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Romanian Folk Magic: Bewitching Ideology Daniel Bird
Romanian Folk Magic: Bewitching Ideology Daniel Bird Potions swirling in cauldrons, midnight spells, curses and hidden covens: the witch is a fgure entrenched in our myth and memory. It is, however, a little-known fact that today many witches still reign supreme over parts of modern Europe, holding seats of power in lavish abodes. These supernatural practitioners have refused to be relegated to history and instead have transmogrifed their talents to ft into a capitalist arena where magic fourishes and their arts embed them- selves in an industry of their own. Associated most frequently in European memory with Satanic worship, witchcraft has held a curious grip on the human psyche. The archetype has surfaced world- wide in many cultural iterations, having even received a post-mortem resurgence and transformation in Western pop-culture flm and television. Witches in this medium have been portrayed equally as relatable adolescents and as the more traditionally horrifying hags of the thriller genre, showing the fgure of the witch to be a durable and fexible one. Much the same can be said of witchcraft in the country of Romania, where the practice and sociocultural perceptions of witch- craft have evolved, expired and been subsequently revived in the last century. To properly articulate the historical trajectory of Romanian witchcraft, I begin by describing its birthplace in the agrarian countryside. I then examine the strug- gles of the practice under the Romanian Communist system which sought to oppress this tradition. The discussion delineates the resurgence of the trade after 1989, and the Golden Age of witchcraft in the new neoliberal setting. -
Private Sector Development Policy Handbook
PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT POLICY HANDBOOK Attracting Investment in Renewable Energy in Ukraine - SECTOR COMPETITIVENESS STRATEGY FOR UKRAINE PHASE II - NOVEMBER 2012 The OECD Eastern Europe and South Caucasus Initiative Launched in April 2009, the OECD Eastern Europe and South Caucasus Initiative is part of the OECD Eurasia Competitiveness Programme, which aims to contribute to economic growth in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine. Its objective is to share with the governments of the region the knowledge, experience and good practices of OECD countries to create a sound business climate for investment, enhance productivity and support entrepreneurship, develop the private sector, and build knowledge-based economies to render its sectors more competitive and attractive to foreign investment. Its approach comprises both a regional policy dimension, which entails peer dialogue and capacity building, and a country-specific aspect supporting the implementation of a number of prioritised reforms. A sector analysis is also included, covering the formulation of targeted policies and strategies requested at the industry level. Within the framework of the programme, public authorities, the private sector and civil society in these countries have been engaged in a dialogue and collaboration process to support policy actions and identify the key barriers to sectoral competitiveness. The participation of all the stakeholders in the reform process, including foreign investors, is considered to be crucial for guaranteeing the effectiveness and transparency of the recommended policies. 2 Foreword Since 2009, the OECD Eurasia Competitiveness Programme has supported the Government of Ukraine in advancing national economic reform through its “Sector Competitiveness Strategy for Ukraine” project. This handbook contains the conclusions of the second phase of the project. -
Moüjmtaiim Operations
L f\f¿ áfó b^i,. ‘<& t¿ ytn) ¿L0d àw 1 /1 ^ / / /This publication contains copyright material. *FM 90-6 FieW Manual HEADQUARTERS No We DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Washington, DC, 30 June 1980 MOÜJMTAIIM OPERATIONS PREFACE he purpose of this rUanual is to describe how US Army forces fight in mountain regions. Conditions will be encountered in mountains that have a significant effect on. military operations. Mountain operations require, among other things^ special equipment, special training and acclimatization, and a high decree of self-discipline if operations are to succeed. Mountains of military significance are generally characterized by rugged compartmented terrain witn\steep slopes and few natural or manmade lines of communication. Weather in these mountains is seasonal and reaches across the entireSspectrum from extreme cold, with ice and snow in most regions during me winter, to extreme heat in some regions during the summer. AlthoughNthese extremes of weather are important planning considerations, the variability of weather over a short period of time—and from locality to locahty within the confines of a small area—also significantly influences tactical operations. Historically, the focal point of mountain operations has been the battle to control the heights. Changes in weaponry and equipment have not altered this fact. In all but the most extreme conditions of terrain and weather, infantry, with its light equipment and mobility, remains the basic maneuver force in the mountains. With proper equipment and training, it is ideally suited for fighting the close-in battfe commonly associated with mountain warfare. Mechanized infantry can\also enter the mountain battle, but it must be prepared to dismount and conduct operations on foot. -
The Progress Report on G7 Energy Sector Support for Ukraine
The Progress Report on G7 Energy Sector Support for Ukraine Foreword The Energy Ministers of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the EU Commissioner for Energy met in Rome in May 2014. They discussed ways to strengthen collective energy security and issued the Rome Energy Security Initiative, which provided for a number of immediate actions to be taken. On the basis of this initiative, Italy compiled “Rome G7 Energy Initiative for Energy Security Implementation Report” and submitted to the Hamburg G7 Energy Ministerial Meeting in May 2015. At the Hamburg meeting in May 2015, G7 Energy Ministers discussed progress since the meeting in Rome in strengthening collective energy security and decided on a further initiative to effectively improve sustainable energy security of G7 countries and beyond, taking into account recent market developments. In the G7 Hamburg Initiative for Sustainable Energy Security, G7 Energy Ministers declared concrete joint actions with non-G7 countries to further strengthen sustainable energy security. In the G7 Elmau Summit Communiqué published in June 2015, the G7 leaders welcomed the Hamburg Initiative and announced their commitment to continue to support vulnerable countries, including Ukraine, in its efforts to reform and liberalize energy systems and aimed to further diversify its energy mix, fuels, energy sources and routes. This paper aims to report to the G7 Energy Ministers about the outcomes of support for Ukraine by G7 member countries, EU and the IEA after the “Rome G7 Energy Initiative for Energy Security Implementation Report”. Given that our support for reforming and liberalizing energy systems in most vulnerable countries including Ukraine, is one of the concrete actions described in the Hamburg G7 Initiative, this paper organizes the current state and progress of reforming Ukraine’s energy system and identifies unsolved issues. -
6.Peaks in 5 Days
6 Peaksin 5 Days Not surprisingly, scaling incredible summits ranks among the most popular activities in the Alps -- including iconic peaks like the Matterhorn, the mystical Wildspitze glacier, or the vertigo-inducing Zugspitze. But if climbing isn’t your thing, you can take a cable car to the tops of these peaceful giants and enjoy the views, sans ice pick. Breathtaking view of the Zugspitze, Germany’s highest peak Germany MUNICH SALZBURG 6 BERCHTESGADEN 4 GARMISCH ZURICH Austria 5 HOHE TAUERN Switzerland 3 ÖTZTAL 2 GSTAAD 1ZERMATT 1Zermatt Picturesque Zermatt lies at the foot of the fabled Matterhorn, one of the world’s iconic mountains. The popular, car-free destination has preserved its original character and offers nearly unlimited possibilities for fun, including skiing, climbing, and hiking, as well as boutique shopping and outdoor ice-skating and curling rinks. STAY EAT DO The Omnia Mountain Lodge At Cervo Mountain Boutique Zermatt cable cars take visitors to claims pride of place on a rock Resort, Alpine-chalet design Europe’s highest mountain station high above Zermatt. merges with a hint of hunting lodge. and the Matterhorn Glacier Paradise. At the Matterhorn’s foot sits the The Cervo-Puro Restaurant boasts Gorner Gorge ranks among the most four-star superior Romantik 14 GaultMillau points. Restaurant breathtaking natural beauties of Hotel Julen, featuring 1818 serves modern Alpine cuisine. Zermatt. spruce-paneled rooms. myswitzerland.com/the-omnia-mountain-lodge myswitzerland.com/hotel-cervo.html myswitzerland.com/zermatt.htm myswitzerland.com/romantik-hotel-julen myswitzerland.com/restaurant-1818 myswitzerland.com/gorner-gorge See Amazing Blacknose Sheep Visit the legendary Blacknose Sheep in the stable of the Julen family every Wednesday. -
The European Committee of the Regions and the Luxembourg Presidency of the European Union
EUROPEAN UNION Committee of the Regions © Fabrizio Maltese / ONT The European Committee of the Regions and the Luxembourg Presidency of the European Union 01 Foreword by the president of the European Committee of the Regions 3 02 Foreword by the prime minister of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg 5 03 Role of the European Committee of the Regions 7 04 The Luxembourg delegation to the European Committee of the Regions 10 Members of the Luxembourg delegation 10 Interview with the president of the Luxembourg delegation 12 Viewpoints of the delegation members 14 05 Cross-border cooperation 22 Joint interview with Corinne Cahen, Minister for the Greater Region, and François Bausch, Minister for Sustainable Development and Infrastructure 22 Examples of successful cross-border cooperation in the Greater Region 26 EuRegio: speaking for municipalities in the Greater Region 41 06 Festivals and traditions 42 07 Calendar of events 46 08 Contacts 47 EUROPEAN UNION Committee of the Regions © Fabrizio Maltese / ONT Foreword by the president of the 01 European Committee of the Regions Economic and Monetary Union,, negotiations on TTIP and preparations for the COP21 conference on climate change in Paris. In this context, I would like to mention some examples of policies where the CoR’s work can provide real added value. The European Committee of the Regions wholeheartedly supports Commission president Jean-Claude Junker’s EUR 315 billion Investment Plan for Europe. This is an excellent programme intended to mobilise public and private investment to stimulate the economic growth that is very The dynamic of the European Union has changed: much needed in Europe. -
Fourth National Report of Belgium to the Convention on Biological Diversity
Fourth National Report of Belgium to the Convention on Biological Diversity © Th. Hubin / RBINS 2009 1 2 Contents Executive Summary .....................................................................................................................................................4 Preamble .......................................................................................................................................................................6 Chapter I - Overview of Biodiversity Status, Trends and Threats..........................................................................7 1. Status of biodiversity.............................................................................................................................................7 2. Trends in biodiversity.......................................................................................................................................... 10 3. Main threats to biodiversity................................................................................................................................. 15 Chapter II - Status of National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans ............................................................ 21 1. Introduction......................................................................................................................................................... 21 2. National Biodiversity Strategy 2006-2016.......................................................................................................... 21 -
Offshore Renewable Energy Development Plan a Framework for the Sustainable Development of Ireland’S Offshore Renewable Energy Resource
Offshore Renewable Energy Development Plan A Framework for the Sustainable Development of Ireland’s Offshore Renewable Energy Resource February 2014 Offshore Renewable Energy Development Plan A Framework for the Sustainable Development of Ireland’s Offshore Renewable Energy Resource February 2014 Contents Foreword by the Minister for Communications, Energy & Natural Resources, Pat Rabbitte T.D. 5 Introduction, Vision and Goals 6 Part One – Opportunity, Policy Context and Next Steps 9 Offshore Energy Renewable Plan Development Section 1 – Opportunity and Policy Context 10 Opportunity 10 Policy Context 11 Renewable Energy 11 Environment 13 Infrastructure 14 Job Creation and Economic Growth 15 Section 2 – Next Steps 18 OREDP Principles 18 3 Policy Actions and Enablers 18 Governance 18 Job Creation and Growth 19 Environment 23 Infrastructure 24 Part Two – Strategic Environmental and Appropriate Assessment of Ireland’s Offshore Renewable Energy Potential 25 Section 1 – Overview of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) and Appropriate Assessment (AA) Processes 26 Section 2 – Overview of Key Findings from the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) and Appropriate Assessment (AA) 30 Section 3 – Plan Level Mitigation Measures 32 Section 4 – Suggested Project Level Mitigation Measures 34 Section 5 – Overview of Responses to the Public Consultation on the OREDP 54 Glossary 56 List of Figures Figure 1. Map of SEA Assessment Areas. (Source: SEAI, AECOM) 8 Figure 2. Ireland’s Offshore Territory. (Source: Geological Survey of Ireland) 10 Figure 3. Offshore Wind Turbines. (Source: IMERC) 12 Figure 4. Floating a Cable to Shore. (Source: SEAI) 13 Figure 5. Unloading Turbines at Killybegs. (Source: Killybegs Harbour Centre) 15 Figure 6. Marine Energy Supply Chain. -
ENVIRONMENT and RENEWABLE ENERGY in IRELAND FLANDERS INVESTMENT & TRADE MARKET SURVEY Market Study
ENVIRONMENT AND RENEWABLE ENERGY IN IRELAND FLANDERS INVESTMENT & TRADE MARKET SURVEY Market study ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ENVIRONMENT AND RENEWABLE ENERGY IN IRELAND January 2020 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// www.flandersinvestmentandtrade.com CONTENT 1. Preface ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 2. The Irish Economy ...................................................................................................................................................................... 4 3. Irish Energy Market .................................................................................................................................................................... 5 3.1 Energy Policy 7 3.2 Electricity Network 9 4. Renewable Energy Technologies & Sources ............................................................................................................ 10 4.1 Bioenergy 10 4.2 Wind Energy 11 4.3 Ocean Energy 13 4.4 Hydro Energy 15 4.5 Solar Energy 15 4.6 Geothermal Energy 16 5. Related sub-sectors ................................................................................................................................................................. 16 5.1 -
Regulamin Odznaki „Korona Gór Europy” I
REGULAMIN ODZNAKI „KORONA GÓR EUROPY” I. Postanowienia wstępne. 1. Odznaka „Korona Gór Europy” została ustanowiona w 2019 r., przez Hutniczo-Miejski Oddział PTTK w Krakowie. Nadzór nad nią sprawuje Hutniczo-Miejski Oddział PTTK w Krakowie. Celem odznaki jest zaktywizowanie turystów górskich do zdobywania bardziej wymagających szczytów i poznawania piękna naszego kontynentu. 2. Odznaka „Korona Gór Europy” obejmuje wszystkie najwyższe szczyty w poszczególnych 47. państwach Europy, zgodnie z załączonym wykazem. II. Zasady zdobywania odznaki. 1. Odznakę może zdobyć każdy, bez względu na obywatelstwo, wiek, członkostwo w organizacji turystycznej. 2. Odznaka posiada trzy stopnie: a) brązowa – przyznawana za zdobycie 16. różnych szczytów, dowolnie wybranych z załączonego wykazu, przy czym trzy szczyty muszą mieć wysokość powyżej dwóch tysięcy metrów; b) srebrna – przyznawana za zdobycie 32. różnych szczytów, dowolnie wybranych z załączonego wykazu, przy czym sześć szczytów musi mieć wysokość powyżej dwóch tysięcy metrów; c) złota – przyznawana za zdobycie wszystkich 47. szczytów z załączonego wykazu. 3. Podczas weryfikowania odznaki uwzględniane są szczyty zdobyte od 1.01.2000 r. Czas zdobywania kolejnych szczytów jest nieograniczony. 4. Wyznaczone szczyty mogą być zdobywane indywidualnie lub zespołowo i w ramach zdobywania innych odznak turystycznych. 5. Podczas wędrówek należy przestrzegać zasad bezpiecznego i racjonalnego uprawiania turystyki górskiej, przestrzegać zasad i odnośnych przepisów prawa obowiązujących w poszczególnych państwach -
The Place of Photovoltaics in Poland's Energy
energies Article The Place of Photovoltaics in Poland’s Energy Mix Renata Gnatowska * and Elzbieta˙ Mory ´n-Kucharczyk Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Institute of Thermal Machinery, Cz˛estochowaUniversity of Technology, Armii Krajowej 21, 42-200 Cz˛estochowa,Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-343250534 Abstract: The energy strategy and environmental policy in the European Union are climate neutrality, low-carbon gas emissions, and an environmentally friendly economy by fighting global warming and increasing energy production from renewable sources (RES). These sources, which are characterized by high investment costs, require the use of appropriate support mechanisms introduced with suitable regulations. The article presents the current state and perspectives of using renewable energy sources in Poland, especially photovoltaic systems (PV). The specific features of Polish photovoltaics and the economic analysis of investment in a photovoltaic farm with a capacity of 1 MW are presented according to a new act on renewable energy sources. This publication shows the importance of government support that is adequate for the green energy producers. Keywords: renewable energy sources (RES); photovoltaic system (PV); energy mix; green energy 1. State of Photovoltaics Development in the World The global use of renewable energy sources (RES) is steadily increasing, which is due, among other things, to the rapid increase in demand for energy in countries that have so far been less developed [1]. Other reasons include the desire of various countries to Citation: Gnatowska, R.; become self-sufficient in energy, significant local environmental problems, as well as falling Mory´n-Kucharczyk, E. -
Nutrient Profiling of Romanian Traditional Dishes—Prerequisite For
information Article Nutrient Profiling of Romanian Traditional Dishes—Prerequisite for Supporting the Flexitarian Eating Style Lelia Voinea * , Dorin Vicent, iu Popescu, Teodor Mihai Negrea and Răzvan Dina * The Faculty of Business and Tourism, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 010404 Bucharest, Romania; [email protected] (D.V.P.); [email protected] (T.M.N.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (L.V.); [email protected] (R.D.); Tel.: +40-748-210-425 (L.V.) Received: 25 September 2020; Accepted: 29 October 2020; Published: 2 November 2020 Abstract: Currently, most countries have to deal with multiple discrepancies that have arisen between the constraints of sustainable development and the return to traditions, involving food producers, as well as consumers, aspects that are also easily noticed in Romania. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional quality of the Romanian traditional diet using a nutrient profiling method based on the Nutri-Score algorithm, applied to several representative Romanian traditional dishes. Because this algorithm has the capacity to highlight the amount (%) of fruits, vegetables, and nuts from a certain dish, it might be considered an indicator of the sustainable valences of the selected meals. The results showed that the traditional menus do not correspond to a balanced and sustainable eating behavior; thus, it is recommended to improve the Romanian pattern of food consumption and to ensure its sustainable basis. In order to achieve this goal, we propose the development of a new paradigm of the contemporary Romanian food style incorporating three main directions of action: acceptance, adaptation, and transformation.