A Conspiração De Gomes Freire

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A Conspiração De Gomes Freire _Raul Brandão 1817 A CONSPIRAÇÃO DE GOMES FREIRE 3." EDIÇÃO EDITORES RENASCENÇA PORTUGUESA — PORTO ANfyUARlO DO BRASIL-RIO DE JANEIRO (Aimanak Laemmert) aáJ /; Biblioteca Histórica DA RENASCENÇA PORTUGUESA O Cerco do Porto, contado por uma testemunha, o Coronel Owen. Prefácio e notas de Raul Brandão, 2.a ed. com novos do¬ cumentos . A Praça Nova — Alberto Pimen- tel (2.a edição). 1817 — Gomes Freire (3.a edi¬ ção) — Raul Brandão. D. Pedro — Coelho de Carva¬ lho. Duas Grandes Intrigas — Alfre¬ do Varela, 2 volumes. Memórias, l.° volume (2.a edi¬ ção) — Raul Brandão. Memórias da Grande Guerra — Jaime Cortesão. El-Rei Junot (2.a ed.) Raul Bran¬ dão. História de um Fogo Morto (2.a edição) — José Caídas. Episodios Dramáticos da Inquisi¬ ção Portuguesa, l.° vol. — An¬ tónio Baião. 1817 A CONSPIRAÇÃO DE GOMES FREIRE Reservados todos os direitos de reproducção nos paizes que adhcriram á Convenção de Berne; Brasil: Lei n.° 2577 de 17 de Janeiro de 1912; Portugal: Decreto de 18 de Março de 1911. Ç ?•?£!. 8 BIBLIOTECA HISTÓRICA III RAUL BRANDÃO 1817 A CONSPIRAÇÃO DE GOMES FREIRE Quem matou Gomes Freire — Beres- ford, D. Miguei. Forjaz, o principal Souza — Mathilde de Faria e Mello 3.* edição RENASCENÇA PORTUGUESA — PORTO annúario lo brasil - rio de janeiro OFERTa 3130-73 ’ yj 6 fOcB Á MEMÓRIA DE MAXIMILIANO D’AZEVEDO •• I CAMPANHAS í j-OMES FREIRE1 bate-se em 1784. aos vinte e tantos annos, contra os piratas d’Argel, bate-se logo depois contra os turcos, bate-se no Itoussillon em 93 e 94, e bate-se pela Europa, nos exercitos de Napoleão,. a quem chama homem com H grande. Em 1784 Carlos IV manda bombardear Argel para castigar os piratas. Lá vae Gomes Freire, como guarda-marinha, n’um dos na¬ vios com que entramos na contenda. As lan¬ chas dos contrários despejam metralha Sobre as nessas; numa das que lhe sáem ao en¬ contro é Gomes Freire quem commanda a pei¬ to descoberto. Por oito vezes se repete o ata- 1 Gomes Freire, que nasceu em Vienna d’Áus¬ tria em 28 de janeiro de 1757 foi educado para soldado por seu pae, Ambrosio Freire d’Andrade. Falava varias línguas, desenhava e pintava. Quando o pae morreu, em 1774, ficou com sua irmã, The- reza, e sua mãe, vivendo em' Vienna, d'onde os cre¬ dores os não deixaram sahir. A casa estava cri¬ vada de dividas e hypothecas e os rendimentos cer¬ ceados: 1:200$000. Valeu-lhes a amizade do duque de Lafões. Veio para Portugal, sentando praça. A rainha D. Maria fez-lhe mercê da commenda de Men- do Marques, para pagar as dividas de seu pae. 1Ô 1817 — A Conspiração de Gomes Freire que, oito vezes elle se expõe á morte, magni¬ fico de audacia e cólera. Levantam ferro quan¬ do por entre os rolos de fumo, que o vento do levante dispersa, se descobrem os pannos das muralhas de Babesan e Batel derrubados. Regressa á patria e deixa a marinha pelo exercito. Em 1788 é sargento mór no regi¬ mento de Peniche. Mas a inacção pesa-lhe, e eil-o quasi logo envolvido n’um quadro bar- baro e confuso, nos confins da Europa, sob as ordens de Potenkin, o favorito da grande Ca- tharina. Voltaire philosopha, Catharina aplaude-o, e, em nome da liberdade, apodera-se da Cri- mêa... Isto fica hoje muito remoto e confuso para que nos interesse. São trinta mil, são cin- çoenta mil os mortos — não se ouve rumor. Essa hécatombe longínqua, baseada no Sysiema da Natureza e no Diccionario Philosophico, já não nos toca. A intriga, a violência, o dinheiro, todos os meios servem a Catharina da ltussia para substituir um khan dos tartaros, que lhe era adverso, por outro mais servil: Sahin Geras. O povo recusa porém a liberdade e chacina a escolta russa. É um pretexto para a invasão, e á invasão segue-se a degola e a desaparição mysteriosa no fundo dos palacios, de príncipes e soldados, a quem a morte, como o nivel d'um gTande lago, cobriu com a mesma indiferente egualdade. Mais trinta mil tartaros são dego¬ lados por ordem do amante de Catharina, sus¬ peitos de conspirarem a favor da liberdade pa¬ tria. As tropas russas devastam a Tartaria e a czarina declara esses povos ingratos e re¬ solve anexar á Rússia a província da Crimêa. I — Campanhas í' como veem uma mixordia barbara, onde remexe uma mulher sem escrúpulos1. Hoje tan¬ to faz mais trinta mil como menos trinta mil tartaros. O caso passado na Crimêa há mais dum século ó como se se tivesse passado em Marte a semana passada. Dos cincoenta mil mortos nem os ossos restam... Catharina não.se detem: depois da Crimêa invade o império otomano e as suas esquadras ocupam Cronstadt e os seus exercitos avan¬ çam e só param sob os muros de Oczakof 'diante de 310 boceas de fogo, que dia e noite vomi¬ tam metralha sobre os sitiantes. O frio é hor¬ rível, e a soldadesca que não cae a tiro gela nas barraeas de campanha. Lá está Gomes líreire, que obtivera licença a 17 de maio para ir combater no exercito russo. Dentro da pra¬ ça há oiro, prata, alfaias, e é a própria cana¬ lha, que morre de frio, que reclama o assalto e o saque. Debalde Hadgi-Ismael, governador da praça, despeja sobre elles os 310 formidᬠveis canhões. Ás sete horas da manhã do dia 17 de dezembro, abobada de fogo por cimg, chão de gelo resvaladiço para calcar, avan¬ çam 15:000 homens para a violência e para a morte. Rompem a machado as portas, ati¬ ram-se ás brechas e, á frente da soldadesca que dá o assalto supremo, lá vae Gomes Freire, que é um dos primeiros a entrar na praça. Tinham morrido durante o cerco vinte mil russos, são assassinados lá dentro vinte e cinco mil homens, mulheres e creanças... Essa guerra distante, que não cabe nos 1 «Romance duma imperatriz, Juventude de Ca¬ tharina, Memórias», etc. 1817—A Conspiração de Gonies Freire limites d’este livro, dura cinco annos. Vão ao matadouro milhares e milhares d’homens, a peste e a fome assolam Constantinopla; o povo esfaimado exige á paz e Selim III arranca aos seus súbditos o oiro — em seguida a pelle. Por fim a Turquia cede deante da imposição de Londres e Berlim, cede perante a mortan¬ dade, a fome e o incêndio que devorára em quatro mezes trinta e duas mxi casas, e soore- tudo perante a conspiração contra o sultão, que só a custo escapa do punhal dos sicários, cercado na mesquita de Achmet. Gomes Frei¬ re pôde emfim, já promovido a tenente-coro¬ nel da 1.® plana da corte, em 8 de outubro de 1790, e a coronel do regimento das Minas no anno imrnediato, regressar á patria em setem¬ bro de 1793, glorioso e condecorado com o habite de S. Jorge. Catharina dera-lhe uma espada d’honra e o posto de coronel do exer¬ cito moscovita. Ia entrar noutra campanha qua- si immediata. O exercito auxiliar portuguez, sob o com- mando de João Forbes de bkellater, sáe de Lisboa na tarde ae 20 de setembro de 1793, em quatorze navios de transporte, comboiados pelas naus Meduza, Bom Successo e S. Sebas¬ tião e pela fragata Venus1, para a inútil cam- 1 «Neste exercito — «Gazeta de Lisboa», n.° 40, de 1 d’outubro —- vão como voluntários o mar- quez de Niza, João Gomes da Silva Telles, o duque de Northumberiand, e o príncipe de Mont-Morency; o conde de Chelons se offereceu egualmente, mas ficou detido por moléstia, e intenta ir por terra; o mesmo se propõe fazer Gomes Freire d’Andrade, o qual depois de se ter distinguido gloriosamente no serviço da Rússia e da Prussia, voltou aqui nas vesperas da partida do sobredito exercito, a que deve I — Campanhas 13 panha do Roussillon, como auxiliar de Car¬ los IV, que declarara guerra á republica. A acção passa-se nos Pvrinéus. Região de montanhas, guerra para sempre: cada re¬ corte de cerro é um reducto — os homens nascem soldados. Os francezes improvisam-n’os, mas a republica só tinha definitivamente de vencer quando a Convenção, mola de ferro, impelisse o seu exercito para a frente e lhe désse generaes capazes. Por então sustem neu¬ tras fronteiras a Europa coligada. Máus ge- neracs, falta de tropas. Sobre isto inverno, sobre isto a extensão das linhas. Por seu lado o hespanhol não se decide: ataca e recua. Eter- nisa-se a guerra: paga-o o camponio, que vê a terra devastada e o casebre sem tecto. Depois d’alguns mezes de campanha e de obstinação (1793), os resultados são nullos. Debalde uns pedem reforços á Convençãp ê os outros a Godoy... É esta a situação para os hespanhoes: uma linha de muitas léguas a de¬ fender, e um rio, o Tech, á rectaguarda, quan¬ do lá chegam as nossas tropas. A viagem fôra tormentosa. «Pareciam desenterrados». Inver¬ no — o inverno dos Pyrineus — e chuva a potes. A Catalunha afigura-se um inferno ao soldado afeito ao doirado inverno portuguez. Não se sentem melhor os francezes. «A che¬ gada dos demonios portuguezes — dizem elles — impede-os de invernarem na Catalunha». Cahem-lhes em cima, atacando as forças au¬ xiliares que defendem Ceret. O destacamento do regimento de Gomes unir-se para por-se á testa do regimento de que e coronel». 14 1817—A Conspiração dc Gomes Freire Freire, que guarnece o reducto, debanda a primeira investida e sucumbe, quando Anto- nio de Souza Falcão acutila e detem os fugi¬ tivos e o proprio Gomes Freire acode á frente d’um reforço.
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