DOCSLIB.ORG

An Ethnographic Study of Educational Ambivalence Within Coastal Habitus in Northern Mozambique

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
An Ethnographic Study of Educational Ambivalence Within Coastal Habitus in Northern Mozambique Schooling at the edge of the world: An ethnographic study of educational ambivalence within coastal habitus in northern Mozambique PRZEMYSLAW ANTONI WÓJCIK Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of East Anglia School of International Development January 2014 The copy of this thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or extract must include full attribution. 1 Abstract Coastal fishing communities in northern Mozambique have distinctive history, politics and livelihoods that make them physically and socially peripheral. This is evident in relation to lack of the access and ownership of natural resources, social opportunities such as education, access to information and decision making means and the influence of cultural-hereditary characteristics of coastal society. The thesis examines learning in Lunga, the key institutions, their roles and importance. Drawing on Mamdani’s concept of bifurcated state, it outlines the historical background of the formal education system that is a necessary frame for understanding many specific problems of education in contemporary Mozambique. In this setting, the thesis reflects on formal, traditional and Islamic education and their different forms of valorisation in the past and present. The study examines the coastal habitus – the problems of life on the periphery, and the social, political and physical distance. From there, it probes deeper into the relations between competing institutions promoting certain distinctive aspects of coastal life, describing production of the local and the global (national). The main focus of the thesis is the characteristic, ambivalent and strained relations between the schooling and coastal habitus, being the manifestation of the tension between local and global spaces. This thesis discusses these questions and related educational practices as culturally mediated responses to the collective uncertainty and marginalization. It describes the community's struggle over the relative value of schooling versus village-based knowledge and skill acquisition necessary for the community members to live within their structural constraints. Furthermore, it points towards questions of political power, suggesting that coastal society's ambivalence about the utility of schooling may be seen as one of the dilemmas of citizenship in contemporary Mozambique. It demonstrates that ambivalent meanings attached to schooling are shaped by their cultural history and their attempts to maintain their livelihoods in the context of political marginality. 2 Table of contents ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................ 3 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES .............................................................................................................. 6 LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................. 7 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 8 GLOSSARY ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................................ 11 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION: EDUCATION AS A LENSE TO UNDERSTAND HOW COASTAL PEOPLE ENGAGE AND DISENGAGE WITH STATE INSTITUTIONS ............................................................ 13 1.1 THE RESEARCH RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES .............................................................................................. 16 Origins of the idea ................................................................................................................................................... 17 1.2 AMBIVALENCE OF SCHOOLING ........................................................................................................................ 20 1.3 EDUCATION IN MOZAMBIQUE – A BRIEF OVERVIEW ................................................................................... 23 Legacy of the colonial schooling ....................................................................................................................... 24 Expansion of schools after independence and the Civil War aftermath ........................................ 26 1.4 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................................................. 27 Marginalisation of fishers .................................................................................................................................... 28 Space and place ........................................................................................................................................................ 29 Habitus ......................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Research questions ................................................................................................................................................. 33 1.5 OUTLINE OF THE THESIS .................................................................................................................................. 35 CHAPTER TWO METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................................................... 38 2.1 LOCATING THE FIELD: THE RESEARCH SITES ............................................................................................... 40 The process of selection of the research location ..................................................................................... 41 Mossuril and Lunga ................................................................................................................................................ 44 Motomonho and Muanangome ......................................................................................................................... 50 2.4 THE HISTORICAL ANTHROPOLOGY APPROACH ............................................................................................. 53 Epistemological stance ......................................................................................................................................... 54 2.2 RESEARCH METHODS ....................................................................................................................................... 55 Participant observations ...................................................................................................................................... 56 Narrative interviews – life histories................................................................................................................ 60 Key informant interviews .................................................................................................................................... 62 Informal, spontaneous conversations ............................................................................................................ 63 Review of current and historical documents .............................................................................................. 64 2.3 REFLECTIONS ON ACCESS AND THE CHALLENGES OF FIELDWORK IN LUNGA ......................................... 66 The barriers during the fieldwork ................................................................................................................... 71 Positionality ............................................................................................................................................................... 71 2.5 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................................................................. 75 Confidentiality and consent ................................................................................................................................ 76 3 CHAPTER THREE EDUCATION AND SCHOOLING. CONQUESTS AND CHALLENGES ............................................. 78 3.1 TRADITIONAL EDUCATION: AN INITIATION FOR LIFE ................................................................................. 80 3.2 ISLAMIC EDUCATION – MADRASSAS ............................................................................................................... 84 The decline of madrassas in Lunga ................................................................................................................. 89 3.3 EDUCATE TO ASSIMILATE – COLONIAL ERA .................................................................................................. 96 3.4 SOCIAL CHANGES AND EDUCATION AFTER INDEPENDENCE ..................................................................... 102 CHAPTER FOUR HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT OF THE RESEARCH .......................................... 106 4.1 POWER TRANSITIONS:
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Salafi-Jihadi Insurgency in Cabo Delgado?
    A Salafi-Jihadi Insurgency in Cabo Delgado? EVOLVING DOCTRINE AND MODUS OPERANDI: VIOLENT EXTREMISM IN CABO DELGADO Thomas Heyen-Dubé & Richard Rands THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Evolving Doctrine and Modus Operandi: Violent Extremism in Cabo Delgado Thomas Heyen-Dubé and Richard Rands Correspondence to: Thomas Heyen. Email [email protected] A violent extremist group poses a significant threat to parts of Cabo Delgado province.1 Since its first major attack in October 2017, it has perpetuated a conflict to the detriment of sections of the population and government, as well as disrupting economic development. Little is known about the group and its various cells, and serious scholarly studies on the topic are scarce. There is a considerable amount of confusion in policymaking and academic circles about the nature of the violent extremists (VE) and their relationship to the wider global Salafi-Jihadi community. By analysing the theological underpinnings of VE and their action in Cabo Delgado (CD), we bring clarity to this debate to enable international actors and policymakers in Mozambique navigate the complexities of the situation. From this analysis we conclude the following: • VE are not Salafi-Jihadis as they do not share their ideological and theological understanding of the world. VE do not subscribe to the notions of tawhid, hakkymiya, jihad, al-wala wa-l-bara, and takfir, all key criteria that are consistently found within the Salafi-Jihadi nebula. 1 For this study, the term violent extremism is used, which defines the actions of the group not their beliefs and ideologies (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Islam in Northern Mozambique: a Historical Overview Liazzat Bonate* University of Cape Town
    History Compass 8/7 (2010): 573–593, 10.1111/j.1478-0542.2010.00701.x Islam in Northern Mozambique: A Historical Overview Liazzat Bonate* University of Cape Town Abstract This article is a historical overview of two issues: first, that of the dynamics of Islamic religious transformations from pre-Portuguese era up until the 2000s among Muslims of the contemporary Cabo Delgado, Nampula, and to a certain extent, Niassa provinces. The article argues that histori- cal and geographical proximity of these regions to East African coast, the Comoros and northern Madagascar meant that all these regions shared a common Islamic religious tradition. Accordingly, shifts with regard to religious discourses and practices went in parallel. This situation began chang- ing in the last decade of the colonial era and has continued well into the 2000s, when the so-called Wahhabis, Sunni Muslims educated in the Islamic universities of the Arab world brought religious outlook that differed significantly from the historical local and regional conceptions of Islam. The second question addressed in this article is about relationships between northern Mozambican Muslims and the state. The article argues that after initial confrontations with Muslims in the sixteenth century and up until the last decade of the colonial era, the Portuguese rule pursued no concerted effort in interfering in the internal Muslim religious affairs. Besides, although they occupied and destroyed some of the Swahili settlements, in particular in southern and central Mozambique, other Swahili continued to thrive in northern Mozambique and main- tained certain independence from the Portuguese up until the twentieth century. Islam there remained under the control of the ruling Shirazi clans with close political, economic, kinship and religious ties to the Swahili world.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography of African Anthropology, 1937-1949
    -v LI B HAHY OF THE UNIVERSITY - Of ILLINOIS FA v. 35 -3*7 M .05 IOGRAPHY OF AFRICAN ANTHROPOLOGY 1937-1949 Supplement to Source Book of African Anthropology 1937 WILFRID D. HAMBLY FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY VOLUME 37, NUMBER 2 Published by CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM MAY 9, 1952 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AFRICAN ANTHROPOLOGY 1937-1949 Supplement to Source Book of African Anthropology 1937 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AFRICAN ANTHROPOLOGY 1937-1949 Supplement to Source Book of African Anthropology 1937 WILFRID D. HAMBLY Curator, African Ethnology FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY VOLUME 37, NUMBER 2 Published by CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM MAY 9, 1952 THE VBVARY OF THE MAY 2 2 'C32 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM PRESS 512, Of FA v. 3f Preface The Source Book for African Anthropology (W. D. Hambly, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Anthr. Ser., vol. XXVI, 1937) has been out of print for several years. I felt, therefore, that teachers and stu- dents would welcome a selected bibliography for the period 1937-49 in order to bring the Source Book almost up to date. The present supplement to the Source Book is an attempt to select and classify titles of major interest and usefulness; but I fully realize that there is room for considerable difference of opinion on the scientific and didactic value of books and articles. Students are advised to supplement this selected bibliography by use of lists of books and periodical literature published in the journal Africa and in African Abstracts, both issued by the Inter- national African Institute, London.
    [Show full text]
  • Kaarsholm JEAS Paper Revised Final
    Roskilde University Islam, secularist government, and state-civil society interaction in Mozambique and South Africa since 1994 Kaarsholm, Preben Published in: Journal of Eastern African Studies DOI: 10.1080/17531055.2015.1082255 Publication date: 2015 Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (APA): Kaarsholm, P. (2015). Islam, secularist government, and state-civil society interaction in Mozambique and South Africa since 1994. Journal of Eastern African Studies, 9(3), 468-487. https://doi.org/10.1080/17531055.2015.1082255 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain. • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 05. Oct. 2021 Islam, secularist government, and state-civil society interaction in Mozambique and South Africa since 1994 Preben Kaarsholm∗ Department of Society and Globalisation, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark This article explores state-civil society interactions in Mozambique and South Africa with a focus on Islamic groupings, and places the two countries within an Indian Ocean coastal continuum of links to East Africa, India, and the Arab world.
    [Show full text]
  • UNESCO and a Culture of Peace
    UNESCO anda Culture of Peace: Promoting a Global Movement Also in the Cultures of Peace Series: Culture of Democracy: A Challenge for Schools Peace! An Anthology by the Nobel Peace Prize Laureates Tolerance UNESCO — An Ideal in Action: The Continuing Relevance of a Visionary Text UNESCO and a Culture of Peace Promoting a Global Movement Cultures of Peace Series UNESCO PUBLISHING The authors are responsible for the choice and the presentation of the facts contained in this book and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. All requests for further information should be addressed to: The Director, Culture of Peace Programme. Prepared by the Culture of Peace Programme of UNESCO and edited by David Adams. Parts of this text may be freely reproduced and translated provided that mention is made of the source. First published in 1995 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France Second edition 1997 Composed by Foliotine, Paris Printed by Imprimerie de la Manutention, Mayenne ISBN 92-3-103391-3 © UNESCO 1995, 1997 Printed in France Preface In the aftermath of the Second World War, intellectual and diploma- tic leaders from around the world founded UNESCO and gave the Organization the mandate of building the defences of peace in the minds of men and women.
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Mozambique at a Crossroads Scenarios for Violence in the Resource-Rich Cabo Delgado Province
    OCTOBER 2019 Northern Mozambique at a Crossroads Scenarios for Violence in the Resource-rich Cabo Delgado Province PROJECT DIRECTOR Judd Devermont AUTHOR Emilia Columbo A Report of the CSIS AFRICA PROGRAM OCTOBER 2019 Northern Mozambique at a Crossroads Scenarios for Violence in the Resource-rich Cabo Delgado Province PROJECT DIRECTOR Judd Devermont AUTHOR Emilia Columbo A Report of the CSIS Africa Program About CSIS Established in Washington, D.C., over 50 years ago, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) is a bipartisan, nonprofit policy research organization dedicated to providing strategic in sights and policy solutions to help decisionmakers chart a course toward a better world. In late 2015, Thomas J. Pritzker was named chairman of the CSIS Board of Trustees. Mr. Pritzker succeeded former U.S. senator Sam Nunn (D-GA), who chaired the CSIS Board of Trustees from 1999 to 2015. CSIS is led by John J. Hamre, who has served as president and chief executive officer since 2000. Founded in 1962 by David M. Abshire and Admiral Arleigh Burke, CSIS is one of the world’s preeminent international policy in stitutions focused on defense and security; regional study; and transnational challenges ranging from energy and trade to global development and economic integration. For eight consecutive years, CSIS has been named the world’s number one think tank for defense and national security by the University of Pennsylvania’s “Go To Think Tank Index.” The Center’s over 220 full-time staff and large network of affiliated scholars conduct research and analysis and develop policy initiatives that look to the future and anticipate change.
    [Show full text]
  • The Center for Research Libraries Scans to Provide Digital Delivery of Its Holdings. in the Center for Research Libraries Scans
    The Center for Research Libraries scans to provide digital delivery of its holdings. In The Center for Research Libraries scans to provide digital delivery of its holdings. In some cases problems with the quality of the original document or microfilm reproduction may result in a lower quality scan, but it will be legible. In some cases pages may be damaged or missing. Files include OCR (machine searchable text) when the quality of the scan and the language or format of the text allows. If preferred, you may request a loan by contacting Center for Research Libraries through your Interlibrary Loan Office. Rights and usage Materials digitized by the Center for Research Libraries are intended for the personal educational and research use of students, scholars, and other researchers of the CRL member community. Copyrighted images and texts are not to be reproduced, displayed, distributed, broadcast, or downloaded for other purposes without the expressed, written permission of the Center for Research Libraries. © Center for Research Libraries Scan Date: December 27, 2007 Identifier: m-n-000128 fl7, THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION NATIONAL ARCHIVES DIVISION Guide to The Microfilms of Regional and District Books 1973 PRINTED BY THE GOVERNMENT PRINTER, DAR ES SALAAMs,-TANZANA. Price: S&. 6152 MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION NATIONAL ARCHIVES DIVISION Guide to The Microfilms of Regional and District Books vn CONTENTS. Introduction ... .... ... ... ... History of Regional Administration .... ... District Books and their Subject Headings ... THE GUIDE: Arusha Region ... ... ... Coast Region ............... ... Dodoma Region .. ... ... ... Iringa Region ............... ... Kigoma ... ... ... ... ... Kilimanjaro Region .... .... .... ... Mara Region .... .... .... .... ... Mbeya Region ... ... ... ... Morogoro Region ... ... ... ... Mtwara Region ... ... Mwanza Region ..
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1 Vernacular Names
    Appendix 1 Vernacular Names The vernacular names listed below have been collected from the literature. Few have phonetic spellings. Spelling is not helped by the difficulties of transcribing unwritten languages into European syllables and Roman script. Some languages have several names for the same species. Further complications arise from the various dialects and corruptions within a language, and use of names borrowed from other languages. Where the people are bilingual the person recording the name may fail to check which language it comes from. For example, in northern Sahel where Arabic is the lingua franca, the recorded names, supposedly Arabic, include a number from local languages. Sometimes the same name may be used for several species. For example, kiri is the Susu name for both Adansonia digitata and Drypetes afzelii. There is nothing unusual about such complications. For example, Grigson (1955) cites 52 English synonyms for the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) in the British Isles, and also mentions several examples of the same vernacular name applying to different species. Even Theophrastus in c. 300 BC complained that there were three plants called strykhnos, which were edible, soporific or hallucinogenic (Hort 1916). Languages and history are linked and it is hoped that understanding how lan- guages spread will lead to the discovery of the historical origins of some of the vernacular names for the baobab. The classification followed here is that of Gordon (2005) updated and edited by Blench (2005, personal communication). Alternative family names are shown in square brackets, dialects in parenthesis. Superscript Arabic numbers refer to references to the vernacular names; Roman numbers refer to further information in Section 4.
    [Show full text]
  • TM May 18 2019 Issue
    THE JAMESTOWN FOUNDATION MAY 18, 2019 VOLUME XVII, ISSUE 10 p.1 p.3 p.5 p.7 Brian M. Perkins Farhan Zahid Brian Perkins Animesh Roul BRIEFS TTP’s Future Under Evaluating the Expan- Al-Qaeda and Islamic the Leadership of New sion of Global Jihadist State Reinvigorating Emir Noor Wali Movements in East Turkistan Jihad Mehsud Mozambique BURKINA FASO: RECENT ATTACKS saw the entry of a group of Islamic State West Africa POINT TO SPREAD OF TERRORISM IN Province fighters in March. Further, IS leader Abu Bakr BURKINA FASO AND THE REGION al-Baghdadi accepted pledges of allegiance from fight- ers in Burkina Faso on April 29 during his first video ap- Brian M. Perkins pearance in nearly five years (Jihadology, April 29). The arrival of new IS cells in Burkina Faso has also coincided On May 16, Burkina Faso’s Foreign Minister called for with an increase in attacks across the country, including the creation of a new counterterrorism coalition in the those targeting Westerners and local Christians. Sahel amid an escalation of terrorist activity throughout the region and the ongoing deterioration of security in The country has witnessed two significant attacks Burkina Faso. The Sahel G5 force—comprised of per- against Christians in recent weeks. The first attack oc- sonnel from Mali, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mauritania, and curred on May 12 when gunmen attacked a Church in Niger—is already present in the region, as are French Dablo in central Burkina Faso, killing at least six people, forces operating under Operation Barkhane. However, and the second took place a day later and targeted a despite the presence of these forces, the number of ter- Catholic parade in the Zimtenga area of Kongoussi, rorist attacks in Burkina Faso has steadily risen and ex- killing four people (Africa News, May 12).
    [Show full text]
  • Ambivalent Islam: the Identity Construction of Muslims Under Portuguese
    This is the first version of an article whose final and definitive form has been published in the journal Social Identities ©, January 2012 [copyright Taylor & Francis]; Social Identities is available online at: www.tandfonline.com with an open URL of my article in the following address: http://www.tandfonline.com/openurl?genre=article&issn=13504630&volume=18&issue=1&spage=39 Ambivalent Islam: The Identity Construction of Muslims under Portuguese Colonial Rule Mário Machaqueiro ∗ CRIA-Centre for Research in Anthropology, FCSH-New University of Lisbon, Portugal This article wishes to contribute to the study of the historical processes that have been spotting Muslim populations as favourite targets for political analysis and governance. Focusing on the Portuguese archives, civil as well as military, the article tries to uncover the most conspicuous identity representations (mainly negative or ambivalent) that members of Portuguese colonial apparatus built around Muslim communities living in African colonies, particularly in Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique. The paper shows how these culturally and politically constructed images were related to the more general strategies by which Portuguese imagined their own national identity, both as ‘European’ and as ‘coloniser’ or ‘imperial people’. The basic assumption of this article is that policies enforced in a context of inter-ethnic and religious competition are better understood when linked to the identity strategies inherent to them. These are conceived as strategic constructions aimed at the preservation, the protection and the imaginary expansion of the subject, who looks for groups to be included in and out-groups to reject, exclude, aggress or eliminate. We think that most of the inter-ethnic relationships and conflicts, as well as the very experience of ethnicity, are born from this identity matrix.
    [Show full text]
  • Building Communities? Paternalistic Bonds and Religious Spaces
    Building Communities? Paternalistic Bonds and Religious Spaces The comparative ethnography of entangled neighbourhoods has revealed that in the localised realm of neighbourhood boundary politics there are strong aspirations by urban elites to reinforce urban differences by defending old and imposing new forms of segregation. Although the visions upheld by municipalities tend towards mixed neighbourhoods, it is as yet unclear whether these will materialise. Elite neighbour- hoods hence tend to be emptied of encounters with ‘others’, and if they do take place it is within the hierarchical and socially invisibilised work relations between employ- ers and their domestic workers or security employees. What the chapters spoke little about is the venturing of the elite into the poor areas; mainly because it is quite rare. Only sometimes do employers visit their domestic workers in the township; they may go to express condolences to a distant relative in the bairro or they may make use of a cheap service offered by an informal business. In cities of entanglements, it is rather groups at the lower end of the social hierarchy that cross social boundaries into spaces dominated by those at the upper end of the social hierarchy, rather than the other way around. The same holds true in the following two chapters. Chapters 5 and 6 will focus on two sets of urban spaces which entail the promise of something new; a promise of more equal spaces, of symmetrical relations and of the emergence of sociality and community across boundaries. On the one hand, this is the urban realm of religion, where, as the scriptures say, everyone should be the same in front of God, and it is the spaces of the shopping malls, where, apparently, it does not matter where you come from, as long as you know how to ‘mall’.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Cold, Turbulent Waters Off the Coast of South Africa, Researchers Find the Wreckage of a Slave Ship and Pieces of a 220-Y
    In the cold, turbulent waters off the coast of South Africa, researchers find the wreckage of a slave ship and pieces of a 220-year-old story. “The slave trade is one of the most important stories in modern history ...” By Lauren Ingeno hackled and packed beneath the ballast used to balance the ship (since the deck of a Portuguese slave ship, weight of human cargo could fluctuate) and more than 400 Mozambican men a wooden pulley block. Both will be loaned and women left their homeland to the Smithsonian’s National Museum of on Dec. 3, 1794. They were bound African American History and Culture for an for Brazil, as fuel for the nation’s exhibition set to open next year. growing sugar economy, and a The findings will bring the public face test case for a new supply line in the trans- to face with a chilling past that bridged Atlantic slave trade: East Africa. continents and still divides communities. Two days after Christmas, winds rocked They will also help tell the slave-trade the vessel—the São José-Paquete de Africa— narrative from another perspective, says as it rounded the Cape of Good Hope. The marine archaeologist Stephen Lubkemann, ship struck submerged rocks and wrecked a GW anthropology and international affairs between two reefs about 110 yards from the professor, who co-leads the research team coast of South Africa. The captain and crew that uncovered the items. made it to shore, as well as some 200 slaves, “It is, in the most literal sense, as close who were saved only from immediate peril; as we will ever get to the experience of they would be resold in the Western Cape.
    [Show full text]