiooat year of the war, and there was a known have been necessary. At the moment I the David Lawrence Convention Cen­ shortage of silver in Jerusalem. This cannot imagine why this would be the ter in downtown Pittsburgh, PA. Keny fact is borne out by the striking of case, and such an interesting phenom­ is the Pages Otainnan for this conven­ three new emergency bronze issues enon certainly will be subject to a great tion and will be found most of the time only in the fourth year- the 1/8- deal of further study. at the booth for Pages on the bourse floor. shekel, 1/4 -shekel and 1I2-shekel de­ (I want to add here that while 1 nominations. greatly admire the work on the Menorah Coin Project, occasionally I find that some of the comments and conclusions drawn are a bit fanciful or, QUOTES FR OM THE PAST let us say, a bit too preliminary for publication. Thus, whi le 1 cannot nec­ " Inveniet quod qu isqu e ve lit: non omnibus unum essarily endorse each and every theory est quod placet: his spinas colligit, iIIe rosas." that is presented at the Mep, 1 hasten to add that the work of the die studies is extremely important, and the time Every mall siiall ftlld Itls OWII desire; tilCfC 15 110 olle tltll'LJ Wlllc11 and energies put into the project by FOlltanille will be appreciated for yleases all: olle lIlan gatliers thorns and allotlur roses. scholars for many years to come.)

C. Petronius Arbiter - Copyright © 2004 by David Hendin Petronius (ca. 26?-66 AD), Poetae Latini Minores, Vol. 4, 74 (Attr.)

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46 The Gelator Professional Directory

( Antiquities ) (Antiquities & Coins ) ( Antiquities & Books)

F~t\Gt\ffiTS Of lin :fJ'J{'D JI.'J{C1'E7If! NlImismatic Liter"ture MUSEUM-QUALITY ANCIENT ART Tl('E:lLS'll'l('E5 Specializing in Greek, Roman, 0 11 the net at: Egyptian and Etruscan www.ancientguy.com Antiquities /Vi. Harry Rescigno P.O. Box 376 The Time P,O. Box 415 Medfield, MA 02052·0376 Machine Co. Newfoundland, NJ 07435 Tel : (508) 359 • 0090 Send tOf free list of Numismatic Uterature E-mail: Fragments@aol. com Fine Archaeological Art and Coins Contact us for our complimentary ANTIQUARIUS catalogue of fine antiquities p.o. Box 282 - Flushing Sla. Queens, NY 11367 Visit us on the Internet at: Robert Loosley (718) 544·2708 http://www.antiquities.net Professional dealer since 1969 - ex Seaby GREEK AND ROMAN HD ENTERPRISES I I I, , I ' COINS AND ANTIQUITlES ,.. Anliquities , . \~I I' >- Indian Artifacts & Pottery ,.. Pre-Columbian Gold & POllcr), ,.. Ancient Coins ,.. An tique Bottles • Greek • S iMien! • Romm. • JlIdaean ei1: ,.. O ld West & lndilm War Relics • BYZ<1IUill1! • Amiquilies ,.. Antiq ue Religious Art . ,.,' . ,- . ' " ,.. Old Paper ComptJny fteb Site: . - .:. ., ,... Estate & Ancient Jewelry www.heraklcs-inc.com *'" Alln: Hank Johnson VCoins StQre: antiquari us@ xlra.co.nz P,O. B01< 22082CL. Deuver, CO 80222 www.vcoins.com/heraklcs

Ph: 303-695-1301 Fax: 303-75 \-3281 P""ty Sieg~1 E-mail: maj @ix.nctcom.com PO Box 48f)6 11 (Our new cBay seller name is ~emerpriscs) Ch"rllJlI~, NC 28169 DenvcrShov.TOOIn: 1930$0. Havana. #4 (7(j4) SP8·]}14 Online Catalog: MmHu@lteroJ:ln·inc.rom NUMORUM www.IrOCadero.comfHDENTERPRISES ff'_ ,', £Nurn bm.tic Services

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June2004 47 Professional Directory

( Books ) ( Coins ) (~ ___C",o",in",s,---- __)

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48 The Gelator Professional Directory

( Coins ) ( Coins ) (___ =Co=ins=-_~)

Ancient & World Coins Specialist in Ancient Coins SPARTAN PONTERIO Roman, Gnek and Large Thalers, NUf1'Sf1ATrCS & ASSOCIATES, INC. 1486-1800, In Exceptional Quality PO Box 19 also stock World Minor Coins, Furlong, PA 18925 1818 Robinson Ave. Medals, Crowns, Artifacts, San Diego. CA 92103 Books and Coin cases (215) 343-9606 Our inventory is among Free Illustrated Catalog (619) 299-0400 the finest in America (800) 854-2888 Occasional Lists Available Attractive, Low Priced Fax (6/9) 299-6952 JAMES E. BEACH Ancients Numiscellaneous Medieval PNG #308 Antiquities ANA-LM "No One Sells Better jor Less"

Our unique auctions Classical Cash allow you to PAY THE Always Buying!!! PRICE YOU WANT TO PAY Visit our web-sITe at OIlr fillly illustraled (luctions comain over 500 /0/.1 of ancient coins, antiquities www.oldromancoins.com and (lI,/;ques in (,/I price Tlmges. ,. View our Quctions at (413) 733-4511 GB - NRI I 6IT. www.colocoinex.com 735007 or send for catalog - 210 Maple Street 731777 Colosseum Springfield, MA 01105 Coin Exchange, Inc. E-mail: P.o. Box 21CL, Hazlet, NJ 07730 [email protected] (732) 264-1161 • Fax (732) 264-6467

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June 2004 49 Professional Directory

( Coins ) ( Coins ) ( Coins )

Fixed price offerings and PRICE LIST OF ANCIENT COINS Maine Classical We offer frequent A"cient Bargai" Price Lists on-line auctions of which cOl1la;" a nice selection oflhefol/owing: Numismatics exceptional ancient coins Ancient Grce~ Coins (sill·cr & bronze) 2069 Atlantic Hwy., Greek Imperial Coins Roman Egyptian Coins e. Warren, ME 04864 Visit Judacan & Biblical Coins . Bowley's: A fun service coin center Coin, of [he Ruman Procurators S Open 7am to Spm Mon. thru Fri. www.Paul-Rynearson.com COIn., of the T\o,'cI,·c Caesars . and 7am to 4pm on Sat. Roman Republic Coins · Ruman Imperial Coins Byzantine Imperial Coins' Early coin, of US. Route #1, Warren, Marne Numismatic Dealer England. Scotland. & Ireland ' Anglo-Gallic Business: 207-273-3462 Wrile for your free copy of our latest Bargain Home: 207-273-2653 since 1967 Price Ust of Allcielll CO;IIS When in Maille stop in and see us. Deulers;n A",,;enl coin," since 1965 We will be glad to see you. M& RCOINS 11407 S. Harlem A~· e . Barrie Jenkins Worth, IL 60482-2003 Classical Numismatist (708) 671-0806 or (708) 430-1445 • F ax (708) 636-4247 Jonathan K. Kern Co. Uachclor of Arts, Numismatics Ancient, Medieval, Early American Numismatics

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Warden Edgar L. Owen, Ltd. Numismatics, LLC Fine Ancient Coins Antiquities, World Art Specialists on Coinages of Specialists in Greece, Rome, the Near East, Ancient, Medieval Central Asia & India ~ and World Coins Huge Internet Gallery Major On-Line Auction Derek P.B. Warden Unsold items Now At P.O. Box 2210 Classical Numismatist North Bend, WA Bargain Reserve Prices 98045 P.O. Box 121 www_edgarlowen.com Wyncote, PA 19095 USA [email protected] Tel. (425) 831·8789 e-mail: [email protected] Tel: 973-398-9557, Fax: 398-8082 [email protected] Tcl.lFax: 215-884-672 1 POB 714, Lake Hopatcong, Nl 07849

50 The Celator Professional Directory

( Coins ) Coins ) ( Coins ) C--~~-- Visiting: San Francisco? AMPHORA The Silicon Valley? Pegasi Jewish' Biblical Stanford University? NUMISMATICS Greek' Roman TREASURE Ann Arbor, MI Holicong, PA Coins· Weights Visit. .. ISLAND Classical numismatists serving beginners thru advanced collectors Antiquities· Jewelry We carry a large inventory of Ancients as well as the largest Free Illustrated Catalogs Free illustrated list Philatelic stock in the Bay Area. available upon request Classical Greek, Roman, TREASURE ISLAND Byzantine, and Medieval "We wrote the book 3703 EI Camino Real Coins, Books & Antiquities on Biblical coins!" Palo Alto, CA 94306 P.O. Box 131040 (650) 855-9905 Ann Arbor, MI 48113 1;j>. AMPHORAp.o. Box 00:' eOO:1:- email: [email protected] Phone: (734) 995-5743 ~ Ny.,k, NYI0960 t www.ticoinS.com Fax: (734) 995-3410 ~",=) -' Am~:~~~~:~~"om ~, ~ ""

FREE Pricelist of Certified Ancient, Medieval & World ii;) RARE Gold Coins ~ JI S"S~~~"~h' To receive our latest Coinage of Judaea list, please contact us via phone, * Ancient fax, e-mail or letter or * Medieval +• visit OUf website: www.steinbergs.com * Modern ~ Siamak Ahghuri Num ismatist William M. Rosenblum Coins of Greek, Homan, p.o. Box 355 STEINBERG'S Sell!ucid, Byum lille, etc. Numismatic CaM Specialists Sillce 19S0 Evergreen CO 80437-0355 a=...... Phone: (303) 838-4831: 910-8245 StJedaiizing in Eastern Coinage ~ P.O. Box 1565 D<:pt. TC ---. Fax: (303) 838-1213 P.O. Box 9667, Sun Jose, CA 95157 Boca Raton, FL 33429- 1565 E-mail: [email protected] tel: 408.281.3870 fax : 4QlU81.7205 Tel: 95 4·781·3455 • Fax: 954-78 1-5865 www.rosenblumcoins.com email: Parscoins@ yahoo.colll Email: info@stcin bcrgs.com

ISLAMIC & INDIAN ANCIE NT COINS From the earliest IMPORT~ ,to the present

'v/'ItVIN.ANCI ENTIMPORTS.COM CELTIc.. ROMAN, EASTERN, BIBLICAL, GREEK. BY2ANTINE SPECIALIZING IN CELTIC CO INS OF AN'cIE~IT Price lists issued regula rly, availa ble lipan request _ f".T lh, C.II« lQr_ STEPHEN ALBUM ANCIENT & MEDIEVAL COINS MARC BREITSPRECHIER 6 V Y _ St T L_APPflAfSA L P.o. BOX 7386 PO BOX 593 PO 80x ! 5134, Portland, OR 97293 SANTA ROSA, CA. 95407 U.s.A. Tel/Fax: (503) 234_1262 GRAND MARAIS, MN 55604 E·mail: artofmoney@q ... est.net phone: 707-539-2120 [email protected] HISTORICAL NUMISMATICS fax: 707-539-3348

June 2004 51 Professional Directory

( Coins & Books ) ( Coins ) ( Coins ) JEAN ELSEN R4 !p hJ~~ o~:t~ I I-co & ses Fils s.a. Visit us on the web at VCoins Celtic, Greek. Roman, By,","'"" PO. Box 705, Murray Hill, NJ 07974-0705 USA TelephoneIFAX (908) 464-7252 [jglQQins@:cQmga§t.n!i1;t http://www.vcoins.com/ CELTIC, GREEK, ROMAN ra!phdemarco and HAMMERED COINS boughl & sold- illi

PO Box 398 Ancient & Medieval Coins Schwenksville, PA 19473 (610) 287·4820 fax (61 0) 287·4821 E-mail: info@ fredbshore.com Twente Ancient Coins Animals a Specialty John Twente DBS 105 Lefevre, UNC Columbia, MO 65211 (573)-445-3389; [email protected]

KIRK DAVIS Donald R. & Marcella Zauche Classical Numismatics P.O. Box 2000 Greek' Roman· Celtic Westminster, MD 2 1158 Numismatic Literature (4 10) 857-2369; (4 12) 937-9720 Illustrated Catalogues issued quarterly Top dollar paid for single coins or entire collectiuns Please cali or write and express your il1lerest \'or kcoi ns. c om ATlAftTlS, Post Office Box 324 R oman Ql \111Y A'!{ It 'II Clll"'" Claremont, CA 91711 USA (909) 625-5426 Anci ent Bri tish En g l ish, Sco tti s h complele & I ris h Ha mmered

SPHINX NUMISMATICS mail r,M.B. #3R7 721 1 Austin Street Fore't Hills New York 11375·5354 Is lamic, Oriental Greek. pbon, (71f!) -';44 0120 fax (718) 5440120 Roman Provincial. Parthian & ,."'ai/4fltony@yorkcoi"" co m Eastern Dynasties Coinage and Valuation Occasional LLsts www.vcoins.com/sphinx TEL. 905 -947-0954 [email protected] York C oins CANADA An/o'!y IPi/ron Pmfinional NlImiJmatiJ/

52 The Gelator Professional Directory

( Coins ) ( Coins ) C~_..::C.:::oins=.:&=Sbo=w""s,--~)

Ancient Coins, :Jv{&Jvf WEISS Antiquities, Literature 'J{umismatics, Ltd. COllECIABLE & Related Collectibles! SAlFS Bought, Sold and Auctioned! ANCIENT'MEDIEVAL' EARLY FOREIGN QUAL/TY COINS FOR EVERY BUDGET One of/he OIde$l Firm .• in Ih e U.S. ,!t'~ling in Ancien! Coin" VISIT OUR TABLE AT THESE SHOWS: ,n,,,,,,,,;OM/ "'"""",,Iion of l'rof

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+ qIVITa;S+ IJI\U ~ E fiUOO~ IJiRIWl &V~H.l1l ~ CAL LERI ES f(lIANi:INiG.~ 1imI1' ! 6lZI.~~ COI\S NUMISMATICSol PlIlUTELY C Coin Cabinets ) 6••• ~--.::==--==~ Buying and Selling Ancient, Medieval and All World Coins www.sixbid.com Free Pricelist si x ways to bi d: • Floor · Letter · Phone " 'Ye cater to all collector.... • Fax· E-mail · Online hegi""er through advanced" The Portal to the World www.civitasgalleries.com of Numismatics 6800 University Ave Middleton, WI 53562 Tel: 608.836.1777 Fa x: 608.836.9002 SIXBID

June 2004 53 Club & Society Directory

Ancient Coin Club Twin Cities &. 01 Chicago Ancient Coin Club N umiomatie Sodety Meets the 4th Thursday of the M eets 3 0' a year in Toronto, month al 7:30pm al Immanuel :)-'!J""! Lutheran Church, 104 Snelling Ave. , one block south of Grand and at Ave. in St. Paul, MN. For more information, please contact the It also Club Secretary, Art Nool, a1715/ Fo, 332-5443 or bye-mail at [email protected]. I

D.A.W.N. Orange County dis- Denver Area World CUSSIOn Greek, Roman and Numismatists Biblical coins and antiquities. Meets the 1 SI Friday of each month al OCACC 7pm at the American Legion Hall Ancient Coin Club located on Mississippi Avenue just Th~ OCACC will meet tempo...nly atth. Fountain An(ient Coin Club westaf Federal Blvd. in Denver, Colo­ Valley Public Library on the 4th Sunday oftht month rado. For co llectors of Ancient, Medi­ for May and JUDe, from J :304:30PM. The library ofLos Angeles eval and World coins. All are wel­ is located at 17635 Los Alamos Street in QQ.ill.eLCall Bill Rosenblum at 303- Fountain Valley. Please cnntact Brett Telford at 00 (949) 463-3391 nr at b~tt@WCalcni",.com for details Meets the2 Sunday of the month at 838-4831 for further information . Ipm at the Town Hall in the Balboa on future meetings. www.ooca!co;ns.comIOCACC.h MissionShoppingCenter in Granada Hills, CA. For more information, please contact [email protected] '.7Incienf Xumisma fic or please visit http:// m jCQIU10f.home.mindspring.coffi I &CJely o{&JashInylon, 7.JC .lliilll Usually meets the 3,tJ SlUlday of each month at 2:00pm. Please join us for our programs and discussions of ancient nu­ San Francisco Ancient mismatics and history. For more infor­ mation, please contact First Consul Mike Numismatic Society Mehalick at 301 -552-2214, nd [email protected] Meets the 2 Saturday of each http://answ.ancients.info. month at 2: lSpm at Fort Ma­ son, San Francisco. Guests are welcome. For further infonna­ Classical Numismatic Attention: Ancient ti on, please contact Society of Ihe Coin Clubs SF [email protected]. Delaware Valley If you would like your meeting no­ tice to appear in the new Club nd Meets the 2 Saturday of each Di rectory section, please contact PAN - The Pacific month at 1 :OOpm at Camden the editor. This size of ad is com­ County Li brary, 15 MacArthur plimentary to non-profit cl ubs and societies, and the larger size is Ancient Numismatists Blvd., Westmont, NJ 08 108. For available at a reduced rate of $120 Meets the 2nd Sunday information, please call Dic k per year. of the month at 1 :OOpm Shult, at (856) 667-0346. at the Bellevue Public Li brary in Bellevue, WA. For further infor- ~ VISIT THE CELATOR mation write to PAN at P. O. Box 1384, Langley , WA ~ ANCIENT COIN RESOURCE CENTER at 98260. www.pnna.org/pan www.celator.com for information that is useful to the collector!

54 The Celator Celator Classifieds INDEX OF DISPLAY ADVEImSERS .... Ibum. Sl e ~ ...... 51 Arnpho", ...... 41 . 51 Rates: $5.00 for the first 20 words, 20q; each additional word. .... ncien1 Co< n Marleient ImpoIts .. 51 STILL LOOK[NG for a special book BULK LOTS-50 uncleaned Ro man .... ntioch A.sociate ...... 25 Antiqua Inc ...... 10 on ancient or foreign coins? Please visit silver and bronze coins just as found Antiquarius ...... 47 at dig sites. Sold "AS IS" for only Arte Primitivo ...... 47 our website: www.vandcrdussen.com.or Art of Mooey ...... 51 contact us by fax (+31 433216 014). $69.95. Free illustrated catalogs is­ AS1arte 5 ..0...... 28 sued for 36 years. Francis Rath, Box Atlantis. L1d. 52 Van def Dussen - Numismatic Books, Beach. James E ...... 49 266, Youngs{Qwn. NY 14174 BeI1<. Ltd .• Harian J. 49 Witmakersstraat 14- A, 6211 J 8 Be rman. AllenG. . 16 Bid< IntematOooal ...... 53 Maastricht, Netherlands. AGING BUT AMJABLE COLLEC­ Cal9ary Coin Gallery ...... 49 TOR invites you to check out his website: C_~ ind . T<>rn .. In_ Franl Cover ANCIENT and MEDIEVAL COINS. CGB--CGF ...... 22 ht!p :llwww.deepfield.com/anoot. Art CiviI.'Is Gallerie ...... 53 Historical background given for each coin ctass>c:al Cash ...... 49 listed. Roben G. Lilly, P.O. Box 7757, Noot, E-mail: anoot@pctcneLnet ClaWcal Coin Cases ...... 53 Classical NumismatK: Group. Inc ...... Inside BacI< Cove ~ Cross Lanes, WV 25356, 304-759-0402, Colosseum Coents of TIflI(O ...... 47 Greek, Provincial, Roman, Byzantine.Judean ing 3 maps and I aerial photo (as is­ Freeman &. Saa r ...... 17 and MedievaJ coins at reasonable prices. Gorny &. Mosch 48 sued.) Together with complete set of 56 HD Enterprises ...... 47 Great service and fast shipping! Visit us at: plates and key {Q plates in matching full Herakles Numismatics. Inc. 47 He~tage Numismatic Auct""'s. Inc ...... 11 http://www.socrucoins.com. Brett Telford. cloth four-fold tray case (as issued.) Ex­ Indep&ndent Coin Grading (ICG) ...... 9 26741 PortoiaParkway,Suitc IE#261, Foot­ Kem Co .. Jonathan K 50 cellent condition. $750.00 set + post. Kolbe. G&<>rg<> Frederic!< ...... 32. 48 hill Ranch, CA 92610. E-mail: Jet! W. Whitehead Rare Books (ABAA­ Kovacs. Frank L. Krill. Brian .. [email protected]. lLAB), 1412 Center Ave, Bay City MI Leu Nurnismalics. Ltd ...... 19 London Coin Gallelles 42 www.ArtisOpusGallery.com. Ancient 48708. Phone: 989-892-07 19 or email: Lao •. Srott & Usa ...... 50 [email protected]. Maine Classical Numismatics ...... 50 Coins and Antiquities. Antiquarian En­ Malter. Joel & Co. 53 gravings and Books. Specializing in Missouri Numismal ic Society ...... 3a M(>rton & Eden Ltd ...... 45 coins of Greek Sicily and Italy. PARTHIA.COM- Parthian culture, Munzen urwJ Mes CoinslKalmbach ...... 49 Numisrnatica Als Classica AG .. 12 www.civitasgalleries.com. Numisrnalil< Lar"lZ ...... 50 Numorum Numismatic Services ...... 47 Owen. Edga r L ...... 50 Papyrus Boob ...... 48 Pars Coin• ...... 24.51 Pelak. Daniel...... 35 P"93. i Numi.malic$ ...... 5. 51 l' Nachlol9"r. . 18 Phil ips. Wayne C. !>3 P"'ce. o!Time ...... 49 Ponterio & A$$Ociates ...... 3.26. 49 Professional NumismatiS1s Guild ...... 34 RoS<:igr.o. Harry ...... 47 Rauch GmbH. H.D ...... 40 Rosenblum. William M. 6.51 Royal Att>ena Galleries ...... 39 Rudd. Chris ...... 4. 49 Rudni k Numismatics 48 Rynearson, Paul 50 Sa""" Numismatics. LLC ...... 27 Sayles. Wayne G. . Antiquarian ...... ~. 50 Schinke. Glenn 48 Sear. David R ...... 48 81>0", . Froo B...... 52 Sixbd.com . 53 Smythe. R.M ...... 48 Spartan Numiomatics ...... 49 Sphin>c Numismatics 52 Please include me as a subscriber to The Celator: Spi nk & Son Ltd ...... 19 Stack·s Bac!< Cover Sleinberg·s 51 Name Subscription Rates: Swiss Numismatic Society 45 Tone Machine Co 47 Address ______(1-year/2-year) T"'8$ure Island ...... 5 1 Tweote Ancient Coins ...... 52 $30 I $54 United States Vcoins.com ...... 13 City ______Vosper. Mike ...... 52 $36 / $68 Canada WatXtell. E<1ward J. l ld ...... 16. 48 ______-2Z ;p $48 I $90 International WarOsrtie Shoppe 33 II tional subscriptions must De in York Coins ...... 52 o Please bill my MastercardNisa US $ drawn on a US ban k) Overseas deHvery by air·remail

Visa or Mastercard # Mail to: The Celator P.O. Box 839, ------Lancaster,PA L ______~ Exp. Date _ _ I __ Signature 17608- 0839, USA

June2004 55 ANA Names Smithsonian's Douglas Mudd as Money Museum Curator COLORADO SPRINGS-American Smithsonian's numismatic collection. He ANA Summer Seminar courses on the Numismatic Association (ANA) Executive has extensive knowledge about museum topic, "Numismatics for the Museum Pro­ Director, Christopher Cipoletti. recenlly data entry, cataloging, numismatic photog­ fessional." Mudd's expertise will be used announced the hiring of a new employee raphy, research and of course, creation of during opening ceremonies of the ANA's exhibits. The ANA Board of Governors is National Money ShOW™ in Portland, Or­ elated he is joining the ANA team. Of egon, March 26th , 2004. course, I am, too!" "I am pleased to announce the ANA While at the Smithsonian, Mudd devel­ has filled an important job opening, and oped a digital image database of more this will be wonderful for the entire hobby. than 3,500 objects and created web pages Douglas Mudd, who has served as Man­ for the National Numismatic Collection. ager of the National Numismatic Collec­ Based on his extensive experience in cata­ tion at The Smithsonian Institution since loging and Internet programming, more of 1991, will be joining the ANA Money Mu­ the ANA museum's collection is expected seum in Colorado Springs as our curator to be available for online viewing and study later this spring," Cipoletti told the crowd. in the months ahead. "He brings impressive numismatic edu­ Mudd was one of the Portland cation and credentials to his new position convention's scheduled Numismatic The­ al ANA headquarters. Doug Mudd has atre speakers, discussing money and sov­ been responsible forthe care, storage and ereignty, on Saturday, March 27"', and Douglas Mudd security of 1.6 million items in the earlier shared his expertise by teaching again in the "Numismatics for the Museum Professional" course at this year's ANA Summer Seminar Display Advertising Rates An intemational relations graduate of the College of William and Mary, he has taken 1/6 Page - $80 post-graduate American history classes at George Mason University and a class on 1/3 Page - $140 ancient Greekcoinage at the Department of Agriculture Graduate School. 1/2 Page - $200 Mudd also was a student at four ANA Summer Seminar courses between 1993 Full Page - $400 and 2001: Coinage of the Ancient World, (sjngle jnsertjon prepajd rates) Advanced Coinage of the Ancient World, Oriental Coinage, and Early British Coinage. His experience in creating exhibits in­ cludes traditional types of displays, inter­ Annual contract & active computer exhibits and online pre­ multiple insertion sentations. Mudd recently completed work on two interactive computer stations in the discounts available National Numismatic Collection exhibit hall that incorporated over 300 coins with text Targeted directly and images. H e also worked on the Money & Sovereignty exhibit that opens to collectors in April 2004 at the International Monetary page Fund Center in Washington, D.C. of ancient and Mudd has wide-ranging experience medieval coins cataloging coins, and has authored numer­ ous educational brochures. His numis­ and antiquities. matic photography has appeared in many joumals and books, including Life in Re­ publican Rome on its Coinage, by Elvira Call or write for more information or a copy of our current rate card! Clain-Stefanelli. His first duties at the ANA Money Mu­ The Celator IZl seum will include work on the museum's exhibit schedule. Mudd will also continue P.O. Box 839, Lancaster, PA 17608 work on on-line access to the museum TeWax (717) 656·8557 collection, and generating new museum Email: [email protected] donations and acquisitions.

56 The Celator Auctions • Fixed Price Usts • Purchases and Sales

Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. Leading The World in Ancien~ Medieval & British Numismatics

United States Office: Post OffICe Box 479, l..ancaster, PA 17608-0479, USA Tel: 717.390.9194 Fax: 717.390.9978 London Office: 14 Old Bond Street, London W1S 4pp, UK Tel: +44.20.7495.1888 Fax: +44.20.7499.5916 Complimentary Catalogue On Request [email protected] "''''13''' / rJIoin

Ancient coins for every interest and pocketbook Profusely Illustrated Catalogues Available. The Price of $ 10.00 Includes the Prices Realized

Coin Galleries has been conducting Mai l Bid Auctions featuring Ancient coins sincc 1954. Our sales are quarterl y, in the Spring, Summer, Fall and Winter, with the next scheduled for December 2004. Those wishing to consign material should contact us as soon as possible. Coins for inclusion in our December sale should be in our hands no later than September 17, 2004.

VISIT US ON THE WORLD WIDE WEBAT: www.stacks.com NEW PURCHASES-MONTHLYOFFERINGS-AUCfION INFORMATION ore-mail usat:[email protected]

123 West 57th Street· New York, New York 10019~2280 Telephone: (212) 582·2580 or (212) 582·5955· FAX: (212) 245·5018 or (212) 582·1946 fure/a/QL Oin ~ aIIcric% A Ii Clio fi s • Appraisals · Retail· Sillce 1935