NINEWA IOM Displacement Assessments GOVERNORATE PROFILE SEPT 2009

IOM IDP AND RETURNEE ASSESSMENT Iraq has a long history of displacement, JULY 2009 culminating most recently in the February 2006 bombing of the Samarra Al-Askari NINEWA: DISPLACEMENT AT A GLANCE Mosque. Due primarily to sectarian violence, 1.6 million people were internally Governorate Statistics 1 displaced, chiefly in 2006 and 2007, Total post-Feb 2006 IDPs 19,040 families (est. 106,623 individuals) 2 2 according to government figures. Total pre-Feb 2006 IDPs 6,572 families (est. 39,432 individuals) Number of post-Feb 2006 IDPs 12,546 families (est. 75,276 individuals) 3 assessed by IOM IOM field monitoring teams assess the Returnees4 1700 families (est. 10,200 individuals) varying needs and challenges of IDP and Capital Mosul returnee communities across the eighteen Districts Al-Ba`aj, Hatra, Shekhan, Sinjar, Telafar, Tilkaif, Al- Iraqi governorates. These comprehensive Hamdaniya, Mosul, Al-Shikhan assessments of internally displaced persons Population5 2,811,091 individuals (IDPs) and returnees are conducted through Rapid Assessment questionnaires in conjunction with Iraqi authorities and other As with the governorate itself, the internally displaced person (IDP) national and international actors. population in Ninewa is diverse. A large portion of post-2006 IDP minority families live there, including Kurds, Christians, Turkmen, and Yazidis. Most IOM seeks to ascertain and disseminate were displaced in 2006 due to sectarian violence, and about half would like to detailed information about IDP and return, security permitting. Intentions of IOM-assessed IDPs in Ninewa are returnee needs and conditions in each diverse, depending on current location and background. governorate. A greater understanding of displacement and return in Iraq is intended Ninewa’s continued security problems also make the governorate a unique to facilitate policy making, prioritizing areas case, along with a considerable drought-affected displaced population in the of operation, and planning emergency and south of the province. long-term responses.

To date, IOM has assessed 223,898 IDP Quick Facts on Ninewa IDPs & Returnees families and identified 55,007 returnee families. Of these returnee families, 3,679 have participated in IOM in-depth needs ¾ IOM field monitors assessment interviews. Unless otherwise have identified 1,700 stated, all data in the profile is based on returnee families IOM-assessed populations.

(approximately 10,200 IOM’s Recommendations for individuals) in Ninewa Projects in Ninewa governorate. An income gener ation project ¾ IDP families overwhelmingly providing sewing training and cite access to employment materials to female-headed and legal help as their households priority needs, along with shelter and food.

¾ 47% of Ninewa IDPs assessed by IOM have been Displacement to Ninewa displaced from their homes within the governorate

1 As per Ministry of Displacement and Migration. 2 As per IOM Phase II Monitoring, December 2005. 3 Please note that this is the number of post-February 2006 IDPs assessed by IOM, not the total number of IDPs in the governorate. 4 IOM Iraq’s Joint Operations Cell maintains a As per IOM Returnee Assessments, July 2009. 5 database of project recommendations As per the Iraq Living Conditions Survey, UNDP and Ministry of Planning and Development submitted by IOM field monitors and others Cooperation, 2004. working in Iraq. Email:

[email protected]

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION

NINEWA’S DISPLACED: WHO ARE THEY? Number of IDPs in Ninewa by District District Number Percentage According to IOM assessments, more than two-thirds of Ninewa’s of Families IDP families are members of Iraq’s minority communities, including Ninewa Total 12747 100% Christians, Turkmen, Kurds, and others. The mixed ethnic and Mosul 4826 37.9% religious composition of the governorate, along with disputed Tilkaif 3173 24.9% territories in the north, make Ninewa one of the most volatile areas in Al-Hamdaniya 2752 21.6% the country and a complex, difficult place to be displaced. Al-Ba'aj 458 3.6%

Telafar 458 3.6% The majority of displacement to and within Ninewa occurred in 2006 and early 2007. There was a spike in displacement in late 2008 when Akre 421 3.3% threats to Christians caused thousands of Christian families to flee Shekhan 407 3.2% Mosul to surrounding areas and into the Kurdish Regional Sinjar 159 1.2% Government (KRG) territory. Al-Shikhan 65 0.5% Hatra 28 0.2% IDP families in Ninewa are primarily from within the governorate and from Baghdad, having fled sectarian threats and general fighting. IDP Governorate of Origin Ninewa 47.2% Baghdad 42.8% Basrah 6.1% IDP & Returnee Locations in Ninewa. Diyala 1.1% See final page for detail. Other 2.8%

Reasons for Being Targeted Ninewa All Iraq Belonging to a certain religion or 57.5% 84.8% sect Do not think the group was 32.2% 10.9% targeted Holding a certain political opinion 0.7% 5.1%

Belonging to a certain ethnic 2.4% 4.8% group Belonging to a certain social group 0.2% 1.3%

Religion and Ethnicity in Ninewa District Assyrian- Arab- Turkmen- Chaldean- Arab- Kurd- Turkmen Arab- Kurd- Turkmen Christian Sunni Sunni Christian Shia Sunni -Christian Yazidi Yazidi -Shia Muslim Muslim Muslim Muslim Muslim

All Ninewa 36.2% 27.4% 16.9% 10.0% 1.2% 4.3% 0.7% 0.3% 0.2% 2.7% Akre 0.7% 19.5% 77.9% 0.7% 0.2% Al-Ba'aj 98.7% 1.3% 0.0% Al-Hamdaniya 72.7% 1.4% 7.6% 15.3% 0.7% 0.6% 0.9% 0.6% Al-Shikhan 41.5% 30.8% 0.0% 27.7% Hatra 100.0% 0.0% Mosul 0.6% 58.2% 31.0% 3.5% 2.0% 0.1% 0.2% 4.2% Shekhan 34.4% 0.2% 25.0% 3.4% 35.1% 0.7% 0.7% 0.5% Sinjar 44.7% 0.0% 15.7% 39.6% Telafar 2.0% 30.3% 43.7% 5.0% 9.4% 0.0% 9.6% Tilkaif 76.0% 0.6% 0.4% 20.7% 0.1% 1.7% 0.4%

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION

NINEWA: IDP DEMOGRAPHICS Percentage of Female Headed Households (by district) Due to the nature of the sectarian violence in Iraq and conditions District Percentage of displacement, a significant number of IDP households in Total 3.9% Ninewa are headed by women. Female-headed households are Akre 0.0% among the most vulnerable IDP families, as they often have no Al-Ba'aj 0.4% steady income and cannot advocate for themselves with regard to Al-Hamdaniya 2.6% social and bureaucratic issues. Al-Shikhan 0.0% Hatra 25.0% Out of those assessed, 56% of IDPs are under the age of 18. The Mosul 6.1% challenges for this young IDP population are to provide adequate Shekhan 2.2% educational outlets as well as food, shelter, and economic Sinjar 10.7% support. Telafar 8.7%

Tilkaif 1.7% IDP Future Intentions in Ninewa

Overall, the majority of IDP families in Ninewa assessed by IOM (54%) reported that they would like to return to their places of Ninewa IDPs by Age and Gender origin, given security and other necessary conditions. Another Female Male Total 38% would like to resettle. Notably, only 7% of IDP families Under 1 year 647 744 1391 said that they would like to integrate into their current places of 1 to 4 years old 1555 1850 3405 displacement. This is much lower than the national average of 5-17 years old 3006 3353 6359 22% who would like to locally integrate. 18-60 4034 4628 8662 Over 60 570 638 1208 However, intentions vary considerably among the diverse groups of IDPs currently residing in Ninewa. For example, in Akre and Al Shikhan districts, more than three- quarters would like to integrate permanently into their current places of displacement. These areas make up part of the disputed internal boundaries between the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) and the Iraq central government. The IDP families living in these areas are predominantly Christians and Kurds.

In contrast, the 159 IDPs assessed by IOM in Sinjar district are primarily Turkmen and Yazidi families. All reported that they do not wish to stay in their current locations, and most (72%) wish to return. They would return within Ninewa. In addition, more than 10% of these families have a woman as the primary breadwinner.

Those who wish to return would do so within Ninewa and to Baghdad, specifically Karkh and Resafa districts.

Ninewa IDP Settlement Intentions District Locally integrate in Resettle in a Return to Waiting on one or the current location third location their place of several factors to origin make a decision Ninewa total 6.9% 37.5% 53.9% 1.5% Akre 76.7% 22.1% 1.2% 0.0% Of those that intend to Al-Ba'aj 0.0% 75.8% 3.7% 20.5% return, to which governorate would you return? Al-Hamdaniya 0.7% 27.2% 71.8% 0.0% Ninewa 35.1% Al-Shikhan 84.6% 15.4% 0.0% 0.0% Baghdad 53.7% Hatra 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Basrah 7.4% Mosul 1.6% 44.4% 53.3% 0.5% Other 3.8% Shekhan 42.0% 32.7% 24.8% 0.0%

Sinjar 0.0% 28.3% 71.7% 0.0% Telafar 0.4% 58.1% 41.5% 0.0%

Tilkaif 7.4% 30.5% 59.7% 2.4%

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION

NINEWA’S DISPLACED PERSONS: LIVING CONDITIONS AND PRIORITY NEEDS Employment Ninewa All Iraq At least one member of the 21.1% 32.8 % family has a job Along with a tense security situation and recently increasing None of the members has a 78.9% 67.2 % job violence, IDPs in Ninewa also face high unemployment (79%) and inconstistent PDS access. More than one-third have less PDS Access Ninewa All Iraq than three hours of electricity per day. Sometimes 79.1% 20.1% Not at all 8.4% 46.2% More than three-quarters of IOM-assessed IDPs in Ninewa live Yes, always 12.4% 33.6% in rented housing, and another 12% live in the house of a host community member, usually a relative. High rents combined Electricity Ninewa All Iraq with lack of income make securing housing difficult for IDP No Electricity 4.9% 4.8% families in Ninewa. 1-3 hours per day 41.8% 31.2% Four or more hours per day 51.8% 63.2% IDP families overwhelmingly cite access to employment and legal Water Source Ninewa All Iraq help as their priority needs, along with shelter and food. Legal Municipal water (underground 92.0% 88.8% help is listed mostly by IDP families in Tilkaif, Telafar, Al pipes) Hamdaniya, and Mosul districts. In Al Ba’aj district, families Water tanks / trucks 51.5% 26.1% displaced by drought are focused on the need for water. IOM Public Wells 11.4% 11.3% monitors have assessed 1,250 families in Al Ba’aj district Open / broken pipe 9.3% 12.1% displaced due to drought. Rivers, streams or lakes 7.8% 12.5% Other Sources 1.5% 3.4%

Living Structure (by district) District Former Collective Town Tent near Public building Host house Rented Other Military Settlement house of host house Camp Total 0.1% 1.6% 0.6% 1.0% 12.2% 76.5% 7.8% Akre 0.0% 16.6% 0.0% 0.0% 3.6% 61.5% 18.3% Al-Ba'aj 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 10.9% 29.3% 55.5% Al-Hamdaniya 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 2.2% 13.5% 83.1% 0.8% Al-Shikhan 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.2% 93.8% Hatra 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 25.0% 0.0% 46.4% 28.6% Mosul 0.2% 0.0% 0.7% 0.8% 10.3% 83.0% 4.9% Shekhan 0.0% 12.0% 0.7% 0.0% 14.3% 57.5% 15.5% Sinjar 0.0% 0.0% 15.7% 0.0% 16.4% 57.2% 10.7% Telafar 0.0% 3.3% 0.4% 0.0% 18.6% 65.1% 12.7% Tilkaif 0.0% 1.9% 0.6% 0.7% 14.2% 76.4% 6.3%

Priority Needs of Ninewa IDPs s 90.4% 84.1% milie ed a e F N P g 47.6%

n 43.2% D i y I f f i t o 10.8% t 8.6% 5.6% en 2.5% n 1.3% d e I c r e P er er d n h rk lp e er t lt o io lt o n h t a w e Wa he Fo a l he gi Ot S uc He a s to eg Hy Ed s L ce Ac

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION

NINEWA’S RETURNEES

Returnee numbers in Ninewa by District Current Returnees in Ninewa District Number of Percentage IOM field monitors have identified 1,700 returnee families Families (approximately 10,200 individuals) in Ninewa governorate. Of Total Ninewa 1700 100% these, monitors have conducted in-depth assessment Telafar 1345 79.1% interviews with 654 families. Mosul 5382 20.7% Sinjar 1 0.1% Return in Ninewa is concentrated in Mosul and Telafar Al Hamdaniya 1 0.1% districts. IOM-assessed returnee families in Mosul are almost exclusively Assyrian Christians who reported that they came home for the 1 million Iraqi Dinar (IQD) grant. Assessed returnee families in Telafar are 76% Turkmen Sunni Muslims and 24% Arab Sunni Muslims. These families said that they returned due to difficult conditions in displacement.

Priority needs as stated by returnee families in Ninewa are fuel, access to employment, and legal help. Health and hygiene are also serious concerns.

RETURN POTENTIAL IDPs Originally from Ninewa are located in: Governorate # Families Percentage Future Returns in Ninewa Ninewa 6011 42.8% After Baghdad and Diyala governorates, Ninewa represents one of Erbil 3012 21.4% the most significant places of origin for post-2006 IDPs assessed by IOM. IDPs displaced from Ninewa are primarily located within Dahuk 2029 14.4% the governorate itself or in Erbil, Dahuk, or Kirkuk. 42% would Kirkuk 1608 11.4% like to return, security permitting, while 33% wish to resettle in a Salah al-Din 332 2.4% third location. Kerbala 311 2.2% Najaf 183 1.3% What are the Intentions of those displaced FROM Ninewa? Anbar 177 1.3% Displaced in Locally Resettle in Return to Waiting Baghdad 142 1.0% integrate a third their place on one or Sulaymaniyah 108 0.8% in the location of origin several current factors to Muthanna 44 0.3% location make a Thi-Qar 40 0.3% decision Babylon 14 0.1% Total From Ninewa 32.5% 32.5% 42.2% 1.5% Basrah 14 0.1% Anbar 0.0% 7.9% 92.1% 0.0% Missan 11 0.1% Babylon 21.4% 71.4% 7.1% 0.0% Qadissiya 6 0.0% Baghdad 34.5% 9.2% 54.9% 0.0% Diyala 3 0.0% Basrah 71.4% 21.4% 0.0% 7.1% Ninewa 6011 42.8% Dahuk 51.5% 24.5% 23.9% 0.1% Total Assessed 14,045 100% Diyala 33.3% 0.0% 66.7% 0.0% Erbil 31.9% 23.2% 44.6% 0.1% Many IDPs displaced within Ninewa would like Kerbala 41.8% 31.5% 25.4% 1.3% to stay in Ninewa – 40% would like to return to Missan 9.1% 36.4% 45.5% 9.1% their homes, and another 11% intend to Muthanna 11.4% 34.1% 54.5% 0.0% integrate into their current locations. Intention Najaf 6.0% 0.0% 94.0% 0.0% to return is high for families displaced to Kirkuk, as well. Ninewa 10.8% 47.2% 40.1% 1.9%

Qadissiya 33.3% 16.7% 50.0% 0.0% In the future, Ninewa could receive several Salah al-Din 15.1% 69.0% 16.0% 0.0% thousand returnee families. For the moment Sulaymaniyah 38.0% 6.5% 55.6% 0.0% most IDPs originating from the governorate Kirkuk 23.3% 6.7% 64.9% 5.1% report that they are waiting for security to Thi-Qar 10.0% 77.5% 12.5% 0.0% improve before they will consider return.

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION

ADRESSING IDP AND RETURNEE NEEDS

IOM Iraq’s Joint Operations Cell (JOC) works to mitigate emergency needs while looking at sustainable measures such as income-generating activities as part of the transition from relief to recovery.

November 2008 – Distribution of blankets, heaters, stoves, hygiene kits, and kitchen sets to 67 vulnerable IDP families in Mosul

This grant provided assistance to 67 identified vulnerable IDP families with NFIs (blankets, kerosene heaters and stove, hygiene kits and kitchen sets). The intervention addressed the displacement caused by sectarian violence in Mosul on 7th Oct 2008 that forced families to flee from their homes to other districts and governorates.

RECOMMENDED FUTURE PROJECTS IN NINEWA IOM Ongoing and Recently Completed Projects in Ninewa IOM’s Joint Operations Cell (JOC) maintains a database of project August 2008 – Installing a recommendations submitted by IOM field monitors and others working in generator in Giradassen tent camp Iraq. Along with those on the first page, the following are also applicable in in Akre Ninewa:

August 2008 – Providing 334 oxygen cylinders and 67 inhalers to ¾ The facilitation of a health workshop to train locals to serve as midwives the Directorate of Health in and caretakers for pregnant women and infants Ninewa

November 2008 – Distribution of ¾ The construction of extensions to schools in Al-Hamdaniya district, blankets, heaters, stoves, hygiene especially near the Bartilla main road where 70 new IDP families have kits, and kitchen sets to 67 recently moved vulnerable IDP families in Mosul

February 2009 – Addressing the lack of water in drought affected ¾ The extension of the water network in the Maqloob area, including the areas in Akre through water provision of a generator trucking

February 2009 – Distribution of winter clothes to IDP and Host Community children in Shekhanok [email protected] Haji and Allaye villages in Akre

February 2009 - Drilling a deep well in Basawa Bjok village to provide Please note that displacement and return are occurring on a continuous basis, and IOM strives potable water to inhabitants to update this information as frequently as possible. Through its monitoring and needs assessments, IOM has also developed periodic displacement updates, yearly and mid-year April 2009 – Providing two schools reviews, returnee needs assessments, and other reports. For these and information on the with desks and whiteboards in Al- IOM’s needs assessment methodology, see http://www.iom-iraq.net/idp.html.

Hamdaniya village For further information on IDPs and returnees in Iraq, please contact Rex Alamban, Head of IOM Iraq Joint Operations Cell at [email protected] or Liana Paris, IOM Monitoring Officer, at [email protected] (+962 6 565 9660 extensions 1067 and 1033).

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION

NINEWA– IDP and Returnee Locations, AUGUST 2009 IOM DISPLACEMENT MONITORING 42°0'0"E 43°0'0"E 44°0'0"E AND NEEDS ASSESSMENTS

Turkey Turkey Legend IDP_Places D a h u k 37°0'0"N 37°0'0"N 1- 99

Kalinye 100 - 499 Azakh Beboze Blan Mrsidy (1) Rabeea Mamizdeen Atrush Mrsidy (2) Syria Shekh Hasin 500 - 999 Shekhan Goshina Akre Ain Zala Shekhan Bjil Zummar Janbur Alqosh Akre Qasrok Nahawa Karanjik Almaman Hizarjut 1000 - 1999 Sharafian Banasur Telafar Rovia Tal Usquf Al-Shikhan Sibaya Azzan Mala Brwan Ali Shana 2000 and more Wana Tilkaif Batnay Tilkef Zimzimuk Khelaki Daratu Bashiqa g Returnee locations Fadliya Second Abu Mariya Badush Barda Rash Zanganan Rashidia Talafar Hay Al Arabiy Bazwaya Mosul Basakrah Bartalah Sinjar Hamra Mosul Jadida Yarimja Sinjar Muhalabiya Hay Al Meadan Al-Hamdaniya Kalak Origin of IDPs in the governorate Al Hamdaniyah

Akadisya 2 Al salam Hamam al `Alil Al yarmouk Al mahala al westa Sumair Little Sumair Big Baja Mosul Rafa'iya Erbil 36°0'0"N Ninewa 36°0'0"N Farsiya

Khan

Rummana

Al Qayyarah

Hatra Al-Ba'aj

Hatra

Ta m e e m

35°0'0"N Salah al-Din 35°0'0"N Anbar

42°0'0"E 43°0'0"E 44°0'0"E