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Appendix Program Managers/Acknowledgments Flight Information Appendix Program Managers/Acknowledgments Selected Readings Acronyms Contributors’ Biographies Index Image of a Legac y—The Final Re-entry Appendix 517 Flight Information Approx. Orbiter Enterprise STS Flight No. Orbiter Crew Launch Mission Approach and Landing Test Flights and Crew Patch Name Members Date Days 1 Columbia John Young (Cdr) 4/12/1981 2 Robert Crippen (Plt) Captive-Active Flights— High-speed taxi tests that proved the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft, mated to Enterprise, could steer and brake with the Orbiter perched 2 Columbia Joe Engle (Cdr) 11/12/1981 2 on top of the airframe. These fights featured two-man crews. Richard Truly (Plt) Captive-Active Crew Test Mission Flight No. Members Date Length 1 Fred Haise (Cdr) 6/18/1977 55 min 46 s Gordon Fullerton (Plt) 2 Joseph Engle (Cdr) 6/28/1977 62 min 0 s 3 Columbia Jack Lousma (Cdr) 3/22/1982 8 Richard Truly (Plt) Gordon Fullerton (Plt) 3 Fred Haise (Cdr) 7/26/1977 59 min 53 s Gordon Fullerton (Plt) Free Flights— Flights during which Enterprise separated from the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft and landed at the hands of a two-man crew. 4 Columbia Thomas Mattingly (Cdr) 6/27/1982 7 Free Flight No. Crew Test Mission Henry Hartsfield (Plt) Members Date Length 1 Fred Haise (Cdr) 8/12/1977 5 min 21 s Gordon Fullerton (Plt) 5 Columbia Vance Brand (Cdr) 11/11/1982 5 2 Joseph Engle (Cdr) 9/13/1977 5 min 28 s Robert Overmyer (Plt) Richard Truly (Plt) William Lenoir (MS) 3 Fred Haise (Cdr) 9/23/1977 5 min 34 s Joseph Allen (MS) Gordon Fullerton (Plt) 4 Joseph Engle (Cdr) 10/12/1977 2 min 34 s Richard Truly (Plt) 5 Fred Haise (Cdr) 10/26/1977 2 min 1 s 6 Challenger Paul Weitz (Cdr) 4/4/1983 5 Gordon Fullerton (Plt) Karol Bobko (Plt) Story Musgrave (MS) Donald Peterson (MS) The Space Shuttle Numbering System The first nine Space Shuttle flights were numbered in sequence from STS -1 to STS-9. Following STS-9, NASA changed the flight numbering system. 7 Challenger Robert Crippen (Cdr) 6/18/1983 6 The next flight became STS-41B instead of being designated STS -1 0. This Frederick Hauck (Plt) new numbering system was designed to be more specific. The first numeral John Fabian (MS) stood for the fiscal year in which the launch was to take place (i.e., “4” stood Sally Ride (MS) for “198 4” in the STS- 41B example). The second numeral represented the Norman Thagard (MS) launch site —“1” for Kennedy Space Center, Florida, and “2 ” for Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. The letter represented the order of launch assignments. Following STS- 51L, NASA reestablished the original numerical numbering system, therefore the next flight was designated STS-26 as it 8 Challenger Richard Truly (Cdr) 8/30/1983 6 represented the 26th Space Shuttle mission. Daniel Brandenstein (Plt) Guion Bluford, Jr. (MS) Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Definitions Dale Gardner (MS) William Thornton (MS) Cdr— Commander Plt— Pilot MS— Mission Specialist (a career astronaut) 9 PS— Payload Specialist (an individual selected and trained for Columbia John Young (Cdr) 11/28/1983 10 a specific mission) Brewster Shaw (Plt) Owen Garriott (MS) UP— Crew member was taken up on the shuttle Robert Parker (MS) DN— Crew member was brought down on the shuttle Byron Lichtenberg (PS) Ulf Merbold (PS) 518 Appendix Flight Information Approx. Approx. STS Flight No. Orbiter Crew Launch Mission STS Flight No. Orbiter Crew Launch Mission and Crew Patch Name Members Date Days and Crew Patch Name Members Date Days 41B Challenger Vance Brand (Cdr) 2/3/1984 8 51G Discovery Daniel Brandenstein (Cdr) 6/17/1985 7 Robert Gibson (Plt) John Creighton (Plt) Bruce McCandless (MS) John Fabian (MS) Ronald McNair (MS) Steven Nagel (MS) Robert Stewart (MS) Shannon Lucid (MS) Patrick Baudry (PS) France Sultan Al-Saud (PS) Saudi Arabia 41C Challenger Robert Crippen (Cdr) 4/6/1984 7 Francis Scobee (Plt) 51F Challenger Gordon Fullerton (Cdr) 7/29/1985 8 Terry Hart (MS) Roy Bridges (Plt) James van Hoften (MS) Karl Henize (MS) George Nelson (MS) Anthony England (MS) Story Musgrave (MS) Loren Acton (PS) John-David Bartoe (PS) 41D Discovery Henry Hartsfield (Cdr) 8/30/1984 6 Michael Coats (Plt) Judith Resnik (MS) 51I Discovery Joe Engle (Cdr) 8/27/1985 7 Steven Hawley (MS) Richard Covey (Plt) Richard Mullane (MS) James van Hoften (MS) Charles Walker (PS) John Lounge (MS) William Fisher (MS) 41G Challenger Robert Crippen (Cdr) 10/5/1984 8 Jon McBride (Plt) Kathryn Sullivan (MS) 51J Atlantis Karol Bobko (Cdr) 10/3/1985 4 Sally Ride (MS) Ronald Grabe (Plt) David Leestma (MS) Robert Stewart (MS) Paul Scully-Power (PS) David Hilmers (MS) Marc Garneau (PS) Canada William Pailes (PS) 51A Discovery Frederick Hauck, (Cdr) 11/8/1984 8 David Walker (Plt) 61A Challenger Henry Hartsfield (Cdr) 10/30/1985 7 Joseph Allen (MS) Steven Nagel (Plt) Anna Fisher (MS) Bonnie Dunbar (MS) Dale Gardner (MS) James Buchli (MS) Guion Bluford (MS) Ernst Messerschmid (PS) Germany 51C Discovery Thomas Mattingly (Cdr) 1/24/1985 3 Reinhard Furrer (PS) Germany Loren Shriver (Plt) Wubbo Ockels (PS) Netherlands Ellison Onizuka (MS) James Buchli (MS) 61B Atlantis Brewster Shaw (Cdr) 11/26/1985 7 Gary Payton (PS) Bryan O’Connor (Plt) Sherwood Spring (MS) Mary Cleave (MS) Jerry Ross (MS) 51D Discovery Karol Bobko (Cdr) 4/12/1985 7 Rodolfo Neri Vela (PS) Donald Williams (Plt) Charles Walker (PS) Rhea Seddon (MS) David Griggs (MS) 61C Columbia Robert Gibson (Cdr) 1/12/1986 6 Jeffrey Hoffman (MS) Charles Bolden (Plt) Jake Garn (PS) George Nelson (MS) Charles Walker (PS) Steven Hawley (MS) Franklin Chang-Diaz (MS) 51B Challenger Robert Overmyer (Cdr) 4/29/1985 7 Robert Cenker (PS) Frederick Gregory (Plt) C.William Nelson (PS) Don Lind (MS) Norman Thagard (MS) 51L Challenger Francis Scobee (Cdr) 1/28/1986 0 William Thornton (MS) Michael Smith (Plt) Lodewijk van den Berg (PS) Germany Judith Resnik (MS) Taylor Wang (PS) Ellison Onizuka (MS) Ronald McNair (MS) Gregory Jarvis (PS) Christa McAuliffe (PS) Appendix 519 Flight Information Approx. Approx. STS Flight No. Orbiter Crew Launch Mission STS Flight No. Orbiter Crew Launch Mission and Crew Patch Name Members Date Days and Crew Patch Name Members Date Days 26 Discovery Frederick Hauck (Cdr) 9/29/1988 4 36 Atlantis John Creighton, (Cdr) 2/28/1990 4 Richard Covey (Plt) John Casper (Plt) John Lounge (MS) David Hilmers (MS) George Nelson (MS) Richard Mullane (MS) David Hilmers (MS) Pierre Thuot (MS) 31 Discovery Loren Shriver (Cdr) 4/24/1990 5 27 Atlantis Robert Gibson (Cdr) 12/2/1988 4 Charles Bolden (Plt) Guy Gardner (Plt) Bruce McCandless (MS) Richard Mullane (MS) Steven Hawley (MS) Jerry Ross (MS) Kathryn Sullivan (MS) William Shepherd (MS) 41 Discovery Richard Richards (Cdr) 10/6/1990 4 Robert Cabana (Plt) 29 Discovery Michael Coats (Cdr) 3/13/1989 5 Bruce Melnick (MS) John Blaha (Plt) William Shepherd (MS) James Buchli (MS) Thomas Akers (MS) Robert Springer (MS) James Bagian (MS) 38 Atlantis Richard Covey (Cdr) 11/15/1990 5 Frank Culbertson (Plt) 30 Atlantis David Walker (Cdr) 5/4/1989 4 Carle Meade (MS) Ronald Grabe (Plt) Robert Springer (MS) Norman Thagard (MS) Charles Gemar (MS) Mary Cleave (MS) Mark Lee (MS) 35 Columbia Vance Brand (Cdr) 12/2/1990 9 Guy Gardner (Plt) Jeffrey Hoffman (MS) 28 Columbia Brewster Shaw (Cdr) 8/8/1989 5 John Lounge (MS) Richard Richards (Plt) Robert Parker (MS) James Adamson (MS) Samuel Durrance (PS) David Leestma (MS) Ronald Parise (PS) Mark Brown (MS) 37 Atlantis Steven Nagel (Cdr) 4/5/1991 6 Kenneth Cameron (Plt) Linda Godwin (MS) 34 Atlantis Donald Williams (Cdr) 10/18/1989 5 Jerry Ross (MS) Michael McCulley (Plt) Jay Apt (MS) Shannon Lucid (MS) Franklin Chang-Diaz (MS) Ellen Baker (MS) 39 Discovery Michael Coats (Cdr) 4/28/1991 8 Blaine Hammond (Plt) Gregory Harbaugh (MS) 33 Discovery Frederick Gregory (Cdr) 11/22/1989 5 Donald McMonagle (MS) John Blaha (Plt) Guion Bluford (MS) Manley Carter (MS) Charles Veach (MS) Story Musgrave (MS) Richard Hieb (MS) Kathryn Thornton (MS) 40 Columbia Bryan O’Connor (Cdr) 6/5/1991 9 Sidney Gutierrez (Plt) James Bagian (MS) 32 Columbia Daniel Brandenstein (Cdr) 1/9/1990 11 Tamara Jernigan (MS) James Wetherbee (Plt) Rhea Seddon (MS) Bonnie Dunbar (MS) Drew Gaffney (PS) Marsha Ivins (MS) Millie Hughes-Fulford (PS) David Low (MS) 43 Atlantis John Blaha (Cdr) 8/2/1991 9 Michael Baker (Plt) Shannon Lucid (MS) David Low (MS) James Adamson (MS) 520 Appendix Flight Information Approx. Approx. STS Flight No. Orbiter Crew Launch Mission STS Flight No. Orbiter Crew Launch Mission and Crew Patch Name Members Date Days and Crew Patch Name Members Date Days 48 Discovery John Creighton (Cdr) 9/12/1991 5 52 Columbia James Wetherbee (Cdr) 10/22/1992 10 Kenneth Reightler (Plt) Michael Baker (Plt) Charles Gemar (MS) Charles Veach (MS) James Buchli (MS) William Shepherd (MS) Mark Brown (MS) Tamara Jernigan (MS) Steven MacLean (PS) 44 Atlantis Frederick Gregory (Cdr) 11/24/1991 7 Terence Henricks (Plt) 53 Discovery David Walker (Cdr) 12/2/1992 7 James Voss (MS) Robert Cabana (Plt) Story Musgrave (MS) Guion Bluford (MS) Mario Runco (MS) Michael Clifford (MS) Thomas Hennen (PS) James Voss (MS) 42 Discovery Ronald Grabe (Cdr) 1/22/1992 8 Stephen Oswald (Plt) 54 Endeavour John Casper (Cdr) 1/13/1993 6 Norman Thagard (MS) Donald McMonagle (Plt) William Readdy (MS) Mario Runco (MS) David Hilmers (MS) Gregory Harbaugh (MS) Roberta Bondar (PS) Canada Susan Helms (MS) Ulf Merbold (PS) Germany 45 Atlantis Charles Bolden (Cdr) 3/24/1992 9 Brian Duffy (Plt) 56 Discovery Kenneth Cameron (Cdr) 4/8/1993 9 Kathryn Sullivan (MS) Stephen Oswald (Plt) David Leestma (MS) Michael Foale (MS) Michael Foale (MS) Kenneth
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