6.Peaks in 5 Days
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Moüjmtaiim Operations
L f\f¿ áfó b^i,. ‘<& t¿ ytn) ¿L0d àw 1 /1 ^ / / /This publication contains copyright material. *FM 90-6 FieW Manual HEADQUARTERS No We DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Washington, DC, 30 June 1980 MOÜJMTAIIM OPERATIONS PREFACE he purpose of this rUanual is to describe how US Army forces fight in mountain regions. Conditions will be encountered in mountains that have a significant effect on. military operations. Mountain operations require, among other things^ special equipment, special training and acclimatization, and a high decree of self-discipline if operations are to succeed. Mountains of military significance are generally characterized by rugged compartmented terrain witn\steep slopes and few natural or manmade lines of communication. Weather in these mountains is seasonal and reaches across the entireSspectrum from extreme cold, with ice and snow in most regions during me winter, to extreme heat in some regions during the summer. AlthoughNthese extremes of weather are important planning considerations, the variability of weather over a short period of time—and from locality to locahty within the confines of a small area—also significantly influences tactical operations. Historically, the focal point of mountain operations has been the battle to control the heights. Changes in weaponry and equipment have not altered this fact. In all but the most extreme conditions of terrain and weather, infantry, with its light equipment and mobility, remains the basic maneuver force in the mountains. With proper equipment and training, it is ideally suited for fighting the close-in battfe commonly associated with mountain warfare. Mechanized infantry can\also enter the mountain battle, but it must be prepared to dismount and conduct operations on foot. -
Chapter 4 Member States of the European Union and The
CHAPTER 4 membeR StAteS oF tHe EuroPean UnioN and tHe EuroPean EcoNomic AReA 4.1 Austria ............................................. 18 4.15 Latvia .............................................. 50 4.2 belgium ........................................... 20 4.16 lithuania ......................................... 52 4.3 Cyprus ............................................. 24 4.17 luxembourg ................................... 55 4.4 Czech Republic ............................... 26 4.18 Malta ............................................... 59 4.5 denmark ......................................... 29 4.19 Netherlands ..................................... 61 4.6 estonia ............................................. 31 4.20 Norway ............................................ 64 4.7 Finland ............................................ 33 4.21 Poland .............................................. 66 4.8 France.............................................. 35 4.22 Portugal ........................................... 69 4.9 Germany ......................................... 37 4.23 Slovakia ........................................... 71 4.10 Greece .............................................. 39 4.24 Slovenia ........................................... 74 4.11 Hungary .......................................... 41 4.25 Spain ................................................ 76 4.12 Iceland ............................................. 43 4.26 Sweden ............................................. 81 4.13 Ireland ............................................ -
Three Countries Tour: Austria
+49 (0)40 468 992 48 Mo-Fr. 10:00h to 19.00h Three Countries Tour: Austria - Slovenia - Italy (M-ID: 2130) https://www.motourismo.com/en/listings/2130-three-countries-tour-austria-slovenia-italy from €849.00 Dates and duration (days) On request 8 days 06/12/2022 - 06/19/2022 8 days 08/13/2022 - 08/20/2022 8 days This tour takes us to the three-country corner of Austria, Slovenia and Italy. Our tour centre is located on the Austrian side, in the province of Carinthia, in Kötschach-Mauthen. We spend the night at the Hotel Erlenhof in the Gailtal. From this beautiful biker hotel we start our day tours and let 4th day: Highlights of Friuli the evening end in a cosy atmosphere with a multi-course Day trip to Friuli, the land of prosciutto, dinner and a drop of wine or a glass of beer. Caso di Lanza, Lake Sauris and Monte Cocolan Our tours take us, among other places, to Friuli, the Italian 5th day: Carinthia Highlights Nockalm - Maltatal part of the Julian Alps, to the land of prosciutto - it is said Hochalmstrasse that here you can get the best ham in Italy and to Slovenia, Up into the Nockberge - Nockalm Road - Innerkrems - to the area of the Triglav massif, which is still unknown to Maltatal - Windische Höhe most bikers. 6th day: Excursion to South Tyrol Of course the well-known Austrian panorama roads such as Via the Pustertaler Höhenstraße - to South Tyrol - the Grossglockner High Alpine Road, the Nockalm Road or Sexteneter Dolomites - Plöckenpass the Maltatal High Alpine Road should not be missing in our tour planning. -
Brochure on How to Act in Alpine Terrain
FORS MONTENEGRO FORSMONTENEGRO Foundation for the Development Fondacija za razvoj sjevera of Northern Montenegro Crne Gore Foundation for the Development of Northern Montenegro The project is funded by the European Union DIRECT BROCHURE ON HOW TO ACT IN ALPINE TERRAIN From a geographical standpoint, mountains are natural THE MOUNTAINS OF MONTENEGRO We hope that this brochure will be useful, that it will elevations of the earth’s surface attaining an altitude contribute to greater safety during stay in Montenegrin greater than 500 m. Mountains are formed and shaped by mountains, and that the tourists-hikers who visit our tectonic processes that could be classified as endogenic Montenegro is a South European and a Mediterranean mountains will carry away with them a most pleasant or internal (seismic an volcanic activity) or exogenic or country, mountainous and coastal at the same time, impression of their wild and breathtaking beauty. external (fluvial erosion – wearing away of soil by moving unique for its beauty, and one of the richest countries water, denudation – wearing down and stripping of the in Europe in terms of natural resources. e mountains rocks due to temperature swings, atmospheric influences, of Montenegro belong to the Dinaric Mountain Range. and expansion of plant roots, erosion – mechanical e prominent massifs are Orjen, Lovćen and Rumija disintegration of rocks, etc.). in the south, and Maglić, Durmitor, Vojnik, Morača Mountains, Komovi, Prokletije in the continental region, The tallest mountain ranges in the world are: The with an average elevation of the mountain peaks of over Himalayas with the highest peak in the world Mount 2,000 above sea level. -
Gamsgrube Trail High Alpine Road
GROSSGLOCKNER GAMSGRUBE TRAIL HIGH ALPINE ROAD 44 Gamsgrubenweg 44 Gamsgrubenweg Von der Franz-Josefs-Höhe zum Wasserfallwinkel ²²² Von der Franz-Josefs-Höhe zum Wasserfallwinkel ²²² The adventure tour at the National Park’s Gamsgrube Trail puts a spotlight on UNESCO World the Johannisberg as the mountain is lit by the midday sun. Heritage Site Nominee. Gamsgrube Trail FROM KAISER-FRANZ-JOSEFS-HÖHE TO THE WASSERFALLWINKEL We start the enjoyable walking tour along the before continuing on the informative nature trail. Gamsgrube Trail at the large entrance (Visitors’ National Park information boards help to expand Centre)Oben: of Diethe Kaiser-Franz-Josefs-Höhe Erlebniswanderung am Unten:our knowledge Nur den along Steinböcken, the way, always nicht revealing overlookNationalpark (1) before Gamsgrubenweg delving into the ‘Treasure lenkt seltensomething in stattlicher surprising. Anzahl, ist es er- Oben: Die Erlebniswanderung am Unten:Tunnel’auf Nur den andden mittagshellenits Steinböcken, world of myths Johannisbergnicht and legends. You laubt,The experience die streng opens geschützte up an incredible Gams world- of Nationalpark Gamsgrubenweg lenkt seltenwill inzu. learnstattlicher of mining, Anzahl, gold, quartzist es erand- water, and grubeadventure zu betreten. and freedom, during which you are auf den mittagshellen Johannisberg laubt,hear die thestreng Myth geschützteof the Pasterze Gams Glacier- along the kindly asked to stay on the trail (caution: Alpine zu. grubeway. zu betreten.After the sixth tunnel, we step out into the footpath, use at own risk). The Wasserfallwinkel open, perhapsKURZINFO dazzled for an instant by the light (2) lookout spot is hailed as Austria’s ‘most KURZINFO reflecting from8C the Grossglockner massif’s ice, beautiful snack stop’. -
Wilderness Set out to Discover the European Wild Nature HOHE TAUERN ÖSTERREICH 04-05
WILDeRNEsS Set out to discover the european wild nature HOHE TAUERN ÖSTERREICH 04-05 GESÄUSE ÖSTERREICH 06-07 WOODSMOKE ENGLAND 08-09 MAJELLA ITALIEN 10-11 VERCORS FRANKREICH 12-13 WOLF SLOWAKEI 14-15 BERESINSKY WEISSRUSSLAND 16-17 KALKAPEN ÖSTERREICH 18-19 SAREK WILDLEDER 20-21 SOOMAA ESTLAND 22-23 ADULA SCHWEIZ 24-25 ŠUMAVA TSCHECHISCHE REPUBLIK 26-27 LES ÉCRINS FRANKREICH 28-29 DIE WILDNIS INS TÄGLICHE LEBEN INTEGRIEREN 30-31 Ob es die Kraft der Gebirge, hängend als die Wildnis-Gebiete. Der Mountain Wilderness / Frankreich die Weiten der Wüste und Zustand ihrer natürlichen Lebensräume, Setzt sich seit über 20 Jahren für den globalen Zugang zu den des Wasser oder die alten ungehindert ablaufender, ergebnisoffe- Gebirgsgebieten unter Einhaltung von folgenden Schwerpunkten Urwälder sind, die Natur ner Prozesse und ihres ursprünglichen ein: „Erhaltung der Umwelt“, „soziale Gerechtigkeit“ und erstaunt uns immer wieder Artenbestandes wurde in der Vergangen- „Regionale Wirtschaft“ . und gibt uns das Gefühl von Freiheit, heit teilweise oder wesentlich durch www.mountainwilderness.fr Demut und Abenteuer. Obwohl uns menschliche Tätigkeiten wie Viehbesatz, die Natur so viel geben kann, zerstö- Jagd, Fischerei und Beeren- und ren wir sie mit fortschreitender Urba- Pilzesammeln modifiziert.“ EWS / Österreich nisierung. Je mehr der menschliche In den letzten fünfzehn Jahren Die European Wilderness Society mit Sitz in Österreich, ist die Einfluss zunimmt, desto mehr bringen einzige pan-europäische gemeinnützige Nichtregierungsorga- wir die Natur aus dem Gleichgewicht. gewann die Wildnis Idee in Europa an Bedeutung. Die vom Europapar- nisation, deren engagiertes multikulturelles und sehr erfahrenes Um diese Situation zu verbessern, professionelles Team aus Wildnis- und Wildtierspezialisten, lament verabschiedete „Resolution arbeiten seit einigen Jahren verschie- Naturschützern, Forschern, Wissenschaftlern, Tourismus- und dene Organisationen zusammen und zur Erhaltung von Wildnisgebieten in Marketingexperten, Rechtsberatern und Wildnisfürsprechern, fördern die Wildnis Idee. -
Été 2015 Dossier De PRESSE
été 2015 Dossier de PRESSE L’Argentière-La Bessée Champcella Freissinières Pelvoux Puy-Saint-Vincent La Roche-de-Rame Les Vigneaux Vallouise Saint-Martin-de-Queyrières Contact Presse D’COM – Gaëlle MOREAU TÉL. 06 87 30 67 87 [email protected] www.paysdesecrins.com Le Pays des Écrins un terrain de jeux pour des vacances simples et naturelles Le Pays des Écrins est un territoire situé dans les Hautes-Alpes. Il regroupe 9 communes dont deux stations de ski l’hiver. L’été, ce territoire est riche en activités et en paysages. Situé au pied de la Barre des Écrins (4102 m), il est à la fois haute et moyenne montagne. Pour les plus sportifs : alpinisme, escalade, randonnées, VTT, vélo de route, trail et sports d’eaux vives seront au rendez-vous. Pour les plus calmes, un patrimoine naturel, historique et industriel leur permettra de passer de bons moments. 2 Le Pays des Écrins est un territoire riche en histoires, celle de l’alpinisme avec les premières ascen- sions au XIXème siècle, celle de l’industrie avec les mines d’argent et l’hydro-électricité, celle de la religion avec la présence vaudoise à partir du XIIème siècle, celle de l’architecture avec une grande présence de cadrans solaires et le patrimoine vernaculaire des villages typiques de montagne. Les communes et villages du Pays des Écrins : L’Argentière-La Bessée, Champcella, Freissinières, Pelvoux, Puy-Saint-Vincent, La Roche-de-Rame, Saint-Martin-de-Queyrrières, Vallouise, Les Vigneaux. Suivez le guide... Sommaire Les sites d’exception Le Pays des Écrins … nature et bien-être Le Pays des Écrins, la montagne et l’eau La haute-montagne.. -
HIKING in SLOVENIA Green
HIKING IN SLOVENIA Green. Active. Healthy. www.slovenia.info #ifeelsLOVEnia www.hiking-biking-slovenia.com |1 THE LOVE OF WALKING AT YOUR FINGERTIPS The green heart of Europe is home to active peop- le. Slovenia is a story of love, a love of being active in nature, which is almost second nature to Slovenians. In every large town or village, you can enjoy a view of green hills or Alpine peaks, and almost every Slove- nian loves to put on their hiking boots and yell out a hurrah in the embrace of the mountains. Thenew guidebook will show you the most beauti- ful hiking trails around Slovenia and tips on how to prepare for hiking, what to experience and taste, where to spend the night, and how to treat yourself after a long day of hiking. Save the dates of the biggest hiking celebrations in Slovenia – the Slovenia Hiking Festivals. Indeed, Slovenians walk always and everywhere. We are proud to celebrate 120 years of the Alpine Associati- on of Slovenia, the biggest volunteer organisation in Slovenia, responsible for maintaining mountain trails. Themountaineering culture and excitement about the beauty of Slovenia’s nature connects all generations, all Slovenian tourist farms and wine cellars. Experience this joy and connection between people in motion. This is the beginning of themighty Alpine mountain chain, where the mysterious Dinaric Alps reach their heights, and where karst caves dominate the subterranean world. There arerolling, wine-pro- ducing hills wherever you look, the Pannonian Plain spreads out like a carpet, and one can always sense the aroma of the salty Adriatic Sea. -
EXPEDITION HÖCHSTE BERGE ÖSTERREICHS . Peter-Christian Endler, ÖAV-Sektion Graz
EXPEDITION HÖCHSTE BERGE ÖSTERREICHS . Peter-Christian Endler, ÖAV-Sektion Graz Alpenverein Graz, Nachrichten 4/2017: A) HÖCHSTE BERGE DER ÖSTERREICHISCHEN BUNDESLÄNDER . https://www.alpenverein.at/graz/service/Downloads/Hoechste-Berge-der-oesterreichischen- Bundeslaender-Eine-Expedition.pdf Höchste Gipfel der Erde zu erklimmen, ist wenigen vorbehalten. Näherliegend – und auch ökologisch günstiger – sind die ‚Summits‘ der österreichischen Bundesländer. Man kann sie alle innerhalb eines Sommers besteigen oder, wie ich, nach zwanzig Jahren Vielwandern feststellen, dass man sie en passant kennengelernt hat. Summits als Ordnungssystem für’s Fotoalbum, sozusagen. Berg Bundesland Ausgangspunkt m. ü. M. 1 Hermannskogel Wien Wien Stadt 542 2 Geschriebenstein Burgenland Lockenhaus 884 3 Klosterwappen NÖ Weichtalhaus 2.076 4 Hoher Dachstein Stmk, OÖ Hallstatt 2.995 5 Großglockner Kärnten, O-Tirol Heiligenblut 3.798 6 Großvenediger Salzburg M. Tauernhaus 3.674 7 Wildspitze N-Tirol Vent 3.768 8 Piz Buin Voralberg Bielerhöhe 3.312 9 Ortler S-Tirol (Italien) Sulda 3.899 Die Zählung der Summits haben wir etwas erweitert, indem wir es für ‚Tirol‘ nicht beim Glockner (der in Osttirol liegt) belassen, sondern die Wildspitze (für Nordtirol) dazu genommen haben – und in nachbarschaftlicher Sympathie den im italienischen Südtirol liegenden Ortler. Als Vorbereitung diente, den Alltag durch konditions- förderndes Laufen aufzulockern, den Kindern die Freude an der Bewegung zu lassen, gerne auf Berge zu gehen. In einer Zeit, in der uns oft Kurzfristigkeiten den langen Atem nehmen, in der wir zuweilen über gehypte Superlative die eigenen Möglichkeiten vergessen, soll dieser ‚Expeditions‘- Bericht Lust machen auf langfristige, spielerische Disziplin erfordernde Projekte. Allen, die an diesen Touren und ihren Vorbereitungen, sowie ‚backstage‘ (z.B. -
From Tavern to Bernina
FROM . TAUERN TO BERNINA • FROM TAVERN TO BERNINA • BY}. E.MONTGOMREY .. Read before the Alpine Club, March 31, 1936 RANK-AND-FILE member with no particular knowledge or experience who is commanded to render an account of his stewardship in the form of a paper, and one, more over, obliged to ransack his small stock of recollections for the necessary material, is grateful when a title is suggested to him, more especially when as in the present case it expresses his own mountaineering faith and experience. For while he received his first inspiration from the Bernina and made his first experiments in climbing in the Bregaglia, he may be said to have commenced his apprenticeship in the Oetztal, to have wandered to the Tauern, to have returned to Bernina for the satisfaction of certain early ambitions, and to have come nearest to the spice of adventure in the Bregaglia. Such being the theme of this paper, some in dulgence must be granted if the personal note is struck too often. It is simply an attempt to convey something of what the Alps can give to quite an ordinary person, without the advantages of youthful strength or opportunity, who is obliged to possess his soul in patience and take, when his turn comes, such moderate enjoyments as lie within the measure of his powers. I begin at the age of eight or thereabouts with recollections yet retaining an extraordinary vividness and which still stan·d the test of repetition, of the Engadine and Pontresina in particular, of the thrills of glacier picnics and, above all, of the triumph of a day on Piz Languard. -
United States Geography Olympiad Round #5
United States Geography Olympiad Round 5 1. This system expanded in part because the area inside Route 128 had a moratorium on highway construction. The northeastern-most segment of this system runs from Bowdoin to Wonderland. In a song about this system, which mentions Jamaica Plain, a wife delivers sandwiches to it for life since her husband lacks the nickel needed to escape it; that song inspired the name of its “CharlieCard.” This system with a trifurcated Green Line has a Silver Line commuter rail to Logan International Airport, and its Red Line connects South Station to the Davis stop near the Tufts campus. For 10 points, name this system connecting Cambridge landmarks such as Harvard and MIT to many stops in Boston via underground trains. ANSWER: the Boston T [or the Boston-area public transportation system; or the Boston-area subway system; or the Boston-area MBTA subway system; or the Massachusetts Bay Transporation Authority subway system; accept the former name, Metropolitan Transit Authority; accept MTA] 104-13-82-05101 2. The Francis Beidler Forest is located in one of these areas known as the “Four Hole” one. One of these locations was set to be the location of a DuPont titanium mining operation that was scuttled in 1997 due to public protest; that location of this type was the origin of the Bugaboo Scrub Fire. Lake Drummond is located in one of these places that was the location of a maroon colony. One of these places can be accessed at Stephen Foster State Park and is located on the Suwanee River. -
Via Ferrata: a Short Introduction Giuliano Bressan, Claudio Melchiorri CAI – Club Alpino Italiano
Via Ferrata: A short introduction Giuliano Bressan, Claudio Melchiorri CAI – Club Alpino Italiano 1. Introduction In the last years, the number of persons climbing “vie ferrate” has rapidly increased, and this manner of approaching mountains is becoming more and more popular among mountaineers and hikers, in particular among young persons. The terms “via ferrata” and “sentiero attrezzato” (or equipped path) indicate that a set of fixed equipment (metallic ropes, ladders, chains, bridges, …) is installed along an itinerary in order to facilitate its ascension, guaranteeing at the same time a good margin of security. In this manner, also non extremely expert persons may have the opportunity to approach mountains and vertical walls that would be climbable, without this equipment, only by means of standard climbing techniques and equipment (i.e. rope, pitons, and so on). With this fixed equipment it is then possible to grant almost to everybody the emotion of altitudes and the excitement of vertical walls, without taking major risks and without being involved, possibly, in dangerous situations. Nevertheless, practicing “vie ferrate” should not be compared with the classical climbing activity. As a matter of fact, also considering the physical and psychological engagement necessary in any case to climb a “via ferrata” (some are very difficult from a technical and physical point of view), very different are the technical skills, the experience, the capabilities and the emotional control needed to face in a proper way any negative situation possibly occurring in a mountaineering activity. Nowadays, the term “via ferrata” has been internationally adopted, although in some countries they are also known as Klettersteig (this word indicates the specific karabiners to be used in this activity).