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Wreck Rap Malta wreck rap Divers on the wreck of the Polynesian in Malta Text by Fatin Iesa Photos courtesy of Dave Gration, University of Malta, Heritage Malta Ranging from calm shore dives for beginner divers to techni- cal diving on elusive, unmarked wreck sites, which can only be found via depth sounder—diving in Malta has it all. Just beyond Malta’s dramatic underwater landscapes of strange rock for- mations, chimneys and caves, visitors can discover Malta’s intriguing and piquant past. To Malta's aid visiting divers, a newly creat- ed Underwater Cultural Heritage Unit (UCHU) has been formed within the Heritage Malta agen- Deep-Water Wrecks cy under the country’s cultural & Newly Created Underwater Heritage Unit ministry to manage the deep historical wreck sites of Malta. The UCHU provides informa- Currently rated as the world’s tenth small- Mediterranean Sea, 93km south of Italy torically had great strategic importance ters for the British Mediterranean Fleet tion regarding the history of the est and fifth most densely populated and 288km north of Africa, surrounded by as a naval base in the power struggles where many ships and warplanes for the wrecks, how to appreciate them country, Malta is the biggest of the three warm clear waters and year-round tem- between Europe, Africa and the Middle Allied powers were stationed. islands of the Maltese Archipelago, which perate climate. East. In the 19th century, Malta was colo- Touched by the sands of time, many and what the proper etiquette is also includes Gozo and Comino islands. Due to its central location in the nised by the British. During the Second foreign influences have left their mark on when visiting these war graves. This archipelago sits in the middle of the Mediterranean, this small island has his- World War, Malta became the headquar- Malta’s ancient culture. As the Maltese 7 X-RAY MAG : 94 : 2019 EDITORIAL FEATURES TRAVEL NEWS WRECKS EQUIPMENT BOOKS SCIENCE & ECOLOGY TECH EDUCATION PROFILES PHOTO & VIDEO PORTFOLIO wreck rap Diver on wreck of WWII Royal Navy submarine HMS Olympus was formed under the national agency Heritage Malta, which is responsible for managing Malta’s cul- tural heritage collections, sites and museums. The UCHU entrusts 12 Maltese dive operators to book and conduct dive tours to the 12 historic dive sites through an online booking system. Regular spot checks of the shipwrecks are done by the UCHU to ensure the protection of the cultural sites. The book- ing system ensures that dive operators are aware of the basic respect and treatment due to wreck sites government conducts long-term, system- atic, underwater archaeological research off the coasts of the Maltese Islands, it has managed to map out a series of underwa- ter cultural heritage sites. The chronological timeline of the discovered wrecks ranges from a 2,700-year-old Phoenician shipwreck to battleship and aircraft wreck sites from the Second World War. With the great diversity of nations and cultures represented on the seabed off the Maltese Islands, comes great responsibility. In order to balance the accessibility of informa- tion about the wreck sites with the preserva- tion and sanctity of the war graves, the UCHU RUSSELL, J E / IWM / WIKIMEDIA COMMONS / PUBLIC DOMAIN Historical photo from 1941 of HMS Olympus resupplying in Malta 8 X-RAY MAG : 94 : 2019 EDITORIAL FEATURES TRAVEL NEWS WRECKS EQUIPMENT BOOKS SCIENCE & ECOLOGY TECH EDUCATION PROFILES PHOTO & VIDEO PORTFOLIO wreck rap THIS PAGE: Scenes from the wreck of ORP Kujawiak (L72) HMS Navigating through 50,000 naval mines Olympus, deployed by Axis forces in Maltese sitting waters, she was struck by one shortly DOWN HERE, upright after leaving port. on the Her hatches lay open, indicating the MISTAKES CAN seabed, crew’s escape, as Olympus slowly sank 115m to her watery grave. Disoriented by the BE COSTLY. below darkness and misjudging the distance sea to the coast, just nine of the 98 men abundant, colourful level. While her gun is still intact, aimed survived the seven-mile swim to shore. THE COST OF A DIVE ACCIDENT fishes and other reef life. upwards, the vessel’s posture echoes In honour of the fallen men, a memo- CAN EASILY SURPASS $50,000. Aside from immersing its failure to fire a shell, which otherwise rial plaque has been placed at the + Dive Accident Insurance Protects You oneself in the history of could have saved the crew. base of the wreck. Against Unforeseen Events the wrecks while breath- Protecting shipping convoys through ing compressed air and the Mediterranean Sea, HMS Olympus ORP Kujawiak (L72) + Covers the Medical Costs of Dive various gas mixtures, was a WWII Royal Navy submarine The destroyer Kujawiak was given to Accidents Up to $500,000 divers can enjoy the designed for + Picks Up Where Your Primary combination of sheer long-distance Coverage Stops walls, caves, wrecks, patrolling. On Recognized Worldwide plateaus, and the sandy 8 May 1942, + and rocky seafloor of Olympus was + Affordable Annual Plans underwater Malta. Like charged with Malta’s vibrant nightlife, transporting the the dive sites are beauti- surviving crew ful at night too, when the members of corals glow in wonderful stricken subma- Explore with DAN as well as informs them of new informa- orange to stunning pink hues. rines back to @diversalertnetwork tion pertaining to underwater cultural While there are wreck dives in Malta England, who heritage sites. Heritage Malta will strive for all levels of recreational divers, here were return- DAN.org/INSURANCE to open three to five new sites in the is a look at a few of the deep-water ing to crew next two years. wreck sites for technical divers. replacement *Explore DAN.org/INSURANCE for complete plan and coverage Wreckage that resulted from hor- submarines built details. Coverage may vary by state. rendous acts of war are now teem- HMS Olympus in the United ing with life, from beautiful corals to Seven miles off the port of Valletta, lies Kingdom. Diver on WWII wreck of ORP Kujawiak (L72) 9 X-RAY MAG : 94 : 2019 EDITORIAL FEATURES TRAVEL NEWS WRECKS EQUIPMENT BOOKS SCIENCE & ECOLOGY TECH EDUCATION PROFILES PHOTO & VIDEO PORTFOLIO wreck rap Malta Scenes from the wreck (above and right) of the WWI Royal Navy battleship HMS Russell (left) planes. British Royal Navy. With a speed of After suc- 19 knots, she was one of the fast- cessfully est warships of her time. shooting In April 1916, Russell was on down her way to return to Malta for a four Axis fortnight to recuperate and get WIKIMEDIA COMMONS / PUBLIC DOMAIN WIKIMEDIA COMMONS / PUBLIC planes, some minor repairs done, giving Kujawiak her crew some time on land. The attempted Grand Harbour was closed due a danger- to boom defence, in which small ous rescue auxiliary ships laid and maintained mission steel anti-torpedo nets around while the harbour. While manoeuvring the Polish Navy by the British Royal entering Malta’s Grand Harbour. outside the harbour, she struck by Navy in May 1941. Similar to HMS She went to rescue another ship in two naval mines laid by German Olympus, Kujawiak was struck by the convoy but ended up hitting a mine-laying submarine U-73. A fire a mine off the coast of Valletta a mine herself. broke out in the aft of the ship, month after Olympus. Lying at a depth of 97m, Kujawiak which led to an explosion by one Polish Navy crewmen were part is fairly well-preserved except for of the turrets, forcing the vessel of an armed convoy known as her stern, which was badly dam- to list perilously. It took 20 minutes Operation Harpoon. In the middle aged when she hit the seafloor. The before Russell capsized and sank, of WWII, Malta fell short of supplies. ship’s bells were recovered in 2017 giving most of the crew enough Allied powers put together a relief and are on display at the Maritime time to escape. convoy with supplies to Malta from Museum of Malta. Currently located about 6km Gibraltar on 12 June 1942. Two east of Fort St. Elmo at a depth of days after leaving Gibraltar, the HMS Russell around 115m, the Russell wreck Harpoon convoy was attacked, HMS Russell was a Duncan-class, site is a boat dive for technical and Kujawiak intercepted strikes pre-Deadnought battleship divers on trimix. With its stern sec- by Italian submarines and torpedo launched in February 1901 for the tion missing, the 132m-long wreck Divers on the wreck of the Junkers Ju 88, a German WWII Luftwaffe twin-engined multirole combat aircraft 10 X-RAY MAG : 94 : 2019 EDITORIAL FEATURES TRAVEL NEWS WRECKS EQUIPMENT BOOKS SCIENCE & ECOLOGY TECH EDUCATION PROFILES PHOTO & VIDEO PORTFOLIO wreck rap Malta ships and planes shipping vessels of Axis forces. of both the Allied This particular plane experienced and Axis forces. engine failure in April 1934, forcing the Junkers Ju 88 was craft into an early underwater burial. a German twin- Luckily, off-duty men from the Royal engine, all-metal Air Force’s air-sea rescue services bomber, one of the came to the rescue of the pilot. many pawns of the Axis forces in WWII. Deep-water wreck diving Divers who are “It is envisaged that the Maltese interested in air- Islands will become a market leader plane wrecks will in the field of deep-water wreck div- find the Ju 88 ing,” said Owen Bonnici, Maltese BUNDESARCHIV, BILD 101I-421-2069-14 / KETELHOHN (T) / CC-BY-SA 3.0 wreck in relatively Minister for Justice, Culture and Local good condition, Government, in a recent press release lies completely upside down on the with her broken tail a short distance announcing the launch of the UCHU.
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