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Chronology of the Silmarillion 1 ____ Chronology of the Silmarillion By clotho123 ___ This was put together as a potentially useful guide rather than a rigid framework and I would not regard anything here as set in stone. Tolkien did quite a bit of work on the legends after drawing up his final chronologies and might very well have changed many of the dates if he’d ever reached the point of publishing The Silmarillion. It was compiled from three of Tolkien’s chronological writings: The Annals of Aman, published in The History of Middle-earth: Morgoth’s Ring, Part Two The Grey Annals, published in The History of Middle-earth: The War of the Jewels, Part One with final section and revisions in Part Three, section I The Tale of Years, published in The History of Middle-earth: The War of the Jewels, Part Three, section V The Beginning of Time These dates are from the Annals of Aman. How precisely you think they should be interpreted is up to the individual. They are all in Valian years, which according to Tolkien’s opening description, were each roughly equivalent to ten Sun years (strictly 9.582 Sun years, if you want to be exact). At other times he had other views on the relationship between elven years and mortal years, but I will not go into those here as he did not have them in mind when compiling the Annals. 1 Valar first enter Arda 1500 Tulkas enters Arda 1900 Valar set up the great Lamps 3400 Melkor begins to make Utumno 3450 Melkor destroys the Lamps 3500 The Two Trees are created (1) The Ages of the Trees These annals also are all in years of the Valar. -
A Secret Vice: the Desire to Understand J.R.R
Mythmoot III: Ever On Proceedings of the 3rd Mythgard Institute Mythmoot BWI Marriott, Linthicum, Maryland January 10-11, 2015 A Secret Vice: The Desire to Understand J.R.R. Tolkien’s Quenya Or, Out of the Frying-Pan Into the Fire: Creating a Realistic Language as a Basis for Fiction Cheryl Cardoza In a letter to his son Christopher in February of 1958, Tolkien said “No one believes me when I say that my long book is an attempt to create a world in which a form of language agreeable to my personal aesthetic might seem real” (Letters 264). He added that The Lord of the Rings “was an effort to create a situation in which a common greeting would be elen síla lúmenn’ omentielmo,1 and that the phrase long antedated the book” (Letters 264-5). Tolkien often felt guilty about this, his most secret vice. Even as early as 1916, he confessed as much in a letter to Edith Bratt: “I have done some touches to my nonsense fairy language—to its improvement. I often long to work at it and don’t let myself ‘cause though I love it so, it does seem a mad hobby” (Letters 8). It wasn’t until his fans encouraged him, that Tolkien started to 1 Later, Tolkien decided that Frodo’s utterance of this phrase was in error as he had used the exclusive form of we in the word “omentielmo,” but should have used the inclusive form to include Gildor and his companions, “omentielvo.” The second edition of Fellowship reflected this correction despite some musings on leaving it to signify Frodo being treated kindly after making a grammatical error in Quenya (PE 17: 130-131). -
Bibliographic Information Permanent URL Copyright Information
Apian, Petrus, Cosmographia, 1550 Bibliographic information Author: Apian, Petrus Title: Cosmographia Year: 1550 City: Antwerpiae Publisher: Bontius Number of Pages: [2], 65, [1] Bl. : Ill. Permanent URL Document ID: MPIWG:WBGMR64C Permanent URL: http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/MPIWG:WBGMR64C Copyright information Copyright: Max Planck Institute for the History of Science (unless stated otherwise) License: CC-BY-SA (unless stated otherwise) Table of contents 1. Page: 0 2. COSMOG RAPHIA PETRI APIANI, PER GEMMAM FRISIVM apud Louanienſes Medicum & Mathematicum inſ iam demum ab omnibus vindicata mendis nullis quoq; locis aucta. Additis eiuſde menti libellis ipſius Gemmæ Fr Page: 3 3. Contenta in hoc libro. Page: 4 4. PETRI APIANI Page: 4 5. GEMMÆ FRISII Page: 4 6. DIDACI PYRRHI LVSI-TANI CARMEN. Page: 4 7. DISTICHON. Page: 4 8. R. D. ET ILLVST. PRINCIPI, D. Matthæo, M. Diuina Sacroſanctæ Rho. Ec-cleſiæ Tit.S. Angeli Preſ. Card. Archiepiſco po Saltzburgeñ, Ap. Sed. Legato. &c. Petrus Apianus (dictus Benewitz) ex Leyſnick Mathematicæ diſciplinæ clientu-lus, Salutem perpetuam ac ſui ipſius commenda tionem. Page: 5 9. Prima pars huius libri de Coſmographiæ & Geographiœ principijs. QVID SIT COSMOGRAPHIA, Et quo differat à Geographia & Chorographia. CAPVT PRIMVM. Page: 7 10. GEOGR APHIA QVID. Page: 8 11. CHOROGRAPHIA QVID. Page: 9 12. DE MOTV SPHÆRARVM, Cœlorumq́ue diuiſione. CAP. II. Page: 10 13. DE CIRCVLIS SPHÆRÆ. CAP. III. Page: 11 14. QVID SPHÆRA. Page: 12 15. ¶ Quid axis Sphæræ. Page: 12 16. Deſex circulis ſphæræ MAIORIBVS. Page: 12 17. ¶ De quatuor Circulis minoribus. Page: 13 18. ¶ Sequitur materialis figura Circulorum Sphæræ. Page: 13 19. ¶ Diuiſionis præmiſſæ formula in plano extenſa. -
Quettaparma Quenyallo
Quettaparma Quenyallo † = poetic or archaic word (e.g. †él "star", elen being the ordinary word) or a poetic or archaic meaning of an ordinary word (e.g. russë "corruscation, †swordblade"), * = unattested form, ** = wrong form, # = word that is only attested in a compound or as an inflected form (e.g. #ahya-), LotR = The Lord of the Rings, Silm = The Silmarillion , MC = The Monsters and the Critics and other Essays, MR = Morgoth's Ring, LR = The Lost Road, Etym = The Etymologies (in LR:347-400), FS = Fíriel's Song (in LR:72), RGEO = The Road Goes Ever On (Second Edition), WJ = The War of the Jewels, PM = The Peoples of Middle-earth, Letters = The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien, LT1 = The Book of Lost Tales 1, LT2 = The Book of Lost Tales 2, Nam = Namárië (in LotR:398), CO = Cirion's Oath and its commentary in UT:305, 317, Arct = "Arctic" sentence (in The Father Christmas Letters), Markirya = the Markirya Poem and its commentary in MC:221-223; GL = Gnomish Lexicon (in Parma Eldalamberon #11), QL = Qenya Lexicon (in Parma Eldalamberon #12), vb = verb, adj = adjective, interj = interjection, pa.t. = past tense, fut = future tense, perf = perfect tense, freq = frequentative form, inf = infinitive, gen = genitive, pl = plural form, sg = singular form. The spelling used in this wordlist is regularized (c for k except in a few names, x for ks, long vowels marked with accents rather than macrons or circumflexes; the diaeresis is used as in most of LotR). The spelling used in the source is usually indicated; for instance, ("k") following a word indicates that the word is spelt with a k instead of a c in Tolkien's text. -
The Expansion of Christianity: a Gazetteer of Its First Three Centuries
THE EXPANSION OF CHRISTIANITY SUPPLEMENTS TO VIGILIAE CHRISTIANAE Formerly Philosophia Patrum TEXTS AND STUDIES OF EARLY CHRISTIAN LIFE AND LANGUAGE EDITORS J. DEN BOEFT — J. VAN OORT — W.L. PETERSEN D.T. RUNIA — C. SCHOLTEN — J.C.M. VAN WINDEN VOLUME LXIX THE EXPANSION OF CHRISTIANITY A GAZETTEER OF ITS FIRST THREE CENTURIES BY RODERIC L. MULLEN BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON 2004 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mullen, Roderic L. The expansion of Christianity : a gazetteer of its first three centuries / Roderic L. Mullen. p. cm. — (Supplements to Vigiliae Christianae, ISSN 0920-623X ; v. 69) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 90-04-13135-3 (alk. paper) 1. Church history—Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600. I. Title. II. Series. BR165.M96 2003 270.1—dc22 2003065171 ISSN 0920-623X ISBN 90 04 13135 3 © Copyright 2004 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. printed in the netherlands For Anya This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Preface ........................................................................................ ix Introduction ................................................................................ 1 PART ONE CHRISTIAN COMMUNITIES IN ASIA BEFORE 325 C.E. Palestine ..................................................................................... -
The Growth of Grammar in the Elven Tongues
Volume 21 Number 2 Article 28 Winter 10-15-1996 The Growth of Grammar in the Elven Tongues Christopher Gilson Patrick Wynne Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation Gilson, Christopher and Wynne, Patrick (1996) "The Growth of Grammar in the Elven Tongues," Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature: Vol. 21 : No. 2 , Article 28. Available at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore/vol21/iss2/28 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Mythopoeic Society at SWOSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature by an authorized editor of SWOSU Digital Commons. An ADA compliant document is available upon request. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To join the Mythopoeic Society go to: http://www.mythsoc.org/join.htm Mythcon 51: A VIRTUAL “HALFLING” MYTHCON July 31 - August 1, 2021 (Saturday and Sunday) http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-51.htm Mythcon 52: The Mythic, the Fantastic, and the Alien Albuquerque, New Mexico; July 29 - August 1, 2022 http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-52.htm Abstract While some features of Elven grammar go back to the earliest records, such as the “Qenya Lexicon”, others are unique to later works such as the “Secret Vice” poems and the Etymologies, and some do not emerge until after The Lord of the Rings. -
Editors' Introduction Douglas A
Editors' Introduction Douglas A. Anderson Michael D. C. Drout Verlyn Flieger Tolkien Studies, Volume 7, 2010 Published by West Virginia University Press Editors’ Introduction This is the seventh issue of Tolkien Studies, the first refereed journal solely devoted to the scholarly study of the works of J.R.R. Tolkien. As editors, our goal is to publish excellent scholarship on Tolkien as well as to gather useful research information, reviews, notes, documents, and bibliographical material. In this issue we are especially pleased to publish Tolkien’s early fiction “The Story of Kullervo” and the two existing drafts of his talk on the Kalevala, transcribed and edited with notes and commentary by Verlyn Flieger. With this exception, all articles have been subject to anonymous, ex- ternal review as well as receiving a positive judgment by the Editors. In the cases of articles by individuals associated with the journal in any way, each article had to receive at least two positive evaluations from two different outside reviewers. Reviewer comments were anonymously conveyed to the authors of the articles. The Editors agreed to be bound by the recommendations of the outside referees. The Editors also wish to call attention to the Cumulative Index to vol- umes one through five of Tolkien Studies, compiled by Jason Rea, Michael D.C. Drout, Tara L. McGoldrick, and Lauren Provost, with Maryellen Groot and Julia Rende. The Cumulative Index is currently available only through the online subscription database Project Muse. Douglas A. Anderson Michael D. C. Drout Verlyn Flieger v Abbreviations B&C Beowulf and the Critics. -
Vowel Category and Meanings of Size in Tolkien's Early Lexicons
Journal of Tolkien Research Volume 9 Issue 2 Article 5 2020 Vowel Category and Meanings of Size in Tolkien's Early Lexicons Lucas Annear none, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/journaloftolkienresearch Part of the Phonetics and Phonology Commons Recommended Citation Annear, Lucas (2020) "Vowel Category and Meanings of Size in Tolkien's Early Lexicons," Journal of Tolkien Research: Vol. 9 : Iss. 2 , Article 5. Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/journaloftolkienresearch/vol9/iss2/5 This Peer-Reviewed Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Christopher Center Library at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Tolkien Research by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Vowel Category and Meanings of Size in Tolkien's Early Lexicons Cover Page Footnote My thanks to Nelson Goering for his comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of this essay. This peer-reviewed article is available in Journal of Tolkien Research: https://scholar.valpo.edu/ journaloftolkienresearch/vol9/iss2/5 Annear: Vowel Category and Meanings of Size in Tolkien's Early Lexicons 1. INTRODUCTION: TOLKIEN AND PHONETIC SYMBOLISM The grounds for studying phonetic symbolism1 in Tolkien's invented languages are at this point well established in the field of Tolkien studies. The recent stand-alone edition of "A Secret Vice" (Higgins & Fimi, 2016, hereafter SV), along with perennial interest and commentary on the appeal and effect of Tolkien's languages on the reader are evidence of this. -
Dünya Ve Türkiye”
2015 YILININ DOĞA KAYNAKLI AFETLERİ “DÜNYA VE TÜRKİYE” Prof. Dr. Şükrü ERSOY YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ TMMOB JEOLOJİ MÜHENDİSLERİ ODASI DOĞA BİLİMLERİ ARAŞTIRMA DOĞA KAYNAKLI AFETLER VE MERKEZİ AFET YÖNETİMİ ÇALIŞMA GRUBU Editörler Grubu: JMO Doğa Kaynaklı Afetler ve Afet Yönetimi Çalışma Grubu Üyeleri Murat NURLU (AFAD Başkanlığı) Şükrü ERSOY (Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi) Bülent ÖZMEN (Gazi Üniversitesi) Bekir TEKİN (AFAD Başkanlığı) Arda ÖZACAR (Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi) Kerem KUTERDEM (AFAD Başkanlığı) Koray YILMAZ (Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi) Cenk ERKMEN (AFAD Başkanlığı) 551.22 JEO TMMOB Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası, 2015 Yılının Doğa Kaynaklı Afetleri “Dünya ve Türkiye” /TMMOB Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası Yayınları, 2016.v ...s,şkl; hrt; 24cm. (Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası Yayınları No: 125) Afet, doğa olayları, afet dünya, 2015 afet, afet Türkiye, ISBN: 978-605-01-0854-5 Teknik Hazırlık&Baskı Afşaroğlu Matbaası Kazım Karabekir Cad. Altuntop İşhanı No: 87/7 İskitler/Ankara Tel: 0 312 384 54 88 SUNUŞLAR Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Doğa Bilimleri Araştırma Merkezi tarafından 2013 yılında başlatılan Dünya Afet Raporları, Odamız Doğa Kaynaklı Afetler ve Afet Yönetim Çalışma Grubu’nun da katkılarıyla 2014 yılından itibaren yayınlan- maya devam etmektedir.2014 yılının ayrıntılı raporunun, Odamız tarafından teknik rapor halinde yayınlanmasından sonra, 2015 yılının 3’er aylık dönemler halinde hazırlanan ve sizlerle paylaşılan ara raporlarının ardından 2015 yılının bütününü kapsayan ayrıntılı bu özet rapor meslektaşlarımızın ve kamuoyunun faydalanılmasına sunulmaktadır. Rapor, ülkemizdeki AFAD, Kandilli Rasathanesi ve Deprem Araştırma Ensti- tüsü, MTA, Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü gibi kuruluşlar yanında, başta Ameri- ka Jeolojik Araştırmalar Kurumu (USGS) ve Uluslararası Afet Bilgi Bankası (EM- DAT) olmak üzere bazı uluslararası kuruluşların yayın ve kaynakları taranarak hazırlanmıştır. -
Linguistic Soundtrack Textbook 2 — LINGUISTIC SOUNDTRACK TEXTBOOK
THE LORD OF THE RINGS Linguistic Soundtrack Textbook 2 — LINGUISTIC SOUNDTRACK TEXTBOOK Introduction I have compiled this textbook as a reference while listening to the score of Howard Shore of Peter Jackson’s movie-version of The Lord of the Rings. It is based on information from the Gwaith-i- Phethdain-website, http:\\www.elvish.org\gwaith (All my thanks to those who helped to provide these information!), and comprises most non-english lyrics of all three film installments. In the first three parts, the lines that are sung are listed (as many as could be discovered...) with the corresponding times, sorted by film and track. Then follow the original poems, their translations etc. The times given refer to the special limited editions of the soundtrack. Still, they are incomplete and thus I have to ask your help to complete them. Any new hints can be mailed to [email protected]. All texts here reproduced are ©ed by New Line Cinema. They are from the official booklets, music sheets and websites. I wish you lots of fun in discovering the lyrics! Julian ‘Flammifer’ Jarosch, 29.03.04 Explanations: The marked parts of the poems are those that are sung in the score. Parts in grey are uncertain resp. left out. Parts in {braces} are comments / additions by me. You will find annotations with roman numeralsXXI where help is needed. — 0:05 ----Means that only the endig time of a lyric is known. The structure of the linguistic notes is roughly as follows: attested word part of speech, flection 'english translation'; (SOURCE). -
The Significant Other: a Literary History of Elves
1616796596 The Significant Other: a Literary History of Elves By Jenni Bergman Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Cardiff School of English, Communication and Philosophy Cardiff University 2011 UMI Number: U516593 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U516593 Published by ProQuest LLC 2013. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 DECLARATION This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not concurrently submitted on candidature for any degree. Signed .(candidate) Date. STATEMENT 1 This thesis is being submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD. (candidate) Date. STATEMENT 2 This thesis is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by explicit references. Signed. (candidate) Date. 3/A W/ STATEMENT 3 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed (candidate) Date. STATEMENT 4 - BAR ON ACCESS APPROVED I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan after expiry of a bar on accessapproved bv the Graduate Development Committee. -
March 2001 to February 2011
Beyond Bree Back Issues: The Third Decade March 2001 - February 2011 Nancy Martsch, PO Box 55372, Sherman Oaks, CA 91413; [email protected] March 2001: 20th Anniversary. Cover, 1st "Tolkien SIG News". "History of "'Beyond Bree'''. "Tolkien Conference and Bree Moot 5 at the University of St Thomas", "2001: A Tolkien Odyssey, Unquendor's 4th Lustrum". "Tolkien on CS Lewis' Space Trilogy" by Robert Acker, "Tolkien Scrapbook", "Tolkien Music on the Web" by Chris Seeman & Morgueldar Dragonseye, musical "Sagan om Ringen". Review of Mallorn 38. Poem "Shadows on the Shire" by Matthew Anish. "Mithril Miniatures". "Postal Rate Increase". Publications, Letters, News. 12 pp. April 2001: "T olkien . and Swithin . Beneath the North Atlantic Ocean" by Antony Swithin [Dr William Sarjeantl (maps). Reviews: Visualizing Middle·earth (Chris Seeman), "Two January 2001 Lord of the Rings Stage Premieres in Finland" (Mikael Ahlstrom), The Starlit Jewel: Songs from JRR Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit (David Bratman). "Tolkien Conference and Bree Moot 5", "The 'Beyond Bree' Award", "Decipher Takes Another Key license for Lord of the Rings Property", "Postal Rate Increase", "The Lord of the Rings and Harry Potter". Publications, News. 12 pp. May 2001: "Tolkien Conf. and Bree Moot 5" (photos), ''The 'Beyond Bree' Award". "Postal Rate Increase", "Rockall", ''lOTR Film News", "Tolkienalia Old & New". Publications, Letters, News. "CS Lewis Home to Host 1st Summer Seminar: Branches to Heaven". "Tolkien Scrapbook","Tolkien Events Past".12pp. June 2001: II10s "Tuna", "Turin Turambar" by Ryszard Derdzinski. "A Talk by Tom Shippey" by Todd Jensen. Poems ''The White Tower" by j culver mead, "At the Borders of Faerie" by Matthew Anish, "'Davo Sin' {'let It Be')", Sindarin trans by David Salo.