Mosul Al Area Based Assessment Telafar City
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MOSULTELAFAR AL CITY AREAAREA-BASED BASED ASSESSMENTASSESSMENT AUGUST - SEPTEMBER 2020 ABA | IRAQ Telafar city Telafar Area-Based Assessment (ABA) Produced by REACH Initiative (REACH). ABAs support the Community Resource Centre (CRC) Initiative, a partnership between the humanitarian community and the Government of Iraq's Joint Coordination and Monitoring Mechanism (JCMC). REACH facilitates the development of information tools and products that enhance the capacity of aid actors to make evidence-based decisions in emergency, recovery and development contexts. All REACH activities are conducted through inter-agency aid coordination mechanisms. All our reports, maps and factsheets are available on the REACH resource centre. For more information, visit our website at www.reach-initiative.org, follow us on Twitter: @REACH_info and Facebook: www.facebook.com/IMPACT.init or write to [email protected] 2 ABA | IRAQ EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Telafar city OVERVIEW Telafar city is located in Ninewa governorate, defined by limited commercial activity, a lack of between the 24th of August to 10th of September, due to movement restrictions and public health approximately 63 kilometers to the west of Mosul. capital by households and investors, and a lack of 2020, covering 55 key informant interviews (KIIs) considerations. As a result, household surveys The city’s population almost exclusively consists employment for job seekers.3 with 23 community leaders and 23 subject-matter were conducted by telephone, using a call list of Turkmen, including both Sunni and Shi’a. In experts (SMEs), as well as 707 household-level developed from CRC contact information. As a 2014, the city was taken by the group known as Though the majority of the city's pre-war surveys. result of this non-random sampling approach, the the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), population has returned, findings from previous representativeness of survey data is not known to an event that triggered mass displacement of assessments indicate that many households In addition, in a new approach compared to an exact confidence level and results should be households in the city and district.1 remain in displacement, and that many previous assessments5, the current ABA also treated as indicative only. households do not intend to imminently return as integrated a who, what, where, and when In 2017, after a second, smaller displacement a result of limited financial resources, damaged or (4W) component to assess the response and of households fleeing the impending fighting, destroyed homes, and fear of being perceived as programming of response actors across the city. Telefar was retaken. Since then, the majority affiliated with the group known as ISIL.4 The 4W component was conducted by ACTED, of the city’s pre-war population has returned, in its role as the lead agency of the Community along with displaced households from other As the context in Telafar city shifts from post-conflict Resource Center (CRC) and updates were areas of origin (i.e. in secondary displacement).2 to longer-term support for durable solutions, provided by implementing actors in Telafar. These households arrived to a city badly recovery, and development, detailed information damaged by years of conflict, which included on household needs and vulnerabilities, along Consistent with previous ABAs, REACH intended damaged or destroyed housing, the presence with the response of various actors, is crucial to to conduct all household surveys through of explosive hazards, as well as destruction of inform planning and activities. In support of these face-to-face interviews. However, the onset of key infrastructure, such as schools and health objectives and vision, REACH Initiative conducted the COVID-19 pandemic prevented REACH centers. They also face a constricted economy, an Area-Based Assessment (ABA) in Telafar city enumerators from accessing the city of Telafar 3 1 Middle East Research Institute (MERI). Turkmen in Telafar: Perceptions of Reconciliation and Conflict. July 2017. 2 International Organisation for Migration (IOM), Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM). Return Index: Dataset 10. October 2020. 3 Rise Foundation. Mosul and Tel Afar Context Analysis. December 2017. 4 REACH Initiative. Intentions Survey: IDP Areas of Origin. September 2020.5 REACH has previously conducted ABAs in the al Jadida and al Salam municipalities of Mosul, and the cities of al Fallujah, Hawija, Qaraqosh, and Telafar. ABA | IRAQ Telafar city KEY FINDINGS Since 2017, tens of thousands of displaced Demographics governorate prior to being displaced. Among • The vast majority of households (96%) households have returned and governmental and returnee households, the most commonly reported intending to stay in their current non-governmental actors have devoted significant • Telafar's population was found to be generally reported reason for returning to Telefar location in the six months following data efforts and resources to the city's recovery. young; 49% of household members were was a perceived stabilization of the security collection. However, some community Findings suggest that many services that had reportedly children (i.e. less than 18 years situation (85%), followed by the return of leaders (9/23) reported households in their been non-functional at the time the city was old) and more than two-thirds (69%) were other family or community members (61%) neighborhood had been re-displaced, which retaken were functioning and cover considerable under the age of 30. and the availability of livelihood options they mostly attributed to a lack of livelihood portions of the city’s population. (61%)*. opportunities. • Approximately 4% of household members However, the ABA findings indicate that the period were reported to have a disability. A further • The majority (16/23) of community leaders Priority Needs and Assistance of ISIL control has cast a long legacy. Basic 4% were found to be 60 years or older. reported that returnee households had services across several key sectors have yet settled in different areas within the city • The most commonly reported top three to reach pre-conflict levels - let alone meet key • The vast majority of households were male- than the ones they were residing prior to priority needs among assessed households household needs - and the ability of households headed (89%). Female heads of households their displacement. The most commonly in Telefar were food (62%), employment to meet their own needs remains precarious were reportedly more likely to be widowed, reported reason for this was the destruction (57%), and medical care (56%).* for many. The economy appears to not yet unemployed, and 40 years or older. of former homes. All community leaders have recovered. Non-governmental actors are (23/23) reported that there were households • Virtually all households (97%) reported not conducting, or planning to conduct, key programs • Overall, 93% of households identified as from their neighborhoods remaining in having received any type of assistance in the across various sectors, but additional support returnees, while the remaining 7% reportedly displacement due to unavailable livelihood six months prior to data collection. According from relevant authorities will be needed before full were internally displaced, virtually all of opportunities, destroyed homes, or fear of to households who had reportedly received recovery can be achieved. whom had reportedly been living in Ninewa being perceived as associated with ISIL. assistance (22), cash (14/22) and food * Respondents could provide multiple answers to this question. 4 ABA | IRAQ Telafar city assistance (10/22) were the most common While 71% of adult male household members • The agricultural sector and industrial the need for multiple streams of income to types of assistance received.* were reportedly employed, only 1% of adult activity were also reported by SMEs to be meet the cost of living, and/or dissatisfaction female household members were so. facing barriers to recovery. The damage with existing work. The most commonly • Further, only 6% of households reported to the agricultural sector during conflict, reported obstacles to access livelihoods having received any information on • Construction (34%) and small businesses the destruction of the machinery and the were increased competition/scarcity of jobs assistance from providers over the same (15%) were the most common employment contamination of lands with explosive (52% of households) and lack of connections period. Information on livelihoods (81%) sectors reported by households with at least remnants of war (ERW) had negatively (52%)*. Key informants added that job emerged as the most desired type of one adult member employed. One-quarter affected the production of barley, the primary seekers often lack sufficient skills for the information, followed by information on water (24%) of employed household members crop grown by Telafar farmers, who are available jobs. services (52%) and healthcare (50%).* were reported to be working in a different storing it in hopes purchases will resume. sector than before they were displaced, the Industrial activity has also diminished, owing • In the 30 days prior to data collection, 18% Livelihoods greatest share of whom reportedly previously to a lack of capital and inputs, as well as of households were assessed to have a worked in small businesses. SMEs added hesitance to invest owing to the security negative income-expenditure ratio, meaning • Overall, employment