AMD Opteron™ 4000 Series Platform Quick Reference Guide
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Hypertransport Extending Technology Leadership
HyperTransport Extending Technology Leadership International HyperTransport Symposium 2009 February 11, 2009 Mario Cavalli General Manager HyperTransport Technology Consortium Copyright HyperTransport Consortium 2009 HyperTransport Extending Technology Leadership HyperTransport and Consortium Snapshot Industry Status and Trends HyperTransport Leadership Role February 11, 2009 Mario Cavalli General Manager HyperTransport Technology Consortium Copyright HyperTransport Consortium 2009 HyperTransport Snapshot Low Latency, High Bandwidth, High Efficiency Point-to-Point Interconnect Leadership CPU-to-I/O CPU-to-CPU CPU-to-Coprocessor Copyright HyperTransport Consortium 2009 Adopted by Industry Leaders in Widest Range of Applications than Any Other Interconnect Technology Copyright HyperTransport Consortium 2009 Snapshot Formed 2001 Controls, Licenses, Promotes HyperTransport as Royalty-Free Open Standard World Technology Leaders among Commercial and Academic Members Newly Elected President Mike Uhler VP Accelerated Computing Advanced Micro Devices Copyright HyperTransport Consortium 2009 Industry Status and Trends Copyright HyperTransport Consortium 2009 Global Economic Downturn Tough State of Affairs for All Industries Consumer Markets Crippled with Long-Term to Recovery Commercial Markets Strongly Impacted Copyright HyperTransport Consortium 2009 Consequent Business Focus Cost Effectiveness No Redundancy Frugality Copyright HyperTransport Consortium 2009 Downturn Breeds Opportunities Reinforced Need for More Optimized, Cost-Effective Computing -
A Unified Memory Network Architecture for In-Memory
A Unified Memory Network Architecture for In-Memory Computing in Commodity Servers Jia Zhan∗, Itir Akgun∗, Jishen Zhao†, Al Davis‡, Paolo Faraboschi‡, Yuangang Wang§, and Yuan Xie∗ ∗University of California, Santa Barbara †University of California, Santa Cruz ‡HP Labs §Huawei Abstract—In-memory computing is emerging as a promising largely residing in main memory, they also pose significant paradigm in commodity servers to accelerate data-intensive challenges in DRAM scaling, especially for memory capacity. processing by striving to keep the entire dataset in DRAM. To If the large dataset cannot fit entirely in memory, it has to address the tremendous pressure on the main memory system, discrete memory modules can be networked together to form a be spilled to disk, thus causing sub-optimal performance due memory pool, enabled by recent trends towards richer memory to disk I/O contention. Unfortunately, with the current DDRx interfaces (e.g. Hybrid Memory Cubes, or HMCs). Such an inter- based memory architecture, the scaling of DRAM capacity memory network provides a scalable fabric to expand memory falls far behind the growth of dataset size of in-memory capacity, but still suffers from long multi-hop latency, limited computing applications [12]. A straightforward approach to bandwidth, and high power consumption—problems that will continue to exacerbate as the gap between interconnect and increase memory capacity is to add more CPU sockets for transistor performance grows. Moreover, inside each memory additional memory channels. However, this will introduce module, an intra-memory network (NoC) is typically employed to significant hardware cost [13]. Moreover, in a multi-socket connect different memory partitions. -
Introduction to AGP-8X
W H I T E P A P E R Introduction to AGP-8X Allan Chen Jessie Johnson Angel Suhrstedt ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES, INC. One AMD Place Sunnyvale, CA 94088 Page 1 Introduction to AGP-8X May 10, 2002 W H I T E P A P E R Background Tremendous efforts have been made to improve computing system performance through increases in CPU processing power; however, I/O bottlenecks throughout the computing platform can limit the system performance. To eliminate system bottlenecks, AMD has been working with industry leaders to implement innovative technologies including AGP, DDR SDRAM, USB2.0, and HyperTransport™ technology. This white paper will provide an overview of the latest graphics subsystem innovation: AGP-8X. Introduction The Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) was developed as a high-performance graphics interface. It alleviates the PCI graphics bottleneck by providing high bandwidth throughput and direct access to system memory. The new AGP3.0 specification adds an 8X mode definition, which doubles the maximum data transfer rate from the previous high reached with AGP-4X by doubling the amount of data transferred per AGP bus cycle. Figure 1 shows the graphic interface bandwidth performance evolution from PCI to AGP-8X. In this figure, AGP3.0 refers to the specific AGP interface specification. AGP-1X, AGP-2X, AGP-4X and AGP-8X represent the data transfer speed mode. Graphics Interface Peak Bandwidth 2500 2000 1500 1000 Bandwidth (MB/s) 500 0 PCI AGP1X AGP2X AGP4X AGP8X AGP 1.0 Specification AGP 2.0 Specification AGP 3.0 Specification Figure 1: Available bandwidth of different graphic interfaces. -
An FPGA Based Verification Platform for Hypertransport 3.X
An FPGA based Verification Platform for HyperTransport 3.x Heiner Litz Holger Froening Maximilian Thuermer Ulrich Bruening University of Heidelberg Computer Architecture Group Germany {heiner.litz, holger.froening, ulrich.bruening}@ziti.uni-heidelberg.de ABSTRACT ware (HW/SW) co-verification Field Programmable Gate In this paper we present a verification platform designed Arrays (FPGAs) have several advantages compared to for HyperTransport 3.x (HT3) applications. It is intended to Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools. FPGAs allow be used in computing environments in which it is directly to run prototypes in real world environments, in which both connected over a HyperTransport link to the main CPUs. hardware modules and software layers can be verified in an No protocol conversions or intermediate bridges are neces- early prototyping stage. However, the drawback is that sary, which results in a very low latency. An FPGA tech- FPGA-based verification platforms have to be specially nology is chosen due to of its reconfigurability. The main designed for certain applications, in particular if the appli- challenge of this work is the implementation of an HT3 cation is based on a new technology. link using FPGA technology. We provide a design space The verification platform presented here connects to a exploration in order to find the most suitable I/O technol- HyperTransport (HT) link. HyperTransport 2.x (HT2) ogy. This includes verification of the HyperTransport-spe- [1][2] is an established technology for chip-to-chip connec- cific signal levelling, the development of an I/O tions offering a very low latency and a high bandwidth. It is architecture supporting a link width of up to 16 lanes with used in all major AMD processors, including the Opteron source synchronous clocking and a clocking scheme to [3]. -
AMD's Early Processor Lines, up to the Hammer Family (Families K8
AMD’s early processor lines, up to the Hammer Family (Families K8 - K10.5h) Dezső Sima October 2018 (Ver. 1.1) Sima Dezső, 2018 AMD’s early processor lines, up to the Hammer Family (Families K8 - K10.5h) • 1. Introduction to AMD’s processor families • 2. AMD’s 32-bit x86 families • 3. Migration of 32-bit ISAs and microarchitectures to 64-bit • 4. Overview of AMD’s K8 – K10.5 (Hammer-based) families • 5. The K8 (Hammer) family • 6. The K10 Barcelona family • 7. The K10.5 Shanghai family • 8. The K10.5 Istambul family • 9. The K10.5-based Magny-Course/Lisbon family • 10. References 1. Introduction to AMD’s processor families 1. Introduction to AMD’s processor families (1) 1. Introduction to AMD’s processor families AMD’s early x86 processor history [1] AMD’s own processors Second sourced processors 1. Introduction to AMD’s processor families (2) Evolution of AMD’s early processors [2] 1. Introduction to AMD’s processor families (3) Historical remarks 1) Beyond x86 processors AMD also designed and marketed two embedded processor families; • the 2900 family of bipolar, 4-bit slice microprocessors (1975-?) used in a number of processors, such as particular DEC 11 family models, and • the 29000 family (29K family) of CMOS, 32-bit embedded microcontrollers (1987-95). In late 1995 AMD cancelled their 29K family development and transferred the related design team to the firm’s K5 effort, in order to focus on x86 processors [3]. 2) Initially, AMD designed the Am386/486 processors that were clones of Intel’s processors. -
SMBIOS Specification
1 2 Document Identifier: DSP0134 3 Date: 2019-10-31 4 Version: 3.4.0a 5 System Management BIOS (SMBIOS) Reference 6 Specification Information for Work-in-Progress version: IMPORTANT: This document is not a standard. It does not necessarily reflect the views of the DMTF or its members. Because this document is a Work in Progress, this document may still change, perhaps profoundly and without notice. This document is available for public review and comment until superseded. Provide any comments through the DMTF Feedback Portal: http://www.dmtf.org/standards/feedback 7 Supersedes: 3.3.0 8 Document Class: Normative 9 Document Status: Work in Progress 10 Document Language: en-US 11 System Management BIOS (SMBIOS) Reference Specification DSP0134 12 Copyright Notice 13 Copyright © 2000, 2002, 2004–2019 DMTF. All rights reserved. 14 DMTF is a not-for-profit association of industry members dedicated to promoting enterprise and systems 15 management and interoperability. Members and non-members may reproduce DMTF specifications and 16 documents, provided that correct attribution is given. As DMTF specifications may be revised from time to 17 time, the particular version and release date should always be noted. 18 Implementation of certain elements of this standard or proposed standard may be subject to third party 19 patent rights, including provisional patent rights (herein "patent rights"). DMTF makes no representations 20 to users of the standard as to the existence of such rights, and is not responsible to recognize, disclose, 21 or identify any or all such third party patent right, owners or claimants, nor for any incomplete or 22 inaccurate identification or disclosure of such rights, owners or claimants. -
Six-Core AMD Opteron™ Processor with AMD
AMD最新テクノロジーアップデート -HPCへの取り組み- 日本AMD株式会社 マーケティング&ビジネス開発本部 エンタープライズプロダクトマーケティング部 部長 山野 洋幸 AMD’s HPC Product Portfolio Energy efficient CPU and discrete GPU processors focused on addressing the most demanding HPC workloads Multi-core x86 Processors • Outstanding Performance • Superior Scalability • Enhanced Power Efficiency Professional Graphics • 3D Accelerators For Visualization • See More and Do More with Your Data ATI Stream Computing • GPU Optimized For Computation • Massive Data-parallel Processing • High Performance Per Watt 2 | AMD HPC Product Portfolio Update @ SC’09 | November 30, 2009 For more information be sure to visit AMD at SC’09 booth #1417 AMD’s HPC Product Portfolio Energy efficient CPU and discrete GPU processors focused on addressing the most demanding HPC workloads Multi-core x86 Processors • Outstanding Performance • Superior Scalability • Enhanced Power Efficiency Professional Graphics • 3D Accelerators For Visualization • See More and Do More with Your Data ATI Stream Computing • GPU Optimized For Computation • Massive Data-parallel Processing • High Performance Per Watt 3 | AMD HPC Product Portfolio Update @ SC’09 | November 30, 2009 For more information be sure to visit AMD at SC’09 booth #1417 Planned Server Platform Roadmap 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 “Maranello” Socket G34 with AMD SR56x0 and SP5100 Magny-Cours New Architecture Six-Core AMD Opteron™ Processor with AMD way Chipset - Socket F(1207) with AMD SR56x0 and SP5100 Shanghai/Istanbul Platform 2/4 Enterprise Enterprise “Socket F (1207)” Socket F(1207) -
Lista Sockets.Xlsx
Data de Processadores Socket Número de pinos lançamento compatíveis Socket 0 168 1989 486 DX 486 DX 486 DX2 Socket 1 169 ND 486 SX 486 SX2 486 DX 486 DX2 486 SX Socket 2 238 ND 486 SX2 Pentium Overdrive 486 DX 486 DX2 486 DX4 486 SX Socket 3 237 ND 486 SX2 Pentium Overdrive 5x86 Socket 4 273 março de 1993 Pentium-60 e Pentium-66 Pentium-75 até o Pentium- Socket 5 320 março de 1994 120 486 DX 486 DX2 486 DX4 Socket 6 235 nunca lançado 486 SX 486 SX2 Pentium Overdrive 5x86 Socket 463 463 1994 Nx586 Pentium-75 até o Pentium- 200 Pentium MMX K5 Socket 7 321 junho de 1995 K6 6x86 6x86MX MII Slot 1 Pentium II SC242 Pentium III (Cartucho) 242 maio de 1997 Celeron SEPP (Cartucho) K6-2 Socket Super 7 321 maio de 1998 K6-III Celeron (Socket 370) Pentium III FC-PGA Socket 370 370 agosto de 1998 Cyrix III C3 Slot A 242 junho de 1999 Athlon (Cartucho) Socket 462 Athlon (Socket 462) Socket A Athlon XP 453 junho de 2000 Athlon MP Duron Sempron (Socket 462) Socket 423 423 novembro de 2000 Pentium 4 (Socket 423) PGA423 Socket 478 Pentium 4 (Socket 478) mPGA478B Celeron (Socket 478) 478 agosto de 2001 Celeron D (Socket 478) Pentium 4 Extreme Edition (Socket 478) Athlon 64 (Socket 754) Socket 754 754 setembro de 2003 Sempron (Socket 754) Socket 940 940 setembro de 2003 Athlon 64 FX (Socket 940) Athlon 64 (Socket 939) Athlon 64 FX (Socket 939) Socket 939 939 junho de 2004 Athlon 64 X2 (Socket 939) Sempron (Socket 939) LGA775 Pentium 4 (LGA775) Pentium 4 Extreme Edition Socket T (LGA775) Pentium D Pentium Extreme Edition Celeron D (LGA 775) 775 agosto de -
AMD SP5100 Databook 44409 Rev
AMD SP5100 Databook Technical Reference Manual Rev. 1.70 P/N: 44409_sp5100_ds_pub © 2010 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. 42133 Trademarks AMD, the AMD Arrow logo, Opteron, and combinations thereof are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. PCI Express is a registered trademark of PCI-SIG. USB is a registered trademark of USB Corporation. Other product names used in this publication are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective companies. Disclaimer The contents of this document are provided in connection with Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. ("AMD") products. AMD makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication and reserves the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time without notice. No license, whether express, implied, arising by estoppel, or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights are granted by this publication. Except as set forth in AMD's Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale, AMD assumes no liability whatsoever, and disclaims any express or implied warranty, relating to its products including, but not limited to, the implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or infringement of any intellectual property right. AMD's products are not designed, intended, authorized or warranted for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or in other applications intended to support or sustain life, or in any other application in which the failure of AMD's product could create a situation where personal injury, death, or severe property or environmental damage may occur. -
AMD-XXXX(Tm) Device Data Sheet
AMD Product Brief - Preliminary Information AMD-8132TM HyperTransportTM PCI-X® 2.0 Tunnel Product Overview The AMD-8132TM HyperTransportTM PCI-X® 2.0 tunnel developed by AMD provides two PCI-X bridges designed to support PCI-X 266 transfer rates1.. The AMD-8132 tunnel is compliant with HyperTransportTM I/O Link Specification, Rev 2.0 including errata up to specification Rev 1.05c. The package is a 31 x 31 millimeter, 829 ball, flip-chip organic BGA. The core is 1.2 volts. Power dissipation is 7 watts. HyperTransportTM Features: PCI-X® Features: • HyperTransport tunnel with side 0, 16-bit input/ • Two PCI-X bridges: bridge A and bridge B. 16-bit output; and side 1, 16-bit input/16-bit • Each bridge supports a 64-bit data bus. output. • Each bridge supports Mode 1 PCI-X and • Either side can connect to the host or to a Conventional PCI protocol. Each bridge is downstream HyperTransport technology designed to support Mode 2 operation.1. compliant device. • In PCI-X Mode 2, bridges are designed to support transfer rates of 266 and 200 MHz.1. • Each side supports HyperTransport technology- defined reduced bit widths: 8-bit, 4-bit, and 2-bit. • In PCI-X Mode 1, bridges support transfer rates of 133, 100, 66, and 50 MHz. • Each side supports transfer rates of 2000, 1600, • In PCI mode, bridges support transfer rates of 1200, 1000, 800, and 400 mega-bits per second 66, 50, 33, and 25 MHz. per wire. • Independent transfer rates and operational • Maximum bandwidth is 8 gigabytes per second modes for each bridge. -
Dell EMC Poweredge R240 Technical Guide
Dell EMC PowerEdge R240 Technical Guide Regulatory Model: E57S Series Regulatory Type: E57S001 June 2021 Rev. A03 Notes, cautions, and warnings NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product. CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem. WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death. © 2018 2021 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners. Contents Chapter 1: Product overview......................................................................................................... 5 Introduction...........................................................................................................................................................................5 New technologies................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Chapter 2: System features...........................................................................................................7 Product comparison............................................................................................................................................................ 7 Product specifications........................................................................................................................................................8 -
2.2 Memory Hierarchies for Reconfigurable
Computer Engineering 2010 Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft The Netherlands http://ce.et.tudelft.nl/ MSc THESIS General Purpose Computing with Reconfigurable Acceleration Anthony Arthur Courtenay Brandon Abstract In this thesis we describe a new generic approach for accelerating software functions using a reconfigurable device connected through a high-speed link to a general purpose system. In order for our solu- tion to be generic, as opposed to related ISA extension approaches, we insert system calls into the original program to control the re- configurable accelerator using a compiler plug-in. We define specific mechanisms for the communication between the reconfigurable de- vice, the host general purpose processor and the main memory. The reconfigurable device is controlled by the host through system calls provided by the device driver, and initiates communication by raising interrupts; it further has direct accesses to the main memory (DMA) operating in the virtual address space. To do so, the reconfigurable device supports address translation, while the driver serves the de- vice interrupts, ensures that shared data in the host-cache remain coherent, and handles memory protection and paging. The system is implemented using a machine which provides a HyperTransport CE-MS-2010-28 bus connecting a Xilinx Virtex4-100 FPGA to the host. We evaluate alternative design choices of our proposal using an AES application and accelerating its most computationally intensive function. Our experimental results show that our solution is up to 5 faster than × software