CHAPTER 4 membeR StAteS oF tHe EuroPean UnioN and tHe EuroPean EcoNomic AReA 4.1 Austria ............................................. 18 4.15 Latvia .............................................. 50 4.2 belgium ........................................... 20 4.16 lithuania ......................................... 52 4.3 Cyprus ............................................. 24 4.17 luxembourg ................................... 55 4.4 Czech Republic ............................... 26 4.18 Malta ............................................... 59 4.5 denmark ......................................... 29 4.19 Netherlands ..................................... 61 4.6 estonia ............................................. 31 4.20 Norway ............................................ 64 4.7 Finland ............................................ 33 4.21 Poland .............................................. 66 4.8 France.............................................. 35 4.22 Portugal ........................................... 69 4.9 Germany ......................................... 37 4.23 Slovakia ........................................... 71 4.10 Greece .............................................. 39 4.24 Slovenia ........................................... 74 4.11 Hungary .......................................... 41 4.25 Spain ................................................ 76 4.12 Iceland ............................................. 43 4.26 Sweden ............................................. 81 4.13 Ireland ............................................. 45 4.27 Switzerland ..................................... 83 4.14 Italy .................................................. 47 4.28 United Kingdom ............................. 85 Atlas.indd 17 25.11.2008 09:51:15 18 Member States of the European Union and European Economic Area 4.1: Austria Introduction several administrative districts (note that Vienna represents only one unit) and eight consist of at Austria is situated in south-central Europe, least one administrative district and a part of constituting part of the Eastern Alps and the Danube another administrative district (judicial district). region, extending 573 km from west to east and 294 km from north to south. It covers an area of The national language is German (spoken by 83,900 km2 and its border has an overall length about 90% of the population), but many other of 2,706 km, of which 816 km are shared with languages are spoken by various ethnic groups Germany, 466 km with the Czech Republic, 107 (e.g. Croatian, Hungarian, Slovenian, Turkish). with the Slovak Republic, 356 km with Hungary, 330 km with Slovenia, 430 km with Italy, 166 km mortality data collection with Switzerland and 35 km with Liechtenstein. For each death, the registrar must draw up a Austrian territory can be divided into five death certificate which is to be filled in by the sections: Eastern Alps (western, central and coroner stating the cause of death. This death southern parts – about 60% of Austria), Alpine certificate must then be forwarded to the Austrian and Carpathian Foothills (central/northern parts), Central Statistical Office, where the data are Pannonian Lowlands (eastern parts), Vienna Basin centrally processed and coded. The Austrian (surrounding Vienna), and Granite and Gneiss Central Statistical Office’s data files on deaths Highlands (Bohemian Massif in the north). The cover all those persons listed in the resident highest mountain is the Grossglockner (3,798 m) population who have died in Austria. in the Hohe Tauern. The main river is the Danube with a 350 km section of its course running through In Austria coding is conducted according to the Austria. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) of the World Health Organization. Prior to 1979, cause of Austria is divided into nine administrative death was coded according to the 8th revision of the provinces: Burgenland, Carinthia, Lower Austria, ICD, from 1980 to 2001 the 9th revision was used, Upper Austria, Salzburg, Styria, Tirol, Vorarlberg and since 2002 the 10th revision has been employed. and Vienna. These provinces are further The coded cause of death is the underlying cause subdivided into administrative districts. In total of death, or in cause of external causes, gives there are 99 districts of which 15 are classified the circumstances of the accident or the effect of as urban and 84 as rural. Apart from the capital violence which caused the fatality. town of Vienna, with its 1.56 million inhabitants (population density 3,765 per km2), there are 24 The overall autopsy rate in 2001 was 24.5%. towns with over 20,000 inhabitants. Austria had Among children under one year who died, an a total population of about 8,030,000 in 2001. autopsy was performed in 67.4 % of the cases. Since 1960 the population has increased by 14%, The older the deceased were, the lower was the but a constant two-thirds of the population has autopsy rate: only 13.5% of persons aged over 85 been living in urban areas over the last 40 years. had an autopsy performed. The autopsy rates vary The overall population density was 96 per km2 in also by region: the east of Austria and large cities 2001, but it varies among the provinces from 53 carry out more autopsies than the rest of Austria. (Tirol) to 135 (Vorarlberg). Population statistics NUTS 2 level corresponds to the nine provinces, whereas NUTS 3 level divides Austria In Austria, censuses have been carried out every into 35 units, of which 27 consist of one or 10 years, the latest in 2001. For years between Atlas.indd 18 25.11.2008 09:51:15 Member States of the European Union and European Economic Area 19 the censuses, population size and composition Jahrbuch der Gesundheitsstatistik 2000, Eds. were estimated by counting the births, deaths Statistik Austria. Wien, 2002. and migration reported to the Austrian Central Rauchgewohnheiten 1997, Eds. Statistik Austria. Statistical Office. These estimates were revised Wien. 2002. after a new census. From 2002 onwards the Österreichisches Todesursachenatlas 1988/94, population data have been extracted from the Eds. ÖSTAT. Wien, 1998. recently established Central Population Register (Zentrales Melderegister, ZMR) Address: Statistik Austria, Hintere Zollamtsstraße 2b, 1033 Vienna Statistical publications Statistisches Jahrbuch Österreichs 2002, Eds. Jeannette Klimont Statistik Austria. Wien. 2002. Monika Hackl Atlas.indd 19 25.11.2008 09:51:16 20 Member States of the European Union and European Economic Area 4.2: belgium Introduction large socio-economic survey, covering the whole population, was carried out. Belgium has an area of 30,500 km2 and extends over 230 km from north to south and Belgium has a centralised and computerised over 290 km from east to west. About 60% of population register. It was created in 1970 with the land surface is used for agriculture and the collaboration of some communes (geographic 20% is wooded (figures for 1990-2000). The entities) on a voluntary basis and was progressively Meuse flows out of the French Vosges, through developed. It became compulsory for all the eastern Belgium (Namur and Liege) into the communes on 1st January 1985 according to the Netherlands. About 45% of the land surface is law of 8th August 1983. Since 1st January 1989, used for agriculture and 20% is wooded. The population figures have been based on the data capital is Brussels (population around 950,000 in from the population register. the period 1993-1998). Each year, the National Institute of Statistics The population of Belgium grew from (NIS) receives in March all the population 10,068,000 in 1993 to 10,192,000 in 1998, with movements of the preceding year (births, an average density of 332 inhabitants per km2 for deaths, migrations, nationality changes) that period. By 2007, the population had risen from the National Population Register. New to 10,585,000, with a density of 347 inhabitants population figures are then estimated. These per km2. Belgium is divided into three regions: results are given the date of 1st January of the the Flemish region, the Walloon region and the relevant year. Brussels Capital region. In the Flemish region (58% of the population), the official language is The communes have to transmit the data Dutch; in the Walloon region (33%) it is French. to the national register within 15 days of the The Brussels Capital area (9%) is a region where declaration of the occurrence but, when the NIS French and Dutch have an equal status. There receives the data from the National Register in is a fourth language region where German is March, some communes have not yet transmitted spoken, in the North-East of the Walloon region all their data from the preceding year. Therefore, (70,000 inhabitants). a column called “statistical adjustment” has been added to the tables regarding population Until the beginning of 1995, Belgium was movements. In this column, we find the balance also divided into nine provinces: Antwerp, of the movements of two years earlier that could Brabant, West Flanders, East Flanders, Hainaut, not be taken into account the year before when Liege, Limburg, Luxembourg and Namur. Since the NIS received the data. 1st January 1995, Belgium has consisted of 10 provinces: the province of Brabant was divided Births must be declared at the commune where into 2 parts: the Flemish Brabant and the Walloon the event took place within 15 days and deaths within Brabant. In this atlas, the 10 provinces have been 3 days. For both, if the last day is a Saturday, a taken into