Vinnapas® Solid Resins – Clear Advantages for Your Application Why Not Add a Bunch of Benefits to Your Formulation?

CREATING TOMORROW’S SOLUTIONS

POLYMER SPECIALTIES I BINDERS AND ADDITIVES

VINNAPAS® SOLID RESINS – CLEAR ADVANTAGES FOR YOUR APPLICATION WHY NOT ADD A BUNCH OF BENEFITS TO YOUR FORMULATION?

No known physiological risks Excellent UV stability Resistance to oil and abrasion resistance and grease

Excellent adhesion to many substrates

Clear films with good gloss

Good aging Solubility in mild, properties environmentally friendly (HAPs-free) solvents

2 Contents General Product Information Chemical Structure 4 VINNAPAS® Product Overview 6 Solubility Tables and Compatibility 8 Applications VINNAPAS® Application Areas 12 Low-Profile Additives 14 Adhesives 16 Coatings 18 Sound-Damping Sheets 19 Powder Injection Molding (PIM) 20 VINNAPAS® General Information 21 WACKER at a Glance 22

VINNAPAS® solid resins are thermoplastic polyvinyl acetates (PVAc) with an attractive property profile: • Homogeneous • Color-free • Odor-free • Taste-free • No known physiological risks

The versatile polymers are already used Open for New Applications as binders and/or as additives, for example, But many other application fields are in the following applications: feasible, too. Whether you need to • Low-profile additives prevent unsaturated polyesters from • Solvent-based adhesives shrinking during curing, to improve • Hot-melt adhesives the adhesion of your product to certain • Structural adhesives surfaces or if you are looking for a • Coatings crystal-clear alternative to natural resins: • Sound-damping sheets our broad portfolio offers many possibilities. • Powder injection molding (PIM) Talk to us!

VINNAPAS® is a registered trademark of Wacker Chemie AG.

3 BRING YOUR IDEAS TO LIFE WITH THE BROADEST OFFERING OF PVAC RESINS

WACKER is the leading supplier of polyvinyl acetate solid resins. We offer you decades of experience with PVAc chemistry and – under the brand name VINNAPAS® – the most comprehensive range of PVAc resin products.

WACKER offers a uniquely diverse VINNAPAS® PVAc Homopolymer Grades portfolio of PVAc resins because we have the capability to produce different VINNAPAS® grades by varying the: • Monomers VAc VAc • Polymerization processes • Molecular weights • Viscosities in solution Low to medium molecular weight: High molecular weight: Choose Different Chemical Structures VINNAPAS® B grades VINNAPAS® UW grades for Different Properties As shown in the diagram, WACKER offers different grades of PVAc resins: homopolymers, such as VINNAPAS® B and UW grades; carboxylated PVAc, VINNAPAS® C grades (copolymer of • PVAc homopolymers with low to medium • PVAc homopolymers with high vinyl acetate and crotonic acid) and molecular weight molecular weight VINNAPAS® VL grades (copolymers of • High-purity, food-grade quality • Broad range of binders; variable vinyl acetate and vinyl laurate*). molecular weight and viscosities

Unique Grades: VINNAPAS® VL grades, specialties VINNAPAS® C Copolymer Grades VINNAPAS® VL Copolymer Grades consisting of PVAc and vinyl laurate (VL) monomer, are exclusively produced by Wacker Chemie AG. VAc COOH VAc VL Benefit from Different Production Processes that Unlock a Broader Range of Properties Carboxylated PVAc: Copolymers with vinyl laurate*: WACKER produces VINNAPAS® solid VINNAPAS® C grades VINNAPAS® VL grades resins by three processes: • Bulk polymerization • Solution polymerization • Suspension polymerization

• Carboxylated PVAc (crotonic acid as • Copolymers with vinyl laurate functional monomer) • Impart high flexibility, hydrophobicity • Promote adhesion to metals (promote water resistance), biocontent

* Vinyl laurate products are marketed by Wacker Chemie AG under the brand name VERSA® 12.

4 CHOOSE THE BEST VINNAPAS® FOR YOUR APPLICATION!

VINNAPAS® Solid Resins

VINNAPAS® B: Low to medium viscosity. VINNAPAS® B grades are fusible and brittle at temperatures of 20 °C.

VINNAPAS® UW: High viscosity. UW grades VINNAPAS® UW resins are thermoplastics. High viscosity At 20 °C, they are more elastic than the VINNAPAS® B grades.

VINNAPAS® C: Low to medium viscosity. ®

C grades VINNAPAS C grades are fusible and hydrophilic. VL grades B grades

VINNAPAS® VL: Low to medium viscosity. Low viscosity Low VINNAPAS® VL grades are hydrophobic and fusible. They exhibit cold flow at room temperature. Hydrophobic Hydrophilic

Enjoy more formulation freedom! This variety makes it easy to find not just any grade, but the best grade for your specific application. If in doubt, please contact your WACKER expert.

5 VINNAPAS® SOLID RESINS PRODUCT OVERVIEW

Product Properties at a Glance Grades Viscosity1 Acid Number2 Delivery Form Volatiles3 Molecular K Value5 Softening Melt Viscosity7 Glass Transition Food-Contact Compliance [mPa s] [mg KOH/g] [%] Weight4 Point6 at 120 °C Temperature8 [Mw g/mol] [°C] [Pa s] [°C] EU 10/2011 FDA 175.300 FDA 175.105 VINNAPAS® Homopolymer Polyvinyl Acetate (CAS No. 9003-20-7) VINNAPAS® B Grades9 VINNAPAS® B Grades9 VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP 1.2 – 1.4 < 0.5 Pastilles < 1.0 ~15,000 ~20 ~85 ~35 ~33 VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP VINNAPAS® B 5 SP 1.6 – 2.0 < 0.5 Pastilles < 1.0 ~25,000 ~26 ~95 ~130 ~35 VINNAPAS® B 5 SP VINNAPAS® B 14 SP 1.9 – 2.3 < 0,5 Pastilles < 1.0 ~35,000 ~27 ~101 ~400 ~38 VINNAPAS® B 14 SP VINNAPAS® B 17 SP 2.5 – 3.0 < 0.5 Pellets < 1.0 ~45,000 ~31 ~107 ~1,500 ~39 VINNAPAS® B 17 SP VINNAPAS® B 30 SP 3.0 – 3.5 < 0.5 Pellets < 1.0 ~55,000 ~33 ~113 ~2,600 ~40 VINNAPAS® B 30 SP VINNAPAS® B 60 SP 3.5 – 5.0 < 0.5 Pellets < 1.0 ~70,000 ~40 ~119 ~4,000 ~41 VINNAPAS® B 60 SP VINNAPAS® B 60 FG 3.5 – 5.0 < 0.5 Powder < 1.0 ~70,000 ~40 ~119 ~4,000 ~41 VINNAPAS® B 60 FG VINNAPAS® B 100 SP 5.0 – 6.5 < 0.5 Pellets < 1,0 ~100,000 ~43 ~133 ~8,500 ~42 VINNAPAS® B 100 SP VINNAPAS® UW Grades9 VINNAPAS® UW Grades9 VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS 8.0 – 11.0 < 0.5 Beads < 1.0 ~145,000 ~51 ~155 ~11,000 ~42 VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS 11.0 – 13.5 < 0.5 Beads < 1.0 ~180,000 ~57 ~167 ~12,000 ~42 VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS VINNAPAS® UW 4 FS 23.0 – 30.0 < 0.5 Beads < 1.0 ~305,000 ~63 ~197 ~13,000 ~43 VINNAPAS® UW 4 FS VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS 35.0 – 55.0 < 0.5 Beads < 1.0 ~410,000 ~70 ~220 n.m. ~43 VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS VINNAPAS® UW 25 FS 75.0 – 85.0 < 0.5 Beads < 1.0 ~540,000 ~90 n.m. n.m. ~43 VINNAPAS® UW 25 FS VINNAPAS® Vinyl Acetate/Crotonic Acid Copolymer (CAS No. 25609-89-6) VINNAPAS® C Grades VINNAPAS® C Grades VINNAPAS® LL 8251 2.0 – 2.3 6.0 – 9.0 Flakes < 0.5 ~30,000 ~25 ~101 ~400 ~38 VINNAPAS® LL 8251 VINNAPAS® C 305 2.5 – 3.5 30.0 – 38.0 Flakes < 0.5 ~50,000 ~30 ~120 ~4,000 ~45 VINNAPAS® C 305 VINNAPAS® C 341 3.5 – 3.8 6.0 – 8.0 Flakes < 0.5 ~60,000 ~34.5 ~118 ~3,100 ~40 VINNAPAS® C 341 VINNAPAS® C 501 7.5 – 9.5 6.0 – 9.0 Flakes < 0.5 ~135,000 ~50 ~146 ~10,000 ~43 VINNAPAS® C 501 VINNAPAS® Vinyl Acetate/Vinyl Laurate Copolymer (CAS No. 26354-30-3) VINNAPAS® VL Grades VINNAPAS® VL Grades VINNAPAS® B 100/20 VLE 3,700 – 4,700 < 0.5 Solution ~ 50 % ~185,000 ~45 n.m. n.m. ~20 - VINNAPAS® B 100/20 VLE VINNAPAS® B 500/20 VL 8.0 – 12.0 < 0.5 Blocks < 1.0 ~225,000 ~50 115 ~2,200 ~20 - VINNAPAS® B 500/20 VL VINNAPAS® B 500/40 VL 8.0 – 12.0 < 0.5 Blocks < 1.0 ~320,000 ~51 85 ~180 ~0 - VINNAPAS® B 500/40 VL

1 Conditions: 10% solution of VINNAPAS® solid resin in ethyl acetate, ASTM D 445-06, 20 °C; B 100/20 VLE which is a 50% solution in ethyl acetate is measured as such. 2 WACKER method VPS 09 3 WACKER method VPS 07

Please note: These data are intended as a guide and should not be used in preparing specifications.

6 Product Properties at a Glance Grades Viscosity1 Acid Number2 Delivery Form Volatiles3 Molecular K Value5 Softening Melt Viscosity7 Glass Transition Food-Contact Compliance [mPa s] [mg KOH/g] [%] Weight4 Point6 at 120 °C Temperature8 [Mw g/mol] [°C] [Pa s] [°C] EU 10/2011 FDA 175.300 FDA 175.105 VINNAPAS® Homopolymer Polyvinyl Acetate (CAS No. 9003-20-7) VINNAPAS® B Grades9 VINNAPAS® B Grades9 VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP 1.2 – 1.4 < 0.5 Pastilles < 1.0 ~15,000 ~20 ~85 ~35 ~33 VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP VINNAPAS® B 5 SP 1.6 – 2.0 < 0.5 Pastilles < 1.0 ~25,000 ~26 ~95 ~130 ~35 VINNAPAS® B 5 SP VINNAPAS® B 14 SP 1.9 – 2.3 < 0,5 Pastilles < 1.0 ~35,000 ~27 ~101 ~400 ~38 VINNAPAS® B 14 SP VINNAPAS® B 17 SP 2.5 – 3.0 < 0.5 Pellets < 1.0 ~45,000 ~31 ~107 ~1,500 ~39 VINNAPAS® B 17 SP VINNAPAS® B 30 SP 3.0 – 3.5 < 0.5 Pellets < 1.0 ~55,000 ~33 ~113 ~2,600 ~40 VINNAPAS® B 30 SP VINNAPAS® B 60 SP 3.5 – 5.0 < 0.5 Pellets < 1.0 ~70,000 ~40 ~119 ~4,000 ~41 VINNAPAS® B 60 SP VINNAPAS® B 60 FG 3.5 – 5.0 < 0.5 Powder < 1.0 ~70,000 ~40 ~119 ~4,000 ~41 VINNAPAS® B 60 FG VINNAPAS® B 100 SP 5.0 – 6.5 < 0.5 Pellets < 1,0 ~100,000 ~43 ~133 ~8,500 ~42 VINNAPAS® B 100 SP VINNAPAS® UW Grades9 VINNAPAS® UW Grades9 VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS 8.0 – 11.0 < 0.5 Beads < 1.0 ~145,000 ~51 ~155 ~11,000 ~42 VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS 11.0 – 13.5 < 0.5 Beads < 1.0 ~180,000 ~57 ~167 ~12,000 ~42 VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS VINNAPAS® UW 4 FS 23.0 – 30.0 < 0.5 Beads < 1.0 ~305,000 ~63 ~197 ~13,000 ~43 VINNAPAS® UW 4 FS VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS 35.0 – 55.0 < 0.5 Beads < 1.0 ~410,000 ~70 ~220 n.m. ~43 VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS VINNAPAS® UW 25 FS 75.0 – 85.0 < 0.5 Beads < 1.0 ~540,000 ~90 n.m. n.m. ~43 VINNAPAS® UW 25 FS VINNAPAS® Vinyl Acetate/Crotonic Acid Copolymer (CAS No. 25609-89-6) VINNAPAS® C Grades VINNAPAS® C Grades VINNAPAS® LL 8251 2.0 – 2.3 6.0 – 9.0 Flakes < 0.5 ~30,000 ~25 ~101 ~400 ~38 VINNAPAS® LL 8251 VINNAPAS® C 305 2.5 – 3.5 30.0 – 38.0 Flakes < 0.5 ~50,000 ~30 ~120 ~4,000 ~45 VINNAPAS® C 305 VINNAPAS® C 341 3.5 – 3.8 6.0 – 8.0 Flakes < 0.5 ~60,000 ~34.5 ~118 ~3,100 ~40 VINNAPAS® C 341 VINNAPAS® C 501 7.5 – 9.5 6.0 – 9.0 Flakes < 0.5 ~135,000 ~50 ~146 ~10,000 ~43 VINNAPAS® C 501 VINNAPAS® Vinyl Acetate/Vinyl Laurate Copolymer (CAS No. 26354-30-3) VINNAPAS® VL Grades VINNAPAS® VL Grades VINNAPAS® B 100/20 VLE 3,700 – 4,700 < 0.5 Solution ~ 50 % ~185,000 ~45 n.m. n.m. ~20 - VINNAPAS® B 100/20 VLE VINNAPAS® B 500/20 VL 8.0 – 12.0 < 0.5 Blocks < 1.0 ~225,000 ~50 115 ~2,200 ~20 - VINNAPAS® B 500/20 VL VINNAPAS® B 500/40 VL 8.0 – 12.0 < 0.5 Blocks < 1.0 ~320,000 ~51 85 ~180 ~0 - VINNAPAS® B 500/40 VL

4 SEC conditions: PS standard, THF; 60 °C; weight average 9 Abbreviations in product names read as follows: 5 DIN EN ISO 1628-2; 1 wt % in acetone SP = “special” with a very low residual monomer level < 5 ppm 6 Mettler softening point, ASTM D 3104 FG = finely ground; contains 2% HDK® (pyrogenic silica) as antiblocking agent 7 Bohlin high temperature viscosity, Bohlin CVO 120, heating rate 5 °C/min FS = contains pyrogenic silica 8 DSC, Mettler DSC 821 E, heating rate 20 °C/min n.m. = not measurable

7 SOLUBILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF VINNAPAS® SOLID RESINS

® Solubility of VINNAPAS Solid Resins Alcohols Natural and Hydrocarbon Resins in Different Solvents and Monomers Methanol Alkyd resins Ethanol, anhydrous Rosin esters Esters Ethanol, 94% Terpene resins Methyl acetate Ethanol, 50% Hydrocarbon resins Ethyl acetate i-Propanol, anhydrous Compatible n-Propyl acetate i-Propanol, 90% Partial compatibility or compatibility depends on specific n-Butyl acetate grades and/or ratio n-Butanol Incompatible sec-Butyl acetate Cyclohexanol iso-Butyl acetate Ethylene glycol tert-Butyl acetate (TBAc) 2-Ethoxy ethanol Plasticizers Amyl acetate 2-Butoxy ethanol Plasticizers can be added to VINNAPAS® Glycolic acid butyl ester resins to increase flexibility and tack, to 2-Methoxy ethyl acetate Ethers lower the heat-sealing temperature and to 2-Ethoxy ethyl acetate Diethyl ether increase water resistance. Coatings Tetrahydrofuran and adhesives based on VINNAPAS® Ketones resins usually require only small amounts Acetone Soluble Partially soluble (depending on molecular weight) of plasticizer to increase their flexibility. Methyl ethyl ketone Insoluble Higher levels of plasticizer (20% or more) Methyl isobutyl ketone lower the softening point considerably, Cyclohexanone Isophorone Compatibility of VINNNAPAS® Solid reducing the heat-resistance of the ad- Resins with Other Binders hesives and increasing the surface tacki- ness of adhesives and coatings based on Aromatic Hydrocarbons VINNAPAS®. Ethyl benzene Synthetic Polymers / Plastics Toluene Polyethylene (PE) Xylene Polypropylene (PP) Recommended plasticizers for Styrene Polystyrene (PS) VINNAPAS® solid resins are: Vinyl chloride – vinyl acetate • Dibenzoates E.g. diethylene glycol copolymers Chlorinated Hydrocarbons dibenzoate or dipropylene glycol Ethylene butyl acrylate copolymers Methylene chloride (EBA) dibenzoate Chloroform Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers • Citrates E.g. tributyl-o-acetyl citrate Trichloroethylene (EVA) (ATBC) or tris-(2-ethylhexyl) o-acetyl Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) citrate (ATEHC) Aliphatic Hydrocarbons Polyesters • Polymeric plasticizers E.g. polyadipates White spirit Nitrocelluose (soluble in alcohol) • Triacetin (glycerol triacetate) Mineral oils Nitrocelluose (soluble in ester) Polyvinyl methyl ether Our unique VINNAPAS® VL resins are inter- Acrylic Monomers Urea-formaldehyde nally plasticized via the soft comonomer Methyl methacrylate (MMA) Unsaturated polyester resins vinyl laurate. Traditional grades are (UP resins) 1,3-Butanediol dimethacrylate VINNAPAS® B 500-40 VL, VINNAPAS® B (1,3-BDDMA) Vinyl ester resins (VE resins) 500-20 VL and VINNAPAS® B 100-20 VLE. 1,4-Butanediol dimethacrylate Epoxy resins (EP resins) (1,4-BDDMA) Compatible Soluble Partial compatibility or compatibility depends on specific Partially soluble (depends on molecular weight) grade and/or ratio Insoluble Incompatible

8 MELT VISCOSITIES OF VINNAPAS® SOLID RESINS

Melt Viscosities of VINNAPAS® Solid Resins

100,000 Viscosity [Pa s] Viscosity [Pa

10,000

1,000

100

1 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 190 Temperature [°C]

VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS VINNAPAS® C 305 VINNAPAS® B 17 SP VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS VINNAPAS® C 341 VINNAPAS® B 30 SP VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS VINNAPAS® C 501 VINNAPAS® B 60 SP VINNAPAS® B 500/20 VL VINNAPAS® LL 8251 VINNAPAS® B 100 SP VINNAPAS® B 500/40 VL

100% polymer, Bohlin high-temperature viscosity; Bohlin CVO 120, heating rate 5 °C/min

9 VISCOSITY OF VINNAPAS® SOLID RESINS IN ETHYL ACETATE

Viscosity of VINNAPAS® Solid Resins in Ethyl Acetate

10,000 [mPa s] [mPa

1,000

100

1 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 [% in ethyl acetate]

VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS VINNAPAS® C 305 VINNAPAS® B 17 SP VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS VINNAPAS® C 501 VINNAPAS® B 30 SP VINNAPAS® UW 25 FS VINNAPAS® B 60 SP VINNAPAS® B 500/40 VL VINNAPAS® B 100 SP

Brookfield viscosity at 23 °C / 20 rpm

10 VISCOSITY OF VINNAPAS® SOLID RESINS IN STYRENE

Viscosity of VINNAPAS® Solid Resins in Styrene

10,000 [mPa s] [mPa

1,000

100

20 25 30 35 40 45 [% in styrene]

VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS VINNAPAS® C 341 VINNAPAS® B 60 SP VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS VINNAPAS® C 501 VINNAPAS® B 100 SP VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS VINNAPAS® LL 8251 VINNAPAS® B 500/20 VL

Brookfield viscosity at 23 °C / 20 rpm

11 VINNAPAS® SOLID RESINS APPLICATION AREAS

Applications Grades Low-Profile Solvent-Based All-Purpose Tackifier/Modifier Acrylic Coatings Sound-Damping Modifier for Powder Nonwovens Additive (LPA) Mastic & Parquet Adhesives for Hot-Melt Adhesives Structural Sheets Thermoplastic Injection Adhesives Adhesives Resins Molding (PIM) VINNAPAS® Homopolymer Polyvinyl Acetate (CAS No. 9003-20-7) VINNAPAS® B Grades VINNAPAS® B Grades VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP VINNAPAS® B 5 SP VINNAPAS® B 5 SP VINNAPAS® B 14 SP VINNAPAS® B 14 SP VINNAPAS® B 17 SP VINNAPAS® B 17 SP VINNAPAS® B 30 SP VINNAPAS® B 30 SP VINNAPAS® B 60 SP VINNAPAS® B 60 SP VINNAPAS® B 60 FG VINNAPAS® B 60 FG VINNAPAS® B 100 SP VINNAPAS® B 100 SP VINNAPAS® UW Grades VINNAPAS® UW Grades VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS VINNAPAS® UW 4 FS VINNAPAS® UW 4 FS VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS VINNAPAS® UW 25 FS VINNAPAS® UW 25 FS VINNAPAS® Vinyl Acetate/Crotonic Acid Copolymer (CAS No. 25609-89-6) VINNAPAS® C Grades VINNAPAS® C Grades VINNAPAS® LL 8251 VINNAPAS® LL 8251 VINNAPAS® C 305 VINNAPAS® C 305 VINNAPAS® C 341 VINNAPAS® C 341 VINNAPAS® C 501 VINNAPAS® C 501 VINNAPAS® Vinyl Acetate/Vinyl Laurate Copolymer (CAS No. 26354-30-3) VINNAPAS® VL Grades VINNAPAS® VL Grades VINNAPAS® B 100/20 VLE VINNAPAS® B 100/20 VLE VINNAPAS® B 500/20 VL VINNAPAS® B 500/20 VL VINNAPAS® B 500/40 VL VINNAPAS® B 500/40 VL

Recommended Suitable

12 Applications Grades Low-Profile Solvent-Based All-Purpose Tackifier/Modifier Acrylic Coatings Sound-Damping Modifier for Powder Nonwovens Additive (LPA) Mastic & Parquet Adhesives for Hot-Melt Adhesives Structural Sheets Thermoplastic Injection Adhesives Adhesives Resins Molding (PIM) VINNAPAS® Homopolymer Polyvinyl Acetate (CAS No. 9003-20-7) VINNAPAS® B Grades VINNAPAS® B Grades VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP VINNAPAS® B 1.5 SP VINNAPAS® B 5 SP VINNAPAS® B 5 SP VINNAPAS® B 14 SP VINNAPAS® B 14 SP VINNAPAS® B 17 SP VINNAPAS® B 17 SP VINNAPAS® B 30 SP VINNAPAS® B 30 SP VINNAPAS® B 60 SP VINNAPAS® B 60 SP VINNAPAS® B 60 FG VINNAPAS® B 60 FG VINNAPAS® B 100 SP VINNAPAS® B 100 SP VINNAPAS® UW Grades VINNAPAS® UW Grades VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS VINNAPAS® UW 2 FS VINNAPAS® UW 4 FS VINNAPAS® UW 4 FS VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS VINNAPAS® UW 25 FS VINNAPAS® UW 25 FS VINNAPAS® Vinyl Acetate/Crotonic Acid Copolymer (CAS No. 25609-89-6) VINNAPAS® C Grades VINNAPAS® C Grades VINNAPAS® LL 8251 VINNAPAS® LL 8251 VINNAPAS® C 305 VINNAPAS® C 305 VINNAPAS® C 341 VINNAPAS® C 341 VINNAPAS® C 501 VINNAPAS® C 501 VINNAPAS® Vinyl Acetate/Vinyl Laurate Copolymer (CAS No. 26354-30-3) VINNAPAS® VL Grades VINNAPAS® VL Grades VINNAPAS® B 100/20 VLE VINNAPAS® B 100/20 VLE VINNAPAS® B 500/20 VL VINNAPAS® B 500/20 VL VINNAPAS® B 500/40 VL VINNAPAS® B 500/40 VL

13 LOW- PROFILE ADDITIVES

VINNAPAS® solid resins are used as low-profile additives in fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) com- Unless a low-profile additive is used in the posites to achieve manufacture of composite parts, high shrinkage will occur. The addition of VINNAPAS® resins mini- zero-shrinkage, class mizes this shrinkage to less than 0.05 %, resulting in extremely smooth, homogeneous surfaces. A surface quality, full viscosity control and VINNAPAS® is a most effective thermo- are the perfect thickening systems for un- plastic anti-shrink (low-profile) additive saturated resin composites. Carboxylated design flexibility. for UP resin composites that are mold- VINNAPAS® C grades, in combination ed at high temperatures. In addition to with a thickening paste, result in a high zero shrinkage, certain high-temperature and constant viscosity level. After matura- unsaturated polyester applications, such tion, this combination is ideal for prevent- as SMC and BMC, require effective thick- ing exudation of the thermoplastic resins. ening to ensure easy handling of the Carboxyl-free VINNAPAS® B and UW composite and good glass-fiber distribu- homopolymer grades are used when only tion during mold flow: carboxylated moderate or no thickening of the UP resin VINNAPAS® C grades, in combination composite is required. with magnesium oxide or calcium oxide,

Benefits of VINNAPAS® Solid Resins • Zero shrinkage/expansion in FRP composites • Consistently high quality • Excellent gloss and surface smoothness • Good mechanical properties • Effective thickening of SMC • Rapid and complete solubility in styrene • Easy processing and formulating

Application SMC BMC Pultrusion RTM Viscosity in styrene1 40% in mPas VINNAPAS® LL 8251 ~ 300 VINNAPAS® C 341 ~ 1,000 VINNAPAS® C 501 ~ 6,500 VINNAPAS® B 60 sp ~ 1,000 VINNAPAS® B 100 sp ~ 2,000 VINNAPAS® UW 1 FS ~ 5,000 VINNAPAS® UW 4 FS ~ 66,000 VINNAPAS® UW 10 FS ~ 160,000

Recommended Suitable BMC = Bulk Molding Compound; SMC = Sheet Molding Compound; RTM = Resin Transfer Molding 1Brookfield PHL 002/23 °C

14 ® SMC VINNAPAS Solution in Styrene VINNAPAS® low-profile additives (LPAs) Rotary cutter are almost exclusively used as solutions ® VINNAPAS LPAs in styrene. The VINNAPAS® polyvinyl acetate solid resins are readily soluble in Doctor box Glass fiber roving styrene and thus enable you to prepare VINNAPAS® solutions in styrene accord- ing to your needs.

Carrier film ® Doctor box Preparing a VINNAPAS Solution in Styrene Add the VINNAPAS® resin to the styrene Carrier film while stirring well to prevent the formation of lumps during dissolution. This should

Resin paste usually be done at room temperature; some temperature increase during the dissolving process is normal and is due to Compaction rollers shear friction. Protect the resulting solution from direct light during storage. Additional heat will increase the rate of dissolution. However, control the stability of the solution, because styrene monomer has a tenden- cy to polymerize. While VINNAPAS® LPA solution typically contains 40% solids, this Typical SMC Formulation may vary with the molecular weight of the Components Parts by wt. VINNAPAS® grade and the compound Unsaturated Polyester Resin formulation. Orthophthalic polyester resin (65% in styrene) 65.0 Average figures for VINNAPAS® LPA Additives solutions in styrene are: VINNAPAS® PVAc (40% in styrene) 35.0 tert-Butyl perbenzoate 1.0 VINNAPAS® C Grades 40% Peroxy ester 0.2 VINNAPAS® B Grades 40 – 45% Pigment dispersion 10.0 ® Zinc stearate 2.0 VINNAPAS UW Grades 30 – 40% Filler Calcium carbonate 3 μm 180.0 Glass Fibers 50 mm chopped glass fibers, wt.% 27–29

15 ADHESIVES

VINNAPAS® solid resins are used in the adhesives industry as binders for adhesives, due to their excellent adhesion to numerous substrates, such as paper, cartonboard, wood, textile, leather, glass, stone, metal Solvent-Based Adhesives Use of Plasticizers and many plastics. VINNAPAS® solid resins can be formulat- Adhesives formulated with VINNAPAS® ed with mild solvents such as esters, solid resins can be plasticized with typical ketones or aqueous alcohols. In the US, dibenzoate plasticizers or with polymeric acetone, methyl acetate and t-butyl plasticizers, such as polyadipates, to acetate (TBAc) are so-called exempt obtain a highly flexible bond or to improve solvents, as they make a negligible con- the low-temperature flexibility if required. tribution to the formation of ground-level Alternatively, VINNAPAS® B 100-20 VLE ozone and smog. The United States can be used. This is an internally plasti- Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) cized copolymer with soft vinyl laurate therefore excludes these exempt solvents comonomer, and is supplied as a ready- from the regulatory definition of a VOC. to-use 50% solution in ethyl acetate. With their excellent solubility in acetone, methyl acetate and t-butyl acetate, Application VINNAPAS® solid resins are there- VINNAPAS® based adhesives can be fore ideal binders for the formulation of applied by conventional methods, such VOC-compliant adhesives for the US as brushing, roll coating, knife coating or market. spraying. Major application areas include The VINNAPAS® B grades are suitable parquet flooring, all-purpose and various for adhesives which do not need to meet mastic construction adhesives, e.g. sub- specific heat-resistance requirements. In- floor and landscaping adhesives. Guide creased heat resistance can be achieved formulations are available on request. by a combination of VINNAPAS® B grades and VINNAPAS® UW grades, along with a filler, such as calcium carbonate. For sprayable adhesives, low-molecular VINNAPAS® B grades are recommended. For manufacturing an adhesive containing VINNAPAS®, we recommend dissolving the VINNAPAS® resins or resin combination in a suitable solvent mixture under sufficient agitation, and then adding fillers, pigments, etc.

16 Hot-Melt Adhesives Acrylic Structural Adhesives Polymeric binders, tackifier resins and Free-radical-curing acrylic adhesives offer waxes are the main components of typical extremely strong adhesion to difficult sub- hot-melt adhesives. Our thermoplastic strates, as well as faster curing than, e.g. VINNAPAS® solid resins, especially the epoxies and polyurethanes. The performance VINNAPAS® B resins, are suitable as of a structural adhesive is determined by tackifiers or modifiers in combination with the permanence of the bond between the rosin or hydrocarbon resins in hot-melt adherends. The adhesive must shrink very adhesive applications. VINNAPAS® B little as it cures. VINNAPAS® solid resins resins are color-free and odor-free food- reduce shrinkage during curing, thereby grade materials. In hot-melt formulations, speeding up processing and providing a they offer an attractive cost/performance reliable bond. ratio and improve adhesion to certain critical substrates, such as PET and PP.

17 COATINGS

Whether high binding power, water and abrasion resistance or exceptional flexibility is required, VINNAPAS® solid resins offer outstanding advantages in a wide range of coating systems.

Due to their outstanding clarity, VINNAPAS® adhesion and mechanical properties to solid resins are suitable for many applica- the requirements of the application. tions in which natural resins are traditionally The non-functional VINNAPAS® grades in used. the higher-viscosity range (UW grades) also have good metallizing properties. In particular, the low-to-medium viscosity grades (B 5 SP – B 100) may serve as VINNAPAS® VL grades are exceptionally the synthetic resin component in cellulose flexible and adhere strongly to various nitrate lacquers (maple wood varnishes, plastic substrates, aluminum and glass. lacquers for posters and labels). The vis- They are therefore eminently suitable cosity and hardness of the lacquer can be for the production of coatings or screen varied over a wide range, depending on printing inks that have a so-called “soft the VINNAPAS® grade selected. In con- touch.” VINNAPAS® VL grades have nection with primers for porous materials, excellent compatibility with a wide range such as wood, plaster and masonry, the of different polymers, acting like migra- low-viscosity VINNAPAS® grades (e.g. tion-free polymeric plasticizers in such B 1.5 SP, B 5 SP) are highly suitable for systems. Their main application field is producing lacquers with high filler uptake in nitrocellulose-based systems. and good spreading power. As the resins are totally colorless, the color of the primed VINNAPAS® has high binding power for surface remains unchanged. VINNAPAS® pigments and fillers. For this reason, high solid resins also ensure good adhesion pigment loading can be achieved when and recoatability. In these applications, products based on VINNAPAS® are used. incorporating plasticizers may also be As they have a neutral pH, the VINNAPAS® B useful for improving the properties of the and UW grades tolerate not only neutral coating. pigments and fillers, but also slightly alkaline pigments and fillers in the formulation. VINNAPAS® C grades contain carboxyl functionality and are recommended for Low- and medium-viscosity VINNAPAS® priming metal surfaces, e.g. aluminum solid resin grades have proved suitable foil, due to their excellent adhesion. for the production of concrete sealing VINNAPAS® C 305 is soluble in alkaline fluids and barrier coatings on gypsum water, yet the dried film exhibits very sheets. In addition to reduced dusting good water resistance. resulting from improved abrasion resistance, these coatings offer good protec- Also, VINNAPAS® C grades have outstand- tion against penetration by oil, grease, ing adhesion to paper and corrugated board humidity, etc. Examples of indoor ap- and are recommended for use as primers plications are cellar floors and stairs. For in the metallization of these substrates. outdoor applications, we recommend our They may be combined with non-functional VINNOL® resins. VINNAPAS® resins in order to adjust the

18 Benefits of VINNAPAS® Solid Resins: SOUND- Cabin Top Top Damping

Cabin Side Side Damping DAMPING SHEETS Luggage Compartment Damping Cabin Floor Noise generated by Floor Damping the vibration of metal Cabin Tunnel Cabin Front Tunnel Damping Side Damping parts in automobiles Cabin Door Door Damping can be reduced or eliminated by effective sound-damping Sound-Damping Sheets Wide Compatibility materials containing A major problem in the automotive industry VINNAPAS® resins are highly compatible ® is the noise generated by the vibration of with a broad spectrum of plasticizers. The VINNAPAS UW resins. metal parts in the vehicle. Excessive noise most common plasticizers used here are can be reduced or eliminated by effective phthalates, phosphates and glycol deriv- sound-damping material. VINNAPAS® UW atives. The raw materials are mixed in an resins can serve as the principal com- extruder and processed into thin sheets. ponent for effective vibration-damping Adhesion of these sheets to the metal materials and sound-damping sheets. can be boosted by applying common The resins confer excellent sound-damping pressure-sensitive adhesives in the form properties over a wide temperature range. of an emulsion. Guide formulations are Sheets formulated with VINNAPAS® UW available on request. resins yield more effective sound-damping and produce no toxic emissions and no fogging, compared to asphalt-containing sheets, due to their high molecular weight and chemical composition. Additional benefits exhibited by VINNAPAS®-based sound-damping sheets are excellent paintability, ease of handling, and reduced overall weight. Besides VINNAPAS® UW resin, formulations typically contain plasticizer, filler and carbon black. A wide range of fillers can be used, with calcium carbonate and mica very popular. Add- ing plasticizer allows the sound-damping sheets to be fine-tuned to the required flexibility and effective temperature range.

19 POWDER INJECTION MOLDING (PIM)

The negative effects of dusting and particle segregation in the PIM manufacturing process can be eliminat- Powder Injection Molding (PIM) Variations in composition due to dusting ed or reduced by us- Powder injection molding is employed in and segregation also give rise to variations the manufacture of, e.g. medical devices, in the mechanical and physical properties ing the right binder aerospace or automotive components by of blends and of parts made from these in the premixes, e.g. the net-shaping technique. The use of an blends. It is difficult to quantify the effects injection molding machine to shape metal of dusting and segregation. However, ® our VINNAPAS B 100, or ceramic powder into specific designs there is substantial evidence to suggest UW 1 and UW 4 grades. allows complex product components to that these phenomena create both tech- be produced in high volume. nical and economic problems for the PIM industry. In the former case, they limit the The PIM industry is aware that premixes ability to blend metal powders without an can vary in composition as a result of additional binder. In the latter case, they dusting and segregation. These effects may also cause dimensional variations are clearly evident in compositions that that lead to part rejection, loss of produc- have a high alloy content. tivity and poor overall economics.

However, they appear to be present in all A number of manufacturing options are mixtures, independent of alloy content. available for eliminating or reducing the While dusting is a frequent visible indication, effects of dusting and segregation. The segregation due to particle migration is three most significant are: atomization of less apparent, but is nonetheless quite prealloys, diffusion bonding by annealing, well known. and binder treatment of premixes.

The VINNAPAS® grades B 100, UW 1 and UW 4 are highly recommended for use as binder in these formulations. Our products combine the following properties: • Outstanding binding • Excellent thermoplasticity • Superior burn-out

20 VINNAPAS® SOLID RESINS GENERAL INFORMATION

VINNAPAS® solid resins are available as beads, flakes, powder and pellets.

Dangerous Chemicals Regulations Minimum Shelf Life Further information regarding VINNAPAS® B, UW, C and VL solid Please refer to the technical data sheet individual products is available at resins are classified as non-hazardous for the specific grade. www.wacker.com/vinnapas substances under GHS and therefore and from our WACKER offices. do not require labeling. Packaging Standard packaging for VINNAPAS® B, Storage of VINNAPAS® Solid Resins UW and C grades: To prevent caking, VINNAPAS® solid resins Paper bags, 25 kg net weight. 500 kg or should not be stored at temperatures 1000 kg big bags are available for most above 20 °C. Storage conditions must be grades upon request. dry and the material must be protected from direct sunlight.

21 EXPERTISE AND SERVICE NETWORK ON FIVE CONTINENTS

• Sales offices and production sites, plus WACKER is one of the world’s leading and energy efficiency and protection of the and in collaboration with, our customers. reliable service to enable projects and 18 technical centers, ensure you a local presence worldwide. most research-intensive chemical compa- climate and environment. We also help them boost their own suc- orders to be handled fast, reliably and nies, with total sales of €4.6 billion. Spanning the globe with 4 business cess. Our technical centers employ local highly efficiently. Products range from silicones, binders divisions, we offer our customers highly- specialists who assist customers world- Visit us anywhere, anytime around the and polymer additives for diverse industrial specialized products and comprehensive wide in the development of products world at: www.wacker.com sectors to bioengineered pharmaceutical service via 23 production sites, 18 technical tailored to regional demands, supporting actives and hyperpure silicon for semi- competence centers, 13 WACKER them during every stage of their complex conductor and solar applications. As a ACADEMY training centers and 48 sales production processes, if required. technology leader focusing on sustainability, offices in Europe, North and South America, WACKER e-solutions are online services WACKER promotes products and ideas and Asia – including a presence in China. provided via our customer portal and as that offer a high value-added potential to With a workforce of some 13,450, we see integrated process solutions. Our custom- ensure that current and future generations ourselves as a reliable innovation partner ers and business partners thus benefit enjoy a better quality of life based on that develops trailblazing solutions for, from comprehensive information and All figures are based on fiscal 2016.

O-17-03128_NEU_group page_double_A4_Europe_2016.indd Alle Seiten 08.05.17 13:45 EXPERTISE AND SERVICE NETWORK ON FIVE CONTINENTS

O-17-03128_NEU_group page_double_A4_Europe_2016.indd Alle Seiten 08.05.17 13:45 Wacker Chemie AG Hanns-Seidel-Platz 4 81737 München, Germany Tel. +49 89 6279-1741 [email protected] www.wacker.com/vinnapas www.wacker.com/socialmedia

7409e/08.16 7409e/11.17 replaces

The data presented in this medium are in accordance with the present state of our knowledge but do not absolve the user from carefully checking all supplies immediately on receipt. We reserve the right to alter product constants within the scope of technical progress or new developments. The recommendations made in this medium should be checked by preliminary trials because of conditions during processing over which we have no control, especially where other companies’ raw materials are also being used. The information provided by us does not absolve the user from the obligation of investigating the possibility of infringement of third parties’ rights and, if necessary, clarifying the position. Recommendations for use do not constitute a warranty, either express or implied, of the fitness or suitability of the product for a particular purpose.