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Behavioral Health and Performance Element, Human Research Program, Space Medicine Division, NASA Johnson Space Center; Houston, , Texas

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Behavioral Health and Performance Element, Human Research Program, Space Medicine Division, NASA Johnson Space Center; Houston, , Texas https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20150016966 2019-08-31T06:15:41+00:00Z Evidence Report: Risk of Adverse Cognitive or Behavioral Conditions and Psychiatric Disorders Human Research Program Behavioral Health and Performance Approved for Public Release: Month DD, YYYY National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas CURRENT CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS: 1 Kelley J. Slack Wyle/LZ Technology Jason S. Schneiderman Wyle Lauren B. Leveton NASA Johnson Space Center Alexandra M. Whitmire Wyle James J. Picano Wyle PREVIOUS CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS: Camille Shea Houston Police Department Lacey L. Schmidt Minerva Work Solutions 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. PRD RISK TITLE: RISK OF ADVERSE COGNITIVE OR BEHAVIORAL CONDITIONS AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS ............................................................................................. 6 II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................... 9 III. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 11 IV. EVIDENCE........................................................................................................................... 14 A. Space Flight Evidence .................................................................................................... 15 1. Sources of evidence .................................................................................................... 15 2. Occurrences of behavioral signs and symptoms ......................................................... 16 a. Occurrences of behavioral signs and symptoms in general ................................... 16 b. Psychosocial adaptation ..........................................................................................17 c. Behavioral and psychiatric emergencies ................................................................ 19 d. Mood and mood disorders ...................................................................................... 22 e. Neurasthenia ........................................................................................................... 26 f. Psychosomatic reactions ......................................................................................... 27 g. Salutogenesis .......................................................................................................... 27 h. Cognitive Functioning ............................................................................................ 29 i. Post-expedition cognitive and behavioral health .................................................... 30 3. Predictors and contributing factors ............................................................................. 31 a. Personality .............................................................................................................. 31 b. Resiliency and hardiness ........................................................................................ 33 c. Emotional Reactions ............................................................................................... 34 d. Sleep and the Circadian Rhythm ............................................................................ 35 e. Habitability and environmental design ................................................................... 36 f. Job design—Autonomy and meaningful work ....................................................... 37 g. Monotony and boredom ......................................................................................... 38 h. Daily hassles and major life events ........................................................................ 39 i. Cultural factors ....................................................................................................... 40 j. Ground support / Mission support .......................................................................... 40 k. Family and Social Support ..................................................................................... 41 l. World Events .......................................................................................................... 42 4. Prevention and monitoring countermeasures ............................................................. 42 a. Selection ................................................................................................................. 43 b. Pre-flight ................................................................................................................. 44 3 c. In flight ................................................................................................................... 48 d. Post-flight ............................................................................................................... 52 5. Monitoring and treatment countermeasures ............................................................... 53 a. Pre-flight ................................................................................................................. 53 b. In flight ................................................................................................................... 53 c. Post-flight ............................................................................................................... 54 6. Evolution of countermeasures.......................................................................................... 55 B. Ground-based Evidence ................................................................................................. 55 1. Sources of evidence .................................................................................................... 55 2. Occurrences of behavioral signs and symptoms ......................................................... 56 a. Behavioral and psychiatric emergencies ................................................................ 56 b. Mood and mood disorders ...................................................................................... 57 c. Winter-over syndrome ............................................................................................ 59 d. Salutogenesis .......................................................................................................... 60 e. Cognitive functioning ............................................................................................. 60 f. Analog Mission Duration of 2 or More Years ....................................................... 61 g. Post-expedition cognitive and behavioral health .................................................... 61 2. Predictors and contributing factors to behavioral health ............................................ 62 a. Personality .............................................................................................................. 62 b. Personality as a predictor of adjustment ................................................................. 63 c. Monotony, boredom, and meaningful work ........................................................... 63 3. Prevention and treatment countermeasures` ............................................................... 63 a. Selection ................................................................................................................. 63 b. Prevention ............................................................................................................... 64 c. Treatment ................................................................................................................ 67 C. Summary ........................................................................................................................ 68 V. COMPUTER-BASED MODELING AND SIMULATION ................................................ 70 VI. Risk in Context of Exploration Mission Operational Scenarios ........................................... 71 A. Constraints for exploration missions .............................................................................. 71 B. Additional stressors for exploration missions ................................................................ 71 C. Likelihood of a behavioral emergency or psychiatric condition .................................... 72 VII. Gaps ...................................................................................................................................... 75 VIII. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 76 IX. References ............................................................................................................................. 78 X. Team ................................................................................................................................... 102 4 A. Current Contributing Authors ...................................................................................... 102 B. Previous Contributing Authors..................................................................................... 102 C. Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................... 102 XI. List of Acronyms ................................................................................................................ 105 5 I. PRD RISK TITLE: RISK OF ADVERSE COGNITIVE OR BEHAVIORAL CONDITIONS AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS A. Risk statement Taken verbatim from the Human Research Program Roadmap, the risk statement for Adverse Cognitive or Behavioral
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