Congressional· Record-House

1911. CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD-HOUSE. 3559

Mr. SIMMONS. I desire. to ask unanimous consent to call up portant. I run not at all inclined to allow it to go by default, from the table Senate bill 2846, for the improvement of rural­ so far as I am concerned. If we were going to take up another delivery roads, and haV"e it referred to the Committee on Agri­ matter that would occupy the Senate until 2 o'clock-and I am culture and Forestry. speaking now by unanimous consent-then at 2 o'clock we would The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair will state to the know yery well what to do; but in the meantime I think the Senator from North Carolina that the pending question is upon Senate should continue in session until 2 o'clock in order that the motion of the Senator from Kansas [Mr. CURTIS] to pro­ we may have as a basis of our action the status of the existi:p.g ceed to the consideration of Senate bill 25, the first bill on unfinished business. the calendar, and pending that motion the absence of a quorum l\Ir. Sl\fITH of l\fichigan. Mr. President-- was suggested by the Sena tor from Idaho. A quorum having The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair desires to state that been developed, the Chair considers himself obliged to place the colloquy or running debate at present is proceeding by the motion of the Senator from Kansas before the Senate, and unanimous consent. There is a motion pending before the Sen­ it is not debatable. ate which is not debatable. Does the Senator from Michigan Mr. BACON. I understand-- rise to a parliamentary inquiry? The PRESIDING OFFICER. 'Does the Senator from Utah Mr. SMITH of Michigan. I do not. yield to the Senator from Georgia? :Mr. HEYBURN. I asked for unanimous consent, und I re­ Mr. SlIOOT. I yield to the Senator. ceiV"ed it. Mr. BACON. I understand that a motion to take up is not l\Ir. REED. I rise to a parliamentary inquiry. debatable. A parliamentary inquiry, however, I think, is in The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Missouri order? will state it The PRESIDING OFFICER. It is. 1\Ir. REED. Is the motion of the Senator from Kansas [Mr. l\Ir. BA.CON. It is this: The Senate is now under a unani­ CURTIS] still before the Senate? mous-consent agreement with reference to the joint resolution The PRESIDING OFFICER. It is, and it is the only motion which is now the unfinished business, and to displace it would before the Senate. undoubtedly be a yiolation of that unanimous-consent agree­ Mr. REED. Has a motion been made to adjourn? ment. The PRESIDING OFFICER. A motion to adjourn was made The PRESIDING OFFICER. The unfinished business under by the Senator from Pennsylvania [l\fr. PENROSE]; it then was the unanimous-consent agreement will not come before the Sen­ withheld, and is now held in abeyance. ate until the hour of 2 o'clock, in the opinion of the Chair, and l\Ir. REED. I make the point of no quorum, Mr. President. pending the time before that hour the Senator from Kansas The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Missouri moves that the Senate proceed to the consideration of the first suggests the absence of a quorum. The Secretary will call the order of business on the calendar. roll. Mr. BACON. Then I make the parliamentary inquiry, whether, The Secretary called the roll, and the following Senators an­ in the opinion of the Chair, the motion relates only to business swered to their names : being in order until 2 o'clock? Bacon Clark, Wyo. l\Iartine, N. J. Root The PRESIDING OFFICER. Only until then. Bankhead Cra.ne Nelson Simmons Mr. BACON. Very well. Bourne Crawford O'Gorman Smith, Mich. Bradley Curtis Oliver Smoot The PRESIDING OFFICER. When the hour of 2 o'clock Ilrandegee Gamble Owen Stephenson arriV"es the Chair will lay before the Senate House joint reso­ Briggs Heyburn Page Taylor lution 14 as the unfinished business, whether the motion of the Bristow Johnson, ~Ie. Penrose Thornton Brown Jones Perkins Warren Senator from Kansas is carried or not. The question is on Burnham La Follette Poindexter Watson agreeing to the motion of the Senator from Kansas. [Putting Burton Lodge Pomerene Wetmore the question.] In the opinion of the Chair the ayes have it. Chilton Martin, Va. Reed Mr. REED. I ask for a roll call. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Forty-three Senators have an­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Missouri swered to their names. A quorum of the Senate is not present. demands the yeas and nays. Mr. PENROSE. I renew my motion that the Senate adjourn. The yeas and nays were not ordered. The motion was agreed to; and (at 1 o'clock and 25 minutes Mr. BEYBURN. I ask for information upon what the vote p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Friday, August 4, is to be taken. 1911, at 12 o'clock meridian. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Upon the motion of the Senator from Kansas ·that the Senate proceed to the consideration of Senate bill 25, the first bill on the calendar. l\Ir. S)fOOT. If the motion prernils, it will not displace the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. statehood resolution, which has been temporarily laid aside? The PRESIDING OFFICER. As the Chair understands, the THURSDAY, Aug·ust 3, 1911. statehood resolution being the unfinished business, it will be laid before the Senate at 2 o'clock, and before that time it is The House met at 12 o'clock noon. competent for the Senate to consider any other measure. The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offered the fol­ Mr. PENROSEl I move that the Senate adjourn. lowing prayer : l\Ir. HEYBURN. I wish the Senator from Pennsylvania Our Father in heaven help us to live strong, pure, noble, brave, would withhold the motion. generous-hearted Christian lives in all the complicated relation­ l\lr. PENROSE. Very well; I withhold the motion. ships of this existence. We pray, Our Father, and then forget The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Pennsyl­ that we are brothers, and sometimes the strong oppress the vania ~thholds the motion. weak, the rich grind the poor, the ambitious· traduces and l\Ir. HEYBURN. I do not want to discuss a motion to ad­ smirches the character of a brother to blast his reputation. journ, but I desire to make a statement before a motion to Forgive us, Oh we beseech Thee, for that; we pray hallowed be adjourn is put, a motion to adjourn not being debatable. There Thy name, and then take that holy name in profanity upon is pending a demand for the yeas and nays on the motion of the our lips. Forgive us, we beseech Thee, for that. We pray let Senator from Kansas. Thy kingdom come and Thy will be done in earth, as it is in The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair overruled the de­ heaven, then go about sowing the seeds of discord. Forgive us, mand because there was not a second to the call. we beseech Tkee, for that. Help us to pray gold and live l\Ir. HEYBURN. Very well; then there is nothing pending. golden lives; to pray righteously and live righteous lives, after The FHESIDING OFFICER. The motion of the Senator the similitude of the world's great exemplar. Amen. from Kanrns (Mr. CURTIS] is pending, and pending that the Senator from Pennsylvania moved that the Senate adjourn. CALL OF THE HO"'GSE. Mr. HEYBURN. That motion not being debatable, I sin­ Mr. BELL of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I make the point that cerely hope that no motion to adjourn will be pressed, because no quorum is present. notice has been given by Senators who desire to speak upon the The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Georgia makes the statehood resolution which will occupy all of Monday, and more, point that no quorum is present. The Chair will count. [After too. There remain only to-day and to-morrow and Saturday to counting.] One hundred and seventy-nine Members present, discuss the statehood resolution. not a quorum. Some Senators may be better advised than I 1n regard to the l\Ir. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I move a call of the situation of the joint resolution before this body. I desire to House. see developed something that will enable us to form a more ac­ The motion was agreed to. curate and better judgment as to the kind of support or opposi­ The SPEAKER directed the doors to be closed and the Clerk tion t.hat is to be given to that measure. I deem it ru; very im- to call the roll. 3560 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .. AUGUST 3,

The Clerk called the roll, and the following Members failed Mr. PAYNE. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last to answer to their names : word. I shall offer no other amendment to this bill, not be­ Anderson, Ohio Gillett Langley Pn:jo cause r do not think the bill could be improved, for perhaps Andrus Glass Latta Rainey the most· substantial improvement that could be made to it Barchfeld Goodwin, Ark. Legare Ransdell, La. Bartlett Gordon Lever Riordan would be a motion to strike out the enacting clause. I could Bates Gregg, Pa. Lindsay Rodenberg suggest other amendments that would impro\e it all along the Beall, Tex. Gudger Littleton Rothermel line; but, Mr. Chairman, what is the use? In the first place, Boehne Guernsey Loud · Rouse Broussard Hamilton, W. Va. Loudenslager Small we have an eminent statistician at work upon the cotton sched­ Burke Pa. Hardy McCreary Smith, N. Y. ule. He happens to represent the Tarift Reform League of Cantr1ll1 Haugen McGillicuddy Smith, Tex. Cary Hawley McHenry Stack the city of New York. He is Mr. Parsons, of that league. Crago Henry, Conn. McKenzie Stanley That tariff-reform league is a free-trade institution, and it Cravens Hobson Maher Stephens, Miss. always has been, headed by our old friend John De Witt Dn.nforth Howell Martin, S. Dak. Stephens, Tex. Davidson Hubbard Matthews Stevens, Minn. Warner, who used to be a Member of the House and who pro­ De Forest Hughes, N. J. Moon, Pa. Sulloway claimed free trade here when it was not quite so popular among Dies Hughes, W. Va. Moore, Pa. Switzer the Democracy as it is at the present time. Difenderfer Humphrey, Wash. Murdock Talbott, Md. Ellerbe Humphreys, Miss. Needham Taylor, Ala. I do not believe that my genial friend from Alabama [Mr. Esiopinal Jones Palmer Underhill UNDERWOOD J, if he were a free moral agent here, would allow Faison Kennedy Parran Vreeland any amendments to this bill unless he got statistics from Mr. Fields Kinkaid, Nebr. Patten, N. Y. Webb Fordney Konig Plumley White Parsons whieh would justify the amendment in the opinion of Fornes Konop Porter Wilson, Pa. the gentleman from Alabama and also the gentleman from Francis .Lamb Powers Young, Mich. New York, Mr. Parsons. But, Mr. Chairman, even though Gardner, Mass. Langham Prince Young, Tex.. I got the consent of the gentleman from Alabama, still the bill The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. OLAYTON). The call dis­ could not be amended, because there are some two hundred and clos~s the fact that there are 282 Members present, a quorum. odd gentlemen on the other side who have become slaves to the Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I move to dispense with caucus of the Democratic Party, and they vote whichever way further proceedings under the call. the majority of that party say. They have adopted this bill The motion was agreed to. without amendment from beginning to end and without con­ The doors were reopened. sideration of amendment to the bill. They did it ori a one-­ The Journal of the proceedings of yesterday was approved. sided hearing. They had the information for the purpose of ORDER OF BUSINESS. defending the bill contained in the print of the bill that was laid before the caucus, and it does not appear that they had any Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, there are a num­ other information on the subject. They spent some of their ber of b-ills on the calendar put there by unanimous ccmsent, all time in deliberating whether they would take up the cotton the with the approval of the Committee on District of Columbia. schedule or the iron schedule, but that does not seem to have I therefore ask unanimous consent that next Saturday be set taken much time, because the iron schedule was brushed aside apart for their consideration. at an early stage of the proceedings, against the protest of my The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kentucky asks that genial friend from A1abama [Mr. UNDERWOOD}. They have next Saturday be set aside for the consideration of District of agreed on this bill, and what is the use of spending your breath Columbia bills. Is there objection? offering an amendment to it. Why, they had the wool bill here Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to object, I under the same conditions. They had a free-list bill under the would like to ask the gentleman from Kentucky when the next same conditions. We offered amendments on this side. Most District day comes regularly? of the sensible men on that side were convinced that the amend­ - Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Next Monday week. . ments, many of them, ought to be adopted in order to make the Mr. MANN. It seems to me that there is plenty of time to bill intelligible, let alone improving it as a revenue measure, pass on the bil1s. but they did not dare to vote for them. Those amendments l\Ir. JOHNSON of Kentucky. There is plenty of.ti.~e if Con­ were voted down by a solid vote, because the caucus, without gress does not adjourn before then. It is that possibility that I information on this subject and without a suggestion from any wish to anticipate. gentleman in the caucus as to the improvement of the bill, had l\Ir. ~'N. . If there is any prospect of Congress adjourning voted that it should pass as it passed the caucus. before then, we will learn it in due time. I think at present I Mr. Chairman, all of this matter will get before the country shall have to object in due time. The people will understand the methods of you LEAVE OF ABSENCE. . gentlemen on that side. You will not he able to cry "czarism" The SPEAKER laid before the House the following applica- and shake your fingers at us. That issue is played out. Even tions for leaYe of absence: the muckrake magazines can not raise it against us. They may Mr. HARDY, indefinitely, on account of illness. . . take hold of it and ex.pose you. What a nice bit of sensational 1\Ir GUERNSEY indefinitely, on account of death in his family. business that would be-just to give the facts in regard to your Mr: REDFIELD, 'for two weeks, commencing tlle 4tll instant, be- action in caucus and your action on great tariff bills. cause of business of an imperative nature. What matter if these cotton schedules affect the production The SPEAKER. Is there objection to these requests? of over $800,000,000 worth of goods and . over a half a millio? . Mr MANN. Mr. Speaker, I shall not object to the requests lnborers employed in that industry? What difference does it for l~ave of absence on account of illness or death in family, make? You haYe given your conscience over to the keeping o:r but to all others I shall for ~e present object. the Democratic .end of the Committee on Ways and Meuns-- The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Tilinois objects to the Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman leave of absence for the gentleman from New York [Mr. RED- yield-- FIELD] on account of business, but does not object to those Mr. PAYNE (continuing). And they have given theirs over that are askeq on account of sickness, and it will be so ordered. to the chairman o! the committee, and whether the gentleman THE coTTsN SCHEDULE. from New Yor~, Mr. Parsons, has the keeping ot the chair­ man's conscience, I am not able to inform you. Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I mo-ve that the House Mr. FlTZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield resolve itself int~ the Committee of the Whole House on the for a question? state of' the Umon for the further consideration of the bill Th CHAIRMAN Does the gentleman from New York yield (H. R. ~12) to reduce the dnties on manufactures of cotton. to hi: colleague? · The m?tion was agreed ~o. . . . l\Ir. PAYNE. Why, certainly. · A..ccordrngly the House resolved itself. rnto the Committee of Mr FITZGERALD. The gentleman prepared a tariff bill-- the Whole House on the state of the Umon for the further con- M · PAYNE y sideration of the blll (H; R. 12812) to .reduce th~ duti-es on M~· FlT~~ER~ · (continuing). Which was passed, and manufactures of cotton, with Mr. CULLOP rn the chair. . una.,e; the rule which was adopted: not only could no amend- Tbe CHAIR~fAN. By order of~ House, general deba_te is meut be offeli'ed in the House, bnt the gentleman did not even closed. The 1.'nll will. now be considered under the flve-mmute submit his· bill to a Republican. caucus. What is he complaining rule, and the Clerk will read the bill. I b t no ? The Clerk read as foll ows: a ~ p IYN-E The gentleman is acting apparently on mis- Be it e11.11ctea: etc., Thnt on and utter the tst day ot January, 1912, inf" · t' ~ the articles hereinafter enumerated, described, and provided for· shall., I orma: ion-- when imported from any foreign country into the United States el" into Mr~ . FITZGERALD. Ob,. no. any of its possessions. (except the Philippine Islands- and the islands of Mr- P.l,YNE (continuing). He was present here and he ought Guam and TutuHa), be subject tO' the payment of duties at the rates ~ k • b ti herelnnftcr provided ; that is to say : e.U mow e er. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .. 3561

The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from New ment, but from reports of earlier years it may be assumed that they were not far from $15,000,000. York has expired. The output value being $828,000,000 and payments for materials, l\Ir. PAYNE. l\Ir. Chairman, I ask for an additional five wages, and salaries amounting to approximately $663,000,000, to which minutes. may be added 7 per cent of output value, or about $60,000,000 for rent, taxes, insurance, interest, and other sundry expenses, approximately The CHAIRl\IA.N. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The $100,000,000 is left to cover the cost of selling, packing, distribution, Chair hears none. business losses, and all else, including profits. It is evident that the Mr. FITZGERALD. Amendments were offered to what? net profits of the industry as a whole are not and can not be ~ore than 7 or 8 per cent at the most on either the cost of the merchandise or the Ur. P .A.YNE. The Ilouse adopted a rule by which the com­ capital actually invested. The fallacy of enormous profits in the in­ mittee amendments were given the preference, but individuals dustry, because there are mills that pay from 20 to 40 per cent divi­ did offer amendments to that bill. dends on a capitalization that represents only a quarter or a half of the actual investment or physical valuation, has been fully shown. A 1\Ir. FITZGERALD. To what part of that bill? badly managed mill is almost certain to fail, and a well-conducted en­ Ur. PAYNEl The barley schedule, for instance, and I could terprise makes no more than a reasonable profit. name others. The division of the total output value of the industry is: l\fr. KE1'"TIALL. The lumber schedule also. Cotton goods------$616,524,665 Small wares------13, 174, 111 Mr. PAYNE. And oil. llosiery and knit goods------198, 571, 568 Mr. KENDALL. And hides. The development of the industry can not be shown on a basis of out­ l\Ir. PAY1''E. I do not know the number of things, but they put value, for the reason that in the census year 1899 the average price nre so numerous I can not enumerate them in the five minutes of raw cotton was 6.88 cents a pound, while in 1909 the price averaged 12.68 cents. Measured in terms of raw cotton used in American mills I ha-re. and factories, it appears that there was a gain of about 25 per cent. l\Ir. WILSON of Illinois. l\fr. Chairman-- Measured in yards, there was an increase of 54 per cent in the produc­ tion of plain cloths for printing or converting, of 8 per cent in brown The. CHAIRUAN. Does the gentleman from New York or bleached sheetings and shirtings, of 93 per cent in ginghams, of yfold to the gentleman from Illinois? 80 per cent in fancy woven fabrics; of 148 per cent in corduroy, cotton .i\fr. PAYNE. I do. velvet, and plush; of 126 per cent in lace and lace curtains; of 22 per cent in cotton twine ; and gains large or small in other lines. 1\Ir. WILSON of Illinois. May I suggest to the gentleman Measured by capital, the industry nearly doubled, the increase having that the Republican Party is not in the habit of legislating by been: caucus? l\Ir. PAYNE. Of course the House did it. I supposed my Cotton gOods. Small wares. Hosiery and friend from New York understood that and it was not neces­ knit goods. sary to mention it. The House passed upon these amendments and nobody was bound to vote either way. Gentlemen on this 1 99 ...... $460,842, 772 $6,397,385 $81,860,604 side did not follow me on all of them and they voted as they 1909...... •• •• • • • . • • • • •• • • • ••• • • • . . • . • . 808, 287, 938 12,820, 772 162,854, 787 pleased, some with the Democratic Party, and they were privileged to do so. We did not ask them to go into a Re­ These various evidences of the growth of the industry demonstrate publican caucus and bind themselves in advance. But it the increase in domestic consumption and in the purchasing power of the people. Broadly viewed, there appears to have been an increase is different over there. You have created a body unknown to of perhaps a little more than 25 per cent in production, measured in the Constitution, unknown to legislation in regard to a tariff quantity, but there was an increase of nearly 100 per cen in output bill, to pass upon these bills affecting the great interests of value, due principally to much higher cost of raw material and in part to increased wages to employees. The present high cost of cotton tlJis country, a caucus, a one-sided affair. Nobody but the gen­ goods is attributable far more to the high cost of raw cotton than to tleman from Alabama occupied the floor for the most part, the influences of the tariff. The growth of the industry in the different and according to what we got out of it he was all over the sections of the country is interesting. While there has been a par­ ticularly notable exoansion in the South, the older centers of manu­ floor pretty much all the time. The people representing the facture have not been standin~ still. southern cotton mills sat here speechless. Your constituents The increase is measuralJle m consumption of raw cotton and in the wanted to be heard before the committee, and they plead with number of active spindles.· In 1900 the mills of the cotton-growing States operatln~ 4,367,G88 spindles, used 1,523,168 bales of cotton; in the chairman for a hearing in regard to their business. Oh, rn10, with 10, 01,494 spindles. they used 2,2n2,333 bales. 'rhe mills no; he was turned down; he was turned down-the southern of New England, with 13,171,377 spindles, in 1900 used 1,909,498 bales cotton-mill representative. One of these days he will turn of raw cotton, ancl in HllO, with 16,112;.496 spindles, used 2,016,386 bales. 'l'he fact that the cotton-growing i::ltates used more cotton than about and do something on his own hook, because he bad a was used in New England is explained by the t1·ansfer to the South of right to be heard. [Applause on the Republican side.] They ·a very large part of the trade in coarse and heavy goods, while the New will demand their right to be heard o.f the American people, England mills have given their attention mainly to the finer weaves requiring more and better labor and less raw material. In a 500-pound nnd they will put a party in here that will hear the peop1e. bale of cotton there may be 2,000 yards or less of a coarse and heavy What are you passing this bill for; do you expect it to be­ cloth or 10,000 0:rards or more of fine fabric. The figures for 1909 are come a law? You are trying to put the President in a bole, not yet at band, but the point may be illustrated by the figures for 1905 In that year these products are reported for the respective sections in are _you? Why, Mr. Chairman, if you sent bills there from now yards: until the 1st day of December it will not be a marker in the direction ·of putting the President in a hole. New Eng­ Southern 'l'hat gentleman, statesman, man of brains, and man of rhar­ land. States. acter bas certain settled convictions, and one. of them is in favor of a Tariff Board for collecting eYidence and using it in Brown or bleached shirtings and sheetings ...... 373,000,000 737' 000, 000 the making up of schedules. Do you suppose it is going to em­ Duck ...... 23,000, 000 81,000.000 barrass him to send these crude, ill-examined, uninformed bills Drills: ...... 30,000, 000 164, 000, 000 to him for a veto? Why, he has the greatest opportunity that Ticks, denims, and stripes ...... 109, 000, ()()() 139, 000, 000 a President has had in years to stand up to the convictions Yarns for sale (pounds) ...... 113, 000, 000 20-1,000,000 which he bas so long espoused, and veto these bills one after These products represent quantity of raw material rather than qual another, until you ha-re considered the information which my ity of product. How much can be sha>ed from the present tariff on dear friend from Alabama so much wanted when the question cotton goods without serious danger to the mills, northern or southern, remains to be seen. At least it does not appear, as far as the mills are of a Tariff Board was up for discussion in the House less than concerned, that the profits of the industry are criminally swollen by six months ago. Oh, how he pleaded with you with tears in his Schedule I. eyes! If it is necessary in making a protectiYe tariff, how much Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Chairman, just a word in opposition more necessary will it be when we come to make a tariff for to the gentleman. The gentleman from New York states that re-renue only? [Applause on the Republican side.] this side of the House legislates by caucus. It legislates with The CHAIIlM:AN. The time of the gentleman from New York a unanimous party. [Applause on the Democratic side.] There [M:r. PAYNE] has again expired. is no way that I know of that the party's position can be ascer­ Mr. PAYNE. I will not trespass further now. I will try tained until they meet in caucus. On the other hand, I say it and strike out another word at some other time, :Mr. Chairman. is to the discredit of the gentlemen on that side of the House However, under the leaYe to print I will add now a letter that when the Payne bill came before the last Congress the printed in the New York Sun of August 3, 1911, as follows: Republican Party desired to present it to this House under a THE COTTON INDUSTRY. rule that would prevent any amendment being offered, and it WASHINGTON, August B. was only by the coercion of the gentleman then from Minne­ A preliminary statement issued by the Bureau of the Census shows the product value of the cotton manufactures of the country in moo as sota, J\Ir. Tawney, and other Members on that side of the $828,270,364, including cloth, small wares, hosiery, and knit goods. House, that your party was forced to bring in a rule that al The capital represented by these industries is . 08~,963,497, and the lowed 5 amendments. [.Applause on the Democratic side.] average number of wage earners exceeds 500,000. The cost of the ma· terials used in that year was $477,496,880, and the pay rolls, not includ· It allowed the House to consider 5 items in the bill carrying Ing salaried officials and tbe clerical force, amounted to $171,100,253. as I believe was estimated, in the neighborhood of 4,000 items The payments to officials and clerks are not reported in the state- You allowed the House to vote on 5 propositions and then 3562 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .. AUGUST 3,

ordered it to swallow the bill as a whole or none. [Applause some one funny thing at which I may enjoy laughter, and I on the Democratic side.] have seldom read a funnier joke than is a part of the report That is the difference between the two parties. There is not upon this bill. The gentleman from Alabama, aided by the a man on this side of the House that is bound against his con­ great statistician he is permitted to employ, undertakes on page science or is bound against the will of his constituency, even 46 of his report to · figure out the extra cost to the American if it requires a two-thirds vote in the Democratic caucus to people by reason of the tariff uppn cotton goods. make a proposition binding as a party measure, but has a right The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from IDinois to exempt himself from that caucus rule, and that right has has expired . been availed of a number of times since these matters have .Mr. l\!ANN. Mr. Chairman, I ask for five minutes more. been brought before the House. So that to come here and claim The· CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Illinois asks unani­ that we are shackled is to try and make the country believe mous consent to speak for five minutes more. Is there ob­ a statement that the real facts do not justify. jection? Now, the gentleman from New York [1\Ir. PAYNE] himself Mr. REDFIELD. I object. knows. and every man on that side of the House knows, that Mr. FITZGERALD rose. with the various bills we have considered here men have arisen The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York [Mr. F1Tz­ in the caucus and said that a bill was not in accord with their GER.ALD] is recognized. promises to their constituents or their consciences, exempted Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, the versatility of the themselves from the caucus rule and voted as they pleased, gentleman from Illinois [Mr. MANN] was never better exempli­ without any criticism from anyone on this side of the House. fied than to-day. The gentleman from New York started out to The difference is that we bring a bill before this House-the complain that it was futile to offer amendments to this bill. only time in the history of this House for many years and never No one would expect the gentleman from New York to.expect in the history of the Republican Party-and throw it wide that anybody would adopt the amendments he might propose open. [Applause on the Democratic side.] We allow any man to tariff bills in this session of Congress after the way in which on that side of the House to offer his amendment, make his the people in the last election treated the bill that bears his argument, and present his case to the American people. But name. [Applause on the Democratic side.] when the Payne bill was under consideration we were not From the standpoint of practical results, of course, it is futile only not allowed to offer any amendments, but we could not for the gentleman from New York to offer amendments to this speak in the Committee of the Whole except to the frrn amend­ bill, because his ideas upon tariff legislation have been repudi­ ments that you permitted because the other amendments were ated by the people of the country. [Applause on the Democratic not germane to the bill. [Applause on the Democratic side.] side.] In the first session of the Sixty-first Congress, in which The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. the Payne tariff bill was considered in this House, a special rule Debate on this amendment under the rule has closed, and was adopted for the consideration of the bill, which provided without objection the pro forma amendment of the gentleman that the bill, immediately after the adoption of the rule on the from New York [Mr. PAYNE] will be withdrawn. [After a 5th of April, should be considered under the five-minute rule, but pause.] The Chair bears no objection. that committee amendments to any part of the bill should have Mr. MANN. ~1.r. Chairman, I move to strike out the last two preference, and that amendments should be permitted to be words. offered only to paragraphs 196, 197, 708, 581, 447!, 227, and 228; Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. UNDER­ also an amendment to paragraph 647, and to insert a new para­ woonJ taunts this side of the House because of its division. Yes­ graph, No. 36-!. There were 718 paragraphs in the first section terday we witnessed a remarkable scene in this House in the of the Payne bill, and there were 42 sections in all ; and the tribute which was paid to the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. House was gi1en the privilege of offering amendments to only UNDERWOOD] by the Democratic side of the House. [Applause 9 paragraphs out of 718 in the bill. On the 9th of April the pre­ on the Democratic side.] vious question was to be considered as ordered on the bill and In the last 30 years we have had three different persons as · all pending amendments, and during the entire four days not a candidates of the Democratic Party for President. I remember single line of the bill was read_ excepting amendments offered heai·ing the gentleman who occupies the Speaker's chair in this by the committee under the rule and amendments offered to the House say on the :floor of this House that the greatest calamity particular paragraphs enumerated. that had befallen the human race since the crucifixion of Christ The gentleman from New York [Mr. PAYNE] supported that was the second election of the Democratic candidate, Grover rule. Let me suggest the manner in which it was prepared. Clev-elancl, as President of the United States. [Appla.u e on the There was no caucus of the Republican Party to consider the Republican side.] And yesterday we witnessed the distin­ manner in which that bill should be considered in the House, guished gentleman from Alabnma [Mr. UNDERWOOD] in parlia­ hut " gum-shoe methods " were adopted, and a member of the mentary language calling the gentleman from Nebraska., Mr. majority went about from delegation to delegation to find out Bryan, a liar. The man who was candidate for President three just how little must be yielded in order to get a majority to times on the Democratic ticket could not be honored by a single support the rule. gentleman on the Democratic side rising to d~fend him. [Ap­ Let me read what one gentleman said about it. plause on the Republican side.] And yet they throw stones at us JI.Ir. FORDN"EY . . Mr. Speaker and gentlemen of the House, as much as for the divisions in our ranks, forgetting that all of their house I dislike the wording of this rule, I am going to vote for it. I want to thin say to the gentlemen on this side of the House who have been for sev­ is glass. eral days demanding that certain provisions should be put into this The gentleman from Alabama. [Mr. UNDERWOOD] yesterday rule before they would vote for It-I say to you, gentlemen, some of you stated that the iron and steel schedule was not considered first from the States of Minnesota, and Iowa, and from Kansas, that you are not good Republicans. [Laughter.] You are not good protectionists. by the Democratic members of the Ways and Means Committee [Applause.] You are demanding protection for an industry directly in despite bis request or suggestion to the contrary, and we might your representative district, and demanding free trade on the products be led to assume from the modesty of the statement of the gen­ o! another State, your neighbor. tleman from Alabama that he was least of all on the Democratic Not good Republicans because these gentlemen insisted upon side. Why, Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Alabama, OscAR an opportunity to offer and vote upon some amendments to that U:tflJERWOOD, is not only the leader of the Democratic majority infamous tariff law. in the IIouse, but he is the Democratic majority. [Applause and The gentleman from New York [Mr. PAYNE] spoke on this laughter.] He is not only the chairman of the Ways and Uea.ns rule, and what did he say? Committee, but he is the Ways and MeanB Committee. [Laugh­ Gentlemen, there has never been a moment since I have had n seat in ter and applause.] this House that I did not believe that the wisdom of a majority of the In the old days they used to honor the Speaker of the House Republican Party, after full consideration of a question, was better than my own, and I was willing to follow, no matter who led the great · as being the Grand Chief Mogul, the man of power. The Speaker mass of Republicans and blazed the way. [Applause on the Republican of the House to-day is the servant, not the master, of the gen­ side.] tleman from Alabama. [Laughter on the Republican side.] So, gentlemen, we should surrender our individual opinions, we should surrender for the good of our party, we should surrender for the good And when our friend from Alabama describes how he was over­ of the country. This is the way all great measures are passed in the ridden by the Democratic members of his committee he is too House of Representatives, and with the Democratic Party carping and modest. He is "It," in the language of to-day, and I can fore­ criticising and ready to do mischief in any way they can. There are a few dissatisfied gentlemen on this side, but l want them to stop and see, conceding some divisions on our side, the beautiful har­ think how many industries they might destroy for wnnt of prope1· mony that will exist among the Democrats of the country, with knowledge and information. How many industries might you destroy OscAR UNDERWOOD on one side and the gentleman from Ne­ not only in the whole country, but even in your own congressional dis· braska, Mr. Bryan, on the other, pulling hair and calling each trict? other liars. [Laughter and applause on the Republican side.] We had our full consideration in a caucus; you had yours in l\Ir. Chairman, it is not my intention to discuss to any ex.tent the hallways and the corridors of the Capitol, wllere nobody the pending bill, but I make it a rule each day to find at least could speak in the open. [Applause on the Democratic side.] 191L CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .. 3563

The CHAlRM.A.N. The time of the gentleman from New Mr. COOPER. Mr. Chairman, the speech just made by the York bas expired. gentleman from New York fl\Ir. FrrzGERALD] will soon, in my Mr. MANN. Does the gentleman desire more time? If so, I judgment, create a national po.litical issue. and if he stands on hope he may have it. the side which he has now indicated he will stand upon when lfr. FITZGERALD. I do not like to intrude on the courtesy that issue comes before the American electorate, he will be, or of the Committee of the Whole. ought to be, defeated. Mr. LONGWORTH. I ask unanimous consent that the gen­ When a man announces in advance that, upon a. bill proposed tleman may proceed for five minutes. to be enacted into a law for this Republic, he will enter a secret The CHAIR.MAN. The gentleman from Ohio asks unanimous meeting, pledged in advance to permit that meeting to control consent tha.t the gentleman from New York [Mr. FITZGERALD] his vote on that bill on this floor, he in my judgment-and I may proceed for five minutes. Is there objection? [After a say it with all respect for him-violates the oath which he pause.] The Chair hears none. [Applause.] takes in this House. [Applause on the Ilepublican side.] Mr. FITZGERALD. l\Ir. Chairman, I desire to express my No Representative in Congress, I care not who he may be, gratitude to the House. can justify himself for agreeing· in advance that in helping to Why should the gentleman from New York [Mr. PAYNE] make laws for the people of the United States his vote shall be complain because the Democrats in the House are willing to controlled by a party caucus. adopt his theory of party management and to hold caucuses, A conference differs from a caucus. I will go into a confer­ and to thrash out whatever differences they may have upon ence interested in the welfare of the Nation, interested in the legislation, and after a full and free conference ha·rn the minor­ welfare of my party, but I will leave that conference free to ity of our party acquiesce in the will of the majority? That Yote as my deliberate judgment says is ·right, for my oath is is the Democratic doctrine, and although it seems to be the not to support my party at the expense of the country. [Ap· only Democratic theory ever adopted by my colleague from plause on the Republican side.] The oath of a Ilepresentative • New York [l\lr. PAYNE], I am sure that we desire to congratu­ in Congress is that he will discharge the duties of his office to late him that he should feel that sense of party responsibility. the best of his ability, and that oath will not permit him to sur­ The gentleman from Kew York [Mr. PAYNE] in that same render his judgment and his conscience into the keeping of a speech pointed out that responsibility for tariff legislation was caucus. upon that side of the House in the last Oongress, and that it Legislation by secret caucus is defended by some good men, would accept the responsibility and abide by the result after but it opens the way for mediocrity and cowardice, shrinking the· people had an opportunity to pass upon it · The people ha:n~ from duty, to go before the people and say, "It was not what I had that opportunity. The result has not been as satisfactory wanted at all, nor what I thought right, but the caucus told me as the gentleman from New York [Ur. PAYNE] would ha·re to vote for it and I obeyed." It makes the oath read like this: preferred, and it ill becomes him in a "carping spirit," to use I solemnly swear to support the Constitution of the Unit.ed an expression of his own, to criticize this side of the House for States, and discharge the duties of my office to the best of my assuming responsibility and inviting the judgment of the people ability, "provided, of course, that I shall vote as the caucus upon their · action. If the gentleman from New York belieYes dictates." That is the proviso in every Democrat's oath in this that the paragraph just read, or any other paragraph in this House if the gentleman from New York is correct. [Applause bill, is not the best from the standpoint either of his own pe­ on the Hepublican side.] culiar tariff views or of any other gentleman, let him submit A Reprernntative entering a . caucus pledged in advance to his amendment. If it be good, I am sure it will receive at ieast obey its comrru.mds, and failing to do so, is taunted with having the united suppor·t of that side of the House in this Congress, yfolated his word and with being a traitor to his party. Not although it did not even receirn such support in the last Oon­ only this, but he is punished by being deprived of patronnge. gress. It could not be expected that this side of the Honse Hr. FITZGERALD. Will the gentleman yield? would now acquiesce in the leadership of my colleague from Mr. COOPER. Yes. . New York [Mr. PAYNE] on tariff matters, because we came here .Ur. FITZGERALD. Did not the gentleman himself enter a commissioned by the people to follow a different leadership in conference in which he pledged himself to abide by the action tariff matters, and not to accept the views of my colleague [Mr. of the conference? PAYNE]. . !Ir. COOPER. I ha\°e refused to attend meetings called as Mr. PAYI\"E. If the ·gentleman is afraid that his side of the caucuses to consider legislation, and ham walked out of cau­ House will not Yote for any amendment I offer, why, under cuses because unwilling to be bound by them. the name of Rea ven, did he bind the other side not to vote for l\Ir. FITZGERALD. In relation to the Speakership, did not any amendments? the gentleman go into a conference and bind himself to be Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, why was the gentleman bound in the last Congress? from New York wiiling to enter a Republican caucus and to Mr. COOPER. No, sir. The gentleman means the time that acquiesce in the will of the majority in that caucus if he is the gentleman from Illinois was elected? not willing that we should do the same? It is unfortunate, of Mr. FITZGERALD. I think it was somebody from that sec­ course, that he happens to be a member of a party at pre ent tion of the country. [Laughter.] that is unable to caucus upon any question \vhatever. [Laugh­ The CILHRl\IAN. The time of the gentleman from Wiscon­ ter on the Democratic side.] A party that is unable to unite sin has expired. ernn in the selection of their distinguished leader in this body, :Ur. COOPER. .Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to and unable to fill an important position in another body un­ proceed for five minutes more. mentionable here. [Laughter on the Democmtic side.] The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? It is unfortunate that this difference does exist, but the gen­ There was no objection. tleman can not complain of us on that account. But let me l\Ir. COOPER. Ur. Chairman, the gentleman from Alabama sa3' this, ~Ir. Chairman, some gentlemen on that side have [Mr. UNDERWOOD], in opening the debate on the pending bill, frequently inquired as to what transpired in the Democratic said that it was strictly a revenue bill-that is, one imposing caucus; tbey have shown great anxiety to know the reasons a tnriff for rerenue only. A. tariff for revenue only means a that induced members of the Democratic caucus to take action tariff to secure revenue, without regard to anything else. The along certain lines. ~hey can very readily obtain the informa­ bill is one of great importance. On January 30 last the gen­ tion they want if they are unable to bring themselves to that tleman from Alabama said, in speaking of the House Tariff state of mind where they are willing to enter a Ilepublican Board-I read from the Co~GRESSIONAL IlECORD of that date: caucus and to abide by the action of the caucus; they can I would rather bave it (the Tariff Commission) appointed by the entei· a Democratic caucus, and if they are willing to be bound House. if I could; but if I can not, I will take a board appointed by the by the rules of a Democratic caucus they can participate in its President, if it shall be a board only to gather facts. deliberations as to legislation. Congress has directed this Tariff Board to present its facts · Mr. COOPER. Will the• gentleman yield for an interrup­ at the meeting of Congress next December. Then the gentle­ tion? man from Alabama proceeded : Mr. FITZGERALD. Yes. You know, and every Democrat here knows, tha.t one of the greatest difficulties we have bad to face is that when the Ways and Mcana l\Ir. COOPER. Does the gentleman's par& recognize a dis­ Committee .iroes into session to ascertain the facts upon which they can tinction between a caucus and a conference? write a tariff bill the only men that are sufficiently interested to come l\Ir. FITZGERALD. I do; the difference is this: In a caucus before us and give us the facts are the protected industries of the United States. .And yet to-day you would vote to continue that condi­ men are willing to enter and have full and free deliberation, tion, to continue to place us absolutely in the bands of these protected and if they are in a minority, to acquiesce in the will of the interests of this country for the information on which we are to write majority. In a conference they are willing to go in and confer, a tariff bill, and refuse to give us the board that will be c.ompos:.>d of men who, by law, are authorized and directed to investigate under our and if a majority is against them they refuse to be bound. I direction, and to ascertain facts on which we can base an honest tarUf prefer the caucus to the conference. -legislation. 3564 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE- AUGUST 3,

He then went on to say a little later: interest of his Government, has shown cowardice and a willing­ That is true, if you can afford to play hide and seek with the Treas­ ness to submit to party will that is not to be commended, but, ury of the United States, but it is my duty, my fellow Democrats, not on the other hand, a man who has such an exalted opinion of only to write a taritI bill solely for revenue, but also to write one that ts capable of raising sufficient revenue to run this Government, and his own ideas of government that he is not willing to acquiesce we must know what we are doing and not guess at it. [Applause.] in the judgment of a majority of his party on matters of ordi­ Mr. Chairman, in the report which the gentleman from Ala­ nary legislation by that very fact disqualifies himself for effi­ bama has submitted there are 539 pages, as I remember. There cient service in the House of Representatives. [Applause on were i;io public hearings. None of the parties interested in this the Democratic side.] .Most questions that come before this legislation were heard in open session. Here is the report. body do not represent such fundamental principles that a man What do we know as to the accuracy of the conclusions em­ can not affo1·d to acquiesce in the wisdom of a majority of his bodied in this voluminous document? The gentleman from coll~gues. Alabama wrote the following letter, which I shall place in the l\1r. COOPER. Mr. Chairman-- RECORD, with the permission of the committee : The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Kentuclry yield COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS, to the gentleman from Wisconsin? HOUSE OF REPRESEXTATIVES, l\fr. SHERLEY. I do. Washington, D. 0., July 6, 1911. Mr. COOPER. Mr. Chairman, I want to suggest to the gen­ Mr. n. M. MILLER, Jr., Charlotte, N. o. tleman that I have ·entered conferences, called as conferences, MY DEAR Sm: The Democratic members of the Ways and Means and abided by the decision of the majority many times. Committee had their first meeting on the cotton schedule this morning. .After looking over the facts before us and the briefs they concluded The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Ken­ not to go into general hearin~ on the subject. ' tucky has expired. I am in receipt of ~he brief you have already filed with the com­ Mr. SHERLEY. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to mittee, and it will receive careful attention. Should you desire to place • further facts before us, I will be glad to receive them personally or by continue for firn minutes. I will probably not use that much letter, as you desire. We will probably be at work on the cotton' sched­ time. ule for the next 10 days before reaching any final conclusion in refer­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Kentucky asks unani­ ence to the matter. Yours, very truly, 0. W. UNDERWOOD, Chainnan. mous consent to continue for five minutes longer. Is there In other words, 10 days were given to the preparation of this objection? [After a pause.] The Chail' hears none. measure-all in secret meetings. I am opposed to legislating in .Mr. COOPER. I want to call the attention of the gentleman that manner. [Applause on the Republican side.] from Kentucky to the trouble there is in this case. I have at­ l\Ir. SHERLEY. l\Ir. Chairman, I sympathize with the dis­ tended party conferences. I have gone with the majority as it tinguished gentleman from Wisconsin. I realize how unfortu­ has decided frequently, and I have often differed with the party nate it is for one to be in such a position that he considers conference and so voted. The trouble with your definition of acquiescence in the will of the majority of his party more or a caucus is that a man entering it has pledged himself in ad­ less treason to his country's good. [Applause and laughter on vance to do what it dictates regardless of what that may be. the Democratic side.] Of course, all of us are not so unfortu­ l\fr. SHERLEY. The gentleman simply states what is not the nately situated. I also appreciate the gentleman's tenderness rule of the Democratic caucus. over having patronage taken from him as·a result of following l\1r. COOPER. That is exactly what the gentleman from New his comictions, but I can not but believe that his position real1y York [.1\Ir. FITZGERALD] said in regard to the Democratic caucus. represents the notion of individualism run mad. He would l\Ir. FITZGERALD. Oh, l\Ir. Chairman-- attempt in this world of events, where every single event is 1\Ir. SHERLEY. I answer that that statement is not accu­ both the child and the parent of dozens of others, to so segre­ rate. gate it as to enable him to express bis individual will as to 1\fr. COOPER. Mr. Chairman-· - that particular event. Legislation on those terms has been l\fr. SHERLEY. Just a moment. The real trouble with the impossible from the beginning of time and will be to the close. gentleman from Wisconsin is more fundamental than the rea­ The only way the gentleman will find it possible to continue his sons he states. The real trouble is that he is bearing a party functions properly in that way is to imitate the example of label when he is not in harmony with that party. That is the his colleague from Wisconsin [Mr. BERGER] and formulate a trouble, and it is the trouble with those who think like him. I party of his own, where he can go into a conference with the have no criticism of the gentleman and his views. I do not calm assurance that whatever the result may be he will be in agree with many of them. I have no criticism of his political entire accord with it. [Laughter.] coterie. But the trouble is that they nre undertaking the im­ The Democratic Party has ne-ver undertaken by caucus to possible; they are undertaking to keep the name, to keep the stifle the conscience of its membership. The rules of that uniform, to keep all of the insignia that point to party identity caucus expressly provide that any man may exempt himself while traveling in an entirely different direction from which that either when he considers in conscience he is bound to vote other­ party travels. wise or '"'hen he considers the mandate of his people compels Mr. GARRETT. Will the gentleman yield? him to vote otherwise. Mr. SHERLEY. Yes. l\lr. COOPER. Will the gentleman permit an interruption? Mr. GARRETT. In line with the remarks that the gentleman Mr. SHERLEY. Oh, yes. is making, I want to call the gentleman's attention to the Mr. COOPER. Mr. Chairman, may I ask the gentleman froni remarks of the gentleman from Wisconsin, made at the beginning Kentucky if the gentleman from New York in response to my of the Sixtieth Congress, in the di cussion of the resolution to question did not say that one entering a Democratic caucus was adopt the rules of that Congress. At the conclusion of his understood to pledge himself in advance to abide its decision speech, after he had summed up the objections he had, the gen­ in his vote? tleman from Wisconsin [l\Ir. CooPER] made this statement: I think it is also unfair to adopt tbe pending resolution because l\Ir. SHERLEY. If the gentleman from New York made that there are about 100 new Members and they hnve not seen the working statement, he made a statement that was not complete, as the of the rules and know little about them. But of course the caucus gentleman himself would be perfectly willing to say. The having adopted what it did adopt the other nlght, it does not become 13ta tement-- me to vote against the resolution. .1\Ir. COOPER. One moment-- [Laughter and applause on the Democratic side.] Mr. SHERLEY. Let me answer your question. The caucus I may say that I can not consistently, as a Republican-for I under­ rules provide where a proposition i<:: carried by two-thirds that stand that the Republicans of the House by unanimous vote adopted this rule in caucus, and that the caucus was properly called althouah it shall be binding upon tho e participating in the caucus, un­ I did. not kno'! it-I c~n not, as I say, consistently vote against the less they shall be in tructed by or ha Ye promised their con­ adopt10n of this resolution. stituency to the contrary or ha-ve constitutional objections to [Applause .on the Democratic side.] abiding by the decision of the caucus. Mr. SHERLEY. I want to say, in justice to the gentleman Now, the propo Hion that I want in all seriousness to sug­ from Wisconsin [Mr. CooPER], thatJ have no doubt that at that gest to the House, becau e the gentleman and some of those of time he did not find that irreconcilable conflict between his own like thinking are constantly assuming a virtue superior to that political convictions and those of his party, and so he did not of tbe membership on that side of the House, or even the mem­ haYe the difficultYi that now confronts him in regard to caucus ber hip of this, are constantly impugning the motives and the action. patriotism of the regular members of the two great parties, 1\fr. COOPER. Will the gentleman permit an interruption? because they believe that conference and agreement is neces­ l\Ir. SHERLEY. Yes. sary to progress in legislation-I want to suggest that this is The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Kentucky the true test, in my judgment, that should regulate men's con­ [l\Ir. SHERLEY] has expired. duct ns Members of the House. Of course, the man who comes .l\f r. COOPER. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that here and surrenders what he believes to be a fundamental cou­ the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. SHERLEY] have fiye minutes -riction, what he believes to be essential to the very highest more. 1911. ' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-.HOUSE. 3565

The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Kentucky Chair hears none. has now expired. :Mr. COOPER Will the gentleman permit me to say that Mr. CLAYTON. l\Ir. Chairman, I move to strike out the last that same extract has been read against me on the stump by four words. men presumably as alert as the gentleman from Tennessee [l\Ir. The CHAIRMAN. The pro forma amendment is withdrawn. GARRETT] and had no effect then, and does not have any effect Mr. CLAYTON. Now, l\fr. Chairman, as a part of .Il'.,ly re­ with anybody now who understands the situation. That was a marks, I request that the Clerk read the preamble and rules of caucus decree. I was not here, and it was only as to the adop­ the Democratic caucus, adopted March 22, 1909. tion of the rules. It did not go to any constitutional question. The Clerk read as follows : I had no opportunity to present my views to the caucus. I did PREAMBLE AND RULES .ADOPTED BY THE DE.llOCR.A.TIC CAUCUS. protest that the rules gave more power to the Speaker than Preamble.-In adopting the following rules :ror the Democratic ought to be given to any man, but it was not a matter of legis­ caucus we affirm and declare that the following cardinal principles lation. It was simply one of procedure, of the conduct of the should control Democratic action: . House of Representatives, and, not having been notified, as I {a) In essentials of Democratic principles and doctrine, unity. {b) In nonessentials, and in all things not involving fidelity to party was on the cars and the notice went to me at my home in principles, entire individual independence. Racine, I knew nothing about the caucus. I came here and (c) Party alignment only upon matters of party faith or party found it had been called, and so I did not oppose the adoption policy. (d) Friendly conference and, whenever reasonably possible, party co­ of the rules. operation. Mr. SHERLEY. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman's explanation Democratic caucus roles.-1. All Democratic Members of the House I of Representatives shall be prima facie members of the Democratic is more remarkable than his action. As understand the ex­ caucus. planation, it is that his first excuse for abiding by his party 2. Any member of the Democratic caucus of the House of Representa­ caucus was that he did not attend the caucus. In other words­ tives failing to abide by the rules governing the same shall thereby and he may be justified in this-he had rather take a Repub­ automatically cease to be a member of the caucus. 3. Meetings of the Democratic caucus may be called by the chairman lican caucus blind than knowingly. His second explanation is upon his own motion, and shall be called by him when.ever requested that it related only to the question of rules. Now, if there has in writing by 25 members of the caucus. 4. A quorum of the caucus shall consist of a majority of the Demo­ been any gentleman who has entertained the House and the cratic Members of the House. country with a dissertation on the importance of rules and how 5. General parliamentary law, with such special rules as may be the adoption of rules control legislation in the primary aspect, adopted, shall govern the meetings of the caucus. it 6. In the election of officers and in the nomination. of candidates for how went to the very essence of government, and how we were office in the House a majority of those present and voting shall bind shackling ourselves, delivering up our birthright as freemen by the membership of the caucus. the adoption of rules, it is the distinguished gentleman from 7. In deciding upon actfon in the House involving party policy or Wisco.nsin [Mr. CooPER]. [Applause on the Democratic side.] principle a two-thirds vote of those present and voting at a caucus meeting shall bind all members of the caucus : Provided, The said two­ And yet he tells you that his position as to going into a caucus thirds vote is a majority of the full Democratic membership of the or into a conference is dependent upon two things: First, that House: And pro'l>ided further, That no Member shall be bound upon questions involving a construction of the Constitution. of the United he shall not know what· the caucus does by attending it; and, States, or upon which he made contrary pledges to his constituents prior second, it shall only relate to a question of procedure. Now, un­ to his election., or received contrary instructions by resolutions or derneath it all does not his very attempt to make this distinc­ platform from his nominating authority. tion show this vital thing, that, as I said in the beginning, acts 8. Whenever any member of the caucus shall determine, by reason of either of the exceptions provided for in the above paragraph, not to be in life eyerywhere, as well as legislative acts, are never segre­ bound by the action of the caucus on those questions, it shall be his gated; they never stand alone. They always bear relation to duty, if present, so to advise the caucus before the adjournment of the the past and to the future. meeting, or, if not present at the meeting, to promptly notify the Democratic leader in writing, so that the party may be ·advised before The wise man is the man who is able to answer the ques­ the matter comes to issue upon the floor of the House. tion-and on that depends always the willingness of Members to 9. That the five-minute rule that governs the House of Representa­ tives shall govern debate in the Democratic caucus unless suspended by go into a caucus-to answer the question whether a particular a vote of the caucus. thing is so vital as to require an expression of one's own views. The foregoing preamble and rules were adopted by the Democratic irrespecti've of consequences or of party position, or whether it caucus of the House of Representatives on this date, March 22, 1909. is not, because all of us know that all civilization is dependent HENRY D. CLAYTON, Chairman. upon the willingness of men to act in concert. That is the w. A. ASHBROOK, A.88i8tant Secretary. intelligent test, and it was with an eye to that test that we Mr. CLAYTON. Now, Mr. Chairman, I desire to say that, have given to men in the Democratic caucus the. right to come prior to the adoption of these rules defining the purpose of a out of it when they believe the matter is of such importance caucus and its limitations, and the individual rights of a Mem­ as that if they do not vote their conviction rather. than the ber participating in that caucus, we had some trouble in the caucus conviction they would be violating their duties as Mem­ Democratc Party, but we have had none since these sensible and bers here. [Applause on the Democratic side.] fair rules were adopted. No man is now compelled to sacrifice Mr. MANN. Mr. Chairman, does the gentleman yield for a his conscience on a constitutional question by any caucus action, question? nor is he compelled to go contrary to the wishes of his con­ The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Kentucky yield stituents because of any caucus action. [Applause on the Demo­ to the gentleman from Illinois? cratic side.] Mr. SHERLEY. Yes. .Mr . .MANN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? Mr. MANN. I . do not know how far the . gentleman would The CHAIR;MAN. Does the gentleman from Alabama yield feel at liberty to disclose the rules of the Democratic cmlcus. to the gentleman from Illinois? I do not happen to have a copy of the Democratic caucus Mr. CLAYTON. I do. rules in my desk, although I thought I had. As I recollect, Mr. MANN. Just to make the record complete, I wish to your caucus excuses a man from abiding by the caucus; first, make an inquiry. The rules which the gentleman has read were on· constitutional grounds; und, second, on the ground that he adopted in 1909. Do I understand these rules have been re­ is pledged otherwise to his constituents. adopted by the Democratic caucus of the present Congress? Mr. CLAYTON. With the indulgence of the two gentle- Mr. CLAYTON. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman's understand­ men-- _ ing is correct. They are the existing rules governing the Demo­ The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from KentucirY yield cratic caucus. I commend to the gentleman, as the· minority to the gentleman from Alabama? leader here, that he formulate similar rules and have his caucus Mr. SHERLEY. Yes ; I yield. adopt them [applause and laughter on the Democratic side], and Mr. CLAYTON. I have the caucus rules here. I intended then, perhaps, he can have a united party. And in that coill1ec­ to have them read for information, and I think it would be tion, if he will permit me, I will say that prior to the adoption well for our Republican brethren to have a copy of these rules of these fair and sensible rules we used to ha\e a divided party and adopt them as the rules of their caucus. [Applause and and the same trouble that he has on his side now. The Demo­ laughter on the Democratic side.] . cratic Party here is now coherent, forceful, and united, and is Mr. MANN. As for that, we are quite as likely to do that doing business in behalf of the best interests of the people. · as we are to copy your legislation. [Laughter on the Repub­ Mr. l\IANN. Will the gentleman again yield? lican side.] The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Alabama yield Mr. OLAYTON. I send the copy up to the Clerk's desk and to the gentleman from Illinois? ask that it be read. Mr. CLAYTON. I do. The CHAIBMAN. The Clerk will read the preamble and l\Ir. MA.i"\TN. I will say to the gentleman from Alabama that rules as part of the remarks of the gentleman from Alabama. I have studied these rules, and the more I study them the less Mr. SHERLEY. Mr. Chairman, I have yielded the floor for use I have for them. [Laughter and applause on the Repub­ the purpose of permitting the reading of the resolution. lican side.] 3566 CONGRESSIONAL llECORD-HOUSE. AUGU.ST 3,

Mr.· CLAYTON. Of course, the gentleman from Illinois is Now, these caucus rules, they say, are bad, infamous, very still obstinate in his adherence to Republican wrongdoing. outrageous; but I ham risen here to call the attention of [Laughter and applause on the Democratic side.] You oughr, the other side of this Chamber and the people of the Nation to get right once in a while. Of course, the more nearly right to the fact that at least three of the bills indorsed by this in­ you become the more Democratic you become. [Applause on the famous Democratic caucus have already been passed by a Re­ Democratic side.] publican Senate with very few changes. If these bills are so Now, Mr. Chairman, that is all I desire to say. I wanted to bad, if the action of our Democratic caucuses have been so have these rules read into the RECORD simply in view of the outrageous, how is it that when these bills go to the other end prophecy of my friend the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. of this Capitol they receive a majority in a Republican Senate? COOPER]. [Applause on the Democratic side.] The CHAIRl\IAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. i\lr. RUSSELL. A lot of Republicans voted for them here. Mr. MADISON. l\Ir. Chairman, gentlemen on the other side Mr. POU. Yes; quite a number of Republicans here voted for ruay talk and reason and explain. They may enter into long these bills. and complex explanations and reasons and theories as to how l\Ir. RUSSELL. One bill passed unanimously. the caucus rules and caucus actions of the Democratic Party l\Ir. POU. I believe the gentleman from Kansas [Mr. l\IADI­ work, bnt .the fact of the matter is that real consideration and soN] T"oted for nearly eT"ery bill that has so far been indorsed discussion of measures in the House of Representatives under by a Democratic caucus. [Applause on the Democratic side.] the present system ha-ve enued. Sooner or later that fact will .Mr. CLAYTON. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? become apparent to the people of this country. It is a condition l\fr. POU. I will yield to the gentleman. bound in time to work evil results to the rights and interests of l\Ir. -CLAYTON. I desire to ask the gentleman if he does not the American people. We all understand that general debate, think that it is better that the action of the party in control of outside of the few explanatory speeches made by the leaders on the House be guided by that majority party in caucus rather each side, is a senseless and a useless thing, that nobody listens than it be guided by the action of the Speaker and a little to it, that nobody is convinced by it, that no -vote is influenced coterie of Rules Committee of his appointment? by it. Now, to-day, we have the remarkable object lesson of Mr. POU. I most certainly do. the ranking minority member of the Ways and Means Com­ l\1r. CLAYTON. In the present House tlie whole Democratic mittee rising here in this House and saying in substance, " I Party decides what the Democratic Party ought to do, whereas have no amendments to offer to this bill, because this matter in Republican Congresses the Speaker and his own little select has been concluded in a secret caucus of the Democratic Mem­ Rules Committee decided what the Republican Party ought to bers, and the offering of amendments and the discussion o:! do. [Applause on the Democratic side.] them would be futile." l\fr. POU. Yes. That is what we saw here for 10 years Mr. POU. l\Ir. Chairman-- under Republican rule, until the House of Representatives got The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Kansas yield to to be a laughing stock throughout the Nation. · the gentleman from North Carolina? Mr. JACKSO~. Will the gentleman yield? l\fr. ?i1ADISON. Not now. l\Ir. POU. I will. . . The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman declines to yield. Mr. JACKSON. Does the gentleman know of any bills lli. MADISON. And there is not a man who sits upon ti e which have come from a Democratic caucus, passed this House, other side of this House but knows that the statement made by and passed the Republican Senate without amendment? Were the gentleman from New York [Mr. PAYNE] is absolutely true. not most of the amendments that were proposed voted down in [Applause on the Republican side.] this House at the behest of the Democratic caucus? . I would not now presume for one moment as a l\lember of Mr. POU. I believe the reciprocity bill was passed without the House of Representatives to offer an amendment to this any amendments; that came out of a Democratic caucus, and bill, and I know of some amendments that gentlemen on the there have been at least two other bills passed by a Ilepublican other side, if they had free will, if they had opportunity to act, Senate with immaterial changes. would be glad to adopt; and so do you, every one of you. l\Ir. JACKSON. Of course the gentleman will use his judg­ Every man who sits in this House understands that ever since ment and we will use ours about what is material -and what the conYening of this Congress every measure of importance is immaterial. Does the gentleman mean to characterize the has been determined in a secret caucus, and that the offering reciprocity measure as a Democratic measure? of amendments or. the discussion of one was a futile, an idle, l\Ir. POU. It would have never seen daylight without the and a senseless thmg. Why, you passed upon the publicity bill Democratic support that it got, and your President has said so. in your caucus. A gentleman from my State [Mr. JACKSON] He publicly acknowledged this sppport. [Applause on the Dem­ offered an amendment before you had your system working to ocratic side.] If I am not mistaken, a majority of the Repub­ perfection. Some Members on that side responded to their own lican Party voted against the reciprocity bill. It would not be wills and consciences and voted for the right. Immediately the a law to-day but for the Democratic support that it got, and it .cry went up, " It is contrary to the party decision in caucus," would not be on the statute books to-day but for the indorse­ and every one of those men, according to my recollection, ment of the Democratic caucus. came back into line. You talk about it not shackling the con­ l\Ir. NORRIS. That ought to be enough to condemn it. sciences and minds of Members. We had an absolute, prac­ Mr. LENROOT. Will the gentleman yield? tical demonstration of it here in the House of Representatives. l\Ir. POU. Yes. Talk about comparison with the old system. Everyone under­ Mr. LENROOT.· The gentleman referred to two other bills stands that that was bad enough, but when the Payne-Aldrich passed by the Senate. I would like to ask him if the woolen tariff bill was here before us there was an opportunity given bill is one of them? · us at least to express our opinion, unshackled, upon some of Mr. POU. . It is. the most important items in that bill, and as a result the gen­ Mr. LENROOT. I am glad to know that the gentleman con­ tleman from ~ebraska [Mr. NORRIS] offered an amendment siders the amendments to the woolen bill immaterial. It will pµtting petroleum and its products upon the free list. some­ no doubt make it easy to agree to the conference. thing that the American people had contended for for years Mr. POU. I did not mean to say the amendments were imma· and he was appealing to a free. unshackled House; and as ~ terial, except by way of comparison. I say now the amend­ result hi~ amendment was adopted. [Applause on the Repub- ments can not be regarded as of great importance when com­ lican side.] . pared with the bills themselves that have been passed by the The CIIAIRl\fAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. House. l\Ir. POU. Mr. Chairman, after all there is a good deal of The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. play to the gallery in all this talk about men being bound by a Mr. POU. I ask for three minutes more. · caucus to violate their oaths or surrender· their convictions. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from North Carolina asks When this Congress assembled our Republican friends thought unanimous consent that he may proceed for three minutes. Is they were going to see this side split up into warring factions. there objection? - They said when it came to revising the tariff we never could There was no objection. agree. That was a prediction often made. ·Now, on the con­ 1\Ir. POU. Now, Mr. Chairman, I merely rose to tkow out trnry, they see this side of the Chamber united, passing one bill this suggestion, and I l:relieve I am indicating what it is that is after another with hardly a break in our ranks, and that, .Mr. troubling our friends on the other side. We are standing shoul­ Chairman, is the "nigger in the woodpile.'' The truth is, we der to shoulder over here, and our Republican friends on the are making good, and some of our friends · on· the other side of other side are alarmed about it, because you know what that the aisle would gladly divert the attention of the people of tlle means. [Applause on the Democratic side.] But we are. going Nation from the record of this Democratic House. [Applause to continue to stand shoulder to shoulder, and we are not' going on the Democratic side.] . to be deterred by suggestions that anybody has v~o!ated his oath, 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3567• because that is absolutely without foundation. The Democratic the ability to carry out the mission for which they were sent caucus does not require any man to violate his oath; it never here, they therefore violate their oaths in abiding by the magnifi- has and never will. · cent American work of this Democratic majority in Congress. l\Ir. FITZGERALD. Will the gentleman yield? [Applause on the Democratic side.] . l\Ir. POU. Certainly. l\lr. COOPER. l\Ir. Chairman, I rise to reply to the inter- Mr. FITZGERALD. Did I understand the gentleman to say rogatories of the distinguished gentleman from New York [Mr. that the gentleman from Kansas [Mr. l\IADISON] had voted CONNELL], who spoke of the "majestic" Democratic majority. practically for ey-ery bill thus far indorsed by the Democratic [Laughter and applause on the Republican side.] I never have caucus? seen anything else so "majestic." [Laughter on the Republican Mr. POU. I understand it is so. side.) Think of a majority of a caucus being "majestic," espe- 1\Ir. FITZGERALD. And has he been complaining about the cially a majority of a Democratic caucus on a tariff bill. character of those bills? [Laughter.] The gentleman is a scholar, a rhetorician, an elo- hlr. POU. I have not heard any complaint made by the gen- quent orator, but really he ought to consult his thesaurus and tleman from Kansas. hunt up something besides "majestic" for a Democratic caucus. Mr. JAMES. Will the gentleman yield? [Laughter and applause on the Republican side.] Mr. POU. Yes. Now, I will say to the gentleman that I predicated my criti- Mr. · JAMES. The gentleman from Kansas makes this com- cism of the caucus and of the action of the Democratic ma- plaint, that the Democratic caucus has such a bad effect on jority upon the reply made to my question by the distinguished him that he knows of a good amendment that ought to be gentleman from New York [Mr. FITZGERALD]. I asked him if a adopted, but he is going to refuse to offer it. Does not the Hepresentative who entered a Democratic caucus did so bound gentleman think it is the gentleman's duty to the Republican in advance to abide its decree. He said, in effect, yes. His State of ~ansas, which he in part represents, to offer it, and answer was complete. He did not interrupt me to say that his show to the country what bad Democrats we are not to take answer was not complete. But when the character of the such a good amendment offered by him? [Laughter.] How answer was made plain to the conscience and intelligence of the can he refuse to offer that amendment? It is evident, if he "majestic" majority [laughter] his distinguished friend, the does not that the bad acti-0n of a Democratic caucus has had a gentleman from Kentucky [l\Ir. SHERLEY], seeing the point, took horrible 'effect on a Republican when it makes him lie down and the floor and announced what the gentleman from New York quit when he has a good thing. [Laughter on the Democratic himself did not know-that the answer of the gentleman from side.] Kew York was not complete. So he added a proviso and some l\Ir. MADISON. Mr. Chairman, I want to say to my friend addenda which made it quite a different thing from that first from Kentucky that if the gentleman will agree to unshackle enunciated by the gentleman from New York. But I am still as the minds and release all the Members on the Democratic side, much as ever opposed to having such power given to a Demo- ! will gladly offer it, but until he does it would be futile. era tic caucus. · I would not gile it to a Republican caucus. Mr. JAMES. And there is this suggestion I wanted to make, It is only an attempt, in principle, to embody here what the where the gentleman would fail to give to his constituency the Republican Party in its famous convention of 1880 forever ban­ advantage of this information. ished from its councils. I refer to the unit rule for State dele­ The CHAIRMAN. 'l.'he time of the gentleman from North gations. A few men in New York and a few in IlHnois in that Carolina has expired. famous rear sought to have the unit rule established and the l\Ir, :MlL.1\fN. l\Ir. Chairman, just a moment, to contribute a delegates representing congressional districts bound by a major­ little to the gaiety of nations. If the will and power of the ity Yote of the respective State delegations. Under such a unit Democratic cancu. has ever been exemplified, it is in the docility rule if 31 delegates of a State delegntion were in fayor ot a displayed by the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. Pou] in proposition and 29 were opposed, the 31 delegates would vote the the defense which he ma'kes of the Democratic caucus. In prior whole 60 in the conrnntion. After a sh·uggle the Republican Congresses be was a member of the great Committee on Ways Party forever abolished the unit rule from its conventions. The anll 1\Iea.ns, and ,when the Democratic caucus met it took him off unit rule in a convention is in principle no worse.than the major­ that committee, and yet he kisses the hand that smote him for ity or two-thirds rule in a secret caucus is in Congress. Only fear it will smite harder in the future. The power of the Demo- conferences, not caucuses, should be called to consider legisla­ cratic caucus over the minds of gentlemen on that side of the tirn measures. l\Iost men, and I am one of them, are interested House is well shown when the gentleman from North Carolina, in their party, its traditions, and its prospects. kicked off the Committee on Ways and l\Ieans becau e of his con- The CHAIR:\f.AN. The time of the gentleman has expired victions. thrown out because of his beliefs, rises and attempts to Mr. COOPER. l\fr. Chairman, I ask for five minutes. · defend and does defend the attitude of the caucus in throwing l\Ir. UNDERWOOD. Do ·some other gentlemen on that side him onto the waste heap. [Laughter on the Republican side.] desire to speak? l\Ir. CONKELL. l\Ir. Chairman, the gentleman from North l\Ir. C.AN.r'ON. I would like to have five minutes. Carolina [l\Ir. Pou] a moment ago observed that he thought l\Ir. NORRIS. I would like to ba..-e fiye minutes. . there is a good deal of gallery play in all this talk about caucus l\Ir. UNDERWOOD. I understand there are three gentlemen rule. I have sat in every Democratic caucus that has been held on that side. · here, and I baYe felt, individually, that I was absolutely free to l\Ir. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that debate on this act according to my own conscience, and I haYe now beard the paragraph and all amendments thereto be closed in 30 minutes rules read. The gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. COOPER], in. and that 20 minutes may go to that side of the House and 10 his brilliant speech a moment ago, observed that when Demo- minutes to this, as I understand four gentlemen over there era ts entered their caucus and abided by it they broke the oath de ire to speak. which they took as 1\Iembers of this House. Now, after having Mr. CANNON. That is as to this paragraph; of course that lleard the rules read and having heard all that has been said is all you could ask for. ' abont the freedom of ~Iembers in that caucus, I want to ask tile Mr. U1'"'DERWOOD. Yes; this pn:ragraph. geutlem:m from Wisconsin if he still sticks to that statement in The CHAIRMAN. · The gentleman from Alabama asks unani~ the vresence of this House? When the gentleman has answered mous consent that all debate on this paragraph and a)l amend- that. I wnnt to ask him-- ments thereto be closed in 30 minutes. Is there objection? .Mr. COOPER. l\1r. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from New York yield l\Ir. COOPER. Mr. Chairman, replying to the inquiry of the to the gentleman from Wisconsin? gentleman from New York, let me call the gentleman's attention l\Ir. CO::\TNELL. I decline to yield. [Laughter.] I want to to the fact that his caucus rule provides that a Re1wesentative gi1e him an opportunity to answer a further question. I want is excused from obeying the caucus if he declares that there is to a k if he belie,·es that there is ever a possibility that men involved a constitutional question, or any other question con­ who haYe found it impossible to abide by a Republican caucus cerning which he has pledged his constituency or upon which because of its tyranny, and who baYe disrupted that party, will he was by them instructed. . As to every other question than eyer understand that there is a difference between the cyrunni- those, he must yield to the caucus. But the gentleman from cal caucus in the Republican Party, which wrought disaster, New York must know that there are many questions of the and this majestic Democratic majority which bas put forth greatest importrmce to the people of tbe United States that do legis1a tion in this Congress? I want to ask the gentleman to not involve any possible infraction of the Constitution. nnswer those two questions, and then let him_ get together with Some important and wrongful bills which have been proposed him~elf, and if be can not find some intellectual or moral or in the House of Representati"res have not involved any constitu­ Repnblican reason for getting out of his own councils, let him tional question. I remember that in the Fifty-third Congress not tell this body of Democratic Representatives, direct from a bill was reported to extend for 50 years at 3 per cent the the people, that because they have the courage, the wiSdom, and debts of the Pacific railroads. Had the bill gone before a ;xLVII-224 OONGRESSION AL RECORD-HOUSE.: AUGUST 3,,

caucus it would ha·rn been approved. But when it came up for l\fr. CANNON. l\fr. Chairman, does it behoove me to try to · debate upon the floor it took but a plain, detailed analysis of put my head on the shoulders of any gentleman who was elected the evidence to defeat the majority of the Committee on Pa­ as a Republican who sees proper to \ote for this bill? He is cific Railroads and for the first time in 30 years defeat the responsible to his constituency. If they do not reckon with him, men who were back of the scheme. If the policy which the I have not the power to do so. gentleman now defends hnd then obtained, the funding bill I wish that this side, the minority, could be a unit against would have been forced into a caucus. I could not have at­ this bill. Ah, gentlemen say the foundation of Ilrotection was tended without agreeing in admnce that I would be bound by ruptured and one-third of it was wined out of existence when its decree, because there was no constitutional question in­ you passed the reciprocity bill, "and~ therefore," they say, ''we "tolred. :My constituents knew nothing about the subject. I ne--rer will pay back now and touch the Republicans in both House had heard of it until appointed upon the committee. Now, I nnd Senate who voted for that bill." Well, us for me, I will would not have attended the caucus, and so I could not h:ne keep the Republican faith. presented the argument to the caucus which I, in common with If I have a window to protect my house, to Jet in the light others, presented on this floor and which resulted in the defeat and shut out the cold, :md somebody on the out~itle, or perlrnps of the measure. one or two or a few on the inside, break one-thinl of it, shall I This is an illustration which o'°erwhelmingly demonstrates take a club and smash the other two-thirds of the winme. When it was announced that no man who voted as I did could remain on the ing the caucus. committee, I thought we might as well fight out the difference I Mr. FITZGERALD. The gentleman was one of that group. know that this announcement did not receive the approval of ·Mr. Mr. NORRIS. I thought the gentleman was wrong, and I CLARK or Mr. UNDERWOOD, and I know also that Mr. CLARK would have insisted on my remaining on the committee if the fight alon"' this have condemned him on occasion many times, but never have I line h:ad been kept up, and I have an idea that his wishes would have condemned him for refusing to follow the caucus rule. prevailed. Mr. FITZGERALD. Oh, well, that was the only ground of " NOTHING TO FIGHT FOR. condemnation, because I was right as far as the suggestions I ".It is now understood perfectly that there is to be n.o discrimination made for the modification of the rules were concerned, because agamst anyone on account of any vote heretofore cast, and it is also understood that as far as possible all differences are to be held in abey­ so far as I am a ware all of the regular Republicans voted for ance during the Sixty-second Congress. So far as I am concerned, I my modifications in the last Congress, and all of the gentle­ can not see that anything is left to Ught for, and I think it would be man's friends, as well as the Democrats, voted for them in this puerile for me to continue to fight for a place I had already voluntarily agreed to give up and to decline to accept assignments which my Congress, so that they have been unanimously indorsed by the friends know I very much prefer because some report sent out from two sides of the House, and the only condemnation that could Washington has sai.l I could not again be elected on the Ways and have been invoked upon me was that I did not follow the caucus Means Committee. I shall accept the places which Mr. CLARK and Mr. UNDERWOOD ask me to accept. I have made no campaign for any rule. It ill becomes the gentleman now to make this charge. position, have not solicited support from my colleagues, and have What is the fact? Here is a bill to revise rates upon certain only written two letters about committee assignments in response to letters written by colleagues to me. items affected by the tariff law. Some gentlemen think the "From the day I came to Washington. before Congress met, I have duty should be 25 per cent, some think it should be 20 per cent, done what I could, absolutely regardless of any personal ambition, and some think it should be 15. Each individual can not have to help settle in a proper and honorable manner all dilferences which the particular rate that in his opinion is accurate, and so it is were calculated to divide the Democrats of the House. I believe both Mr. CL.ABK and Mr. UNDERWOOD will very cheerfully indorse this state­ necessary for them to accommodate their differences and to ment. The prospects for Democratic victory in 1912 are so bright that agree upon some rate in which all will acquiesce. The Repub­ I would feel like a criminal if I bad pursued any other course. I would licans now protest because the Democrats are not willing to gladly serve on the Committee on Ventilation and Acoustics, if by so doing I can help elect a Democratic President in 1912. permit them to unite in their conferences and keep the rate up to such figures as will again meet the condemnation of the peo­ " WILL SUPPORT KITCHIN. "The tentative agreement reached is entirely agreeable to me. I ple. 1\fembers on this side of the House have come together in could not be better satisfied, even if I had made a fight from a selftsh caucus, not in some secret caucus; they met in this Hall, and standpoln.t. I think the country will see the Democrats o! the next 3572 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .. AUGUST 3,:

House more united, if possible, under the leadership of Mr. CLARK and Mr .. MANN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last Mr. UNDERWOOD than we have ever been before. North Carolina will d have representation on a larger number of the great committees which wor · formulate and control legislation than ever before. I shall very gladly When I was interrupted this morning by the extreme courtesy support Mr. KITCHIN in the caucus for a place on the Ways and Means of a gentleman on that side of the House objecting to my pro­ Committee. His services deserve the very highest recognition. ceeding for five minutes, a courtesy which is appreciated by " If I have done what is best to promote the success of m:y party without surrendering one iota of the principles in which I beheve; if other Members as well as by myself, and without any feeling I have done what is best for the interest of my colleagues from North on my part, I was calling attention to a statement on page 46 of Carolina; if the result shall enable me to show my gratitude to some the report which undertakes to show that the tariff cotton of those who for years have so loyally supported me, it would seem that I have some reason to be content." chedule costs the people of this country $200,000,000. I do not Hon. CHAMP CLARK read Mr. Pou's statement before it was given propose to discuss that except as to the method of arriving at to the press, and said : . th s It " Every word of Mr. Pou's statement respecting what took place between e re u · him and me is the exact truth. His course from the beginning is de- The gentleman from Alabama [l\Ir. UNDERWOOD] reports that serving of the highest commendation." the total cotton goods consumed in the United States amounts Mr. POU. Now, I will say furthermore to the gentleman to $ '3!),241,6i5 in mill value, and says that this is increased 25 from Illinois, that I got the assignments I wanted, pnrticularl~· per cent by rea~on of the tariff schedule, and then figures up one. I was in the beginning and am now perfectly satisfied how much the increai;:e is. He figures the increased cost to the with my committee as ignments. The caucus did more for me American people at ., 200,593,673. I was curious when I looked than I ha·rn ever deserved, and I stood up in the caucus and at these to ascertain how the gentleman arrived at his last put in nomination the gentleman from my own State, who is figures. And it is apparent that the eminent statistician em­ now on tbe Committee on Ways and Means. [Applause on the ployed by the gentleman from AJabama took 25 per cent, or Democratic side.] I was willing then and would be now to endeavored to take 25 per cent, of the total value of the goods make any reasonable sacrifice consistent with honor and dignity consumed. In other words, claiming that the goods were in­ to aid the great party to which I belong, because under God I creased in value 25 per cent, he endea\ored to divide $839,241,­ believe its principles are right. [.Applause on the Democratic 675 by 4. in order to get the 25 per cent adrnnce. E·ren in that side.] Now those are the facts about this matter, and in order the gentleman was not able to make a correct computation. to settle the facts for all time to come, if anybody wants to Even in dividing a sum by 4 the gentleman is unable to arrive challenge the statement I have made, I shall ask the Speaker to at a correct result, because if you di\ide the sum .which he say whether I have correctly stated what occurred. ! ~o not gi,es by 4 in order to get 25 per cent, instead of making $209,­ see him in the Chamber, but he ha.s already done t~1s m.,. the E93,G73, it would make $209,810,418.75. If be had said $209,­ press, and I know he would not hesitate to do so agam. Now, I C00.000 was 25 per cent of the total sum I should have been haying 13aid this much, I am sure the gentleman from Illinois perfectly agreeable to that. but when he figures it down to $3 at will be willing to correct his statement that I was kicked off a the end, and his com.putation is se\eral hundred thousand dol­ committee. If the statement had been true, does not the gentle- I Jars out of the way, as a mere matter of arithmetical division man thinl{ it is ~ bl.ow just a little below the belt? [Applause by 4, I should have supposed that the gentleman's great statis- on the Democratic s1de.J. . . tician nt least bad gone far epough to be able to divide by 4. Mr. MANN. l\1r. Chairman, I rarely mduJge m any personal But take the theory of the computation. If these goods had a reflections in tbe House, and I should not ha~e made the refer- certain yalue at tbe mills, and 25 per cent was added to that ence I did to the gentleman from North Carolma, but I thought rnlue. it would make a total value of 125 per cent of the cost. that he was striking below the belt in referring to the gentle- The 25 per cent which the gentleman says is added is not man from Kansas; that he delivered a foul blow, and I thought added to the selling cost; it is added to the producing cost. it was perfectly proper for me to refer to what I did. I am And in order to get tlle correct figures of a 25 per cent advance glad to know from the gentleman from North Carolina [1\.!r. on the goods, it would be necessary to take 100 per cent, based Pou] that he was not kicked off the Ways and Means Commit- upon 125 per cent, and instead of dividing the cost of the goods tee. I ha-ve always had profound respect for the gentleman when consumed and after the 25 per cent is advanced by 4, from North Carolina, and I still entertain that respect. I think it should be divided by 5 or divided by 125, and thereby get it was a great mistake for the Democratic caucus to take or 1 per cent, and take 100 times that. · leave the gentleman from North Carolina, who has been for Here we ha\e a computation which the grammar-school boys years a prominent and respected member of the Committee on and girls in the sixth or seventh grades will understand. Every Ways and Meanf?, off the committee. The gentleman says that school child knows that when you add 25 per cent to a fixed it was done at his request. I accept the statement of the gen- sum you make then a total of 125 per cent. The gentleman tlemn.n. Even he in advance recognized the march of corning arrives at a result of $209,593,000, but if the school cillldren events, and knew that it was the intention of the D~mocratic of the land were to compute this, they would make it $167,­ caucus to leave off the Ways and Means Committee those hlem- 84 ,335, a mere trifling difference of $41,745,338 of an error. bers on the Democratic side who did not agree in ad\ance to be But what is $41,000,000 to a Democratic caucus or a Demo­ bound band and foot by the gentleman from Alabama. [Mr. era tic program, or the chairman of the Ways and Means Com:- UNDERWOOD]. mittee of the Democr::itic side, if they can come within $41,- MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. 000,000 of being correct? That is nearer than they usually get. The committee informally rose; and tbe Speaker ba\ing re- The CHAIR~IAN. The time of the gentleman from Illinois sumed the chair, a message from the Senate. by Mr. Crockett, bas expired. The gentleman from Pennsylvania [1\Ir. DONOHOE] one of its clerks, :mnounced that the Senate had passed bill of is recognized. the following title, in · which the concurrence of the House of Mr. DO~OHOE. Mr. Chairman, before this bi11 came before Repre:;:entatiYes was requested: the House for consideration I felt that tbe conditions in my s. 236G. An act to acquire land along the course of llock di. trict. as well as the pledges which I had made in my cam­ Creek for the purpose of preventil}.g the pollution and obstruc- paign, justified my being in a position to vote for or against it, tion tbereof and of connecting Potomac Park with the Zoologi- according as my constitnents might desire, and therefore I took cal Park and Rock Creek Park and providing a new location steps to exem11t myself from caucus action. for the United States Botanic Garden. In the six congrei;:sional districts comprising the city of Pbila- 'l'he message also announced that the Senate had agreed to delphia we ha"Ve up'irnrd of 200 cotton mi11s, one-half of which the report of the committee of conference on the disagreeing I understand are in my district. In order to test the sentiment votes of the two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the of those most interested and best informed in the textne. in­ joint resolution (II. J. Res. 130) making appropriations forcer- 1 dustry I sent the following letter to a gentleman whom I have tain expenses of the House of Representatives incident to the known for many years as an honest labor leader and one of the first session of the Sixty-second Congress. most actire in promoting the well-being of his fellow workers:

THE COTTO~ SCHEDULE. JULY 29, 1911. Mr. FRAXK !CCUSKER, The committee resumed its session. Ke1wington Labor Lyceum Hall, Philadelphia, Pa. The Clerk read as follows: Mv DF.AR SIR: Inclosed please find copy of the Underwood cotton bill, 3. On cotton cloth, not blenched, dyed, colored, stained, pain.tea, which is now before the House. I wish you would hnve a talk with a printed, or mercerized, containing yarn the highest number o.f which number of vom· friends-both manufacturers and workers-as early as shnll not exceed No. GO, 15 per cent nd valot·em; containing ynm the possible and advise me as to bow they regnrd tbe proposed measure. highest number of which shall exceed • o. 50 and shall not exceed No. In !>uch matters I feel that as their RepreRentative in Congre s I should 100. 20 per cent ad valorem; containing yam the highest number of be go>erned by the wishes of the people, and so if tho._ e who know t.he which shall exceed No. 100, 25 per cent nd valorem. On cotton cloth, t extile business better than I do declare that the bill would be m­ when bleached, dyed. colored, stained. painted, printed. or mercPrized, juricus to the textile industries. I will not only >ote against it but. containing yam the highest number of which shall not exceed • -o. 50, regardless of my per onal opinion, do whatever is in my power in 20 per cent ad valorem; containing- yarn the highest numbz:: of which oppo ition to its pa!Osai;'e. shall exceed No. GO and shall not exceed No. 100, 25 per cent ad '.rhe favor of an early reply will be appreciated. valorem ; containing• yarn the highest number of which shall exceed Very truly, yours, No. 100, 30 per cent ad valorem. (Signed) MICH'L DONOHOE. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3573

In answer to that letter I received this morning a telegram On the same page I also find this : which reads : · The increases, affecting the cheaper grades, were heavy and of serious PHILADELPHIA, PA., Augu.st S, 19U. concern to the people of moderate means, and hence to the greater part of our population. Mr. M'ICHAEL DONOHOE, Washington,, D. a.: Vote for Underwood bill; instruction from Upholstery Weavers No. 25. Then, on the same page also : FRANK MCCUSKER. On the cheapest class of goods affected, those valued at not more than $1 per dozen pairs, the average ad valorem rate on the imports of 1910 [Applause on the Democratic side.] under the increased duties was 91.23 per cent. Having received this request from faithful representatives of And based, as I suppose, upon this statement contained in the operati\""es in the cotton mills of my district, and having this report the gentleman. from Illinois [l\Ir. FowLEB] a few received no contrary word from anyone in that district, I will days ago rose in his seat and inquired of one of the speakers glndly vote in favor of the bill. [Applause on the Democratic upon this side if he was not aware that the rate of duty upon side.] the hosiery which the poor man purchased was fixed under Mr. HEFLIN. l\Ir. Chairman, the Democratic Party is no the Payne bill at 91 per cent, and that the percentage decreased longer composed of divided and discordant elements. To-day as it went into the higher values. we present a solid front to the divided, broken, and shattered The fact is, 1\Ir. Chairman, that paragraph 328 does not apply elements of the Republican Party. Democratic unity, Demo­ to the cheapest class of hose at all and that the rate of duty cratic harmony, and Democratic enthusiasm now mark the con­ upon the cheapest class of hose was not increased by the Payne duct of the Democratic Party. [Applause on the Democratic bill. On the contrary, the rate of duty imposed upon the poor side.] man's hose by the Payne bill is exactly the same as it was in "In the multitude of counsel," the Good Book tells us, "there the Wilson bill, with no difference whatever. The present bill is wisdom." The Democratic caucus is the place where we have reduces it to 20 per cent. Instead of 91.23 per cent upon the this multitude of full and free Democratic counsel. [Applause ~ose which the poor man buys, the duty in the Payne bill is, on the Democratic side.] And, Mr. Chairman, when we come rn fact, on1y 30 per cent Paragraph 328 of the Payne bill refers forth from that Democratic caucus and present our measures to by its terms to stockings and hose which are selvaged and the Congress and the country we have been fortunate enough, seamless. so far, to have not only the Democratic people of the country All hosiery, both under the Payne bill and under the one indorse those measures, but thousands of patriotic Republicans now under consideration, is divided into two great classes­ have done so. [Applause on the Democratic side.] those that are selvaged and seamless and those that are not. l\Ir. Chairman, behold to-dny the ridiculous attitude of the Those referred to in paragraph 328, namely, those that are Republican Party in this House. Gentlemen of the minority­ selvaged and seamless, are not the cheaper grades, but are and you know it pleases me more than I can tell you to call !he more expensive hose, such as gentlemen in this House wear, yon the minority. [Applause and laughter on the Democratic if any of them actually wear seamless hose, as I think very few side.] Gentlemen who have been lashed with the whip of of them do, for ma.ny hose sold at 25 cents per pair are not public opinion, lashed until you were driven from power, now seamless. These hose cost, in the cheaper grades, in Europe consume hours at great cost to the people in discussing the over 90 cents per dozen; that is, over 7! cents per pair. Will Democratic caucus instead of discussing and offering measures any gentleman expln.in to me how it would be possible to bring that will tend to relieve the people of the burdens .that you these hose over into this country and add a duty which, under have put upon them during all the years that you have been in the Payne law was 70 cents per dozen and 15 per cent ad va­ power. [Applause on the Democratic side.] lorem, amounting to a little over 6 cents per pair, and then to But, Mr. Chairman, there is method in their madness. Their sell them for 10 cents per pair? The poor man's hose is sold purpose is clearly disclosed. When I was a toy I used to fox­ at from 5 to 10 cents per pair, and a well-wearing pair can be hunt a great deal, and the yelping of a pack of hounds is still bought for the latter figure. Such hose does not come under sweet music to my ears. I used to go out into the woods in the this classification, and could not, for the reason that it is not springtime when the mother fox had her young hid away in a seamless, and there is none imported under section 328. hollow log or in a hole in the ground, and the minute that she They cost in Europe only from 40 to 60 cents per dozen. The heard the sound of my horn calling my dogs for the chase she importation of them here is not great; but if the duty on these would come between her young and the dogs, and with this cheap stockings is reduced in accordance with this bill it would foxy performance she would lead the dogs off in another direc­ make so little difference, only about half a cent a pair-less tion, away from where her young were. She did it to protect than what the workingman pays for his.evening paper and then her treasures. Mr. Chairman, under the splendid leadership of throws away-that nobody would know the difference in the the able and distinguished gentleman· from Alabama [l\fr. UN­ ~ill~~ . DERWOOD] [prolonged applause on the Democratic side] the Dem­ Now, I went into a store this morning and bought over the ocratic Party in this House has been storming the citadel of counter a pair of hose for 5 cents, and a fairly good and quite high-tariff protection, and day after day we are· dismantling this smooth pair it is, as anyone can see. [Producing the hose.] infamous stronghold of the Republican Party. [Applause on Does any gentleman say that upon that poor man's hose which the Democratic side.] Like the old fox, you Republicans are you could buy for 5 cents, that under the provisions of the Payne trying to turn the attention of the country from just tariff leg­ bill it pays a duty of 6 cents per pair? Why, this must be the islation to a discussion of a Democratic caucus and other things sort of figures from which this report obtains the $200,000 000 with which you hope to deceive the public. [Applause on the which it alleges the American people pay in addition to ~hat Democratic side.] they ought under the Payne bill. The Good Book tells us that "by their fruits ye shall kn.ow l\Ir. Chairman, while cotton has advanced nearly 100 per them." What are the fruits of our Democratic caucus? A cent, the skill of the American workman and ingenuity of the reciprocity agreement with Canada [applause on the Democratic Ame~ican manufacturer, developed under the protective system, side], a woolen schedule, against which you voted, and a farmers' furmsh to-<:}ay to the American workman a cheaper and better free-list bill have all passed this House. [Applause on the Demo­ hose than he ever purchased before.· [Applause on the Repub­ cratic side.] And when the people of the country learn of your lican side.] attack on our Democratic caucus and recall that these measures Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from are the fruits _of a Democratic caucus they will say, "Long live Iowa labors under the general mistake that the most of his the Democratic caucus." [Prolonged applause on the Demo­ party do in considering the report on a tariff bill. The very cratic side.] cheapest class of goods, the very common 5-cent goods, as he l\Ir. GREEN of Iowa. Mr. Chajrman, after listening to the expresses it, are not worn by the poor people of this country, I discussion which has just proceeded, and which has been going am glad to say. They are not imported to· any extent aml not on for several hours, I wish, at the risk of being considered Ollt used to any extent. The report very naturally referred to the of order, to say a few words with reference to the provisions go~ds that are really worn by the poorer people of the United of the bill before the House. [Laughter.] States that come in this first 'class of the second section of Mr. Chairman, I find in the report which is given to this hosiery. I hold in. my hand a copy of the Treasury report, and House as an excuse for presenting to it this bill, a statement on I find that the hosiery valued at not more than $1 a dozen pairs page 27 which, while it perhaps may be technically accurate is for the year 1910 the ad vlorem rate was 91.23 per cent. :Kow, ~n fact so misleading and, as generally understood, so utt~rly those are the goods that the people who labor wear. mcorrect, that I can not let it pass unchallenged.. Upon that The next grade of goods -valued at more than $1 and not more p:ige I find the following: than $1.50, as shown by the Treasury's report, the ad valorem duty on that class of goods for 1910 was· TG.37 per· cent. But In paragraph 328, including the bulk of imports of stockings hose and half hose, the act of 1909 increased the rates of duty on the 'cheap: for hosiery of the grade of goods fixed by the Pi1yue bill that est class •. valued at not more than 1 per dozen pairs, from 50 cents per is valued at more than $1.50 and not more than 2, the aYerage dozen pairs and 15 P3l cent to 70 cents per dozen and 15 per cent. ad valorem duty was 63.59. 3574 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE~ AUGUST 3·,

So that the rate, if the gentleman will examine the figures of the three higher grades is less than $105,000. From these of that class of hosiery, runs from 25 to 30 per cent higher on figures we see that the IJoor people of this country paid to the the class of hosiery that is used by the people of means as Government nearly 25 times as much money as the rich people ngainst that which is actually used and worn by the laboring for the right to wear stockings, and at the f!ame time the poor people in this country. people wore the coarse, rough grades and the rich people wore l\lr. GR:E1EN of Iowa. Will the gentleman yield? the fine mercerized goods. Mr. UNDERWOOD. Certainly. The CHAIR.MAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. Mr. GREEl~ of Iowa. I will say that I inquired of one of l\Ir. 1\Ifi"N. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that the largest department houses in the city and was informed the time of my colleague may be extended for five minutes. that these selvage and seamless hose were not sold in the city The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? for less than 25 cents. Does the gentleman say that the Ameri- There \Yas no objection. can laboring man wears hose at that price? . Mr. FOWLER. Mr. Chairman, for the once I bow my head Mr. UNDERWOOD. If the gentleman will look at the re­ to my distinguished colleague from Illinois. [Laughter.] 1\Ir. port of production, he will find very few of such grade hose Chairman, the lowest grade of stockings, those which do not as are used by anybody that the American people have got to cost more than $1 per dozen, paid into the Treasury of this put shoes on. country last year more than $1,000,000 to help defray tbe ex­ l\Ir. GREEN of Iowa. I want to say that the gentleman is penses of this Government. These are the stockings \\Orn by entirely in error. He is correct in saying that there are \ery the poorest people, yet they are taxed with a cluty of Dl.-3 per few imported, but there is an enormous amount made to-day cent. The finest grade of stocking, that grade which is worth by American mills, which will be closed up by the bill which more than $5_a dozen, paid into the Treasury of this Go\ern­ the gentleman has prepared. [Applause on the Republican ment the enormous sum of $17,000 to help defray the expenses side.] of the Government. This grade, the rich peor>le's stocking, is l\Ir. UNDERWOOD. The gentleman is mistaken. I recog­ taxed with a duty of 55 per cpnt. 'l'his shows that the i1oorest nize that the duty on that class of hosiery in the Payne bill was people ·paid a sum equal to 6,890 per cent of wh::tt the richest a prohibitive duty and that they could not import any, and it people paid, yet my distinguished friends on the otl.!er si cle put those poorer class of goods absolute~y in the hands of t~e stand here and tell us that we o_ught to keep up the hi~h tariff manufacturers. But the gentleman will find that there 1s upon the poor people of this country and cause them to ~nffer comparatively little of the lower grade of hosiery worn in thi-s for another long 12 months waiting for the Tariff Comrni~sion country and that the class pointed out in the report .in t~~ to make its report. This commission has now been at work second paragraph is the hosiery that the poor people m this about two years, and it has made a report on but one article, country wear. and that is wood pulp for newspapers. At this rate it will re­ l\fr. PAYNE. Will the gentleman yield? quire 8,000 years to make its report upon the 4,000 dutiable :Mr. UNDERWOOD. Certainly. . articles in the Payne law. Mr. PAYNE. Is the gentleman aware of the fact that smce l\Ir. Chairman, when I see my distinguished progres'lirn Re­ the passage of the present law all hosiery, and ~specially that publican friends. on the other side freely and voluntarily join­ on which the duty was increased, has been selling at a much ing us in our efforts to relieve the masses from the burdeas of lower price than ever before? unjust discrimination, I feel exceedingly havpy. Tbey have Mr. UNDERWOOD. Certainly, and I explained that-that been and now are doing a noble work. I can gladly splice the panic caused by the gentleman's bill brought to the Ameri­ hands with them and call them brothers. It was their influ­ can people demoralization of all business, and they had to throw ence, combined with the influence of the Democratic Party, their goods away. [Laughter and applause on the Democratic which gave me a seat here in this Congress. To the Republicans side.] of my district I owe much for their support. While I am grate­ Mr. PAYNE. No; but the prices dropped before you had ful to them as well as to my Democratic friends, yet I owe my your election when things were booming here the price of ho­ ·allegiance to all and not a part of the people of my district. siery went down all over the United States. The gentlei;nan l\lr. Chn.irman, when I find these gentlemen almost with us, can not get out of it that way. [Applause on the Republican and then when I hear them trying to pick a flaw in the rules of side.] the Democratic caucus, I am reminded of a story of a law firm Mr. FOWLER. Mr. Chairman, on yesterday my friend from consisting of an atheist and a Christian, in which the atheist Pennsylrnnia [Mr. MooRE], in discussing the hosiery schedule, had made a contract for $1,000 as a fee for winding up an characterized me with wearing silk stockings. [Laughter.] I estate. The Christian made another contract for $1,500 and set­ want to deny that proposition. I never saw a pair of siik tled up the estate, after which he came into the office and said stockings in my life, much less wear s?ch thin~s. [Prolonged to the atheist, "I have settled up the affairs of that estate and laughter.] I have had enough trouble m supplymg myself and collected the fee." The atheist replied, "Suppose you give me family with the cheaper cotton grades. l\fr. Chairman-- my part." "What is your part?" "I think I ought to have Mr. CLAYTON. I would like to interrupt the gentleman. $500." "Very well," said the Christian, and wrote out a check The CHAIRMAN. Will the gentleman yield? for $500. Then he said, "After I took charge of that case I made Mr. FOWLER. With pleasure. a new contract." "You did?" "Yes." "What was the con­ Mr. CLAYTON. I want to express the hope that after my tract?" "I made a contract for $1,5()0." The atheist theu said, friend from Illinois has served two or three terms in Congress "Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian." [Laughter and he may be able still to say truthfully that he never sa.w a pair applause.] And that is the way with my distinguished pro­ of silk stockings. [Laughter.] gressiYe Republican friends. They say to us by their conduct Mr. FOWLER. Mr. Chairman, if I should have the good in voting with us here, "Almost thou persuadest us to be Demo­ fortune to serve a second or a third term in Congress, I want crats." [Applause on the Democratic side.] Come along. gen­ to say to my distinguished friend from Alabama [Mr. CLAYTON] tlemen, we will take you with us and march on to victory with that I still do not expect to be able to wear a pair of silk stock­ vou in 1912 and share the honors with you. [Applause on the ings. [Prolonged laughter.] Democratic side.] While it is true that I have not had the pleasure of using 1\.Ir. BOWilIAN. l\Ir. Chairman-- any of these high-grade stockings, I have had a great deal of Ur. UNDERWOOD. l\Ir. Chairman, I would Jike to get along trouble in possessing some of the lower grades of stockings, with the bill, and I would like to ask the gentleman to wait un­ because of the high duty of 91 per cent which has been placed til the next paragraph is reached. upon that grade which I wear. [Laughter and applause.] The The CIIAIR\IAN. The pro forma amendment will be consid­ Dingley bill divided stockings into six grades. The Payne­ ered as withdrawn, without objection. [After a pause.]. The Aldrich bill retained these six grades. The first three of these Chair hears no objection. · grades are the grades that the poor people of this country wear. • The Clerk read as follows: Instead of keeping the tariff on these grades as it was fixed in 8. On plushes, velvets, velveteens, corduroys, and all pile fabricst cut the Dingley bill, the Payne bill raised the tariff on every one of or uncut, whether or not the pile covers the entire surface ; any or the foregoing composed of cotton or other vc>getable fiber, except flax, and on these cheap grades of stockings; but, Mr. Chairman, when they manufactnres or articles in any form, including such as are commonly cnme to the higher grades, approaching the silk-stocking grade, known as bias dress facings or skirt bindings, made or cut from plushes, they kept the old duty of the Dingley bill, and never dared to velvets, velveteens, corduroys, or other pile fabrics composed of cotton increase the rates npon a single one of the stockings worn by or other vegetable fiber, 30 per cent ad valorem. the rich in tllis country. l\Ir. Chairman, when we analyze the l\Ir. MANN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last amount of revenue paid into the Treasury of this country last word. Mr. Chairman, I do not expect to say anything again year from the sale of these three cheap grades, it is more than upon this bill. I want to make a few observations at this time~ :l'3,000,000. The amount paid into the Treasury from the sale I ne1er have taken the cott?n-schedule revision seriously--. 1911.. CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-HOUSE.

l\Ir. GARNER. It is time the gentleman was getting serious. trol, then it may control also in the Senate. Therefore, the Mr. l\1Ai'1N. There is no expectation on the part of anybody, question is, Shall the legislation of the American Congress be I think, except the manufacturers who are scared, that this bill done in secret? will become a law. It affects southern industries. It will break I am just interrupted by a gentleman in front who says that down the great manufacturing industries in the South. It re­ Col. William J. Bryan has asked the same question. I did not ceives the Democratic support in the House, but it is ne\er ex­ know that until this moment. pected that it will recei\e the solid Democratic support at the The gentleman from Alabama [1\Ir. HEFLIN], my friend, whose other end of the Capitol. It takes more than one party at the ability I ·admire, made a speech in which he declared that we other end of the Capitol to pass a bill. There is no expectation who criticize the caucus are doing it simply because being in that this bill will pass the Senate of the United States. It the minority we desire to attack the majority. The gentleman makes not a great deal of difference to me what the cotton­ forgets that the gentlemen who are now opposing caucus on · schedule bill is, except as a threat to the industries of the coun­ this floor opposed it also when they were members of the ma­ try which holds an uncertainty over the manufacturing estab­ jority here. And they did it with just as much determination lishments, but nothing but the proof at the end can make me to have the House and the country understand the wrongful believe that the distinguished Senators representing the States character of legislation in secret. of North Carolina and South Carolina and Georgia and the Now, let me gi'rn an illustration. It is utterly immaterial States of the South will not only strike down the industries as to what may be brought out on this floor by such gentlemen of their State, but strike down the price of the great crop of as the gentleman from Massachusetts [l\Ir. McCALL], one of the South. It is easy to bring this bill in as a counterpart of the ablest Representatives I have known during my service in the wool bill, which seeks in the main to destroy northern in­ the House, one of the highest-minded patriots. [Applause on dustries. It is offered as a counterpart before the public, but the Republican side.] it is a game of buncombe, in my opinion. [Applause on the Re­ He criticized this bill yesterday, and defied contradiction of a publican side.] successful character of his assertion that in certain particulars The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the pro forum. amend­ the pending measure increases the tariff above the Payne rates. ment will be considered as withdrawn-- An attempted contradiction was made, but it was not Tery suc­ Mr. BOW~IAN. Mr. Chairman-- cessful. But when a man of the character and the learning, and The CHAIRMAN. The Chair did not see the gentleman reputation as a statesman, of the gentleman from Massachusetts from Pennsylvania on hls feet. The Chair recognizes the gen­ makes a declaration of that kind it ought to hin·e weight, e\en tleman from Pennsylvania. TI""i th the majority. But did it? Not at all. Legislation in se­ Mr. BOWMAN. l\fr. Chairman, I had not intended to say a cret is the rule. The caucus had issued its orders, and a defect word upon this bill, but it is a duty which I owe to the district in the proposition, disclosed in debate on the floor of this Cham­ which I represent, and also to the State in which that district ber, did not signify. Now, let me gi\e an illustration, which dis­ is located, and also, I believe, it is due to the country as a closes one of the reasons why I have opposed legislation by whole. caucus. I was in a Democratic House when I first came here, A manufacturer of cotton fabrics in my district asked me to the distinguished gentleman from Georgia, 1\Ir. Crisp, being keep him advised as to the progress upon this bill. I wrote Speaker, one of the most delightful gentlemen I have ever him a letter, and, by the way, I should not refer to it or his known, and one of the ablest Speakers in the history of the response if it had not been that a letter was read to you by my House. I was put on the Committee on Pacific Railroads. esteemed friend the Representative from Philadelphia [l\Ir. A bill was reported involving 4,000 or 5,000 miles of rail­ DONOHOE]. road-the Union Pacific, the Central Pacific, the Kansas Pacific, Now, I will read his response to my letter, as follows: and the Oregon Extension-and the collection of about THE FRANKLIN MILL, $120,000,000 due the Treasury of the United States. In com­ Pittston, Pa., August S, 1911. mittee we took testimony for the better part of a year-yes; Hon. c. c. BOW~IA.i."<, Washington D. a. MY DEAB Sm: In the matter of reduction of duties on cotton goods, more than a year. beg to advise that we, in common with every factory in the United The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. States, protest against an J; reduction at this time, and request that you aid us m every way possible. l\Ir. COOPER. l\Ir. Chairman, I ask for frre minutes more. Even t he t hreatened reduction bas caused an entire stoppage of work ~he CHAIRMA..."1\I. The gentleman from Wisconsin asks unani- this summer among the mill in Pennsylvania who consume cotton. mous consent for five minutes more. Is there objection? The Thanking you in advance for any effort you can make in .maintaining the present rates at least, we remain, Chair hears none. RespectfUlly, yours, Ur. UNDER WOOD. I do not object to the gentleman's re­ TIIE FRANKL!~ MILL, quest, 1\Ir. Chairman, but I make the motion that all debate W. H. RUTLEDGE, Secretary and Treasurer. on this paragraph end in five minutes. I read the letter which I wrote him in accordance with my The CH.AIRl\IAN. The gentleman from Alabama moves that promise, as follows: AUGUST 2, 1911, an debate on this paragraph shall close in five minutes. Is Mr. W. H. RCTTLEDGE, there objection? Bem·etary and Trea.surer Franklin Mill, Pittston, Pa. There was no objection. MY DEAR FRIEND : Debate closes to-day on the cotton schedule. l\Ir. COOPER. We took testimony up to the last week in There have only been a few days allotted to the subj~ct; not enough time for a tithe of the men who want to speak upon it to be hen.rd. January, and Congress was to adjourn on the 4th of l\Iarch. However, there have been some good, strong arguments put up against There was not very much time. Friends of the bill urged that what I consider an m-advised change in the law, until we have more it was very important to the Government that the funding bill information from a 'l'ariff Board as to just bow to proceed. It is the general opinion here that if t his bill passes the Senate that the Presi­ should be hurried through, because, ns we were informed, the dent will veto it; however, do not believe it will pass the Senate. The Government would not collect $10,000,000 in 100 years if we southern Members ru.·e beginning to appreciate the effect it will have did not pass it. I knew that that statement was not true. upon the mills- in their section of the country, and yet I understand the change from specific to ad valorem duties has in some instances The committee was composed of 15 members. The majority resulted in giving greater protection on low-grade goods. was Democratic. Eleven members of the committee· voted to Yours, truly, C. C. B. pass the refunding bill extending those debts for 50 years at 3 l\fr. DONOHOE. Will the gentleman from Pennsylvania per cent. Two Democrats, Boatner and Snodgrass; one Popu­ yield? list, 1\Ir. Harris, of Kansas, afterwards a Senator from that Mr. BOWMAN. In just one moment. I may add that the State; and myself were in the minority. I was the only Re­ gentleman, W. H. Rutledge, is an ex-Representative of the publican. A rule was brought in limiting the general debate to State of. Pennsylvania and a Democrat in good standing. I three hours, to be followed by a five-minute debate of one day, may say further that that mill is supported by stockholders of and then a vote on its passage. We made such a protest that limited means; that they are dependent-at lea.st some of the time was extended for one day, and with the facts before them-on what they get from that mill for their income. That a House not gagged by a caucus the bill was defeated. mill has lately only been working limited time under the Now, suppose that a caucus had been called. Unquestionably present law, owing to the agitation over this measure. I fully that caucus would have followed the majority of the Committee and firmly believe there can be no settled conviction and desire on Pacific Railroads, which stood 11 to 4. The caucus, trusting by the Members of this House that this bill shall pass, and it to. the judgment of a majority of the committee, would have was never proposed excepting to make political capital. ordered the bill to be passed. That would have been legislation l\Ir. COOPER. l\fr. Chairman, I feel that I owe an apology by caucus, and also legislation by committee. Caucus legislation to the House for again trespassing upon its patience, yet I deem often is committee legislation. The caucus with practical myself in a measure justified because of the dangerous char· unanimity would have declared for the extension of that debt acter of the precedent sought to be established here through for 50 years at 3 per cent interest. But, fortunately, that was legislation by caucus. We are now to decide this question or before legislation by caucus was customary here. The bill the American people are to decide it. If caucus here is to con- was defeated, and the Government in consequence collected CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD-HOUSE. AUGUST 3,

$56 850 000 in cash from the Union Pacific, the Kansas Pacific's vegetable fiber is the component material of chief value, whether com­ posed in part of india rubber or otherwise, and not embroidered by debt w~s cleaned up, and the Central Pacific a year or two later hand or machinery, spindle banding, woven, braided, or twisted lamp, took up a second mortgage, gave the Government a first mort­ stove, or candle wicking mn.de of cotton or other vegetable fiber, loom gage providing for the payment ·of principal and interest in harness, bealds, or collets made of cotton or other vegetable :fiber, or o:r wWch cotton or other vegetable fiber is the component material of chief inst~Ilments. All has been paid, and approximately $120,000,000 value, boot, shoe, and corset lacings made of cotton or other vegetable 'turned into the Treasury of the United States. And yet a fiber, and labels, for garments or other articles, composed of cotton or caucus after a harried debate of two or three hours, would, as other vegetable fiber, 25 per cent ad valorem; on belting for machinery made of cotton or other vegetable fiber and india rubber, or of which I haze' said, unquestionably and with practical unanimity have cotton or other vegetable fiber is the component material of chief value, indorsed that refunding bill. 15 per cent ad valorem. Now, then, you can take a good bill in.to .a caucus, but the Mr. PROUTY. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last serious fact is that you can take a bad bill mto a caucus and word. that cunning men can get weak-minded followers to agree to I had reached the conclusion in my own mind · that I would it in a caucus. Under such caucus domination what becomes vote for this measure, on the theory that I believed that it of the public discussion which is understood to be provided for would furnish cheaper clothing and cheaper products to the by the Constitution of the United States? What becomes of the masses of the people of this country. [Applause on the Demo- yea-and-nay vote that. record~, or .ought to record, the ~onest cratic side.] . conviction of every legislator m this Chamber? I was exh·emely gratified when I found that the gentlemen As I said awhile ago, suppose there were here 95 Republicans representing the large southern interests were willing to come and 100 Democrats and 51 of the Democrats believed in a into the House and reduce, as I understood, the tariff on the measme and 49 were against it: The 51 would vote the other products of their own section and their own factories. [Ap­ 49 and your 100 would come in here and defeat 95 R~pub~ca1:1-s plause on the Democratic side.] and 49 Democmts. Fifty-one would defeat 135. Legislation m But I have been using my pencil for the last 15 or 20 minutes, secret is utterly wrong. It is incapable of intelligent def~nse. and, unless I am mistaken in my figures, the bill that the gen­ Legislation by caucus is very frequen~ly no~in~ but legisla­ tleman brings here raises the duty on cheaper articles, which tion by a majority of !1- party, which 1S a mrnonty C?mpared are manufactured largely in the southern mills of this country. with the votes which, .if untrammeled, would be cast m oppo­ [Applause on the Republican side.] sition. It is not American. And, remember, the people of the I had sincerely hoped that there would be no sectionalism United States will lu!Ye this pressed home upon them by men cropping out in this bill. When I came to Congress I hoped who believe that their oaths to le~late. in the interest of. the people will not permit them to submit their. votes to the domrna­ that I would have the opportunity of voting for some tariff tion of a majority in a party caucus held m secret [Applause measures that would do away with some of the inequalities of the Payne-Aldrich tariff bill. on the Republican side.] . My judgment of that measme was that it was unfair-unfair, The CHAI&'1AN. Debate on this paragraph is exhausted. if you please-to the great agricultural West, of which the Without objection, the pro forma amendment will be considered State I have the honor in part to represent forms the center. as withdrawn. The Clerk will read. But up to the present time no measure has been proposed or . The Clerk read as follows: presented by that side of the House that even tended to remove 9 On curtains table co>ers, and all articles manufactured of cotton becille or of whlch cotton chenille is the component material of chief that unfairness, bnt, on the contrary, every one seemed to me to ~alue tapestries and other Jacquard figured upholstery goods, com­ accentuate it. osed' wholly or' in chief valt?-e of cotton ~r other vegetable fiber ; on In all these measures the gentleman from Alabama has been ~ny of the foregoing, in the piece or otherwise, 35 per cent ad valorem. the presenter, if not the author. At least they have come Mr DIES. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last word. through a caucus in which the Representatives of the Southern I thlnk the greatest exhibition of hypocrisy in the political States have held a large and controlling majority. It seems to history of this country has been the performances of the R~ me in every one of these bills which they have thus far pro· publican Party during this extra session of Congress. When it posed, throug.b. their caucus, they have been unfair to the great was known to them that the Democratic Party would have. a agricultural West. majority in this body, they began to prophesy anarchy and dis­ They first gave their indorsement to the reciprocity agree­ union. They said the Democratic Party could not march ment, knowing full well that it ·put upon the free list all the in solid phalanx. They said the Democratic ~arty had no agi·icultural products of the great Northwest and did not put defined policy or concerted idea of running the Federal Govern­ upon the free list anything that would come in competition with ment All the newspaper organs and leaders of that party every the agricultural products of the South. mornlng before breakfast were ·gleeful in the prophecy that we In supporting that measure they seemed to be conscious that would split into factions, and that nothing would be accom­ Canada did not produce cotton, rice, or cane, and they seemed plished. Think of the monumental hypocris;v of their le3;d~rs to be perfectly willing to let the reciprocity agreement go in complaining to-day that we yield to and abide by the dec:i~on through, as it did not affect them. of the caucus. Heretofore they have expressed the hypo~r1t1cal The next measure that came along was called the farmers' fear that we would separate into factions. To-day, with the free-list bill. That, at first flush, was disposed to create the hypocrisy of a Uri.ah Heep with dis~e~bling c?untenances, they impression that it was for the benefit of the farmers, and was say we are standing together and abidmg by Kmg Caucus. [Ap­ introduced professedly to compensate the f~u m ers for the in­ plause on the Democratic side.] This modern party of hypoc­ justice that had been done them by the reci11 rocity compact. risy, no longer to be known in American his~ory as the party But a careful exa.minatir-n of the bill soon reYealed the fact of cupidity, but henceforward to go dowll: bearmg the semblance that it put on the free list the staple products of the northern of a Uriah Heep-this party of hypocrisy ~ys we ought n?t farm, mainly cattle, sheep, wheat, meats, and provisions, and to revise the tariff, because, perforce, a Tariff Board. of th~ir opened them up to competition, not merely from Canada, but own hypocritical making in the last Congress .has n~t made its from the countries of the whole world. report. · In the light of history, what must the verdict be? In This would force the we tern farmer to compete in produc­ 1909 they essayed to frame a tariff bill. ~o '.17ariff Bo3;I'd had tion with the Argentine Republic and the countries of South reported to them. So recently as th~ begmnmg of. this Con­ America, where cattle and sheep are produced at one-half the gress their President proposed .a pact with Cana.~a. and no board cost for which they are raised in the United States. had made its report. Now this party of hypocrisy says we are As this was unfair to the great West, I was compelled to vote proceeding immaturely, b~ause the Tariff Boa.~d have not re­ against the measure. ported. My Democratic friends, henceforward m your debates The next measure presented by that side of the House was about the Republican Party I implore you no longer to refer to known as the wool schedule. it as the party of greed, no longer refer to it as the party ?f Now everyone knows that wool is raised in the North. It is orO'a.nized wealth in the United States. Tell the people that rn not ha~d to see that such a measure would not ham much diffi­ all° the political history (If OUT country the :eCOI".d o~ the Re­ culty in passing a Democratic caucus, a majority of whose mem­ publican Party in the Sixty-firs~ Congress IB preemment for bers come from a country that neither raises sheep nor manu­ supreme and monumental hypocrisy. [Applause on the Demo­ factures woolen cloth. cratic side.] I voted against that bill because I believed that it ~ade the The CHAIRMAN. If there be no objection, the pro forn;i.a tariff on wool too low; that this reduction wou~d. cripple the amendment will be considered as withdrawn, and the Clerk will sheep industries; that it would prevent the rrusm~ of wool read. sheep on the high-priced lands in the United ~tates m s~ccess­ The Clerk rend as follows: ful competition with those raised in the Argentine Ilepublic and 13. On bnndings, beltjn ~ .. lJindings, boJ:!e casings, ~or~s, garters, rib­ other southern countries. bons, tire fabric or fahnc su 1tnhlc for use m P!10nmatic tires, suspend~rs in, and braces tape. tu'•i:::g. and webs or webbmg, any of the foregomg Up to the time that the cotton schedule was brought .I made Of cotton o'r ot her . Yegctal.>le fiber, or 'Of Which Cotton Of Other felt that an of th~ legislation had a sectional· bent and a tern- 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3577 /

torial application, and I had begun to think that no measure Now, if these figures are correct-and I assume they are cor­ would be proposed that would affect the industries of the South. rect, because they are in the report that bears the signature of I confess I was agreeably surprised when this cotton schedule the honored leader of that side of the House--.-it shows that the was presented with the statement that it reduced the general duty bas been raised on the yery items that enter. into general average duty from 48 per cent to 27 per cent. It indeed looked use by the masses for clothing and bedding, the very items that like the majority of the majority was going to be fair. I think ought to be made cheaper instead of higher. After you After listening to the able presentation of the schedule by the pass 12 cents a yard the duty falls very rapidly, and while I distinguished leader of the majority I concluded that I would have not been able to verify the figures of l\fr. UNDE&woon, I support that measure. accept them as being substantially correct. If they are correct, I had long felt that the masses of the people, and especially there is a large reduction on the schedule as a whole. But it is • the poorer people, were entitled to cheaper clothing and cheaper unfair, gentlemen, to so adjust this tariff that it will lighten bedding, and I was more than pleased to give my support to the burdens of the wealthy and increase the burdens of the such a measure. people of moderate circumstances, and unless the gentlemen on I have always advocated that the tariff ought to be low on that side of the House can explain this matter to my satis­ the goods used by the poor people and that if we are to have faction I will be compelled· to withhold my support of the high tariff it should be on articles used by the wealthier classes. measure. It is not demagogy to sny that the burdens of taxation Now, eyeryone knows that it is the cheaper class of goods should fall bea viest upon those that are most able to bear that is principally manufactured in the southern mills. If my them and should fall lightest upon those least able to bear them. analysis of this bill is correct, you have not only preseryed but During the discussion of this measure I heard it intimated have increased the protection that the southern cotton mills that there were some schedules in this new bill that by trans­ already have. You have made only the northern mills to feel ferring from tlle specific to the ad valorem duty increased the the sting of foreign competition. duty over that in the McKinley, Dingley, or Payne-Aldrich bill. You seem to be perfectly willing to admit of competition in This statement was so feebly denied on that side of the House the North, even though it might destroy northern manufactur- that I began to scan the bill, first, to find out if this was true; ers, if you can preserve your own industries. · second, to what class it applied. Gentlemen, I do not like this. It is too much like a pa­ Now, I admit that I am a novice in technical tariff schedules, triotism that is willing to sacrifice your wife's relation on the nnd do not reach conclusions as quickly as some of those ex­ field of battle if you can only remain at home and enjoy your perts. Now, my examination shows that it is true, and that the comfort. increase is on the low-priced goods. I once before said upon the floor of this House that "what While I was willing to vote for this measure 30 minutes ago, is sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander." If the tariff I am not willing to vote for it now unless some one on that on goods manufactured by northern mills is to be reduced, why side of the House can explain to me the schedules contained in should not the class of goods ma.nufactured by the cotton mills this bill and the report which indicate to me that this bill of the South be also reduced? Will some gentleman on that raises the duty on cotton goods in all classes of 12 cents a yard side of the House tell me? rApplause on the Republican or under and lowers the duty above that price. Eide.] Now, if that is true, I can not vote for this measure, because If I am not correct, I ask some gentleman on that side of it reverses my whole theory of a.. just tariff law. It has a the House to rise and tell me so. tendency to increase the price on cheap goods and lower the l\fr. U:NDERWeOD. The very first item that the gentleman price on high-priced goods. Now, that is not fair. refers to, if he will look at the book of imported mercerized If you will turn to the table on page 306 of the report sub­ for the year ending June 20, 1900, referring to the first article mitted by l\fr. UNDERWOOD with this measure you will find that be referred to-bleached cloth Yalued at not more than 7 under the Payne-Aldrich bill of 1909 this statement: cents-he will see that the ad yalorem rate was 54 per cent. Cotton cloth, not bleached, dyed, colored, stained, valued at not over l\fr. PROUTY. What book is the gentleman quoting from? 7 cents, duty 1 cent per square yard. .Mr. U:r>.~ERWOOD. The imports of mcrcha.ndise entered Now, this is the lowest-priced goods contained in the Payne­ for consumption in the United States and duties collected Aldrich bill, and the duty on it is 1 cent per square yard. If thereon for the years 1909 and 1D10. you will turn to page 2, section 3, of the present bill, you will Mr. l\IA.NN. Is that book for the last fiscal year? find- l\Ir. UNDERWOOD. Yes. Cotton cloth, not bieached, dyed, colored, stained, 15 per cent ad .!\fr. l\Lill,N. The gentleman will find that it is for the last valorem. fiscal year and the items relate to mercerized cotton cloth. Now, 15 per cent of 7 cents is 1.05; that is to say, the duty on l\fr. Ul\~ERWOOD. No; it is not mercerized. Now, the that class of goods under the Underwood bill is increased 5 gentleman from Iowa was mistaken. / per cent, taking the Payne-.~dricll bill as a basis. Mr. PROUTY. When the gentleman convinces me of it,. I The next cl:iEsific:ition is 9 cents and under. In the same re­ wiil Yote with him. I am not caYiling-. In fact, up to 20 port and on the same page, you will find, under the Payne­ minutes ago I expected to vote for this bi1I-nntil I had made Aldrich bill- these figures. I do not know what the book is the gentleman Cotton cloth, not bleached, etc., valued at not over 9 cents, duty of holds in his hand. I hold in my ·hand the report of this com· 1.25 per cent per square yard. mittee, and as it bears the signature of the distinguished gen­ If you will turn to page 2, section 3, of the present bill, you tleman I assume it is correct. will find- · I am not discuw·ing mercerized cloth. I am discussing cloth of the cheaper varieties, of 12 cents and under, and the figures Cotton cloth, not bleached, etc., 20 per cent ad valorem. the gentleman calls my attention to refer to imports on mer­ Now, figuring cloth at 9 cents a yard ad Yalorem, a duty of cerized. 20 per cent would be 1.80. l\Ir. HILL. If the gentlem::m from Iowa will turn to page 133 That is to say, while1lllder the McKinley, Dingley, and Payne­ of the report which he bas in his hand, he will find that the Aldrich bills the duty on this class of goods was 1.25, under the duty on 9-cent cloth for the lust six years has been 10.92. 6.36, present bill it is now 1.80. 9.13, 7.63, 7.85, and 8.47. That is raised to 15 per cent, and the If that is not raising the duty, figures lie, and should join gentleman froru .MassachuE""etts called attention to it in his re­ the Ananias Club along with the distinguished gentleman from mnrks the other day. [Applause on the Republican side.] Nebraska. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Iowa bas Again, if you will turn to the same page of the same report, expired. you will find- l\Ir. PROUTY. Mr. Chairman, I should like five minutes Cotton cloth, ·not bleached, etc., costing more than 9 cents and not more. over 12 cents a yard, duty of 2 cents a yard. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Iowa asks that his While there is a slightly different grouping under the present time be extended five minutes. Is there objection? The Chair bill, it seems that that class of goods would come under the 25 ' hears none. per cent ad valorem duty in this bil1. If it did, and costs 12 Mr. PROUTY.' E-rerybody acquainted with me knows that I cents, the tariff duty would be 3 cents per yard, an increase of am in favor of a reduction on tariff. EYerybody knows that I exactly 50 per cent over the Payne-Aldrich bill. believe that some of the schedules of the present tarff measure But I wil1 be frank and say that in examining this bill some­ are too high. [Applause on the Republican side.] what carefully I am inclined to think that some of iliis third I confess I was extremely pleased when the gentlemen from classification in the bill would fall under the second classlfi.ca­ the South, after having stricken down everything my section tjon in the table, so that the a>erage would probably be about produces and everything in which it is interested, announced 2! cents under this bill as against 2 cents under the Payne- their willingness to reduce the tariff on things manufactured in Aldrich bill. · the South. 3578 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. AUGUST 3,

Their chivalry and fulrness challenged my admiration, and! It is not s<> easy to find the figures exactly corresponding to when the distinguished gentleman from Alabama made his the third classification, since the designations in the' Pa.yn.e­ speech, calling attention to the fa.et that the South was willing Aldrich bill and the one. contained in thi.s bill do not parallel to ha:ve its schedules. reduced, just like. they had reduced the1 each other. But as near as I can figure it out from page 134 schedules ef the products of the No1~th, he captured me, and I of the repoct, the average duty paid on the. thiI·d class durina mnde up my mind I would vote for bis bill. But when I came t~e last six years was about 19.73 per cent, while the present to Un.ravel this thing, when I came to dig clear down to the bot­ bill on most of that division charges a duty of 25 per cent. tom of it, I find that the cotton cloth which the South mostly I can Il

Mr. U:i'li~ERWOOD. I, of course, admit, .l\Ir. Chairman, that when we fixed the classification embracing all of these every when you adopt nn ad yalorem system you h:l.ve to take the article under 150 threads to the square inch as corered in the average. Gentlemen on that side of the House would condemn Payne bill and under :Ko. 50 as carried by our bill-because they us the more if in fixing an ad valorem rate we went to the are synonymous terms-when you find one item, or maybe two bottom basis and the cheapest rate in ·anything to fix our entire items, as my distinguished friend from Ua.ssach~setts has been classification. I said to the gentleman from Massachusetts the able to find, and when you find a large amount of importations other day, and I say to him again, that if he will average this here coming in at 33, 35, and 40 per cent, then to make such a pending bill on all articles under 150 threads to the square inch, charge as this shows that the gentlemen on that side are not which come within this classification, he will find that we are willing to face this bill on its merits, but are trying to appeal from 15 to 20 per cent below the taxes le""Vied in th~ Payne- to the prejudice of sections. [A.pplause on the Democratic side.] Aldrich bill. · Mr. HILL. Mr. Chairman, " the chickens have come home Mr. McCALL. Will the gentleman yield right on that point? to roost." For two rears the American people have been deal- . Mr. UNDERWOOD. Yes. ing with averages on the Payne bill. Instead of specifically Ur. McCALL. I will call the gentleman's attention to page naming certain items which they criticized, our Democratic 133 of his report. First I would ask him what the lowest rate friends have been condemning the Payne bill on general aver­ in his bill is upon bleached cotton cloth? ages of schedules, when they know that if like criticisms, which Mr. UNDERWOOD. It is :i5 per cent on unbleached cotton are now being made of this measure, ha.d been fairly con- cloth. sidered with reference to the other, the country would have ap- Mr. McCALL. On bleached cotton cloth the lowest rate is 20 proved the Payne bill as a whole instead of condemning it. [A.p- per cent. .. plause on the Republican side.] Mr. u:~~ERWOOD. Yes. Now, Mr. Chairman, just a moment ago we had a speech from ,, Mr. McCALL. I want to call the gentleman's attention to the a gentleman from Alabama, not the leader of the majority, but figures on the bottom of page 133, that show that for the last his colleague, in which he said: six years the a\"erage rate of duty upon bleached cotton cloth, Under the splendid leadership of the gentleman from Alabama. 9 cents or under in rnlue, is only 8.40 per cent. I And I stand here with him acknowledging that splendid Mr. UNDERWOOD. Oh, the gentleman is mistaken. leadership, so far as the malting of an absolute revenue tariff Mr. McCALL. While in the gentleman's bill it is 20. bill without a particle of protection in it is concerned. Mr. UNDERWOOD. It is 10.92. But I call his attention to the fact that I remember another Mr. McCA.LL. What is the aserage for the last six yea1·s? scene only n. few months ago when the "splendid leadership" The gentleman speaks of ayerages, and I would ask him to of the gentleman from Alabama [l\fr. Ulli"DERwoon] and the state what the average has been for the last six years upon splendid leadership of the Speaker of this House was turned blen.ched cotton cloth valued at 9 cents or under? down by the same radical element in the Democratic Party :Mr. UNDERWOOD. If the gentleman wants ave:ages., wh_Y that is now maFg a tariff for revenue only. I remember does he not u-rnrnge back 10 years, and then he will raise 1t when every man on the Ways and Means Committee of his own above 20 per cent? . "'Volition, without pressure, absolutely approved in eight minutes Mr. McCALL. I will average for the gentleman, and I will the organization of a Tariff Boardr and eyery man of them made say that the increase of his bill on bleached cotton cloth under a speech in favor of it on this floor. A.nd the same radical 9 cents a yard is 250 per cent o\"er the ayerage duty for the la.st element that is now in control turned them down bv the over- six years. [Applause on the Republican side.] whelming majority of 93 to 33 on the Democratic ide. .i\lr. KE~TDA.LL. A.re not these goods made in the Son!h? . I r~member more than that-and it comes in yery bad faith

l\Ir. l\IcC.ALL. Of course1 we know they are made -chiefly m now, when it is discovered that a southern product is increased. the South. . 150, yes 250, per cent, when the gentleman who now admits it Mr. UNDERWOOD. .l\.Ir. Chairman, I am not surpnsed at in a single instance then said on the floor of the House : the gentleman from Iowa. but for my friend from Massachusetts My friend from Tennessee wants to know why we shonlERWOOD. Now, on cotton cloth not exceeding 100 when they ha.Te put this reduction into effect. [.Applause on threads a square inch, bleached, and not exceeding 9 square the Republican side.] yards to tlie pound, the aTerage ad valorem duty for 1910 was 27 l'Jr. BUTLER. Will the gentleman yield? per cent. We make it 20 per cent. On the next page, in the Mr. IDLL. I will. same classification-it is paga 134 I am reading from-DO\Y on Ur: BUTLER. I know the gentleman is an expert in this page 135 of the report, nlued not o""Ver 9 cents per square yard matter, and I want to k.uow whether I shall yote for this bill. for 1910, the clolli bears an average rate of duty of 35 per cent. If it raises duticE. I nm ready to Yote for it: The next paragraph, valued at oyer 9 cents per square yard, Mr. HILL. ..ire .-ou asking "the gentleman from Connecti- sa.me classification for 1010, it is 25 per cent. On cotton cloth cut" or the gentleman from Alabama? not exceeding 100 threads to the square irich, dyed. colored, Mr. BUTLER. The gentleman from Connecticut. Does the stained, or printed, not exceeding G yards to the pound, on page; gentleman know why this one particular item in this bill should 137, it is W.83. The s11rne classification, on p;;ge 138, falling in be raised? the same par!1.~np1L e.-ceed.ing G nm1 not exceeding !) square l\Ir. HILL. If the gentleman from Pennsylvania wants to yards to the vonnc1, tile r;lte ua·:~,r tile Payne bill for 1910 was see the Democratic side of the House half Yacated and then 40.03. Rigllt e!:{l€:~.:.~:1th, cx.ceeill!lg !) yards to the pound, for filled by Republicans two years hence, he will T"ote for this 1910 the rate '"-ns 33-21, and so on through. Now, to say that bill and let it be in operation until the next election. If he 3580 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .. AUGUST .3,

wants to see the industries of this country cared for and pre­ Mr. HARRISON of New York. It was not selected. It is in sened, he will vote against it. [Applause on the Republican the reclassification that the apparent increase comes. side.] Mr. KENDALL. Is it an actual increase in a broad pTovision l\Ir. BUTLER. Will the gentleman let me ask him another of the tariff to which the gentleman is referring? que tion? Could this bill have been made and its symmetry Mr. HARRISON of New York. Not at all. It is an enor­ preserved by lowering the duty upon bleached cotton cloth? mous decrease in every effective rate in every paragraph of Will the gentleman answer me that question? · the bill. · Mr. HILL. No trouble about it whatever. Mr. KENDALL. Is it only an apparent increase? l\Ir. HARRISON of New York. Mr. Chairman, the charge is Mr. HARRISON of New York. Yes. now made against our committee that under the guise of fair­ The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from N~w ness we have brought in a bill which in reality favors the York has expired. southern cotton manufacturers ·and cuts more deeply into the Mr. McCALL. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that rates of the northern cotton manufacturers. As a member of the time of tbe gentleman from New York [Mr. HARBISON] be the committee I utterly repudiate that charge. extended for five minutes. Mr.· McCALL. Mr. Chairman-- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. The CHAIRMAN. Will the gentleman from New York yield McCALL] asks unanimous consent that the time of the gentle­ to the gentleman from Massachusetts? man from New York [hlr. HARBISON] be extended five minutes. Mr. l\IcCALL. I do not wish to ask a question. I simply Is there objection? wish to disavow making any charge affecting the motives of the Mr. MANN. Reserving the right to object, Mr. Chairman, I committee. I simply say that it is a coincidence, however, that would like to inquire how long gentlemen on that side expect goods produced in certain parts of the country have the duty to run the debate? When is a vote expected? If it is the in­ increased by this bill some 250 per cent. tention to vote to-night, the gentlemen should realize that there l\Ir, HARRISON of New York. Mr. Chairman, the gentle­ can not be much more debate. man can name only one item of that kind of goods. The gentle­ Mr. UNDERWOOD; I will say, Mr. Chairman, that we man from l\Iassachusetts does not impugn our motives, as he is expect to have a vote to-night, even if we have to stay here late. too fair a man. But other Members on that side have impugned Mr. I.UA.1~. I do not say that because I want to cut off our motives. I am not a southern man, but I am a member of debate. that committee, and I sat there all through the deliberations, Mr. U:~"DERWOOD. I do not want to limit the debate unduly, and I absolutely repudiate the insinuations that any sectional­ Mr. Chairman, but I hope that gentlemen will confine them­ ism or favor has been shown in the composition of this bill. selves strictly to the bill from now on, without too much lati­ [Applause on the Democratic side.] tude of debate. It struck me with extreme surprise that the gentleman from Mr. KID\"'DALL. Why not continue the debate on the bill Massachusetts [l\lr. McCALL] and the gentleman from Connecti­ to-morrow? cut [:Mr. HILL], who have served on the Committee on Ways Mr. FITZGERALD. We can not pass this bill on Friday. and Means for years and have been through a recent tariff revi­ Mr. PROUTY. Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask the gen­ sion themselves, should descend to such picayune and contempti­ tleman-- ble arguments as these. [Applause on the Democratic side.] The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. When you are making up a tariff bill affecting a great indus­ l\lcCALL] is now recognized to propound an inquiry to the gen­ try in this country, you are dealing with matters that involve tleman from New York [Mr. HARRISON] . the importation of goods upon which millions of dollars of reve­ Mr. McCALL. The gentleman from New York admits that nue are levied, and yet if you examine the committee report, this bill increases the duties of the Payne bill. which embodies the returns of the Treasury Department -for l\fr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, just a moment-- years past on these matters-if you will examine the point on Mr. McCALL (continuing). He says that the duties have which the gentleman from Massachusetts [l\1r. McCALL] and been increased. other Republicans have based their arguments-you will find Mr. FITZGERA.LD. l\fr. Chairman,. a parliamentary inquiry. that the importations of this cheap kind of common cloth, upon The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will state it. which they say we ha-ve raised the duty, amounted to only $2.50 l\fr. FITZGERALD. Was objection made to the request that or $4.50 or $121-a ridiculous sum for serious members of the the time of my colJeague [Mr. HARBISON] be extended? Ways and Means Committee to use as an argument upon which Mr. McCALL. No. to ba.,e the charge of sectionalism. The CHAIR.MAN. There was no objection. The gentleman I\ow, l\Ir. Chairman, tbe fact is that it would be difficult, if from Illinois rese1Ted the right to object, but did not make the not impossible, to select any ad yalorem rates covering a whole objection. Tbe gentleman from Tew York [)Ir. HARRISON] took class of cotton goods of this sort which as to certain cheaper his seat, and then the gentleman from ~fa sachusetts [l\Ir. Mc­ grades would not be prohibith"e. These importations are only CALL] was recognized. That is the parliamentary situation. fanciful, freak things, little bits of matters im·olying only a few l\Ir. FITZGERALD. l\lr. Chairman, tlle Chair net"er stated dollars or a few cents. It is upon the big classes of importa­ whether objection was made to tbe request. tions, inYolving millions of dollars, that we have reduced the The CH.URl\fAN. There was no objection made. The gen­ rntes of taxation from u6 per cent down to 27 per cent. [Ap­ tleman from Illinois resen·ed tbe right to object. plause on tbe Democratic side.] Mr. FITZGERALD. But the Chair made no statement. He Mr. McC_,U,L. Will the gentleman yield for a question? merely stated that the gentleman I:iacl rescrYed the right to 1 The CH_, IR:\IA. • Does the gentleman from New York yield object. to t:Lle gentleman from lfas~aclrnsetts? l\Ir. McCALL. I wish it distinctly understood tbnt I want l\Ir. ILU1RISO~ of N w York. With pleasure. the gentleman from New York to baYe his five minutes, and I )Ir. ;'iirf'ALIJ. I lrn ch?r~too d the gentleman to say-- have no desire to take him from the floor. Mr. KE~ 'DALL. I ap11ealed to the gentleman because I recog­ hlr. l\IA.:NN. I ask the gentleman from Alabama to ask unani­ nizecl him as nn authority on the subject. Has there been an mous consent to close all debate on this paragraph in 10 increase in tbe rates in any part of this schedule? minutes. ~Ir. llA.URI S O~ of :New York. There has been an apparent SEVERAL MEMBERS. Oh, no. increase. Mr. MANN. There are other paragraphs following this. l\f r. KENDALL. I mean a genuine increase. l\fr. UNDERWOOD. Gentlemen are attacking the paragraph :Mr. HARRISO~ of New York. An increase upon goods of a in the bill, and although I am anxious to get along, I want them certain kind upo.n which there is no importation at all. Does to have full opportunity to be heard. the gentleman know that we are selling abroad $41,000,000 The CHAIR.MAN. Is there objection to the request that the worth of this cheap product? And if we can do that, how can gentleman from New York [l\.Ir. IlA.RRISON] proceed for five you expect foreigners to ship goods of that same class over here minutes, the request being made by the gentleman from Mas­ an<.l sell them in our market? The whole argument is ridiculous sachusetts [Mr. McCALL]? [After a pause.] The Chair hears and unworthy the consideration of serious men. no objection, and the gentleman from New York [l\Ir. HABRI­ 1\1r. KENDALL. If that is true, why was there an increase soN] is recognized for five minutes. made in the rate? l\fr. HARRISON of New York. Mr. Chairman, I do not de­ Mr. HARRISON of New York. Because you can not select sire to detain the committee with this argument any longer. I an ad valorem rate in figuring upon these npparent importa­ was about to take my seat when the gentleman from Massa­ tions without making a rate that may be prohibitire in a certain chusetts [l\fr. McCALL] did me the courtesy of asking for an cla~ of goods. extension .of time, and I ha-ve now taken the floor again for hlr. KENDALL. Why was a southern product the chief one the purpose of answering a question by the gentleman from selected as the subject of an increase? Iowa [Mr. PROUTY], but if he will give me a moment before hi} 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3581 asks his question, I think perhaps I can clear up some misap­ disreputable kind of an argument for a gentleman to use. prehension which seems to exist on the other side of the Hall. [Laughter on the Republican side.] He proceeded to say that Gentlemen over ihere seem to believe, or else they insinuate, they ha.d increased certain rates, but those rates were all pro­ thnt certain articles rrere picked out for an apparent raise in hibitive. That is the only excuse a.nd the only thing that could rate, and that these are articles which are made in the South. be construed to be the reason that he has seen fit to give to the The clleaper gn:.des of cotton goods are made in the South. House. [Applause on the Republican side.] As the gentleman They are mnde in the North also, but they are the goods that himself told us during the Payn~ debate, it does not so much we ship into all the markets of the world; and any tariff rate depend on what the amount of importations is as it does on the whicli could be fixed to catch only those goods and none of those amount of domestic consumption. I submit that the rates upon of a little higher class, which do come in in some quantity, which this bill gives great and substantial increases are upon wonl<.1 ham the apparent effect of raising rates on the lower those cloths that are mainly used by the poor people of the grades of goods. But if those goods are not imported, never country and I stated simply as a coincidence, and not reflect­ have been imported, never will be imported, and never can be ing upon the motives of gentlemen on the other side, that imported, the raise is only apparent and not real, and should not these are the products of the South. [Applause on the Repub­ be the basis for serious, sincere, straight-forward Members of lican side.] this House to frame an attack against the Democratic Party. .Mr. HARRISON of New York. Will the gentleman yield? Mr. PilOUTY. l\lr. Chairman-- :Mr. McCALL. Certainly. The CILURllAl~. Does the gentleman from New York yield .Mr. HARRISO:N' of New York. Does not the gentleman be­ to the gentleman from Iowa? lieve that a rate of 1 mill, or one-tenth of 1 per cent ad valorem, .irr. IIAilRISON of New York. With pleasure. would be practicully prohibitive as to the class of goods where .Mr. PROUTY. On page 306 of this report, under the heading rre ship $40,000,000 annually abroad? "cotton cloth," are the words "not )}leached, dyed, colored, l\1r. McCALL. If I had a rate of 1 mill and that was pro­ stained, 1 cent per square yard." hibiti\e on an ai-ticle of necessary consumption in this country, That is under the Payne bill. Now, let me ask the gentleman I should not increase that rate. [Laughter and applause on what will be the rate under this bill? the Republican side.] Now, the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. l\fr. HARRISON of New York. Now, the gentleman seems to UNDERWOOD] has not done himself justice in the way in which have greatly confused the purpose of the table from which he is he attempted to make the point that has been made. He quoting. These are the rates of all preceding tariff laws for attempted to carry the computation up into high numbers, and -rears back. If he will turn to the earlier pages in the com­ even got into mercerized cloths. mittee report he will not have to ask me my opinion of what The working people of this country do not use mercerized the rates are or sit down and work out his opinion. He will find goods for their sheets and their shirtings and for the many the committee has reported exactly what the rates have been in uses to which cotton cloth is put by therri.. I understand that practice. those ,three paragraphs-to wit, the unbleached cloths not con­ Mr. PROUTY. As we lawyers say, please answer my ques­ taining more than 50 threads to the inch and not of a value of tion: What is the duty on that class of goods? more than 7 cents per yard, unbleached cloths of a value of Mr. HARRISON of New York. If the gentleman proposes to not more than 9 cents, and cloths which are bleached, printed, try to stop me with a proposition in arithmetic, I decline to fall and stained of a value of not more than 12 cents-form a into his trap. Ile can turn to the correct page of the committee great part of the consumption of the .American working people. report and find an answer to his question. [.Applause on the Republican side.] I assert, and it can not be contradicted, that upon nearly all those grades of goods Ir. PROUTY. It is 15 per cent, is it not? this bill makes increases. Upon a very few of them it makes .Mr. HARRISON of New York. It is 15 per cent in our bill. '\"ery slight decreases, but upon the great bulk of those goods Mr. PROUTY. And 15 per cent of 7 is 1.05. it makes increases, and upon some of them it makes increases l\Ir. HARRISON of New York. If the gentleman will turn to to the amount of nearly 250 per cent of the Payne and Dingley the page in the committee report, he will find exactly what it is. tariffs. [Applause on the Republican side.] Mr. PROUTY. Now, on bleached cloth not exceeding 9 cents You take painted and dyed and bleached cloths of a value of ill \alue a yard, under the Payne bill the duty is 1i cents, and 12 cents a yard, and that means a foreign value of 12 cents wllat is it under this bill? a yard. Then you add to that the duty of 2 cents under the l\fr. HARRISON of New York. Twenty per cent. Payne bill and that makes the goods after they have been en­ Mr. PROUTY. And 20 per cent of 9 is 1.80, as against 1.25 tered at the New York customhouse 14 cents a yarcl after duty in the Payne bill. · is paid at the customhouse. When you take into account the Mr. HARRISON of New York. Yes; one and eight-tenths. expense of the jobber and the profit of the wholesaler and the Mr. PROUTY. Let me ask you the third question. Coming retailer those goods would not go to the people for less than down to the same class of goods, Talued at over 12 cents, the 20 cents a yard, and probably would go to them for 25 cents a rate under the Payne bill is 2 cents a yard. What would it be yard. It is the rare exception for any man who works for­ under this bill? 'yages in this country to buy cotton goods that costs O'\"er 25 ~Ir. HA.IlRISON of New York. l\Ir. Chairman, this seems to cents a yard. When gentlemen on the other side of the House be exactly the same series of questions that the gentleman asked bring in this magnificent measure for the relief of the .American the gentleman from Alabama. I have devoted seven or eight people, they a.re imposing still heavier burdens upon the backs minutes, and the committee has given up its 1aluable time to of the A...merican workingmen, and they are giving the relief to listening to a complete answer to all these questions. the rich people of the country who should pay the high re\enue Mr. PROUTY. As chairman of the c·ommittee, will the gen­ tax upon these luxurious cotton fabrics which rank by the side tleman answer? of silk. [Applause on the Republican side.] I say that the l\lr. HARRISON of New York. The gentleman flatters me gentleman from Iorra [Mr. PROUTY], in his research to-day, has too much; I am only an humble member of the committee. The got upon the v1tal question at issue in this bill, and if the reason why the gentleman's arithmetic is of no account is Members on the other side of the House had not forestalled because there are no-importations under this rate. themselves by caucus action, had not taken merely ex parte Mr. PROUTY. Then, why do you increase them? [Applause statements before they committed themselves to yote for this on the Republican side.] measure, I believe this bill would not command the majority of Mr. ·lIARRISON of New York. Because, fixing any ad the \Otes of the members of the House of Representati'les. \alorem rate in a reclassification you can not select any rate, [Applause on the Republican side.] even 1 per cent, that would not be prohibitive. Mr. LENROOT. .Mr. Chairman, I am somewhat surprised at Mr. LONGWORTH. Will the gentleman yield? the situation in which we seem to find ourselves at the present .Mr. HARRISON of New York. Certainly. time. Certain gentlemen seem to think that a great discov­ Mr. LONGWORTH. Does the gentleman state that under the ery has been made, that a great mru·e's-nest has been uncovered ad valorem system, which now seems to be the policy of your with reference to this bill. I had supposed that what has been party, it would not be possible to put bleached cotton cloth, disclosed during the last hour was familiar to every student ntlue

it has not been made as clear up to this time as I think l can .!Ur. PROUTY. Does the Underwood bill increase or decrease be, and I shall only speak of the two items to which he has the tariff on goods that are over 9 cents and less than 12? called the attention of the committee. lllr. LENROOT. J ust give me the rate. l\Ir. PROUTY. Three items. Mr. PROU'.rY. Under the present bill it is 20 per cent, which "l\Ir. LENROOT. Three. The first item is cotton cloth not would be 2.4, and under the Payne bill it is 2. exceeding 50 threads, not bleached, valued at not more than 7 l\Ir. LENROOT. Between 7 and 9? cents a yard. The gentleman from Iowa thinks that, com­ l\Ir. PROUTY. Between 9 and 12. p::n ing the rate found, in the pending bill and the rate imposed .Mr. LE~'ROOT. I will be very glad to answer the question. u11tler the pre ent law as to this item, this bill creates an As to some portion of it it will be under. in<.:rease. Mr. Chairman, it is not so. [Applause on the Demo­ l\Ir. PROUTY. I ·am not speaking of mercerized. cratic side.] The present bill, so far as this item is concer~ed, l\Ir. LID-.'ROOT. If it is 9, it is less. er 9 cents per square yard, that as to a portion of that :Mr. UNDERWOOD. I admit it increase the price, IJnt I say there is an increase over the present law, but that is as be­ there is just one item. When we made a ·general cla!lsification tween 7 cents and 9 cents, that narrow margin, that imposing we had to embrace all between two lines, the top and the bot­ a duty of 25 per cent ad valorem increases it, provided it is not tom, for an ad valorem rate between tbe high point and the low mercerized, but I want to call the attention of the gentleman point, and cover this classification, and of nece., "ity we could from Iowa to the fact that whenever this cloth is mercerized, not write a fair rate by taking the lowest rate on the lowest and a very large portion of it is mercerized, that the duty under cl as ifica tion. this law instead of being 1! cents per square yard, is 2! cents We are writing this bill for revenue, but the gentlemen hiwe per quare yard, and as to every yard of cloth that is mer­ been unable to find more than one single item in tlli classifica­ cerized the ad valorem in this pending bill is lower than the tion that is below the rate we have fixed, amounting to only rate imposed by the present law. [Applause on the Democratic $1,040, and, on the averaO'e, the clas ification of this lower class side.] of goods is a reduction of between 15 and 20 per cent below the l\Ir. PROUTY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield for a rates of the Payne bill. I challenge any gentleman on that side question? to show otherwise. The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Wisconsin yield? The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Alabama l\Ir. LENROOT. I yield to the gentleman. has expired. l\lr. PROUTY. What does the gentleman say as to the cost Mr. .MANN. .Mr. Chairman, I would like to call the attention between the price of 9 and 12 cents per yard? Does it increase of the gentleman from Alabama to Table No. 40, on page 137, or decrease? to which he referred a moment ago. I understood the gentle­ ::\Ir. LEi~ROOT . I ha1e not looked at that. Now, what is man to say that there was only one item among all tho e that your question? the gentleman from Iowa had referred to where the rate of 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 3583 duty was raised. The gentleman referred to Table No. 4-0. He l\Ir. McCALL. Yes; the gentleman can easily figure that up, said that under Table No. 40 the rate was 31.31 per cent. and he can find the average 1alue if he will iridulge in a mathe­ l\Ir. UNDERWOOD. That is right. matical calculation; but in view of the method of argument that Mr. MANN. That is correct for the year 1910, but for the has been adopted against the Payne bill, in selecting a certain year 1905 the a1erage ad valorem rate on the same class of rate and then taking a quarter of a cent abo-re that rate, at good was 13.41, which shows that some of the goods pay a which importers never would bring in goods, in order to distort higher rate than 15 and 20 per cent, and some of the goods pay the Payne rate and make it as high as possible, which is a a lower rate. Is not that perfectly evident? familiar argument that has been used against the Payne bill Mr. UNDERWOOD. No. The gentleman understands that on the other sicle of the House, I was entirely justified in plant­ 1910 is underthe Payne bill and 1905 was under the Dingley bill. iug myself simply upon the 7, 9, and 12 cent rates. But what I l\Ir. l\IA~. · Oh, there is no difference in the rates between ha 1e said is correct as to the averages of all importations untler the two bills, I belie1e. ' the classification of 7 cents and of 9 cents. .Mr. UNDERWOOD. I agree with the gentleman in this-­ .llr. MADDEN. Will the gentleman yield for a question? that the change of the unit ··ralue of the goods changes the rate. l\lr. McCALL. Certainly. But in the same way, if the gentleman wants to make that argu­ l\fr. l\llDDEN. The ad valorem percentage rate stated by the ment-- gentleman from Massachusetts includes the rate on the lower Mr. MANN. No; I was trying to get a result here that would valued goods as well as upon the higher values, does it not? settle this question. I asked the question, and I want to see l\Ir. l\IcCA.LL. It includes all kinds, up to 7 cents in yalue if we can ha:rn an understanding about it. The gentleman mid per yard, to which that paragraph was applicable. there was only one item. I wish the gentleman to retract the Mr ..L\IADDEX So that the average of 8 per cent and some statement that there is only one item, and show, in order that fraction ad valorem co1ers the ad 1alorem rate on the 4 cents, we can have the matter settled, that in some of the ad 1alorem 5 cents, 6 cents, 7 cents, 8 cents, and 9 cents? rates there would be an increase. But generally he is correct Mr. McCALL. Why, it took the average at the customhouse in his opinion· there is undoubtedly a decrease in .the rate. I of all goods. would be glad 'if we could get through talking about it and then l\Ir. MADDEN. The argument has been made here that it go ahead and pass the bill. did not include the lower rates. Mr. UNDERWOOD. I will state to the gentleman that in l\Ir. McCALL. If the gentleman will study the report he my remarks I was, of course, referring to the tax under the will see the fallacy of it. Payne bill-the tax in 1910-and the item that the gentleman The CHAIRMAN. The pro forma amendment is withdrawn. points out as being a lower item than in 1910 was 20 per cent. l'Jr. U:~'DERWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I move that the com­ Mr. MANN. The same identical rate was in existence in mittee do now rise and report the bill back to the House with­ 1909, when the ad valorem 'rrite was 13.41 per cent, which out amendment, with the recommendation that it do pass. proves that some rates were less than 15 per cent on some The motion was agreed to. goods, and some were higher, depending upon the price.. The ad Accordingly the committee rose; and the Speaker having re­ valorem rate, of course, constantly varies under a specific duty. sumed the chair, Mr. CULLOP, Chairman of the Committee of l\1r. UNDERWOOD. Unquestionably; I do not deny that. the Whole House on the state of the Union, reported that that But my statement was that last year there was one of these committee had had under consideration the bill ( H. R. 12812) items that was higher. If you take the same item that the to reduce the duties on the· manufactures of cotton, and had gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. l\IcCALL] referred to awhlle directed him to report the bill back to the House without ago, and go back a few years, you will see that it ran up to 23 amendment, with the recommendation that the bill do pass. and 24 per cent. I agree with the gentleman, and we make no :Mr. UNDERWOOD. 1\Ir. Speaker, I move the previous ques· contention about it tllat there are a few of these items in this tion on the bill to its final passage. lower classification that may be a little higher. But the general The motion was agreed to. aYerage of this class of goods is 01er 15 per cent below what it The SPEAKER. The question now is on the engrossment and is in the Payne bill. third reading of the bill. The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the pro forma amend­ The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, ment will be withdrawn, and the Clerk will read. was read the third time. The Clerk resumed and completed the reading of the bill. l\Ir. PAYNE. Mr. Speaker, I make the motion which I send l\Ir. McCALL. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last to the Clerk's desk. word. I did not hear the remarks of the gentleman from Wis­ The Clerk read as follows : consin [Mr. LENROOT], in which he denied the accuracy of my l\fr. PAYNB moves to recommit the bill H. R. 12812 to the Committee statement, but the matter has been called to my attention, and on Ways and Means, with instructions to that committee to bold the I simply want to put in the RECORD, from page 130 of the pre­ bill in committee until the Tari.ff Board makes report to Congress of liminary paper or report issued by the committee, the first ti.le information secured by the special and complete investigation now being made by said Tari.ff Board in regard to the production, manu­ table, to show that on all goods of that first classification, not facture, nse, and consumption of cotton goods, and especially covering exceeding 7 cents in value, the average rate of duty on all every element of the cost of production, and to report said bill back goods brought in at the 1-cent rate, which has been in force to the House with such provisions and amendments as it may deem proper after examination and consideration of the information so re­ i;;ince the Dingley bill went into effect, has been 12.52 per cent ported by the Tariff Board. for the past six years, and under this bill it is 15 per cent. So, [Applause on the Republican side.] when gentlemen talk of averages and accuse one of misrepre­ sentation by taking a simple number, I want to call attention .Mr. GARRETT. Mr. Speaker, I make the point of order that to the general average under that classification. the motion is not in order. Then, on page 133, at the bottom of the page, bleached goods, The SPEAKER. What is the gentleman's point of order? rnlned not over 9 cents per square yard, not exceeding 50 l\fr. GARRETr. That the gentleman does not present a mo­ threads to the square inch, which was the second classification tion to recommit under the rule. to which I called attention, to show that my observation did The SPEAKER. The point of order is overruled. The ques­ not simply apply to the goods valued at 9 cents under that tion is on the motion of the gentleman from New York to re­ cln ·sification, you will see that the average rate upon importa­ commit. tions in tbe last six years is 8.41 per cent. Mr. P.A.YNE. Mr. Speaker, l ask for the yeas and nays. -Cnder the present bill the rate under . that classification The yeas and nays were ordered. would be 20 per cent, which is about 250 per cent of the rate The question was taken; and there were--yeas 106, nays fa the Dingley and Payne bills. These figures, I think, can not 186, answered " present" 6, not voting 87, as follows: be denied. YEAS-106. Mr. LEXIlOOT. Has the gentleman any information as to the Akin, N. Y. Dalzell Green, Iowa Kahn Ames Dodds Greene, Mass. Kendall n1lue per square yard of those importations? Anthony Draper Griest Kennedy l\fr. McCALL. In the one case the classification is of bleached Ans tin Driscoll, M. E. Hamilton, Mich. Kinkaid, Nebr. goods valued at not over 9 cents per square yard, and in the Bartholdt Dwight Hanna Know land Bingham Dyer HarriB Kopp other case valued at not over 7 cents per square yard; and they Bowman Esch Hartman Lafean would include in each case any of these goods of which gentle­ Bradley Fairchild Haugen La Follette men have spoken. I do not know whether tbe gentleman from Burke, S. Dak. Farr Hayes Law1·ence Campbell Focht Heald Lon$worth Wisconsin spoke of them or not, where the value was only 4 Cannon Foss Higgins Mcrnll cents a yard. Catlin Foster, Vt. Hill McKinley Mr. LOXGWORTH. In the column just before the one the Cooper French Hinds McKinney Copley Fuller Howland McLaughlin gentleman is reading it gives the a•erage value per square yard Crumpacker Gardner, N. J. Humphrey, Wash. 1\fcMorran of these importations, which shows that it was less than 9 cents. Currier Good Jackson Madden XLVII--225

.. 3584 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. AUGUST -a,

Madison Parran Simmons Towner Until further notice: Mal by Patton, Pa. Slemp Utter Mann Payne Sloan Wedemeyer Mr. FRANCIS with Mr. DANFORTH. Miller Pickett • Smith, J.M. C. Weeks Mr. LA.MB with l\Ir. GILLETT. Mondell Pray Smith, Saml. W. Wilder. Mr. DuPRE with Mr. PORTER. Moon, Pa. Rees Speer Willis Morgan Reyburn Stephens, Cal. Wilson, Ill. Mr. WEBB with Mr. VREELAND. Morse, Wis. Roberts, Mass. Stevens, Minn. Wood, N. J. Mr. CANTBILL with Mr. DE FOREST (commencing June 21). Mott Roberts, Nev. Taylor, Ohio Young, Kans. Mr. HAMILTON of West Virginia. with Mr. BABCHFELD (com- Nye Rodenberg Thistlewood mencing June 22). Olmsted Sells Tilson l\Ir. NAYS-186. Mr. BEALL of Texas with YouNG of Michigan. Adair Denver Hughes, Ga. Rauch Mr. SIIERLEY with Mr. GARDNER of Massachusetts. Adamson Dickinson Hull Redfield Mr. BARTLETT with Mr. BUTLE&. Aiken, S. C. Dickson, Miss. Humphreys, Miss. Reilly Mr. TALBOTT of Maryland with l\lr. McCREA.RY. Alexander Dies Jacoway Richardson Allen Dixon, Ind. James Robinson Mr. LEG.ARE with Mr. Loun (from June 20 and transferable). Anderson, Minn. Donohoe Johnson, Ky. Roddenbery Mr. CRAVENS with l\Ir. LoUDENSLAGER. Ansberry Doremus Johnson, S. C. Robey Mr. SPARKMAN with .Mr. DAVIDSON. Ashbrook Doughton Kent Rucker, Colo. Mr. PuJo with Mr. IluGHES of West Virginia. Ayres · Driscoll, D. A. Kindred Rucker, Mo. Barnha.rt Edwards Kinkead, N. J. Russell Mr. FAISON with Mr. GUERNSEY. · Bathrick Estopinal Kitchin Saba th Mr. SMALL with Mr. MOORE of Pennsylvania. Bell, Ga. Evans Korbly Scully l\fr. ROTHERMEL with l\Ir. MARTIN of South Dakota. Berger Ferris Lafferty Shackleford Blackmon Finley Lee, Ga. Sharp Mr. HUGH.ES of Kew Jersey with Mr. MATTHEWS. Boehne Fitzgerald Lee, Pa. Sheppard Mr. SMITH of Kew York with Mr. BURKE of Pennsylvania. Booher Flood, Va. Lenroot She1·wood Mr. SMITH of ·Texas with Mr. C.ARY. Borland Floyd, Ark. Levy Sims Brantley Fornes Lewis Sisson For the session : Brown Foster, Ill. Lindbergh Slayden Mr. LEVER with Mr. Sur.LowAY. Buchanan Fowler Linthicum Stack Mr. RIORDAN with Mr. ANDRUS. Bulkley Gallagher Littlepage Stedman Burke, Wis. Garner Lloyd Steenerson Mr. RAINEY with l\fr. IloWELL. .Burleson Garrett Lobeck Stephens, Miss . For July 29 and 31 and August 1, 2, 3, and 4: Burnett George McCoy Stephens, Tex. .Mr. DICKSON of Uississippi with Mr. HAWLEY. Byrnes, S. C. Godwin, N. C. McDermott Stone Byrns, Tenn. Goeke Macon Sulzer Ending August 6: Callaway Goldfogle Maguire, Nebr. Sweet .Mr. FIELDS with lUr. LANGLEY. Candler Gould Martin, Colo. Taylor, Ala. Ending Monday, August 7: Carlin Graham Mays Taylor, Colo. Carter Gray Moon, Tenn. Thayer Mr. l\IcGILLICUDDY with Mr.' STERLING. Clark, Fla. Gregg, Tex. Moore, Tex. Thomas Commencing June 21 to end of session: Claypool Hamill Morrison Townsend Mr. MAHER with Mr. CALDER. Clayton Ilamlin Moss, Ind. Tribble Cline Hammond Murray Turnbull The result of the vote was announced as above recorded. Collier Hardwick Nelson Tuttle The SPEAKER. The question is on the passage of ·the bill. Connell Harrison, Miss. Norris Underwood Mr. PAY1''E. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and Conry Harrison, N. Y. Oldfield Vols.tead Covinl?ton Bay O'Shaunessy Warburton nays. Cox, Ind. Heflin Padgett Watkins The yeas and nays were ordered. Cox, Ohio Helgesen J>age Whitacre The question was taken; and there were-yeas 202, nays 90, Cullop Helm Pepper White -Curley Henry, Tex. Peters Wickliffe answered "present" 7, not voting 88, as follows: Daugherty Hensley Post Wilson. N. Y. Y.IDAS-202. Davenport Holland Pou Witherspoon Davis, Minn. Houston Prouty Woods, Iowa Adair Dixon, Ind. Jacoway Rees Davis, W. Va. Howard I taker Adamson Donohoe James Reilly Dent Hubhard Randell, Tex. Aiken, S. C. Doremus Johnson, Ky. Richardson Akin, N.Y. Doughton Johnson, S. C. Robinson .ANSWERED" PRESENT "-6. Alexander Driscoll, D. A. Kf'Dt Roddenbery Butler De Forest Sparkman Talbott, Md. Allen Edwards Kinrlred Ru bey Calder Sherley Anderson, Minn. Esch Kinkaid, Nebr. Rucker, Colo. NOT VOTING-87. Ansberry Estopinal Kinkead, N. J. Rucker, Mo. Prince Ashbrook Evans Kitchin Russell Anderson, Ohio Gillett Legare Ayres Ferris Kopp Saba th Andrus Glass Lever Pujo Barnhart Finley Korbly Barchfeld Goodwin, Ark. Lindsay Rainey Scully Ransdell, La. Bathrick Fitzgerald Lafferty Shackleford Bartlett Gordon Littleton Bell, Ga. Flood, Va. La Follette Sharp Bates Gregg, Pa. Loud Riordan Berger Floyd, Ark. Lee, Ga. Beall, Tex. Gudger Lou(lenslager Rothermel Shrppard Rouse Blackmon Fornes Lee, Pa.. Sherwood Broussard Guernsey MC'CrPary Boehne Foster, Ill. Lenroot Sims Burke, Pa. Hamilton, W. Va. McGillicuddy Saunders Fo-wler Levy Small Booher Sisson Cantrill Hardy McGuire, Okla. Borland French Lewis Slayden Cary Hawley McHPnry Smith, N. Y. Brantley Gallagher Lindbergh Crago Henry, Conn. McH;enzie Smith, Tex. Sloan Stanley Brown Garner Linthicum Stack Cravens Hobson Maher Buchanan Garrett Littlepage Stanley Danforth Howell Martin, S. Dak. Sterling Bulkley George Lloyd Davidson Hughes, N. J. Matthews Sulloway Stedman Switzer Burke, Wis. Godwin, N. C. Lobeck "teener on Difenderfer Hughes, W. Va. Moore, Pa. Burle on Goe.kc McCoy tepbens, Cal. Dupre · Jones Murdock Talcott, N. Y. Burnett Goldfogle McDermott Ellerbe Konig Needham Underbill Stephens, l\Uss. Vreeland Byrnes. S. C. Gould 1\Iacon Stephens, •.rex. Faison Kon op Palmer Byrns, Tenn. Graham Madison Stone Fields Lamb Patten, N. Y. Webb Gray Maguire, Nebr. Fordney Langham Plumley Wilson, Pa. Callaway Sulzer Young, Tex. Candler Gregg. Tex. Martin, Colo. Sweet Francis Langley Porter Carlin Hamill Mays Taylor, Ala. Gardner, Mass. Latta Powers Carter Ham] in Miller Taylor, Colo. So the motion to recommit was rejected. Clark, Fla. Hammond .Moon, Tenn. Thayer Claypool Hanna Moore, 'fex. Thomas The Clerk announced the following pairs: Clayton Hardwick Morrf'1on Town'1end On the -vote: Cline Harrison, Miss. Morse, Wis. Tribhle Mr. DIFENDERlfER (against) with Mr. NEEDHAM (to recom- Collier Harrison, N. Y. . Moss, Ind. Turnbull Connell Haugen 1\lurray Tuttle mit). Conry Hay Nelson Underwood Mr. GREGG of Pennsylvania (against) with Mr. PLUMLEY (to Covington Heil in Norris Volstead recommit). . Cox. Ind. Helgesen Oldfield Warburton Cox. Ohio Helm O'Shaunessy Watkin l\Ir. WILSON of Pennsylvania (against) with Mr. LANGHAM Cullop Henry, Tex. Padgett Wbitacre (to recommit). . Curley Bensley Page White Mr. GLASS (against) with Mr. HENlff of Connecticut (to re­ nau~herty Holland Pepper Wickliffe DaYenport Houston Peters Wili:;on. N. Y. commit). Davis, Minn. Howard Post Witherspoon :Mr. PALMER (against) with Mr. McGUIRE of Oklahoma (to Davis, W. Va. Hubb.ard Pou Woods, Iowa recommit). Dent Hughes, Ga. Raker Young, Kans. Denver Hull Randell, Tex. The Speaker l\Ir. GOODWIN of Arkansas (against) with Mr. CRAGO (to re- Dickinson Humpbr~ys, Miss. Rauch commit). - · Dies Jackson Redfield Mr. JONES (again t) with l\Ir. PRINCE (to recommit). NAYS-90. l\Ir. McHENRY (against) with l\Ir. SWITZER (to recommit). Ames .Bowman Catlin Dalzell Mr. STANLEY (for the bill) with Mr. FoRDNEY (against). Anthony Bradley Cooper Dodds Austin BurkP, S. Dak. Copley Draper Mr. Honso~ \\ith ::\Ir. BATES. Bartholdt Campbell Crumpacker Driscoll, M. E. Mr. ELLERBE with l\Ir. McKENZIE. Bingham Cannon Currier Dwight - 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-. HOUSE. 3585

Dyer Hill Mann Slemp or endeavor to dispose of each amendment upon its merits this Fairchild Hinds Mondell Smith, J. M. C. Farr Howland Moon, Pa. Smith, Saml. W. afternoon? Focht Humphrey, Wash. Morgan Spe~r Mr. UNDERWOOD. I propose to move to concur in Senate Foss Kahn Mott Stevens, Minn. amendment No. 8, relating to Portland cement and other articles, Foster, Vt KendaU Nye Taylor, Ohio Fuller Kennedy Olmsted Thistlewood with an amendment, and to move to disagree to the other Gardner, N. J. Know land Parran Tilson amendments and send the bill to conference. Good Lafean Patton, Pa. Towner The SPEAKER. Is there objection? [After a pause.} The Green, Iowa Lawrence Pavne Utter Greene, Mass. Longworth Pickett Wedemeyer Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. Griest McCall Pray Weeks Mr. U~"TIERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I would ask the Clerk to Hamilton, Mich. McKinley Prouty Wilder report the amendments. Harris McKinney Reyburn Willis Hartman .McLaughlin Roberts, Mass. Wilson. Ill. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the amendments. Hayes )fcMorran Roberts, Nev. Wood, N. J. Senate amendments Nos. 1 to 7, inclusive, were read. Heald Madden . Sells Senate amendment No. 8 was read, as follows: Iliggins JUalby Simmons ANSWERED "PRESENT "-7. Amendment No .. 8, page 3, after line 16, insert, "Roman, Portland, and other hydraullc cement, and lime." Butler De Forest Sherley Talbott, Md. Calder Dickson, Miss. Sparkman Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I move to disagree to NOT VOTING-88. Senate amendments Nos. 1 to 7, inclusive. Anderson, Ohio Gillett Legare Prince The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Alabama moves to dis­ Andrus Glass Lever Pujo Barchfeld Goodwin, Ark. Lindsay Rainey agree t<' Senate amendments 1 to 7, inclusive. Bartlett Gordon Littleton Ransdell, La. Mr. FRENCH. Mr. Speaker, I want to offer a motion as a Ilntes . Gregg, Pa. Loud Riordan substitute, which I think is privileged, that we concur in all the Beall, Tex. Gudger Loudenslager Rodenberg Brnussard Guernsey McCreary Rothermel Senate amendments. Burke, Pa. Hamilton, W. Va. McGillicuddy Rouse The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Idaho makes a prefer­ Cantrill Hardy McGuire, Okla. Saunders Cary Hawley McHenry Small ential motion that the House concur in the Senate amendments. • Crago Henry, Conn. McKenzie Smith, N. Y. l\fr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I desire to concur in one Cravens Ilobson Maher Smith, Tex. amendment with an amendment, and I belieYe that is prefer­ Danforth Howell Martin, S. Dak. Sterling Davidson Hughes, N. J. Matthews Sulloway ential at this stage. Does the gentleman from Idaho mean the Difenderfer Hughes, W. Va. Moore, Pa. Switzer first seven amendments? Dupre Jones Murdock Talcott, N. Y. Mr. FRE]'\CH. My motion was intended to apply to all the Ellerbe Konig Needham Underhill amendments. However, in view of the statement of the gentle­ his~ Koo® P~m& Vreeland Fields Lamb Patten, N. Y. Webb man from Alabama [M:r. UNDERWOOD], I make the motion to the Fordney Langham Plumley Wilson, Pa. first seven amendments. Francis Langley Porter Young, Mich. Gardner, Mass. Latta Powers Young, Tex. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Idaho [Mr. FRENCH] move~ to co~cur in the first seven amendments. That is a pref­ So the bill was passed. erential motion, and the vote is on that motion. The Clerk announced the following additional pairs: The question was taken, and the motion was rejected. On this ·rnte : Mr. McHENRY (for the bill) with Mr. SWITZER (against). The SPEAKER. That is equivalent to nonconcurrence in the Mr. ELLERBE with Mr. McKENZIE. Senate amendments. Mr. DIFENDERFER (for the bill) with Mr. NEEDHAM (against). Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I now mo\e to concur in l\fr. GREGG of Pennsylvania (for the bill) with Mr. PLUMLEY amendment No. 8 with an amendment, by striking out the (against). period and adding after the last word the words " and lemons." Mr. GLAss (for the bill) with l\Ir. HENRY of Connecticut The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Alabama moves to con­ (ngainst). cu~ ~n the Senate .amendment No. 8 with an amendment by Mr. Goonwrn of Arkansas (for the bill) with Mr. CBAGO str1kmg out the penod and adding the words " and lemons." (against). . Mr. STEPHENS of California. Mr. Speaker, under the par­ l\Ir. JONES (for the bill) with Mr. PRINCE (against). hamentary rules haye I a right to be heard at this time? Until Friday : The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Alabama [Mr. UNDER­ Mr. WILSON of Pennsylvania (for the bill) willi Mr. LANGHAM WOOD] bas the floor. (against). Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman. Until further notice : I understand the bill is being considered under the five-minute Mr. HOBSON with Mr. BATES. rule in the House as in the Committee of the Whole and I will Mr. PALMER (for the bill) with Mr. McGUIRE of Oklahoma yield to the gentleman from California first. ' (against). . l\fr. ST~HENS of California. Mr. Speaker, I am very much The result of the vote was announced as above recorded. mterested m lemons, but I am not here asking for a duty on [Applause on the Democratic side.] them that is not right. I have stood here on this floor voting Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I move to reconsider the my sentiments upon the tariff question, and I ask that lemons last vote and to lay that motion on the table. be given proper consideration by the Committee on Ways and The question was taken, and the motion was agreed to. Means and by this House. We have had no notice whatever l\lr. SHERLEY. Mr. Speaker, on the roll call to recommit on this question; we are not prepared to ad Yance our argu­ I voted " present," being paired with the gentleman from Massa­ ments now, and this seems to be taking snap judgment on an chusetts, l\fr. GARDNER. I u.nderRtand that the roll does not important proposition. show my ha,ing Yoted "pre ent." I did vote "present," and Gentlemen, the lemon industry of California and Florida has desire the REconn to so state. sent its experts into Italy and along the Mediterranean shores The SPEAKER. The Clerk will make the change. to investigate this question, and they are prepared, or will be FREE-LIST BILL. prepared, they say, to present the result of their investigation to the committee for full. discussion and consideration. When Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I desire to ask unanimous they do so, whatever the determination, whatever the rio-ht consent to take from the Speaker's table the bill (H. R. 4413) figures may be, I will be willing to stand for, but I am not re:dy to place on the free list agricultural implements and other to stand for a snap judgment. Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I pro­ articles, and to consider the bill and Senate amendments in the test against the amendment being considered now and I ask House as in Committee of the Whole. that this part of the amendment be not adopted no~. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Alabama asks unani­ Mr. COLLIER. Will the gentleman yield? mous consent to take from the Speaker's table the bill H. R. Mr. STEPHENS of California. I will. 4413, with Senate amendments, and to consider the bill and Mr. COLLIER. The gentleman has probably made a deep amendments in the House as in Committee of the Whole. The study of this question, and I would like to ask him, for infor­ Clerk will report the title of the bill. mation, if the lemon crop of California and Florida is sufficient rrhe Clerk read as follows: to supply the demand in the United States? A bill (H. R. 4413) to place on the free list agricultural implements, cotton bagging, cotton ties, leather, boots and shoes, fence .wire, meats Mr. STEPHENS of California. Mr. Speaker, I will answer cereals, flour, bread, timber, lumber, sewing machines, salt, aµd other the gentleman's question by saying that there are not enough articles. lemons produced in the United States to-day to supply the de­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection? mand, but with the proper amount of tariff on lemons there will Mr. .M.ANN. l\Ir. Speaker, resening the right to object, I be sufficient raised gradually to supply the demand. \vould like to ask the gentleman from Alabama, being late in Now, l\fr. Speaker, I make the point of order that the amend~ the evening now, whether it is his intention to ask a disagree­ ment offered to the amendment is not in order at this time. ment to the Senate amendments and send the bill to conference, Mr. UNDERWOOD. That is too late, Mr. Speaker. 3586 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .. AUGUST 3,

The SPEAKER. The point of -0rder comes too late. germane, the Chair would have had to hold the ruction in Mr. HARRISOX of New York. l\Ir. Speaker, the purpose of order, but that was not done. The question is-- thi amendment is to place lemons on the free list. The raise Mr. CANNON. l\Ir. Speaker, I move to reconsider the motion in the rates on lemons was one of the most indefensible raises by which the previous question was ordered. in the Payne-Aldrich tariff law. The rate before that law had :Mr. JAMES. How did the gentleman vote? been 1 cent a pound. In the House bill it was raised to 1! The SPEAKER. There being no record, there can be no way cents a pound, and in the Senate to 1! cents a pound, which of finding out how the gentleman voted except to take his word rate became the law. The former rate had been 53 per cent ad for it. Talorem, and the rate of H cents a pound, 78 per cent ad Mr. JAMES. We will take his word for it. Talorem. l\1r. CAJ\TNON. I did not vote. I was not in the Chamber Mr. LE~IlOOT. If the gentleman is correct about this rate when the question was taken ordering the previous question. being so outrageous, I should like to ask him why his commit­ l\Ir. JAlllES. l\fr. Spe..'\ker, I make the potnt of order that tee c1icl not include lemons in the original free-list bill? under the circumstances the gentleman can not make the motion Mr. HARRISON of Kew York. I will say to the gentleman to reconsider. frankly that I think it was an oversight. It should have gone l\fr. CA.L'..TNON. There being no record-- into the original bill, and I am glad of this opportunity to repair 1\Ir. HAY. Mr. Speaker, I make the point of order that it is that o-versight and to offer the amendment in the House now. not in order to make the motion to reconsider. [.Applause on the Democratic side.] Opposition to the adoption Mr. CANNON. One word, Mr. Speaker. As I understand of an amendment of this kind-- the rule, the same result can be arrived at by a motion to re­ 1\Ir. :MADDEN. Mr. Speaker-- commit with instructions. The SPEAKER Does the gentleman from New York yield to The SPEAKER. There is no question but what that position the gentleman from Illinois? is correct. . :\Ir. HA.IlRISON of New York. I do. Mr. JAMES. l\lr. Speaker, can you i·ecommit a conference .l\1r. JiLl.DDEN. I wi h to ask a question for information. report? The gentleman from Alabama moTes to concur in the amend­ Mr. CA...i.~NON. I withdraw my motion to reconsider, l\fr. ment of the Senate, with an amendment. Now, the query I wish Speaker. to make is whether, if this amendment is adopted with an The SPEAKER. The question is on the motion of the gen­ amendment, it will not still be in conference, even if we adopt tleman from Alabama, to concur in Senate amendment No. 8 the Senate amendment? with an amendment, the amendm~nt being to sh·ike out the :Mr. HARRISON of New York. I will say to the gentleman period nt the end of the amendment and add the words "and that I understand not; that all the other amendments will be lemons.'' subject to conference, if the bill is subsequently sent to con­ The question was taken, and the motion was a~reed to. ference. Mr. U:XDEilWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House ask .Mr. FITZGERALD. Oh, this amendment will go to conference. the Senate for a conference on this bill. :\Ir. HARRISON of New York. I am informed that this will The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Alabama moves that go to conference also. ~he House ~sk for a conference with the Senate. The question .Mr. MADDEN. This contro-rnrsy will ne-ver end. is on a "reemg to that mo ti on . Mr. M.ADISOX l\Jr. Speaker-- The question was taken, and the motion was agreed to. Tlle SPfilKER. Does the gentleman from New York yield The SPEAKER announced the following conferees on the to the gentleman from Kansas? part of the House: :Mr. UNDERWOOD, 1\Ir. RANDELL of Texas, l\lr. ~Ir. HARRISON of ,.ew York. I do. HARRISON of l~ew York, l\lr. PAYNE, and l\Ir. DALZELL. lr.... JADISON. I rose to a parliamentary inquiry. I thought CHANGE OF REFERE~CE. the gentleman from New York had concluded. By unanimous consent, the Committee on Indian Affairs was Tlle SPEAKEil. The gentleman will state it. . discharged from further consideration of House joint resolu­ l\Ir. MADISON. Is it now in order to amend further by add­ tion 142, and the same was referred to the Committee on Public ing other articles to the free list? Land. Ur. HARRISON of New York. Mr. Speaker, I have the :tloo SEN ATE BILL REFERRED. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from New York has the Under claus_e 2, Rule XXIV, Senate bill of the following title floor and is entitled to finish his statement. was taken from the Speaker's table and referred to its ap­ ~Ir. ILl.IlRISOX of New York. The immediate result of the propriate committee, as indicated below: Pa:rue-.ildrich tariff raise in lemons was that the importations S. 2336. An uct to acquire land along the cour e of Rock of lemons for the last fiscai year 'decreased oyer 10,000,000 Creek for the purpose of preventing the pollution and ob truc­ ponucls and the price of lemons in the markets of .the East tion thereof ancl of copnecting Potomac Park with the Zoological appreciably increased. Park and Rock Creek Park and providing a new location for l\ow, this increase was put in at the demand of the Cali­ the United States Bota.nic Garden; to the Committee on Public fornia Lemon Tru t, and the people of the East are thereby forced Buildings and Grounds. ' to pay the freight rate of the California lemon growers. It i just about as clear an exn.mple of tbe gtving of special privi­ LEAVE OF ABSENCE. lesebud and other Indian Reservations in South and 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3587

North Dakota, reported the tiame with amendment, accompanied Also, a bill ( H. R. 13253) granting an increase of pension to by a report (No. 115), whioil sa.ii.. bill and report were referred William H. Foley; to the Committee on In--rnlid Pensions. to the House Calendar. Also, a bill (H. R. 13254) granting an increase of pension to Mr. TAYLOR of Colora(.o, from the Committee on the Public James E. Reilly; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Lands, to which was refE'rred the bill of the Senate (S. 3052) Also, a bill (H. R. 13255) granting an increase of pension to granting leave of absenco to certain homesteaders, reported the Charles Jackson; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 116), Also, a bill (H. R. 13256) granting an increase of pension to which said bill and repod were referred to the House Calendar. John McCarthy, alias George Thompson; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 13257) granting an increase of pension to PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, AND MEMORIALS. Peter Ali; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills, resolutions, and memo­ Also, a bill (H. R. 13258) granting a pension to Thomas A. M. rials were introduced and severally referred, as follows: Chambers; to the Committee on Pensions. By l\fr. JOHNSON of Kentucky (by request of the Commis­ Also, a bill ( H. R. 13259) granting a pension to Peter A. sioners of the District of Columbia) : A bill (H. R. 13235) to Fitzpatrick; to the Committee on Pensions. authorize the Commissioners of the District of Columbia to Also, a bill (H. R. 13260) granting a pension to Daniel Wil- collect an annual rental for vault privileges granted in public liams; to the Committee on Pensions. · . space; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Also, a bill (H. R. 13261) for the relief of the heirs. of By Mr. BARNHART: A bill (H. R. 13236) to provide for Catharine Gillen; to the Committee on War Claims. the purchase of a site and the erection of a public building Also, ::t bill (H. R. 13262) for the relief of the heirs at law thereon at Rochester, Ind.; to the Committee on Public Build­ of P.H. Doyle, assignee of William lll. Shimmins and George H. ings and Grounds. McPherson ; to the Committee on Claims. · By Mr. GRIEST: A bill (H. R. 13237) for the establishment Also, a bill (H. R. 13263) to remove the charge of desertion uf a fish-cultural station in the State of Pennsylvania; to the from the record of Edward Whiteside; to the Committee on Committee on the Merchant .Marine and Fisheries. Milita.rv Affairs. By 1\Ir. IfITZGERALD: A bill (H. R. 13238) to repeal cer­ By ~.i:r. FULLER: A bill (H. R. 13264) granting an increase tain laws relating to permanent and indefinite appropriations; of pension to Daniel Mason; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ to the Committee on Appropriations. sions. Also, a bill (H. R. 13239) to provide for the construction of By Mr. HAMILTON of Michigan: A bill (H. R. 13265) grant­ an intercepting sewer for the relief of the United States navy ing an increase of pension to Henry C. Beswick ; to the Com­ yard at Brooklyn, N. Y.; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. mittee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. JACKSON (by request) : A bill (H. R. 13240) to pro­ By l\Ir. HART.MAN: A bill (H. R. 13266) granting an in­ mote an international phonetic conference; to the Committee on crease of pension to William Zimmerman ; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Invalid Pensions. By Mr. GOOD: A bill (H. R. 13241) to amend section 5278 By Mr. LITTLEPAGE: A bill (H. R. 13267) .granting an ~­ of the Revised Statutes of the United States, relating to the crease of pension to Isaac Comer; to the Committee on Invalld process of extradition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Pensions. By Mr. SHEPPARD: A bill (H. R. 13242) to constitute in­ By Mr. McGUIRE of Oklahoma: A bill (H. R.13268) granting toxicating liquors a special class of commodities and to regulate an increase of pension to Cornelius Cain; to the Committee on the interstate-commerce shipments of such liquors; to the Com­ Invalid Pensions. mittee on the Judiciary. Also a bill (H. R. 13269) granting an increase of pension to By Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky: Resolution (H. Res. 261) James'A. Johnson; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. setting a time for District of Columbia legislation; to the Com­ By Mr. RUSSELL: A bill (H. R. 13270) granting a pension mittee on Rules. to Sarah E. Stone; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By l\fr. FOWLER: Resolution (H. Res. 262) calling upon the Also, a bill (H. R. 13271) granting a pension to John M. Secretary of the Treasury for certain information; to the Com­ Reddick ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. mittee on Expenditures in the Treasury Department. By l\Ir. TILSON: .A bill (H. R. 13272) granting an increase By Mr. RAKER: Resolution (H. Res. 263) for an investiga­ of pension to William W. Johnson; to the Committee on Invalid tion by the Committee on the Public Lands of the administra­ Pensions. tion of the public-land laws; to the Committee on Rules. Also, a bill ( H. R. 13273) for the relief of Pasc!.ta.l A. Weeks; By Mr. DAVENPORT: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 143) to to the Committee on Military Affairs. authorize the Secretary of the Interior to make a pe:r capita By l\fr. WEDEMEYER: A bill (H. R. 13274) granting an payment to the enrolled members of the Cherokee, Creek, and increase of pension to Peter Clark ; to the Committee on Invalid Seminole Tribes of Indians entitled to share in the funds of Pensions. said tribes ; to the Committee on India~ Affairs. PETITIONS, ETC. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and papers were laid PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, privn.te bills and resolutions By Mr. BUTLER: Resolutions of the Royersford and Spring were introduced and severally referred, as follows: City Trades Council, of Spring City, Pa., f:rrnring House resolu­ By .Mr. BYRNS of Tennessee: A bill (H. R. 13243) for the tion 114, amending Rules X and XI; to the Committee on Rules. relief of Elm Sh·eet :Methodist Episcopal Church South, of By Mr. BYRNS of Tennessee: Paper to accompany bill for Nashville, Tenn., successor to Mulberry Street l\Iethodist Epis­ relief of Elm Street Church, successor to Mulberry Street copal Church South; to the Committee on War Claims. Church;. to the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. COOPER: A bill (H. R. 13244) grU;nting an increase By Mr. COX of Ohio : Resolutions of the Ohio Leaf Tobacco of pension to Elihu W. Gray; to the Committee on Invalid Packers' Association, against certain proposed . legislation re­ Pensions. quiring leaf dealers to specify and report the exact type of By Mr. CULLOP: A bill (H. R. 13245) granting an increase tobacco on hand, etc.; to the Committee on Ways and Means. of pension to William H. Robinson ; to the Committee on Inva­ Also, resolution of Encampment No. 145, Union Veterans' Le­ lid Pensions. gion, Dayton, Ohio, favoring certain pension legislation; to the By Mr. CURLEY: A bill (H. R. 13246) granting an inci·ease Committee on Invalid Pensions. of pension to John J. Moran, alias Jean J. l\Ialcolm; to the Com­ Also, petition of sundry citizens of Camden, Ohio, in opposi­ mittee on Pensions. tion to a parcels post; to the Committee on the Post Office and By Mr. FITZGERALD: A bill (H. R. 13247) granting an in­ Post Roads. crease of pension to William Fetterer ; to the Committee on By Mr. ORAYENS: Petitions of numerous citizens of Ash­

Pensions. down, B9oneville1 De Queen, Mansfield, Mena, Nashville, and Also, a bill (H. R. 13248) granting an increase of pension to Texarkana, Ark., favoring regulation of the rates of express Patrick F. Morey; to the Committee on Pensions. companies; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ .Also, a bill (H. R. 13249) granting an increase of pension to merce. William H. Peck; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, resolutions o{Local Union 1199, Union Mine Workers of Also, a bill (H. R. 13250) grunting an increase of pension to America, of Bonanza, Ark., and citizens of Scott County, Ark., William H . .Alden; to the Committee on Iirrnlid Pensions. favoring an investigation of the MCl""'{amura case; to the Com­ Also, a bill (H. R. 13251) granting an increase of pension to mittee on the Judiciary. Henry Scully; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. DYER: Memorial of Street & Graves, of Houston, Also, a bill (H. R. 13252) granting an increase of pension to Tex., calling attention to the duty on cotton bagging; to the John Fay; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Committee on Ways and Means.

-- 3588 CONGRESSIONAL · RECORD.-SENATE. AUGUST 4,

Also, resolution of the Arizona Woolgrowers' Association, Texas, Mr. HARRISON of New York, Mr. PAYNE, and Mr. D ~\L­ protesting against the pas"'age by Congress of any of the several ZELL managers at the conference on the part of the House. bills now pending changing and reducing the tariff on wool The message also announced that the House had passed a ·and meats until such time as the Tariff Commission shall be bill (H. R. 12812) to reduce the duties on manufactures of able to report on the subjects involved; to the Committee ~n cotton, in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. Ways and l\1eans. THE FREE LIST. Also, petition of Van Calvert Paint Co. a~ainst chan~ing the present sugar schedule of the tariff laws; to the CoIIlllllttee on The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the actiou. Ways and .Means. , . of the House of Representatives agreeing to the amendment of By .l\Ir. FITZGERALD: Resolution of the Arizona Woolgrow­ the Senate No. 8 to the bill (H. R. 4413) to place upon the ers' .Association, protesting against the passage by Congress of free list agricultural implements, cotton bagging, cotton tie:, any of the seT'eral bills now pending changing and reducing the leather, boots and shoes, fence wire, meats, cereals, flour, tariff on wool and meats until such time as the Tariff Commis­ bread, timber, lumber, sewing machines, salt, and other arti­ sion shall be able to report on the subjects involved; to the cles, with an amendment, disagreeing to the residue of the Committee on Ways and .Means. amendments of the Senate to the bill, and requesting a con­ By Mr. FOCHT: Papers to accompany House bill 13220, a bill ference with the Senate on the disagreeing Yotes of the hYo for the relief of ·calvin Seebold; to the Committee on Invalid Houses thereon. Pensions. Mr. PENROSE. I move that the Senate disagree to t1Jc By 1\Ir. FULLER: Papers to accompany a bill for the relief amendment of the House to amendment No. 8, and further in­ of Daniel .Mason; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. sist upon its amendments, and comply with the request of th~ Also petition of Keith Spalding and 26 others, of Tinley Park, House for a conference, and that five conferees be appointed Ill., f~voring the passage of House bill 8611, t? regulate the on the part of the Senate, to be selected by the Chair. importation of nursery stock, etc.; to the Committee on Inter­ The motion was agreed to, and the· Vice President a11i1ointed state and Foreign Commerce. Mr. PENROSE, Mr. CULLOM, Mr. LA FOLLE1."l'E, l\Ir. BAILEY, aml l\Ir. SIMMONS conferees on the part of the Senate. Also, paper to accompany H~use bill 1204~, for t~e relief of James Trevillian; to the Comnnttee on Invalid Pensions. THE COTTON SCIIEDULE. Also, petitions of D. C. Murray & Co., of Streator, Ill.; D. J. H. R. 12812, an act to- reduce the duties on manufactures of Stewart & Co., of Rockford, Ill. ; and H. H. Wagner, of De Kalb, cotton, was· read twice by its title. Ill., in opposition to a parcels-post law; to the Committee on the Mr. l\fARTIN of Virginia. I mo-ve that the bill be referre11 ·Post Office and Post Roads. to the Committee on Finance, with instructions to report to the By 1\Ir. GRIEST: Resolution adopted by the Lancaster (P~.) Senate not later than the 10th day of August. Lile Stock Exchange, indorsing the passage of the Canadian Mr. OVERMAN. Mr. President, I move as an amendment reciprocity bill· to the Committee on Ways and Means. that the committee be instructed to report back the bill not By Mr. KINDRED: Petition of Walter F. Fischer, of New later than the 24th of August. That would give the same time, York, N. Y., urging the passage of a bill increasing the pay of I understand, that was given on the wool bill, and I want to second lieutenants and chief musicians of regiments in the have the cotton manufacturers treated in the same manner. If United States Cavalry; to the Committee on Military Affairs. the committee chooses to report back the bill the next day, we Also, petition of l\1r. August Schne~kenbu~·ger •. of 118 Hunter can not help that; but the people of my State want to be heartl Avenue, Long Island City, N. Y., urgmg legislation for. the bet­ on this measure, and they ought to be heard. terment of homes for United States soldiers and sailors; to I represent a State, l\Ir. President, that has 300 cotton mills, the Committee on l\Iilitary Affairs. with a capital of $100,000,000, and in their behalf, on behalf of By l\!r. SAMUEL W. SMITH: Petitions of numerous citizens the 50,000 laborers who receive $15,000,000 in wages annually, of Michigan in favor of a parcels post; to the Committee on the I ask this simple justice, that they may be heard. I doubt Post Office and Post Roads. whether in 10 days they can get here. This is the 4th, to-mor­ l\Ir. By STEPHENS of California: Resolutions adopted by row is the 5th, Sunday is the 6th. It would give them only the Los Angeles (Cal.) Wholesalers' Board of Tr~de, relating 4 days, if the committee should meet on Monday and Tues­ to proposed legislation affecting the cold-storage rndustry; to day and Wednesday. They want a sufficient time for a hearing. the Committee on Agriculture. I understand that this bill, in some respects at least, ought to AlEo, resolutions of the Los Angeles (Cal) Chamber. of Com­ be amended. I see that in the debate in the House of Repre­ merce, favoring legislation so as to permit corporati~ns and companies to make their returns as of the close of their fiscal sentatives it was admitted that there is an increase in the tariff years· to the Committee on Ways and Means. of 250 per cent on some of the goods which are made in my 1 own State, and I will protest against that. My people do not By Mr. SULZER: Resolutions of the Union League Club of want any increase; they want a revision; but they want a fair Brooklyn, N. Y., indorsing the reciprocity bill; to the Committee and a just revision of this schedule. They want to be heard, on Ways and Means. and the people of this country ought to be heard upon this sub­ Also, petition of Louis.vill~ Branch, Germ~~-Ame~·ican Alli­ ject. The men who are particularly interested as well as all ance, favoring an investigation of the admims~rat10n of th.e the people ought to be heard upon this subject, and especially immicrration office at Ellis Island; to the Committee on Imm1- ought the manufacturers to be heard. grati~n and Naturalization. . There is a good deal of difference between this bill and some By l\fr. WILSON of New York: Resolutions of district cap­ other bills bere. So far as a trust in cotton or cotton goods is tains of Fifth Assembly District Repl!blican Organization of Brooklyn, N. Y., protesting against inadequate mail service in concerned, I stand here to say that there is no trust and never has been a trust. There hav~ been attempts in my State to Brooklyn· to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads. form a trust of the cotton mills, but they have not succeeded. Also, petitions of National. Consumers' Leag~e, protestin~ The mills have been suffering. Many of them have been running against the removal of Dr. Wiley; to the Committee on Agri­ on half time, and some of them have gone into tQ.e hands of culture. a receiver. They have not been declaring dividends. They want to know and I want to know what there is in this bill. SENATE. They want to be heard. They ask for a revision, but they ask for a just revision. All that I ask is that these people be FRIDAY, August 4, 1911. given time to be heard, and four days is not sufficient time. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. IDysses G. B. Pierce, D. D. Mr. SMITH of l\lichigan. Mr. President-- The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from North Car­ olina yield to the Senator from Michigan? MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. Mr. OVERMAN. Certainly. A message from the House of Representatives, by 1\Ir. J. C. 1\Ir. SMITH of Michigan. I simply want to suggest to the South, its Chief Clerk, announced that the H~use had agreed to Senator from North Carolina that this somewhat belated plea the amendment of the Senate No. 8 to the bill (H. R. 4413) to for a hearing upon the question of a reduction of duties on the place upon the free list agricultural implements, c.otton bag­ products of the South comes with very poor grace from the other ging, cotton ties, leather, boots and shoes,. fence w1~e, meats, side of the Chamber, which but a day or two ago, where more! cereals, flour, bread, timber, lumber, sewmg machines, salt, than a million men were directly affected in their employment, and other articles, with an amendment, in which it requested pushed a free-trade bill through the Senate without even so the concurrence of the Senate; disagrees to the residue of much as an apology or a word of warning to the industries the amendments of the Senate to the bill; asks .a conference affected although entire communities were harmfully involYed. with the Senate on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses Mr. OVERMAN. Yes; but when we did that we were stand· thereon, and had appointed Mr. UNDERWOOD, Mr. RANDELL of ing upon the Democratic platform, which declares that there