DOCSLIB.ORG

Federal Register/Vol. 79, No. 11/Thursday, January 16, 2014

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Federal Register/Vol. 79, No. 11/Thursday, January 16, 2014 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 11 / Thursday, January 16, 2014 / Notices 2883 objects excavated from the Rudder site Dr. Thomas O. Maher, TVA, 400 West Schedule of the United States, that have have always been in the physical Summit Hill Drive, WT11D, Knoxville, been found by the Department of custody of the AMNH at the University TN 37902–1401, telephone (865) 632– Commerce (Commerce) to be sold in the of Alabama. The 205 unassociated 7458, email [email protected], by United States at less than fair value funerary objects are comprised of 1 February 18, 2014. After that date, if no (LTFV). ceramic bowl, 2 ceramic water bottles, additional claimants have come Background 199 pottery sherds, 2 pieces of graphite, forward, transfer of control of the and 1 sandstone pallet. unassociated funerary objects to The The Commission instituted this These unassociated funerary objects Muscogee (Creek) Nation may proceed. investigation effective November 15, were recovered from six burial features. TVA is responsible for notifying the 2012, following receipt of a petition The human remains from these burial University of Alabama and the filed with the Commission and features were either not collected during Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma; Commerce by Utah Refractories Corp., excavation or have been misplaced in Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas Lehi, UT. The final phase of the the last 74 years. These burial features, (previously listed as the Alabama- investigation was scheduled by the however, were derived from Henry Coushatta Tribes of Texas); Alabama- Commission following notification of a Island phase strata in the mounds at this Quassarte Tribal Town; Cherokee preliminary determination by site. These unassociated funerary Nation; Eastern Band of Cherokee Commerce that imports of silica bricks objects are, therefore, from Indians; Eastern Shawnee Tribe of and shapes from China were being sold Mississippian culture burials. Oklahoma; Kialegee Tribal Town; at LTFV within the meaning of section Although there is no scientific Poarch Band of Creeks (previously listed 733(b) of the Act (19 U.S.C. 1673b(b)). certainty that Native Americans of the as the Poarch Band of Creek Indians of Notice of the scheduling of the final Henry Island phase are directly related Alabama); Seminole Tribe of Florida phase of the Commission’s investigation to modern Federally recognized tribes, (previously listed as the Seminole Tribe and of a public hearing to be held in Spanish and French explorers of the of Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, connection therewith was given by 16th and 17th centuries do indicate the Hollywood & Tampa Reservations)); posting copies of the notice in the Office presence chiefdom level tribal entities Shawnee Tribe; The Chickasaw Nation; of the Secretary, U.S. International in the southeastern United States. The The Muscogee (Creek) Nation; The Trade Commission, Washington, DC, Coosa paramount chiefdom noted in Seminole Nation of Oklahoma; and by publishing the notice in the historical chronicles is the most likely Thlopthlocco Tribal Town; and the Federal Register of July 30, 2013 (78 FR entity related to Henry Island phase United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee 45968). The hearing was held in sites in this part of the Guntersville Indians in Oklahoma, that this notice Washington, DC, on November 21, 2013, Reservoir. Tribal groups or towns now has been published. and all persons who requested the opportunity were permitted to appear in part of The Muscogee (Creek) Nation Dated: December 2, 2013. claim descent from the Coosa chiefdom. person or by counsel. Melanie O’Brien, The preponderance of the evidence The Commission transmitted its Acting Manager, National NAGPRA Program. indicates that in this part of the determination in this investigation to Guntersville Reservoir area, Henry [FR Doc. 2014–00805 Filed 1–15–14; 8:45 am] the Secretary of Commerce on January 9, Island phase sites are most likely BILLING CODE 4312–50–P 2014. The views of the Commission are culturally associated with groups now contained in USITC Publication 4443 part of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation. (January 2014), entitled Silica Bricks INTERNATIONAL TRADE and Shapes from China: Investigation Determinations Made by the Tennessee COMMISSION No. 731–TA–1205 (Final). Valley Authority [Investigation No. 731–TA–1205 (Final)] Issued: January 10, 2014. Officials of TVA have determined By order of the Commission. that: Silica Bricks and Shapes From China Lisa R. Barton, • Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(B), Acting Secretary to the Commission. the 205 cultural items described in this Determination [FR Doc. 2014–00702 Filed 1–15–14; 8:45 am] notice are reasonably believed to have On the basis of the record 1 developed BILLING CODE 7020–02–P been placed with or near individual in the subject investigation, the United human remains at the time of death or States International Trade Commission later as part of the death rite or (Commission) determines, pursuant to INTERNATIONAL TRADE ceremony and are believed, by a section 735(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930 COMMISSION preponderance of the evidence, to have (19 U.S.C. 1673d(b)) (the Act), that an been removed from the specific burial industry in the United States is not [Investigation Nos. 701–TA–415 and 731– sites of a Native American individuals. materially injured or threatened with TA–933 and 934 (Second Review)] • Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there material injury, and the establishment of is a relationship of shared group Polyethylene Terephthalate Film, an industry in the United States is not Sheet, and Strip From India and identity that can be reasonably traced materially retarded, by reason of between the unassociated funerary Taiwan; Scheduling of Full Five-Year imports from China of silica bricks and Reviews Concerning the objects and The Muscogee (Creek) shapes, provided for in subheadings Nation. Countervailing Duty Order on 6902.20.10 (statistical reporting number Polyethylene Terephthalate Film, Additional Requestors and Disposition 6902.20.1020), 6902.20.50 (statistical Sheet, and Strip (‘‘PET Film’’) From reporting number 6902.20.5020), and Lineal descendants or representatives India and the Antidumping Duty Orders 6909.19.50 (statistical reporting number of any Federally recognized Indian tribe on PET Film From India and Taiwan 6909.19.5095) of the Harmonized Tariff not identified in this notice that wish to AGENCY: United States International claim these cultural items should 1 The record is defined in sec. 207.2(f) of the Trade Commission. submit a written request with Commission’s Rules of Practice and Procedure (19 ACTION: Notice. information in support of the claim to CFR 207.2(f)). VerDate Mar<15>2010 14:55 Jan 15, 2014 Jkt 232001 PO 00000 Frm 00071 Fmt 4703 Sfmt 4703 E:\FR\FM\16JAN1.SGM 16JAN1 ehiers on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES 2884 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 11 / Thursday, January 16, 2014 / Notices SUMMARY: The Commission hereby gives Commission’s rules, by 45 days after section 207.65 of the Commission’s notice of the scheduling of full reviews publication of this notice. A party that rules; the deadline for filing is May 12, pursuant to section 751(c)(5) of the filed a notice of appearance following 2014. Parties may also file written Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1675(c)(5)) publication of the Commission’s notice testimony in connection with their (the Act) to determine whether of institution of the reviews need not presentation at the hearing, as provided revocation of the countervailing duty file an additional notice of appearance. in section 207.24 of the Commission’s order on PET film from India and/or The Secretary will maintain a public rules, and posthearing briefs, which revocation of the antidumping duty service list containing the names and must conform with the provisions of orders on PET film from India and addresses of all persons, or their section 207.67 of the Commission’s Taiwan would be likely to lead to representatives, who are parties to the rules. The deadline for filing continuation or recurrence of material reviews. posthearing briefs is May 29, 2014. In injury within a reasonably foreseeable Limited disclosure of business addition, any person who has not time. The Commission has determined proprietary information (BPI) under an entered an appearance as a party to the to exercise its authority to extend the administrative protective order (APO) reviews may submit a written statement review period by up to 90 days pursuant and BPI service list. Pursuant to section of information pertinent to the subject of to 19 U.S.C. 1675(c)(5)(B). For further 207.7(a) of the Commission’s rules, the the reviews on or before May 29, 2014. information concerning the conduct of Secretary will make BPI gathered in On June 18, 2014, the Commission will this review and rules of general these reviews available to authorized make available to parties all information application, consult the Commission’s applicants under the APO issued in the on which they have not had an Rules of Practice and Procedure, part reviews, provided that the application is opportunity to comment. Parties may 201, subparts A through E (19 CFR part made by 45 days after publication of submit final comments on this 201), and part 207, subparts A, D, E, and this notice. Authorized applicants must information on or before June 20, 2014, F (19 CFR part 207). represent interested parties, as defined but such final comments must not DATES: Effective Date: January 6, 2014. by 19 U.S.C. 1677(9), who are parties to contain new factual information and the reviews. A party granted access to FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: must otherwise comply with section BPI following publication of the Cynthia Trainor (202–205–3354), Office 207.68 of the Commission’s rules.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • From the Mouths of Mississippian: Determining Biological Affinity Between the Oliver Site (22-Co-503) and the Hollywood Site (22-Tu-500)
    University of Mississippi eGrove Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2014 From The Mouths Of Mississippian: Determining Biological Affinity Between The Oliver Site (22-Co-503) And The Hollywood Site (22-Tu-500) Hanna Stewart University of Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Stewart, Hanna, "From The Mouths Of Mississippian: Determining Biological Affinity Between The Oliver Site (22-Co-503) And The Hollywood Site (22-Tu-500)" (2014). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 357. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/357 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FROM THE MOUTHS OF MISSISSIPPIAN: DETERMINING BIOLOGICAL AFFINITY BETWEEN THE OLIVER SITE (22-Co-503) AND THE HOLLYWOOD SITE (22-Tu-500) A Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology The University of Mississippi Hanna Stewart B.A. University of Arizona May 2014 Copyright Hanna Stewart 2014 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT The Mississippian period in the American Southeast was a period of immense interaction between polities as a result of vast trade networks, regional mating networks which included spousal exchange, chiefdom collapse, and endemic warfare. This constant interaction is reflected not only in the cultural materials but also in the genetic composition of the inhabitants of this area. Despite constant interaction, cultural restrictions prevented polities from intermixing and coalescent groups under the same polity formed subgroups grounded in their own identity as a result unique histories (Harle 2010; Milner 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • 7 Burial Descriptions
    King You are reading copyrighted material published by the University of Alabama Press. Any posting, copying, or distributing of this work beyond fair use as defined under U.S. Copyright law is illegal and injures the author and publisher. For permission to reuse this work, contact the University of Alabama Press. A Dan Josselyn Memorial Publication You are reading copyrighted material published by the University of Alabama Press. Any posting, copying, or distributing of this work beyond fair use as defined under U.S. Copyright law is illegal and injures the author and publisher. For permission to reuse this work, contact the University of Alabama Press. King The Social Archaeology of a Late Mississippian Town in Northwestern Georgia DAVID J. HALLY THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA PRESS Tuscaloosa You are reading copyrighted material published by the University of Alabama Press. Any posting, copying, or distributing of this work beyond fair use as defined under U.S. Copyright law is illegal and injures the author and publisher. For permission to reuse this work, contact the University of Alabama Press. Copyright © 2008 The University of Alabama Press Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0380 All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America Typeface: Minion ∞ The paper on which this book is printed meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences- Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Hally, David J. King : the social archaeology of a late Mississippian town in northwestern Georgia / David J. Hally. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index.
    [Show full text]
  • Proquest Dissertations
    Recalling Cahokia: Indigenous influences on English commercial expansion and imperial ascendancy in proprietary South Carolina, 1663-1721 Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Wall, William Kevin Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 06:16:12 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298767 RECALLING CAHOKIA: INDIGENOUS INFLUENCES ON ENGLISH COMMERCIAL EXPANSION AND IMPERIAL ASCENDANCY IN PROPRIETARY SOUTH CAROLINA, 1663-1721. by William kevin wall A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the AMERICAN INDIAN STUDIES PROGRAM In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2005 UMI Number: 3205471 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI UMI Microform 3205471 Copyright 2006 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Yuchi Indian Histories Before the Removal Era
    Yuchi Indian Histories Before the Removal Era Yuchi Indian Histories Before the Removal Era Edited and with an introduction by Jason Baird Jackson University of Nebraska Press Lincoln & London © 2012 by the Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yuchi Indian histories before the removal era / edited and with an introduction by Jason Baird Jackson. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-8032-4041-4 (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. Yuchi Indians—History. 2. Yuchi Indians—Social conditions. 3. Yuchi Indians—Social life and customs. I. Jackson, Jason Baird, 1969– e99.y9y83 2012 305.897'9—dc23 2012006240 Set in Sabon by Bob Reitz. figure 1. “An Indian woman weaving a basket of reed.” Pictured on the colonial frontier of Georgia in 1736 by Philip Georg Friedrich von Reck or someone in his retinue. nks 565 4º (Von Reck’s drawings), No. 48. The Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark. For discussion of this image and the collection from which it comes, see Hvidt, Von Reck’s Voyage, 112–13. The image is online at http://www.kb.dk/permalink/ 2006/manus/22/eng/No.+48/?var=. Dedicated to the Yuchi women whose long labors across five cen- turies—while barely observed by the colonial recorders whose ex- periences inform this volume—have helped insure a bright future for their people. For the support of its historical preservation efforts, the Euchee (Yu- chi) Tribe of Indians has been named as the direct beneficiary of any author royalties generated through the sale of this volume.
    [Show full text]
  • The Social Networks and Structural Variation of Mississippian Sociopolitics in the Southeastern SEE COMMENTARY United States
    The social networks and structural variation of Mississippian sociopolitics in the southeastern SEE COMMENTARY United States Jacob Lulewicza,1 aDepartment of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 Edited by David G. Anderson, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, and accepted by Editorial Board Member Elsa M. Redmond January 16, 2019 (receivedfor review October 24, 2018) Network approaches in archaeology offer a promising avenue for and testable and serve to inform our understanding of structural facilitating bottom-up, comparative approaches to sociopolitical or- dynamics that are often difficult to detect through more qualitative ganization. While recent applications have focused primarily on approaches. The purpose of this paper is not to negate, confirm, or migration and demographic trends, identity and identity politics, even critically contemplate the concept of the chiefdom. Nor is it the and the dynamics of geopolitical and regional interaction, little in the purpose of this study to evaluate the use of the chiefdom concept in way of comparative sociopolitical organization has been attempted. navigating the deep indigenous histories of the southeastern United In this study, I present an alternative approach to the use of States. Rather, the purpose is to explore fundamental variability sociotypological models across southern Appalachia. In particular, I among political landscapes and, more specifically, to explore the re- demonstrate the value in employing network analyses as a mode of lational foundations through which sociopolitical institutions were formally and quantitatively comparing the relational structures and inevitably constituted, generated, maintained, and transformed. As organizations of sociopolitical landscapes; in this case, those tradi- such, the major implications of this study include (i) an understanding tionally characterized as constellations of chiefdoms.
    [Show full text]
  • Materials of Conquest: a Study Using Portable X-Ray Fluorescence
    MATERIALS OF CONQUEST: A STUDY USING PORTABLE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY IN THE METALLURGICAL ANALYSIS OF TWO SIXTEENTH- CENTURY SPANISH EXPEDITIONS by Sarah Elizabeth Linden B.A., Texas A&M University, 2008 A Thesis submitted to the Department of Anthropology College of Arts and Sciences The University of West Florida In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 2013 © 2013 Sarah Elizabeth Linden The thesis of Sarah Elizabeth Linden is approved: ___________________________________________ _______________________ Amy Mitchell-Cook, Ph.D., Committee Member Date ___________________________________________ _______________________ John R. Bratten, Ph.D., Committee Member Date ___________________________________________ _______________________ John E. Worth, Ph.D., Committee Chair Date Accepted for the Department: _____________________________________________ ______________________ John R. Bratten, Ph.D., Chair Date Accepted for the University: _____________________________________________ ______________________ Richard S. Podemski, Ph.D., Dean, Graduate School Date ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Over the course of my thesis work, I have been very fortunate to have the help and support of many people to whom I am greatly indebted. I would like to take an opportunity to thank each of them. First and foremost I would like to thank my UWF committee members, John Worth, John Bratten and Amy Mitchell-Cook for their guidance and help throughout this entire process. John Worth deserves a special thank you for dedicating so much time and brainpower to helping me flush out and wrap up my extensive research. This thesis would not be what it is without his help. I would like to thank each of the research institution that allowed me access to their archaeological collections for my research: The University of Alabama, Moundville, Isabel Anderson Comer Museum, University of West Georgia, and University of Georgia.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Pages
    AN EXAMINATION OF THE SOCIAL COMPOSITION OF LATE MISSISSIPPIAN TOWNS IN THE ALABAMA RIVER VALLEY THROUGH CERAMIC STYLES by AMANDA LEIGH REGNIER A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology in the Graduate School of The University of Alabama TUSCALOOSA, ALABAMA 2006 Submitted by Amanda Leigh Regnier in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy specializing in Anthropology. Accepted on behalf of the Faculty of the Graduate School by the dissertation committee: _____________________ Ian W. Brown, Ph.D. _____________________ William W. Dressler, Ph.D. _____________________ Keith Jacobi, Ph.D. _____________________ Douglas Jones, Ph.D. _____________________ Vernon James Knight, Jr., Ph.D. Chairperson ____________________ Michael D. Murphy, Ph.D. Department Chairperson _________________________ Date ___________________ David A. Francko, Ph.D. _________________________ Dean of the Graduate School Date ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS After numerous years of research, the list of individuals to whom I am indebted is expansive. First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisor, Jim Knight, for support and guidance during all phases of the project, and for his help securing funding and steering me back in the right direction when I went astray. I would also like to thank my committee members, Ian Brown, Bill Dressler, Doug Jones, and Keith Jacobi, for providing advice about statistical techniques,culture theory, ceramic classification, and any other questions I may have had. This dissertation would have never been completed without the help of the faculty and staff of the Department of Anthropology, especially Pam Chesnutt and Michelle Wrenn.
    [Show full text]
  • BALMNH No 15 1993.Pdf
    ALABAMA MUSEUM })I(l ~ p .....-w-~ ..._,.. ~ ))O~ ALABAMA MUSEUM of Natural History e • Nlunber 15 January 31, 1993 Archaeological Survey and Excavations in the Coosa River Valley, Alabama edited byVernonJames Knight,Jr. Introduction: Archaeological Research in the Middle Coosa Valley, Alabama by Vernon James Knight, Jr. Archaeological Research in the Logan Martin Basin: Final Report of Investigations by L. Ross Morrell Lamar in the Middle Coosa River Drainage: The Ogletree Island Site (1 Ta238) , A Kymulga Phase Farmstead by Richard Walling The Milner Village: A Mid-Seventeenth Century Site Near Gadsden, Alabama by Marvin T. Smith, Vernon]. Knight, Jr., Julie B. Smith, and Kenneth R. Turner Seventeenth Century Aboriginal Settlement on the Coosa River by Marvin T. Smith THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA TUSCALOOSA, ALABAMA January 31,1993 Introduction: Archaeological Research in the Middle Coosa Valley, Alabama Vernon James Knight, Jr. Department of Anthropology The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa 35487-0210 My chief purpose in drawing together the four essays Dejarnette, Kurjack, and Keel in 1973 in two issues of the contained in this volume is to make available some pri­ Journal of Alabama Archaeology (Dejarnette et al. 1973). mary reference material on the archaeology of the Coosa Subsequent to the Weiss Basin work the emphasis shifted River Valley in Alabama. These contributions are not syn­ to the Logan Martin and Neeley Henry (formerly called theses. They are, rather, presentations and interpretations Lock 3) reservoirs to the south. For the Neeley Henry of field data collected at intervals during the last several reservoir, in St. Clair, Etowah, and Calhoun Counties, the decades.
    [Show full text]
  • New Insights Into Spanish-Native Relations During the Luna Expedition, 1559-1561
    New Insights into Spanish-Native Relations during the Luna Expedition, 1559-1561 John E. Worth University of West Florida Abstract Long-term research by the University of West Florida into the 1559-1561 expedition of Tristán de Luna y Arellano to Pensacola Bay has only accelerated following the 2015 discovery of Luna’s terrestrial settlement and the 2016 discovery of a third shipwreck from Luna’s fleet that wrecked just offshore. In addition to ongoing archaeological investigations in the field and lab, concurrent syntheses and analysis of both previously-known and several newly-discovered documentary sources relating to the expedition have provided important clues regarding Spanish-Native relations both in the Florida panhandle and southern Alabama. This paper presents preliminary analysis and insights from these documentary sources. Paper presented at the 70th Annual Conference of the Florida Anthropological Society, St. Petersburg, May 12, 2018. 1 The 1559-1560 expedition of don Tristán de Luna y Arellano to Florida was at the time the largest and most ambitious attempt by Spain to establish a colonial foothold on the mainland of southeastern North America.1 Organized and staged out of New Spain, the Luna expedition’s ultimate goal was to establish a Spanish colony on the lower Atlantic coast of present-day South Carolina at the Punta de Santa Elena. However, the plan adopted by Viceroy Luis de Velasco centered on the establishment of a first colony on the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico at the bay named Ochuse at modern Pensacola, and the creation of an overland route to Santa Elena via the Native chiefdom of Coosa located west of the Appalachian highlands.
    [Show full text]
  • Captives of the Dark and Bloody Ground: Identity, Race, and Power in the Contested American South
    CAPTIVES OF THE DARK AND BLOODY GROUND: IDENTITY, RACE, AND POWER IN THE CONTESTED AMERICAN SOUTH Christina Nicole Snyder A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2007 Approved by: Michael D. Green Theda Perdue Kathleen A. DuVal Vincas P. Steponaitis Harry L. Watson ©2007 Christina Nicole Snyder ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Christina Snyder, “Captives of the Dark and Bloody Ground: Identity, Race, and Power in the Contested American South” (Under the direction of Michael Green and Theda Perdue) In this dissertation, I use the lens of captivity to explore how Native Southerners defined themselves and the other. Before they encountered one another in the colonial era, the peoples of Africa, Europe, and North America considered enslavement a legitimate fate for captured enemy peoples, though their attitudes about the status and roles of captives differed. In the South during the colonial and early national periods, violent conflict often erupted as Indian nations labored to maintain their territorial integrity and political autonomy, Euro-Americans desired to control Indian land and African labor, and Africans sought freedom. During such episodes, Native groups took enemies—white, black, and Indian—as captives. Victors then subjected their captives to a variety of fates: they ritually killed some to satisfy the demands of clan vengeance; they adopted others to replace deceased family members; they made chattel slaves out of the remainder. Throughout the colonial period, Native Southerners largely determined a captive’s fate based on his or her sex and age.
    [Show full text]
  • The Distribution of Eastern Woodlands and Historic Interface
    For the Eastern Woodlands as much as for the rest of the Americas, Columbus's landfall heralded the beginning of an era of Old and New World contact that ultimately dev- astated Native American peoples and their cultures (Cronon The Distribution of 1983; Crosby 1972; Dobyns 1983, 1993; Milanich 1992; Mil- ner 1980; Ramenohky 1987; M.Smith 1987, 1994; Thorn- Eastern Woodlands ton 1987). Despite a large body of scholarship on the post- contact period, there remains considerable uncertaintv about the magnitude, timing, and causes of profound transfor- Peoples at the Prehistoric mations in sociopolitical systems and population sizes. BY A.D. I 700, the loss of people in eastern North America was and Historic Interface so great that it was apparent to contemporary ob&wers.' A more precise understanding of postcontact changes in indigenous societies requires much work on two scales of analysis. First, fine-grained assessments of particular groups of people are essential for comparative studies of Native American responses to new political, economic, demo- graphic, and ecological settings. Examples of such work, the focus of most archaeologistsand historians, include the other chapters in this volume. Second, broader geographi- cal perspectives are also necessary, because postcontact transformations in Native American societies-cultural up- heaval, societal dissolution and realignment, and popula- tion loss and displacement-were played out across vast regions. As an initial step toward the second goal, we present three maps (Figs. 2.1-2.3) that summarize what is known from archaeological remains about the distribution of East- ern Woodlands peoples. Regions where information is plentiful are apparent, as are those where data are limited or absent.
    [Show full text]
  • Vengeance with Mercy: Changing Traditions and Traditional Practices of Colonial Yamasees
    W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects Summer 2018 Vengeance with Mercy: Changing Traditions and Traditional Practices of Colonial Yamasees Patrick Johnson College of William and Mary - Arts & Sciences, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Recommended Citation Johnson, Patrick, "Vengeance with Mercy: Changing Traditions and Traditional Practices of Colonial Yamasees" (2018). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1530192790. http://dx.doi.org/10.21220/s2-fb04-kn74 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Vengeance with Mercy: Changing Traditions and Traditional Practices of Colonial Yamasees Patrick Lee Johnson Mobile, Alabama M.A., University of West Florida, 2012 B.A., Beloit College, 2008 Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of The College of William & Mary in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology College of William & Mary May 2018 © Copyright by Patrick L. Johnson 2018 ABSTRACT This dissertation argues that colonial Yamasee communities moved hundreds of miles throughout the present-day Southeastern United States, often to gain influence, and maintained traditions such as names they more closely associated with their ethnicity and authority than ceramics. Self-identification by Yamasees in censuses, speeches, and letters for a century and archaeological evidence from multiple towns allows me to analyze multiple expressions of their identity.
    [Show full text]