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A Water Infrastructure Audit of Kitui County
Research Report Research Report Sustainable WASH Systems Learning Partnership A WATER INFRASTRUCTURE AUDIT OF KITUI COUNTY Cliff Nyaga, University of Oxford January 2019 PHOTO CREDIT:PHOTO CLIFF NYAGA/UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Prepared by: Cliff Nyaga, University of Oxford Reviewed by: Mike Thomas, Rural Focus; Eduardo Perez, Global Communities; Karl Linden, University of Colorado Boulder (UCB); and Pranav Chintalapati, UCB. Acknowledgements: The Kitui County Government would like to acknowledge the financial support received from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Further, the Kitui County Government appreciates its longstanding partnership with the University of Oxford and UNICEF Kenya through various collaborating programs, including the DFID-funded REACH Program. The leadership received from Emmanuel Kisangau, Kennedy Mutati, Philip Nzula, Augustus Ndingo, and Hope Sila — all from the County Ministry for Water Agriculture and Livestock Development — throughout the audit exercise is appreciated. The sub-county water officers were instrumental in logistics planning and in providing liaison between the field audit teams, communities, and County Ministries for Agriculture, Water, and Livestock Development and Administration and Coordination. A team of local enumerators led field data collection: Lucy Mweti, Grace Muisyo, Abigael Kyenze, Patrick Mulwa, Lydia Mwikali, Muimi Kivoko, Philip Muthengi, Mary Sammy, Ruth Mwende, Peter Musili, Annah Kavata, James Kimanzi, Purity Maingi, Felix Muthui, and Assumpta Mwikali. The technical advice and guidance received from Professor Rob Hope of the University of Oxford and Dr. Andrew Trevett of UNICEF Kenya throughout the planning, data collection, analysis, and preparation of this report is very much appreciated. Front cover: This Katanu Hand pump was developed in the late 1990s by the Government of Kenya and is the main water source for Nzamba Village in Ikutha Ward, Kitui. -
County Urban Governance Tools
County Urban Governance Tools This map shows various governance and management approaches counties are using in urban areas Mandera P Turkana Marsabit P West Pokot Wajir ish Elgeyo Samburu Marakwet Busia Trans Nzoia P P Isiolo P tax Bungoma LUFs P Busia Kakamega Baringo Kakamega Uasin P Gishu LUFs Nandi Laikipia Siaya tax P P P Vihiga Meru P Kisumu ga P Nakuru P LUFs LUFs Nyandarua Tharaka Garissa Kericho LUFs Nithi LUFs Nyeri Kirinyaga LUFs Homa Bay Nyamira P Kisii P Muranga Bomet Embu Migori LUFs P Kiambu Nairobi P Narok LUFs P LUFs Kitui Machakos Kisii Tana River Nyamira Makueni Lamu Nairobi P LUFs tax P Kajiado KEY County Budget and Economic Forums (CBEFs) They are meant to serve as the primary institution for ensuring public participation in public finances in order to im- Mom- prove accountability and public participation at the county level. basa Baringo County, Bomet County, Bungoma County, Busia County,Embu County, Elgeyo/ Marakwet County, Homabay County, Kajiado County, Kakamega County, Kericho Count, Kiambu County, Kilifi County, Kirin- yaga County, Kisii County, Kisumu County, Kitui County, Kwale County, Laikipia County, Machakos Coun- LUFs ty, Makueni County, Meru County, Mombasa County, Murang’a County, Nairobi County, Nakuru County, Kilifi Nandi County, Nyandarua County, Nyeri County, Samburu County, Siaya County, TaitaTaveta County, Taita Taveta TharakaNithi County, Trans Nzoia County, Uasin Gishu County Youth Empowerment Programs in urban areas In collaboration with the national government, county governments unveiled -
The Geography of the Intra-National Digital Divide in a Developing Country: a Spatial
The Geography of the Intra-National Digital Divide in a Developing Country: A Spatial Analysis of Regional-Level Data in Kenya A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Regional Development Planning in the School of Planning of the College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning By Kenneth Koech Cheruiyot M.A. (Planning) (Nairobi), M. Arch. in Human Settlements (KULeuven) December 2010 This work and its defense approved by: Committee Chair: Johanna W. Looye, Ph.D. ABSTRACT It is widely agreed that different technologies (e.g., the steam engine, electricity, and the telephone) have revolutionized the world in various ways. As such, both old and new information and communication technologies (ICTs) are instrumental in the way they act as pre- requisites for development. However, the existence of the digital divide, defined as unequal access to and use of ICTs among individuals, households, and businesses within and among regions, and countries, threatens equal world, national, and regional development. Given confirmed evidence that past unequal access to ICTs have accentuated national and regional income differences, the fear of further divergence is real in developing countries now that we live in a world characterized by economic globalization and accelerated international competition (i.e., New Economy). In Africa and Kenya, for instance, the presence of wide digital divides – regionally, between rural and urban areas, and within the urban areas – means that their threat is real. This research, which employed spatial analysis and used the district as a geographical unit of analysis, carried out a detailed study of ICTs’ development potential and challenges in Kenya. -
Towards Sustainable Charcoal Production and Trade in Kitui County Phosiso Sola1, Mieke Bourne1, Mary Njenga1, Anthony Kitema2, Siko Ignatius1 and Grace Koech1
CIFOR infobriefs provide concise, accurate, peer- reviewed information on current topics in forest research No. 297, September 2020 DOI: 10.17528/cifor/007721 | cifor.org Towards sustainable charcoal production and trade in Kitui County Phosiso Sola1, Mieke Bourne1, Mary Njenga1, Anthony Kitema2, Siko Ignatius1 and Grace Koech1 Key messages • Woodfuel, particularly charcoal, is an important livelihood source in Kitui County, with consumption largely in urban areas within and beyond the county, where it is still a critical energy source. • While charcoal movement out of the county has been banned since 2018, trade has continued in some form because of inadequate support, guidance and regulation. • While briquette production has been promoted, it has not seen substantial demand. • Because charcoal production has continued, a sustainable charcoal value chain in Kitui County has to be explored, including i) management of woodlands and sustainable harvesting of trees, e.g. through natural regeneration and enrichment planting of trees on degraded private and public lands; ii) promotion of efficient processing and carbonization; and iii) efficient and clean cooking. • Current institutional arrangements for guiding, supporting and controlling the value chain activities and actors can be improved to enhance the sustainability, enforcement, compliance, capacity and competitiveness of local value chains. • World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Adventist Development Relief Agency (ADRA) and partners undertook a number of activities in Kitui County and more widely in Kenya as a whole to generate evidence, knowledge and policy options, and to facilitate engagement for more sustainable woodfuel value chains under the project entitled Governing Multifunctional Landscapes (GML) in sub-Saharan Africa launched in 2018. -
The Impacts of Hydropower Development on Rural Livelihood
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Lirias International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2015.1056297 The impacts of hydropower development on rural livelihood sustenance Eric Ochieng Okukua,b*, Steven Bouillona, Jacob Odhiambo Ochiewob,c, Fridah Munyib, Linet Imbayi Kiteresib and Mwakio Toled aDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; bKenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Mombasa, Kenya; cDepartment of Development Studies, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya; dDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Pwani University, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Kilifi, Kenya (Received 22 October 2014; accepted 24 May 2015) The existing reservoirs on the River Tana (Kenya) were mainly constructed for hydropower generation, with inadequate consideration of the long-term impacts on downstream livelihoods. We investigated the impacts of the reservoirs on people’s livelihoods downstream. The results showed a few positive impacts in the vicinity of the reservoirs and numerous negative impacts downstream (i.e. reduced flood-recess agriculture and floodplain pastoralism, and escalating resource-use conflicts). Inadequate stakeholders’ consultation during reservoir development was also observed. We recommend a detailed basin-wide socioeconomic assessment for future reservoir developments and controlled flood release to simulate the natural flow regime, thereby restoring indigenous flood-based livelihoods while retaining sufficient reserves for power generation. Keywords: River Tana; Kenya; communities’ perception; hydropower development; impact assessment; floods Introduction River basins are the cradles of civilization and cultural heritage. Ancient and modern civilizations first developed in the vicinity of great rivers due to the role of rivers in the provision of food to support livelihoods, inputs for industries, and by providing opportunities for commerce and navigation. -
Governance of Woodfuel Value Chains in Kenya an Analysis of Policies, Legislative Frameworks and Institutional Mechanisms
OCCASIONAL PAPER Governance of woodfuel value chains in Kenya An analysis of policies, legislative frameworks and institutional mechanisms Phosiso Sola Mieke Bourne Irene Okeyo Ignatius Siko Mary Njenga Occasional Paper 214 Governance of woodfuel value chains in Kenya An analysis of policies, legislative frameworks and institutional mechanisms Phosiso Sola World Agroforestry (ICRAF) Mieke Bourne World Agroforestry (ICRAF) Irene Okeyo University of Queensland Ignatius Siko World Agroforestry (ICRAF) Mary Njenga World Agroforestry (ICRAF) Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Occasional Paper 214 © 2020 Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Content in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISBN: 978-602-387-148-3 DOI: 10.17528/cifor/007890 Sola P, Bourne M, Okeyo I, Siko I and Njenga M. 2020. Governance of woodfuel value chains in Kenya: An analysis of policies, legislative frameworks and institutional mechanisms. Occasional Paper 214. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR. Photo by Anthony Kitema/ADRA Charcoal sacks in Kitui East. CIFOR Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede Bogor Barat 16115 Indonesia T +62 (251) 8622-622 F +62 (251) 8622-100 E [email protected] cifor.org We would like to thank all funding partners who supported this research through their contributions to the CGIAR Fund. For a full list of the ‘CGIAR Fund’ funding partners please see: http://www.cgiar.org/our-funders/ Any views expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of CIFOR, the editors, the authors’ institutions, the financial sponsors or the reviewers. -
Kitui County
A: Population Projections by Special Groups by- Sub-County and by Sex, 2017 Number Children Household Leadership by Subcounty and Sex KITUI COUNTY GENDER DATA SHEET County, Sub - 3 - 5 years 6 -17 years 200 186 county/Age group 177 Total Male Female Total Male Female 171 180 163 154 INTRODUCTION 160 148 Total County 113,972 58,051 55,922 405,482 206,091 199,391 142 139 141 Kitui County covers an area of 30,515 Km2. It borders Machakos and Makueni counties 140 128 128 Mwingi North 17,880 8,949 8,930 56,681 28,533 28,146 118 120 121 to the west, Tana River County to the east, TaitaTaveta to the south, Embu and 120 106 COUNCIL OF GOVERNORS Mwingi West 11,290 5,798 5,493 43,976 22,414 21,562 TharakaNithi counties to the north. It is located between latitudes 0°10 South and 3°0 100 87 South and longitudes 37°50 East and 39°0 East. Mwingi Central 16,754 8,565 8,189 55,171 28,150 27,022 Number 80 Kitui West 10,245 5,173 5,071 42,139 21,378 20,761 60 A: POPULATION/HOUSEHOLDS 40 Kitui Rural 11,049 5,688 5,361 42,983 21,935 21,049 20 - COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF KITUI Kitui Central 12,449 6,381 6,068 48,897 24,623 24,271 A1: Population Projections by sex, 2014-2020 Mwingi Mwingi Mwingi Kitui Kitui Kitui Kitui Kitui Kitui East 14,573 7,280 7,292 48,019 24,555 23,466 Number North West Central West Rural Central East South 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2020 Kitui South 19,733 10,216 9,517 67,615 34,503 33,113 COUNTY GENDER DATA SHEET Boys Girls Total 1,075,866 1,086,599 1,097,687 1,108,981 1,120,394 1,141,592 Source: Kenya Population and Housing Census 2009 -
Economics of Harvesting and Marketing Selected Indigenous Fruits in Mwingi District, Kenya
ECONOMICS OF HARVESTING AND MARKETING SELECTED INDIGENOUS FRUITS IN MWINGI DISTRICT, KENYA By: C. M. Mwema J. K. Lagat and B. K. Mutai Invited paper presented at the 4th International Conference of the African Association of Agricultural Economists, September 22-25, 2013, Hammamet, Tunisia Copyright 2013 by [authors]. All rights reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. 107- ECONOMICS OF HARVESTING AND MARKETING SELECTED INDIGENOUS FRUITS IN MWINGI DISTRICT, KENYA C.M. Mwema 1*, J.K. Lagat1 and B.K. Mutai1 1 Egerton University, Department of Agricultural Economics, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya. Abstract Constant droughts especially in the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASAL) have led to recurrent crop failures and livestock losses. Households have therefore resulted to other alternatives which can provide both food and income. Trade in indigenous fruits contributes to livelihoods through income generation and as a safety net for consumption and income smoothing. This paper presents the analysis of economic returns from harvesting and marketing indigenous fruits and the socio economic factors that influence participation in trade of indigenous fruits. The results are based on a survey conducted in Nuu division, Mwingi District, where 120 randomly selected households were interviewed using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Logistic regression model, Gross Margin Analysis, and Benefit cost ratios were used during the analysis. Data was processed and analyzed using SPSS20. The Gross margins depicted harvesting of indigenous fruits for trade as a profitable venture. High benefit cost ratios of greater than 3.0 were reported in all the three fruits under study. -
SK NCPWD List of Hospitals.Xlsx
S/NO PROVINCE DISTRICT HEALTH FACILITY NAME TYPE OF HEALTH FACILTY 1 central Gatundu south Gatundu District Hospital District Hospital 2 central kirinyaga east kianyaga sub-District Hospital Sub-District Hospital 3 central Thika west Thika District Hospital District Hospital 4 central Ruiru Ruiru Sub-District Hospital Sub-District Hospital 5 central kabete Nyathuna Sub-District hospital Sub-District Hospital 6 central Murang`a west kangema Sob-District Hospital Sub-District Hospital 7 central kiambaa kiambu District Hospital District Hospital 8 central kiambaa Kihara Sub-District Hospital Sub-District Hospital 9 central Murang`a east Murang`a District Hospital District Hospital 10 central murang`a east Muriranjas District Hospital District Hospital 11 central kinangop Engineer District Hospital District Hospital 12 central kirinyaga central Kerugoya District Hospital District Hospital 13 central kiambu west Tigoni District Hospital District Hospital 14 central Murang`a south Maragwa Distric Hospital District Hospital 15 central Mathira east Karatina District Hospital District Hospital 16 central Mukurweini Mukurweini Sub-District hospital Sub-District Hospital 17 central kirinyaga south Kimbimbi Sub-Distric Hospital Sub-District Hospital 18 central Nyeri central Nyeri provincial General hospital Provincial Hospital 19 central Nyeri central Mt. kenya Sub-district Hospital Sub-District Hospital 20 central Nyandarua central Ol`kalou District Hospital District Hospital 21 central Nyandarua north Nyahururu District Hospital District Hospital -
Improve Livelihoods in Targeted Drought Affected Communities in Kenya”
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Office of Evaluation Improve Livelihoods in Targeted Drought Affected Communities in Kenya- OSRO/KEN/002/SWE Evaluation report February 2012 Final Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Office of Evaluation (OED) This report is available in electronic format at: http://www.fao.org/evaluation Permission to make copy, download or print copies of part or all of this work for private study and limited classroom use is hereby granted, free of charge, provided that an accurate citation and suitable acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright owner is given. Where copyright holders other than FAO are indicated, please refer to the original copyright holder for terms and conditions of reuse. All requests for systematic copying and electronic distribution, including to list servers, translation rights and commercial reuse should be addressed to [email protected] . For further information, please contact: Director, OED Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 1, 00153 Rome, Italy Email: [email protected] ___________________________________________________________________________ The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of FAO concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or -
Explaining Resource Use, Management and Productivity Among the Akamba, Orma and Somali in the Former Eastern Statelands of Kenya
©Kamla-Raj 2004 Stud. Tribes Tribals, 2(1): 55-63 (2004) Common Range, Different Tribes: Explaining Resource Use, Management and Productivity among the Akamba, Orma and Somali in the former Eastern Statelands of Kenya Dickson Mong’are Nyariki1 and Jan Van den Abeele2 1. Department of Range Management, University of Nairobi P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya Email: [email protected] 2. Forestry Development Support Programme, Belgian Technical Cooperation, P.O. Box 30513, Nairobi, Kenya KEYWORDS Common use; range management; resource conflicts; Eastern Statelands; Kenya ABSTRACT This paper describes the major livelihood activities of three ethnic communities who use in common the former Kenyan Eastern Statelands. It also looks at how the livelihoods and the range could be improved while maintaining the common access to resources, so as to avoid potential conflicts. It is suggested that for improvement of range management the unsettled lands should be accessed by all the communities under ranching societies without having to exclude non-members. A number of approaches should be instituted, including bush control and reseeding. Bush control can be achieved through exploitation of trees of low timber value for charcoal production to earn income for households. To increase livestock productivity, it is proposed that proper livestock and grazing management be practised, including the introduction of superior breeds, improved livestock facilities, adequate animal healthcare and rotational grazing through paddocking. INTRODUCTION and improve the living standards of the communities, the stakeholders and development The colonial government in Kenya set aside agents should rethink the use and management the former Eastern Statelands for State of this resource. -
Rift Valley Fever in Kenya: History of Epizootics and Identification Of
Epidemiol. Infect. (2011), 139, 372–380. f Cambridge University Press 2010 This is a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States. doi:10.1017/S0950268810001020 Rift Valley fever in Kenya: history of epizootics and identification of vulnerable districts R. M. MURITHI 1, P. MUNYUA1,P.M.ITHONDEKA1, J.M. MACHARIA1, A. HIGHTOWER2,E.T.LUMAN3, R.F. BREIMAN2 AND M. KARIUKI NJENGA 2* 1 Kenya Ministry of Livestock Development, Kabete, Kenya 2 Global Disease Detection Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya 3 Global Immunization Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA (Accepted 9 April 2010; first published online 18 May 2010) SUMMARY Since Kenya first reported Rift Valley fever (RVF)-like disease in livestock in 1912, the country has reported the most frequent epizootics of RVF disease. To determine the pattern of disease spread across the country after its introduction in 1912, and to identify regions vulnerable to the periodic epizootics, annual livestock disease records at the Department of Veterinary Services from 1910 to 2007 were analysed in order to document the number and location of RVF-infected livestock herds. A total of 38/69 (55%) administrative districts in the country had reported RVF epizootics by the end of 2007. During the 1912–1950 period, the disease was confined to a district in Rift Valley province that is prone to flooding and where livestock were raised in proximity with wildlife. Between 1951 and 2007, 11 national RVF epizootics were recorded with an average inter-epizootic period of 3.6 years (range 1–7 years); in addition, all epizootics occurred in years when the average annual rainfall increased by more than 50% in the affected districts.